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Syllabus building, conceptualizing 101
English 598 Fall 2008 work
Teaching Writing Strategies
English 101 Materials
English 102 Materials
Activity Based Learning
What is an essay ? It is a text that states thoughts on a given topic in a specific sequence. Only a good argument, an accurate reflection of one’s thoughts, and their distribution in a strict sequence allow you to write a good essay. In many educational institutions, an essay is perceived as a means of control. Many students don’t like to write essays. They do not know how and don’t want to do it. Still, an essay is a beneficial exercise that develops written language, spelling, and punctuation literacy if it is written correctly. This is where report writing services can come in handy, assisting students in honing their writing skills effectively.
Essays help develop the following skills:
Today, essays are written on various subjects. When writing an essay, students not only memorize facts but also understand the information acquired, learn to critically evaluate it, and use it in practice.
This kind of assignment encourages the student to delve more seriously into the issue. After all, you need to conduct a mini-research to write a good essay. Getting an A grade is impossible if you don’t study the information related to the topic of the essay. The body of the essay is the presence of specifics. Facts come to the fore. The writer has to determine effective ways of argumentation based on reliable information. General ideas and reasoning about everything at once and at the same time about nothing are not welcome.
Thinking on pape r , writing, a student stimulates the thought process. It is often difficult for us to say something out loud or formulate a thought. Writing an essay helps us focus: fixing all the ideas that appear in the head, you can highlight the main thing and formulate the essence and the main idea. Oral thinking and communication also develop our brains.
The essay develops the mastery of research and formulation of conclusions: it helps see the separate parts and the picture as a whole. It is the ability to see individual details, little things, the whole environment, and have a broad outlook and vision of the problem. This quality develops best when you work with many details and determine the main thing, writing all the important information down on paper. So, writing is one of the most useful ways to develop analytical talents.
Writing an essay develops our logic. Along with other subjects (for example, algebra and geometry), literature and text creation form logical thinking. The ability to skillfully, consistently, and logically state an idea is the basis of the skill of influence. It is a quality required for a successful expert: people with the skill of persuasion are more successful than others and are always in the lead.
When there is a lot of information, thoughts scatter, and opinions differ, the easiest way is to specify everything in writing. Writing everything down on paper emphasizes the essential thing. In addition, when writing an essay, you try to follow a certain order: either according to a once-created plan or intuitively. In this way, writing a text teaches you to structure any details.
Even though there are many advantages to writing an essay, there are also some disadvantages.
Every person should have the right to choose. As a rule, students get one essay topic in schools and colleges. Some students are completely unfamiliar with the topic of “family” issues, relationships, tragedies, and dramas, but they would love to write an essay about new technologies. It may be more interesting for someone to write essays on their interests, hobbies, and talents.
If a topic is too general, it can be difficult for students to figure out what to write about, and what is expected of them.
Sometimes, students have to write not what they think but what the teacher wants to get from them. If they “dare” to express their opinion, this can lead to bad consequences (bad grades, public condemnation, conflict with the teacher, message to parents, etc.).
The very idea of developing a student’s writing skills is a good tool for developing the student’s intellect. But there is not enough “flexibility,” that is, the interests and individuality of students are not always taken into account. Perhaps, many would write essays much more willingly if topics were closer to students’ interests and current modern changes.
If you can’t write essays or don’t have time for it, experienced authors are waiting for your appeal on the DoMyEssay website. The authors prepare essays on different subjects.
It takes a few hours to write an urgent essay. When you pay DoMyEssay.net , the exact cost is calculated individually, considering the topic of the work, the volume, and the timing of writing. The price will depend on the chosen topic, genre, subject, and volume. You can be sure that you will get a unique quality text. Online experts will help you write an essay inexpensively.
What needs to be done to find out the exact price?
Ordering an essay is inexpensive. You won’t overpay.
So, the essay, like any other written text, teaches us to formulate thoughts clearly and understandably. This quality is indispensable for personal and professional development, communicating with other people, achieving goals, etc. Among other things, the skill of writing helps single out the main idea from a variety of information. It is indispensable, especially in our time. The ability to discard the extra and leave the main thing often saves us when everything changes every second. If you don’t have time to write an essay yourself for some reason, you can seek help from professionals. They will write it as the rules require.
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Legal documents are notoriously difficult to understand, even for lawyers. This raises the question: Why are these documents written in a style that makes them so impenetrable?
MIT cognitive scientists believe they have uncovered the answer to that question. Just as “magic spells” use special rhymes and archaic terms to signal their power, the convoluted language of legalese acts to convey a sense of authority, they conclude.
In a study appearing this week in the journal of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , the researchers found that even non-lawyers use this type of language when asked to write laws.
“People seem to understand that there’s an implicit rule that this is how laws should sound, and they write them that way,” says Edward Gibson, an MIT professor of brain and cognitive sciences and the senior author of the study.
Eric Martinez PhD ’24 is the lead author of the study. Francis Mollica, a lecturer at the University of Melbourne, is also an author of the paper .
Casting a legal spell
Gibson’s research group has been studying the unique characteristics of legalese since 2020, when Martinez came to MIT after earning a law degree from Harvard Law School. In a 2022 study , Gibson, Martinez, and Mollica analyzed legal contracts totaling about 3.5 million words, comparing them with other types of writing, including movie scripts, newspaper articles, and academic papers.
That analysis revealed that legal documents frequently have long definitions inserted in the middle of sentences — a feature known as “center-embedding.” Linguists have previously found that this kind of structure can make text much more difficult to understand.
“Legalese somehow has developed this tendency to put structures inside other structures, in a way which is not typical of human languages,” Gibson says.
In a follow-up study published in 2023, the researchers found that legalese also makes documents more difficult for lawyers to understand. Lawyers tended to prefer plain English versions of documents, and they rated those versions to be just as enforceable as traditional legal documents.
“Lawyers also find legalese to be unwieldy and complicated,” Gibson says. “Lawyers don’t like it, laypeople don’t like it, so the point of this current paper was to try and figure out why they write documents this way.”
The researchers had a couple of hypotheses for why legalese is so prevalent. One was the “copy and edit hypothesis,” which suggests that legal documents begin with a simple premise, and then additional information and definitions are inserted into already existing sentences, creating complex center-embedded clauses.
“We thought it was plausible that what happens is you start with an initial draft that’s simple, and then later you think of all these other conditions that you want to include. And the idea is that once you’ve started, it’s much easier to center-embed that into the existing provision,” says Martinez, who is now a fellow and instructor at the University of Chicago Law School.
However, the findings ended up pointing toward a different hypothesis, the so-called “magic spell hypothesis.” Just as magic spells are written with a distinctive style that sets them apart from everyday language, the convoluted style of legal language appears to signal a special kind of authority, the researchers say.
“In English culture, if you want to write something that’s a magic spell, people know that the way to do that is you put a lot of old-fashioned rhymes in there. We think maybe center-embedding is signaling legalese in the same way,” Gibson says.
In this study, the researchers asked about 200 non-lawyers (native speakers of English living in the United States, who were recruited through a crowdsourcing site called Prolific), to write two types of texts. In the first task, people were told to write laws prohibiting crimes such as drunk driving, burglary, arson, and drug trafficking. In the second task, they were asked to write stories about those crimes.
To test the copy and edit hypothesis, half of the participants were asked to add additional information after they wrote their initial law or story. The researchers found that all of the subjects wrote laws with center-embedded clauses, regardless of whether they wrote the law all at once or were told to write a draft and then add to it later. And, when they wrote stories related to those laws, they wrote in much plainer English, regardless of whether they had to add information later.
“When writing laws, they did a lot of center-embedding regardless of whether or not they had to edit it or write it from scratch. And in that narrative text, they did not use center-embedding in either case,” Martinez says.
In another set of experiments, about 80 participants were asked to write laws, as well as descriptions that would explain those laws to visitors from another country. In these experiments, participants again used center-embedding for their laws, but not for the descriptions of those laws.
The origins of legalese
Gibson’s lab is now investigating the origins of center-embedding in legal documents. Early American laws were based on British law, so the researchers plan to analyze British laws to see if they feature the same kind of grammatical construction. And going back much farther, they plan to analyze whether center-embedding is found in the Hammurabi Code, the earliest known set of laws, which dates to around 1750 BC.
“There may be just a stylistic way of writing from back then, and if it was seen as successful, people would use that style in other languages,” Gibson says. “I would guess that it’s an accidental property of how the laws were written the first time, but we don’t know that yet.”
The researchers hope that their work, which has identified specific aspects of legal language that make it more difficult to understand, will motivate lawmakers to try to make laws more comprehensible. Efforts to write legal documents in plainer language date to at least the 1970s, when President Richard Nixon declared that federal regulations should be written in “layman’s terms.” However, legal language has changed very little since that time.
“We have learned only very recently what it is that makes legal language so complicated, and therefore I am optimistic about being able to change it,” Gibson says.
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In the modern informational world, a huge number of writers and SEO professionals are afraid that AI content will not be ranked by Google or will not comply with AdSense. Researchers and students are afraid that AI-generated content does not have originality and depth. I am one of those people who values creativity, so I'm always trying to find some ways to add authenticity and emotion into AI content. In this article, I'll show you how to make AI-driven content more human and effective.
The real magic in AI-generated content lies within the prompts provided. The more clear and detailed your prompt is, the significantly better the results. Let's see how different prompts influence the outcome of AI content generation tools like ChatGPT:
Scenario: Write a course final summary for a class on Medical Translation.
Set Prompt 1: Brief but Not Clear: I want you to write a course final summary for me. The course is on medical translation.
Possible Output:
Specific and detailed: I am a student. I want you to write a course final summary for me. The course is medical translation. I should talk about the experience that I gained during the course and the limitations of this course. Please write within 400 words. The language should be oral, and offer me a coherent passage.
Key Takeaways:
Write clear instructions. Please include your name, word count, intended audience, and writing style - formal or informal.
Reference text: This shall guide the AI on the kind of writing style that is desired. For example, "Write in a conversational tone, similar to a blog post."
Using these best practices, you will be able to write and develop prompts that receive human-quality outputs from AI tools.
Several tools can really finetune and add a natural flair to the text when humanizing AI-generated content. ZeroGPT is one of them, mainly oriented to paraphrasing AI-generated content to make it look humanly written. Here's a detailed explanation of how it works and the limitations you might come across.
Humanize AI text is designed for the paraphrasing and rephrasing of AI-generated text to be less detectable as machine-produced. It changes the choice of words and sentence structure while keeping the real meaning, offering a more human variation of the text.
Step 1: Input Text: Paste your AI-generated content into Humanize AI text.
Step 2: Rewording It: The text is processed, with vocabulary and sentence structure changed.
Step 3: Output Text Review the paraphrased content that will read more natural and less AI-like.
However, the limitation with tools like Humanize AI text lies in:
Problems with Redundancy and Coherence: The paraphrasing tools may introduce redundancy or make up sentences for no apparent use, in some cases providing no coherence. For instance, it could be a repetition of phrases or an awkward sentence structure that badly affects the text's overall readability.
Inconsistency with Writing Style: The paraphrased text could still show some mechanical nature or not really be with that personal touch which would come from your own style of writing. As a result, this may give rise to the content sounding inconsistent with your regular writing tone.
Detection by Teachers and Readers: Even though AI humanizing tools do help in bypassing certain AI detectors, they can't totally eliminate the risk of the work being unearthed that they were AI-generated. Teachers, especially, and readers, such as academicians, may notice a lack of real insight into the work or a voice in it, and skepticism regarding the genuineness of the content.
Although tools like ZeroGPT are capable of making AI more human-like, they come with their own set of limitations:
Artificial Consistency: One of the things tools can't replicate with any great degree is often the fineness and variation of human writing. This is what tends to result in reworded text that has something of a uniformity about it, hence less readable.
Lack of Depth: Human writers bring to their content such values as personal experiences, critical analysis, and unique perspectives. AI tools cannot really replicate these elements that go into creating excellent and appropriate content.
While AI humanizing tools may somehow seek to enhance readability and appearance regarding AI-generated text, they do not replace human input. Their output needs to be combined with your writing to finally have content that meets the quality threshold and authenticity threshold.
If Steps 1 and 2 still give the text an apparent, distinct AI flavor, once you're done, proceed to Step 3. This step details the substitution of common terminologies in AI-generated texts with more natural, human-like synonyms to improve readability.
One thing to do with AI-generated texts is that they use very formal and unyielding words. For example, some of the common words in AI output include "illuminate," "prominently," and "hone." Human writing usually incorporates simpler words and those to which most people can relate, like "clarify," "noticeable," and "improve."
AI term: Illuminate → Human term: Clarify
AI term: Prominently → Human term: Noticeable
AI term: Hone → Human term: Improve
Step 1: Select the Text: Open your text that you have generated from AI in WPS Office using the steps.
Step 2: Student Tools: Scroll down to "Student Tools" at the very end of the toolbar.
Step 3: Word to be Replaced: Select the specific word or the form of the word you want to replace.
Step 4: Thesaurus: Click "Thesaurus" in the drop-down. A new window pops up with the synonym choices.
Step 5: Choose and Replace: Scroll through the list of synonyms provided. Pick out the best one contextually to your text, then hit "Replace".
With this, through the steps, you will be able to replace terms generated formally by AI with more natural language to enhance its readability and human-likeness.
The result of accomplishing Steps 2 and 3 is content that reads more human. But that alone won't give the content the personal touch it should have to maximally engage the reader. That's where your writing style comes in.
Step 1: Open WPS Office: Open your computer and WPS Office.
Step 2: Chat with AI: On your right-hand side, the AI chatbot interface is enabled to start working on your ideas by interacting and discussing them, asking questions or seeking suggestions.
Step 3: Write Simultaneously: The writing can be continued on the left-hand side of the screen. This view helps keep writing in sync with the AI, without jumping around different interfaces.
Step 4: Adopt AI Suggestions: Implement all the inferences and AI suggestions to enrich the write-up. It will allow you to come closer to a better-refined form of your authored content through adding up a personalized touch to it.
WPS Office comes with the foremost and the most compelling error-checking grammar tools. It has integrated all the latest spell-check and grammar checking to make your content seasoned and professional. Here's how to go about it:
Step 1: Open Spell Check: Under "Review" tab in WPS Office, you will see options; click on "Spell Check." The software will run the spell check.
Step 2: Suggestions for Corrections: In case there are any errors in spelling or grammar in your text, they will be underlined/dashed in red. Go through all the suggestions provided and edit as required.
Step 3: Settings Options: You can personalize the spell check options according to your preference
By merging the insights from the AI with your insightful personal touch, you will be able to create very engaging and professionally polished content. This will speed up the writing process and, at the same time, ensure the quality and readability of the final product.
Feel free to take advantage of the tools and strategies to ensure that the writing process is smooth and effective!
AI-generated texts are a product of algorithms and language models trained on huge text datasets. Such models learn patterns, grammar, and contexts through which they are able to generate new content when prompted to.
When generating content with AI for the purpose of achieving SEO, look at relevant keywords that naturally flow in the text, clarity, appealing structure, and useful information. WPS Office will help in perfecting on-page elements such as headings, meta descriptions, and internal links. Schedule regular updates and revision of content to keep it fresh and engaging to readers and search engines alike.
Yes, several tools can enable one to check whether the content is humanized enough. Tools such as Copyscape, Grammarly, and Writefull are able to pick out patterns typical of AI-generated text and give suggestions for its perfection. One may also check for AI detection tools like GPTZero or Originality.ai to detect human-like quality and AI origin in a piece of content.
Humanization of AI content involves composing detailed prompts, activating humanizing tools, replacing formal terms with synonyms, and adding personal insights. All these procedures can be highly facilitated by the tools available in WPS Office so that your AI-generated content sounds more appealing and realistic. This will ensure that your material sounds real to readers while maintaining high standards of quality and originality.
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COMMENTS
Common types of limitations and their ramifications include: Theoretical: limits the scope, depth, or applicability of a study. Methodological: limits the quality, quantity, or diversity of the data. Empirical: limits the representativeness, validity, or reliability of the data. Analytical: limits the accuracy, completeness, or significance of ...
sentence tha. signals what you're about to discu. s. For example:"Our study had some limitations."Then, provide a concise sentence or two identifying each limitation and explaining how the limitation may have affected the quality. of the study. s findings and/or their applicability. For example:"First, owing to the rarity of the ...
Possible Limitations of the Researcher. Access-- if your study depends on having access to people, organizations, data, or documents and, for whatever reason, access is denied or limited in some way, the reasons for this needs to be described.Also, include an explanation why being denied or limited access did not prevent you from following through on your study.
The term "study limitations" refers to anything that may affect the reliability or generalizability of the results in a study or experiment. This could relate to the design of the research (e.g., your methods or research approach). Or it could be an issue with how the study was carried out (e.g., running out of time and resources before the ...
Step 1. Identify the limitation (s) of the study. This part should comprise around 10%-20% of your discussion of study limitations. The first step is to identify the particular limitation (s) that affected your study. There are many possible limitations of research that can affect your study, but you don't need to write a long review of all ...
Here are examples of limitations you may need to describe and to discuss how they possibly impacted your findings. Descriptions of limitations should be stated in the past tense. Possible Methodological Limitations. Sample size-- the number of the units of analysis you use in your study is dictated by the type of research problem you are ...
Limitations. Limitations of a dissertation are potential weaknesses in your study that are mostly out of your control, given limited funding, choice of research design, statistical model constraints, or other factors. In addition, a limitation is a restriction on your study that cannot be reasonably dismissed and can affect your design and results.
3. Identify your limitations of research and explain their importance. 4. Provide the necessary depth, explain their nature, and justify your study choices. 5. Write how you are suggesting that it is possible to overcome them in the future. Limitations can help structure the research study better.
Limitations are usually listed at the end of your Discussion section, though they can also be added throughout. Especially for a long manuscript or for an essay or dissertation, the latter may be useful for the reader. Writing on your limitations: Words and structure. This study did have some limitations. Three notable limitations affected this ...
Answer: The limitations of a study are its flaws or shortcomings which could be the result of unavailability of resources, small sample size, flawed methodology, etc. No study is completely flawless or inclusive of all possible aspects. Therefore, listing the limitations of your study reflects honesty and transparency and also shows that you ...
The 5-paragraph essay is a model that instructors use to teach students the essential elements of an excellent essay. It is used in standardized testing. ... Limitations of the Five-Paragraph Essay . The five-paragraph essay is merely a starting point for students hoping to express their ideas in academic writing; there are some other forms and ...
Here are 8 significant factors that constitute study limitations and caution that applies to each. Become familiar with the primary pitfalls associated with research and writing so that you can articulate the limitations appropriately and accurately. Photo Andrey Zvyagintsev from Unsplash. 1. Sample selection/profile/size.
an essay on this topic, and to hear your particular thesis argued— why that thesis isn't just obvious to all, ... offer a qualification or limitation to the case you have made (what you're not saying). The first of these kinds of reflection can come anywhere in an essay; the sec-
When writing about the limitations of a research study, it is important to be honest and clear about the potential weaknesses of your work. Here are some tips for writing about limitations in research: Identify the limitations: Start by identifying the potential limitations of your research. These may include sample size, selection bias ...
The five-paragraph essay is a writing structure typically taught in high school. Structurally, it consists of an introductory paragraph, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion. This clear structure helps students connect points into a succinct argument. It's a great introductory structure, but only using this writing formula has its limitations.
Label one as "advantages" and the other as "disadvantages" and write all the ideas that come to mind beneath each section. You should then add some details and examples under each idea, and ideally, you should decide on which advantages and disadvantages are the most crucial to your argument. 5. Choose a Side.
Writing the limitations of the research papers is often assumed to require lots of effort. However, identifying the limitations of the study can help structure the research better. Therefore, do not underestimate the importance of research study limitations. 3. Opportunity to make suggestions for further research.
Writing limitations should be a subjective process. That's because you must analyze the impacts of the limitations and include them in your paper. In this section, don't include the key weaknesses only. Instead, highlight the magnitude of the limitations of your research. And doing this requires you to demonstrate your study's validity.
Length requirements might increase. Others' expectations lie at the heart of the disadvantages. First, professors expect more sophisticated writing, even in subjects besides composition. Second, your boss probably won't expect you to write five-paragraph essays, so it's worthwhile to learn to structure writing differently.
Study limitations refer to those characteristics or constraints that hinder or influence the interpretation of the writer's findings from research. To put it simply, a limitation is any shortcoming that impacts a study and its outcomes. They are a normal part of any study, observational, or cross-sectional study.
Wesley finds the essays written in the five-paragraph format "turn out to be neatly packaged but intellectually vapid" (59). Burke also complains of many problems he sees resulting from the five-paragraph structure, but most apparent is the lack of analysis and depth of argument in thesse student essays.
Writing an essay develops our logic. Along with other subjects (for example, algebra and geometry), literature and text creation form logical thinking. The ability to skillfully, consistently, and logically state an idea is the basis of the skill of influence. It is a quality required for a successful expert: people with the skill of persuasion ...
Positive and negative outcomes of the rising population on the planet. The increasing lifespan of people: pros and cons. The ability to obtain a driver's license at sixteen vs. eighteen years old. The right to work without parents' permission at sixteen years old: pros and cons.
Essay On Advantages And Disadvantages Of Television Writing an essay on the advantages and disadvantages of television can be a challenging task, as it requires a balanced and insightful analysis of a widely debated subject. On one hand, television has revolutionized the way we receive information, connect with the world, and entertain ourselves. On the other hand, it has been criticized for ...
"There may be just a stylistic way of writing from back then, and if it was seen as successful, people would use that style in other languages," Gibson says. "I would guess that it's an accidental property of how the laws were written the first time, but we don't know that yet."
Step 3: Write Simultaneously: The writing can be continued on the left-hand side of the screen. This view helps keep writing in sync with the AI, without jumping around different interfaces. Write Simultaneously. Step 4: Adopt AI Suggestions: Implement all the inferences and AI suggestions to enrich the write-up. It will allow you to come ...