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UPSC Essay Topics 2024 - Topic-Wise Essay Questions

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The UPSC Civil Services mains exam includes UPSC essay topics paper out of 9 papers. Candidates can check trending UPSC CSE essay topics here. These UPSC Essay questions range from multiple topics like Economic Growth, Art & Culture, Women Empowerment, Media & Society, etc. UPSC IAS essay topics are significant for candidates to clear the mains paper 1 of UPSC IAS exam .

New:  UPSC IAS 2024 application OUT; Direct link

Latest: UPSC CSE sample papers | Complete guide

Also See:  UPSC IAS Mains question papers (2016-23)

UPSC IAS essay exam topics play a vital role in UPSC IAS exam. UPSC IAS mains paper carries 250 marks and aspirants are asked to write at least 2 essays between 1000 to 1200 words in 3 hours. Aspirants need to analyse UPSC essays from last year's question papers to get an idea about UPSC CSE Essay topics. Practising IAS topics from previous years' papers assists candidates to clear the UPSC IAS exam 2024 easily. Candidates are required to read daily newspapers to get a clear idea about UPSC IAS essay 2024 exam topics.

UPSC IAS Essay Topics 2024

UPSC CSE essay paper is one of the 9 papers of the UPSC IAS mains examination. The IAS essay paper analysis is the perspective of aspirants on economic, social and political issues. UPSC usually takes IAS essay questions either from Current Affairs or affecting present society to a large extent. A few of the engaging UPSC CSE 2024 essay questions can be asked from the UPSC 2024 IAS exam.

Social Media

Surveillance/Privacy

Urbanisation

Globalisation

Bureaucracy

Water Security

Media Tourism

Constitution

Food Hunger/Poverty/Security

Human Resources - Employment

Development

Higher Education/Education/Foreign University in Higher Education

UPSC CSE Essay Questions - Previous Years

Aspirants must be aware of the latest trends of the IAS exam pattern 2024 for mains. Candidates will come to know about the types of IAS essay topics asked and important recent essay questions. The UPSC CSE essay topics asked in the IAS Mains exam in previous years are detailed below.

UPSC IAS Essay Topic 2023

Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.

Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.

Not all who wander are lost.

Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.

Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands - two equally harmful disciplines.

Mathematics is the music of reason

A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity

Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.

Previous year

Poets are the harmony of the world.

Forests can be the main area of discussion for economic excellence.

History of battle between scientific man and romantic man.

Ship in the Harbour is secured but not for that case.

When the sun shines, the roof needs repair.

Move twice on the same river.

A smile is a solution to all problems.

Topic-Wise UPSC IAS Essay Questions

Every year, the Union Public Service Commission tends to give two or more essays from one of the 9 subjects in the UPSC CSE 2024 exam. To write about these IAS essay questions, candidates must go through reference books on these subjects to get a clear picture of the CSE Essay topics.

1. Environment/Urbanization

Protection of Ecology and Environment

Urbanisation and its side-effects

Must a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in the tribal areas?

Brave human laws can’t resist natural laws.

2. Economic Sectors/MNCs

Multinational Corporations

BPO boom in India.

Special Economic zone - boon or bane?

Globalisation would finish small sectors.

Are traditional handcrafts finishing up slowly?

The Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model of development is more than a boon in the Indian Context.

Tourism can be the next big thing for India.

3. Education

Restructuring of the Indian Education System

Irrelevance of the classroom

Privatisation of Higher Education in India

Modern technological education and human values

What is real education?

The new emerging women's power

Greater political power will not wash out women’s plight

The woman is God’s best creation

Challenges and Prospects of Women's Empowerment

Empowerment cannot help our women

Whether women’s emancipation

If women ruled the world

The hand that rocks the cradle

Women’s reservation bill

Managing Work and Home

If development is not engendered, it is endangered.

The fulfilment of a ‘new woman’ in India is a myth.

5. Character

Attitude makes habit, habit makes character and character makes a man.

Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin.

The character of an Institution is reflected in its leader.

Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.

Joy is the easiest form of Gratitude.

A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.

A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both

Custom morality can be a path to modern life.

6. Globalisation

Modernisation and Westernisation are not similar concepts.

The implication of globalisation in India.

The world of the 21st century.

Nationalism vs Globalization.

Globalisation and its effect on Indian culture.

The masks of new imperialism

My vision of the ideal world order.

Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role.

7. Science and Technology

The modern doctor and its patients.

Value-based education and science

Spirituality and scientific temper

The lure of space.

The march of Science and erosion of human values.

Science and Mysticism

Science and Technology are the panaceas for the growth and security of the nation.

Technology cannot replace manpower.

Alternative technology for a climate change resilient India.

8. International Organizations/Relations

Significance of Indo-US nuclear agreement.

Good fences make good neighbours.

Restructuring of UNO reflects present realities.

Has the Non-Alignment Movement lost its relevance in the multipolar world?

9. Security

Tourism and World Peace

Are we in a ‘soft’ state?

Both human intelligence and technical intelligence are important in combating terrorism.

10. Internet/IT

The cyberworld: its charm and challenges.

Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to human civilization in the long run.

Social media is inherently is selfish medium

A rapid increase in computerization would lead to the creation of a dehumanised society.

11. Media & Society

Misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India.

Mass Media and Cultural Invasion.

Responsibility of media in a democracy.

How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets?

Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it?

Is string operation an invasion of privacy?

How to Bring a Good Score on UPSC IAS Essay Topics?

Writing is a way to improve your thought process. It should be exactly what the examiner needs while accessing your written UPSC essay answer scripts. An essay is a well-structured collection of thoughts on any specific topic. The art to score high on the UPSC IAS mains paper 1 requires immense practice and perseverance. The UPSC Essay is never merely a test of factual knowledge but a test of creativity and spirit. To score good marks in UPSC CSE essay questions, follow the steps given below.

1. Choose IAS Essay Topics Carefully

The UPSC IAS Essay paper comprises two sections and candidates need to write one essay from each of the two given sections. Both UPSC essays are of 125 marks each of 1000-1200 words. Before choosing a UPSC essay topic, think over the topic whether it is controversial or you have enough data to write it.

2. Ponder the topic

While selecting the UPSC IAS essay question, think over the topic and select the main keywords that you are going to use during writing the essay. Implement a multi-dimensional approach to it and try to curate a good structure intro body and conclusion.

3. Curate Well

The introduction paragraph is the heart of the UPSC CSE essay topics and must have a concise and clear thought about the topic. The basic theme should be to talk about your views on the topic. The main body of the UPSC Essay should be divided into small paragraphs but must be well interlinked. The UPSC essay topic language should be lucid, convenient and easy to understand. The essay must evaluate your critical thinking ability rather than using decorative words. If needed, candidates must use data and facts. The usage of sayings and quotes adds weight to the UPSC Essay questions. The conclusion paragraph must be seen as self-explanatory. Candidates must have a balanced approach to UPSC IAS essay questions.

4. Go through ABC of Essay Writing

The ABC of UPSC essay writing must stand for appropriateness, brevity and consistency of UPSC essay topics. Following this rule will assist candidates while writing the UPSC CSE essay questions.

Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

UPSC Essay question papers have two sections with 4 to 5 essays each. A candidate must write two UPSC IAS essay topics, one from each section consisting of 1000-1200 words. The UPSC Essay paper is 250 marks and each essay contributes 125 marks.

A score of 125 and above is considered a good mark in Essay topics UPSC while a score between 100-120 is average. However, it’s not easy to score marks on paper if you haven’t prepared well enough. So, prepare well in the best possible method for UPSC IAS essay questions.

To start practising UPSC IAS essay topics, candidates must keep the following points in mind.

Read the best UPSC daily newspapers.

Highlight crucial lines or quotes and write them differently.

Practise one previous year's UPSC essay topic for at least a week and obtain it for peer review.

Use normal creative language while writing.

Implement integrated attitude thinking.

UPSC IAS 2023 essay topics can be divided into four categories - argumentative, expository, narrative and descriptive essays. The essay must be written in such a way that it would provide meaningful information to the reader.

Most of the UPSC IAS essay topics asked in the UPSC IAS exam are taken from Democracy and Bureaucracy, Administration, Politics, Economic Growth, Judiciary, Poverty, Indian Culture, Media, Justice, Environmental Pollution, Quotes, Women, Education, Globalization, Science & technology, etc. Candidates must pay attention more to these subjects while preparing UPSC CSE essay questions.

To write a good essay, you need to understand the topic properly so that you will be able to explain it in a proper way. During preparation, keep making notes and read the newspaper daily. You can listen to podcasts on various topics to develop a deep understanding.

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Questions related to UPSC CSE

Dear Aspirant !

Hope you are fine!

The main subjects for the UPSC Exam are Indian Politics, Indian Economy, International Relations, Science and Technology, Geography, History, Environment and Ecology, and related Current Affairs . There are 25 subjects and 23 literature optional that one can choose from in addition to this..

Hello aspirant,

With the help of the IAS Answer Key 2024, applicants can estimate their potential score for the IAS preliminary exam, learn about the various IAS question types, gauge the exam's difficulty, and much more.

To get the answer key, you can visit our website by clicking on the link given below.

https://competition.careers360.com/articles/upsc-ias-answer-key

Hope this information helps you.

You will meet the eligibility criteria for the UPSC exam in 2026. This is because the UPSC requires candidates to be at least 21 years old as of August 1st in the year they intend to take the examination. According to your provided date of birth, you will turn 21 on March 15, 2026, which is before the August 1, 2026, deadline for eligibility. Therefore, you will become eligible to take the UPSC exam in 2026, specifically for the UPSC 2026 examination cycle.

For detailed  information related to UPSC eligibility criteria ,  you can visit our page at:

https://competition.careers360.com/articles/upsc-ias-eligibility-criteria/amp

For detail examination pattern check out :- https://competition.careers360.com/articles/upsc-ias-exam-pattern

Hello candidate ,

I am hoping that you are absolutely fine and doing well. As per your mentioned query, you will be glad to know that if you are a diploma holder still you can give the UPSC civil services exam. As per the eligibility criteria of this exam , candidate of any graduation course in any discipline from a recognised university as laid down under the law can give the exam of IAS. This exam is very reputed exam. And also very challenging one if you want to crack this exam you have to work very hard.

To know more about this exam , kindly go through the given link:

https://competition.careers360.com/articles/upsc-ias-eligibility-criteria

I hope this will be helpful for you!!

you can choose any undergraduate course of your choice, but it is recommended to choose a course that aligns with the UPSC syllabus. Subjects such as history, public administration, economics, political science and sociology can be helpful in preparing for the exam.

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Transportation Planner

A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

An expert in plumbing is aware of building regulations and safety standards and works to make sure these standards are upheld. Testing pipes for leakage using air pressure and other gauges, and also the ability to construct new pipe systems by cutting, fitting, measuring and threading pipes are some of the other more involved aspects of plumbing. Individuals in the plumber career path are self-employed or work for a small business employing less than ten people, though some might find working for larger entities or the government more desirable.

Construction Manager

Individuals who opt for a career as construction managers have a senior-level management role offered in construction firms. Responsibilities in the construction management career path are assigning tasks to workers, inspecting their work, and coordinating with other professionals including architects, subcontractors, and building services engineers.

Urban Planner

Urban Planning careers revolve around the idea of developing a plan to use the land optimally, without affecting the environment. Urban planning jobs are offered to those candidates who are skilled in making the right use of land to distribute the growing population, to create various communities. 

Urban planning careers come with the opportunity to make changes to the existing cities and towns. They identify various community needs and make short and long-term plans accordingly.

Highway Engineer

Highway Engineer Job Description:  A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.

Environmental Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems. 

Naval Architect

A Naval Architect is a professional who designs, produces and repairs safe and sea-worthy surfaces or underwater structures. A Naval Architect stays involved in creating and designing ships, ferries, submarines and yachts with implementation of various principles such as gravity, ideal hull form, buoyancy and stability. 

Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

Veterinary Doctor

Pathologist.

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

Speech Therapist

Gynaecologist.

Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth. 

An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

Hospital Administrator

The hospital Administrator is in charge of organising and supervising the daily operations of medical services and facilities. This organising includes managing of organisation’s staff and its members in service, budgets, service reports, departmental reporting and taking reminders of patient care and services.

For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

Video Game Designer

Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.

Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

Radio Jockey

Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

Choreographer

The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.

Videographer

Multimedia specialist.

A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications. 

Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

Copy Writer

In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism , Advertising , Marketing Management . Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook. 

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. 

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

Linguistic meaning is related to language or Linguistics which is the study of languages. A career as a linguistic meaning, a profession that is based on the scientific study of language, and it's a very broad field with many specialities. Famous linguists work in academia, researching and teaching different areas of language, such as phonetics (sounds), syntax (word order) and semantics (meaning). 

Other researchers focus on specialities like computational linguistics, which seeks to better match human and computer language capacities, or applied linguistics, which is concerned with improving language education. Still, others work as language experts for the government, advertising companies, dictionary publishers and various other private enterprises. Some might work from home as freelance linguists. Philologist, phonologist, and dialectician are some of Linguist synonym. Linguists can study French , German , Italian . 

Public Relation Executive

Travel journalist.

The career of a travel journalist is full of passion, excitement and responsibility. Journalism as a career could be challenging at times, but if you're someone who has been genuinely enthusiastic about all this, then it is the best decision for you. Travel journalism jobs are all about insightful, artfully written, informative narratives designed to cover the travel industry. Travel Journalist is someone who explores, gathers and presents information as a news article.

Quality Controller

A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product. 

A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

Production Manager

Merchandiser.

A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans. 

Metallurgical Engineer

A metallurgical engineer is a professional who studies and produces materials that bring power to our world. He or she extracts metals from ores and rocks and transforms them into alloys, high-purity metals and other materials used in developing infrastructure, transportation and healthcare equipment. 

Azure Administrator

An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems. 

AWS Solution Architect

An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party. 

Computer Programmer

Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

ITSM Manager

Information security manager.

Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack 

Business Intelligence Developer

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Important Essay Topics for UPSC Mains Exam

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With every passing day, the democratic setup of India is strengthening, so are its administrative wings where transparency and accountability are evident. Well, it gives credibility to the fact that there are top administrative officers whose brilliant performance is at par excellence. Amid rigorous competition, UPSC ( Union Public Service Commission ) gets efficient candidates on-board who crack this toughest exam in India to serve the nation. This competitive examination includes 3 steps, Prelims, Mains and Personal Interview. Nevertheless, it’s a daunting task to crack such exam without meticulous preparation and strategies. In this blog, we have collated information related to the UPSC essay writing topics and their related components. It is paramount to have a tap on all those important UPSC Essay Topics which have been widely asked in previous years question papers .

Let’s take a look at important UPSC essay writing topics , you need to start practicing:

Social Topics

• Literacy and education.
• Modernization and Westernization in India
• Gender Equality-problems and perspectives
• Information Revolution and its increasing effects
• Consumerist culture and its effects.
• Reservation: Need, problems and solutions
• The issue of child labour: what to do?
• The mentality of misusing freedom
• Composite culture of India
• Rewriting of History
• The problem of conversion and its solution
• Uniform Civil Code: Need and perspective
• Sustainable Development
• Population Explosion:  Problem and solution
• Indian nationalism: Nature and perspectives
• The freedom of expression and its limitations.
• Socialism: An irrelevant ideology
• The responsibilities of Journalism
• Human Rights: Need of every human being        
• Corruption: A part of our way of life
• The problem of language and its solution             
• Need of saving childhood
• Youth unrest: Causes and solutions
• The problem of vulgarity
• Need for a youth and culture policy
• Indian culture: Unity in Diversity.

Like above questions Mirant Parikh, IAS(AIR 67, CSE 2016) has written Essay on one of above questions:

Click here for Full Copy

Political topics.

• India as a soft state
• The Constitutional Review: need and perspective
• The need of interaction between administration and public
• Every right is attached with a duty.
• The criminalization of politics
• Political instability: A hurdle in national development
• Achievements and failures of Democracy in India
• Is India really a secular state?
• Parliamentary Democracy: situation, problems and solutions
• Corruption in politics
• Judicial Activism
• The need of sensible administration
• National Security: Challenges and hopes
• Democracy: A way of life
• Kashmir problem: Need of a proper solution
• Coalition politics: past, present and future
• The gifts of Democracy: Casteism, Regionalism and Communalism.

Economic Topics

• India in the age of privatization, liberalization and globalization.
• New economic policies and the ideal of Democratic Socialism
• Poverty and socialism: the Indian contradiction
• New economic policies: oceans of poverty and islands of wealth
• Regional imbalance in development
• Human resource development and management.

International Topics

• The problems of third world countries
• The problem of international terrorism
• India's contribution to the world
• United Nations: Evaluation
• Human Rights: A universal propaganda
• Indian foreign policy: Need of restructuring
• India and its neighboring countries
• Idealism and pragmatism in foreign policy.

Mock answer by Mirant Parikh, IAS (AIR 67, CSE 2016)

Click here for full copy

Philosophical/imaginative topics.

• God is a subject of belief, not of reason
• The philosophy of post-modernism in context of India
• India's basic philosophy and its effect on our society
• Religion and Politics: the professions without capital
• 'Who cares’: the basic of youth culture.

Other topics

• New concepts of alternative medicine: Realities about them
• Natural disasters: the management of rescue
• Need of a sport policy for India
• Environment Protection: problem and solution.

Essay Preparation Strategy By: Mirant Parikh (AIR 67, CSE 2016)

Apart from these topics, candidates should browse through articles, columns, features of newspapers, magazines, journals for the preparation of good essays. Regular clippings and jotting down of important points on the side of clipped topics will ease your time and tension while giving a cursory look during the UPSC IAS examination period.

Verifying, please be patient.

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Essay Topics and Previous papers for UPSC Civil service exam

List of essay topics.

• [Essay] No man ever steps in the same river twice, for it’s not the same river and he’s not the same man. — HERACLITUS
• [Mock] Essay Paper for UPSC Mains-2016: Identity Groups vs Democracy, Chakra vs Charkha, Wisdom vs Force, UBI vs Skill Development
• [Mock] Essay Paper for UPSC Mains-2016: Role of Educator, Taste for Literature, Cost of Liberty, Success in Dictionary
• [Essays] February Week2: Equidistant diplomacy, Strategic Autonomy without Military Alliance, Censorship & Moral responsibility
• [Essays] February Week1: Censorship of Ideas, Acts of Kindness, Childhood to Adulthood, consciously secular society
• [Essays] January Week4: Socialist Preamble, Democracy without participation, women-the deities of household fire
• [Essays] January Week3: Ideological Colonization, Dovish vs Hawkish Foreign Policy, limits of free speech
• [Essays] January Week2: competitive vs. cooperative federalism, God above all gods, Suicide- a social shame
• [Essays] January 2015 Week1: Religion-A form of Enslavement, Market Oriented Education, Constructive Criticism
• [Essays] December Week4: Apoplectic Secularism, Syncretism, Spiritual Alzheimer, Pragmatic Diplomacy
• [Essays] December Week1: Social suffocation, true Sovereignty, Arc of revanchist states
• [Essays] November Week4: Classical Arts, Security Trilemma, Think in India, Soullessness of men
• [Essays] November Week3: Garrison Governance, Dignity of Labour, Rationalist Thinking, Age of Knowledge
• [Essays] November Week2: Nehru legacy, knowledge society, age of discontinuity (only Topiclists)
• [Essays] November Week1: New Urbanism, Regional Chauvinism, Majoritarian Populism
• [Essays] October Week4: End of American Century, Activism vs Restrain, Censorship vs Lynching
• [Essays] October Week3: Militant Atheism, Rational Consumption, Ecocide, Prosperity without Morality
• [Essays] October Week2: Corruption, Child Labour, Probity, Good Governance, Injustice, Optimism
• [Essays] October Week1: Colonization, Gandhiism, Volunteerism, Personification, Social Transformation
• [Essays] September Week4: De-bureaucratizing the executive, Hidden Euthanasia, Gender equality
• [Essays] September Week3: India-China, Zero Sum Game, Parliamentary minority, Daughter aversion
• [Essays] September Week2: 21 Topics for UPSC Mains: Fanaticism, Colonizing Culture, Age of Loneliness, piecemeal WW-III
• [Essays] September Week1: 16 Topics for UPSC Mains- Expansionism, Buried Justice, India-the Model international citizen
• [Download] Essay 2013 Question Paper of UPSC Civil Service Mains
• [Essay Tip for Newcomers] What to write & What not to write in Mains IAS exam?

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Important UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years: Download PDF

Annesha Deb ,

Mar 4, 2024 | UPSC CSAT

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The judiciary, economics, society, government policies, geography, science and technology, and federalism are some areas for UPSC essay topics. Students have to answer 1 essay topic from Sections A and B.

The UPSC Essay Topics 2023 are segmented into two sections - Section A and B with 4 topics each. The topics are "Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team", "Visionary decision-making at the intersection of intuition and logic", "Not all who wander are lost".

UPSC essay topics are from various areas: Administration, Democracy/India since Independence, Judiciary, Economics, Federalism, Decentralisation, Indian culture and Society, Environment, Socialisation, and Science & Technology. The essay questions are part of civil services mains exams. Each essay topic must be written within 1000 to 1200 words. 

Table of Contents

• UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years PDFs: Download Link

UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years

How to prepare for upsc essay topics, upsc essay topics from previous years pdfs.

In the table below are the UPSC essay topics from the previous years. These are the official PDFs. Students can download the PDFs by clicking on the links. 

UPSC essay topics are divided into two sections: Sections A and B. Students have to choose their desired topic. There are 4 topics in each section. Here are the UPSC essay topics from 2023 to 2014. 

UPSC Essay Topics 2023

Upsc essay topics 2022, upsc essay topics 2021, upsc essay topics 2020, upsc essay topics 2019, upsc essay topics 2018, upsc essay topics 2017, upsc essay topics 2016, upsc essay topics 2015, upsc essay topics 2014.

• Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team 
• Visionary decision-making at the intersection of intuition and logic
• Not all who wander are lost
• Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane
• Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands - two equally harmful disciplines
• Mathematics is the music of reason
• A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity
• Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school
• Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence.
• Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world.
• History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man.
• A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not what ship is for.
• The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
• You cannot step twice in the same river.
• A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
• Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Also Check : UPSC Toppers Answer Sheet: Download PDF

• The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. 
• Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. 
• Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
• The real is rational and the rational is real.
• Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
• What is research, but a blind date with knowledge! 
• History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
• There are better practices to "best practices".

Also Check : How to Crack UPSC?

• Life is long journey between human being and being humane.
• Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.
• Ships do not sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
• Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication. 
• Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.
• There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless.
• Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
• Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

Also Check : Easiest Optional Subjects for UPSC

• Wisdom finds truth.
• Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be.
• Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society.
• Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success.
• South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities.
• Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.
• Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.
• Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.
• Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.
• A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
• Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.
• Management of Indian border disputes-a complex task.
• The past' is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
• A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both.
• Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it.
• Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. 
• Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India.
• Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.
• Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world? 
• Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
• Fulfilment of 'new woman' in India is a myth.
• We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws.
• Social media' is inherently a selfish medium. 
• If development is not engendered, it is endangered.
• Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.
• Water disputes between States in federal India.
• Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. 
• Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality.
• Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run.
• Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms.
• Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality.
• Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
• Quick but steady wins the race. 
• Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
•  Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever  devil. 
• Technology cannot replace manpower. 
• Crisis faced in India - moral or economic.
• Dreams which should not let India sleep.
• Can capitalism bring inclusive growth ?
• With greater power comes greater responsibility.
• Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
• Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? 
• Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.
• Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
• Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? 
• Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India?
• Tourism Can this be the next big thing for India?

Preparation for UPSC essay topics is important. One hundred twenty-five marks are allotted to each topic, and the total marks for the paper are 250. 

Therefore, here are some of the preparation tips:

• Research for Topics: Students are advised to review the popular essay topics. Do a thorough research on the topic and support the essay with facts. 
• List Down the Topics: Once the topics are gathered, students must divide them into judiciary, polity, administration, society, economics, etc. This process helps in collecting supporting information quickly. 
• Know the Latest Events: UPSC essay topics are usually from the latest events. The knowledge of events is tested; students must watch the news or read Pratiyogita Darpan to know the latest events. 
• Practice Writing: The writing has to be fast and precise. Students must choose a topic, start writing on it, and time themselves. 
• Proofread: Students must also proofread their essay topics if there are mistakes that will cost them a deduction of marks.

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UPSC Essay Syllabus 2023

Home » UPSC Essay Syllabus 2023

• June 3, 2023

UPSC Essay Syllabus:

candidates are expected to ‘keep closely to the subject’ of the essay and arrange their ideas in an ‘orderly fashion’. Credit will be given for ‘effective and exact expression’.

Basics of essay paper:

• Essay Significance : Worth 250 marks – can significantly impact your score.
• Generalist Approach : It’s about broad understanding and communication, not specialist knowledge.
• Time Management : Crucial for success – practice writing within time constraints.
• Prepared Content : Beneficial, but ensure it’s adaptable to different topics.
• Address Weaknesses : Important to improve areas like grammar, spelling, or handwriting.
• Grammar/Spelling : Yes, they matter for clear communication.
• Handwriting : Legibility is key – poor handwriting could affect readability.

3 ELEMENTS OF ESSAY:

• Choosing a Topic:
• Pick a topic you’re knowledgeable about and interested in.
• Ensure it’s a topic you can write extensively and insightfully on.
• Consider a topic with potential for a diverse range of arguments.
• Interpreting the Topic:
• Understand exactly what the topic is asking for – look for keywords and phrases.
• Consider different perspectives of the topic to gain a comprehensive understanding.
• Research the topic to ensure you’re well-informed about all aspects.
• Structure of the Essay :
• Introduction : Present your topic and thesis statement.
• Body : Develop your arguments and provide supporting evidence.
• Conclusion : Recap your main points and provide a final thought or implication.

How to Choose a topic

• Choosing a Topic :
• Adequate Content : Select a topic on which you have sufficient knowledge to write a comprehensive essay.
• Risk and Returns : Avoid choosing a difficult topic just to stand out. Common topics are less risky and ensure average returns, while difficult topics pose high risks with uncertain returns.
• Broad/General Topics : These are preferable as they make it easier to generate extensive content.
• Discuss Both Sides : Opt for a topic that allows you to present balanced viewpoints. This approach not only broadens your essay content but also demonstrates your ability to consider multiple perspectives.
• Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence : This topic calls for a deep understanding of ecological economics, sustainable development, and environmental studies. If you are well-versed in these areas, this could be a great choice. The broad scope allows for a rich, diverse discussion.
• Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world : This topic requires a strong understanding of literature, societal impact of poetry, and its intersection with politics and societal norms. If you are comfortable discussing the role of literature and art in society, this topic could be an excellent choice.
• History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man : If you have a solid understanding of the history of scientific and romantic (artistic, emotional, intuitive) thought and their influence over time, this could be a compelling topic. It requires a deep dive into intellectual history and philosophy.
• A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for : This topic is a metaphorical statement that can be interpreted in many ways, relating to risk, purpose, exploration, comfort zones, etc. It is a broad topic that could apply to various areas, from personal growth to political policies.
• Interpreting the Topic :
• Understand the Topic and its Demands : Carefully read the topic and ensure you comprehend its demands accurately. Identify the underlying theme, the perspectives it implies, and the kind of discussion it’s asking for.
• Create the Skeletal Structure of Your Essay : This step involves:
• Identifying Key Terms : Spot the important words or phrases in the topic that hold the essence of what needs to be addressed. These will guide the direction of your essay.
• Developing Linkages Between Terms : Determine how these key terms relate to each other within the context of the topic. This will provide a framework for your arguments and help maintain the coherence of your essay.

For example, in the topic “Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence”, the key terms might be “forests”, “case studies”, and “economic excellence”. You would then develop linkages between these terms, such as how forests (through sustainable use, ecosystem services, etc.) can serve as case studies illustrating economic excellence.

2A. Interpreting the Topic Correctly :

• Rephrase the Topic as a Question : This technique can help you better understand the demand of the topic. For example, “Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence” could be rephrased as “How can forests serve as the best case studies for economic excellence?”.
• Agreement/Disagreement : Determine whether you agree or disagree with the proposed question.
• If you agree or disagree, ensure you have compelling arguments to support your stance.
• If the topic is informative, aim to discuss it from various perspectives.

Dimensions to Explore in an Informative Topic :

Depending on the subject of your essay, you might explore the topic through different dimensions, such as:

• Technological
• Humanitarian
• Philosophical
• Environmental

Here’s an example of how to interpret these topics:

2B. Creating the Skeletal Structure of Your Essay :

• Identify Key Terms : Read the topic thoroughly and highlight the important terms or phrases that encapsulate the essence of what you’re asked to discuss.
• Understand Linkages : Determine how the key terms are connected within the context of the topic. Understanding these linkages will guide your arguments and maintain the coherence of your essay.
• Create a Checklist : Formulate a list of the points your essay must address, based on the key terms and their linkages.

This would help you differentiate between a substandard and a good essay:

• A substandard essay merely provides information on the terms, with weak or absent linkages.
• A good essay , on the other hand:
• Explains the key terms in detail.
• Elucidates the connections between these terms.
• Elaborates on these connections, supporting them with relevant evidence.

Here’s how you might create a skeletal structure for these essay topics:

Here’s a concise way to represent your provided essay structure in table format:

here’s how to write an effective introduction for your essay:

here’s how to effectively write a conclusion for your essay:

ESSAY PAPER – UPSC Civil Services Mains – 2022

1. Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence

2. Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world

3. History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man

4. A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for

5. The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining

6. You cannot step twice in the same river

7. A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities

8. Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Avoiding Common Pitfalls in UPSC Civil Services Exam Essay Writing

Avoid One-Dimensional Approach :

• Essays should be expansive and multi-dimensional, not overly focused on one aspect like history or politics.

Don’t Deviate from the Topic :

• Even if passionate about a topic, always write what is asked, not just what you know or feel.
• Regularly check if your essay is aligned with the question to prevent steering away from the topic.

Avoid Abstract Topics if Not Comfortable :

• If uncomfortable with abstract philosophical topics, it’s best to avoid such questions.
• Selecting an unpopular topic just for the sake of it can be unwise.

Understand Technical Terms :

• If the question contains a technical term, ensure you understand it correctly before writing.
• Misunderstanding can lead to generic writing, affecting your score.

Avoid Extreme or Unpopular Opinions :

• When taking a stance on an issue, avoid extreme or highly unpopular views to minimize risk.
• Present arguments for both sides, and conclude on a balanced note.

No Ranting :

• Present both positive and negative aspects of a topic, even if you have a personal bias.
• The essay should end on a balanced note.

Equal Time Investment :

• Both essays carry equal marks, so invest equal time in each.
• Avoid dedicating disproportionate time to one essay at the expense of the other.

Effective Paragraph Transition Techniques in Essay Writing

1. Link Sentences :

• Description : Conclude the paragraph with a sentence that prepares the reader for the next topic.
• Example : If you’re discussing the impact of climate change on the global economy, you could end with, “Beyond the economic disruption, climate change poses significant threats to global health.” The following paragraph could then dive into the health consequences of climate change.

2. Transitional Questions :

• Description : Guide your reader to the next topic by posing a question at the end of a paragraph.
• Example : After discussing the economic impacts of climate change, you could ask, “While the economic implications are considerable, how is climate change influencing global health?” The next paragraph would then unpack this question.

3. Signaling Shifts at the Start of a New Paragraph :

• Description : Begin the new paragraph with a word or phrase that signals a transition to a new subtopic.
• Example : In an essay on Climate Change, if you’ve discussed its economic impact, the next paragraph can start with, “In addition to its economic effects, climate change also profoundly impacts global health…” This prepares the reader for a shift in the discussion towards health-related consequences of climate change.

Implementing these transition techniques helps to maintain a logical flow in your essay, making it easier for the reader to follow your argument.

Previous Years Essay Topics: (2015-2022):

Philosophical Essay Topics:

• Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
• Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.
• Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
• A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
• Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success.
• Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
• Quick but steady wins the race.
• Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life.
• ‘The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
• A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both.
• Reality does not confirm to the ideal, but confirms it.
• Wisdom finds truth.
• Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be.
• Life is a long journey between human being and being humane.
• Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.
• The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
• Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.
• History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
• You cannot step twice in the same river.
• A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
• Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.
• Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
• What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
• There are better practices to “best practices”.
• Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil.
• Best for an individual is not necessarily best for society.
• Ships do not sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
• The real is rational and the rational is real.
• Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
• The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.

Socio-Economic Essay Topics:

• Crisis faced in India – moral or economic.
• Can capitalism bring inclusive growth?
• Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms.
• Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality.
• If development is not engendered, it is endangered.
• Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare.
• Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India.
• Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for the majority of farmers in India.
• Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.
• Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.
• There can be no social justice without economic prosperity, but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless.

Women issues:

• Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
• Fulfillment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth.

Science and Tech:

• Technology cannot replace manpower.
• Cyberspace and internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run.
• Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.
• Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.
• Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

Environmental:

• Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence.

International Relations:

• Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world?
• South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities.

Polity and Governance:

• Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality.
• Water disputes between States in federal India.
• We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws.
• Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task.

List of quotes:

1. Democracy and Politics

• “Democracy is the government of the people, by the people, for the people.” – Abraham Lincoln
• “The ballot is stronger than the bullet.” – Abraham Lincoln
• “Democracy is a device that ensures we shall be governed no better than we deserve.” – George Bernard Shaw
• “The power to question is the basis of all human progress.” – Indira Gandhi
• “Democracy means nothing if people are not able to work the democracy for the common good.” – Chandra Bhushan

2. Environment and Sustainability

• “The Earth does not belong to us: we belong to the Earth.” – Marlee Matlin
• “We do not inherit the earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.” – Native American Proverb
• “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed.” – Mahatma Gandhi
• “In the end, we will conserve only what we love, we will love only what we understand, and we will understand only what we are taught.” – Baba Dioum
• “There are no passengers on Spaceship Earth. We are all crew.” – Marshall McLuhan

3. Education and Knowledge

• “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” – Nelson Mandela
• “The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet.” – Aristotle
• “Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.” – W.B. Yeats
• “Education is the best friend. An educated person is respected everywhere.” – Chanakya
• “Real education enhances the dignity of a human being and increases his or her self-respect.” – A.P.J Abdul Kalam

4. Women Empowerment

• “There is no tool for development more effective than the empowerment of women.” – Kofi Annan
• “A woman with a voice is by definition a strong woman.” – Melinda Gates
• “If you want something said, ask a man; if you want something done, ask a woman.” – Margaret Thatcher
• “To call woman the weaker sex is a libel; it is man’s injustice to woman.” – Mahatma Gandhi
• “Our progress as a nation can be no swifter than our progress in education. The human mind is our fundamental resource.” – John F. Kennedy

5. Ethics and Morality

• “The only way to deal with an unfree world is to become so absolutely free that your very existence is an act of rebellion.” – Albert Camus
• “The time is always right to do what is right.” – Martin Luther King Jr.
• “Honesty is the first chapter in the book of wisdom.” – Thomas Jefferson
• “The greatness of humanity is not in being human, but in being humane.” – Mahatma Gandhi
• “Morality is the basis of things and truth is the substance of all morality.” – Mahatma Gandhi

6. Technology and Progress

• “Technology is a useful servant but a dangerous master.” – Christian Lous Lange
• “The science of today is the technology of tomorrow.” – Edward Teller
• “Science and technology revolutionize our lives, but memory, tradition and myth frame our response.” – Arthur Schlesinger
• “For me, there are two types of people: the young and the experienced.” – A.P.J Abdul Kalam
• “The human spirit must prevail over technology.” – Albert Einstein

7. Social Issues and Equality

• “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.” – Martin Luther King Jr.
• “Our ability to reach unity in diversity will be the beauty and the test of our civilization.” – Mahatma Gandhi
• “Social justice cannot be attained by violence. Violence kills what it intends to create.” – Pope John Paul II
• “Poverty is the worst form of violence.” – Mahatma Gandhi
• “Change does not roll in on the wheels of inevitability, but comes through continuous struggle.” – Martin Luther King Jr.

Conclusion Phrases and Quotes for Essay Writing:

• “Satyameva Jayate” (Truth alone triumphs) – Mundaka Upanishad
• “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” (The world is one family) – Maha Upanishad
• “Aano bhadra krtavo yantu vishwatah” (Let noble thoughts come to me from all directions) – Rigveda
• “Ahimsa paramo dharmah” (Non-violence is the highest duty) – Mahabharata
• “Tamso ma jyotirgamaya” (Lead me from darkness to light) – Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
• “Sarve Bhavantu Sukhinah” (May all be happy) – Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
• “Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high; Where knowledge is free” – Rabindranath Tagore
• “You must be the change you wish to see in the world.” – Mahatma Gandhi
• “In the end, it’s not the years in your life that count, it’s the life in your years.” – Abraham Lincoln
• “Unity in diversity is India’s strength. There is simplicity in every Indian. There is unity in every corner of India. This is our strength.” – Narendra Modi
• “Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action.” – A.P.J Abdul Kalam
• “Arise, awake, and stop not till the goal is reached.” – Swami Vivekananda
• “The future depends on what we do in the present.” – Mahatma Gandhi
• “To succeed in your mission, you must have single-minded devotion to your goal.” – A.P.J Abdul Kalam
• “The biggest guru-mantra is: Never share your secrets with anybody. It will destroy you.” – Chanakya
• “Change is the law of the universe. You can be a millionaire, or a pauper in an instant.” – Bhagavad Gita
• “Every act is righteous which is performed with the knowledge of our duty, without attachment.” – Bhagavad Gita
• “To believe in something, and not to live it, is dishonest.” – Mahatma Gandhi
• “Whatever happened, happened for the good. Whatever is happening, is happening for the good. Whatever will happen, will also happen for the good.” – Bhagavad Gita
• “We are what our thoughts have made us; so take care about what you think. Words are secondary. Thoughts live; they travel far.” – Swami Vivekananda

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UPSC Essay Topics: Structure and Effective Writing Strategies

Crack the UPSC Essay Topics with insights on Paper, structure, and effective writing strategies. Exploring the exam format, marks distribution, and practice tips for success. Get a list of previously asked UPSC essay topics and expected themes for 2024. Boost your essay writing skills with valuable information on word limits, sections, and scoring.

Know about UPSC Essay Topics and Exam Structure

The Union Public Service Commission conducts Civil Services Exams every year which comprises three stages i.e Prelims, Mains, and the Interview. The Mains exam consists of multiple papers, with the first paper being the Essay paper. Every year UPSC mains essay papers have UPSC Essay Topics relevant to current scenarios. So, in this article, we will explore every aspect of the Essay paper and probable UPSC Essay Topics. Before going further let’s see the structure of the UPSC exam .

Marks Distribution of Mains examination: The 250-Mark Weightage of UPSC Essay Topics

• Each UPSC Essay Topics of the main UPSC exam has an equal weight of 250 marks. 
• So, essay papers have a weight of 250 marks, and marks scored on the essay papers were considered for evaluation.

Structure of UPSC Essay Topics: Sections, Paper, and Scoring

• Marks Distribution- The UPSC CSE Essay Paper in Mains Exam consists of two sections A and B with four UPSC Essay Topics each of 125 marks and a total of 250 (125×2) marks.  
• Word Limit- Candidates are given a choice to select a UPSC Essay Topics from each section and write about it in 1,000 to 2,000 words within the given time of three hours.

UPSC Essay Topics: Practice Strategies and Important Topics

• Practicing for UPSC Essay Topics: Tackling Changing Topics with Practice
• UPSC Essay topics of the UPSC mains exam change every year, so it becomes quite challenging for candidates to decide which UPSC Essay Topics they will face in the exam. It can be about things like how the economy is doing, how women can be stronger, art and culture, or how the media affects us. To make some predictions of UPSC Essay Topics from previous years question papers can be used. 
• It is a good idea to look at the essay questions from previous years to get an idea of what might be asked. 
• This will help candidates to practice writing essays and do well in the exam. With enough practice, candidates can excel in writing essays for the UPSC exam.
• So here we will see the UPSC Essay Topics from the previous year’s question papers and will give a list of probable UPSC Essay Topics which can be asked in the coming exam.

Expected UPSC Essay Topics for Paper 2024: UPSC Essay Topics and Writing Skills

For better practice we are putting some expected questions on which candidates can write an UPSC Essay Topics to brush up their essay writing skill.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do upsc essay topics get repeated, how many essay questions are asked in the upsc essay paper, what if the candidate exceeds the word limit of the essay paper, how can i write a good essay for upsc.

UPDATED :     

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Important Topics for UPSC Prelims 2024

By vajiram & ravi.

Important Days in August 2023

Daily Newspaper Analysis for UPSC

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Important Topics for UPSC: Crucial subjects and themes for the UPSC examination pertain to the subjects and areas of significance within the Civil Services Examination conducted by UPSC. The curriculum encompasses an extensive array of subjects, and being aware of those that are pivotal can substantially influence a candidate's prospects of success. Here, the important topics for Prelims 2024 are categorised paperwise and subjectwise, which would provide ease to the aspirants while going through them. Along with the Static topics, a list of the most important current affairs topics is also provided to interrelate them.

Important Topics for UPSC Prelims

Though there are several important topics for UPSC Prelims and Mains that overlap, but here is the list of topics which are more significant from the UPSC Prelims perspective. The important topics for UPSC Prelims are given below:

Places on Map in News

Top current affairs topics for upsc prelims 2024.

The Current affairs occupy a very significant place in both UPSC Prelims as well as Mains. Following is the list of most important current affairs topics relevant to the UPSC Prelims 2024 examination:

History and Culture:

• Guru Tegh Bahadur
• Gopal Krishna Gokhale
• Rani Durgavati

Social Issues:

• Practice of Polygamy In India
• Manual Scavenging in India
• Child Trafficking In India
• Freedom of Religion
• Same-Sex Marriage

International Relations:

• First Global Buddhist Summit
• Centre Looking To Design Human Development Index for PVTGs
• Assam-Arunachal Border Dispute
• Indus Water Treaty
• NATO Summit
• BIMSTEC Foreign Ministers’ meet
• Quad Summit 2023
• Official Visit of Prime Minister of Nepal to India
• Sudan Crisis
• Mizoram, Assam New Active Sectors For Infiltration: BSF
• UN Democracy Fund (UNDEF)

Economics and Trade:

• Foreign Trade Policy 2023
• Falling Long-Term Growth Prospects
• Falling Bond Yields
• Changes In GST
• Volatility In Edible Oil Prices

Science and Technology:

• Chandrayaan - 3
• CoWIN Data Breach
• Electronic Interlocking System in Railways
• Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) Waves
• LIGO-India Project
• Human Genome Project
• Seed Bank At Asola Bhatti Sanctuary
• Space Science and Technology Awareness Training (START)
• Foucault Pendulum
• Dark Patterns

Governance and Policy:

• Mission Vatsalya Scheme
• Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi (Amendment) Ordinance, 2023
• National Medical Commission
• Model Prisons Act
• National Medical Devices Policy 2023
• Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC)
• Foreign Exchange Management Act
• Universal Basic Income (UBI)
• India Rethinking Its Anaemia Policy
• The PoSH Act
• Violence in Manipur
• Article 370

Finance and Trade:

• India’s Remittance Inflows Growth Could Slow to Just 0.2% in 2023
• India’s Gold Reserves

Important Topics for UPSC Mains 2024

The IAS syllabus is extensive and might overwhelm many candidates. Developing a lucid comprehension of the important topics for UPSC aids them in refining their preparation approach and prevents wastage of effort on less pivotal areas.

General Studies I

Indian Heritage and Culture; and History and Geography of the World and Society:

General Studies II

Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations:

General Studies III

Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management:

General Studies IV

Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude:

FAQs on Important Topics for UPSC

Which topics are important for upsc prelims 2024.

The vital topics for UPSC Prelims include Indian National Movement, Indian Polity, Indian Economy, Geography, General Science, Environment, Current Affairs , Art and Culture, History of India, World History, Technology, Indian Society, and Logical Reasoning. A thorough understanding and coverage of these subjects are essential for success in the examination.

What should I study for UPSC Mains 2024?

Study the syllabus comprehensively, focusing on important topics for UPSC from subjects like History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Science and Technology, Environment, and Current Affairs. Solve previous year's papers to get an idea about the pattern in which questions are framed.

Which Current Affairs Topics Are Important for UPSC Mains 2024?

The significant current affairs topics for UPSC Mains 2024 encompass Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) Waves, LIGO-India Project, Human Genome Project, Model Prisons Act, National Medical Devices Policy, Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) and other evolving international relations.

© 2024 Vajiram & Ravi. All rights reserved

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Topic-Wise Essay Questions from UPSC Mains (1994 -2018)

The initial paper in the UPSC mains examination is the Essay (Paper I). In this section, candidates who have qualified in the prelims stage must compose two essays from a selection of provided topics. The paper holds a total of 250 marks, and these marks contribute to the determination of the Final Merit List. This article compiles all the essay topics presented in the UPSC mains exam from 1994 to 2018. Additionally, we have organized the essay questions from the last 25 years into distinct topics to facilitate your preparation.

Table of Contents

UPSC Essay Topics

Administration.

• 1994: The nexus of politics, bureaucracy, and business – a lethal trio.
• 1995: Politics bereft of ethics spells disaster.
• 1996: The VIP cult poses a detriment to Indian democracy.
• 1996: Advocating the necessity for transparency in public administration.
• 2000: Addressing the nation’s imperative for an improved disaster management system.
• 2003: Guidelines on the conduct expected of a civil servant.

Democracy/India since independence

• 1995: The trajectory of Indian democracy—where does it lead?
• 1997: Unlearned lessons in fifty years of independence.
• 2000: Reasons to take pride in our Indian identity.
• 2001: Assessing the gains from our democratic framework.
• 2003: Evaluating the effectiveness of democracy in delivering positive outcomes in India.
• 2008: Exploring national identity and patriotism.
• 2012: Examining the evolutionary significance of ‘Swadhinata,’ ‘Swaraj,’ and ‘Dharmarajya’ in the context of Gandhiji’s views and their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy.
• 2013: Is India’s success hindered by a lingering colonial mentality?
• 2015: Aspirations that should keep India awake.
• 2018: Navigating the intricate challenge of managing Indian border disputes.

Economic growth and development

• 1999: Managing resources in the Indian context.
• 2013: GDP (Gross Domestic Product) alongside GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) as apt measures for assessing a country’s well-being.
• 2014: The hindrance to our country’s growth—was it policy paralysis or implementation inertia?
• 2015: Assessing the crisis in India—moral or economic in nature.
• 2016: Jobless growth in India: An aberration or a consequence of economic reforms.
• 2016: The digital economy: An equalizer or a source of economic inequality.
• 2016: Identifying innovation as the pivotal factor influencing economic growth and social welfare.
• 2017: Examining the impact of new economic measures on fiscal relations between the union and states in India.

Federalism, Decentralisation

• 1998: Tracing the language problem in India—its historical evolution, current status, and future prospects.
• 2004: Advocating for central government control over water resources.
• 2007: Assessing the effectiveness of the panchayati raj system in India in empowering the people.
• 2007: Examining whether autonomy is the optimal solution to counter balkanization.
• 2011: The establishment of smaller states and its resultant administrative, economic, and developmental implications.
• 2016: Cooperative federalism in India: Myth or reality?
• 2016: Exploring water disputes between states in federal India.

Indian Culture & Society

• 1994: The Indian society standing at a crucial juncture.
• 1996: Emerging cults and spiritual leaders posing a challenge to traditional religion.
• 1998: Examining the mosaic of India’s composite culture.
• 1999: Contemporary youth culture in focus.
• 2000: Navigating the intersection of modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values.
• 2000: Indian culture today—myth or reality?
• 2003: Contemplating the correlation between civilization’s advancement and cultural decline.
• 2010: From traditional Indian philanthropy to the Gates-Buffett model—natural progression or paradigm shift?
• 1997: Exploring the realm of judicial activism.
• 2004: Investigating the intersection of judicial activism and Indian democracy.
• 2005: Advocating for the imperative that justice extends to the impoverished.

Social justice/Poverty

• 1999: Reservation, politics, and the pursuit of empowerment.
• 2005: Envisioning food security as a foundation for sustainable national development.
• 2009: The disproportionate focus of healthcare on the privileged segments of our society.
• 2017: The diminishing capacity of farming to serve as a subsistence source for the majority of Indian farmers.
• 2018: Recognizing poverty anywhere as a menace to prosperity everywhere.

Media & Society

• 1998: The misinterpretation and abuse of freedom in India.
• 1999: Mass media and its impact on cultural invasion.
• 2002: The democratic role and responsibility of the media.
• 2007: Examining the cultural shift in Indian mindsets brought about by satellite television.
• 2008: The contribution of media to fostering good governance.
• 2011: Assessing whether Indian cinema shapes our popular culture or simply mirrors it.
• 2014: Contemplating whether sting operations constitute an invasion of privacy.

Environment/Urbanisation

• 1997: Unraveling the hidden benefits of urbanization.
• 2006: Asserting the crucial role of safeguarding ecology and the environment for sustained economic development.
• 2008: Exploring the perils associated with urbanization.
• 2010: Debating the imposition of a moratorium on new mining activities in tribal areas of the country.
• 2017: Acknowledging the inevitability of succumbing to natural laws despite challenging human laws.

Economic sectors/MNCs

• 1994: Multinational corporations—saviors or underminers.
• 2006: Contemplating the potential demise of small-scale industries in India due to globalization.
• 2007: The surge of BPOs in India.
• 2008: Evaluating the Special Economic Zone—benefit or detriment?
• 2009: Pondering the fate of our traditional handicrafts, destined for a gradual decline.
• 2012: Scrutinizing the criticism that the Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) model is more of a curse than a blessing in the Indian context.
• 2014: Exploring the prospect of tourism as the next major venture for India.
• 1995: Overhauling the structure of the Indian education system.
• 1996: Noting the rapid increase in literacy without corresponding growth in education.
• 2001: Questioning the relevance of traditional classrooms.
• 2002: Examining the privatization of higher education in India.
• 2002: Navigating the intersection of modern technological education and human values.
• 2005: Reflecting on the essence of real education.
• 2006: Investigating the “Education for All” campaign in India—myth or reality.
• 2007: Advocating for the cultivation of independent thinking from early childhood.
• 2008: Contemplating whether educating the masses can pave the way for an egalitarian society.
• 2011: Assessing the status, opportunities, and challenges of the credit-based higher education system.
• 2014: Evaluating the impact of growing competition on the youth.
• 2014: Questioning the effectiveness of standardized tests as a measure of academic ability or progress.
• 2015: Highlighting the limitations of education without values.
• 2017: Acknowledging the pivotal role of classrooms in shaping the destiny of a nation.
• 1995: Unveiling the emerging power of women: the realities on the ground.
• 1997: Asserting that greater political power alone won’t improve the plight of women.
• 1998: Contemplating woman as God’s finest creation.
• 1999: Delving into the challenges and prospects of women’s empowerment.
• 2001: Emphasizing that empowerment alone cannot fully uplift our women.
• 2004: Questioning the trajectory of women’s emancipation.
• 2005: Imagining a world where women rule.
• 2005: Acknowledging the influential role of the hand that rocks the cradle.
• 2006: Advocating for the Women’s Reservation Bill as a catalyst for empowerment in India.
• 2012: Evaluating whether the Indian working woman receives a fair deal in managing work and home.
• 2016: Stating that if development is not engendered, it is endangered.
• 2017: Dispelling the myth of the fulfillment of the ‘new woman’ in India.

Quotes-based/Philosophy

• 1994: Youth is a mistake, manhood a challenge, old age a remorse.
• 1994: A purposeless life is an untimely demise.
• 1995: Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the life force of civilization.
• 1995: When money speaks, the truth remains silent.
• 1995: Our actions define us as much as we shape our actions.
• 1996: Truth is something to be lived, not just taught.
• 1997: True religion cannot be misappropriated.
• 2002: The pursuit of truth is inherently a spiritual challenge.
• 2002: The paths of glory ultimately lead to the grave.
• 2002: If youth possessed knowledge, if age possessed capability.
• 2003: Nothing is inherently good or bad; it is our perceptions that shape it.
• 2013: Be the change you wish to witness in others.
• 2014: With greater power comes greater responsibility.
• 2014: Words have a sharper impact than a two-edged sword.
• 2015: Extending a helping hand is superior to merely giving charity.
• 2018: The past is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
• 2018: Reality may not conform to the ideal, but it affirms it.
• 2007: Attitude shapes habits, habits form character, and character defines a person.
• 2008: Discipline paves the way to success, while anarchy leads to ruin.
• 2015: The character of an institution is a reflection of its leader.
• 2016: Need fosters greed, and an increase in greed tarnishes the lineage.
• 2017: Joy is the purest expression of gratitude.
• 2018: A fulfilling life is one fueled by love and steered by knowledge.
• 2018: A society that prioritizes privileges over principles forfeits both.
• 2018: Traditional morality cannot serve as a guide for modern living.

Globalisation

• 1994: Modernization and Westernization are distinct concepts.
• 1998: Envisioning the world in the twenty-first century.
• 2000: Unraveling the implications of globalization for India.
• 2001: Articulating my vision of an ideal world order.
• 2003: Unmasking the facades of new imperialism.
• 2004: Assessing the impact of globalization on Indian culture.
• 2009: Contemplating the clash between ‘Globalization’ and ‘Nationalism.’
• 2010: Evaluating the readiness of our society for India’s global leadership role.

Science & Tech

• 1997: The contemporary physician and their relationship with patients.
• 1999: Embedding values in science and education.
• 2001: Examining the progress of science and its impact on human values.
• 2003: Exploring the interplay between spirituality and scientific temper.
• 2004: The magnetic appeal of space.
• 2012: Debating the compatibility of Science and Mysticism.
• 2013: Asserting that science and technology serve as the cure-all for the nation’s growth and security.
• 2015: Emphasizing that technology cannot replace human manpower.
• 2018: Advocating for alternative technologies to build a climate change-resilient India.

Internet/IT

• 2000: The allure and challenges of the cyberworld.
• 2006: The rise of computerization and its potential to foster a dehumanized society.
• 2016: Reflecting on the long-term impact of cyberspace and the Internet on human civilization—blessing or curse?
• 2017: Contending that social media, by its nature, is a self-centered medium.

International organisations /relations

• 1996: The restructuring of the UNO as a reflection of current realities.
• 2004: Analyzing India’s contribution to fostering ASEAN cooperation.
• 2006: Assessing the significance of the Indo-US nuclear agreement.
• 2017: Questioning the continued relevance of the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) in a multipolar world.
• 2005: The impact of terrorism on global peace.
• 2009: Examining whether we are a ‘soft’ state.
• 2009: Asserting the value of well-defined boundaries in fostering good relations between neighbors.
• 2011: Recognizing the importance of both human intelligence and technical intelligence in addressing terrorism in the Indian context.

Miscellaneous

• 1998: India’s impact on global wisdom.
• 2001: The quest for excellence.
• 2010: Geography may be constant, but history is subject to change.
• 2014: Aspiring for fifty gold medals in the Olympics—can India turn this into a reality?
• 2015: Embracing the strategy of swift yet consistent progress.

Topic-Wise Essay Questions from UPSC Mains (1994 -2018) FAQS

Q 1. how can i write a good essay in upsc.

 Essay writing not only checks your ability to understand the topic but also how well you can explain the same. While preparing for any subject, keep making notes. Read editorial articles in newspapers like The Hindu. Listen to analysis of particular topics on Rajya Sabha TV. There is no shortcut to master the essay, it is all about regular practice.

Q 2. Does handwriting matter in UPSC?

If the answer is good and the handwriting is not good, then there is a possibility of being at a state of disadvantage because the person who evaluates your paper will be evaluating thousands of other papers. Hence, to make sure that your evaluator has not missed out on any piece of information that you have written, it is better to have good and legible handwriting.

3.  What is the format of the UPSC Civil Services Mains examination?

The UPSC Civil Services Mains examination includes an Essay paper (Paper I), which is the initial paper in the exam.

4. How many essays are candidates required to write in the Essay paper?

Candidates are required to compose two essays from a selection of provided topics in the Essay paper.

5. How many marks does the Essay paper hold, and how does it contribute to the Final Merit List?

The Essay paper holds a total of 250 marks, and these marks contribute to the determination of the Final Merit List.

6. What is the time duration for the Essay paper in the UPSC Mains examination?

The time duration for the Essay paper is not specified, but candidates are advised to manage their time effectively.

7. Can candidates choose any topic for their essays, or are there specific topics provided?

Candidates must choose two essay topics from a selection of provided topics.

8. How are the essay topics categorized in the provided list?

The essay topics from the last 25 years are categorized into distinct topics such as Administration, Democracy/India since independence, Economic growth and development, Federalism, Decentralisation, Indian Culture & Society, Judiciary, Social justice/Poverty, Media & Society, Environment/Urbanisation, Economic sectors/MNCs, Education, Women, Quotes-based/Philosophy, Character, Globalisation, Science & Tech, Internet/IT, International organisations/relations, Security, and Miscellaneous.

9. What are some examples of essay topics related to Indian Culture & Society?

Examples include “The Indian society standing at a crucial juncture,” “Contemplating the correlation between civilization’s advancement and cultural decline,” and “Navigating the intersection of modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values.”

10. Are there specific essay topics related to Economics and Development?

Yes, essay topics related to Economics and Development include “Managing resources in the Indian context,” “Jobless growth in India: An aberration or a consequence of economic reforms,” and “Exploring the impact of new economic measures on fiscal relations between the union and states in India.”

11. How can candidates prepare for the essay paper effectively?

Candidates can prepare by reviewing and understanding essay topics from previous years, practicing essay writing, and staying updated on current affairs and relevant issues.

12. Are there any specific guidelines for essay writing provided by UPSC?

While specific guidelines are not mentioned, candidates are expected to express their thoughts coherently, provide well-reasoned arguments, and adhere to the given word limit. It is advisable to maintain clarity, conciseness, and a balanced perspective in essay writing.

In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.  

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[Mission 2024] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 29 March 2024

InstaLinks :  help you think beyond the issue but relevant to the issue from UPSC prelims and Mains exam point of view. These linkages provided in this ‘hint’ format help you frame possible questions ina your mind that might arise(or an examiner might imagine) from each current event. InstaLinks also connect every issue to their static or theoretical background. This helps you study a topic holistically and add new dimensions to every current event to help you think analytically

Table of Contents:

GS Paper 2:

UN Security Council Resolution on Gaza

GS Paper 4:

Humanitarian Aid in Conflict Zones

Facts for prelims (ffp), slapp suits and injunctions, t+0 settlement cycle, domestically systemically important insurance companies.

• Meme coins 

Twisted magnetic field

Mushk budiji rice.

• Eturnagaram & Amrabad wildlife sanctuaries

Central Pollution Control Board

Luna crater in banni plains.

  Syllabus: International Relations

  Context: After five and a half months of conflict in Gaza , with significant casualties and displacement, the UN Security Council called for an immediate ceasefire .

What are UNSC resolutions?

A UNSC resolution is a decision adopted by the UN Security Council , responsible for international peace and security. Article 27 of the UN Charter requires an affirmative vote of nine out of fifteen members for resolutions . Any of the five permanent members can veto resolutions, except procedural ones. The permanent members are China, France, Russia, the UK, and the US. Article 25 obligates UN members to accept and implement UNSC decisions . As of today, the Security Council has passed 2728 resolution s. The ICJ has affirmed the legal bindingness of all Security Council resolutions.

If the Security Council fails to pass a resolution , it may issue a non-binding presidential statement adopted by consensus. These statements apply political pressure and signal the Council’s attention, often indicating that further action may follow.

What does the current Resolution call for?

The resolution calls for

• Aid to reach Palestinian civilians
• Release of hostages held by Hamas
• Immediate ceasefire for the month of Ramadan to be respected by all parties
• Adherence to international law
• Need for sustained humanitarian aid

The US abstained from voting , marking a shift in policy.

What does the resolution mean?

While all UNSC resolutions are typically binding under Article 25 of the UN Charter, the US has deemed the latest resolution non-binding . If a resolution is not adhered to, the Council can vote on a follow-up resolution and impose punitive measures such as sanctions or authorizing an international force. So, in this case, there is high pressure on Israel to comply with the resolution.

Has Israel adhered to the previous resolutions?

No, Israel has not adhered to previous resolutions. E.g.,

• 2016: Israel ignored UNSC resolution deeming Israel’s settlements in Palestine illegal and a violation of international law
• December 2023: Israel ignored the UN General Assembly’s call for a “humanitarian ceasefire

Israel faces accusations of genocide in Gaza at the International Court of Justice , with South Africa leading the charge.

Significance of US policy shift towards Israel:  

The US policy shift towards Israel indicates a change in how the US government approaches its relationship with Israel. This change can have significant implications for various aspects, including diplomatic relations , regional stability in the Middle East, and efforts to address the Israel-Palestine conflict. Historically, the US has been a staunch ally of Israel, providing significant political, military, and economic support.

Israel has various options available to address the ongoing conflict:

• Long-term perspective : Israel should heed the UNSC’s call for a ceasefire, allow humanitarian aid into Gaza, and engage in talks with Hamas for the release of hostages and withdrawal of troops.
• Abiding by the Abraham Accords : Israel should consider its previous position of normalizing relations with Arab states and the broader international community.
• Cooperation with Hamas : Israel could explore dialogue with Hamas for a potential prisoner exchange, as Hamas has expressed willingness for immediate engagement.
• Synchronizing with US stance : With the US increasingly critical of Israel’s actions and urging for aid delivery to Gaza, Israel may need to align its approach accordingly.

India’s Policy on the Israel-Palestine Conflict:

For: Implications of the Gaza Crisis for India: Click Here

Conclusion:

India, with its balanced approach and rapport with both Middle Eastern countries and Israel, can utilize multilateral forums like the Human Rights Council to mediate and help resolve the Israel-Palestine issue.

Mains Links:

  “India’s relations with Israel have, of late, acquired a depth and diversity, which cannot be rolled back.” Discuss. (UPSC 2018)

Prelims Links: (UPSC 2015)

The area known as ‘Golan Heights’ sometimes appears in the news in the context of the events related to

• a) Central Asia
• b) Middle East
• c) South-East Asia
• d) Central Africa

  Syllabus: International Ethics

  Context: Politics often interferes with humanitarian aid in conflict zones (such as the Gaza war in the current situation), creating various ethical issues.

What is humanitarian aid?

Humanitarian aid refers to assistance provided in response to humanitarian crises such as natural disasters, conflicts, or other emergencies. It includes essential supplies like food, water, shelter, and medical care, aimed at alleviating suffering and saving lives. Humanitarian aid promotes ethical values like compassion, empathy, solidarity, and the inherent worth and dignity of every individual .

How does Politics often interfere with humanitarian aid in conflict zones?

Denial of aid raises ethical concerns such as:

• Violation of human rights : E.g., Secretary of State Antony Blinken recently stated that “ 100 per cent of the population in Gaza is at severe levels of acute food insecurity .”
• Exacerbation of suffering : Without aid, vulnerable populations face increased hardship, including hunger, illness, and displacement.
• Political manipulation : Denying aid for political gain exploits the vulnerable and undermines humanitarian principles.
• International obligations : Denying aid violates international laws and conventions that mandate assistance to those in need.
• Loss of trust in humanitarian efforts : Denial of aid erodes trust in humanitarian organizations and the international community’s commitment to help those in crisis.

Ethical Thinker’s perspective on humanitarian aid:

Ethical thinkers, such as Immanuel Kant and Peter Singer , advocate for the provision of humanitarian aid during conflicts. They argue that it is a moral imperative to alleviate suffering and uphold human dignity , regardless of the circumstances. Kant emphasizes the importance of treating others as ends in themselves , suggesting that providing aid aligns with the principle of universal respect for human life. Similarly, Singer’s utilitarian approach emphasizes maximizing overall well-being , which includes helping those in need during conflicts. Both thinkers highlight the ethical obligation to prioritize humanitarian concerns and alleviate suffering, even during conflicts.

India plays a significant role in providing humanitarian aid:

• Aid to Sri Lanka: In 2008, India sent aid to displaced Sri Lankan Tamil civilians, serving as both a humanitarian gesture
• Continued Support: In 2022, Tamil Nadu’s government sent substantial aid to Sri Lanka during its economic crisis, demonstrating India’s ongoing commitment to humanitarian assistance.
• Global Contribution During COVID-19: India extended its humanitarian efforts globally by sending vaccines to over 100 countries during the pandemic, showcasing its capability and willingness to support international humanitarian causes.

Steps to provide unhindered humanitarian aid:

• Political Diplomacy : Conduct diplomatic negotiations between humanitarian organizations, governments, and armed groups to establish safe passage for aid convoys in conflict zones.
• International Cooperation : Coordinate and Collaborate between the United Nations, Red Cross, and neighbouring countries to provide logistical support and ensure safe transit of aid supplies.
• Security Measures: Deployment of peacekeeping forces or armed escorts to accompany aid convoys in volatile areas.
• Public Awareness: g., Media campaigns and advocacy efforts to highlight humanitarian crises and mobilize support for aid initiatives.
• Accountability and Transparency : E.g., establishing monitoring mechanisms and conducting regular audits to track the delivery and distribution of aid supplies.
• Local Engagement: g., Partnering with local NGOs and community leaders to identify vulnerable populations and tailor aid interventions to meet their specific needs.
• Adherence to International Law : Providing aid impartially and without discrimination, in accordance with the principles of humanity, neutrality, and impartiality.

Mains Link:

  ‘The will to power exists, but it can be tamed and be guided by rationality and principles of moral duty.’ Examine this statement in the context of international relations. (UPSC 2020)

  Strength, peace and security are considered to be the pillars of international relations. Elucidate. (UPSC 2017)

  Source: IE

  Context: The Supreme Court has cautioned courts against the use of SLAPP suits by powerful entities to curb free speech, particularly in cases involving media platforms and civil society .

What are SLAPP suits?

SLAPP suits, or Strategic Litigation Against Public Participation , are legal actions filed by entities, such as corporations or individuals, with the intent to intimidate or silence critics , typically activists, journalists, or members of the public, by burdening them with costly legal proceedings .

E.g., In 2000, the Tata Group filed a SLAPP suit against environmental activist Dr. Claude Alvares and others for publishing a book critical of the company’s activities.

What is the case here?

In a recent order, the Court set aside injunctions against Bloomberg Television Services India Pvt Ltd, emphasizing the need to balance free speech rights with reputational concerns in defamation suits. The Court highlighted the potential misuse of pre-trial injunctions to stifle public debate and underscored the importance of exceptional caution in granting such injunctions.

What are Injunctions?

An injunction in India is a legal remedy used to prevent a party from carrying out a specific action , such as intellectual property infringement or breach of contract. It is a court order requiring a party to do or cease certain actions and plays a crucial role in legal battles. Violating an injunction can result in contempt of court charges.

An ex-parte injunction , issued without hearing from the other party, is granted in emergency situations to prevent irreparable harm.

Source: IE Context: India’s stock exchanges have launched a beta version of same-day transaction settlement, known as T+0, for select cash segment stocks.

• Currently, in a limited rollout phase , T+0 enables trades to settle on the same day they occur , offering benefits such as faster access to funds and increased flexibility for investors.
• This new system is being tested with around 25 stocks and a select group of brokers , with the aim of assessing its effectiveness and resolving any issues before wider implementation .
• T+0 settlement allows investors to promptly reinvest funds , react quickly to market changes, and potentially reduce counterparty risk.

After following a T+5 settlement cycle, India moved to T+3 in 2002 and further reduced it to T+2 in 2003. In 2021, Sebi introduced the T+1 system before making it the norm in 2023.

The settlement cycle is the time required for a trade to be settled . On Indian exchanges, the settlement cycle for all traded instruments is T+1 day , with T representing the trading day.

Source: Economic Times

  Context: In the financial year 2023-24, three domestic insurance companies have been identified as systemically important for the stability of the economy :

• Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), General Insurance Corporation of India (GIC), and New India Assurance Co. Ltd.
• These companies are considered “ too important to fail,” and there is an expectation of government support in case of financial distress.
• Designated as Domestic Systemically Important Insurers (D-SIIs), they play a critical role in ensuring the availability of insurance services to the national economy.
• D-SIIs are subject to additional regulatory measures to manage systemic risks and moral hazard issues , including enhancing corporate governance and implementing robust risk management frameworks.

Source: Business Standard

Context: Meme coins, a subset of cryptocurrencies , have gained popularity within the digital currency realm.

• Originating from internet meme culture , these coins are often created as humorous tributes and lack substantial underlying value.
• Their key characteristics include extreme volatility, large or uncapped supplies, and easy creation facilitated by blockchain technology.
• Dogecoin and Shiba Inu are notable examples of meme coins , with quirky branding and significant community engagement.

However, investing in meme coins carries risks due to their speculative nature and lack of fundamental value.

  Context: A study conducted by researchers in China has identified a mechanism through which statins, commonly prescribed for cardiovascular disease , can increase the risk of glucose intolerance and diabetes.

• The study found that a gut microbiome deficient in Clostridium bacteria could lead to altered bile acid profiles, affecting glucose metabolism.

Statins are a class of drugs that lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease .

Statins work by reducing the amount of cholesterol the liver makes and helping it remove cholesterol already in the blood.

They also lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or “bad” cholesterol, and increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or “good” cholesterol. 

  Statins can also help stabilize plaque , a waxy substance that can build up in arteries and interfere with blood flow.

  Context: Astronomers have detected a twisted magnetic field in a spiral pattern around the Milky Way’s supermassive black hole , Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), indicating previously unknown features of the powerful object.

• The term “twisted” magnetic field refers to a magnetic field that has a spiral or helical shape rather than being uniformly aligned.
• This discovery sheds light on previously unknown qualities of the supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy, indicating similarities with the magnetic field surrounding another black hole known as M87*.
• The twisted magnetic field structure suggests the potential for the Milky Way’s black hole to power efficient jets of material into space, similar to those observed in M87*.

START 2024 

  Source: TH

Context: ISRO will conduct the Space Science and Technology Awareness Training (START) 2024 program, aiming to attract young individuals to the fields of space science and technology.

• The training will cover introductory topics in various aspects of space science and technology , along with sessions on Indian space exploration programs and research opportunities.

  Context: Researchers have uncovered the factors contributing to the unique aroma of mushk budiji rice, an indigenous variety grown in the Kashmir Himalaya.

• Mushk budiji rice, known for its rich aroma and taste , was nearly extinct due to factors like rice blast disease and low yield , but a revival program initiated in 2007 has seen its slow resurgence.

Factors contributing to aroma:

• The researchers identified around 35 aromatic compounds in the rice variety across eight altitudes between 5,000 and 7,000 feet in the valley.
• They discovered compounds contributing to the rice’s aroma , notably 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) found at higher altitudes.
• Additionally, gene-expression analysis revealed how environmental factors influence the rice’s flavor profile through its genes.

Eturnagaram & Amrabad wildlife sanctuaries

  Source: TOI

  Context: Telangana is currently grappling with forest fires in Tadvai region of Eturnagaram Wildlife Wildlife Sanctuary in Mulugu and Amrabad Tiger Reserve.  

About Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary:

• The Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary is located near Warangal, Telangana , and lies on the border of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh .
• It is traversed by the rivers Dayyam Vagu and Godavari .
• The sanctuary is home to various flora including bamboo, maddi, dry deciduous teak, thiruman, and madhuca.
• As for fauna, it harbors species such as the sloth bear, chinkara, nilgai, black buck, among others.

About Amrabad Tiger Reserve:

• Amrabad Tiger Reserve is located in the Indian state of Telangana .
• It is one of the largest tiger reserves in the country , covering an area of approximately 2,800 square kilometers.
• The reserve is situated on the border of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh , encompassing parts of the Nallamala Hills.
• It was established with the aim of conserving the endangered Bengal tiger and its habitat .
• Apart from tigers, the reserve is home to various other species of wildlife including leopards, sloth bears, Indian gaurs, and several species of birds and reptiles.

  Context: The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has collected over Rs 777 crore in environment protection charge (EPC) and environmental compensation (EC) funds, but only about Rs 156 crore, or 20%, has been utilized.

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) receives compensation under two categories:

• Environment Protection Charge (EPC): EPC, mandated by the Supreme Court, involves a one per cent charge on specified new diesel vehicles registered in Delhi and NCR.
• Environmental Compensation , based on the Polluter Pay Principle and ordered by the National Green Tribunal (NGT), is utilized for various environmental protection measures, including strengthening laboratories and monitoring networks, implementing NGT orders, and capacity building for pollution control boards.

About CPCB:

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is a statutory organization established in September 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 . It was later given powers and functions under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 , and serves as a field formation providing technical services to the Ministry of Environment and Forests under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 . Its key functions include promoting the cleanliness of streams and wells to prevent water pollution and improving air quality to prevent air pollution nationwide.

  Context: A 1.8 km wide crater (known as Luna Crater) in Gujarat’s Kutch region (in the Banni Plains) has been confirmed as the result of a massive asteroid impact , reshaping the landscape and dating back approximately 6,905 years

Luna region was one of the several settlements linked to the ancient Harappan Civilization . Other impact craters in India include Dhala in Madhya Pradesh, Lonar in Maharashtra, and Ramgarh in Rajasthan

The Banni Grassland near the Great Rann of Kutch in Gujarat is considered the largest grassland in Asia, covering 2,618 square kilometres, which is about 45% of Gujarat’s pastureland

Read more about Banni Plains here

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75 Most Important Topics for UPSC Mains and Interview – Download Current Issues E-Book (3rd Edition)

Last updated on September 26, 2023 by ClearIAS Team

Table of Contents

Peculiarities of the book – Current Issues – What’s hot today? – 75 Important Issues for UPSC Mains and Interview

• Issue-based study (with views and counterviews) is highly helpful for the UPSC Civil Services Exam Mains (written test) as well as the Interview (personality test).
• You would get quick coverage of a lot of issues – with positives and negatives – which enable you to take a stand.
• You can save a lot of time (and avoid spending energy on multiple sources on these issues).
• You will get an idea of the background/history of important issues.
• Reference links to related discussions – text and video – from important websites like Rajya Sabha TV, PIB, PRS India, AIR etc are provided.

Buy and download online Rs.199. Link – Current Issues – What’s hot today? – 75 Important Issues for UPSC Mains

About the 3rd Edition

• The new edition includes about 75 current issues which need your attention (yes, a lot more new issues than our 1 st and 2 nd editions!)
• Also, many of the earlier topics still relevant today are updated with the latest current affairs .
• Some topics that are not applicable for this year are omitted as well.

75 Most Important Topics for UPSC Mains and Interview – Table of Contents

• Aadhaar and Privacy issues
• The ban on cow slaughter/ Beef Ban
• Cashless Economy
• Economic growth Vs Environmental conservation
• Election Funding
• Free Speech: Rights & Limits
• Frequent promulgation of Ordinance
• Full statehood to Delhi: Should it be granted or not?
• Interstate water disputes: Focus on Cauvery Water Dispute
• Judicial activism and judicial Overreach
• Judicial appointment: Collegium Vs NJAC
• Kashmir Unrest
• Media freedom and Responsible reporting
• Muslim Personal law: Polygamy/ Triple talaq
• Nationalism vs Regionalism
• NGOs and Development/ Crackdown on NGOs
• Dalit assertion and Politics of reservation
• Restriction on the entry of women in places of worship
• Should India spend more on science or Social welfare?
• Supreme Court judgement on Caste, Religion in Polls
• Parliamentary disruptions
• Uniform civil code
• Privatization of certain Healthcare Services
• Agrarian crisis: Issues in farmer economy
• Issues related to Social Media
• Criminalisation of politics
• Stubble burning in the neighbourhood of Delhi
• Marital rape
• ‘Living wills’/ Euthanasia
• Separate State Flag in Karnataka
• Net neutrality
• The merger of PSU banks
• Privatization of Air India
• Capital Punishment/death sentence
• Politics and Economics of farm loan waiver
• Laws to ban certain social practices
• Entry of foreign universities in India
• Respecting national anthem
• The special court for trying politicians
• National Medical Commission Bill
• Barring MPs from practising law
• Controversy over changing the Constitution
• Lateral entry: Professionalizing Governance or Committed Bureaucracy?
• Section 377: Constitutionality Vs Morality
• Institutions of Eminence: Can the tag help to create world-class universities?
• Higher Education Commission of India
• Bad bank: Is it a good idea?
• Data protection: Privacy Vs Innovation
• Ayushman Bharat: Can it make India healthier?
• SC/ST Act judgment: Protecting the innocent or diluting the Protection?
• Crisis in the sugar sector
• Khap Panchayats and honour killing
• National Policy on Biofuels
• Should the SC proceedings be live streamed?
• Doubling the Farmer’s income
• Is AI a danger to humanity?
• What prevents women from working in India?
• Special category status
• National Register of Citizens
• Price Deficiency Payment mechanism
• Death penalty for raping minor
• Mob lynching: Is it becoming a new normal?
• RTI amendments
• India in SCO: Benefits and challenges
• Minimum Support Price
• Reservation in promotion for SC/ST employees
• No detention under RTE
• Interlinking of rivers
• Compensatory Afforestation
• Non Performing Assets
• Amendments to the prevention of Corruption Act
• Issues related to the appointment of Lokpal
• Does RBI need more power to monitor Banks?
• Office of the Speaker: Powers and Issues

Details of the ebook “Current Issues – What’s Hot Today?”

• Edition – 3.0
• Pages – 405
• Format – PDF
• Buy and download online for Rs.199. Link – Current Issues – What’s hot today? – 75 Important Issues for UPSC Mains

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Please update the daily news and current affairs

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Do you’ll have the hardcopy?

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Showcase your ideas on public policy and current affairs by entering our essay writing competition. Every month, students can choose any one topic and send their essays. Make sure you first prepare well and then write down the essay as it will give you great practice for the actual UPSC essay exam.

• Selected essays will be published on our website with the name of the author.
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• Other nominated essays will be given one month free current affairs E-magazine and 50% off on our Prelims test series.

We hope more and more students will participate in the Essay contest, which includes topics of current affairs. One should remember that these topics will be useful not only for the IAS exams but also for other competitive exams.

Practice Essay Topics for UPSC

March 2024 Essay Contest (Last date is March 31, 2024)

Candidates should send their essay to [email protected]. Please mention your mobile number in your mail .

View: Upsc essay topics

Essay Contest Topics: January - 2021

• In the tussle between a local vaccine and an international vaccine, how does a government decide?
• Is it important to be a good human being and accommodating or should we be aggressive and achieve success?
• How can individuals contribute to the growth of a nation’s economy?
• Should India close down its dams and focus on nuclear and solar energy?

Selected Essay Topics: December 2023

1. Is the caste barrier breaking due to increased love marriages in India? -SHUVAJYOTI DUTTA

Selected Essay Topics: November 2023

1. Is the caste barrier breaking due to increased love marriages in India? -JNANDEEP BORA (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: August - September 2023

1. Religion Vs Nation - Write an essay on the harmony and the conflict? -Jatin Sethi

2. Poverty and the Indian story of the numbers below the poverty line. What are the solutions? -MUDRA PADMASHALI (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: April 2023

1. Role of Social Media in Indian Politics -Shri Rishija

2. Role of Social Media in Indian Politics -Vinita Murmu (Winner)

3. Role of social media in Indian politics. -JNANDEEP BORA.

4. ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN INDIAN POLITICS -MUDRA PADMASHALI

5. Where are the oil economies headed with the rise of electric vehicles? Discuss the impact on India. -RICHA RAJ (Winner)

6. Future of printed currency. Discuss. -DR. RUPALI KUMARI

7. Role of social media in Indian politics -SANJEEV KUMAR

Selected Essay Topics: March 2023

1. How important is God in a civil society? -Jatin Sethi (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: January 2023

1. BRAIN DRAIN A DECADE AGO AND NOW -Dr Rashmi bhat (Winner)

2. BRAIN DRAIN A DECADE AGO AND NOW -Gudibandi vaishnavi

3. Should a civil servant be honest? How corruption in offices can be monitored? -JNANDEEP BORA.

4. Should a civil servant be honest? How corruption in offices can be monitored? -Jatin Sethi (Winner)

5. India has some of the richest business houses, how does it affect our GDP? -Swagata Sengupta

6. Should a civil servant be honest? How corruption in offices can be monitored? -Mudra Padmashali

Selected Essay Topics: November - December 2022

1. Is being a Hindu more important than being an Indian? should we have to choose? -Kajal Bansal

2. With Rishi Sunak becoming the British PM, does India benefit in any way? -Dr. Rashmi Bhagat

3. Food distribution in India-the way ahead -Mudra Padmashali

4. Is being a Hindu more important than being an Indian? Should we have to choose?” -Jatin Sethi (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: October 2022

1. Analyze the economic status of India vis-a-vis the world economic scenario -Vijay Sridhar

2. Is Success a mind game or sheer hard work? -Mudra Padmashali

Selected Essay Topics: August 2022

1. Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. -Vijay Sridhar (Winner)

2. Quick but steady wins the race -Mudra p (Winner)

3. Dreams which should not let India sleep -SHUVAJYOTI DUTTA

4. Dreams which should not let India sleep. -Sangeeta Paul

5. Dreams which should not let India sleep. -Muhammad Fasal (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: June 2022

1. Role of money in health and happiness -Jnandeep Bora

2. Role of Money in Health and happiness -Dr.Rashmi Bhat

3. Work life balance how can it be achieved? -Dr. Reshma Bhat

4. Work life balance how can it be achieved? -Ani Ysl

5. Work life balance how can it be achieved? -Sangeeta Paul

6. Role of money in health and happiness -Anusha Kolli (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: April & May 2022

1. How important is that PT/sports class in school? -AISHWARYA THORAM

2. How important is that PT/sports class in school? -Dr.Reshma Bhat

3. How Important is that PT/ sports class in school ? -Abraham Johnson Anchaniyil

4. The effect of war in modern days with reference to Ukaraine and Russia. -SATARUPA MUKHERJEE

5. How important is that PT/Sport class in school? -JNANDEEP BORA

Selected Essay Topics: February & March 2022

1. What is important for the voters of India? Do they carry away by propaganda? -Jayant Joshi

2. What should we do to improve Indians to be honest in public life? -VAISHNAVI GUDIBANDI

3. What is important for the voters of India? Do they carried away by propaganda? -Jayant Joshi

4. What should we do to inspire Indians to be honest in public life? -Twinkle

5. What is important for the voters of India? Do they get carried away by propaganda? -JNANDEEP BORA (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: January 2022

1. India’s economic growth, the way forward -Anusha Kolli

Selected Essay Topics: December 2021

1. Should money weigh over choice passion in the choice of career? -Twinkle

2. The Corona virus, it’s variants and the way forward -Dr. Reshma Bhat (Winner)

3. How useful is celebrating festivals for human society? -Rashmi Bhat

4. How useful is celebrating festivals for human society? -Jayant Joshi

5. How useful is celebrating festivals for human society? -Anusha Kolli (Winner)

6. The Corona Virus , it`s variants and the way forward -Sanjyot Dhavale

7. Should money weigh over choice, passion in the choice of career? -Muhammad Fasal (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: December - 2019

• Are we corrupt as a nation? How can the common man stay away from activities that encourage Corruption? -SRISHAKTHI.M
• Are we corrupt as a nation? How can the common man stay away from activities that encourage Corruption? -ADARSH BAJPAI
• Are we corrupt as a nation? How can the common man stay away from activities that encourage Corruption? -ARPIT SAMANT (Winner)
• Air Pollution, the road ahead. Will using alternate number cars, no firecrackers in Diwali help? -NIVEDITA ROY (Winner)
• Air Pollution, the road ahead. Will using alternate number cars, no firecrackers in Diwali help? -Sangeeta Paul
• Is nationalism above humanism? -ABRAHAM JOHNSON ANCHANIYIL
• Is nationalism above humanism? -Sujeet Kumar (Winner)
• Should India, Pakistan and Bangladesh become one country? List advantages and disadvantages. -JNANDEEP BORA (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: November - 2019

• Unemployment in India and the roadmap ahead. - SADIQUE MD YUSUF SHAIKH (Winner)
• Rural development – what are the possibilities?. - ZEENAT ABDUL KARIM SHAIKH
• Rural development – what are the possibilities?. - NIVEDITA ROY (Winner)
• Can live in relationships be considered a new age form of marriage? - shuvajyoti dutta
• Can live in relationships be considered a new age form of marriage? - JNANDEEP BORA. (Winner)
• What does the youth of India want? Engaging the youth. - Shaoni Chakraborty
• What does the youth of India want? Engaging the youth. - Rachna Gupta (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: October - 2019

• Biased Media is a real threat to Indian Democracy. - Sangeeta paul (Winner)
• Biased Media is a real threat to Indian Democracy. - Surya M
• Rise of Artificial Intelligence : the threat of jobless future through reskilling and upskilling - Maryam Maqsood (Winner)
• Courage to accept and decision to improve are two keys to success - SRISHAKTHI.M (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: September - 2019

• How Important the Role of a Housewife to India’s Economic Growth? - Srishakthi.M
• Feeding India's Billion plus Population , the Roadmap Ahead. - Uday Kiran.D
• What Does Marriage Mean to the Millennials in India? - Surya. M
• What Does Marriage Mean to the Millennials in India? - Abraham Johnson Anchaniyil.
• Feeding India's Billion plus Population , the Roadmap Ahead. - Niharika Tahasheeldar
• Tree Plantation Drives, Are They Enough to Get Sufficient Rains - Prathamesh Mahajan
• Feeding India's Billion plus Population , the Roadmap Ahead. - Krupan.P.M (Winner)
• Feeding India's Billion plus Population , the Roadmap Ahead. - Goutham.R
• What Does Marriage Mean to the Millennials in India? - Jnandeep Bora (Winner)
• How Important the Role of a Housewife to India’s Economic Growth? - Nikita Mehta
• Feeding India's Billion plus Population , the Roadmap Ahead. - Shuvajyoti Dutta

Selected Essay Topics: August - 2019

• Fulfilment of ”new Women” in India Is a Myth - Dr.Rashmi Bhat.
• Fulfilment of ”new Women” in India Is a Myth - Yohalakshmi Nethi Gopalakrishnan
• Farming Has Lost the Ability to Be a Source of Subsistence for Majority of Farmers in India - M.Surya (Winner)
• Is There Enough Employment for the Youth of India? What Can Be Done? - Jnandeep Bora. (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: July - 2019

• Customary Morality Cannot Be a Guide to Modern Life - Karthiayani Nair
• A Good Life Is One Inspired by Love and Guided by Knowledge - Krupan P M (Winner)
• A People That Values Its Privileges above Its Principles, Loses Both - Shuvajyoti Dutta

Selected Essay Topics: June - 2019

• Alternative Technologies for Climate Change. - Surya
• Alternative Technologies for Climate Change. - Sayyed Samreen Roomi
• Poverty Anywhere is a Threat to Prosperity Everywhere. - Durgesh Kumar Singh (Winner)
• Poverty Anywhere is a Threat to Prosperity Everywhere. - Mimansa Sahrawat
• Poverty Anywhere is a Threat to Prosperity Everywhere. - Jnandeep Bora

Selected Essay Topics: May - 2019

• Rise of Religious Terrorism in Sri Lanka - Sayed Nishat Tanaum (Winner)
• India's Decision to Create Indo-pacific Division. - Malavika.R
• The Proposal to Allow Dentist Practice as General Physician. - Reshma Bhat.DR

Selected Essay Topics: April - 2019

• Rahul Gandhi's minimum income guarantee scheme - Harshini Manthripragada (Winner)

Selected Essay Topics: March - 2019

• Priyanka Gandhi and her entry into politics - JNANDEEP BORA (Winner)
• Pulwama terror attack and its aftermath - Amit Aseri (Selected)
• Government announcement of No tax for income till Rs. 5 lakh - Sneha Lad (Selected)

Essay Topics: February - 2019

• 10 Per Cent Reservation For General Category - Veena Goyal (Winner)
• 10 Per Cent Reservation For General Category - Manish Kumar (Selected)
• Economic Offenders in India - Abraham Johnson Achaniyil (Selected)

Essay Topics: January - 2019

• Plastic ban in India - Manish Kumar (Winner)
• Importance of reservation of seats for women in Parliament - Dr Rashmi Bhat (Selected)
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Civil Service Essay Contest March 2024

• Changing trends in the female workforce, how it can be harnessed for better growth.
• How is the startup scene in India contributing to the GDP?

Civil Service Essay Contest (December 2023)

• Is the caste barrier breaking due to increased love marriages in India? Views : 1320
• Is the caste barrier breaking due to increased love marriages in India? Views : 1830

Current Affairs Analysis

Upsc civil service examination 2024 notification to be out on february 14, check details.

Views : 3658

Tsunamis are here to stay as it hits Japan

Views : 5414

Floods and the Monsoon in India

Views : 5271

Use of AI in the field of meteorological research

Views : 1167

Update on National TB Elimination Programme

Views : 6541

Goa Liberation Day

Views : 6199

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Current Affairs 30th March 2024 for UPSC Prelims Exam

StudyIQ offers Daily Current Affairs and Important News for UPSC Exam 2024. Check here Current Affairs of 30th March 2024 for UPSC Exam and State PSC Exam.

Table of Contents

Great Indian Bustard

Context: The Supreme Court of India is re-evaluating its April 2021 order for underground power lines in GIB habitats , following the Centre’s claim of the order being practically impossible to implement over long distances.

More in News

• A seven-member committee has been established by the court to recommend measures for the protection and conservation of the GIB , which may include burying power lines in critical areas.
• Less than 150 critically endangered GIBs are left in the wild.
• Collisions with power lines are a major threat to GIBs.
• A 2020 study by the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) estimated that power lines kill around 84,000 birds of multiple species every year in the GIB habita
• Free-ranging dogs
• Pesticides in farmlands
• Loss of grassland and nesting sites

• Captive breeding program : Sam in Jaisalmer district, a chick was hatched through artificial incubation.
• Habitat restoration and protection initiatives.

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UNSC Resolution on Gaza

Context: The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) called for an immediate ceasefire and the unconditional release of all hostages between Israel and Hamas after the United States abstained from the vote.

U.S., Israel and UNSC

• Historically, the US has frequently used its veto power to protect Israel, vetoing 45 resolutions critical of Israel out of a total of 89 US vetoes in the UNSC as of December 2023.
• To secure votes from the Arab and Muslim communities and the Democratic party’s left-wing In the upcoming presidential election.
• Various political pressures at home and abroad.

Enforceability of the UNSC Resolution

• UN General Assembly resolutions are recommendations reflecting member states’ positions.
• UN Security Council resolutions are more prescriptive.
• Chapter 6: Resolutions under Chapter 6 are not binding but encourage peaceful resolutions to disputes.
• Chapter 7: Resolutions under Chapter 7 are binding and authorise enforcement actions like sanctions or military intervention.
• Enforcement Challenges : Even Chapter 7 resolutions can be difficult to enforce if a country refuses to comply (e.g. Israel).
• The UN Security Council can authorise sanctions, travel bans, or military intervention.
• These options are unlikely to be used in this specific case.

Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA)

Context: The Union Home Ministry extended the validity of the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) registered NGOs and associations.

About Foreign Contribution Regulation Act

• Enacted in 1976 during the Emergency period to address concerns about foreign interference in India’s internal affairs.
• The FCRA is a legislative framework established by the Indian Parliament to oversee the receipt and usage of foreign contributions by individuals, associations, and companies.
• The Act disallows accepting foreign funds for activities considered harmful to India’s national interests.
• Entities must obtain government approval to accept foreign funding.
• The FCRA is enforced through collaboration among various central and state government bodies, alongside a network of institutions and individuals.

Key Amendments

• 2010 Amendment : Strengthened regulations on acceptance and use of foreign contributions, emphasising national interest protection.
• 2020 Amendment : Introduced restrictions on fund transfers, reduced administrative expense allowance from 50% to 20%, and mandated a specific SBI branch in New Delhi for foreign fund receipts.

FCRA 2022 Rules Update :

• Expanded the list of compoundable offences and increased the foreign contribution limit from relatives without government notification to Rs 10 lakh.
• Extended the deadline for notifying the government about new bank accounts.

FCRA Registration Criteria and Regulations

• Eligibility : FCRA registrations are issued to entities engaged in specific sectors such as culture, economy, education, religion, and social work.
• Applicant Authenticity : Applicants must be genuine, not fictitious or in someone else’s name, and must not have engaged in forced or induced religious conversions.
• Validity Period: An FCRA registration remains valid for five years, requiring renewal submissions six months before its expiration.
• Cancellation Conditions : Registrations can be revoked if false information is discovered in the application.
• Post-Cancellation Restrictions: NGOs with cancelled registrations face a three-year prohibition on re-registration.
• Suspension Authority : The government can suspend an NGO’s registration for up to 180 days during investigations and can also freeze its financial assets.
• Legal Recourse : Decisions made by the government regarding FCRA matters can be appealed in the High Court.

Prohibited Activities

• Bans fictitious or deceptive entities.
• Forbids involvement in religious conversions and activities causing communal unrest or sedition.
• Restricts certain individuals and organisations, including political entities and government officials, from receiving foreign funds.

Examples, Data and Case Studies For Value Addition

• Role Of Women (GS 1): In Nalbari, a district in western Assam, India, an innovative campaign was launched to encourage women to participate more actively in the voting process. This initiative emerged due to the lower voter turnout among women compared to men in previous elections.
• A significant presence of female officials in key positions, including the District Commissioner and District Election Officer.
• Over 300 women polling personnel and women officers donned pink apparel, the traditional Assamese attire, in mekhela chador, and engaged with the public.
• The implementation of Systematic Voters’ Education and Electoral Participation (SVEEP) activities aimed at educating and motivating all sections of society to vote.

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The Hindu Editorial Analysis- 29th March 2024 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

Understanding India’s coal imports

Why in news.

India's coal imports surged by 30% to reach 162.46 million tonnes during the 2022-23 fiscal year, up from 124.99 MT in the preceding year. This data originates from a report unveiled by mjunction, an online platform for business-to-business transactions jointly owned by Steel Authority of India (SAIL) and Tata Steel.

• The aforementioned report was published by mjunction, an e-commerce platform facilitating business-to-business transactions, formed through a partnership between Steel Authority of India (SAIL) and Tata Steel.

India's Coal Production and Consumption

• India ranks among the top five global coal producers.
• Despite its significant production capacity, India still imports coal to fulfill a portion of its demand.
• Coal plays a crucial role in India, primarily in power generation and various industrial processes.

Import of Coking Coal

• The import of coking coal increased by 5.44% to reach 54.46 million metric tons compared to 51.65 million metric tons in FY22, as reported by mjunction.
• Coking coal serves as a vital raw material in the steel manufacturing industry.
• In March 2023, the import of non-coking coal amounted to 13.88 million metric tons, up from 12.61 million metric tons in the same period last year.
• In addition to coking and non-coking coal, India imported a total of 249.06 million metric tons of various coal types in FY23, representing a notable increase from 200.71 million metric tons in FY22, marking a rise of more than 24%.

Why Does India Import Coal?

India engages in coal imports primarily for the following reasons:

• Energy Demand: India's increasing energy requirements, especially in sectors like power generation and steel production, necessitate importing coal.
• Quality Disparities: The domestic coal quality often falls short of the desired standards for certain industries, compelling India to import superior-grade coal.
• Infrastructure Deficiencies: Inadequate transport infrastructure impedes the distribution of domestically mined coal, prompting the need for imports to meet demand.
• Price Competitiveness: Fluctuations in global coal prices sometimes make it more cost-effective for India to import coal rather than rely solely on domestic sources.

Challenges in India's Coal Sector:

• Lack of Good Quality Coal: India faces limitations in quality within its domestic coal reserves. The country lacks sufficient reserves of high-quality coking coal crucial for steelmaking and related industries. Consequently, India resorts to coal imports to offset this deficiency.
• Growing Energy Demand: India's energy requirements are on a constant rise due to population expansion and rapid urban development. Coal plays a vital role in India's energy mix, necessitating coal imports to cater to its escalating energy needs.
• Infrastructure Constraints: Various factors such as geological limitations, challenges in land acquisition, and environmental regulations restrict domestic coal production in India. Moreover, the inadequate domestic coal transport infrastructure and the considerable distance between many power plants and coal mines make importing coal a more feasible choice.
• Better Quality and Cost-Effectiveness: Importing coal from other nations can sometimes be more cost-efficient than domestic production, particularly when the imported coal surpasses the quality of domestic coal.
• Coking Coal: A type of coal essential in steel production.
• Anthracite: A dense coal variety with a high carbon content.
• Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI Coal): A technique involving injecting pulverized coal into a blast furnace to enhance the iron-making process's efficiency.
• Met Coke: A coke variation produced by heating coal without air. It serves as a fuel in blast furnaces for iron production.
• Pet Coke: A carbon-rich material derived from oil refining, utilized as a fuel in industrial operations.

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30 Mar 2024: PIB Summary for UPSC

30 Mar 2024 PIB

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. International Year of Millets 2023

Syllabus: GS-3, Economy 

Prelims: International Year of Millets 2023

Context: The closing ceremony of the International Year of Millets (IYM) 2023 was held at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) headquarters in Rome, Italy. This global event, organized by FAO, marked the culmination of a year-long celebration dedicated to promoting the consumption and cultivation of millets worldwide.

• India’s achievements in promoting millets there is a thriving millet ecosystem in India, including startups, industries, and Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), and their role in increasing the adoption of millets.
• The event commended the international community for their commitment to advancing millet-related initiatives. It emphasized the crucial role of millets in achieving food security and nutrition for all, acknowledging the efforts of over 70 countries, including India, in declaring 2023 as the International Year of Millets.
• Achievements of IYM 2023: The year-long celebration successfully raised awareness about the nutritional and health benefits of millets, their suitability for cultivation under adverse climatic conditions, and the importance of creating sustainable market opportunities for producers and consumers. The closing ceremony served as a platform to reflect on the accomplishments of IYM 2023 and identify priorities for future investments in strengthening millet value chains.

Significance

• Global Collaboration: The closing ceremony showcased the collective efforts of the international community in promoting millets as a nutritious and sustainable food source. The participation of esteemed dignitaries from various countries and organizations underscored the global commitment to addressing food security and nutrition challenges.
• Awareness and Advocacy: IYM 2023 played a pivotal role in raising awareness about the benefits of millets among consumers, producers, policymakers, and other stakeholders. The event highlighted the importance of diversifying food systems and promoting traditional crops like millets to address malnutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

Read previous PIB articles here .

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