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Home > Student Publications and Other Works > Theses and Dissertations > Master's Theses > 4339
Tumor immunology: understanding the immune system and cancer to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.
Natasha Malibu Lenart Follow
Degree type, degree name.
Master of Science (MS)
Molecular Biology
Tumor cells are notorious for their ability to escape immune surveillance, but developments in the understanding of the tumor microenvironment and how the immune system can be re-activated in tumors have had significant clinical impact. Commercially available and experimental methods such as adoptive cellular therapy, cytokine stimulation, and immune checkpoint blockade are promising immunotherapies for a variety of cancers, including solid tumors and hematological malignancies. However, induction of persistent, long-term anti-tumor immunity after initial treatment is infamously difficult. as a result, scientists are searching for new approaches to improve established immunotherapies. by employing combination treatments or enhancing the functionality of cellular products prior to infusion, patients may experience better clinical outcomes through the development of more effective immunotherapies. This thesis reviews the function of the immune system in the tumor microenvironment and discusses how this knowledge is used within the field of tumor immunology to develop and enhance immunotherapy models.
Lenart, Natasha Malibu, "Tumor Immunology: Understanding the Immune System and Cancer to Enhance the Efficacy of Cancer Immunotherapies" (2020). Master's Theses . 4339. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/4339
Copyright © 2020 Natasha Malibu Lenart
Since April 27, 2021
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Master of science in cancer biology.
The Master of Science (M.S.) program in Cancer Biology prepares the student for a career at the advanced technical level in academia, industry, or government. Graduating students may also find teaching positions at the secondary or junior college level.
The application process is an online process. Application to this graduate program is facilitated through the Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences (IGPBS). Detailed instructions on how to apply and the application deadlines are posted on the Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences website http://www.kumc.edu/igpbs/how-to-apply.html .
Applicants will be assessed based on a combination of GPA, and research experience. Students not meeting the above requirements may be eligible for provisional admission. After an applicant has been admitted, a program may defer an applicant's admission for one year after which time the applicant must submit a new application.
Admission requirements are subject to change. In most cases, use the catalog of the year student entered the program. Other years’ catalogs ».
The Master of Science (M.S.) program in Cancer Biology prepares the student for a career at the advanced technical level in academia, industry, or government.
Degree requirements:
Code | Title | Hours |
---|---|---|
Proteins and Metabolism | 2 | |
Introduction to Biomedical Research I | 2 | |
Introduction to Research Ethics | 1 |
Code | Title | Hours |
---|---|---|
Mechanisms of Tumor Development and Progression: Colloquium Format | 3 | |
Tumor Microenvironment | 2 | |
Cancer Center Seminar | 1 | |
Communicating Cancer Science | 1 | |
Analysis of Scientific Papers | 1 | |
Master's Research in Cancer Biology | 1-10 | |
Master's Thesis in Cancer Biology | 1-10 | |
Carcinogenesis and Cancer Biology | 3 |
Code | Title | Hours |
---|---|---|
Cancer Biology courses | ||
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Signal Transduction in Cancer: Colloquium | 2 | |
Advanced Topics in Cancer Research | 1-5 | |
Other Department courses | ||
Graduate Histology | 3 | |
Advanced Developmental Biology | 2 | |
Methods for Analyzing Biomolecules | 3 | |
Advanced Molecular Genetics | 3 | |
Protein Structure and Function | 3 | |
Fundamentals of Biostatistics I | 3 | |
Fundamentals of Biostatistics II | 3 | |
Diet, Physical Activity & Cancer | 3 | |
Teaching in Higher Education | 3 | |
Immunology | 3 | |
Stem Cell Biology | 2 | |
Selected Topics in Signal Transduction | 1 | |
Epigenetics | 2 | |
General Principles of Pharmacology | 1 | |
Chemotherapy | 1 | |
Physiology of Disease | 3 | |
Course in fundamentals of biostatistics and/or informatics. |
Degree requirements and course descriptions are subject to change. Any courses taken as an equivalent must be approved by the Graduate Director and the Office of Graduate Studies. In most cases, use the catalog of the year student entered the program. Other years’ catalogs ».
Year 1 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fall | Hours | Spring | Hours | Summer | Hours |
GSMC 850 | 2 | CBIO 850 | 1 | CBIO 890 | 1-10 |
GSMC 852 | 2 | CBIO 860 (one presentation annually Fall or Spring) | 1 | May take an elective course from the student's chosen degree program in consultation with the student's advisor. | |
GSMC 856 | 1 | CBIO 870 | 1 | ||
CBIO 890 | 1-10 | CBIO 890 | 1-10 | ||
6-15 | 4-13 | 1-10 | |||
Year 2 | |||||
Fall | Hours | Spring | Hours | Summer | Hours |
3 | 3 | 1-10 | |||
1 | 1 | Elective | 1-3 | ||
(one presentation annually Fall or Spring) | 1 | (one presentation annually Fall or Spring) | 1 | ||
1 | 1 | ||||
1-10 | 1-10 | ||||
Elective | 1-3 | 1 | |||
Annual participation and/or attendance in the KU Cancer Center Research Retreats. | Annual participation and/or attendance in KUMC Student Research Forum. | ||||
8-19 | 8-17 | 2-13 | |||
Year 3 | |||||
Fall | Hours | Spring | Hours | ||
(alternating years) | 2 | (alternating years) | 2 | ||
1 | 1 | ||||
(one presentation annually Fall or Spring) | 1 | (one presentation annually Fall or Spring) | 1 | ||
1 | 1 | ||||
1-10 | 1-10 | ||||
Elective | 1-3 | Annual participation and/or attendance in KUMC Student Research Forum. | |||
Thesis defense scheduled semester approved by committee to graduate. | |||||
Annual participation and/or attendance in the KU Cancer Center Research Retreats. | |||||
7-18 | 6-15 | ||||
Total Hours 42-120 |
TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR THE M.S. IN CANCER BIOLOGY
The M.S. degree signifies that the holder is prepared for entry into research in industrial or academic laboratory settings. To that end, graduates must have the knowledge and skills to function in a broad variety of laboratory settings.
Disabled individuals are encouraged to apply. Applicants whose response indicates that they cannot meet the expectations will be reviewed by the Graduate Committee and Technical Support staff of KUMC to assess the extent of the student’s difficulties. At this review the provisions for reasonable accommodation will be determined.
For further information, contact the Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, 2003 Wahl Hall West, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, Kansas 66160 (Phone: (913) 945-7739 E-mail: [email protected]
STUDENT POLICY ON INFECTIOUS DISEASE
Due to the need to assure the health and safety of students, faculty, and staff, the fact that an applicant for admission has an infectious disease or is the carrier of an infectious disease may be a factor in determining eligibility for academic program admission at the University of Kansas Medical Center. Determination of eligibility for admission in such cases will be made on an individual basis in consultation with the applicant’s physician, taking into consideration (among other factors), legal requirements and the current best medical information available to determine whether the applicant could complete the normal course of study with reasonable accommodation and without risk to him/herself or to others. Therefore, applicants having an infectious disease or who are carriers of an infectious disease must advise the Graduate Committee of this fact and may be required to provide medical records for review by the Student Health Physician in order to determine eligibility for admission.
DRUG FREE WORKPLACE POLICY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
It is the policy of the University of Kansas that unlawful manufacture, distribution, dispensing, possession, or use of controlled substances or alcohol is prohibited in buildings, facilities, or grounds controlled by the University. Any student found to be illegally manufacturing, distributing, dispensing, possessing, or using controlled substances or alcohol at the University or any of its affiliated educational sites, shall be subject to disciplinary action in accordance with applicable policies as outlined in the Graduate Student Handbook . Students are reminded that illegal manufacture, distribution, dispensing, possession, or use of controlled substances may also subject individuals to criminal prosecution.
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2024-25 Entire Catalog
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School of medicine, cancer biology program cancer biology program, master of science in cancer biology, master of science cancer biology graduate program department of oncology (updated 10-16-2023), program description, the master of science (ms) program in cancer biology offers a strong didactic and laboratory curriculum in cancer biology with a major focus on molecular oncology. our goal is to provide intensive research training for students who are interested in a career in academia, medicine, industry, or related careers in which first-hand research experience is an asset. research interests in the department of oncology are diverse, allowing students to choose from a broad spectrum of topics for their research thesis. students are encouraged to attend monthly research seminars, along with karmanos cancer institute-sponsored research meetings and symposia. these regular interactions between students and faculty help our students develop oral communication and collaboration skills for future success., degree requirements, the master's degree in cancer biology is offered under plan a only. a minimum of 30 credits (eight of which must be from thesis research) and the completion of an original research project including a written master’s thesis are required to complete the requirements for the ms degree in cancer biology. the coursework includes 17 credits of compulsory courses and 5 credits of elective courses (below). a minimum gpa of 3.0 must be maintained throughout the ms program. students are required to complete two laboratory rotations by the second semester of year 1 of study in order to have a thesis advisor in place for beginning full time thesis research. the student and mentor should identify two additional faculty members to serve on the thesis committee. students should strive to publish one peer-reviewed paper in connection with the ms research., plan a curriculum (total 30 cr.), required courses (17 cr.):, mgg 7010 molecular biology & genetics (4 cr.) fall semester. bio 6000 molecular cell biology i (3 cr.) fall semester. cb 7210 fundamentals of cancer biology (3 cr.) winter semester. cb 7500 ms biostatistics (2 cr.) winter semester. cb 7510 - journal club/seminar ms, winter semester only (1 cr./ winter semester). total of 2 cr. over the course of the program. cb 7710 rotation (2 cr.) fall semester cb 7800 ethics (1 cr.) winter semester cb 8999 master’s thesis research (8 cr), elective courses (5 cr.): in addition to the courses listed above, students are allowed to select appropriate courses from other departments/programs across the campus., cb 7300 special topics (1-4 topics, 1 cr.) phc 7650 (1-4 topics, 1 cr.) psl 7880 special problems (1 cr.) admission requirements, admission to the ms program is contingent upon admission to the graduate school and the graduate programs of the school of medicine . qualified applicants must have a bs or ba degree from an accredited college or university, preferably with a major in biology, chemistry, physics, or a closely related discipline. a complete application includes the basic application form, personal statement, official transcripts from previous institutions, and three letters of reference. international students must be proficient in english (as determined by satisfactory performance on the test of english as a foreign language (toefl) examination). toefl scores should be reported to wayne state university using institution code 1898. applications must be submitted online by april 1 st . graduate school admissions policies can be found at the office of graduate admissions., contact information, administrative office for ms program in cancer biology department of oncology wayne state university school of medicine 421 e canfield street detroit, mi 48201, tel: 313-578-4302 email: [email protected].
This programme aims to train the next generation of leaders in translational oncology research by applying state-of-the-art techniques to address fundamental biology of cancer and how to optimise treatments for patients.
The Department of Oncology employs multidisciplinary approaches from physics, biology, chemistry and mathematical modelling to investigate DNA biology and epigenetics, cell and environmental biology of tumour tissue and both systemic and local immunological responses in cancer. The programme focuses on expanding scientific knowledge with a particular focus on therapies involving drug discovery or action and combination therapies with radiotherapy.
The MSc by Research in Oncology course accepts students for one to three years of study, however, the majority of students in this department complete their project in a year. Applications are accepted from both basic scientists and clinicians.
In the first instance interested applicants are advised to review the department’s website to identify potential supervisors based on their research area of interest. Selecting the correct research projects is a hugely important first step so it is recommended that you contact a potential supervisor directly to discuss possibilities. Each researcher has their own profile page with their contact details listed.
This course does not include a timetable of lectures but there is a wide range of courses and workshops you will be able to attend to acquire skills that will be necessary for the pursuance and presentation of your research, as well as your professional development as a research scientist. The Department of Oncology provides an induction to the department in the first weeks of study and encourages attendance at divisional and University induction events.
You will be encouraged to make the most of the doctoral training and research methods provision available across the Medical Sciences Division and to attend departmental and divisional seminars. As an MSc by Research student you will be given the opportunity to present your work at a variety of seminars and sessions in the department.
You will be encouraged to attend training opportunities that include both subject-specific and generic research and transferable skills.
The course is full-time and requires attendance in Oxford. Full-time students are subject to the University's Residence requirements.
Provision exists for students on some courses to undertake their research in a ‘well-founded laboratory’ outside of the University. This may require travel to and attendance at a site that is not located in Oxford. Where known, existing collaborations will be outlined on this page. Please read the course information carefully, including the additional information about course fees and costs.
As a graduate student, you will have access to the University's wide range of world-class resources including libraries, museums, galleries, digital resources and IT services.
The Bodleian Libraries is the largest library system in the UK. It includes the main Bodleian Library and libraries across Oxford, including major research libraries and faculty, department and institute libraries. Together, the Libraries hold more than 13 million printed items, provide access to e-journals, and contain outstanding special collections including rare books and manuscripts, classical papyri, maps, music, art and printed ephemera.
The University's IT Services is available to all students to support with core university IT systems and tools, as well as many other services and facilities. IT Services also offers a range of IT learning courses for students, to support with learning and research.
Students are provided with laboratory workspace, desk space and IT facilities in support of their research. In addition there are on-site library and social facilities.
You will be admitted directly to a particular research area led by a Principal Investigator who will be appointed your supervisor. You will be based in a research lab and undertake research on a subject agreed with your supervisor. All MSc by Research candidates are assigned two supervisors in total, one acting as the main day-to-day research supervisor and the second as an additional academic mentor.
The allocation of graduate supervision is the responsibility of the Department of Oncology and it is not always possible to accommodate the preferences of incoming graduate students to work with a particular member of staff.
Students will normally have two strands of supervision and the support of the Director of Graduate Studies, as well as administrative support within the department. Students can expect to meet with their supervisors several times each month, depending upon the requirements of their research project.
Assessment for this master's degree course is by submission of a thesis and a viva with two examiners.
You will begin your course as a probationary research student (PRS). Towards the end of your first year you will apply to transfer to “MSc by Research” status. To transfer your status, you must apply formally, submit a research report and statement of future research plans, and take an independent assessment by two assessors. Progression on the course is dependent upon passing the Transfer of Status assessment.
Following successful completion of the transfer assessment then candidates will progress and are able to submit their thesis prior to examination by viva.
Many graduates have progressed to PhD/DPhil positions either at Oxford or at other UK or international universities.
The University will seek to deliver this course in accordance with the description set out in this course page. However, there may be situations in which it is desirable or necessary for the University to make changes in course provision, either before or after registration. The safety of students, staff and visitors is paramount and major changes to delivery or services may have to be made if a pandemic, epidemic or local health emergency occurs. In addition, in certain circumstances, for example due to visa difficulties or because the health needs of students cannot be met, it may be necessary to make adjustments to course requirements for international study.
Where possible your academic supervisor will not change for the duration of your course. However, it may be necessary to assign a new academic supervisor during the course of study or before registration for reasons which might include illness, sabbatical leave, parental leave or change in employment.
For further information please see our page on changes to courses and the provisions of the student contract regarding changes to courses.
Proven and potential academic excellence.
The requirements described below are specific to this course and apply only in the year of entry that is shown. You can use our interactive tool to help you evaluate whether your application is likely to be competitive .
We know that factors such as socio-economic circumstances and school performance can make it difficult for students to demonstrate their full potential. This course is taking part in an initiative to use contextual data to help us to better understand your achievements in the context of your individual background. For further details, please refer to the information about improving access to graduate study in the How to apply section of this page.
Please be aware that any studentships that are linked to this course may have different or additional requirements and you should read any studentship information carefully before applying. Contextual data may also be used in the assessment of studentships.
As a minimum, applicants should hold or be predicted to achieve the following UK qualifications or their equivalent:
However, entrance is highly competitive and most successful applicants have a first-class degree or the equivalent.
For applicants with a bachelor's degree from the USA, the minimum overall GPA that is normally required to meet the undergraduate-level requirement is 3.5 out of 4.0. However, entrance is highly competitive and it is anticipated that most successful applicants will have obtained a GPA of 3.7 or higher.
If your degree is not from the UK or another country specified above, visit our International Qualifications page for guidance on the qualifications and grades that would usually be considered to meet the University’s minimum entry requirements.
No Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or GMAT scores are sought.
All students are cleared for security. Non-EU students will require approval from the Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) for courses at the Department of Oncology.
This course requires proficiency in English at the University's standard level . If your first language is not English, you may need to provide evidence that you meet this requirement. The minimum scores required to meet the University's standard level are detailed in the table below.
Test | Minimum overall score | Minimum score per component |
---|---|---|
IELTS Academic (Institution code: 0713) | 7.0 | 6.5 |
TOEFL iBT, including the 'Home Edition' (Institution code: 0490) | 100 | Listening: 22 Reading: 24 Speaking: 25 Writing: 24 |
C1 Advanced* | 185 | 176 |
C2 Proficiency | 185 | 176 |
*Previously known as the Cambridge Certificate of Advanced English or Cambridge English: Advanced (CAE) † Previously known as the Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English or Cambridge English: Proficiency (CPE)
Your test must have been taken no more than two years before the start date of your course. Our Application Guide provides further information about the English language test requirement .
If your ability to meet the entry requirements has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic (eg you were awarded an unclassified/ungraded degree) or any other exceptional personal circumstance (eg other illness or bereavement), please refer to the guidance on extenuating circumstances in the Application Guide for information about how to declare this so that your application can be considered appropriately.
You will need to register three referees who can give an informed view of your academic ability and suitability for the course. The How to apply section of this page provides details of the types of reference that are required in support of your application for this course and how these will be assessed.
You will be required to supply supporting documents with your application. The How to apply section of this page provides details of the supporting documents that are required as part of your application for this course and how these will be assessed.
Interviews are normally held as part of the admissions process. It is expected that interviews will be scheduled in January and will normally be held by video conference.
Shortlisting meetings to consider applicants for interview include a minimum of two academics and the interview panel includes a minimum of two academics. The format of the interview is a five minute presentation of your research experience or recent scientific project, followed by a question-and-answer session designed to investigate your:
If you receive an offer of a place at Oxford, your offer will outline any conditions that you need to satisfy and any actions you need to take, together with any associated deadlines. These may include academic conditions, such as achieving a specific final grade in your current degree course. These conditions will usually depend on your individual academic circumstances and may vary between applicants. Our ' After you apply ' pages provide more information about offers and conditions .
In addition to any academic conditions which are set, you will also be required to meet the following requirements:
If you are offered a place, you will be required to complete a Financial Declaration in order to meet your financial condition of admission.
In accordance with the University’s obligations towards students and staff, we will ask you to declare any relevant, unspent criminal convictions before you can take up a place at Oxford.
Some postgraduate research students in science, engineering and technology subjects will need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate prior to applying for a Student visa (under the Student Route) . For some courses, the requirement to apply for an ATAS certificate may depend on your research area.
The following factors will also govern whether candidates can be offered places:
The Department of Oncology has an established graduate training programme for science graduates and clinical research fellows under the leadership of Professor Mark Middleton.
It is one of the largest departments in the University of Oxford’s Medical Sciences Division. It houses over 400 staff and graduate students, both clinical and non-clinical, and brings together research and clinical groups from across Oxford who are based at the Old Road Campus Research Building (ORCRB), the Radiobiology Research Institute (RRI), the Weatherall Institute for Molecular Medicine (WIMM) and the NHS Cancer and Haematology Centre.
The Department of Oncology is located in the Old Road Campus Research Building, which includes a large communal atrium containing seating and a cafeteria, and houses the Knowledge Centre, one of the Bodleian Health Care Libraries, which offers workspaces and subject collections.
The department offers promising graduates a broad range of multidisciplinary and translational cancer research projects. As a result, its graduates come from a wide range of scientific backgrounds, including biology, medicine, engineering, mathematics, chemistry, and physics. The department prides itself on supporting and training the next generation of world leaders in cancer research to ensure its research continues over the long term.
The department's ethos is to improve treatment of cancer patients by harnessing Oxford University’s scientific research prowess and translating this into an impactful benefit to cancer patients through our own clinical trials. Working together to achieve this aim, we have renowned experts alongside cutting-edge scientists that collaborate across the university to understand the biology of cancer and how to best adopt new therapeutic strategies in medical and clinical oncology.
Research in the department is focused on the biology of cancer and how to translate discoveries into better treatments for patients. The department research strategy centres around the three core themes of DNA (including DNA damage, repair, and replication), cell and tissue biology (tumour microenvironment), and immuno-oncology (including cancer vaccines and virotherapy). Details of individual research groups which work within each of these themes can be found on the department website.
Students work alongside and learn from leaders in their field, and are provided with a world- class academic environment. They benefit from excellent support services, including a comprehensive portfolio of personal and professional skills development.
The Medical Sciences Division training opportunities cover all aspects of research-related or technical skills, such as ethics, data analysis and statistics and bioinformatics; communications skills including scientific writing and oral and poster presentations, careers and personal development such as personal effectiveness and career planning; and finally academic practice including grant writing, teaching and intellectual property.
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If you apply by the December deadline shown on this page and receive a course offer, your application will then be considered for Oxford scholarships. For the majority of Oxford scholarships, your application will automatically be assessed against the eligibility criteria, without needing to make a separate application. There are further Oxford scholarships available which have additional eligibility criteria and where you are required to submit a separate application. Most scholarships are awarded on the basis of academic merit and/or potential.
To ensure that you are considered for Oxford scholarships that require a separate application, for which you may be eligible, use our fees, funding and scholarship search tool to identify these opportunities and find out how to apply. Alongside Oxford scholarships, you should also consider other opportunities for which you may be eligible including a range of external funding , loan schemes for postgraduate study and any other scholarships which may also still be available after the December deadline as listed on our fees, funding and scholarship search tool .
Details of college-specific funding opportunities can also be found on individual college websites:
Select from the list:
Please refer to the College preference section of this page to identify which of the colleges listed above accept students for this course.
For the majority of college scholarships, it doesn’t matter which college, if any, you state a preference for in your application. If another college is able to offer you a scholarship, your application can be moved to that college if you accept the scholarship. Some college scholarships may require you to state a preference for that college when you apply, so check the eligibility requirements carefully.
Further information about funding opportunities for this course can be found on the department's website.
Home | £10,070 |
Overseas | £33,370 |
Course fees are payable each year, for the duration of your fee liability (your fee liability is the length of time for which you are required to pay course fees). For courses lasting longer than one year, please be aware that fees will usually increase annually. For details, please see our guidance on changes to fees and charges .
Course fees cover your teaching as well as other academic services and facilities provided to support your studies. Unless specified in the additional information section below, course fees do not cover your accommodation, residential costs or other living costs. They also don’t cover any additional costs and charges that are outlined in the additional information below.
Following the period of fee liability , you may also be required to pay a University continuation charge and a college continuation charge. The University and college continuation charges are shown on the Continuation charges page.
The Fees and Funding section of this website provides further information about course fees , including information about fee status and eligibility and your length of fee liability .
There are no compulsory elements of this course that entail additional costs beyond fees (or, after fee liability ends, continuation charges) and living costs. However, please note that, depending on your choice of research topic and the research required to complete it, you may incur additional expenses, such as travel expenses, research expenses, and field trips. You will need to meet these additional costs, although you may be able to apply for small grants from your department and/or college to help you cover some of these expenses.
In addition to your course fees and any additional course-specific costs, you will need to ensure that you have adequate funds to support your living costs for the duration of your course.
For the 2025-26 academic year, the range of likely living costs for a single, full-time student is between £1,425 and £2,035 for each month spent in Oxford. We provide the cost per month so you can multiply up by the number of months you expect to live in Oxford. Depending on your circumstances, you may also need to budget for the costs of a student visa and immigration health surcharge and/or living costs for family members or other dependants that you plan to bring with you to Oxford (assuming that dependant visa eligibility criteria are met).
The current economic climate and high national rate of inflation make it very hard to estimate potential changes to the cost of living over the next few years. For study in Oxford beyond the 2025-26 academic year, it is suggested that you budget for potential increases in living expenses of around 4% each year – although this rate may vary depending on the national economic situation. For further information, please consult our more detailed information about living costs , which includes a breakdown of likely living costs in Oxford for items such as food, accommodation and study costs.
Students enrolled on this course will belong to both a department/faculty and a college. Please note that ‘college’ and ‘colleges’ refers to all 43 of the University’s colleges, including those designated as societies and permanent private halls (PPHs).
If you apply for a place on this course you will have the option to express a preference for one of the colleges listed below, or you can ask us to find a college for you. Before deciding, we suggest that you read our brief introduction to the college system at Oxford and our advice about expressing a college preference .
If you are a current Oxford student and you would like to remain at your current Oxford college, you should check whether it is listed below. If it is, you should indicate this preference when you apply. If not, you should contact your college office to ask whether they would be willing to make an exception. Further information about staying at your current college can be found in our Application Guide.
The following colleges accept students on the MSc by Research in Oncology:
We strongly recommend you consult the Medical Sciences Graduate School's research themes to identify the most suitable course and supervisor .
Our guide to getting started provides general advice on how to prepare for and start your application. You can use our interactive tool to help you evaluate whether your application is likely to be competitive .
If it's important for you to have your application considered under a particular deadline – eg under the December deadline in order to be considered for Oxford scholarships – we recommend that you aim to complete and submit your application at least two weeks in advance . Check the deadlines on this page and the information about deadlines and when to apply in our Application Guide.
An application fee of £20 is payable for each application to this course. Application fee waivers are available for the following applicants who meet the eligibility criteria:
You are encouraged to check whether you're eligible for an application fee waiver before you apply.
You should contact a Group Head via the Oncology website before you apply in order to arrange either to apply to an open project, or to gain the Group Head's support for an independently written research project.
General enquiries about the course can be directed to the course administrator, via the contact details provided on this page.
This course is taking part in initiatives to improve the selection procedure for graduate applications, to ensure that all candidates are evaluated fairly.
Socio-economic data (where it has been provided in the application form) will be used as part of an initiative to contextualise applications at the different stages of the selection process.
You should refer to the information below when completing the application form, paying attention to the specific requirements for the supporting documents .
For this course, the application form will include questions that collect information that would usually be included in a CV/résumé. You should not upload a separate document. If a separate CV/résumé is uploaded, it will be removed from your application .
If any document does not meet the specification, including the stipulated word count, your application may be considered incomplete and not assessed by the academic department. Expand each section to show further details.
You must enter the project you are applying to under 'Field and title of research project' on the 'Course' tab of the application form.
You should not use this field to type out a full research proposal. You will be able to upload your research supporting materials separately if they are required (as described below).
Under 'Proposed supervisor name' enter the name of the academic(s) whom you would like to supervise your research.
Whilst you must register three referees, the department may start the assessment of your application if two of the three references are submitted by the course deadline and your application is otherwise complete. Please note that you may still be required to ensure your third referee supplies a reference for consideration.
Academic references are strongly encouraged, though you may use up to one professional reference provided that it is relevant to the course.
Your references will support intellectual ability, academic achievement, motivation and ability to work in a group.
Your transcripts should give detailed information of the individual grades received in your university-level qualifications to date. You should only upload official documents issued by your institution and any transcript not in English should be accompanied by a certified translation.
More information about the transcript requirement is available in the Application Guide.
You should provide a statement of your research interests, in English, describing how your background and research interests relate to the programme. If possible, please ensure that the word count is clearly displayed on the document.
It will be normal for students’ ideas and goals to change in some ways as they undertake their studies, but your personal statement will enable you to demonstrate your current interests and aspirations.
The statement should focus on academic or research-related achievements and interests rather than personal achievements and interests.
This will be assessed for:
You can start or return to an application using the relevant link below. As you complete the form, please refer to the requirements above and consult our Application Guide for advice .
Apply Continue application
Your application (including the supporting documents outlined above) will be assessed against the entry requirements detailed on this course page. Whether or not you have secured funding will not be taken into consideration when your application is assessed. You can find out more about our shortlisting and selection process in our detailed guide to what happens next.
Find out how to manage your application after submission , using our Applicant Self-Service tool.
Open to applications for entry in 2025-26
12:00 midday UK time on:
Latest deadline for most Oxford scholarships Applications may remain open after this deadline if places are still available - see below
If places are still available, applications may be accepted after 3 December . The Admission status (above) will provide notice of any later deadline.
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Search for solutions to one of medicine's greatest challenges with an innovative Cancer Research MS from UNMC.
Advancement in the detection and treatment of cancer continues to accelerate through ground-breaking research, yet cancer remains one of the most complex and challenging problems of biomedical research.
As a cancer researcher, you'll work to better understand the causes of cancer, improve the methods for diagnosis and improve treatment and prevention methods. The answers you find may save a life you know — or your own.
We're in an exciting new dawn in biomedical science where we will see many cures previously deemed impossible.
Cancer research is a key area of research at UNMC. Researchers at UNMC are engaged in work that addresses the root causes of cancer, as well as the means of enhancing the detection and treatment. This research employs a wide range of animal and cellular model systems, includes both basic and translational research, and focuses heavily on the molecular basis of cancer. As a result, you'll receive broad-based training in all aspects of cancer biology and employ cutting-edge experimental approaches.
Our innovative program trains future scientists to approach cancer research knowledgeably and creatively and to enter careers in which they can make a significant contribution.
Financial benefits.
All Cancer Research MS students receive a stipend of $20,000 and a tuition waiver. Additionally, UNMC students fees and health insurance are paid for the student.
Graduates with the UNMC Cancer Research MS degree have taken positions in personalized medicine counseling, in management of research laboratories, and in directing community-based health projects. Graduates have gone on to careers such as bench scientist with an international pharmaceutical company, research associate at a research technology company, and as manager in research laboratory.
Sample careers include:
The Eppley Institute is fighting cancer with some of the brightest minds in science. Faculty and students have access to state-of-the-art research equipment both within the Eppley Institute and in other shared on-campus facilities.
Students interested in this program may wish to explore:
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Home > Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports > 1066
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Pushkar Khairnar , Michigan Technological University Follow
Document type.
Campus Access Master's Thesis
Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering (MS)
Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics
Susanta Ghosh
Shiva Rudraraju
Benjamin W. Ong
Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer in women. Histopathological imaging data can provide important information on cancer since it preserves the underlying tissue architecture in the preparation process. Accurate and automated classification of breast tissue into malignant or healthy from histological images can be used for the diagnosis of breast cancer. However, publicly available labeled histopathological datasets are limited in size and also biased. For such datasets, existing machine learning classifiers have shown limited success. The goal of the present work is to develop a classification technique using machine learning, which can overcome the challenge posed by small and biased datasets. This technique will reduce the inaccuracy of the image analysis, and quantify the uncertainty in their prediction.
The field of computer vision and neural networks are aimed at improving the accuracy of image analysis by various network architectures on algorithms. Plain feed-forward neural networks have been successfully used for pattern recognition, but their performance is good only when the data is sufficiently large. When the data size is limited, neural networks yield erroneous or overfitted results, since they don't take the uncertainty of the dataset into account. These feed-forward neural networks learn their weights as point estimates or a deterministic value. Whereas, a Bayesian neural network learns a probability distribution on the weights. The loss function used in Bayesian neural networks is known as a Variational Free Energy (VFE) or Evidence Lower Bound (ELBO) which is to be optimized. Since the Bayesian approach provides probability distributions on the weights of the neural networks, it is possible to calculate the variance of the predictive posterior probability distribution, which is the sum of aleatoric and the epistemic uncertainty. Uncertainty quantification, along with the point estimate, leads to a more informed decision, improved accuracy, and reduced overfitting. In critical applications, especially medical-imaging applications, uncertainty quantification can potentially reduce the unexpected and incorrect results due to the poor decisions. In this thesis, we have worked on the application of Bayesian neural networks on publicly available histopathological images for the detection of breast cancer and uncertainty quantification of the prediction. We have demonstrated that using the Bayesian CNN, the false-negative predictions can be reduced remarkably, by almost 22%. We have found that the predictions associated with higher epistemic uncertainties have features of both the classes. These findings should improve the state of the art machine learning-based biomedical imaging.
Khairnar, Pushkar, "A BAYESIAN CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK BASED CLASSIFIER TO DETECT BREAST CANCER FROM HISTOPATHOLOGICAL IMAGES AND UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION", Campus Access Master's Thesis, Michigan Technological University, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.etdr/1066
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Master of Science thesis defence in Computer Science
Antor Mahmud, a Master of Science candidate in the Department of Computer Science, will defend his thesis titled “Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning on Knowledge Graph Embeddings via Contrastive Alignment ” on Tuesday, September 24 at 10 AM., in PL600F.
The examination committee includes Naser Ezzati-Jivan, Chair; Renata Queiroz Dividino, Supervisor; Glaucio H.S. de Carvalho, External Examiner (Brock University); and Brian Ross and Robson de Grande, Committee Members.
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Theses/Dissertations from 2022. PDF. Omics Analysis in Cancer and Development, Emalie J. Clement. PDF. Investigating the Role of Splenic Macrophages in Pancreatic Cancer, Daisy V. Gonzalez. PDF. Polymeric Chloroquine in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Therapy, Rubayat Islam Khan. PDF. Evaluating Targets and Therapeutics for the Treatment of ...
Biological and lifestyle predictors of survival in head and neck cancer. Author: Beynon, R. A., 23 Jun 2020. ... Student thesis: Master's Thesis › Master of Science by Research (MScR) File. Evolving Morphological Adaption Methods in Compliant Robots Author: Walker, K. E., 23 Mar 2021.
the critical role of nac1 in triple-negative breast cancer stemness and immunosuppression, chrispus ngule. pdf. therapeutic approaches and novel mechansims in cancer progression, kendall simpson. theses/dissertations from 2023 pdf. elucidating the functional importance of peroxiredoxin iv in prostate cancer and its secretion mechanism, na ding. pdf
Matriptase Mediated C-Met Signaling In Breast Cancer, Gina Lynn Zoratti. Theses/Dissertations from 2013 PDF. The Bca2 And Ampk Paradigm: Unraveling The Cancer Connection, Daniela (buac) Ventro. PDF. Expression And Regulation Of Map Kinase Phosphatases 1 And 2 In Breast Cancer Tamoxifen Sensitivity, Kelly Haagenson. PDF
The work in this thesis was conducted at the Tumor Biology Department, Institute of Cancer Research at Oslo university Hospital, Radium Hospital from January 2020 to May 2021. Firstly, I would like to express sincere gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Kotryna Seip for giving so much time and effort to help me with this thesis.
Truman, S.(2017). The Impact of Autoimmune Disease on Breast Cancer Survival. (Master's thesis). Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/4388 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons.
Scientists with Master of Science degrees can make many important contributions related to cancer, which is a very widespread and often deadly disease. Students have the option of obtaining a Cancer Research MS degree after writing a research thesis (Thesis Option) or without a research thesis (Non-Thesis Option).
In this thesis we utilize gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify prognostic biomarkers and predictors of potential response to immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and metastatic skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). We utilize various statistical and machine learning techniques in the identification of such biomarker ...
Tumor cells are notorious for their ability to escape immune surveillance, but developments in the understanding of the tumor microenvironment and how the immune system can be re-activated in tumors have had significant clinical impact. Commercially available and experimental methods such as adoptive cellular therapy, cytokine stimulation, and immune checkpoint blockade are promising ...
RESF1 Is a Tumor Suppressor and Metastasis-Associated Gene in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer . Majocha, Megan (Georgetown University, 2024) Patients with ER-negative breast cancer have the worst prognosis of all breast cancersubtypes, often experiencing rapid recurrence or progression to metastatic disease shortly after diagnosis. Given that ...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Although its prevalence is rather humble (12.7%), it is responsible of 40% of breast cancer-related mortality. Since chemotherapy is the mainstay of TNBC treatment, development of chemoresistance greatly contribute to the poor survival rate of TNBC.
Enrollment in a minimum of one (1) credit hour of CBIO 899 Master's Thesis in Cancer Biology the semester the student will defend the thesis and graduate. Successful completion of the thesis defense or general examination the semester the student will graduate. The thesis should be comparable in scope to justify co-authorship on a rigorously ...
The master's degree in Cancer Biology is offered under Plan A only. A minimum of 30 credits (eight of which must be from thesis research) and the completion of an original research project including a written Master's thesis are required to complete the requirements for the MS degree in Cancer Biology. The coursework includes 17 credits of ...
As a graduate student, you will have access to the University's wide range of world-class resources including libraries, museums, galleries, digital resources and IT services.. The Bodleian Libraries is the largest library system in the UK. It includes the main Bodleian Library and libraries across Oxford, including major research libraries and faculty, department and institute libraries.
Graduates with the UNMC Cancer Research MS degree have taken positions in personalized medicine counseling, in management of research laboratories, and in directing community-based health projects. Graduates have gone on to careers such as bench scientist with an international pharmaceutical company, research associate at a research technology ...
Stephen Marc Schwartz. Manali Vora. MPH. Analysis of types of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and their associations with survival of OSCC patients. Chu Chen. Emily Wu. MPH. The impact of HIV infection on cervical cancer presentation and survival in Uganda. Stephen Marc Schwartz.
Recommended Citation. Khairnar, Pushkar, "A BAYESIAN CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK BASED CLASSIFIER TO DETECT BREAST CANCER FROM HISTOPATHOLOGICAL IMAGES AND UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION", Campus Access Master's Thesis, Michigan Technological University, 2020.
Chapter 4 leveraged observational studies of human tissue to develop a digital algorithm to identify histologically stained endothelial cells in cancer-adjacent breast. This algorithm will be used in future studies to quantitatively characterize the vascular microenvironment both across breast cancer subtypes, and for TNBCs in particular.
MASTER THESIS PROJECT: Project outline Yearly, over two million women are diagnosed with breast cancer and over 650'000 people die from treatment-resistant metastasis. The vast majority of breast cancer patients suffer from estrogen receptor (ER) positive disease, which is characterized by the expression of the hormone receptor ER.
mortality. In particular, cancer is one of the most common and deadly diseases worldwide. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women and its incidence is increasing (Solbjør, 2008). The life time risk of developing breast cancer among women is approximately 1/8 in USA, 1/12 in Europe and 1/40 in Asia (WHO, 2008).
ΔΨm also decreased significantly inPFAS-exposed ovarian cancer cells treated with mitochondria-associated PDP, suggesting thatdiminishing mitochondrial health is key to overcoming PFAS-induced chemotherapy resistance.Collectively, these data highlight the ability of PFAS to alter response to chemotherapy inovarian cancer cells, propose the ...
The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to James Alison and Tasuku Honjo for their groundbreaking work on cancer therapy targeting the inhibition of immune checkpoints (IC), proteins that negatively regulate the immune response. Their work was groundbreaking because it opened a new powerful tool for the cure of cancer—immunotherapy (Fritz J. et Lenardo M., 2019).
The primary focus of this thesis is on cancer cells of different invasive potential, and char-acterization of inherent properties that differ between non-invasive and invasive strains of similar origin. To understand our motivation we will outline some of the main aspects of cancer cells, especially in respect to their survival and spreading.
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Graduate students looking to highlight their scholarly achievements, compete for monetary awards and recognition, and hone their research communication skills are now able to register for the second annual University-wide Three Minute Thesis competition.
Sept 16 - Master of Science Thesis Defence - Lasith Chamindu Pranath Pussella; Sept 13 - Master of Science Thesis Defence - Raissa Sultana; Sept 11 - Master of Science Thesis Defence - Anuththara Sarathchandra Lekamalage; Sept 9 - Master of Science Thesis Defence - Alex Popescu; Aug 29 - Doctoral Thesis Defence - Mahdieh Gol ...