world war 1 causes and effects essay

• History & Society
• Science & Tech
• Biographies
• Animals & Nature
• Geography & Travel
• Arts & Culture
• Games & Quizzes
• On This Day
• One Good Fact
• New Articles
• Lifestyles & Social Issues
• Philosophy & Religion
• Politics, Law & Government
• World History
• Health & Medicine
• Browse Biographies
• Birds, Reptiles & Other Vertebrates
• Bugs, Mollusks & Other Invertebrates
• Environment
• Fossils & Geologic Time
• Entertainment & Pop Culture
• Sports & Recreation
• Visual Arts
• Demystified
• Image Galleries
• Infographics
• Top Questions
• Britannica Kids
• Saving Earth
• Space Next 50
• Student Center
• Introduction & Top Questions
• Forces and resources of the combatant nations in 1914
• Technology of war in 1914
• The Schlieffen Plan
• Eastern Front strategy, 1914
• The strategy of the Western Allies, 1914
• The German invasion
• The First Battle of the Marne
• The war in the east, 1914
• The Serbian campaign, 1914
• The Turkish entry
• The war at sea, 1914–15
• The loss of the German colonies
• Rival strategies and the Dardanelles campaign, 1915–16
• The Western Front, 1915
• The Eastern Front, 1915
• The Caucasus, 1914–16
• Mesopotamia, 1914–April 1916
• The Egyptian frontiers, 1915–July 1917
• Italy and the Italian front, 1915–16
• Serbia and the Salonika expedition, 1915–17
• The Western Front, 1916
• The Battle of Jutland
• The Eastern Front, 1916
• German strategy and the submarine war, 1916–January 1917
• Peace moves and U.S. policy to February 1917
• The Western Front, January–May 1917
• The U.S. entry into the war
• The Russian revolutions and the Eastern Front, March 1917–March 1918
• Greek affairs
• Mesopotamia, summer 1916–winter 1917
• Palestine, autumn 1917
• The Western Front, June–December 1917
• The Far East
• Naval operations, 1917–18
• Air warfare
• Peace moves, March 1917–September 1918
• The Western Front, March–September 1918
• Czechs, Yugoslavs, and Poles
• Eastern Europe and the Russian periphery, March–November 1918
• The Balkan front, 1918
• The Turkish fronts, 1918
• Vittorio Veneto
• The collapse of Austria-Hungary
• The end of the German war
• The Armistice
• Killed, wounded, and missing

Who won World War I?

How many people died during world war i, what was the significance of world war i.

• What were Woodrow Wilson’s accomplishments?
• Why was Woodrow Wilson so influential?

World War I

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

• Australian War Memorial - First World War 1914–18
• History Learning Site - The Dominions and World War One
• National Army Museum - The Story of Conscription
• The History Learning Site - World War One
• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum - Holocaust Encyclopedia - World War I
• National Geographic Kids - World War 1 facts for kids
• Library of Congress - Newspaper Pictorials: World War I Rotogravures, 1914 to 1919
• NeoK12 - Educational Videos and Games for School Kids - World War I
• Returned & Services League of Australia - The First World War
• Anzac Centenary - Australia’s Contribution to WWI
• World War I - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11)
• World War I - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)
• Table Of Contents

Trusted Britannica articles, summarized using artificial intelligence, to provide a quicker and simpler reading experience. This is a beta feature. Please verify important information in our full article.

This summary was created from our Britannica article using AI. Please verify important information in our full article.

What was the main cause of world war i.

World War I began after the assassination of Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand by South Slav nationalist Gavrilo Princip on June 28, 1914.

What countries fought in World War I?

The war pitted the Central Powers (mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey) against the Allies (mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States).

The Allies won World War I after four years of combat and the deaths of some 8.5 million soldiers as a result of battle wounds or disease.

Some 8,500,000 soldiers died as a result of wounds or disease during World War I. Perhaps as many as 13,000,000 civilians also died. This immensely large number of deaths dwarfed that of any previous war, largely because of the new technologies and styles of warfare used in World War I.

Four imperial dynasties—the Habsburgs of Austria-Hungary, the Hohenzollerns of Germany, the sultanate of the Ottoman Empire , and the Romanovs of Russia—collapsed as a direct result of the war, and the map of Europe was changed forever. The United States emerged as a world power, and new technology made warfare deadlier than ever before.

Recent News

World War I , an international conflict that in 1914–18 embroiled most of the nations of Europe along with Russia , the United States , the Middle East , and other regions. The war pitted the Central Powers —mainly Germany , Austria-Hungary , and Turkey —against the Allies—mainly France , Great Britain , Russia, Italy , Japan , and, from 1917, the United States . It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war was virtually unprecedented in the slaughter, carnage, and destruction it caused.

World War I was one of the great watersheds of 20th-century geopolitical history. It led to the fall of four great imperial dynasties (in Germany , Russia , Austria-Hungary, and Turkey ), resulted in the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, and, in its destabilization of European society, laid the groundwork for World War II .

The last surviving veterans of World War I were American serviceman Frank Buckles (died in February 2011), British-born Australian serviceman Claude Choules (died in May 2011), and British servicewoman Florence Green (died in February 2012), the last surviving veteran of the war.

The outbreak of war

With Serbia already much aggrandized by the two Balkan Wars (1912–13, 1913), Serbian nationalists turned their attention back to the idea of “liberating” the South Slavs of Austria-Hungary . Colonel Dragutin Dimitrijević , head of Serbia’s military intelligence , was also, under the alias “Apis,” head of the secret society Union or Death , pledged to the pursuit of this pan-Serbian ambition. Believing that the Serbs’ cause would be served by the death of the Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand , heir presumptive to the Austrian emperor Franz Joseph , and learning that the Archduke was about to visit Bosnia on a tour of military inspection, Apis plotted his assassination . Nikola Pašić , the Serbian prime minister and an enemy of Apis, heard of the plot and warned the Austrian government of it, but his message was too cautiously worded to be understood.

At 11:15 am on June 28, 1914, in the Bosnian capital, Sarajevo , Franz Ferdinand and his morganatic wife, Sophie, duchess of Hohenberg, were shot dead by a Bosnian Serb, Gavrilo Princip . The chief of the Austro-Hungarian general staff , Franz, Graf (count) Conrad von Hötzendorf , and the foreign minister, Leopold, Graf von Berchtold , saw the crime as the occasion for measures to humiliate Serbia and so to enhance Austria-Hungary’s prestige in the Balkans . Conrad had already (October 1913) been assured by William II of Germany ’s support if Austria-Hungary should start a preventive war against Serbia. This assurance was confirmed in the week following the assassination , before William, on July 6, set off upon his annual cruise to the North Cape , off Norway .

The Austrians decided to present an unacceptable ultimatum to Serbia and then to declare war, relying on Germany to deter Russia from intervention. Though the terms of the ultimatum were finally approved on July 19, its delivery was postponed to the evening of July 23, since by that time the French president, Raymond Poincaré , and his premier, René Viviani , who had set off on a state visit to Russia on July 15, would be on their way home and therefore unable to concert an immediate reaction with their Russian allies. When the delivery was announced, on July 24, Russia declared that Austria-Hungary must not be allowed to crush Serbia.

Serbia replied to the ultimatum on July 25, accepting most of its demands but protesting against two of them—namely, that Serbian officials (unnamed) should be dismissed at Austria-Hungary’s behest and that Austro-Hungarian officials should take part, on Serbian soil, in proceedings against organizations hostile to Austria-Hungary. Though Serbia offered to submit the issue to international arbitration, Austria-Hungary promptly severed diplomatic relations and ordered partial mobilization.

Home from his cruise on July 27, William learned on July 28 how Serbia had replied to the ultimatum. At once he instructed the German Foreign Office to tell Austria-Hungary that there was no longer any justification for war and that it should content itself with a temporary occupation of Belgrade . But, meanwhile, the German Foreign Office had been giving such encouragement to Berchtold that already on July 27 he had persuaded Franz Joseph to authorize war against Serbia. War was in fact declared on July 28, and Austro-Hungarian artillery began to bombard Belgrade the next day. Russia then ordered partial mobilization against Austria-Hungary, and on July 30, when Austria-Hungary was riposting conventionally with an order of mobilization on its Russian frontier, Russia ordered general mobilization. Germany, which since July 28 had still been hoping, in disregard of earlier warning hints from Great Britain, that Austria-Hungary’s war against Serbia could be “localized” to the Balkans, was now disillusioned insofar as eastern Europe was concerned. On July 31 Germany sent a 24-hour ultimatum requiring Russia to halt its mobilization and an 18-hour ultimatum requiring France to promise neutrality in the event of war between Russia and Germany.

Both Russia and France predictably ignored these demands. On August 1 Germany ordered general mobilization and declared war against Russia, and France likewise ordered general mobilization. The next day Germany sent troops into Luxembourg and demanded from Belgium free passage for German troops across its neutral territory. On August 3 Germany declared war against France.

In the night of August 3–4 German forces invaded Belgium. Thereupon, Great Britain , which had no concern with Serbia and no express obligation to fight either for Russia or for France but was expressly committed to defend Belgium, on August 4 declared war against Germany.

Austria-Hungary declared war against Russia on August 5; Serbia against Germany on August 6; Montenegro against Austria-Hungary on August 7 and against Germany on August 12; France and Great Britain against Austria-Hungary on August 10 and on August 12, respectively; Japan against Germany on August 23; Austria-Hungary against Japan on August 25 and against Belgium on August 28.

Romania had renewed its secret anti-Russian alliance of 1883 with the Central Powers on February 26, 1914, but now chose to remain neutral. Italy had confirmed the Triple Alliance on December 7, 1912, but could now propound formal arguments for disregarding it: first, Italy was not obliged to support its allies in a war of aggression; second, the original treaty of 1882 had stated expressly that the alliance was not against England .

On September 5, 1914, Russia, France, and Great Britain concluded the Treaty of London , each promising not to make a separate peace with the Central Powers. Thenceforth, they could be called the Allied , or Entente, powers, or simply the Allies .

The outbreak of war in August 1914 was generally greeted with confidence and jubilation by the peoples of Europe, among whom it inspired a wave of patriotic feeling and celebration. Few people imagined how long or how disastrous a war between the great nations of Europe could be, and most believed that their country’s side would be victorious within a matter of months. The war was welcomed either patriotically, as a defensive one imposed by national necessity, or idealistically, as one for upholding right against might, the sanctity of treaties, and international morality .

• History Classics
• Your Profile
• Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window)
• Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window)
• Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window)
• Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window)
• Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window)
• This Day In History
• History Podcasts
• History Vault

World War I

By: History.com Editors

Updated: May 10, 2024 | Original: October 29, 2009

World War I, also known as the Great War, started in 1914 after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. His murder catapulted into a war across Europe that lasted until 1918. During the four-year conflict, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (the Central Powers) fought against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Canada, Japan and the United States (the Allied Powers). Thanks to new military technologies and the horrors of trench warfare, World War I saw unprecedented levels of carnage and destruction. By the time the war was over and the Allied Powers had won, more than 16 million people—soldiers and civilians alike—were dead.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Tensions had been brewing throughout Europe—especially in the troubled Balkan region of southeast Europe—for years before World War I actually broke out.

A number of alliances involving European powers, the Ottoman Empire , Russia and other parties had existed for years, but political instability in the Balkans (particularly Bosnia, Serbia and Herzegovina) threatened to destroy these agreements.

The spark that ignited World War I was struck in Sarajevo, Bosnia, where Archduke Franz Ferdinand —heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire—was shot to death along with his wife, Sophie, by the Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip on June 28, 1914. Princip and other nationalists were struggling to end Austro-Hungarian rule over Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The Great War

Watch The Great War . Available to stream now.

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand set off a rapidly escalating chain of events: Austria-Hungary , like many countries around the world, blamed the Serbian government for the attack and hoped to use the incident as justification for settling the question of Serbian nationalism once and for all.

Kaiser Wilhelm II

Because mighty Russia supported Serbia, Austria-Hungary waited to declare war until its leaders received assurance from German leader Kaiser Wilhelm II that Germany would support their cause. Austro-Hungarian leaders feared that a Russian intervention would involve Russia’s ally, France, and possibly Great Britain as well.

On July 5, Kaiser Wilhelm secretly pledged his support, giving Austria-Hungary a so-called carte blanche, or “blank check” assurance of Germany’s backing in the case of war. The Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary then sent an ultimatum to Serbia, with such harsh terms as to make it almost impossible to accept.

World War I Begins

Convinced that Austria-Hungary was readying for war, the Serbian government ordered the Serbian army to mobilize and appealed to Russia for assistance. On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, and the tenuous peace between Europe’s great powers quickly collapsed.

Within a week, Russia, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Serbia had lined up against Austria-Hungary and Germany, and World War I had begun.

The Western Front

According to an aggressive military strategy known as the Schlieffen Plan (named for its mastermind, German Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen ), Germany began fighting World War I on two fronts, invading France through neutral Belgium in the west and confronting Russia in the east.

On August 4, 1914, German troops crossed the border into Belgium. In the first battle of World War I, the Germans assaulted the heavily fortified city of Liege , using the most powerful weapons in their arsenal—enormous siege cannons—to capture the city by August 15. The Germans left death and destruction in their wake as they advanced through Belgium toward France, shooting civilians and executing a Belgian priest they had accused of inciting civilian resistance. 

First Battle of the Marne

In the First Battle of the Marne , fought from September 6-9, 1914, French and British forces confronted the invading German army, which had by then penetrated deep into northeastern France, within 30 miles of Paris. The Allied troops checked the German advance and mounted a successful counterattack, driving the Germans back to the north of the Aisne River.

The defeat meant the end of German plans for a quick victory in France. Both sides dug into trenches , and the Western Front was the setting for a hellish war of attrition that would last more than three years.

Particularly long and costly battles in this campaign were fought at Verdun (February-December 1916) and the Battle of the Somme (July-November 1916). German and French troops suffered close to a million casualties in the Battle of Verdun alone.

HISTORY Vault: World War I Documentaries

Stream World War I videos commercial-free in HISTORY Vault.

World War I Books and Art

The bloodshed on the battlefields of the Western Front, and the difficulties its soldiers had for years after the fighting had ended, inspired such works of art as “ All Quiet on the Western Front ” by Erich Maria Remarque and “ In Flanders Fields ” by Canadian doctor Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae . In the latter poem, McCrae writes from the perspective of the fallen soldiers:

Published in 1915, the poem inspired the use of the poppy as a symbol of remembrance.

Visual artists like Otto Dix of Germany and British painters Wyndham Lewis, Paul Nash and David Bomberg used their firsthand experience as soldiers in World War I to create their art, capturing the anguish of trench warfare and exploring the themes of technology, violence and landscapes decimated by war.

The Eastern Front

On the Eastern Front of World War I, Russian forces invaded the German-held regions of East Prussia and Poland but were stopped short by German and Austrian forces at the Battle of Tannenberg in late August 1914.

Despite that victory, Russia’s assault forced Germany to move two corps from the Western Front to the Eastern, contributing to the German loss in the Battle of the Marne.

Combined with the fierce Allied resistance in France, the ability of Russia’s huge war machine to mobilize relatively quickly in the east ensured a longer, more grueling conflict instead of the quick victory Germany had hoped to win under the Schlieffen Plan .

Russian Revolution

From 1914 to 1916, Russia’s army mounted several offensives on World War I’s Eastern Front but was unable to break through German lines.

Defeat on the battlefield, combined with economic instability and the scarcity of food and other essentials, led to mounting discontent among the bulk of Russia’s population, especially the poverty-stricken workers and peasants. This increased hostility was directed toward the imperial regime of Czar Nicholas II and his unpopular German-born wife, Alexandra.

Russia’s simmering instability exploded in the Russian Revolution of 1917, spearheaded by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks , which ended czarist rule and brought a halt to Russian participation in World War I.

Russia reached an armistice with the Central Powers in early December 1917, freeing German troops to face the remaining Allies on the Western Front.

America Enters World War I

At the outbreak of fighting in 1914, the United States remained on the sidelines of World War I, adopting the policy of neutrality favored by President Woodrow Wilson while continuing to engage in commerce and shipping with European countries on both sides of the conflict.

Neutrality, however, it was increasingly difficult to maintain in the face of Germany’s unchecked submarine aggression against neutral ships, including those carrying passengers. In 1915, Germany declared the waters surrounding the British Isles to be a war zone, and German U-boats sunk several commercial and passenger vessels, including some U.S. ships.

Widespread protest over the sinking by U-boat of the British ocean liner Lusitania —traveling from New York to Liverpool, England with hundreds of American passengers onboard—in May 1915 helped turn the tide of American public opinion against Germany. In February 1917, Congress passed a $250 million arms appropriations bill intended to make the United States ready for war.

Germany sunk four more U.S. merchant ships the following month, and on April 2 Woodrow Wilson appeared before Congress and called for a declaration of war against Germany.

Gallipoli Campaign

With World War I having effectively settled into a stalemate in Europe, the Allies attempted to score a victory against the Ottoman Empire, which entered the conflict on the side of the Central Powers in late 1914.

After a failed attack on the Dardanelles (the strait linking the Sea of Marmara with the Aegean Sea), Allied forces led by Britain launched a large-scale land invasion of the Gallipoli Peninsula in April 1915. The invasion also proved a dismal failure, and in January 1916 Allied forces staged a full retreat from the shores of the peninsula after suffering 250,000 casualties.

Did you know? The young Winston Churchill, then first lord of the British Admiralty, resigned his command after the failed Gallipoli campaign in 1916, accepting a commission with an infantry battalion in France.

British-led forces also combated the Ottoman Turks in Egypt and Mesopotamia , while in northern Italy, Austrian and Italian troops faced off in a series of 12 battles along the Isonzo River, located at the border between the two nations.

Battle of the Isonzo

The First Battle of the Isonzo took place in the late spring of 1915, soon after Italy’s entrance into the war on the Allied side. In the Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo, also known as the Battle of Caporetto (October 1917), German reinforcements helped Austria-Hungary win a decisive victory.

After Caporetto, Italy’s allies jumped in to offer increased assistance. British and French—and later, American—troops arrived in the region, and the Allies began to take back the Italian Front.

World War I at Sea

In the years before World War I, the superiority of Britain’s Royal Navy was unchallenged by any other nation’s fleet, but the Imperial German Navy had made substantial strides in closing the gap between the two naval powers. Germany’s strength on the high seas was also aided by its lethal fleet of U-boat submarines.

After the Battle of Dogger Bank in January 1915, in which the British mounted a surprise attack on German ships in the North Sea, the German navy chose not to confront Britain’s mighty Royal Navy in a major battle for more than a year, preferring to rest the bulk of its naval strategy on its U-boats.

The biggest naval engagement of World War I, the Battle of Jutland (May 1916) left British naval superiority on the North Sea intact, and Germany would make no further attempts to break an Allied naval blockade for the remainder of the war.

World War I Planes

World War I was the first major conflict to harness the power of planes. Though not as impactful as the British Royal Navy or Germany’s U-boats, the use of planes in World War I presaged their later, pivotal role in military conflicts around the globe.

At the dawn of World War I, aviation was a relatively new field; the Wright brothers took their first sustained flight just eleven years before, in 1903. Aircraft were initially used primarily for reconnaissance missions. During the First Battle of the Marne, information passed from pilots allowed the allies to exploit weak spots in the German lines, helping the Allies to push Germany out of France.

The first machine guns were successfully mounted on planes in June of 1912 in the United States, but were imperfect; if timed incorrectly, a bullet could easily destroy the propeller of the plane it came from. The Morane-Saulnier L, a French plane, provided a solution: The propeller was armored with deflector wedges that prevented bullets from hitting it. The Morane-Saulnier Type L was used by the French, the British Royal Flying Corps (part of the Army), the British Royal Navy Air Service and the Imperial Russian Air Service. The British Bristol Type 22 was another popular model used for both reconnaissance work and as a fighter plane.

Dutch inventor Anthony Fokker improved upon the French deflector system in 1915. His “interrupter” synchronized the firing of the guns with the plane’s propeller to avoid collisions. Though his most popular plane during WWI was the single-seat Fokker Eindecker, Fokker created over 40 kinds of airplanes for the Germans.

The Allies debuted the Handley-Page HP O/400, the first two-engine bomber, in 1915. As aerial technology progressed, long-range heavy bombers like Germany’s Gotha G.V. (first introduced in 1917) were used to strike cities like London. Their speed and maneuverability proved to be far deadlier than Germany’s earlier Zeppelin raids.

By the war’s end, the Allies were producing five times more aircraft than the Germans. On April 1, 1918, the British created the Royal Air Force, or RAF, the first air force to be a separate military branch independent from the navy or army. 

Second Battle of the Marne

With Germany able to build up its strength on the Western Front after the armistice with Russia, Allied troops struggled to hold off another German offensive until promised reinforcements from the United States were able to arrive.

On July 15, 1918, German troops launched what would become the last German offensive of the war, attacking French forces (joined by 85,000 American troops as well as some of the British Expeditionary Force) in the Second Battle of the Marne . The Allies successfully pushed back the German offensive and launched their own counteroffensive just three days later.

After suffering massive casualties, Germany was forced to call off a planned offensive further north, in the Flanders region stretching between France and Belgium, which was envisioned as Germany’s best hope of victory.

The Second Battle of the Marne turned the tide of war decisively towards the Allies, who were able to regain much of France and Belgium in the months that followed.

The Harlem Hellfighters and Other All-Black Regiments

By the time World War I began, there were four all-Black regiments in the U.S. military: the 24th and 25th Infantry and the 9th and 10th Cavalry. All four regiments comprised of celebrated soldiers who fought in the Spanish-American War and American-Indian Wars , and served in the American territories. But they were not deployed for overseas combat in World War I. 

Blacks serving alongside white soldiers on the front lines in Europe was inconceivable to the U.S. military. Instead, the first African American troops sent overseas served in segregated labor battalions, restricted to menial roles in the Army and Navy, and shutout of the Marines, entirely. Their duties mostly included unloading ships, transporting materials from train depots, bases and ports, digging trenches, cooking and maintenance, removing barbed wire and inoperable equipment, and burying soldiers.

Facing criticism from the Black community and civil rights organizations for its quotas and treatment of African American soldiers in the war effort, the military formed two Black combat units in 1917, the 92nd and 93rd Divisions . Trained separately and inadequately in the United States, the divisions fared differently in the war. The 92nd faced criticism for their performance in the Meuse-Argonne campaign in September 1918. The 93rd Division, however, had more success. 

With dwindling armies, France asked America for reinforcements, and General John Pershing , commander of the American Expeditionary Forces, sent regiments in the 93 Division to over, since France had experience fighting alongside Black soldiers from their Senegalese French Colonial army. The 93 Division’s 369 regiment, nicknamed the Harlem Hellfighters , fought so gallantly, with a total of 191 days on the front lines, longer than any AEF regiment, that France awarded them the Croix de Guerre for their heroism. More than 350,000 African American soldiers would serve in World War I in various capacities.

Toward Armistice

By the fall of 1918, the Central Powers were unraveling on all fronts.

Despite the Turkish victory at Gallipoli, later defeats by invading forces and an Arab revolt that destroyed the Ottoman economy and devastated its land, and the Turks signed a treaty with the Allies in late October 1918.

Austria-Hungary, dissolving from within due to growing nationalist movements among its diverse population, reached an armistice on November 4. Facing dwindling resources on the battlefield, discontent on the homefront and the surrender of its allies, Germany was finally forced to seek an armistice on November 11, 1918, ending World War I.

Treaty of Versailles

At the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, Allied leaders stated their desire to build a post-war world that would safeguard itself against future conflicts of such a devastating scale.

Some hopeful participants had even begun calling World War I “the War to End All Wars.” But the Treaty of Versailles , signed on June 28, 1919, would not achieve that lofty goal.

Saddled with war guilt, heavy reparations and denied entrance into the League of Nations , Germany felt tricked into signing the treaty, having believed any peace would be a “peace without victory,” as put forward by President Wilson in his famous Fourteen Points speech of January 1918.

As the years passed, hatred of the Versailles treaty and its authors settled into a smoldering resentment in Germany that would, two decades later, be counted among the causes of World War II .

World War I Casualties

World War I took the lives of more than 9 million soldiers; 21 million more were wounded. Civilian casualties numbered close to 10 million. The two nations most affected were Germany and France, each of which sent some 80 percent of their male populations between the ages of 15 and 49 into battle.

The political disruption surrounding World War I also contributed to the fall of four venerable imperial dynasties: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia and Turkey.

Legacy of World War I

World War I brought about massive social upheaval, as millions of women entered the workforce to replace men who went to war and those who never came back. The first global war also helped to spread one of the world’s deadliest global pandemics, the Spanish flu epidemic of 1918, which killed an estimated 20 to 50 million people.

World War I has also been referred to as “the first modern war.” Many of the technologies now associated with military conflict—machine guns, tanks , aerial combat and radio communications—were introduced on a massive scale during World War I.

The severe effects that chemical weapons such as mustard gas and phosgene had on soldiers and civilians during World War I galvanized public and military attitudes against their continued use. The Geneva Convention agreements, signed in 1925, restricted the use of chemical and biological agents in warfare and remain in effect today.

Photo Galleries

Sign up for Inside History

Get HISTORY’s most fascinating stories delivered to your inbox three times a week.

By submitting your information, you agree to receive emails from HISTORY and A+E Networks. You can opt out at any time. You must be 16 years or older and a resident of the United States.

More details : Privacy Notice | Terms of Use | Contact Us

Why Did World War I Happen?

In this free resource on World War I, explore the causes and effects of the Great War to understand how the conflict shaped world history.

Soldiers of the Royal Irish Fusiliers in the trenches on the southern section of Gallipoli Peninsula in 1915.

Source: Ernest Brooks via Australian War Memorial

Perhaps it comes as no surprise, but the 2017 box office hit Wonder Woman took a few creative liberties in its depiction of World War I. For instance, the film portrayed Ares, the god of war, as the evil mastermind behind the conflict. In reality, it was not the gods who pushed humanity toward conflict. World War I was caused by the actions of ordinary people and political leaders. However, World War I was so violent, costly, and traumatic that it is tempting to blame an all-powerful deity bent on humanity’s destruction.

A Short History of World War I

More than twenty countries that controlled territory on six continents would declare war between 1914 and 1918, making World War I (also known as the Great War) the first truly global conflict. On one side, Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Entente (also known as the Allied powers or, simply, the Allies). On the other side, Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy made up the Triple Alliance (also known as the Central powers). Those alliances, however, were hardly static, and during the war Italy would change sides; the United States, Japan, and many other nations would join the Allied powers; the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria would join the Central powers; and Russia would withdraw altogether due to revolution back home.

Source: Atlas of World History.

By the war’s end in 1918, the Allied powers emerged victorious. However, both sides were left reeling from the scale of the violence. New technologies like chemical gas and long-range artillery drove conflict to cruel new heights. Nine million soldiers died while the civilian death toll likely exceeded ten million. Infectious diseases also ran rampant, fighting leveled infrastructure, and the financial toll of the war was immense. Following the conflict, most of the European continent was left in economic disarray.

In trying to make sense of this death and destruction, one obvious question stands out: Why did World War I break out in what had been a mostly peaceful and prosperous continent? 

How did World War I start?

Experts continue to fiercely debate this question. Yes, the 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, triggered a series of declarations of war. However many scholars argue that several other factors had been creating the conditions for conflict in Europe for decades prior. As the military historian Liddell Hart wrote, “Fifty years were spent in the process of making Europe explosive. Five days were enough to detonate it.”

This resource explores the factors that led to the outbreak of World War I and how the conflict reshaped society.

Origins of World War I

To understand the origins of World War I, let’s first go back to the early 1800s. 

For centuries, a competing patchwork of European empires and kingdoms had waged near-constant war with each other. These conflicts were generally fought over land, colonies, religion, resources, and dynastic rivalries. As a result, the borders within the continent shifted frequently.

However, after the defeat of French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte, who had conquered most of Europe, representatives from several European powers were eager to end the cycle of war. In 1814 and 1815, these representatives met in Vienna to establish a framework for peace.. What emerged was a series of agreements and understandings that ushered in an unusual period of relative stability for the continent. The resulting diplomatic system, known as the Concert of Europe, sought to preserve peace by supporting existing dynasties over revolutionary movements.

With peace at home, Europe enjoyed a century of immense progress and global influence. Technological innovations—like the development of machine production, steel, electricity, and modern chemistry—enriched the continent. Meanwhile, improvements in shipping, railroads, and weapons allowed countries to project their power farther abroad. As a result, Europe’s strongest empires—namely, Belgium, Britain, France, the Netherlands, Portugal, and, later, Germany, Italy, and Russia— controlled much of the world throughout the nineteenth century.

However, this period of European peace and prosperity would not last forever. Many historians believe things began to unravel in the mid-1800s. The various regional conflicts and wars to unify the countries of Germany and Italy reintroduced costly warfare to the continent. But, unequivocally, Europe’s century of stability had come to a cataclysmic end with World War I.

Let’s explore three factors that brought about this great unraveling.

Three Causes of World War I

The rise of germany.

Following the Napoleonic Wars, Europe experienced a rough balance of power on the continent. In other words, the region’s strongest countries typically avoided massive conflicts with each other. The odds of conflict were mitigated because Europe’s largest powers were fairly equal in strength. This meant that the costs of going to war would almost certainly outweigh any expected benefits.

Initially, the strength of Austria, Britain, and Russia preserved peace and order. Later, Britain and Prussia (which would become part of Germany in 1871) maintained this balance as the continent’s strongest countries. The two nations both had large populations, towering economies, and robust militaries.

However, power dynamics shifted in the latter half of the nineteenth century.

Britain—the world’s largest empire and the biggest naval and economic power—saw its relative strength begin to fade in the mid- to late-1800s. For generations, Britain had enjoyed global primacy through its strong trade ties, unparalleled navy, and sprawling empire. Britain's imperial power provided access to natural resources and markets around the world. However, the costs of maintaining such a vast, globe-spanning empire began to mount. Additionally, by the end of the nineteenth century, rapidly industrializing countries like the United States and Germany began to outcompete Britain. As a result, Britain’s technological and manufacturing edge over the rest of the world faded.

Germany only emerged as an independent country in 1871 when Prussian leader Otto von Bismarck unified the nation. Prior to unification, Germany had been thirty-nine independent states—made up of a group of people fairly unified in language and culture, though not religion—into a single political unit. This new, united Germany would soon become exceedingly wealthy through industrialization . The country quickly began to showcase its power on the global stage through the acquisition of colonies in Africa.

Otto von Bismarck proclaiming German unification in Versailles on January 18, 1871, as depicted in an advertisement for Liebig's Meat Extract, published in 1899.

Source: Culture Club via Getty Images

Although Bismarck worked to preserve peace on the continent by balancing among the other powers, later leaders began to assert German dominance. Notably, historians describe Kaiser Wilhelm II as insecure and arrogant. Wilhelm possessed  unbridled ambition to claim Germany’s “place in the sun.” However, his desire to improve Germany’s international standing ultimately translated into recklessness. For example, he abandoned the Reinsurance Treaty with Russia in 1890, which led to Russia becoming friendly with France—an old enemy to Germany—and then with Britain.

Wilhelm spoke openly—and belligerently—about his desire for German economic and military supremacy and endeavored to make this vision a reality. In particular, he invested heavily in military spending. Wilhelm hoped to build a navy that could challenge Britain’s globally renowned fleet. This rapid militarization ignited an arms race on the continent, which unsettled Europe’s balance of power.

Nationalism

Nationalism is a powerful force that unites people based on ethnic, linguistic, geographic, or other shared characteristics. In certain contexts, it can serve as a basis of unity, inclusion, and social cohesion for a country. But when taken to extremes, nationalism can fuel violence , division, and global disorder.

In the lead-up to World War I, nationalism fueled intense competition in Europe. The continent’s most powerful countries frequently tried to best each other through their empires, militaries, and technological innovations. Meanwhile, governments, the new mass print media, and schools and universities reinforced messages of each country’s superiority.

With memories of the Napoleonic wars long since faded, countries viewed war as a quick and easy way through which to achieve glory. In fact, some Europeans celebrated the arrival of World War I. Parades and cheering spectators sent off their soldiers to the front lines. Young men rushed to recruiting offices eager not to miss the opportunity to serve. Most people believed that “the boys will be home by Christmas.” Few imagined that the war would drag on for four years in such horrific fashion. 

Nationalism unified countries like Britain, France, and Germany—albeit to dangerous extremes. However,the same force also pulled other European empires apart. In particular, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Russia struggled to promote a cohesive national identity. Given their populations’ vast internal differences along ethnic, cultural, linguistic, and religious lines, these once-great European empires began to fracture.

In fact, the first shot of World War I—the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria—came at the fault lines of one of those multiethnic empires. Ferdinand’s assassins executed their attack in the name of Slavic nationalism.

Alliance Networks

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand could have remained a small, localized affair. After all, the attack did not directly affect the continent’s greatest forces such as Britain, France, Germany, or even Russia. Rather, it involved two lesser powers: Austria-Hungary and Serbia.

However, European leaders had spent years prior to the assassination constructing a network of alliances. These agreements were built on the promise of collective security, or the idea that an attack on one country would be treated as an attack against the entire alliance.

In theory, those alliances were intended to serve as a deterrent to conflict; a stronger country would be less inclined to attack a weaker one if the latter had the support of a powerful ally. In reality, the alliance networks had the opposite effect. The complex alliance network in Europe expanded local issues into a continent-spanning crisis. Behind Austria-Hungary stood Germany, behind Serbia stood Russia, and behind Russia stood Britain and France.

One week after the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, Germany’s Kaiser Wilhelm II pledged unconditional support to Austria-Hungary, however it chose to respond to the attack. With this so-called blank check assurance, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on July 28, 1914. Within days, France, Germany, and Russia announced their own cascading declarations of war.

A 1912 political cartoon depicting the web of alliances that led to World War I.

Source: Nelson Harding/Brooklyn Daily Eagle

Thus, Europe marched toward war—or, rather, as one historian describes the consequences of careless decision making, the continent found itself “sleepwalking” its way to World War I.

How did World War I change the world?

World War I was incredibly destructive. But perhaps most tragic of all, the “war to end all wars'' ultimately did nothing of the sort. Historians assert that both the conflict and its aftermath sowed the seeds for a second—and even deadlier—world war just two decades later.

Although World War I did not curtail future conflict, it nevertheless transformed society across the United States, Europe, the Middle East, and sub-Saharan Africa. Let’s explore a few examples:

New Age of Warfare: World War I ushered in a new age of lethal military technology. These military innovations include landmines, flamethrowers, submarines, tanks, and fighter planes. Aerial photography allowed both sides to create sophisticated maps of their opponents’ positions. Long-range artillery gave soldiers the ability to shoot at enemies they could not see. And the introduction of weapons of mass destruction, including chemical gas, were used to break through the dug-in stalemates of trench warfare. The scale and severity of such combat led tens of thousands of veterans to experience debilitating psychological trauma. This condition, then known as shell shock, is now commonly referred to as post-traumatic stress disorder.

In addition, although previous wars were largely confined to the battlefield, World War I was a “total war.” The conflict saw the complete erosion of the distinction between civilian and military targets. Germany, for example, used submarines to attack civilian ships and used airships known as zeppelins to bomb cities in Britain. The war also featured mass killings and expulsions of particular ethnic groups. For example, Armenians were violently excluded from the Ottoman Empire, a practice that many scholars would later term genocide .

Senate Sergeant at Arms Charles Higgins turns forward the Ohio Clock for the first Daylight Saving Time, while Senators William Calder (NY), William Saulsbury, Jr. (DE), and Joseph T. Robinson (AR) look on in the Capitol building in Washington, D.C. in 1918.

Source: Library of Congress.

Innovations Beyond the Battlefield:  In addition to new forms of weaponry, many medical practices and common household items have their origins in war. During World War I, doctors began using sodium citrate to stop blood from clotting. Doctors also performed some of the first successful skin grafts, which paved the way for modern plastic surgery. Additionally, the invention of splints greatly reduced the lethality of certain injuries: before the war, four out of every five soldiers with a broken femur died; after the introduction of the splint, four out of every five survived.

The Great War also led to the development of Kotex, one of the first branded sanitary products (used as a cheaper and more absorbent wartime alternative to cotton bandages), the popularization of exercises like pilates (invented by a captured German bodybuilder to stay fit), and the rise in print cartoons (used both as military propaganda and to help civilians and veterans process the horrors of war).

Daylight Saving Time : Daylight saving time (DST) was developed during World War I to conserve energy and free up more daylight hours for battle. Although DST was meant to be a temporary fix, essays dating back decades argued for its implementation; in 1794, Benjamin Franklin made the case in financial (candle cost-savings), productivity (longer workdays), and moral (a remedy for laziness) terms. Although most of the world repealed DST when the first World War ended, World War II led to its quick re-adoption. DST was popularized as a long-term solution following the end of that conflict decades later. The year-round DST we observe in the United States was introduced in the winter of 1973 amidst a global energy crisis.

Vegetarian Sausage : : Before World War I, these modern grocery store staples didn’t exist. Vegetarian sausage was created in sausage-loving Germany during the war as a cheap way to add protein to meals amidst frequent food shortages. Cologne’s then-mayor Konrad Adenauer made his Kölner Wurst or “Cologne sausage” using soya, flour, corn, barley, and ground rice. Despite its use in wartime, the sausages were infamously bland. Meat substitutes available today have made big gains in texture and taste but rely on many of the same ingredients from Adenauer’s original recipe.

Plastic Surgery : Before World War I, people who experienced disfiguring wounds had limited options to choose from. However, as the number and magnitude of facial disfigurations skyrocketed among soldiers fighting in the First World War, the medical community worked quickly to invent reconstruction procedures. Dr. Harold Gillies is credited with the idea to use patients’ own facial tissue to decrease the chance of transplant rejection, leading to rapid innovation in the field of plastic surgery. Following this innovation, treatment capabilities ranged from successful skin grafts to the first sex reassignment surgeries.

Everyday Words and Phrases : Next time you “ace” a test, unexpected news leaves you “shell shocked,” or that highly anticipated movie turns out to be a “dud,” you’re using language directly handed down from wartime. From World War I, English gained words like “lousy,” which transformed from an adjective to describe lice infestations to mean weary. The British also refashioned the term“trench coat,” which transitioned from battlefield necessity to universal fashion statement. World War II added household brands Spam (a mashup of “spiced” and “ham”) and Jeep (from the initials GP, which described its wartime roots as a general purpose vehicle). The global entanglement also created a melting pot of cultural ideas and terms. For example, describing something comfortable or privileged as “cushy,” is a direct contribution to the English language from Indian troops who fought alongside the British in World War I.

Wristwatches : Before we could check the time with the phones in our pockets, most people had to dig out their pocket watch to accomplish this essential task. That proved to be quite inconvenient for soldiers in the trenches, who were also operating without church bells and factory whistles to orient themselves in time. Wristwatches, the obvious solution to this problem, were seen as feminine accessories before World War I, a perception that changed rapidly as they became a crucial part of soldiers’ gear. The phrase “synchronize your watches” came to symbolize their importance on the battlefield where fighting had to be precisely scheduled and timing was a vital tool for communication and survival.

Newsreels : The advent of the twenty-four-hour news cycle stems from one of the earliest forms of broadcast: newsreels. Without televisions, cell phones, or social media, people would line up at movie theaters to watch hour-long loops of news and entertainment features. Early video cameras were bulky, so newsreels rarely included war reporting at the start of World War I. Instead, early war news covered parades, sports events, and cultural moments like royal weddings. Yet as the war progressed and the public hungered for updates, newsreels began to include footage from the conflict. Video cameras produced unprecedented imagery for the time, including the launch of military ships, civilians fleeing their villages, prisoners of war , and cratered battlefields. Video documentation  led to a new awareness about wartime destruction.

A group of cameramen filming an event in June 1916.

Source: Topical Press Agency via Getty Images.

Changing Roles for Women: As Europe’s militaries sent millions of men to the front lines, women played an increasingly important role in professional life back home.

Thousands of women gained a taste of personal and financial independence as they staffed factories, offices, and farms to support the war effort. Pointing to these valuable contributions, women’s rights groups successfully lobbied for suffrage (voting rights) in numerous countries between 1917 and 1920. (Workers’ rights groups also highlighted these efforts—from both men and women—to push for stronger unions and greater collective bargaining power).

Women’s fashion even changed during the war too. Metal shortages led governments to ask women to stop buying corsets, leading to the creation of brassieres. And as more women began to work outside the home, they increasingly adopted factory-safe attire such as pants.

Certainly not all women experienced economic advancement during this time. World War I widowed at least three million women. As a result, these women were left to face extreme financial hardship after the conflict.

Rise and Fall of Powers: The end of World War I marked a shift in global powers. The war culminated with the fall of major empires, such as the Ottoman Empire, and the rise of a new global power, the United States .

Source: National Geographic.

The End of World War I

World War I brought about the collapse of four empires: the Austro-Hungarian, German, Ottoman, and Russian.

In many cases, the victors of World War I absorbed territory from those former empires. Britain and France carved up land belonging to the Ottoman Empire. Meanwhile, Germany was forced to cede its colonies in Africa and the Pacific as part of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. This peace treaty set the terms for the end of World War I in 1919. The breakup of these empires also resulted in the creation of new countries in Europe such as Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia in addition to the reemergence of old ones like Poland.

With World War I leaving even Europe’s victors badly weakened, the global center of power began shifting across the Atlantic to the United States. Even before the war, the United States had surpassed Britain to become the world’s strongest economy. After the war, the United States emerged in an even more powerful position. In 1919, Washington was uniquely situated to shape the new international order. However, the nation balked at the opportunity, as the American public was largely uninterested in international leadership at the time. Instead,the country retreated into a period of isolationism.

It would take a second world war two decades later for the United States to fully become the global power it is today.

If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website.

If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked.

To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser.

World History Project - Origins to the Present

Course: world history project - origins to the present   >   unit 7, read: what caused the first world war.

• BEFORE YOU WATCH: Britain and World War I
• WATCH: Britain and World War I
• BEFORE YOU WATCH: Southeast Asia and World War I
• WATCH: Southeast Asia and World War I
• BEFORE YOU WATCH: The Middle East and World War I
• WATCH: The Middle East and World War I
• BEFORE YOU WATCH: How World War I Started
• WATCH: How World War I Started
• READ: The First World War as a Global War
• READ: World War I — A Total War
• READ: The Mexican Revolution
• READ: The Power of One — The Russian Revolution
• BEFORE YOU WATCH: Armenian Genocide
• WATCH: Armenian Genocide
• READ: Capitalism and World War I
• World War 1

First read: preview and skimming for gist

Second read: key ideas and understanding content.

• Who killed Franz Ferdinand? Why did they kill him?
• How did the European alliance system help start the war?
• How did imperialism help start the war?
• Why does the author argue that industrialization made the war inevitable once preparations were started?
• How might the First World War have happened on accident?

Third read: evaluating and corroborating

• This article gives several examples of how transformations in the nineteenth century led to the war. Things like nationalism (communities frame), industrialization (production and distribution frame), and outdated diplomatic technology (networks frame) are blamed for the war. Can you think of any transformations during the nineteenth century that might have helped prevent war?

What Caused the First World War?

World war why, one shot: the assassination of archduke franz ferdinand, deeper trends: help me help you help me, accidental war: missed the memo, hit the target.

• Yes, these terms can get confusing. Nationalism was introduced to you as the idea that a state should govern itself, and not have some empire as its boss. But at some point, that feeling that you should get to govern yourself can turn into the idea that you are better than other nations, and becomes a kind of extreme patriotism. We call that nationalism as well. As we will see, nationalism is a pretty flexible thing, and it can be used for lots of different purposes.
• Top map by Joe Mabel, CC BY-SA 3.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_the_German_Empire_-_1914.PNG
• Bottom map by Andrew0921, CC BY-SA 3.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:British_Empire_in_1914.png

Want to join the conversation?

• Upvote Button navigates to signup page
• Downvote Button navigates to signup page
• Flag Button navigates to signup page

The Consequences of World War I

Political and Social Effects of the War to End All Wars

Imperial War Museum/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain

A New Great Power

Socialism rises to the world stage, the collapse of central and eastern european empires, nationalism transforms and complicates europe, the myths of victory and failure.

• The Largest Loss: A 'Lost Generation'
• M.A., Medieval Studies, Sheffield University
• B.A., Medieval Studies, Sheffield University

World War I was fought on battlefields throughout Europe between 1914 and 1918 . It involved human slaughter on a previously unprecedented scale—and its consequences were enormous. The human and structural devastation left Europe and the world greatly changed in almost all facets of life, setting the stage for political convulsions throughout the remainder of the century.

Before its entry into World War I, the United States of America was a nation of untapped military potential and growing economic might. But the war changed the United States in two important ways: the country's military was turned into a large-scale fighting force with the intense experience of modern war, a force that was clearly equal to that of the old Great Powers; and the balance of economic power began to shift from the drained nations of Europe to America.

However, the dreadful toll taken by the war led U.S. politicians to retreat from the world and return to a policy of isolationism. That isolation initially limited the impact of America's growth, which would only truly come to fruition in the aftermath of World War II. This retreat also undermined the League of Nations and the emerging new political order.

The collapse of Russia under the pressure of total warfare allowed socialist revolutionaries to seize power  and turn communism, one of the world’s growing ideologies, into a major European force. While the global socialist revolution that Vladimir Lenin believed was coming never happened, the presence of a huge and potentially powerful communist nation in Europe and Asia changed the balance of world politics.

Germany's politics initially tottered toward joining Russia, but eventually pulled back from experiencing a full Leninist change and formed a new social democracy. This would come under great pressure and fail from the challenge of Germany's right, whereas Russia's authoritarian regime after the tsarists lasted for decades.

The German, Russian, Turkish, and Austro-Hungarian Empires all fought in World War I, and all were swept away by defeat and revolution, although not necessarily in that order. The fall of Turkey in 1922 from a revolution stemming directly from the war, as well as that of Austria-Hungary, was probably not that much of a surprise: Turkey had long been regarded as the sick man of Europe, and vultures had circled its territory for decades. Austria-Hungary appeared close behind.

But the fall of the young, powerful, and growing German Empire, after the people revolted and the Kaiser was forced to abdicate, came as a great shock. In their place came a rapidly changing series of new governments, ranging in structure from democratic republics to socialist dictatorships.

Nationalism had been growing in Europe for decades before World War I began, but the war's aftermath saw a major rise in new nations and independence movements. Part of this was a result of Woodrow Wilson’s isolationist commitment to what he called "self-determination." But part of it was also a response to the destabilization of old empires, which nationalists viewed as an opportunity to declare new nations.

The key region for European nationalism was Eastern Europe and the Balkans, where Poland, the three Baltic States, Czechoslovakia, the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes , and others emerged. But nationalism conflicted hugely with the ethnic makeup of this region of Europe, where many different nationalities and ethnicities sometimes lived in tension with one another. Eventually, internal conflicts stemming from new self-determination by national majorities arose from disaffected minorities who preferred the rule of neighbors.

German commander Erich Ludendorff suffered a mental collapse before he called for an armistice to end the war, and when he recovered and discovered the terms he had signed onto, he insisted Germany refuse them, claiming the army could fight on. But the new civilian government overruled him, as once peace had been established there was no way to keep the army fighting. The civilian leaders who overruled Ludendorff became scapegoats for both the army and Ludendorff himself.

Thus began, at the very close of the war, the myth of the undefeated German army being "stabbed in the back" by liberals, socialists, and Jews who had damaged the Weimar Republic and fueled the rise of Hitler. That myth came directly from Ludendorff setting up the civilians for the fall. Italy didn’t receive as much land as it had been promised in secret agreements, and Italian right-wingers exploited this to complain of a "mutilated peace."

In contrast, in Britain, the successes of 1918 which had been won partly by their soldiers were increasingly ignored, in favor of viewing the war and all war as a bloody catastrophe. This affected their response to international events in the 1920s and 1930s; arguably, the policy of appeasement was born from the ashes of World War I.

The Largest Loss: A 'Lost Generation'

While it is not strictly true that a whole generation was lost—and some historians have complained about the term—eight million people died during World War I, which was perhaps one in eight of the combatants. In most of the Great Powers, it was hard to find anyone who had not lost someone to the war. Many other people had been wounded or shell-shocked so badly they killed themselves, and these casualties are not reflected in the figures.

• 5 Key Causes of World War I
• Ottoman Empire Sultans from 1300 to 1924
• How the Treaty of Versailles Contributed to Hitler's Rise
• The Doughboys of World War I
• Who Were the Harlem Hellfighters in World War I?
• 8 Major Events in European History
• World War I at Sea
• The Legacy of World War I in Africa
• The Role of Black Americans in World War I
• Hitler's Rise to Power: A Timeline
• French & Indian/Seven Years' War
• World War I Timeline From 1914 to 1919
• Causes of World War I and the Rise of Germany
• The Causes and War Aims of World War One
• The Major Alliances of World War I
• The German Revolution of 1918 – 19

The Gettysburg College–Gilder Lehrman MA in American History : Apply now and join us for Fall 2024 courses

• AP US History Study Guide
• History U: Courses for High School Students
• History School: Summer Enrichment
• Lesson Plans
• Classroom Resources
• Spotlights on Primary Sources
• Professional Development (Academic Year)
• Professional Development (Summer)
• Book Breaks
• Inside the Vault
• Self-Paced Courses
• Browse All Resources
• Search by Issue
• Search by Essay
• Become a Member (Free)
• Monthly Offer (Free for Members)
• Program Information
• Scholarships and Financial Aid
• Applying and Enrolling
• Eligibility (In-Person)
• EduHam Online
• Hamilton Cast Read Alongs
• Official Website
• Press Coverage
• Veterans Legacy Program
• The Declaration at 250
• Black Lives in the Founding Era
• Celebrating American Historical Holidays
• Browse All Programs
• Donate Items to the Collection
• Search Our Catalog
• Research Guides
• Rights and Reproductions
• See Our Documents on Display
• Bring an Exhibition to Your Organization
• Interactive Exhibitions Online
• About the Transcription Program
• Civil War Letters
• Founding Era Newspapers
• College Fellowships in American History
• Scholarly Fellowship Program
• Richard Gilder History Prize
• David McCullough Essay Prize
• Affiliate School Scholarships
• Nominate a Teacher
• Eligibility
• State Winners
• National Winners
• Gilder Lehrman Lincoln Prize
• Gilder Lehrman Military History Prize
• George Washington Prize
• Frederick Douglass Book Prize
• Our Mission and History
• Annual Report
• Contact Information
• Student Advisory Council
• Teacher Advisory Council
• Board of Trustees
• Remembering Richard Gilder
• President's Council
• Scholarly Advisory Board
• Internships
• Our Partners
• Press Releases

History Resources

Historical Context: The Global Effect of World War I

By steven mintz.

A recent list of the hundred most important news stories of the twentieth century ranked the onset of World War I eighth. This is a great error. Just about everything that happened in the remainder of the century was in one way or another a result of World War I, including the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, World War II, the Holocaust, and the development of the atomic bomb. The Great Depression, the Cold War, and the collapse of European colonialism can also be traced, at least indirectly, to the First World War.

World War I killed more people--more than 9 million soldiers, sailors, and flyers and another 5 million civilians--involved more countries--28--and cost more money--$186 billion in direct costs and another $151 billion in indirect costs--than any previous war in history. It was the first war to use airplanes, tanks, long range artillery, submarines, and poison gas. It left at least 7 million men permanently disabled.

World War I probably had more far-reaching consequences than any other proceeding war. Politically, it resulted in the downfall of four monarchies--in Russia in 1917, in Austria-Hungary and Germany in 1918, and in Turkey in 1922. It contributed to the Bolshevik rise to power in Russia in 1917 and the triumph of fascism in Italy in 1922. It ignited colonial revolts in the Middle East and in Southeast Asia.

Economically, the war severely disrupted the European economies and allowed the United States to become the world's leading creditor and industrial power. The war also brought vast social consequences, including the mass murder of Armenians in Turkey and an influenza epidemic that killed over 25 million people worldwide.

Few events better reveal the utter unpredictability of the future. At the dawn of the 20th century, most Europeans looked forward to a future of peace and prosperity. Europe had not fought a major war for 100 years. But a belief in human progress was shattered by World War I, a war few wanted or expected. At any point during the five weeks leading up to the outbreak of fighting the conflict might have been averted. World War I was a product of miscalculation, misunderstanding, and miscommunication.

No one expected a war of the magnitude or duration of World War I. At first the armies relied on outdated methods of communication, such as carrier pigeons. The great powers mobilized more than a million horses. But by the time the conflict was over, tanks, submarines, airplane-dropped bombs, machine guns, and poison gas had transformed the nature of modern warfare. In 1918, the Germans fired shells containing both tear gas and lethal chlorine. The tear gas forced the British to remove their gas masks; the chlorine then scarred their faces and killed them.

In a single day at the Battle of the Somme in 1916, 100,000 British troops plodded across no man's land into steady machine-gun fire from German trenches a few yards away. Some 60,000 were killed or wounded. At the end of the battle, 419,654 British men were killed, missing, or wounded.Four years of war killed a million troops from the British Empire, 1.5 million troops from the Hapsburg Empire, 1.7 million French troops, 1.7 million Russians, and 2 million German troops. The war left a legacy of bitterness that contributed to World War II twenty-one years later.

Stay up to date, and subscribe to our quarterly newsletter.

Learn how the Institute impacts history education through our work guiding teachers, energizing students, and supporting research.

In order to continue enjoying our site, we ask that you confirm your identity as a human. Thank you very much for your cooperation.

• Skip to main content
• Skip to secondary menu
• Skip to primary sidebar
• Skip to footer

A Plus Topper

Improve your Grades

World War 1 Essay | Essay on World War 1 for Students and Children in English

February 14, 2024 by Prasanna

World War 1 Essay: World War 1 was started in July 1914 and officially ended on November 11, 1918. Conflicts emerged among the most powerful forces in the modern world with the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Germany and the Ottoman Empire (and briefly Italy) on one side, and Britain, France, Russia, and later the United States on the other side during the war.

The war took the lives of some 20 million people and the world’s great empires fell. Czarist Russia turned into reinstated as the communist Soviet Union. Imperial Germany turned into reinstated as the Weimar Republic and lost some parts of its territory in the East and West.

You can also find more  Essay Writing  articles on events, persons, sports, technology and many more.

Long and Short Essays on World War 1 for Students and Kids in English

We are providing students with essay samples on a long essay of 500 words and a short of 150 words on the topic of World War 1 for reference.

Long Essay on World War 1 Essay 500 Words in English

Long Essay on World War 1 Essay is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

World War 1 started with a European conflict and gradually it developed into a World War. Militarism, nationalism, imperialism, and alliances increased the tensions among the European countries. The first reason, militarism, is known as the trend toward developing military resources, both for national defense and the protection of colonial interests.

Militarism indicated a rise in military disbursement and it extended to military and naval forces. It put more impact on the military men upon the policies of the civilian government. As a solution to problems militarism had a preference for force. This was one of the main reasons for the First World War. The second reason is there were too many alliances that frequently clashed with each other. Every country was pawning to safeguard others, creating intertwining mutual protection schemes.

They made alliances in secret, and they created a lot of mistrust and intuition among the European powers. Their general intuition stopped their diplomats to find a proper solution to many of the crises leading to war. Imperialism was the third reason for the First World War. As some areas of the world were left to colonize, nations were competing for subsisting colonies, and they were looking for enlarging their borders with adjacent countries. The fourth cause was nationalism. Nationalism is frequently insinuated to as identification with one’s own country and support for the country. Nationalism contains a strong recognition of a group of personnel with a political entity.

The support of individuals for their own country can become of one’s nation can become hatred of other nations. These were just some of the basic reasons for the war. Many people think that the instant reason for the war was because of the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, the successor to Austria-Hungary’s throne. Archduke Ferdinand was fired and murdered due to what was thought to be a political conspiracy. The Austro-Hungarian Empire suddenly doubted Serbian conspiracy in the assassination and looked to frame a response that would both punish Serbia, and make the world respect Austria-Hungary’s prestige and determination.

You can now access more Essay Writing on this topic and many more.

The Great War lasted four years. The war was finally over after four years and it took the lives of many people. On the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of 1918, a cease-fire went into effect for all fighters. Though the war has been finished, the effects, are still seen perceptible in the world today.

In the aftermath of World War 1, the political, cultural, and social order of the world was drastically changed in many places, even outside the areas directly involved in the war. Old nations were removed, new nations were formed, international organizations set up, and many new and old ideas took a stronghold in people’s minds.

As Europe fell in debt from war investment, inflation beset the continent. In addition to this, the buoyancy of previous decades was relinquished and a discouraging, gloomy outlook on life was adopted after people had experienced the ferocity of warfare and the effects of the war were brutal.

Short Essay on World War 1 Essay 150 Words in English

Short Essay on World War 1 Essay is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

The War took the lives of approximately 20 million people and put a break in the economic development of several nations. The war happened between two parties consisting of more than one hundred nations. Though all of them did not send armed forces to the battlefield, they were a hoard of commodities and human resources and provided moral support to their companions. It continued for 4 long years from 1914 to 1918. Indian soldiers also took part in World War 1 as a colony of Britain from Africa and West Asia.

India had an aspiration that they might win independence. World War 1 war laid down the economy of the world. It led to food shortage, an outbreak of a pandemic, scarcity of vital items, etc. At the end of 1918, the war came to an end. The Allied Powers won the war. Both parties signed the Peace Treaty called an armistice.

10 Lines on World War 1 Essay in English

1. The First World War was instigated in 1914 by Serbia. 2. The cause of the war was a competition between countries to acquire weapons and build military powers. 3. In 1914, Serbia aroused anger by assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir of Austria-Hungary throne. 4. The Allied Powers, and the Central Powers fought against each other. 5. The Central Powers include countries, such as Germany, Bulgaria, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Turkey. 6. The Allied Powers consisted of Serbia, Russia, The United Kingdom, France, Italy, Japan, and Belgium. 7. India, as a British colony, supported Britain. 8. The German adopted a militaristic Schlieffen approach. 9. World War 1 was fought from trenches, so it is also called the Trench War. 10. The War ended in 1918 after both allies signed an armistice.

FAQ’s on World War 1 Essay

Question 1. List the names of the two allies of the First World War 1914-1918.

Answer: The Allied Powers and the Central Powers.

Question 2. Who declared the First World War?

Answer: Austria-Hungary.

Question 3. Name the countries of Allied Powers.

Answer: Britain, Japan, France, Italy, Russia, the USA.

Question 4.  Why did the First World War end?

Answer: The First World War ended in November 1918 when both allies signed the Peace Treaty known as an armistice.

• Picture Dictionary
• English Speech
• English Slogans
• English Letter Writing
• English Essay Writing
• English Textbook Answers
• Types of Certificates
• ICSE Solutions
• Selina ICSE Solutions
• ML Aggarwal Solutions
• HSSLive Plus One
• HSSLive Plus Two
• Kerala SSLC
• Distance Education

• New Visions Social Studies Curriculum
• Curriculum Development Team
• Content Contributors
• Getting Started: Baseline Assessments
• Getting Started: Resources to Enhance Instruction
• Getting Started: Instructional Routines
• Unit 9.1: Global 1 Introduction
• Unit 9.2: The First Civilizations
• Unit 9.3: Classical Civilizations
• Unit 9.4: Political Powers and Achievements
• Unit 9.5: Social and Cultural Growth and Conflict
• Unit 9.6: Ottoman and Ming Pre-1600
• Unit 9.7: Transformation of Western Europe and Russia
• Unit 9.8: Africa and the Americas Pre-1600
• Unit 9.9: Interactions and Disruptions
• 10.0: Global 2 Introduction
• 10.01: The World in 1750 C.E.
• 10.02: Enlightenment, Revolution, and Nationalism
• 10.03: Industrial Revolution
• 10.04: Imperialism
• 10.05: World Wars
• 10.06: Cold War Era
• 10.07: Decolonization & Nationalism
• 10.08: Cultural Traditions and Modernization
• 10.09: Globalization and the Changing Environment
• 10.10: Human Rights Violations
• Unit 11.0: US History Introduction
• Unit 11.1: Colonial Foundations
• Unit 11.2: American Revolution
• Unit 11.3A: Building a Nation
• Unit 11.03B: Sectionalism & the Civil War
• Unit 11.4: Reconstruction
• Unit 11.5: Gilded Age and Progressive Era

Unit 11.6: Rise of American Power

• Unit 11.7: Prosperity and Depression
• Unit 11.8: World War II
• Unit 11.9: Cold War
• Unit 11.10: Domestic Change
• Resources: Regents Prep: Global 2 Exam
• Regents Prep: Framework USH Exam: Regents Prep: US Exam
• Find Resources

Rise of American Power

Causes and effects of world war 1, graphic organizer: to what extent did world war 1 affect americans socially, politically, and economically.

U.S. History

Impact of World War I on American Society: Causes and Effects of World War 1

Students will analyze the social, political, and economic effects of World War 1 and describe the five main causes of US participation in World War 1. 

Teacher Feedback

Please comment below with questions, feedback, suggestions, or descriptions of your experience using this resource with students.

If you found an error in the resource, please let us know so we can correct it by filling out this form . 

Home — Essay Samples — History — World History — WW1 And Its Effects On The World

Ww1 and Its Effects on The World

• Categories: Germany Russia World History

About this sample

Words: 966 |

Published: Mar 18, 2021

Words: 966 | Pages: 2 | 5 min read

Cite this Essay

Let us write you an essay from scratch

• 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help
• Custom essay delivered in as few as 3 hours

Get high-quality help

Dr. Karlyna PhD

Verified writer

• Expert in: Geography & Travel History

+ 120 experts online

By clicking “Check Writers’ Offers”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy . We’ll occasionally send you promo and account related email

No need to pay just yet!

Related Essays

4 pages / 1981 words

2 pages / 960 words

2 pages / 864 words

1 pages / 522 words

Remember! This is just a sample.

You can get your custom paper by one of our expert writers.

121 writers online

Still can’t find what you need?

Browse our vast selection of original essay samples, each expertly formatted and styled

Related Essays on World History

The Russian Revolution of 1917 was one of the most explosive political events of the twentieth century. The Russian Revolution affected the economy greatly. The effects on economy were the Czarist Rule, the Soviet Union was [...]

Delgado, James P. 'Kublai Khan's Lost Fleet: In Search of a Legendary Armada.' Vancouver Maritime Museum, 2010.Myers, Robert J. 'The Children of Pride: A True Story of Georgia and the Civil War.' Yale University Press, [...]

The annals of history are replete with figures whose exploits have shaped the trajectory of global development. Among these, Zheng He, a Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral, occupies a revered space. His [...]

Delgado, J. P. (2008). Khubilai Khan's Lost Fleet: In Search of a Legendary Armada. HarperCollins.Seymour, G. (1995). Divided Loyalties: Fort St. George During the American Revolution. Rutgers University Press.Belloc, H. (1926). [...]

We have discussed agriculture and it’s changes over the past two-hundred years. Compare the population 1900 to today for Texas, United States, And World. Today, i will tell you about comparing the population from 1900 to today [...]

Gunpowder has affected warfare all over the world in every different way, affecting the way battles were fought and borders were drawn since its invention in the Middle Ages.Gunpowder, any of several low-explosive mixtures used [...]

Related Topics

By clicking “Send”, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement . We will occasionally send you account related emails.

Where do you want us to send this sample?

By clicking “Continue”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy.

Be careful. This essay is not unique

This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before

Download this Sample

Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts

Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper.

Please check your inbox.

We can write you a custom essay that will follow your exact instructions and meet the deadlines. Let's fix your grades together!

Get Your Personalized Essay in 3 Hours or Less!

We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy .

• Instructions Followed To The Letter
• Deadlines Met At Every Stage
• Unique And Plagiarism Free

What are the causes and effects of First World War?

The First World War was a global conflict that took place from 1914 to 1918. It was sparked by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist in 1914, but the underlying causes of the war were more complex and multifaceted.

Some of the main causes of the First World War include:

The effects of the First World War were far-reaching and had a profound impact on the world. Some of the main effects of the war include:

Learn more about First World War at

https://brainly.com/question/1027241?referrer=searchResults

Related Questions

Rewrite in simplest terms: 2(-4c-3)+6(10c+5)2(−4c−3)+6(10c+5)

-480c^2 -548c - 156

Step-by-step explanation:

2(-4c-3)+6(10c+5)2(−4c−3)+6(10c+5)

-8c -6 + (60c + 30) (-8c -6) + 60c + 30

-8c -6 -480c^2 - 360c - 240c - 180 + 60c + 30

So, the answer is -480c^2 -548c - 156

If you can, please give me a Brainliest; thank you!

A corollary to the converse of the triangle proportionality theorem states that if three or more parallel lines intersect two transversals, then they divide the transversals proportionally. complete the proof of the corollary.

If the idea or theory upon which a corollary is founded is valid, then the corollary may be unquestionably true .

[tex]Given: $\overrightarrow{A D}\|\overleftrightarrow{B E}\| \overrightarrow{C F}$Prove: $\frac{A B}{B C}=\frac{D E}{E F}$[/tex]

[tex]Proof: In $\triangle G B E, \overline{A D} \| \overline{B E}$. By the Triangle Proportionality Theorem, $A B$ and $D E$ are proportional . In $\triangle G C F, \overline{B E} \| \overline{C F}$. By the Triangle Proportionality Theorem, $B C$ and $E F$ are proportional. Therefore, $\frac{A B}{B C}=\frac{D E}{E F}$.[/tex]

The term "corollary" refers to an outcome that follows logically from another action . You could claim that your rediscovered passion of reading is a corollary to the recent opening of a bookstore in your area. The term corollary describes the result of an action, such as the need to study more as a corollary to receiving a poor grade.

Any line that crosses two parallel lines is said to be transversal.

Because of what we currently know, we should be able to draw some further consequences that follow naturally from this theorem. A corollary is a name for such a conclusion. A statement (actually, another theorem) that follows from a "bigger-picture-theorem" may be automatically demonstrated to be true is known as a corollary.

To learn more about corollary refer to:

https://brainly.com/question/22443242

How can you use rounding to estimate the sum or difference of two numbers? Give an example and explain how you check your estimate.

We round each number to the nearest tens and then subtract those rounded values to estimate the difference .

How do you explain rounding?

Rounding means making a number simpler but keeping its value close to what it was. The result is less accurate , but easier to use. Example: 73 rounded to the nearest ten is 70, because 73 is closer to 70 than to 80. But 76 goes up to 80.

What is the easiest way to teach rounding?

The stylish way to start is by modeling rounding using two- number figures and showing children how to round to the nearest ten. Working with your child, ask him or her to suppose of a number being rounded, and ask what comes ahead and after that number, and fill in only those two figures.

Let's calculate 48 – 22. Nearer to 50 than 40 is 48. 48 is thus rounded up to 50.

We'll gain the basic expertise necessary for estimating a sum. Then, we'll discover a simple system for approaching the sum of two figures using rounding.

According to the given question:

When dealing with two- number figures, we can only estimate the value to the nearest tenth of a place.

Round the amount to the nearest whole number 10

50 + 30 = 80

To learn more about rounding visit

brainly.com/question/29022222

Quiz instructions d question 1 mindy is mixing paints. she makes orange paint by using a yellow-to-red ratio of 3:1. she makes purple paint by using a red-to-blue ratio of 5:2. mindy needs to mix 24 ounces of orange paint and 28 ounces of purple paint. how much red paint will she use?

18 ounces of red paint. Mindy needs to mix 24 ounces of orange paint and 28 ounces of purple paint with ratio.

For the orange paint, she is using a yellow-to-red ratio of 3:1. Therefore, for every 3 ounces of yellow paint, she needs 1 ounce of red paint .

For the purple paint, she is using a red-to-blue ratio of 5:2. Therefore, for every 5 ounces of red paint, she needs 2 ounces of blue paint.

To find the total amount of red paint Mindy needs, we need to calculate how much red paint she needs for the orange paint and for the purple paint separately.

For the orange paint, she needs 24 ounces of orange paint. Since the yellow-to-red ratio is 3:1, she needs 8 ounces of yellow paint and 3 ounces of red paint for every 24 ounces of orange paint. Therefore, she needs 24 ounces of orange paint x (8 ounces of yellow paint + 3 ounces of red paint) / 24 ounces of orange paint = 18 ounces of red paint.

For the purple paint, she needs 28 ounces of purple paint. Since the red-to-blue ratio is 5:2, she needs 10 ounces of red paint and 4 ounces of blue paint for every 28 ounces of purple paint. Therefore, she needs 28 ounces of purple paint x (10 ounces of red paint + 4 ounces of blue paint) / 28 ounces of purple paint = 18 ounces of red paint.

Therefore, Mindy will use 18 ounces of red paint to mix 24 ounces of orange paint and 28 ounces of purple paint.

Learn more about ratio here

https://brainly.com/question/13419413

What does it mean if the t-test shows that the results are not statistically significant?

A t-test is a statistical test that is used to determine whether there is a significant difference between the means of two groups. If the t-test shows that the results are not statistically significant, it means that there is not a significant difference between the means of the two groups. This could be due to a variety of factors, including small sample size, high variance within the groups, or a lack of a real difference between the groups. It is important to interpret the results of a t-test in the context of the research question being asked and the limitations of the study.

A retail fabric store advertises a storewide sale. it lists a certain material for $0.89/yd. a fabric warehouse is selling the same material for $0.93/m which store has the better price? justify your answer

The fabric store's price per yard is lower ($0.89/yd) than the fabric warehouse's price per yard ($0.85/yd)

The fabric store has the better price .

The fabric store is offering the material for $0.89/yd, while the fabric warehouse is offering it for $0.93/m.

To compare t he two prices, we must convert the fabric warehouse's price to yards.

We can do this by using the following formula :

Price per yard = ($0.93/m) * (1 m/1.094 yd)

Price per yard = $0.85/yd

Since the fabric store's price per yard is lower ($0.89/yd) than the fabric warehouse's price per yard ($0.85/yd), the fabric store has the better price.

Learn more about comparision here:

https://brainly.com/question/16824308

What are the two main ideas in civil disobedience?

It is also known as "passive resistance" . It is the refusal to obey the demands or commands of a government occupying power, without resorting to violence or active measures of opposition ; its usual purpose is to force concessions from the government or occupying power.

Now, According to the question:

The two main ideas in civil disobedience are:

Civil disobedience, also called passive resistance , the refusal to obey the demands or commands of a government or occupying power, without resorting to violence or active measures of opposition; its usual purpose is to force concessions from the government or occupying power.

Civil disobedience has been a major tactic and philosophy of nationalist movements in Africa and India, in the American civil rights movement, and of labor, anti-war, and other social movements in many countries.

Learn more about Civil disobedience at:

https://brainly.com/question/29546082

alli rolls a standard $6$-sided die twice. what is the probability of rolling integers that differ by $2$ on her first two rolls? express your answer as a common fraction.

the probability of rolling two integers that differ by 2 on the first two rolls is [tex]$\frac{3}{36}$[/tex], since there are 3 favorable outcomes out of 36 total possible outcomes

The probability of rolling integers that differ by 2 on the first two rolls is [tex]\frac{3}{36}[/tex].

There are six possible outcomes on a standard 6-sided die - 1,2,3,4,5,6.

The possible outcomes that could produce two integers that differ by 2 are (1,3), (3,5), and (5,1).

Therefore, the probability of rolling two integers that differ by 2 on the first two rolls is [tex]\frac{3}{36}[/tex], since there are 3 favorable outcomes out of 36 total possible outcomes. the probability of rolling two integers that differ by 2 on the first two rolls is [tex]\frac{3}{36}[/tex] since there are 3 favorable outcomes out of 36 total possible outcomes

Learn more about probability here

https://brainly.com/question/11234923

We have to use a little bit of casework to solve this problem because some numbers on the die have a positive difference of 2 when paired with either of two other numbers (for example, 3 with either 1 or 5) while other numbers will only have a positive difference of 2 when paired with one particular number (for example, 2 with 4).

If the first roll is a 1, 2, 5, or 6, there is only one second roll in each case that will satisfy the given condition, so there are 4 combinations of rolls that result in two integers with a positive difference of 2 in this case. If, however, the first roll is a 3 or a 4, in each case there will be two rolls that satisfy the given condition- 1 or 5 and 2 or 6, respectively. This gives us another 4 successful combinations for a total of 8.

Since there are 6 possible outcomes when a die is rolled, there are a total of [tex]6\cdot6=36[/tex] possible combinations for two rolls, which means our probability is [tex]$\dfrac{8}{36}=\boxed{\dfrac{2}{9}}.$[/tex]

We can also solve this problem by listing all the ways in which the two rolls have a positive difference of 2:

(6,4), (5,3), (4,2), (3,1), (4,6), (3,5), (2,4), (1,3).

So, we have 8 successful outcomes out of  possibilities, which produces a probability of [tex]\frac{8}{36}=\frac29[/tex]

Was the Estates General a failure or a success?

The Estates-General of 1789 ended in failure because the Third Estate  refused to accept the decision made by majority vote where the First Estate  and Second Estate   voted together to put the bulk of the taxation responsibilities on the shoulders of commoners.

Estates-General

The Estates General of 1789  was a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the clergy , the nobility, and the commoners. It was the last of the Estates General of the Kingdom of France.

The Estates General was made up of different groups of people called "Estates." The " Estates " were important social divisions in the culture of ancient France. What estate you belonged to had a major impact on your social status and quality of life.

Learn more about Estates-General here : -

https://brainly.com/question/11557570

A pail holds 230. 5 ounces (oz) of water when full. The bucket loses 0. 4 oz of water per second. In how many seconds will the bucket be 40% full? Round your answer to the nearest second. Can someone please help

In 345.75 s the bucket be 40% of the full capacity.

given that the bucket loses 0.4 oz of water per second

so at time t total water lose = 0.4t oz

we have initially 230.5 ounces (oz) of water

so total water remaining after t  s  is given by:

water left = 230.5 - 0.4t

and we have to find the time when total water remaining in the bucket is 0.4*230.5

so 0.4*230.5 = 230.5 - 0.4t

=> 0.4t =0.6 * 230.5

=>   t = 1.5 *230.5

=> t =345.75 s

so 345.75 s is required to loss 60% of the total water or to leave only 40% of water in the bucket.

To know more about ounce click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/26950819#

6. Given the implicit curve, x² - In (x/y) = 1, Write the linear approximation L(x) of the tangent line at (1,1).

The tangent line to the curve x² - ln(x/y) = 1 at point (1,1) is given as follows:

The function in this problem is defined as follows:

x² - ln(x/y) = 1

The equation for the tangent line is given as follows:

y - y* = m(x - x*).

The parameters for the equation are given as follows:

The derivative of the function is obtained using implicit differentiation, as follows:

[tex]2x\frac{dx}{dx} - \frac{1}{x} \frac{dx}{dx} - \frac{1}{y}\frac{dy}{dx} = 0[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{y}\frac{dy}{dx} = 2x - \frac{1}{x}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{dy}{dy} = y\left(2x - \frac{1}{x}\right)[/tex]

At x = 1, y = 1, the numeric value of the derivative, representing the slope of the tangent line, is given as follows:

m = 1(2 - 1).

Hence the equation for the tangent line at point (1,1) is given as follows:

y - 1 = 1(x - 1)

y - 1 = x - 1

More can be learned about tangent line at https://brainly.com/question/21595470

What is the solution to this system of equations?

you are working with the following selection of a spreadsheet: a b 1 customer address 2 sally stewart 9912 school st. north wales, pa 19454 3 lorenzo price 8621 glendale dr. burlington, ma 01803 4 stella moss 372 w. addison street brandon, fl 33510 5 paul casey 9069 e. brickyard road chattanooga, tn 37421 in order to extract the five-digit postal code from burlington, ma, what is the correct function?

The correct function that gives the right syntax for the given data analysis is = RIGHT(B3,5)

Interpret Data Cleaning Analysis :

Data cleaning is defined as the process of fixing or removing data that are incorrect,  incorrectly formatted, duplicated, corrupted, or even incomplete data that exists within a dataset.

Now, when we combine multiple data sources, what it means is that there could be many opportunities for the data to be duplicated or mislabeled.

Now, from the question, we can see the given data of the spreadsheet with customer names and addresses and as such, we can easily say that the correct syntax is =RIGHT(B3,5).

This is because the RIGHT Function usually returns a set number of characters from the right side of a text string.

To know more about data Analysis:

https://brainly.com/question/29514154

Triangle congruence statement and select the postulate that proves the two triangles are congruent

We can directly identify a pair of congruent triangles by selecting a postulate .

A statement that expresses that two triangles are congruent if they are made exactly in same shape and size. Hence, two triangles having equal corresponding side length and equal corresponding angles are congruent to each other.

A postulate is a mathematical statement that can claim an assumption as true without showing any proof.

We can claim the two triangles are congruent

if they contain three equal side lengths

if they have 2 equal side lengths along with 1 equal angle

the two triangles have 2 equal angles and 1 equal sides

if these are right angle triangles

Suppose we find two triangles which have exactly 3 side lengths to each other. In such case, we claim the triangles are congruent without any proof. And the situation is a postulate. Therefore, we identify a pair of congruent triangles without any verification.

To learn more about congruence theorem and postulate visit:

https://brainly.com/question/6108628

You're a full-time uber driver with two kids to support and a $1000 mortgage payment due in a week. can you earn enough to pay the bill -- and make more than other plays?

Where one is a full-time uber driver with two kids to support and a $1000 mortgage payment due in a week, note that it is possible to earn enough to pay the bill -- and make more than other players.

Note that the above question is based on a game by Financial Times . It is called The Uber Game. Note that the objective of the game is to demonstrate that it is possible to make a reasonable living by being a full-time Uber Driver.

The game is played at igdotftdotcom/uber-game.

It is crucial to note that as one would find in the game, making enough to cover one's expenses from the above game is subject to the following factors:

The objective of the game is to teach financial literacy to existing and prospective Full Time Uber Drivers. Note once again that this is an initiative of the Financial Times . Learn more about Uber; https://brainly.com/question/29850177 #SPJ1

theorems include: vertical angles are congruent points on a perpendicular bisector are equidistant from the segment endpoints find the m<ACS find the m<SCE find the m<FCA​

Vertical angles are congruent, so [tex]m\angle ACS=31^{\circ}[/tex].

Angles that form a linear pair add to [tex]180^{\circ}[/tex], so [tex]m\angle SCE=149^{\circ}[/tex].

Angles that form a linear pair add to [tex]180^{\circ}[/tex], so [tex]m\angle FCA=149^{\circ}[/tex].

a type of medicine is given in a 100 miligram dosage. the medicine comes in a 12 gram bottle. how many 100 milligram doses are in a bottle?

The medicine bottle has 120 doses of 100 miligram each.

As per the known fact, 1000 miligram is 1 gram. So, the amount of medicine in the bottle in milligrams = 12×1000

Performing multiplication on Right Hand Side of the equation

Amount of medicine in bottle = 12000 milligrams.

Now, number of dose of 100 miligram medicine = 1

Amount of dose of 12000 miligram medicine = (1/100)×12000

Performing division and multiplication on Right Hand Side of the equation

Amount of doses in 12000 miligram medicine = 120

Thus, there are 120 doses in a medicine.

Learn more about dosage calculations -

https://brainly.com/question/24793154

If each polyp is 0. 12 inches in diameter, how many polyps would fit in a row 12 inches long?

100 polyps would fit in a row 12 inches long.

The formula for calculating the number of polyps is:

Number of Polyps = 12 in/0.12 in = 100 polyps

To calculate the number of polyps that would fit in a row 12 inches long, we divide 12 (the length of the row) by 0.12 (the diameter of each polyp).

12 in/0.12 in = 100 polyps

This gives us the number of polyps that would fit in a row 12 inches long as 19.7. Thus, approximately 100 polyps would fit in a row 12 inches long

Therefore, 100 polyps would fit in a row 12 inches long.

Learn more about Diameter here:

https://brainly.com/question/5501950

Find the mean (a) 20, 50, 30, 40, 60, 80​

The mean of (a) 20,50,30,40,60,80 is 47 .

Mean = sum of observations/number of observations  

Sum of observations = 20+50+30+40+60+80 = 280

Total number of observations = 6

    Mean = 280/6

         = 46.6

         = 47 (approx.)

Hence, the mean of the observations is 47 .

To know more about mean read here:

https://brainly.com/question/20118982

In circle N with m \angle MNP= 122m∠MNP=122 and MN=10MN=10 units, find the length of arc MP. Round to the nearest hundredth

In circle N with ∠MNP= 122 and MN=10 units, the length of arc MP is: 21.3 unit.

An "arc" in mathematics is a straight line that connects two ends. An arc is often one of a circle's parts. It basically makes up a portion of a circle's circumference.

The formula for calculating arc length is used to determine the length of the arc's curved line (a segment of a circle). The arc length is the length of the circle's curved line, which may be expressed as a distance through the curve.

Given that,

A circle N with ∠MNP = 122

radius MN = 10 and

As we know,

Arc length (S) = 2π × radius (R) × (Angle/ 360)

Here R = 10 unit ,

and ∠MNP = 122

arc length (S) = 2 × π × 10 × (122/360)

or, S = 21.289 unit ≈ 21.3 unit

Thus, the arc length (MP) is 21.3 unit.

To know more about length of arc refer to:

https://brainly.com/question/2005046

Find the measure of one exterior angle in each regular polygon. Round your answer to the nearest tenth if necessary. 3) O 45° 0277 51. 4 072

The measure of one exterior angle in each regular polygon is 90, 36, 40,  60, 72

(a). A regular quadrilateral :

We know that the interior anger of a regular polygon can we found using the formula [tex]$\frac{180(n-2)}{n}$[/tex], where, n is the number of - rides the polygon has.

In these case n=4.

Thus, interior angle =[tex]\frac{180(4-2)}{4}=\frac{180 \times 2}{4} \\\\[/tex]

[tex]&=\frac{180}{2} \\\\[/tex]

(b).  A Regular decagon:

We know that, for a regular polygon, interior angle [tex]$=\frac{180(n-2)}{n}$[/tex], where, n is no of sides.

Thus, interior angle=[tex]\frac{180(10-2)}{10}[/tex]

Therefore, the exterior angle=(180°-144)=36°

(c). A regular nonagon:

For a regular polygon, interior angle [tex]$=\frac{180(n-2)}{n}$[/tex] where, n is number of sides.

Thus, interior angle[tex]=\frac{180(9-2)}{9} \\[/tex]

Thus, the exterior angle is (180°-140)=40°

(d). A regular hexagon:

For a regular hexagon ,  interior angle [tex]$=\frac{180(n-2)}{n}$[/tex]  where, n is number of sides.

Thus, interior angle[tex]$=\frac{180(6-2)}{6}$[/tex]

Thus, the exterior angle is (180°-120)=60°

(e). A regular pentagon:

For a regular pentagon interior angle [tex]$=\frac{180(n-2)}{n}$[/tex]  where, n is number of sides.

Thus, interior angle=[tex]$=\frac{180(5-2)}{5}$[/tex]

Thus, the exterior angle is (180°-108)=72°

For more such questions on exterior angle

https://brainly.com/question/28835566

The equations in this sytem were added to solve for x. What is the value of x? negative 2 x + y = 8. 5 x minus y = negative 5. 3 x = 3.

The value of x is 1.

An equation is a mathematical statement that is made up of two expressions connected by an equal sign.

2x + 5 = 8 is an equation .

2x + y = 8 _____(1)

5x - y = -5 _____(2)

3x = 3 ______(3)

From (3) we get,

Learn more about equations here:

https://brainly.com/question/17194269

Given the function: f (x) = (3 x 4) minus (2 minus x) evaluate for f (5). a. 22 b. 15 c. 16 d. 30

Correct option is - b. 15

After simplifying f (x) = (3 x 4) - (2 - x) using BODMAS rule we get the required solution.

BODMAS stands for Bracket, Of, Division, Multiplication, Addition, and Subtraction. A mathematical expression's order of execution is explained using the BODMAS. The acronym PEDMAS, which stands for Parentheses , Exponents, Division, Multiplication, Addition, and Subtraction, is sometimes used to refer to the BODMAS.

Given a function  f (x) = (3 x 4) - (2 - x)

now,  f (x) = (3 x 4) - (2 - 5)

using BODMAS rule, f (5)= 12+3 =15

To learn more about BODMAS , refer to the link below

https://brainly.in/question/3982019

Correct option for function is - b. 15

To learn more about BODMAS , visit:

brainly.com/question/29626866

the number 3076 written in standard form

The number 3076 written in standard form as 3000+0+70+6.

The standard form means the process of writing very large expanded form of a number into small form or small number.

The given number is 3076

Now, in standard form

3×1000+0×100+7×10+6×1

= 3000+0+70+6

Therefore, the standard form is 3000+0+70+6.

To learn more about the standard form of a number visit:

https://brainly.com/question/13139379.

Samir does not have typical lab equipment but needs to detect hydrocarbons in evidence. which tool would samir most likely use to release traces of hydrocarbons

He will most likely use cigarette lighter to release the trace of hydrocarbon. The trace of Hydrocarbon release when the lighter burning the fuel in the lighter.

Hydrocarbons are form from 2 words which is hydro means hydrogen element and carbons means carbon element. So, The definition of Hydrocarbons is an organic chemical compound that only contain hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons can be found in the fossil fuel, natural gas, coal and energy resources. The simplest form of Hydrocarbon is CH₄ which is called methane. Every successive member of hydrocarbons will add one more Carbon of the previous form such as ethene, the second simplest form where its formula is C₂H₆. This series will continue with formula (CₙH₂ₙ₊₂).

Learn more about hydrocarbon here

https://brainly.com/question/3551546

What becomes symbolic in the play Trifles?

Mrs. Wright becomes the symbolic in the play Trifles.

According to the title of the play called Trifles defines a symbol reflecting how men view women.

And the term trifle is something that is small and it is as of little value or importance or of no consequence.

At the follow of the play the person called Glaspell uses dialogue which allows us to see the demeaning view the men have for the women.

Here in the canning jars of fruit represent Minnie's extreme concern over her role as wife and her household responsibilities.

While this one concern is the product of the pressure society has placed on her as a woman and a wife, and it will teaching her to fear the judgment of men if she does not adequately fulfill her expected role.

As per the given story it has be defined as the bird itself symbolizes the freedom and spirits of Mrs. Wright.

Here we know that what Ms. Hale said in Trifles will come to think of it, we know that she was kind of like a bird herself-real sweet and pretty, but kind of timid and- fluttery.

To know more about symbol here.

https://brainly.com/question/11260830

Find the measure of SRT please help!​

∠ SRT = 55°

angles on the circle ( inscribed angles ) from the same chord are equal.

∠ SRT and ∠ SVT are inscribed angles from the same chord ST , then

∠ SRT = ∠ SVT = 55°

Find the equation of the linear function represented by the table below in slope intercept form. Please!!

The equation is y = mx + b

We find the m or slope

Slope = rise/run or (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)

We see that the y decrease by 3 and the x increase by 1, so

The y-intercept is at (0, -1)

So, our answer is y= -3x -1

4. bucket a contains paint with 12. 5% blue dye and bucket b contains paint with 20% blue dye. how much paint from each bucket is required to make 60 liters of paint with 17% blue dye? a. bucket a: 20 liters, bucket b: 40 liters b. bucket a: 30 liters, bucket b: 30 liters c. bucket a: 24 liters, bucket b: 36 liters d. bucket a: 36 liters, bucket b: 24 liters w

On solving the provided question we can say that -  by the equation we have v= 60 X ( 4.5 / 7.5), v = 36, 36 Liters

An equation is a mathematical formula that expresses equality by joining two expressions together with the equal symbol =. The definition of an equation in algebra is a mathematical statement proving the equality of two mathematical expressions. In the equation 3x + 5 = 14, for instance, the terms 3x + 5 and 14 are separated by an equal sign. An equal sign is a part of all mathematical formulas, including equations. Often, algebra is used in equations. In mathematics, algebra is employed when we don't know the precise quantity to calculate

12.5 X (60 - v) + 20v= 17.60

7.5v = 17.70 - 12.5 X 60

v= 60 X ( 4.5 / 7.5)

To know more about equation visit:

brainly.com/question/649785

please help quickly! Which system of inequalities is shown in the graph?

c y<2x-2

y<x2-3x I did this last year and I remembered it and got into my notes and found it

The system of inequalities shown in the graph is y ≤ 2x -2 and y ≤ x² -3x so, option C is correct .

Inequalities specify the relationship between two values that are not equal. Equal does not imply inequality . Typically, we use the "not equal sign" to indicate that two values are not equal

The graph of the inequality is shown,

As you can see from the graph, the  x² -3x is representing and the line is representing by the  2x - 2,

Find the zeroes of the equation x² -3x and 2x - 2 as shown below,

x = 0, x = 3

As you can see, if the zeroes are positive, then the inequality will be y ≤ 2x -2 and y ≤ x² -3x.

To know more about inequality :

https://brainly.com/question/2038369

Advertisement

Supported by

What We Know About the Global Microsoft Outage

Airlines to banks to retailers were affected in many countries. Businesses are struggling to recover.

• Share full article

By Eshe Nelson and Danielle Kaye

Eshe Nelson reported from London and Danielle Kaye from New York.

Across the world, critical businesses and services including airlines, hospitals, train networks and TV stations, were disrupted on Friday by a global tech outage affecting Microsoft users.

In many countries, flights were grounded, workers could not get access to their systems and, in some cases, customers could not make card payments in stores. While some of the problems were resolved within hours, many businesses, websites and airlines continued to struggle to recover.

What happened?

A series of outages rippled across the globe as information displays, login systems and broadcasting networks went dark.

The problem affecting the majority of services was caused by a flawed update by CrowdStrike , an American cybersecurity firm, whose systems are intended to protect users from hackers. Microsoft said on Friday that it was aware of an issue affecting machines running “CrowdStrike Falcon.”

But Microsoft had also said there was an earlier outage affecting U.S. users of Azure, its cloud service system. Some users may have been affected by both. Even as CrowdStrike sent out a fix, some systems were still affected by midday in the United States as businesses needed to make manual updates to their systems to resolve the issue.

George Kurtz, the president and chief executive of CrowdStrike, said on Friday morning that it could take some time for some systems to recover.

How a Software Update Crashed Computers Around the World

Here’s a visual explanation for how a faulty software update crippled machines.

How the airline cancellations rippled around the world (and across time zones)

Share of canceled flights at 25 airports on Friday

50% of flights

Ai r po r t

Bengalu r u K empeg o wda

Dhaka Shahjalal

Minneapolis-Saint P aul

Stuttga r t

Melbou r ne

Be r lin B r anden b urg

London City

Amsterdam Schiphol

Chicago O'Hare

Raleigh−Durham

B r adl e y

Cha r lotte

Reagan National

Philadelphia

1:20 a.m. ET

We are having trouble retrieving the article content.

Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and  log into  your Times account, or  subscribe  for all of The Times.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access.

Already a subscriber?  Log in .

Want all of The Times?  Subscribe .

The First World War’s Long- and Short-Term Causes Essay

• To find inspiration for your paper and overcome writer’s block
• As a source of information (ensure proper referencing)
• As a template for you assignment

The First World War remains one of the most devastating historical events ever experienced. Numerous conflicts witnessed in Europe towards the end of the 19th century and the start of the 20th formed the basis for resentment, hate, and the arms race that led to the Great War. Still, the war had no single cause but emerged due to a combination of numerous long- and short-term factors. Notably, the formation of alliances and imperialism were the long-term causes, while the death of Archduke Ferdinand and Serbia’s failure to honor the ten-point ultimatum were the immediate causes of WW1.

Undoubtedly, the build-up towards the First World War started early in the mid-19th century due to imperialism. The industrialized European powers were competing for colonies across the world, especially in Asia and Africa ( World War I , n.d.). Apart from viewing imperialism as an economic venture, most Europeans perceived that their military, culture, and race were superior and should influence the entire world. As more European powers realized the financial advantage and prestige that came with colonies, the idea became more competitive to the extent of nations clashing and almost starting war.

Britain and France acquired the most significant share, which angered other European countries ( World War I , n.d.). As a result, rivalries emerged, but Britain and France perceived their vast colonies as confirmation of being influential states in Europe.

Imperialism created hostility and paved the way for the formation of alliances. After the Franco-Prussian war of 1871, the German states united while defeated France remained disgruntled after losing part of its territory, Loraine and Alsace ( World War I , n.d.).

To cushion herself from future war with Germany and Austria-Hungary, France allied with Russia. Britain also sought an alliance with France after realizing it was friendless following the Second Boer War in South Africa between 1899 and 1902. Russia also allied itself with Serbia in the Balkan region. Due to Russia’s large population, Germany and Austria-Hungary saw it as a potential threat and decided to form an alliance ( World War I , n.d.). Thus, two antagonistic groups were formed; Triple Entente comprising France, Russia, and Britain, while Triple Alliance consisted of Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy.

At the same time, the Ottoman Empire was disintegrating with different ethnic groups seeking independence. Rising nationalism led to various wars in the Balkan region, with the Second Balkan War of 1912-1913 promoting Serbia to increase its size ( World War I , n.d.). Austria-Hungary had equally gained territory from the Ottoman Empire, including Bosnia Herzegovina, inhabited mainly by South Slavic people. Serbia wanted to unite all the Serbs in the Balkan region, but Austria-Hungary was not ready to surrender Bosnia Herzegovina. The Serbs in Austria-Hungary were also pushing to break away and join Serbia.

At the height of nationalism, one young Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip, shot dead Austria-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophia while visiting Bosnia. The tension between Serbia and her allies and Austria-Hungary and her friends heightened ( World War I , n.d.). Austria-Hungary gave Serbia a ten-point ultimatum, which Serbia honored only nine points. Russia promised Serbia support in case Austria-Hungary, which Germany had pledged reinforcement, attacked. On July 14, 1914, World War One officially started and continued for the next four years before ending in 1918.

Overall, the First World War started due to various factors. However, historians agree that among the long-term causes were imperialism and the formation of alliances. Triple Entente became the Allied Powers while the Triple alliance was Central Powers during the war. However, the most immediate causes of the war were the killing of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife. Moreover, Serbia’s failure to honor Austria-Hungary’s ten-point ultimatum escalated the conflict.

World War I . (n.d.). HistoryNet. Web.

• German Resignation to the Armistice
• Factors Leading to the Termination of World War I
• Why Europe Went to War
• World War 1 Origins (How and Why the War Started)
• Archduke Piano Trio's Live Concert
• Submarines: The Significance of Submarines in the First World War
• British Tanks: Strengths and Weaknesses
• World War I Causes by Ethnic Problems in Austro-Hungary
• The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• The Central Powers in the First World War
• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2022, July 2). The First World War's Long- and Short-Term Causes. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-first-world-wars-long-and-short-term-causes/

"The First World War's Long- and Short-Term Causes." IvyPanda , 2 July 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/the-first-world-wars-long-and-short-term-causes/.

IvyPanda . (2022) 'The First World War's Long- and Short-Term Causes'. 2 July.

IvyPanda . 2022. "The First World War's Long- and Short-Term Causes." July 2, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-first-world-wars-long-and-short-term-causes/.

1. IvyPanda . "The First World War's Long- and Short-Term Causes." July 2, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-first-world-wars-long-and-short-term-causes/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "The First World War's Long- and Short-Term Causes." July 2, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-first-world-wars-long-and-short-term-causes/.

Fuel Lyrics

How to Format Lyrics:

• Type out all lyrics, even repeating song parts like the chorus
• Lyrics should be broken down into individual lines
• Use section headers above different song parts like [Verse], [Chorus], etc.
• Use italics ( <i>lyric</i> ) and bold ( <b>lyric</b> ) to distinguish between different vocalists in the same song part
• If you don’t understand a lyric, use [?]

To learn more, check out our transcription guide or visit our transcribers forum

The 9th track on Eminem’s 12th studio album, The Death of Slim Shady (Coup De Grâce) , features East Atlanta rapper, JID who appeared in the music video for Eminem’s “Doomsday Pt. 2” earlier this year.

Aptly titled “Fuel,” this high-octane collaboration between the two rappers serves as an assertion of their dominance in the rap game and their refusal to be silenced. JID sets the tone for the song with an opening verse that establishes his street credibility through references to the struggles and violence prevalent in his hometown.

Eminem follows with a verse that taunts his critics and doubters, weaving in contemporary references such as the Kyle Rittenhouse case, Halyna Hutchins' accidental death on set by Alec Baldwin, and sexual assault allegations against Diddy, as well as his alleged involvement in the death of Tupac.

Find answers to frequently asked questions about the song and explore its deeper meaning

No, “Fuel” marks the first collaboration between Eminem and JID.

“Fuel” debuted at #21 on the Billboard Hot 100 for the chart week ending July 27, 2024. The song marks JID’s first appearance on the chart in 2024.

• 1. Renaissance
• 4. Brand New Dance
• 6. All You Got (skit)
• 8. Antichrist
• 10. Road Rage
• 11. Houdini
• 12. Breaking News (skit)
• 13. Guilty Conscience 2
• 14. Head Honcho
• 15. Temporary
• 16. Bad One
• 18. Guess Who’s Back (skit)
• 19. Somebody Save Me
• 20. Steve Berman (skit) [2024]
• 21. Kyrie & Luka
• 22. Like My Shit

Genius is the world’s biggest collection of song lyrics and musical knowledge