essay on our duty towards our country

Essay on my Duty towards my Country for Students

Table of Contents

My Duty towards my Country Essay: Duty of any person of the country in his/her any age group is a must to do responsibility of that person towards his/her country. There is no any particular time which will call anyone to perform the duty towards country however it is the birth rights of every Indian citizen to understand and perform all the duties towards their country as daily routine or whenever required according to the type of duty. The Prime Minister of India , Narendra Modi, has said to discuss this topic in the schools, colleges and other places at the Republic Day celebration of India 2016.

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Long and Short Essay on Duty towards my Country in English

We have provided here variety of essay on my Duty towards my Country in order to help students. All the my Duty towards my Country essay are written using simple English language especially for the students. They can select anyone according to the need and requirement:

Duty towards my Country Essay 100 words

We can say that duty is a moral and legal responsibility of a person which he/she must have to perform towards country. It is a task or action needed to be performed as a job by each and every citizen of the country. Performing duties towards the nation is the respect of a citizen towards his/her nation. Everyone must follow all the rules and regulation as well as be courteous and loyal for responsibilities towards the nation. There are various duties of a person towards nation such as economical growth, development, cleanliness, good governance, quality education, removing poverty, removing all the social issues, bring gender equality, have respect to everyone, go for voting, remove child labour to give healthy youths to the nation and many more.

Duty towards my Country Essay 150 words

Duty towards country is having moral commitments and performing all the individual or group responsibilities. It is must be understood by each and every citizen of the country. India is a country which believes ‘unity in diversity’ where people of more than one religions, casts, creed and languages live together. It is a country famous all across the world for its culture, tradition and historical heritages however still counted as developing country because of the irresponsibility of its citizens.

There is a big gap between rich and poor people. Rich people do not understand and perform their responsibilities towards poor people. They forget their responsibility of economical growth in the country which is possible by eliminating poverty from the country. Everyone should help backward people to grow up, remove social issues, corruption, bad politics, etc running in the country. A very good example of loyal and selfless duty towards country is the duty performed by the Indian soldiers at the borders.

They stand up there 24 hrs to protect us and our country from the rivals. They perform their duty regularly even they face various big problems on the orders. They are away from their loved ones and do not get comfort and luxury life. However, despite of getting all the basic facilities in our life, we are unable to perform even our small responsibilities like cleanliness, following rules, etc.

Duty towards my Country Essay 200 words

Individual Duties of People towards Country

Being a citizen or a member of the society, community, or country needs some duties to be performed individually. Everyone has to perform duties of citizenship in the country in order provide bright future. A country is backward, poor, or developing, everything depends on its citizens especially if a country is democratic country. Everyone should exist in the state of good citizen and be loyal towards country. People should follow all the rules, regulations and laws made by the government for their safety and betterment of life.

They should believe in equality and live with proper equation in the society. Being a common citizen, no one shows sympathy with the crime and must raise voice against that. People in India have power to elect their chief minister, prime minister, and other political leader through their votes, so they never waste their votes by selecting bad leaders who can corrupt their country. However, they should understand and know properly about his/her leaders and then give right vote. Their duty is to make their country clean and beautiful. They should not destroy and dirt the heritages and other tourist places. People must take interest in the daily news other than their daily routine activities in order to know what bad or good are going on in their country.

Duty towards my Country Essay 250 words

India is a religious, cultural and traditional country and famous for the unity in diversity. However, it needs more efforts from the end of its citizens to keep it clean, free of corruption, free of social issues, crimes against women, poverty, pollution, global warming, etc for more development. People need to understand their duties towards country instead of shouting and blaming to the government. Each and every person is individually responsible for the growth and development in the country. People should never forget a famous quote said by Lao Tzu that, “The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step”. Everyone should be aware of their fundamental duties and follow without ignorance. As being a good and responsible citizen of the country, everyone must perform duties very loyally as:

• People should obey all the rule and laws made by the government. They should respect the authority and do not break rules as well as motivate others to do the same.
• They should not bear any crime against them and must raise voice against corruption. They must perform civic and social duties without negatively affecting the society.
• They should provide solutions to needy people, vote intelligently and pay their all taxes a proper time.
• They should take the help of acts like RTI, RTE, etc for the goodness of society.
• Everyone must involve in the cleanliness campaign to keep surroundings and locality clean. They should teach kids to use dustbin to throw useless things and take care of the public properties.
• People, who are able, must leave their gas subsidy for poor people.
• Everyone should be honest and loyal to the country and fellow citizens. They have feeling of respect to each other and must respect social and economic policies for the welfare of the country.
• People must involve their kids in the education and take care of their health and childhood. They should not force their kids for child labour and other crimes.
• People should try their best to make a best country of the world.

Duty towards my Country Essay 300 words

Duty of a person is the responsibility which he/she needs to perform individually. A citizen living in the society, community or country has various duties and responsibilities towards the society, community and country to be performed in right manner. People should have faith in goodness and never ignore important duties towards their country.

My Duties towards my Country as being a Citizen

Years have been passed since our country got independence from the British rule by the sacrifices of many great freedom fighters. They were real followers of their duties towards country who really made possible the dream of freedom in the country by paying very costly cost of lives of millions of people. After independence of India, rich people and politicians got involved in their own development only and not the country. It is true that we have been independent from the British rule however not from the greediness, crimes, corruption, irresponsibility, social issues, child labour, poverty, cruelty, terrorism, female infanticide, gender inequality, dowry death, gang rape, and other illegal activities.

It is not enough making only rules, regulations, laws, acts, campaigns and programmes by the government, they are needed to be followed strictly by each and every Indian citizen to be really free from all the illegal activities. Indian citizens need to perform their loyal duties towards country for the betterment of everyone by eliminating poverty, gender inequality, child labour, crimes against women and other social issues. Indian citizens have right to select their own political leader which can lead their country in right direction towards development. So, they do not have right to blame bad people in their life. They must keep their eyes opened while voting their political leaders and chose the one who is really free of corrupt mind and has capability to lead a country.

It is must for the people of India to perform their duties individually towards country to really become independent in true sense. It is very necessary for the development of the country which can be possible only from the end of its disciplined, punctual, dutiful and honest citizens.

Duty towards my Country Essay 400 words

A person has various duties in his/her life towards himself, family, parents, kids, wife, husband, neighbors, society, community and most importantly towards the country. Duties of a person towards country are very important to maintain its dignity, bright future, and lead it towards betterment.

I am an Indian citizen as I took birth here. As being a responsible citizen of the country, I have many duties towards my country which I must fulfill all that. I have to perform my duties in various aspects and all that related to the development of my country.

What is Duty

Duty is a task or action needed to be performed by each and every individual of the country on regular basis for the betterment and more development. Performing duty loyally is the responsibility of Indian citizens and is the demand of development in country.

What are my Duties towards my Country

Citizen of a country is the person who lives almost his/her full life and leaves his/her ancestors too, so everyone has some duties towards country. Take an example of home in which various members live together however everyone has to follow all the rules and regulations made by a most senior person or head of the family for the betterment and peaceful life in the home. Just like that, our country is like a home in which people of various religions live together however they need to follow some rules and regulations made by the government for more development in the country. Loyal duties of citizens aim to remove all the social issues, bring real independence in the country and come under the category of developed countries.

People working in the government or private offices, must go on time and perform their duties loyally without wasting time as there is a true saying that “if we destroy time, time will destroy us”. Time never waits anyone, it runs continuously and we should learn from the time. We should not stay until we get the goal in our life. The most important goal of our life is to make our country a great country in true sense.

We should not be selfish people and understand our duties towards country. It’s we, not others who are both, the victim and the benefiter. Our each and every activity affects us in positive and negative manner (if we do positive we become benefiter and if we do negative we become victim). So, why we do not take pledge today to take our each and every step positively in right direction in order to get protected from being a victim in our own country. It is us who have right to rule the country by selecting a good leader. So, why we blame others or politicians, we should blame only us and not others as it’s we who are not performing duties according to the demand. We have been involved in our own daily routine only and have not any mean to other’s life, extracurricular activities, political affairs of the country, etc. It is our mistake that our country is still in the category of developing country and not in the developed country.

It is a big problem man; we should not take it easy. We should not be greedy and selfish; we should live and let others live a healthy and peaceful life. The bright future of our country is in our own hand. Still there is a time and chance for us, we can do better. Start living with open eyes and perform true duties towards the country. We should maintain the cleanliness of our heart, body, mind and surrounding areas for the good start.

Duty towards my Country Essay 600 words

Duties of Citizens towards Country as : Following are the responsibilities of Indian citizens at their different positions:

• Parents : Parents are highly responsible for their country as they are the main source of giving good or bad leaders to the country. They are considered as the first basic school for their kids so they should be attentive all time as they are responsible to nourish the future of the country. Because of some greedy parents (whether poor or rich), our country is still having poverty, gender inequality, child labour, bad social or political leaders, female infanticide, and thus poor future of the country. All the parents should understand their duties towards country and must send their kids to the school (whether boy or girl) for proper education, take care of the health, hygiene and moral development of their kids, teach good habits and etiquettes, and teach them their responsibilities towards country.
• Teacher : Teachers are the secondary source of giving their country a nice future by making their students as good and successful citizens of country in the future. They should understand their duties towards country and never show difference among their students (rich and poor, genius and average students, etc). They should teach their all students in equal manner in order to give good leaders and bright future to the country.
• Doctor : A doctor is considered as God for the patients as he/she gives new life to them. Because of some greedy doctors, high technique treatments are not available within the country. They are very costly to which poor or even middle class people cannot afford. Some government doctors do not perform their duties well in the hospital and open their personal clinics at many places to earn more money. They should understand their responsibility of making available all the costly treatments at affordable cost within the country. They should not go abroad after higher study however, work in their own country for better development.
• Engineer : Engineers are highly responsible for the infrastructure development in the country. They should positively use their knowledge and professional skills in right direction to develop their country. They should not involve in corruption and be loyal to their duties.
• Politician : The status of the country depends on its politician. A politician (who is not greedy and not involved in corruption) plays various great roles in the development of country whereas a corrupt politician can destroy the country. So, a politician must understand and perform his/her duties towards country.
• Policemen : Police is allotted at various places in the city, state and national level in order to maintain security, peace and harmony all over the country. They are the hope of people, so they should be loyal towards people as well as country.
• Businessmen : The duty of a businessman towards his country is to create more employment in the country and not in abroad in order to improve economy as well as reduce poverty in the country. He should not involve in the corruption and smuggling.
• Sportsperson : Sportsperson should play their games and sports loyally in their own country and should not involve in any type of corruption or match fixing as they are role model to many growing youths of the country.
• Common Citizen (Aam Adami) : Common citizens are highly responsible in various ways to their country. They should understand their loyal duties and chose a good leader to lead their country in right direction. They should make their home and surrounding areas neat and clean so that they can be healthy, happy and free of diseases. They should be disciplined, punctual, and always be on time without getting late even for a minute to their job where they are working in any profession.

My Duty towards my Country Essay FAQs

What is my duty towards the country.

Your duty towards the country is to be a responsible citizen, follow the law, and contribute positively to its progress.

What can I do for my country essay?

You can help your country by being educated, supporting local businesses, and actively participating in community service.

What are my duties as the citizen of India essay?

As a citizen of India, your duties include obeying the law, paying taxes, and participating in the democratic process.

How can we make India a better country essay?

We can make India a better country by promoting education, reducing poverty, and fostering unity among its people.

How many duties are there in our country?

There are many duties in our country, but some of the most important ones include respecting others, protecting the environment, and upholding justice.

What is my duty as a student towards my country?

As a student, your duty towards your country is to gain knowledge, work hard, and prepare yourself for a productive future.

What are your duties towards your family?

Your duties towards your family include providing emotional support, helping with chores, and showing love and respect.

What would I have done for my nation?

You can serve your nation by working honestly, respecting diversity, and participating in community development.

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Essay On My Country: Sample Essay in 150 & 200 Words

• Updated on  
• Mar 18, 2024

India, a land of mystique and diversity, captivates the world with its vibrant tapestry of cultures, traditions, and landscapes. Nestled in South Asia, it stands as the world’s largest democracy and a cultural kaleidoscope-like no other. Its history spans millennia, giving rise to a rich tapestry of heritage that includes the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, the Mughal Empire, and the struggle for independence led by Mahatma Gandhi.

The subcontinent’s breathtaking geography encompasses the towering Himalayas to the north, lush forests, fertile plains, and sun-kissed coastlines. India’s influence on art, cuisine, spirituality, and philosophy is profound, making it a captivating subject of exploration. Find out more about India after reading different Essays on My Country. 

Table of Contents

• 1 Geography and Landscape
• 2 Historical Significance
• 3 Festivals and Traditions
• 4 Sample Essay On My Country in 150 words
• 5 Sample Essay On My Country in 200 words
• 6 10 Lines Essay on My Country

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Geography and Landscape

India, a vast South Asian nation, boasts diverse geography and landscapes. In the north, the mighty Himalayan mountain range stands tall, harbouring some of the world’s highest peaks, including Mount Everest. These snow-clad peaks not only define India’s northern border but also influence its climate and river systems.

Moving southward, the fertile Gangetic plains stretch across the country, nurturing agriculture and supporting a significant portion of India’s population. To the west lies the Thar Desert, a stark contrast to the lush plains, characterized by arid expanses and shifting dunes. India’s eastern regions are adorned with lush forests, hills, and the Sundarbans delta, famous for its rich biodiversity. Finally, the Indian Peninsula is surrounded by a vast coastline, featuring pristine beaches, coastal plains, and diverse ecosystems. 

Historical Significance

India boasts immense historical significance, with a rich tapestry of achievements and milestones:

• Indus Valley Civilization: Home to one of the world’s oldest urban civilizations, dating back to 2500 BCE.
• British Colonialism: India’s struggle for independence was led by figures like Mahatma Gandhi.
• Independence (1947): Gained freedom from British rule, becoming the world’s largest democracy.
• Partition: Witnessed the division into India and Pakistan, leading to significant socio-political changes.
• Economic Growth: Emerging as a global economic powerhouse.
• Cultural Diversity: A mosaic of languages, religions, and traditions, making it a cultural treasure.

Festivals and Traditions

India is renowned for its vibrant tapestry of festivals and traditions, reflecting its rich cultural diversity. Diwali, the Festival of Lights, illuminates the country with lamps and fireworks, symbolizing the victory of light over darkness. Holi, the Festival of Colors, is a riotous celebration marked by playful colour fights and festive music, celebrating the arrival of spring.

Religious traditions like Ramadan and Eid are observed with fasting and communal feasts by Muslims, while Christians celebrate Christmas with midnight masses and carols. India’s diverse population also celebrates regional festivals like Pongal in Tamil Nadu, Navratri in Gujarat, and Durga Puja in West Bengal, each with unique rituals and customs. These festivals not only strengthen cultural ties but also offer a glimpse into the vibrant tapestry of India’s traditions and spirituality.

Also Read: Essay on Population Explosion for Students in English

Sample Essay On My Country in 150 words

India is a homeland of myriad contrasts and a rich tapestry of ancient traditions and modernity. As the world’s largest democracy, it harmoniously embraces diversity with over a billion people representing an abundance of regions, languages and customers.

From the snow-capped Himalayan peaks in the north to the pristine beaches in the south, India’s geography mirrors the kaleidoscope of its people. Its history echoes with the saga of mighty empires from the Mauryas to the Mughals, and the reasonating struggle for independence led by Mahatma Gandhi.

Today, India stands tall as the economic powerhouse, a hub of technology and innovation, while preserving its cultural heritage. The land of contrast ideally mixes ancient wisdom with modern progress. This blend offers an encouraging journey through time and traditions.

Talking about modern India, which is rapidly rising as an economic powerhouse with other industries such as information technology, pharmaceuticals, renewable energy, and more, is giving the country an edge. Furthermore, the prestige of the country´s prestigious space program has achieved remarkable feats like the Mars Orbiter Mission. 

The soft power of India resonates worldwide through its flourishing movies, music, literature, and cuisine. Moreover, major cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Bengaluru are cosmopolitan hubs driving innovation and entrepreneurship, paving a new and progressive path of development for a new and modern India.

Also Read:  World Heritage Day 2023: Theme, History, Significance

Sample Essay On My Country in 200 words

India, my beloved nation, is a captivating tapestry of history, culture, and diversity. Nestled in South Asia, it spans a vast landscape, from the towering Himalayas in the north to the sun-kissed beaches of the south. India’s essence lies in its unity in diversity, with a population that speaks hundreds of languages and practices various religions.

Historically, India has been the cradle of ancient civilizations, including the Indus Valley, Mauryan, Gupta, and Mughal empires. It was here that profound philosophies, such as Buddhism and Hinduism, were born. The struggle for independence, led by luminaries like Mahatma Gandhi, transformed India into a sovereign nation in 1947.

Today, India stands as the world’s largest democracy, a vibrant melting pot of traditions and modernity. It’s an economic powerhouse, driven by sectors like information technology, manufacturing, and agriculture. The iconic Taj Mahal, Jaipur’s royal palaces, and the spiritual city of Varanasi are just a glimpse of India’s architectural marvels.

India’s cultural diversity is equally enchanting. Classical dances like Bharatanatyam and Kathak, classical music with its mesmerizing ragas, and a variety of regional cuisines tempt the senses. Festivals like Diwali, Eid, and Holi add a riot of colours and celebrations to our lives.

India, with all its complexities, is a land that leaves an indelible mark on the heart of anyone who experiences its magic.

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10 Lines Essay on My Country

Find the short and simple Essay on My Country in 10 lines:

Also Read: Essay on Indian Culture in 500 Words

A. India, a diverse nation, boasts a rich history, culture, stunning landscapes, and a billion people from various backgrounds.

A. India’s uniqueness lies in its cultural diversity, ancient history, and being the world’s largest democracy, blending tradition with modernity.

A. “India is my country, a land of vibrant traditions and diverse cultures, where unity amidst diversity thrives.”

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My Duty towards my Country Essay

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The duties of any person of the country mean those responsibilities towards his/her all age group which they have towards their country. There is no special time to remind us to fulfill our responsibilities for the country, although it is the birth right of every Indian citizen to understand their duties towards the country and include them in their daily routine. .

Table of Contents

Short and Long Essay on My Duty towards my Country in English

Duties of a responsible citizen – essay 1 (300 words).

India is a religious, cultural and traditional country and is famous for unity in diversity. However, it needs more efforts of its citizens to clean for development, end corruption, social struggles, crimes against women, poverty, pollution, global warming etc. Instead of shouting and blaming the government, people should understand their duties towards the country. Everyone is personally responsible for the growth and development of the country. People should never forget the famous saying of Laon Tuz , “The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” . Everyone should be aware of their fundamental duties and follow them without ignoring them. Being good and responsible citizens of the country, everyone should perform their duties faithfully such as:

• People should follow all the rules and laws made by the government. They should respect the authorities and should not break any rules as well as inspire others to do the same.
• They should not tolerate any crime against themselves and should raise their voice against corruption. They should perform all their civic and social duties while protecting the society from negative influence.
• They should provide solutions to the needy people, vote wisely and pay all their taxes on time.
• They got RTI for the benefit of the society. and R.T.E. The help of such acts should be taken.
• Everyone should participate in cleanliness campaign to keep cleanliness around them. They should teach children to put waste items in the dustbin and take care of public goods.
• Those people who are capable should give up the subsidy of gas.
• Everyone should be honest and loyal to the country and fellow citizens. They should have a sense of respect for each other and also respect the social and economic policies made for the welfare of the country.
• People should involve their children in education and take care of their health and childhood. They should not force their children to do child labor and other crimes.
• People should try to make their country the best country in the world.

As a citizen my duty to the country – Essay 2 (400 words)

introduction

The duties of any person are those responsibilities which he has to fulfill personally. A citizen who lives in a society, community or country, has many duties and responsibilities for the country, society or community, which he has to perform properly. People should believe in goodness and should never neglect important duties towards the country.

As a citizen of the country, my duty to the country

Many years have passed since our country got freedom from British rule, which was achieved by the sacrifice and struggle of many great freedom fighters. He was a real follower of his duties towards the country who made the dream of independence a reality by sacrificing his priceless life along with millions of people. After the independence of India, rich people and politicians were only engaged in their own development and not in the development of the country. It is true that we have become free from British rule, however, greed, crime, corruption, irresponsibility, social issues, child labour, poverty, cruelty, terrorism, female feticide, gender inequality, dowry-death, mass Till today not free from rape and other illegal activities.

Merely making rules, laws, authorities, acts, campaigns or programs by the government is not enough, in reality all these should be strictly followed by every Indian citizen to be free from all illegal activities. Indian citizens should faithfully perform their duties towards the country along with eradication of poverty, gender inequality, child labour, atrocities against women and other social issues for the good of all. Indian citizens have the right to choose their political leader who can take the development of the country forward in the right direction. Therefore, they have no right to blame the bad people in their lives. They should keep their eyes open while voting for their political leader and choose a leader who is truly free from corrupt mindset and capable of leading the country.

It is necessary for the citizens of India to personally perform their duties for their country in order to be self-reliant in the real sense. These are very necessary for the development of the country which can be possible only when there are disciplined, punctual, dutiful and honest citizens in the country.

Duties of Various Posts of Indian Citizens – Essay 3 (500 words)

Duties of citizens towards the country

Following are the responsibilities for various posts of Indian citizens:

• Parents: Parents are the most responsible towards the country because they are the main source of giving a good and bad leader for the country. They are the primary basic school of the children, so they should be attentive at all times because they are responsible for nurturing the future of the country.

Due to some greedy parents (whether poor or rich), our country still exists social evils like poverty, gender inequality, child-labour, bad social and political leaders, female feticide and thereby the country’s The future sucks. All parents should understand their duties towards the country and must send their children (whether girl or boy) to school for proper education, along with taking care of the health, cleanliness and moral development of their children, They should be taught good habits, manners, and their duties towards the country.

• Teacher: Teachers are the second source in giving a good future to the country by making their students good and successful citizens. They should understand their duty towards their country and should never discriminate among their students (rich-poor, intelligent- average students). He should teach all his students equally to give good leader and bright future for the country.
• Doctor: The doctor is considered like a god to the patient as he/she gives them new life. High tech treatments are not available in the country due to some greedy doctors. Which is very expensive even for the poor even the middle class people of the country, so they are not able to mobilize them. Some government doctors do not perform their duties properly in hospitals and open their own private clinics. They should understand their responsibility to make available all the expensive treatments in the country at affordable prices to all the needy. They should not go abroad after higher education, however, by staying in their own country, they should work for the better development of the country.
• Engineer (Engineer): Engineers are very much responsible for the construction development work of the country. They should use their knowledge and professional skills techniques in the right direction in a positive way for the development of the country. They should not indulge in corruption and should be loyal to their duties.
• Politicians: The level of a country depends on the politicians of the country. A politician (who is neither greedy nor indulge in corruption) plays his various great roles in the development of the country whereas a corrupt politician can destroy the country. Therefore, a politician should understand his duties and perform his duties honestly towards the country.
• Police constables: Police are appointed at various places at city, state and national level to maintain security, peace and goodwill throughout the country. He is the hope of the people, so he should be loyal to his country and people.
• Businessman or Businessman: The main duty of a businessman towards his country is to provide maximum employment in the country, not abroad and increase the economic growth rate of his country as well as make efforts to eradicate poverty in the country. . They should not be involved in any kind of corruption and smuggling.
• Players: Players should have loyalty towards their game and country and should not indulge in any kind of corruption or match-fixing as they are the role models of the youth of the country.
• Common Citizen (Aam-Aadmi): Common man is responsible for the country in various ways. They should understand their sincere duties and choose a good leader to lead the country who can take the country in the right direction. They should keep their home as well as their surroundings clean and hygienic so that their family can be healthy, happy and disease free. They should be disciplined, punctual and duty-bound towards their profession.

What is my duty towards my country – Essay 4 (600 words)

A person carries many duties in his life towards himself, family, parents, children, wife, husband, neighbors, society, community and most importantly country. Duties of a person towards the country are very important to maintain its dignity, bright future and lead it towards well being.

I am an Indian citizen as I have been born here. Being a responsible citizen of the country, I keep many duties towards my country which all should be fulfilled. I should perform the duties of various aspects related to the development of my country.

what are the duties

Duties are those tasks or activities which everyone individually should do on daily basis for the betterment and greater development of the country. It is the responsibility of every Indian citizen to perform their duties faithfully and it is also a necessary demand for the country.

what is my duty to the country

A citizen of the country is one who not only himself but also his/her ancestors have spent almost the whole life in that country, therefore also have some duties for each nation. Let’s take the example of a house where different members live together, however, the head of each household follows all the rules and regulations made by the eldest member for the good and peaceful life of the household. In the same way, our country is also like our home in which people of different religions live together although they need to follow some rules and laws which the government has made for the development of the country. The objective of the citizens loyal to the duties of the country is to bring the country into the category of developing countries by removing all social issues, bringing real freedom in the country.

In government or private sector offices, the employees working on time should perform their duties with loyalty without wasting time because it is rightly said in this context that, “If we waste time, time will waste us.” will give.” Time does not wait for anyone, it runs continuously and we should learn from time. We should not stop until we reach our goal. The most important aim of our life is to make our country great in the real sense.

We should not be selfish and should understand our duties towards our country. It is only us, not anyone else, who can be benefited and exploited as well. Each of our activities affects us both positively and negatively (if we do positive actions we will be benefited and if we do negative things we will be exploited). Therefore, why not take a pledge today that in order to save ourselves from becoming exploited in our own country, from today onwards we will take every step in the right direction with positivity. It is we who have the right to choose the right leader for our country and rule over it. So why should we blame others and leaders, we should only blame ourselves and not others because it was us who did not perform our duties as demanded. We were engaged only in our own daily routine and were involved in the lives of others, extra-curricular activities, Didn’t care about the country’s political affairs, etc. It is our fault that our country is still in the category of developing countries and not in the category of developed countries.

This is a big problem and we should not take it lightly. We should not be greedy and selfish; We should allow ourselves and others to lead a healthy and peaceful life. The bright future of our country is in our own hands. There is still time to change ourselves, we can do better. Start living life with open eyes and fulfill your duties towards your country. We should make a fresh and good start by cleaning our heart, body, mind and the surrounding areas.

[/dk_lang] [dk_lang lang=”bn”]

দেশের যে কোনো ব্যক্তির কর্তব্য বলতে বোঝায় তার সকল বয়সের মানুষের প্রতি সেই দায়িত্ব যা তাদের দেশের প্রতি রয়েছে। দেশের প্রতি আমাদের দায়িত্ব পালন করার জন্য আমাদের স্মরণ করিয়ে দেওয়ার জন্য কোনও বিশেষ সময় নেই, যদিও দেশের প্রতি তাদের কর্তব্য বোঝা এবং তাদের দৈনন্দিন রুটিনে অন্তর্ভুক্ত করা প্রতিটি ভারতীয় নাগরিকের জন্মগত অধিকার।

বাংলায় আমার দেশের প্রতি আমার কর্তব্যের সংক্ষিপ্ত এবং দীর্ঘ প্রবন্ধ

একজন দায়িত্বশীল নাগরিকের কর্তব্য – প্রবন্ধ 1 (300 শব্দ).

ভারত একটি ধর্মীয়, সাংস্কৃতিক এবং ঐতিহ্যবাহী দেশ এবং বৈচিত্র্যের মধ্যে ঐক্যের জন্য বিখ্যাত। যাইহোক, উন্নয়ন, দুর্নীতি, সামাজিক সংগ্রাম, নারীর বিরুদ্ধে অপরাধ, দারিদ্র্য, দূষণ, গ্লোবাল ওয়ার্মিং ইত্যাদির অবসান ঘটাতে এর নাগরিকদের আরও বেশি প্রচেষ্টা প্রয়োজন। সরকারকে দোষারোপ না করে দেশের প্রতি জনগণের কর্তব্য বোঝা উচিত। দেশের প্রবৃদ্ধি ও উন্নয়নের জন্য প্রত্যেকেই ব্যক্তিগতভাবে দায়ী। লাওন তুজের সেই বিখ্যাত উক্তিটি মানুষের কখনোই ভুলে যাওয়া উচিত নয় , “হাজার মাইলের যাত্রা শুরু হয় একটি ধাপ দিয়ে” । প্রত্যেকেরই উচিত তাদের মৌলিক কর্তব্য সম্পর্কে সচেতন হওয়া এবং সেগুলিকে উপেক্ষা না করে অনুসরণ করা। দেশের ভালো ও দায়িত্বশীল নাগরিক হিসেবে প্রত্যেকেরই কর্তব্য বিশ্বস্ততার সঙ্গে পালন করা উচিত যেমন:

• জনগণকে সরকারের প্রণীত সকল নিয়ম-কানুন মেনে চলতে হবে। তাদের কর্তৃপক্ষকে সম্মান করা উচিত এবং কোনো নিয়ম ভঙ্গ করা উচিত নয় পাশাপাশি অন্যদেরও একই কাজ করতে অনুপ্রাণিত করা উচিত।
• তাদের নিজেদের বিরুদ্ধে কোনো অপরাধ প্রশ্রয় দেওয়া উচিত নয় এবং দুর্নীতির বিরুদ্ধে তাদের আওয়াজ তুলতে হবে। সমাজকে নেতিবাচক প্রভাব থেকে রক্ষা করে তাদের সকল নাগরিক ও সামাজিক দায়িত্ব পালন করা উচিত।
• তাদের উচিত অভাবী লোকদের সমাধান দেওয়া, বিজ্ঞতার সাথে ভোট দেওয়া এবং সময়মতো তাদের সমস্ত কর পরিশোধ করা।
• সমাজের স্বার্থে তারা আরটিআই পেয়েছে। এবং R.T.E. এ ধরনের কাজের সাহায্য নিতে হবে।
• নিজেদের চারপাশ পরিষ্কার রাখতে সবাইকে পরিচ্ছন্নতা অভিযানে অংশ নিতে হবে। তাদের উচিত শিশুদের বর্জ্য জিনিসপত্র ডাস্টবিনে রাখতে এবং সরকারি জিনিসপত্রের যত্ন নিতে শেখানো।
• যারা সক্ষম তাদের উচিত গ্যাসের ভর্তুকি ছেড়ে দেওয়া।
• সবাইকে সৎ ও দেশ ও দেশবাসীর প্রতি অনুগত হতে হবে। তাদের একে অপরের প্রতি শ্রদ্ধাবোধ থাকতে হবে এবং দেশের কল্যাণে প্রণীত সামাজিক ও অর্থনৈতিক নীতিকেও সম্মান করতে হবে।
• মানুষের উচিত তাদের সন্তানদের শিক্ষায় সম্পৃক্ত করা এবং তাদের স্বাস্থ্য ও শৈশবের যত্ন নেওয়া। তারা যেন তাদের সন্তানদের শিশুশ্রম ও অন্যান্য অপরাধ করতে বাধ্য না করে।
• মানুষের উচিত তাদের দেশকে বিশ্বের সেরা দেশ হিসেবে গড়ে তোলার চেষ্টা করা।

একজন নাগরিক হিসেবে দেশের প্রতি আমার কর্তব্য – রচনা 2 (400 শব্দ)

যে কোনো ব্যক্তির কর্তব্য হলো সেই দায়িত্ব যা তাকে ব্যক্তিগতভাবে পালন করতে হয়। যে নাগরিক একটি সমাজ, সম্প্রদায় বা দেশে বসবাস করেন, সেই দেশ, সমাজ বা সম্প্রদায়ের প্রতি তার অনেক কর্তব্য ও দায়িত্ব থাকে, যা তাকে যথাযথভাবে পালন করতে হয়। জনগণের ভালোতে বিশ্বাস করা উচিত এবং দেশের প্রতি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ দায়িত্বকে কখনই অবহেলা করা উচিত নয়।

দেশের নাগরিক হিসেবে দেশের প্রতি আমার কর্তব্য

বহু বছর পেরিয়ে গেছে আমাদের দেশ ব্রিটিশ শাসন থেকে স্বাধীনতা লাভ করেছে, যা অর্জিত হয়েছিল অনেক মহান মুক্তিযোদ্ধার আত্মত্যাগ ও সংগ্রামে। তিনি ছিলেন দেশের প্রতি কর্তব্যের একজন প্রকৃত অনুসারী যিনি লাখো মানুষের সাথে অমূল্য জীবন উৎসর্গ করে স্বাধীনতার স্বপ্নকে বাস্তবে রূপ দিয়েছেন। ভারতের স্বাধীনতার পর ধনী ব্যক্তিরা এবং রাজনীতিবিদরা শুধুমাত্র নিজেদের উন্নয়নে নিয়োজিত ছিলেন, দেশের উন্নয়নে নয়। এটা সত্য যে আমরা ব্রিটিশ শাসন থেকে মুক্ত হয়েছি, তবে লোভ, অপরাধ, দুর্নীতি, দায়িত্বহীনতা, সামাজিক সমস্যা, শিশুশ্রম, দারিদ্র, নিষ্ঠুরতা, সন্ত্রাস, নারী ভ্রূণ হত্যা, লিঙ্গ বৈষম্য, যৌতুক-মৃত্যু, গণহত্যা থেকে আজও মুক্ত হতে পারিনি। ধর্ষণ এবং অন্যান্য অবৈধ কার্যকলাপ।

শুধুমাত্র সরকার কর্তৃক নিয়ম, আইন, কর্তৃপক্ষ, আইন, প্রচার বা কর্মসূচি প্রণয়ন করাই যথেষ্ট নয়, বাস্তবে এগুলি সমস্ত ভারতীয় নাগরিককে সমস্ত বেআইনি কার্যকলাপ থেকে মুক্ত থাকতে কঠোরভাবে অনুসরণ করা উচিত। ভারতীয় নাগরিকদের বিশ্বস্ততার সাথে দেশের প্রতি তাদের দায়িত্ব পালন করা উচিত দারিদ্র্য, লিঙ্গ বৈষম্য, শিশু শ্রম, নারীর প্রতি নৃশংসতা এবং অন্যান্য সামাজিক সমস্যা দূর করার জন্য। ভারতীয় নাগরিকদের তাদের রাজনৈতিক নেতা বেছে নেওয়ার অধিকার রয়েছে যিনি দেশের উন্নয়নকে সঠিক পথে এগিয়ে নিয়ে যেতে পারেন। অতএব, তাদের জীবনে খারাপ লোকদের দোষারোপ করার অধিকার নেই। তাদের রাজনৈতিক নেতাকে ভোট দেওয়ার সময় তাদের চোখ খোলা রাখা উচিত এবং এমন একজন নেতাকে বেছে নেওয়া উচিত যিনি সত্যিকারের দুর্নীতিমুক্ত এবং দেশকে নেতৃত্ব দিতে সক্ষম।

প্রকৃত অর্থে স্বনির্ভর হওয়ার জন্য ভারতের নাগরিকদের ব্যক্তিগতভাবে তাদের দেশের জন্য তাদের দায়িত্ব পালন করা প্রয়োজন। দেশের উন্নয়নের জন্য এগুলো খুবই প্রয়োজন যা তখনই সম্ভব যখন দেশে সুশৃঙ্খল, সময়ানুবর্তী, কর্তব্যপরায়ণ ও সৎ নাগরিক থাকবে।

ভারতীয় নাগরিকদের বিভিন্ন পদের দায়িত্ব – প্রবন্ধ 3 (500 শব্দ)

দেশের প্রতি নাগরিকদের কর্তব্য

ভারতীয় নাগরিকদের বিভিন্ন পদের জন্য নিম্নলিখিত দায়িত্বগুলি রয়েছে:

• পিতামাতা: পিতামাতারা দেশের প্রতি সবচেয়ে বেশি দায়িত্বশীল কারণ তারা দেশের জন্য একজন ভাল এবং খারাপ নেতা দেওয়ার মূল উত্স। তারা শিশুদের প্রাথমিক প্রাথমিক বিদ্যালয়, তাই তাদের সর্বদা মনোযোগী হওয়া উচিত কারণ তারা দেশের ভবিষ্যত লালন করার জন্য দায়ী।

কিছু লোভী পিতা-মাতার (দরিদ্র হোক বা ধনী হোক) কারণে আমাদের দেশে এখনও দারিদ্র্য, লিঙ্গ বৈষম্য, শিশু-শ্রম, খারাপ সামাজিক ও রাজনৈতিক নেতা, কন্যা ভ্রূণ হত্যার মতো সামাজিক কুফল রয়েছে এবং এর ফলে দেশের ভবিষ্যত বিপন্ন। সকল অভিভাবকদের দেশের প্রতি তাদের কর্তব্য বোঝা উচিত এবং তাদের সন্তানদের (মেয়ে হোক বা ছেলে) যথাযথ শিক্ষার জন্য স্কুলে পাঠাতে হবে, পাশাপাশি তাদের সন্তানদের স্বাস্থ্য, পরিচ্ছন্নতা ও নৈতিক বিকাশের যত্ন নেওয়া উচিত, তাদের ভাল অভ্যাস, শিষ্টাচার শেখানো উচিত। এবং দেশের প্রতি তাদের কর্তব্য।

• শিক্ষক: শিক্ষকরা তাদের ছাত্রদের ভালো ও সফল নাগরিক হিসেবে গড়ে তোলার মাধ্যমে দেশের সুন্দর ভবিষ্যৎ উপহার দেওয়ার দ্বিতীয় উৎস। তাদের দেশের প্রতি তাদের কর্তব্য বোঝা উচিত এবং তাদের শিক্ষার্থীদের (ধনী-দরিদ্র, বুদ্ধিমান-গড় শিক্ষার্থী) মধ্যে বৈষম্য করা উচিত নয়। দেশের জন্য ভালো নেতা ও উজ্জ্বল ভবিষ্যৎ দিতে তার সকল ছাত্র-ছাত্রীকে সমানভাবে শিক্ষা দিতে হবে।
• ডাক্তার: ডাক্তারকে রোগীর কাছে ঈশ্বরের মতো মনে করা হয় কারণ তিনি তাদের নতুন জীবন দেন। কিছু লোভী চিকিৎসকের কারণে দেশে উচ্চ প্রযুক্তির চিকিৎসা পাওয়া যাচ্ছে না। যা দেশের গরিব এমনকি মধ্যবিত্তের জন্যও অত্যন্ত ব্যয়বহুল, তাই তারা সংগ্রহ করতে পারছেন না। কিছু সরকারি চিকিৎসক হাসপাতালে তাদের দায়িত্ব যথাযথভাবে পালন না করে নিজেদের প্রাইভেট ক্লিনিক খুলেছেন। দেশের সকল ব্যয়বহুল চিকিৎসা সাশ্রয়ী মূল্যে সকল অভাবী মানুষের কাছে পৌঁছে দেওয়ার দায়িত্ব তাদের বোঝা উচিত। উচ্চশিক্ষার পর বিদেশে না গেলেও নিজ দেশে থেকে দেশের উন্নয়নে কাজ করা উচিত।
• প্রকৌশলী (প্রকৌশলী): দেশের নির্মাণ উন্নয়ন কাজের জন্য প্রকৌশলীরা অনেক বেশি দায়িত্বশীল। তাদের উচিত তাদের জ্ঞান ও পেশাগত দক্ষতা কৌশল সঠিক পথে দেশের উন্নয়নে ইতিবাচক উপায়ে ব্যবহার করা। তাদের দুর্নীতিতে লিপ্ত হওয়া উচিত নয় এবং তাদের কর্তব্যের প্রতি অনুগত হওয়া উচিত।
• রাজনীতিবিদ: একটি দেশের স্তর দেশের রাজনীতিবিদদের উপর নির্ভর করে। একজন রাজনীতিবিদ (যিনি লোভী নন বা দুর্নীতিতে লিপ্ত নন) দেশের উন্নয়নে তার বিভিন্ন মহান ভূমিকা পালন করেন যেখানে একজন দুর্নীতিবাজ রাজনীতিবিদ দেশকে ধ্বংস করতে পারে। তাই একজন রাজনীতিকের উচিত তার দায়িত্ব বুঝে দেশের প্রতি সততার সাথে দায়িত্ব পালন করা।
• পুলিশ কনস্টেবল: সারা দেশে নিরাপত্তা, শান্তি ও সৌহার্দ্য বজায় রাখার জন্য শহর, রাজ্য এবং জাতীয় পর্যায়ে বিভিন্ন জায়গায় পুলিশ নিয়োগ করা হয়। তিনি জনগণের আশা, তাই তার দেশ ও জনগণের প্রতি অনুগত থাকা উচিত।
• ব্যবসায়ী বা ব্যবসায়ী: একজন ব্যবসায়ীর নিজ দেশের প্রতি প্রধান কর্তব্য বিদেশে নয়, দেশেই সর্বোচ্চ কর্মসংস্থানের ব্যবস্থা করা এবং তার দেশের অর্থনৈতিক প্রবৃদ্ধির হার বৃদ্ধির পাশাপাশি দেশের দারিদ্র্য দূরীকরণের প্রচেষ্টা চালানো। তারা যেন কোনো ধরনের দুর্নীতি ও চোরাচালানের সঙ্গে জড়িত না হয়।
• খেলোয়াড়: খেলোয়াড়দের তাদের খেলা এবং দেশের প্রতি আনুগত্য থাকতে হবে এবং কোনো ধরনের দুর্নীতি বা ম্যাচ ফিক্সিংয়ের সাথে জড়িত হওয়া উচিত নয় কারণ তারা দেশের তরুণদের রোল মডেল।
• সাধারণ নাগরিক (আম-আদমি): সাধারণ মানুষ বিভিন্ন উপায়ে দেশের জন্য দায়ী। তাদের উচিত তাদের আন্তরিক দায়িত্ব বুঝে দেশকে নেতৃত্ব দেওয়ার জন্য একজন ভালো নেতা নির্বাচন করা যে দেশকে সঠিক পথে নিয়ে যেতে পারে। তাদের উচিত তাদের ঘরের পাশাপাশি তাদের চারপাশ পরিষ্কার এবং স্বাস্থ্যকর রাখা যাতে তাদের পরিবার সুস্থ, সুখী এবং রোগমুক্ত থাকে। তাদের শৃঙ্খলাবদ্ধ, সময়নিষ্ঠ এবং তাদের পেশার প্রতি কর্তব্যনিষ্ঠ হতে হবে।

আমার দেশের প্রতি আমার কর্তব্য কি – প্রবন্ধ 4 (600 শব্দ)

একজন ব্যক্তি তার জীবনে নিজের, পরিবার, পিতামাতা, সন্তান, স্ত্রী, স্বামী, প্রতিবেশী, সমাজ, সম্প্রদায় এবং সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণভাবে দেশের প্রতি অনেক দায়িত্ব বহন করে। দেশের মর্যাদা, উজ্জ্বল ভবিষ্যত বজায় রাখতে এবং কল্যাণের দিকে নিয়ে যাওয়ার জন্য দেশের প্রতি ব্যক্তির কর্তব্য অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।

আমি একজন ভারতীয় নাগরিক কারণ আমি এখানে জন্মেছি। দেশের একজন দায়িত্বশীল নাগরিক হিসেবে আমি আমার দেশের প্রতি অনেক দায়িত্ব পালন করি যা অবশ্যই পালন করা উচিত। আমার দেশের উন্নয়নের সাথে সম্পর্কিত বিভিন্ন দিকের দায়িত্ব পালন করা উচিত।

কর্তব্য হল সেই সমস্ত কাজ বা কার্যক্রম যা প্রত্যেকেরই দৈনিক ভিত্তিতে দেশের উন্নতি ও বৃহত্তর উন্নয়নের জন্য করা উচিত। প্রত্যেক ভারতীয় নাগরিকের দায়িত্ব বিশ্বস্ততার সাথে পালন করা এবং এটি দেশের জন্য প্রয়োজনীয় দাবিও বটে।

দেশের প্রতি আমার কর্তব্য কি?

দেশের নাগরিক সেই ব্যক্তি যিনি শুধু নিজে নন, তার পূর্বপুরুষরাও সেই দেশে প্রায় পুরো জীবন কাটিয়েছেন, তাই প্রতিটি জাতির জন্যও কিছু কর্তব্য রয়েছে। একটি বাড়ির উদাহরণ নেওয়া যাক যেখানে বিভিন্ন সদস্য একসাথে থাকে, তবে, প্রতিটি পরিবারের প্রধান বাড়ির ভাল এবং শান্তিপূর্ণ জীবনের জন্য বড় সদস্যের দ্বারা তৈরি সমস্ত নিয়ম-কানুন মেনে চলে। একইভাবে, আমাদের দেশটিও আমাদের বাড়ির মতো যেখানে বিভিন্ন ধর্মের লোকেরা একসাথে বসবাস করে যদিও তাদের কিছু নিয়ম-কানুন মেনে চলতে হয় যা সরকার দেশের উন্নয়নের জন্য করেছে। দেশের কর্তব্যের প্রতি অনুগত নাগরিকদের উদ্দেশ্য হচ্ছে সকল সামাজিক সমস্যা দূর করে দেশকে উন্নয়নশীল দেশের তালিকায় নিয়ে আসা, দেশে প্রকৃত স্বাধীনতা আনা।

সরকারী বা বেসরকারী সেক্টর অফিসে, সময়মত কর্মরত কর্মচারীদের সময় নষ্ট না করে আনুগত্যের সাথে তাদের দায়িত্ব পালন করা উচিত কারণ এই প্রসঙ্গে যথার্থই বলা হয়েছে যে, “যদি আমরা সময় নষ্ট করি তবে সময় আমাদের নষ্ট করবে।” সময় কারো জন্য অপেক্ষা করে না, এটি অবিরাম চলতে থাকে এবং আমাদের সময় থেকে শিক্ষা নেওয়া উচিত। আমাদের লক্ষ্যে না পৌঁছানো পর্যন্ত আমাদের থামানো উচিত নয়। আমাদের জীবনের সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ লক্ষ্য হল আমাদের দেশকে প্রকৃত অর্থে মহান করা।

আমাদের স্বার্থপর হওয়া উচিত নয় এবং আমাদের দেশের প্রতি আমাদের কর্তব্য বোঝা উচিত। এটি শুধুমাত্র আমরাই, অন্য কেউ নয়, যারা উপকৃত এবং শোষিত হতে পারে। আমাদের প্রতিটি কাজ ইতিবাচক এবং নেতিবাচক উভয়ভাবেই আমাদের প্রভাবিত করে (যদি আমরা ইতিবাচক কাজ করি তবে আমরা উপকৃত হব এবং যদি আমরা নেতিবাচক কাজ করি তবে আমরা শোষিত হব)। অতএব, আজকে কেন প্রতিজ্ঞা নিই না যে, নিজেদের দেশে শোষিত হওয়া থেকে বাঁচতে, আজ থেকে আমরা ইতিবাচকতার সঙ্গে সঠিক পথে প্রতিটি পদক্ষেপ নেব। আমাদের দেশের জন্য সঠিক নেতা নির্বাচন করার এবং শাসন করার অধিকার আমাদের রয়েছে। তাহলে কেন আমরা অন্যদের এবং নেতাদের দোষারোপ করব, আমাদের কেবল নিজেদেরকেই দোষারোপ করা উচিত, অন্যকে নয় কারণ আমরাই আমাদের দাবি অনুযায়ী দায়িত্ব পালন করিনি। আমরা কেবল আমাদের নিজস্ব দৈনন্দিন রুটিনে নিযুক্ত ছিলাম এবং অন্যের জীবন, পাঠ্যক্রম বহির্ভূত কার্যকলাপে জড়িত ছিলাম, দেশের রাজনৈতিক বিষয় ইত্যাদিকে পাত্তা দেননি। এটা আমাদের দোষ যে আমাদের দেশ এখনও উন্নয়নশীল দেশের ক্যাটাগরিতে আছে, উন্নত দেশের ক্যাটাগরিতে নেই।

এটি একটি বড় সমস্যা এবং আমাদের এটিকে হালকাভাবে নেওয়া উচিত নয়। আমাদের লোভী ও স্বার্থপর হওয়া উচিত নয়; আমাদের নিজেদেরকে এবং অন্যদেরকে সুস্থ ও শান্তিপূর্ণ জীবনযাপন করতে দেওয়া উচিত। আমাদের দেশের উজ্জ্বল ভবিষ্যৎ আমাদের নিজেদের হাতে। এখনো সময় আছে নিজেদের বদলানোর, আমরা আরও ভালো করতে পারি। খোলা চোখে জীবনযাপন শুরু করুন এবং আপনার দেশের প্রতি আপনার দায়িত্ব পালন করুন। আমাদের হৃদয়, শরীর, মন এবং আশেপাশের সমস্ত জায়গা পরিষ্কার করে একটি নতুন এবং ভাল শুরু করা উচিত।

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દેશના કોઈપણ વ્યક્તિની ફરજોનો અર્થ તેના/તેણીના તમામ વય જૂથ પ્રત્યેની તે જવાબદારીઓ છે જે તેઓ તેમના દેશ પ્રત્યે ધરાવે છે. દેશ પ્રત્યેની આપણી જવાબદારીઓ નિભાવવાની યાદ અપાવવા માટે કોઈ ખાસ સમય નથી, જો કે દેશ પ્રત્યેની તેમની ફરજોને સમજવી અને તેને તેમની દિનચર્યામાં સામેલ કરવી એ દરેક ભારતીય નાગરિકનો જન્મસિદ્ધ અધિકાર છે.

ગુજરાતીમાં મારી દેશ પ્રત્યેની મારી ફરજ પર ટૂંકો અને લાંબો નિબંધ

જવાબદાર નાગરિકની ફરજો – નિબંધ 1 (300 શબ્દો).

ભારત એક ધાર્મિક, સાંસ્કૃતિક અને પરંપરાગત દેશ છે અને વિવિધતામાં એકતા માટે પ્રખ્યાત છે. જો કે, તેને વિકાસ માટે સ્વચ્છતા, ભ્રષ્ટાચાર, સામાજિક સંઘર્ષો, મહિલાઓ સામેના ગુનાઓ, ગરીબી, પ્રદૂષણ, ગ્લોબલ વોર્મિંગ વગેરેનો અંત લાવવા તેના નાગરિકોના વધુ પ્રયત્નોની જરૂર છે. બૂમો પાડવા અને સરકાર પર દોષારોપણ કરવાને બદલે લોકોએ દેશ પ્રત્યેની તેમની ફરજો સમજવી જોઈએ. દેશના વિકાસ અને વિકાસ માટે દરેક વ્યક્તિ વ્યક્તિગત રીતે જવાબદાર છે. લોકોએ લાઓન તુઝની પ્રખ્યાત કહેવતને ક્યારેય ભૂલવી ન જોઈએ , “હજાર માઈલની સફર એક પગથિયાંથી શરૂ થાય છે” . દરેક વ્યક્તિએ તેમની મૂળભૂત ફરજો પ્રત્યે જાગૃત રહેવું જોઈએ અને તેમને અવગણ્યા વિના તેનું પાલન કરવું જોઈએ. દેશના સારા અને જવાબદાર નાગરિક હોવાને કારણે, દરેક વ્યક્તિએ તેમની ફરજો નિષ્ઠાપૂર્વક નિભાવવી જોઈએ જેમ કે:

• લોકોએ સરકાર દ્વારા બનાવેલા તમામ નિયમો અને કાયદાઓનું પાલન કરવું જોઈએ. તેઓએ અધિકારીઓનું સન્માન કરવું જોઈએ અને કોઈપણ નિયમોનો ભંગ ન કરવો જોઈએ તેમજ અન્ય લોકોને પણ તે કરવા માટે પ્રેરણા આપવી જોઈએ.
• તેઓએ પોતાની સામે કોઈ ગુનો સહન ન કરવો જોઈએ અને ભ્રષ્ટાચાર સામે અવાજ ઉઠાવવો જોઈએ. સમાજને નકારાત્મક પ્રભાવથી બચાવીને તેઓએ તેમની તમામ નાગરિક અને સામાજિક ફરજો નિભાવવી જોઈએ.
• તેઓએ જરૂરિયાતમંદ લોકોને ઉકેલ આપવો જોઈએ, સમજદારીપૂર્વક મત આપવો જોઈએ અને સમયસર તેમના તમામ કર ચૂકવવા જોઈએ.
• તેઓએ સમાજના હિત માટે આર.ટી.આઈ. અને R.T.E. આવા કૃત્યોની મદદ લેવી જોઈએ.
• દરેક વ્યક્તિએ પોતાની આસપાસ સ્વચ્છતા રાખવા સ્વચ્છતા અભિયાનમાં સહભાગી થવું જોઈએ. તેઓએ બાળકોને કચરાપેટીમાં નકામા વસ્તુઓ નાખવા અને જાહેર સામાનની કાળજી લેવાનું શીખવવું જોઈએ.
• જે લોકો સક્ષમ છે તેમણે ગેસની સબસિડી છોડી દેવી જોઈએ.
• દરેક વ્યક્તિએ દેશ અને સાથી નાગરિકો પ્રત્યે પ્રમાણિક અને વફાદાર રહેવું જોઈએ. તેઓમાં એકબીજા પ્રત્યે આદરની ભાવના હોવી જોઈએ અને દેશના કલ્યાણ માટે બનાવવામાં આવેલી સામાજિક અને આર્થિક નીતિઓનું પણ સન્માન કરવું જોઈએ.
• લોકોએ તેમના બાળકોને શિક્ષણમાં સામેલ કરવા જોઈએ અને તેમના સ્વાસ્થ્ય અને બાળપણની કાળજી લેવી જોઈએ. તેઓએ તેમના બાળકોને બાળ મજૂરી અને અન્ય ગુનાઓ કરવા દબાણ ન કરવું જોઈએ.
• લોકોએ પોતાના દેશને વિશ્વનો શ્રેષ્ઠ દેશ બનાવવાનો પ્રયાસ કરવો જોઈએ.

એક નાગરિક તરીકે દેશ પ્રત્યેની મારી ફરજ – નિબંધ 2 (400 શબ્દો)

કોઈપણ વ્યક્તિની ફરજો એ જવાબદારીઓ છે જે તેણે વ્યક્તિગત રીતે નિભાવવાની હોય છે. જે નાગરિક સમાજ, સમુદાય કે દેશમાં રહે છે, તેના દેશ, સમાજ કે સમુદાય પ્રત્યે ઘણી બધી ફરજો અને જવાબદારીઓ હોય છે, જે તેણે યોગ્ય રીતે નિભાવવાની હોય છે. લોકોએ ભલાઈમાં વિશ્વાસ રાખવો જોઈએ અને દેશ પ્રત્યેની મહત્વપૂર્ણ ફરજોની ક્યારેય અવગણના ન કરવી જોઈએ.

દેશના નાગરિક તરીકે દેશ પ્રત્યેની મારી ફરજ છે

આપણા દેશને બ્રિટિશ શાસનમાંથી આઝાદી મળ્યાને ઘણા વર્ષો વીતી ગયા છે, જે ઘણા મહાન સ્વાતંત્ર્ય સેનાનીઓના બલિદાન અને સંઘર્ષથી પ્રાપ્ત થઈ હતી. તેઓ દેશ પ્રત્યેના તેમના કર્તવ્યના સાચા અનુયાયી હતા જેમણે લાખો લોકો સાથે પોતાના અમૂલ્ય જીવનનું બલિદાન આપીને આઝાદીના સ્વપ્નને સાકાર કર્યું હતું. ભારતની આઝાદી પછી શ્રીમંત લોકો અને રાજનેતાઓ માત્ર પોતાના વિકાસમાં વ્યસ્ત હતા દેશના વિકાસમાં નહીં. એ વાત સાચી છે કે આપણે બ્રિટિશ શાસનમાંથી મુક્ત થયા છીએ, જો કે, લોભ, ગુના, ભ્રષ્ટાચાર, બેજવાબદારી, સામાજિક પ્રશ્નો, બાળ મજૂરી, ગરીબી, ક્રૂરતા, આતંકવાદ, સ્ત્રી ભ્રૂણ હત્યા, જાતિય અસમાનતા, દહેજ-મરણ, સામૂહિકતાથી આજે પણ મુક્ત નથી. બળાત્કાર અને અન્ય ગેરકાયદેસર પ્રવૃત્તિઓ.

સરકાર દ્વારા માત્ર નિયમો, કાયદાઓ, સત્તાધિશો, અધિનિયમો, ઝુંબેશ કે કાર્યક્રમો બનાવવા પૂરતા નથી, વાસ્તવમાં દરેક ભારતીય નાગરિકે તમામ ગેરકાયદેસર પ્રવૃત્તિઓથી મુક્ત થવા માટે આ બધાનું ચુસ્તપણે પાલન કરવું જોઈએ. ભારતીય નાગરિકોએ સૌના ભલા માટે ગરીબી, લિંગ અસમાનતા, બાળ મજૂરી, મહિલાઓ પર અત્યાચાર અને અન્ય સામાજિક મુદ્દાઓ નાબૂદી સાથે દેશ પ્રત્યેની તેમની ફરજો નિષ્ઠાપૂર્વક નિભાવવી જોઈએ. ભારતીય નાગરિકોને તેમનો રાજકીય નેતા પસંદ કરવાનો અધિકાર છે જે દેશના વિકાસને સાચી દિશામાં આગળ લઈ જઈ શકે. તેથી, તેઓને તેમના જીવનમાં ખરાબ લોકો પર દોષારોપણ કરવાનો કોઈ અધિકાર નથી. તેઓએ પોતાના રાજકીય નેતાને મત આપતી વખતે આંખો ખુલ્લી રાખવી જોઈએ અને એવા નેતાને પસંદ કરવો જોઈએ જે ખરેખર ભ્રષ્ટ માનસિકતાથી મુક્ત હોય અને દેશનું નેતૃત્વ કરવા સક્ષમ હોય.

ભારતના નાગરિકોએ સાચા અર્થમાં આત્મનિર્ભર બનવા માટે વ્યક્તિગત રીતે તેમના દેશ માટે તેમની ફરજો નિભાવવી જરૂરી છે. દેશના વિકાસ માટે આ ખૂબ જ જરૂરી છે જે ત્યારે જ શક્ય બને જ્યારે દેશમાં શિસ્તબદ્ધ, સમયના પાબંદ, કર્તવ્યનિષ્ઠ અને પ્રામાણિક નાગરિકો હોય.

ભારતીય નાગરિકોની વિવિધ પોસ્ટની ફરજો – નિબંધ 3 (500 શબ્દો)

દેશ પ્રત્યે નાગરિકોની ફરજો

ભારતીય નાગરિકોની વિવિધ જગ્યાઓ માટે નીચેની જવાબદારીઓ છે:

• માતાપિતા: માતા-પિતા દેશ પ્રત્યે સૌથી વધુ જવાબદાર છે કારણ કે તેઓ દેશ માટે સારા અને ખરાબ નેતા આપવાનો મુખ્ય સ્ત્રોત છે. તેઓ બાળકોની પ્રાથમિક પાયાની શાળા છે, તેથી તેઓએ દરેક સમયે સચેત રહેવું જોઈએ કારણ કે તેઓ દેશના ભવિષ્યના ઉછેર માટે જવાબદાર છે.

કેટલાક લોભી માતા-પિતા (ગરીબ હોય કે અમીર)ના કારણે આપણા દેશમાં હજુ પણ ગરીબી, લિંગ અસમાનતા, બાળ મજૂરી, ખરાબ સામાજિક અને રાજકીય નેતાઓ, સ્ત્રી ભ્રૂણહત્યા જેવી સામાજિક દૂષણો અસ્તિત્વમાં છે અને તેના કારણે દેશનું ભવિષ્ય અંધકારમય છે. તમામ માતા-પિતાએ દેશ પ્રત્યેની તેમની ફરજો સમજવી જોઈએ અને તેમના બાળકોને (છોકરી હોય કે છોકરો) યોગ્ય શિક્ષણ માટે શાળાએ મોકલવા જોઈએ, સાથે તેમના બાળકોના સ્વાસ્થ્ય, સ્વચ્છતા અને નૈતિક વિકાસની કાળજી લેવી જોઈએ, તેમને સારી આદતો, રીતભાત શીખવવી જોઈએ. , અને દેશ પ્રત્યેની તેમની ફરજો.

• શિક્ષક: શિક્ષકો તેમના વિદ્યાર્થીઓને સારા અને સફળ નાગરિક બનાવીને દેશને સારું ભવિષ્ય આપવાનો બીજો સ્ત્રોત છે. તેઓએ તેમના દેશ પ્રત્યેની તેમની ફરજ સમજવી જોઈએ અને તેમના વિદ્યાર્થીઓ (અમીર-ગરીબ, બુદ્ધિશાળી-સરેરાશ વિદ્યાર્થીઓ) વચ્ચે ક્યારેય ભેદભાવ ન કરવો જોઈએ. તેણે દેશને સારો નેતા અને ઉજ્જવળ ભવિષ્ય આપવા માટે તેના તમામ વિદ્યાર્થીઓને સમાન રીતે શીખવવું જોઈએ.
• ડૉક્ટર: ડૉક્ટરને દર્દી માટે ભગવાન સમાન માનવામાં આવે છે કારણ કે તે દર્દીને નવું જીવન આપે છે. કેટલાક લોભી ડોકટરોને કારણે દેશમાં હાઈટેક સારવાર ઉપલબ્ધ નથી. જે દેશના ગરીબો અને મધ્યમ વર્ગના લોકો માટે પણ ખૂબ ખર્ચાળ છે, તેથી તેઓ તેને એકત્રિત કરી શકતા નથી. કેટલાક સરકારી ડોકટરો હોસ્પિટલોમાં તેમની ફરજ યોગ્ય રીતે નિભાવતા નથી અને પોતાના ખાનગી દવાખાના ખોલે છે. તેમણે તેમની જવાબદારી સમજવી જોઈએ કે દેશમાં તમામ મોંઘી સારવાર તમામ જરૂરિયાતમંદોને પોષણક્ષમ ભાવે ઉપલબ્ધ કરાવવામાં આવે. તેઓએ ઉચ્ચ શિક્ષણ પછી વિદેશ ન જવું જોઈએ, જો કે, પોતાના દેશમાં રહીને તેઓએ દેશના સારા વિકાસ માટે કામ કરવું જોઈએ.
• એન્જિનિયર (એન્જિનિયર): દેશના બાંધકામ વિકાસ કાર્ય માટે એન્જિનિયરો ખૂબ જ જવાબદાર છે. તેઓએ તેમના જ્ઞાન અને વ્યાવસાયિક કૌશલ્યની ટેકનિકનો યોગ્ય દિશામાં સકારાત્મક રીતે દેશના વિકાસ માટે ઉપયોગ કરવો જોઈએ. તેઓએ ભ્રષ્ટાચાર ન કરવો જોઈએ અને તેમની ફરજો પ્રત્યે વફાદાર રહેવું જોઈએ.
• રાજકારણીઓ: દેશનું સ્તર દેશના રાજકારણીઓ પર આધારિત છે. એક રાજકારણી (જે ન તો લોભી છે કે ન તો ભ્રષ્ટાચારમાં લિપ્ત છે) દેશના વિકાસમાં તેની વિવિધ મહાન ભૂમિકાઓ ભજવે છે જ્યારે ભ્રષ્ટ રાજકારણી દેશનો નાશ કરી શકે છે. તેથી, રાજકારણીએ પોતાની ફરજો સમજીને દેશ પ્રત્યેની પોતાની ફરજો ઈમાનદારીથી નિભાવવી જોઈએ.
• પોલીસ કોન્સ્ટેબલઃ સમગ્ર દેશમાં સુરક્ષા, શાંતિ અને સદ્ભાવના જાળવવા માટે શહેર, રાજ્ય અને રાષ્ટ્રીય સ્તરે વિવિધ સ્થળોએ પોલીસની નિમણૂક કરવામાં આવે છે. તે લોકોની આશા છે, તેથી તેણે પોતાના દેશ અને લોકો પ્રત્યે વફાદાર રહેવું જોઈએ.
• ઉદ્યોગપતિ અથવા ઉદ્યોગપતિઃ પોતાના દેશ પ્રત્યેના વેપારીનું મુખ્ય કર્તવ્ય એ છે કે તે વિદેશમાં નહીં પણ દેશમાં મહત્તમ રોજગાર પ્રદાન કરે અને પોતાના દેશનો આર્થિક વિકાસ દર વધારવાની સાથે સાથે દેશમાંથી ગરીબી નાબૂદ કરવાના પ્રયાસો કરે. તેઓ કોઈપણ પ્રકારના ભ્રષ્ટાચાર અને દાણચોરીમાં સામેલ ન હોવા જોઈએ.
• ખેલાડીઓ: ખેલાડીઓએ તેમની રમત અને દેશ પ્રત્યે વફાદારી રાખવી જોઈએ અને કોઈપણ પ્રકારના ભ્રષ્ટાચાર અથવા મેચ ફિક્સિંગમાં સામેલ ન થવું જોઈએ કારણ કે તેઓ દેશના યુવાનોના રોલ મોડેલ છે.
• સામાન્ય નાગરિક (આમ-આદમી): સામાન્ય માણસ દેશ માટે વિવિધ રીતે જવાબદાર છે. તેઓએ તેમની નિષ્ઠાવાન ફરજોને સમજવી જોઈએ અને દેશનું નેતૃત્વ કરવા માટે એક સારા નેતાની પસંદગી કરવી જોઈએ જે દેશને સાચી દિશામાં લઈ જઈ શકે. તેઓએ તેમનું ઘર તેમજ તેમની આજુબાજુ સ્વચ્છ અને સ્વચ્છ રાખવું જોઈએ જેથી તેમનો પરિવાર સ્વસ્થ, સુખી અને રોગમુક્ત રહે. તેઓ તેમના વ્યવસાય પ્રત્યે શિસ્તબદ્ધ, સમયના પાબંદ અને ફરજ બંધાયેલા હોવા જોઈએ.

મારા દેશ પ્રત્યે મારી ફરજ શું છે – નિબંધ 4 (600 શબ્દો)

વ્યક્તિ પોતાના જીવનમાં, પરિવાર પ્રત્યે, માતા-પિતા, બાળકો, પત્ની, પતિ, પડોશીઓ, સમાજ, સમુદાય અને સૌથી અગત્યનું દેશ પ્રત્યે ઘણી બધી ફરજો નિભાવે છે. દેશ પ્રત્યે વ્યક્તિની ફરજો તેના ગૌરવ, ઉજ્જવળ ભવિષ્યને જાળવી રાખવા અને તેને સુખાકારી તરફ લઈ જવા માટે ખૂબ જ મહત્વપૂર્ણ છે.

હું કોણ છું

હું ભારતીય નાગરિક છું કારણ કે મારો જન્મ અહીં થયો છે. દેશનો એક જવાબદાર નાગરિક હોવાના નાતે હું મારા દેશ પ્રત્યે ઘણી બધી ફરજો નિભાવું છું જે તમામે પૂરી કરવી જોઈએ. મારે મારા દેશના વિકાસ સાથે સંબંધિત વિવિધ પાસાઓની ફરજો નિભાવવી જોઈએ.

ફરજો શું છે

ફરજો એ એવા કાર્યો અથવા પ્રવૃત્તિઓ છે જે દરેક વ્યક્તિએ દેશના બહેતર અને વધુ વિકાસ માટે દૈનિક ધોરણે વ્યક્તિગત રીતે કરવા જોઈએ. દરેક ભારતીય નાગરિકની જવાબદારી છે કે તે પોતાની ફરજો નિષ્ઠાપૂર્વક કરે અને તે દેશની આવશ્યક માંગ પણ છે.

દેશ પ્રત્યે મારી ફરજ શું છે

દેશનો નાગરિક એ છે કે જેણે માત્ર પોતે જ નહીં પરંતુ તેના પૂર્વજોએ પણ લગભગ આખું જીવન તે દેશમાં વિતાવ્યું છે, તેથી દરેક રાષ્ટ્ર માટે પણ કેટલીક ફરજો છે. ચાલો એક ઘરનું ઉદાહરણ લઈએ જ્યાં વિવિધ સભ્યો સાથે રહે છે, જો કે, દરેક ઘરના વડા ઘરના સારા અને શાંતિપૂર્ણ જીવન માટે સૌથી મોટા સભ્ય દ્વારા બનાવેલા તમામ નિયમો અને નિયમોનું પાલન કરે છે. એ જ રીતે આપણો દેશ પણ આપણા ઘર જેવો છે જેમાં વિવિધ ધર્મના લોકો સાથે રહે છે તેમ છતાં તેઓએ દેશના વિકાસ માટે સરકારે બનાવેલા કેટલાક નિયમો અને કાયદાઓનું પાલન કરવાની જરૂર છે. દેશના કર્તવ્ય પ્રત્યે વફાદાર નાગરિકોનો ઉદ્દેશ્ય તમામ સામાજિક સમસ્યાઓને દૂર કરીને દેશને વિકાસશીલ દેશોની શ્રેણીમાં લાવવાનો છે, દેશમાં વાસ્તવિક સ્વતંત્રતા લાવી છે.

સરકારી કે ખાનગી ક્ષેત્રની ઓફિસોમાં, સમયસર કામ કરતા કર્મચારીઓએ સમય બગાડ્યા વિના નિષ્ઠાપૂર્વક તેમની ફરજ બજાવવી જોઈએ કારણ કે આ સંદર્ભમાં સાચું જ કહેવાયું છે કે, “આપણે સમય બગાડશું, તો સમય આપણો બગાડ કરશે.” સમય કોઈની રાહ જોતો નથી, તે સતત ચાલે છે અને આપણે સમય પાસેથી શીખવું જોઈએ. જ્યાં સુધી આપણે આપણા લક્ષ્ય સુધી પહોંચીએ ત્યાં સુધી આપણે રોકાવું જોઈએ નહીં. આપણા જીવનનો સૌથી મહત્વનો ઉદ્દેશ્ય આપણા દેશને સાચા અર્થમાં મહાન બનાવવાનો છે.

આપણે સ્વાર્થી ન બનવું જોઈએ અને આપણા દેશ પ્રત્યેની આપણી ફરજોને સમજવી જોઈએ. તે ફક્ત આપણે જ છીએ, અન્ય કોઈને નહીં, જેનો લાભ અને શોષણ પણ થઈ શકે છે. આપણી દરેક ક્રિયા આપણને હકારાત્મક અને નકારાત્મક બંને રીતે અસર કરે છે (જો આપણે હકારાત્મક ક્રિયાઓ કરીશું તો આપણને ફાયદો થશે અને જો આપણે નકારાત્મક કાર્યો કરીશું તો આપણું શોષણ થશે). આથી આજે જ પ્રતિજ્ઞા કેમ ન લઈએ કે આપણા જ દેશમાં શોષિત થવાથી પોતાને બચાવવા માટે, આજથી આપણે સકારાત્મકતા સાથે સાચી દિશામાં દરેક પગલું ભરીશું. આપણા દેશ માટે યોગ્ય નેતા પસંદ કરવાનો અને તેના પર શાસન કરવાનો અધિકાર આપણને છે. તો શા માટે આપણે અન્ય અને નેતાઓને દોષી ઠેરવીએ, આપણે ફક્ત આપણી જાતને દોષી ઠેરવવી જોઈએ અને અન્યને નહીં કારણ કે તે આપણે જ છીએ જેમણે માંગણી મુજબ આપણી ફરજો નિભાવી નથી. અમે ફક્ત અમારી પોતાની દિનચર્યામાં જ વ્યસ્ત હતા અને અન્યના જીવનમાં, અભ્યાસેતર પ્રવૃત્તિઓમાં, દેશની રાજકીય બાબતો વગેરેની પરવા નહોતી કરી. આપણો દેશ હજુ પણ વિકાસશીલ દેશોની શ્રેણીમાં છે અને વિકસિત દેશોની શ્રેણીમાં નથી તે આપણી ભૂલ છે.

આ એક મોટી સમસ્યા છે અને આપણે તેને હળવાશથી ન લેવી જોઈએ. આપણે લોભી અને સ્વાર્થી ન બનવું જોઈએ; આપણે આપણી જાતને અને બીજાઓને સ્વસ્થ અને શાંતિપૂર્ણ જીવન જીવવા દેવા જોઈએ. આપણા દેશનું ઉજ્જવળ ભવિષ્ય આપણા પોતાના હાથમાં છે. હજુ પણ સમય છે પોતાને બદલવાનો, આપણે વધુ સારું કરી શકીએ છીએ. ખુલ્લી આંખે જીવન જીવવાનું શરૂ કરો અને તમારા દેશ પ્રત્યેની તમારી ફરજો પૂર્ણ કરો. આપણે આપણા હૃદય, શરીર, મન અને આસપાસના તમામ વિસ્તારોને સાફ કરીને નવી અને સારી શરૂઆત કરવી જોઈએ.

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ದೇಶದ ಯಾವುದೇ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳೆಂದರೆ ಅವನ/ಅವಳ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ವಯೋಮಾನದವರಿಗೆ ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ದೇಶದ ಕಡೆಗೆ ಹೊಂದಿರುವ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಗಳನ್ನು ಅರ್ಥೈಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾರೆ. ದೇಶಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ನಮ್ಮ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಗಳನ್ನು ಪೂರೈಸಲು ನಮಗೆ ನೆನಪಿಸಲು ಯಾವುದೇ ವಿಶೇಷ ಸಮಯವಿಲ್ಲ, ಆದರೂ ದೇಶದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅವರ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು ಮತ್ತು ಅವರ ದಿನಚರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಅವರನ್ನು ಸೇರಿಸುವುದು ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪ್ರಜೆಯ ಜನ್ಮ ಹಕ್ಕು.

ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ನನ್ನ ದೇಶದ ಕಡೆಗೆ ನನ್ನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯದ ಕುರಿತು ಸಣ್ಣ ಮತ್ತು ದೀರ್ಘ ಪ್ರಬಂಧ

ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯುತ ನಾಗರಿಕನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳು – ಪ್ರಬಂಧ 1 (300 ಪದಗಳು).

ಭಾರತವು ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ, ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ಸಾಂಪ್ರದಾಯಿಕ ದೇಶವಾಗಿದೆ ಮತ್ತು ವಿವಿಧತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಏಕತೆಗೆ ಹೆಸರುವಾಸಿಯಾಗಿದೆ. ಆದಾಗ್ಯೂ, ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಗಾಗಿ ಸ್ವಚ್ಛತೆ, ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರ, ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಹೋರಾಟಗಳು, ಮಹಿಳೆಯರ ವಿರುದ್ಧದ ಅಪರಾಧಗಳು, ಬಡತನ, ಮಾಲಿನ್ಯ, ಜಾಗತಿಕ ತಾಪಮಾನ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿಗಳನ್ನು ಸ್ವಚ್ಛಗೊಳಿಸಲು ಅದರ ನಾಗರಿಕರ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಗಳ ಅಗತ್ಯವಿದೆ. ಸರ್ಕಾರವನ್ನು ದೂಷಿಸುವ ಬದಲು, ದೇಶದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಜನರು ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು. ದೇಶದ ಬೆಳವಣಿಗೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಗೆ ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬರೂ ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕವಾಗಿ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರರು. “ಸಾವಿರ ಮೈಲುಗಳ ಪ್ರಯಾಣವು ಒಂದೇ ಹೆಜ್ಜೆಯಿಂದ ಪ್ರಾರಂಭವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ” ಎಂಬ ಲಾನ್ ತುಜ್ ಅವರ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಮಾತನ್ನು ಜನರು ಎಂದಿಗೂ ಮರೆಯಬಾರದು . ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬರೂ ತಮ್ಮ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಅರಿತು ಅವುಗಳನ್ನು ನಿರ್ಲಕ್ಷಿಸದೆ ಅನುಸರಿಸಬೇಕು. ದೇಶದ ಉತ್ತಮ ಮತ್ತು ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯುತ ನಾಗರಿಕರಾಗಿ, ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬರೂ ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ನಿಷ್ಠೆಯಿಂದ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಬೇಕು:

• ಸರ್ಕಾರ ರೂಪಿಸಿರುವ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ನಿಯಮಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಕಾನೂನುಗಳನ್ನು ಜನರು ಅನುಸರಿಸಬೇಕು. ಅವರು ಅಧಿಕಾರಿಗಳನ್ನು ಗೌರವಿಸಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ಯಾವುದೇ ನಿಯಮಗಳನ್ನು ಉಲ್ಲಂಘಿಸಬಾರದು ಮತ್ತು ಇತರರನ್ನು ಅದೇ ರೀತಿ ಮಾಡಲು ಪ್ರೇರೇಪಿಸಬೇಕು.
• ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ವಿರುದ್ಧದ ಯಾವುದೇ ಅಪರಾಧವನ್ನು ಸಹಿಸಬಾರದು ಮತ್ತು ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರದ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಧ್ವನಿ ಎತ್ತಬೇಕು. ಸಮಾಜವನ್ನು ನಕಾರಾತ್ಮಕ ಪ್ರಭಾವದಿಂದ ರಕ್ಷಿಸುವುದರೊಂದಿಗೆ ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ನಾಗರಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಬೇಕು.
• ಅವರು ಅಗತ್ಯವಿರುವ ಜನರಿಗೆ ಪರಿಹಾರಗಳನ್ನು ಒದಗಿಸಬೇಕು, ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತಿಕೆಯಿಂದ ಮತ ಚಲಾಯಿಸಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ಅವರ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ತೆರಿಗೆಗಳನ್ನು ಸಮಯಕ್ಕೆ ಪಾವತಿಸಬೇಕು.
• ಸಮಾಜದ ಒಳಿತಿಗಾಗಿ ಆರ್‌ಟಿಐ ಪಡೆದಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಮತ್ತು ಆರ್.ಟಿ.ಇ. ಅಂತಹ ಕಾಯಿದೆಗಳ ಸಹಾಯವನ್ನು ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು.
• ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬರೂ ತಮ್ಮ ಸುತ್ತಮುತ್ತಲಿನ ಸ್ವಚ್ಛತೆ ಕಾಪಾಡಲು ಸ್ವಚ್ಛತಾ ಅಭಿಯಾನದಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಬೇಕು. ತ್ಯಾಜ್ಯ ವಸ್ತುಗಳನ್ನು ಕಸದ ತೊಟ್ಟಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹಾಕಲು ಮತ್ತು ಸಾರ್ವಜನಿಕ ವಸ್ತುಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಕಾಳಜಿ ವಹಿಸಲು ಮಕ್ಕಳಿಗೆ ಕಲಿಸಬೇಕು.
• ಸಾಮರ್ಥ್ಯ ಇರುವವರು ಗ್ಯಾಸ್ ಸಬ್ಸಿಡಿ ತ್ಯಜಿಸಬೇಕು.
• ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬರೂ ದೇಶ ಮತ್ತು ಸಹ ನಾಗರಿಕರಿಗೆ ಪ್ರಾಮಾಣಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ನಿಷ್ಠರಾಗಿರಬೇಕು. ಅವರು ಪರಸ್ಪರ ಗೌರವದ ಭಾವನೆಯನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ದೇಶದ ಕಲ್ಯಾಣಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಮಾಡಿದ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ಆರ್ಥಿಕ ನೀತಿಗಳನ್ನು ಗೌರವಿಸಬೇಕು.
• ಜನರು ತಮ್ಮ ಮಕ್ಕಳನ್ನು ಶಿಕ್ಷಣದಲ್ಲಿ ತೊಡಗಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ಅವರ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ ಮತ್ತು ಬಾಲ್ಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಕಾಳಜಿ ವಹಿಸಬೇಕು. ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಮಕ್ಕಳನ್ನು ಬಾಲ ಕಾರ್ಮಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ಇತರ ಅಪರಾಧಗಳಿಗೆ ಒತ್ತಾಯಿಸಬಾರದು.
• ಜನರು ತಮ್ಮ ದೇಶವನ್ನು ವಿಶ್ವದ ಅತ್ಯುತ್ತಮ ದೇಶವನ್ನಾಗಿ ಮಾಡಲು ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಬೇಕು.

ಒಬ್ಬ ನಾಗರಿಕನಾಗಿ ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ನನ್ನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯ – ಪ್ರಬಂಧ 2 (400 ಪದಗಳು)

ಯಾವುದೇ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳು ಅವರು ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕವಾಗಿ ಪೂರೈಸಬೇಕಾದ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಗಳಾಗಿವೆ. ಸಮಾಜ, ಸಮುದಾಯ ಅಥವಾ ದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ವಾಸಿಸುವ ನಾಗರಿಕನು ದೇಶ, ಸಮಾಜ ಅಥವಾ ಸಮುದಾಯಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಅನೇಕ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಗಳನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿದ್ದು, ಅದನ್ನು ಸರಿಯಾಗಿ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಬೇಕು. ಜನರು ಒಳ್ಳೆಯತನವನ್ನು ನಂಬಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ದೇಶದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಎಂದಿಗೂ ನಿರ್ಲಕ್ಷಿಸಬಾರದು.

ದೇಶದ ಪ್ರಜೆಯಾಗಿ ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ನನ್ನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯ

ಅನೇಕ ಮಹಾನ್ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯ ಹೋರಾಟಗಾರರ ತ್ಯಾಗ ಮತ್ತು ಹೋರಾಟದಿಂದ ಸಾಧಿಸಿದ ನಮ್ಮ ದೇಶವು ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆಯಿಂದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯ ಪಡೆದು ಹಲವು ವರ್ಷಗಳು ಕಳೆದಿವೆ. ಲಕ್ಷಾಂತರ ಜನರೊಂದಿಗೆ ತಮ್ಮ ಅಮೂಲ್ಯವಾದ ಜೀವನವನ್ನು ತ್ಯಾಗ ಮಾಡುವ ಮೂಲಕ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ಕನಸನ್ನು ನನಸಾಗಿಸಿದ ಅವರು ದೇಶಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳ ನಿಜವಾದ ಅನುಯಾಯಿಯಾಗಿದ್ದರು. ಭಾರತದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ನಂತರ, ಶ್ರೀಮಂತರು ಮತ್ತು ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿಗಳು ತಮ್ಮ ಸ್ವಂತ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮಾತ್ರ ತೊಡಗಿಸಿಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದಾರೆಯೇ ಹೊರತು ದೇಶದ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಅಲ್ಲ. ನಾವು ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆಯಿಂದ ಮುಕ್ತರಾಗಿದ್ದೇವೆ ನಿಜ, ಆದರೆ ದುರಾಸೆ, ಅಪರಾಧ, ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರ, ಬೇಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿ, ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳು, ಬಾಲಕಾರ್ಮಿಕತೆ, ಬಡತನ, ಕ್ರೌರ್ಯ, ಭಯೋತ್ಪಾದನೆ, ಹೆಣ್ಣು ಭ್ರೂಣ ಹತ್ಯೆ, ಲಿಂಗ ಅಸಮಾನತೆ, ವರದಕ್ಷಿಣೆ-ಮರಣ, ಸಾಮೂಹಿಕವಾಗಿ ಇಂದಿಗೂ ಮುಕ್ತವಾಗಿಲ್ಲ. ಅತ್ಯಾಚಾರ ಮತ್ತು ಇತರ ಕಾನೂನುಬಾಹಿರ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳು.

ಕೇವಲ ನಿಯಮಗಳು, ಕಾನೂನುಗಳು, ಅಧಿಕಾರಿಗಳು, ಕಾಯಿದೆಗಳು, ಪ್ರಚಾರಗಳು ಅಥವಾ ಕಾರ್ಯಕ್ರಮಗಳನ್ನು ಸರ್ಕಾರವು ಮಾಡುವುದರಿಂದ ಸಾಕಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ, ವಾಸ್ತವದಲ್ಲಿ ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬ ಭಾರತೀಯ ನಾಗರಿಕನು ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಕಾನೂನುಬಾಹಿರ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಿಂದ ಮುಕ್ತರಾಗಲು ಇವೆಲ್ಲವನ್ನೂ ಕಟ್ಟುನಿಟ್ಟಾಗಿ ಅನುಸರಿಸಬೇಕು. ಭಾರತೀಯ ನಾಗರಿಕರು ಬಡತನ, ಲಿಂಗ ಅಸಮಾನತೆ, ಬಾಲ ಕಾರ್ಮಿಕರು, ಮಹಿಳೆಯರ ಮೇಲಿನ ದೌರ್ಜನ್ಯಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಇತರ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳ ನಿರ್ಮೂಲನೆಯೊಂದಿಗೆ ದೇಶಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ನಿಷ್ಠೆಯಿಂದ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಬೇಕು. ದೇಶದ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಯನ್ನು ಸರಿಯಾದ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಕೊಂಡೊಯ್ಯಬಲ್ಲ ತಮ್ಮ ರಾಜಕೀಯ ನಾಯಕನನ್ನು ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಮಾಡುವ ಹಕ್ಕು ಭಾರತೀಯ ನಾಗರಿಕರಿಗೆ ಇದೆ. ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ, ಅವರ ಜೀವನದಲ್ಲಿ ಕೆಟ್ಟ ಜನರನ್ನು ದೂಷಿಸಲು ಅವರಿಗೆ ಯಾವುದೇ ಹಕ್ಕಿಲ್ಲ. ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ರಾಜಕೀಯ ನಾಯಕನಿಗೆ ಮತ ಹಾಕುವಾಗ ಕಣ್ಣು ತೆರೆಯಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ನಿಜವಾದ ಭ್ರಷ್ಟ ಮನಸ್ಥಿತಿಯಿಂದ ಮುಕ್ತವಾದ ಮತ್ತು ದೇಶವನ್ನು ಮುನ್ನಡೆಸಬಲ್ಲ ನಾಯಕನನ್ನು ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಮಾಡಬೇಕು.

ನಿಜವಾದ ಅರ್ಥದಲ್ಲಿ ಸ್ವಾವಲಂಬಿಯಾಗಲು ಭಾರತದ ನಾಗರಿಕರು ತಮ್ಮ ದೇಶಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕವಾಗಿ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುವುದು ಅವಶ್ಯಕ. ದೇಶದ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಗೆ ಇವು ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಅವಶ್ಯಕವಾಗಿದ್ದು, ದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ಶಿಸ್ತು, ಸಮಯಪಾಲನೆ, ಕರ್ತವ್ಯನಿಷ್ಠೆ ಮತ್ತು ಪ್ರಾಮಾಣಿಕ ನಾಗರಿಕರು ಇದ್ದಾಗ ಮಾತ್ರ ಸಾಧ್ಯವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.

ಭಾರತೀಯ ನಾಗರಿಕರ ವಿವಿಧ ಹುದ್ದೆಗಳ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳು – ಪ್ರಬಂಧ 3 (500 ಪದಗಳು)

ದೇಶದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಾಗರಿಕರ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳು

ಭಾರತೀಯ ನಾಗರಿಕರ ವಿವಿಧ ಹುದ್ದೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಈ ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಗಳು:

• ಪಾಲಕರು: ಪಾಲಕರು ದೇಶದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರರು ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಅವರು ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ಮತ್ತು ಕೆಟ್ಟ ನಾಯಕನನ್ನು ನೀಡುವ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಮೂಲವಾಗಿದೆ. ಅವರು ಮಕ್ಕಳ ಪ್ರಾಥಮಿಕ ಮೂಲ ಶಾಲೆ, ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ಅವರು ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಸಮಯದಲ್ಲೂ ಗಮನಹರಿಸಬೇಕು ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಅವರು ದೇಶದ ಭವಿಷ್ಯವನ್ನು ಪೋಷಿಸುವ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿದ್ದಾರೆ.

ಕೆಲವು ದುರಾಸೆಯ ಪೋಷಕರಿಂದ (ಬಡವರಾಗಲಿ ಅಥವಾ ಶ್ರೀಮಂತರಾಗಲಿ) ನಮ್ಮ ದೇಶವು ಇನ್ನೂ ಬಡತನ, ಲಿಂಗ ಅಸಮಾನತೆ, ಬಾಲ ಕಾರ್ಮಿಕರು, ಕೆಟ್ಟ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ರಾಜಕೀಯ ನಾಯಕರು, ಹೆಣ್ಣು ಭ್ರೂಣಹತ್ಯೆಯಂತಹ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಅನಿಷ್ಟಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಆ ಮೂಲಕ ದೇಶದ ಭವಿಷ್ಯವನ್ನು ಹದಗೆಡುತ್ತದೆ. ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಪಾಲಕರು ದೇಶಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ತಮ್ಮ ಮಕ್ಕಳನ್ನು (ಹುಡುಗಿಯಾಗಿರಲಿ ಅಥವಾ ಹುಡುಗನಾಗಿರಲಿ) ಸರಿಯಾದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಶಾಲೆಗೆ ಕಳುಹಿಸಬೇಕು, ಜೊತೆಗೆ ತಮ್ಮ ಮಕ್ಕಳ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ, ಸ್ವಚ್ಛತೆ ಮತ್ತು ನೈತಿಕ ಬೆಳವಣಿಗೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಕಾಳಜಿ ವಹಿಸಬೇಕು, ಅವರಿಗೆ ಉತ್ತಮ ಅಭ್ಯಾಸಗಳನ್ನು ಕಲಿಸಬೇಕು. , ಮತ್ತು ದೇಶದ ಕಡೆಗೆ ಅವರ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳು.

• ಶಿಕ್ಷಕ: ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರು ತಮ್ಮ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗಳನ್ನು ಉತ್ತಮ ಮತ್ತು ಯಶಸ್ವಿ ನಾಗರಿಕರನ್ನಾಗಿ ಮಾಡುವ ಮೂಲಕ ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ಉತ್ತಮ ಭವಿಷ್ಯವನ್ನು ನೀಡುವಲ್ಲಿ ಎರಡನೇ ಮೂಲವಾಗಿದೆ. ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ದೇಶದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯವನ್ನು ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ಅವರ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ (ಶ್ರೀಮಂತ-ಬಡವರು, ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತ- ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗಳು) ಎಂದಿಗೂ ತಾರತಮ್ಯ ಮಾಡಬಾರದು. ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ಉತ್ತಮ ನಾಯಕ ಮತ್ತು ಉಜ್ವಲ ಭವಿಷ್ಯವನ್ನು ನೀಡಲು ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗಳಿಗೆ ಸಮಾನವಾಗಿ ಕಲಿಸಬೇಕು.
• ವೈದ್ಯರು: ರೋಗಿಗೆ ಹೊಸ ಜೀವನವನ್ನು ನೀಡುವುದರಿಂದ ವೈದ್ಯರನ್ನು ದೇವರಂತೆ ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಕೆಲವು ದುರಾಸೆಯ ವೈದ್ಯರಿಂದಾಗಿ ದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೈಟೆಕ್ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆಗಳು ಲಭ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲ. ಇದು ದೇಶದ ಬಡವರಿಗೂ ಮಧ್ಯಮ ವರ್ಗದವರಿಗೂ ತುಂಬಾ ದುಬಾರಿಯಾಗಿದೆ, ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ಅವರು ಅವುಗಳನ್ನು ಸಂಗ್ರಹಿಸಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. ಕೆಲವು ಸರ್ಕಾರಿ ವೈದ್ಯರು ಆಸ್ಪತ್ರೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಸರಿಯಾಗಿ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸದೇ ಸ್ವಂತ ಖಾಸಗಿ ಕ್ಲಿನಿಕ್ ತೆರೆಯುತ್ತಾರೆ. ದೇಶದ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ದುಬಾರಿ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆಗಳನ್ನು ಕೈಗೆಟುಕುವ ಬೆಲೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಅಗತ್ಯವಿರುವವರಿಗೆ ಲಭ್ಯವಾಗುವಂತೆ ಮಾಡುವ ತಮ್ಮ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯನ್ನು ಅವರು ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು. ಉನ್ನತ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣದ ನಂತರ ವಿದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ಹೋಗಬಾರದು, ಆದರೆ, ತಮ್ಮ ದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿಯೇ ಇದ್ದುಕೊಂಡು ದೇಶದ ಉತ್ತಮ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಗೆ ಶ್ರಮಿಸಬೇಕು.
• ಇಂಜಿನಿಯರ್ (ಎಂಜಿನಿಯರ್): ದೇಶದ ನಿರ್ಮಾಣ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಕಾರ್ಯಗಳಿಗೆ ಇಂಜಿನಿಯರ್‌ಗಳು ಬಹಳ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರರಾಗಿರುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಜ್ಞಾನ ಮತ್ತು ವೃತ್ತಿಪರ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯ ತಂತ್ರಗಳನ್ನು ಸರಿಯಾದ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ ದೇಶದ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಗೆ ಸಕಾರಾತ್ಮಕ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಬಳಸಬೇಕು. ಅವರು ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರದಲ್ಲಿ ತೊಡಗಬಾರದು ಮತ್ತು ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳಿಗೆ ನಿಷ್ಠರಾಗಿರಬೇಕು.
• ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿಗಳು: ದೇಶದ ಮಟ್ಟವು ದೇಶದ ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿಗಳನ್ನು ಅವಲಂಬಿಸಿರುತ್ತದೆ. ಒಬ್ಬ ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ (ದುರಾಸೆಯಿಲ್ಲದ ಅಥವಾ ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರದಲ್ಲಿ ತೊಡಗಿಲ್ಲ) ದೇಶದ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ತನ್ನ ವಿವಿಧ ಮಹತ್ತರವಾದ ಪಾತ್ರಗಳನ್ನು ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ ಆದರೆ ಭ್ರಷ್ಟ ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ದೇಶವನ್ನು ನಾಶಮಾಡಬಹುದು. ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ತನ್ನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಅರಿತು ದೇಶಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಪ್ರಾಮಾಣಿಕವಾಗಿ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಬೇಕು.
• ಪೊಲೀಸ್ ಕಾನ್ಸ್‌ಟೇಬಲ್‌ಗಳು: ದೇಶದಾದ್ಯಂತ ಭದ್ರತೆ, ಶಾಂತಿ ಮತ್ತು ಸೌಹಾರ್ದತೆಯನ್ನು ಕಾಪಾಡಲು ನಗರ, ರಾಜ್ಯ ಮತ್ತು ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರ ಮಟ್ಟದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿವಿಧ ಸ್ಥಳಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಪೊಲೀಸರನ್ನು ನೇಮಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಅವನು ಜನರ ಆಶಾಕಿರಣವಾಗಿದ್ದಾನೆ, ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ಅವನು ತನ್ನ ದೇಶ ಮತ್ತು ಜನರಿಗೆ ನಿಷ್ಠನಾಗಿರಬೇಕು.
• ಉದ್ಯಮಿ ಅಥವಾ ಉದ್ಯಮಿ: ತನ್ನ ದೇಶದ ಕಡೆಗೆ ಉದ್ಯಮಿಯ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯವೆಂದರೆ ದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ಗರಿಷ್ಠ ಉದ್ಯೋಗವನ್ನು ಒದಗಿಸುವುದು, ವಿದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ಅಲ್ಲ ಮತ್ತು ತನ್ನ ದೇಶದ ಆರ್ಥಿಕ ಬೆಳವಣಿಗೆಯ ದರವನ್ನು ಹೆಚ್ಚಿಸುವುದು ಮತ್ತು ದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ಬಡತನವನ್ನು ತೊಡೆದುಹಾಕಲು ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಗಳನ್ನು ಮಾಡುವುದು. ಅವರು ಯಾವುದೇ ರೀತಿಯ ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರ ಮತ್ತು ಕಳ್ಳಸಾಗಣೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗಿಯಾಗಬಾರದು.
• ಆಟಗಾರರು: ಆಟಗಾರರು ತಮ್ಮ ಆಟ ಮತ್ತು ದೇಶದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಿಷ್ಠೆಯನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ಯಾವುದೇ ರೀತಿಯ ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರ ಅಥವಾ ಮ್ಯಾಚ್ ಫಿಕ್ಸಿಂಗ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ತೊಡಗಬಾರದು ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಅವರು ದೇಶದ ಯುವಕರಿಗೆ ಮಾದರಿಯಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ.
• ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ನಾಗರಿಕ (ಆಮ್-ಆದ್ಮಿ): ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿ ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ವಿವಿಧ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರನಾಗಿರುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಪ್ರಾಮಾಣಿಕ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ದೇಶವನ್ನು ಸರಿಯಾದ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಕೊಂಡೊಯ್ಯುವ ದೇಶವನ್ನು ಮುನ್ನಡೆಸಲು ಉತ್ತಮ ನಾಯಕನನ್ನು ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಮಾಡಬೇಕು. ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಮನೆ ಮತ್ತು ತಮ್ಮ ಸುತ್ತಮುತ್ತಲಿನ ಪರಿಸರವನ್ನು ಸ್ವಚ್ಛವಾಗಿ ಮತ್ತು ನೈರ್ಮಲ್ಯದಿಂದ ಇಟ್ಟುಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು ಇದರಿಂದ ಅವರ ಕುಟುಂಬವು ಆರೋಗ್ಯಕರ, ಸಂತೋಷ ಮತ್ತು ರೋಗ ಮುಕ್ತವಾಗಿರುತ್ತದೆ. ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ವೃತ್ತಿಯ ಕಡೆಗೆ ಶಿಸ್ತು, ಸಮಯಪಾಲನೆ ಮತ್ತು ಕರ್ತವ್ಯ ಬದ್ಧರಾಗಿರಬೇಕು.

ನನ್ನ ದೇಶದ ಕಡೆಗೆ ನನ್ನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯವೇನು – ಪ್ರಬಂಧ 4 (600 ಪದಗಳು)

ಒಬ್ಬ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯು ತನ್ನ ಜೀವನದಲ್ಲಿ ತನಗೆ, ಕುಟುಂಬಕ್ಕೆ, ಹೆತ್ತವರಿಗೆ, ಮಕ್ಕಳು, ಹೆಂಡತಿ, ಪತಿ, ನೆರೆಹೊರೆಯವರು, ಸಮಾಜ, ಸಮುದಾಯ ಮತ್ತು ಮುಖ್ಯವಾಗಿ ದೇಶಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಅನೇಕ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ. ದೇಶದ ಘನತೆ, ಉಜ್ವಲ ಭವಿಷ್ಯವನ್ನು ಕಾಪಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಮತ್ತು ಯೋಗಕ್ಷೇಮದತ್ತ ಮುನ್ನಡೆಸಲು ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳು ಬಹಳ ಮುಖ್ಯ.

ನಾನು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಹುಟ್ಟಿರುವುದರಿಂದ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪ್ರಜೆ. ದೇಶದ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯುತ ನಾಗರಿಕನಾಗಿ, ನಾನು ನನ್ನ ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ಹಲವಾರು ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುತ್ತೇನೆ, ಅದು ಎಲ್ಲವನ್ನೂ ಪೂರೈಸಬೇಕು. ನನ್ನ ದೇಶದ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಗೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಿಸಿದ ವಿವಿಧ ಅಂಶಗಳ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ನಾನು ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಬೇಕು.

ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳು ಯಾವುವು

ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳು ಆ ಕಾರ್ಯಗಳು ಅಥವಾ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳು ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬರೂ ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕವಾಗಿ ದೇಶದ ಸುಧಾರಣೆ ಮತ್ತು ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಗಾಗಿ ದೈನಂದಿನ ಆಧಾರದ ಮೇಲೆ ಮಾಡಬೇಕು. ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ನಿಷ್ಠೆಯಿಂದ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುವುದು ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪ್ರಜೆಯ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯಾಗಿದೆ ಮತ್ತು ಇದು ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾದ ಬೇಡಿಕೆಯೂ ಆಗಿದೆ.

ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ನನ್ನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯವೇನು?

ದೇಶದ ಪ್ರಜೆಯು ತಾನು ಮಾತ್ರವಲ್ಲದೆ ಅವನ/ಅವಳ ಪೂರ್ವಜರೂ ಸಹ ಆ ದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ಬಹುತೇಕ ಇಡೀ ಜೀವನವನ್ನು ಕಳೆದಿದ್ದಾರೆ, ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ಪ್ರತಿ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಕ್ಕೂ ಕೆಲವು ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರುತ್ತಾರೆ. ವಿವಿಧ ಸದಸ್ಯರು ಒಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ವಾಸಿಸುವ ಮನೆಯ ಉದಾಹರಣೆಯನ್ನು ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳೋಣ, ಆದಾಗ್ಯೂ, ಪ್ರತಿ ಮನೆಯ ಮುಖ್ಯಸ್ಥರು ಮನೆಯ ಉತ್ತಮ ಮತ್ತು ಶಾಂತಿಯುತ ಜೀವನಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಹಿರಿಯ ಸದಸ್ಯರು ಮಾಡಿದ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ನಿಯಮಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ನಿಬಂಧನೆಗಳನ್ನು ಅನುಸರಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಅದೇ ರೀತಿ, ನಮ್ಮ ದೇಶವು ನಮ್ಮ ಮನೆಯಂತೆ, ಇದರಲ್ಲಿ ವಿವಿಧ ಧರ್ಮಗಳ ಜನರು ಒಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ವಾಸಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ ಆದರೆ ಅವರು ದೇಶದ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಗಾಗಿ ಸರ್ಕಾರವು ಮಾಡಿದ ಕೆಲವು ನಿಯಮಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಕಾನೂನುಗಳನ್ನು ಅನುಸರಿಸಬೇಕು. ದೇಶದ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳಿಗೆ ನಿಷ್ಠರಾಗಿರುವ ನಾಗರಿಕರ ಉದ್ದೇಶವು ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳನ್ನು ತೆಗೆದುಹಾಕುವ ಮೂಲಕ ದೇಶವನ್ನು ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಶೀಲ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಗಳ ವರ್ಗಕ್ಕೆ ತರುವುದು, ದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ನಿಜವಾದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯವನ್ನು ತರುವುದು.

ಸರ್ಕಾರಿ ಅಥವಾ ಖಾಸಗಿ ವಲಯದ ಕಚೇರಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ, ಸಮಯಕ್ಕೆ ಸರಿಯಾಗಿ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವ ನೌಕರರು ಸಮಯವನ್ನು ವ್ಯರ್ಥ ಮಾಡದೆ ತಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ನಿಷ್ಠೆಯಿಂದ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಬೇಕು ಏಕೆಂದರೆ “ನಾವು ಸಮಯವನ್ನು ವ್ಯರ್ಥ ಮಾಡಿದರೆ ಸಮಯವು ನಮಗೆ ವ್ಯರ್ಥವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ” ಎಂದು ಈ ಸಂದರ್ಭದಲ್ಲಿ ಸರಿಯಾಗಿ ಹೇಳಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಸಮಯವು ಯಾರಿಗೂ ಕಾಯುವುದಿಲ್ಲ, ಅದು ನಿರಂತರವಾಗಿ ಸಾಗುತ್ತದೆ ಮತ್ತು ನಾವು ಸಮಯದಿಂದ ಕಲಿಯಬೇಕು. ನಮ್ಮ ಗುರಿ ಮುಟ್ಟುವವರೆಗೂ ನಿಲ್ಲಬಾರದು. ನಿಜವಾದ ಅರ್ಥದಲ್ಲಿ ನಮ್ಮ ದೇಶವನ್ನು ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠವಾಗಿಸುವುದು ನಮ್ಮ ಜೀವನದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಗುರಿಯಾಗಿದೆ.

ನಾವು ಸ್ವಾರ್ಥಿಗಳಾಗಬಾರದು ಮತ್ತು ನಮ್ಮ ದೇಶದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು. ಲಾಭ ಮತ್ತು ಶೋಷಣೆಗೆ ಒಳಗಾಗುವುದು ನಮಗೆ ಮಾತ್ರ, ಬೇರೆ ಯಾರಿಗೂ ಅಲ್ಲ. ನಮ್ಮ ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಂದು ಕ್ರಿಯೆಯು ಧನಾತ್ಮಕವಾಗಿ ಮತ್ತು ಋಣಾತ್ಮಕವಾಗಿ ನಮ್ಮ ಮೇಲೆ ಪರಿಣಾಮ ಬೀರುತ್ತದೆ (ನಾವು ಧನಾತ್ಮಕ ಕ್ರಿಯೆಗಳನ್ನು ಮಾಡಿದರೆ ನಮಗೆ ಲಾಭವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ ಮತ್ತು ನಾವು ನಕಾರಾತ್ಮಕ ಕೆಲಸಗಳನ್ನು ಮಾಡಿದರೆ ನಾವು ಶೋಷಣೆಗೆ ಒಳಗಾಗುತ್ತೇವೆ). ಆದುದರಿಂದ, ನಮ್ಮ ದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ಶೋಷಣೆಗೆ ಒಳಗಾಗದಂತೆ ನಮ್ಮನ್ನು ನಾವು ರಕ್ಷಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಇಂದಿನಿಂದ ನಾವು ಪ್ರತಿ ಹೆಜ್ಜೆಯನ್ನು ಸಕಾರಾತ್ಮಕತೆಯಿಂದ ಸರಿಯಾದ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಇಡುತ್ತೇವೆ ಎಂದು ಇಂದು ಏಕೆ ಪ್ರತಿಜ್ಞೆ ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳಬಾರದು. ನಮ್ಮ ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ಸರಿಯಾದ ನಾಯಕನನ್ನು ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಮಾಡುವ ಮತ್ತು ಅದನ್ನು ಆಳುವ ಹಕ್ಕು ನಮಗಿದೆ. ಹಾಗಾದರೆ ನಾವು ಇತರರನ್ನು ಮತ್ತು ನಾಯಕರನ್ನು ಏಕೆ ದೂಷಿಸಬೇಕು, ನಾವು ನಮ್ಮನ್ನು ಮಾತ್ರ ದೂಷಿಸಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ಇತರರನ್ನು ದೂಷಿಸಬಾರದು ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ನಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ನಾವು ಬೇಡಿಕೆಯಂತೆ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಲಿಲ್ಲ. ನಾವು ನಮ್ಮ ದಿನಚರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮಾತ್ರ ತೊಡಗಿಸಿಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದೇವೆ ಮತ್ತು ಇತರರ ಜೀವನ, ಪಠ್ಯೇತರ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ತೊಡಗಿಸಿಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದೇವೆ. ದೇಶದ ರಾಜಕೀಯ ವಿಷಯಗಳು ಇತ್ಯಾದಿಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಕಾಳಜಿ ವಹಿಸಲಿಲ್ಲ. ನಮ್ಮ ದೇಶವು ಇನ್ನೂ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಶೀಲ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಗಳ ವಿಭಾಗದಲ್ಲಿದೆಯೇ ಹೊರತು ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಹೊಂದಿದ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಗಳ ವರ್ಗದಲ್ಲಿಲ್ಲದಿರುವುದು ನಮ್ಮ ತಪ್ಪು.

ಇದೊಂದು ದೊಡ್ಡ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಯಾಗಿದ್ದು ನಾವು ಇದನ್ನು ಲಘುವಾಗಿ ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಬಾರದು. ನಾವು ದುರಾಸೆ ಮತ್ತು ಸ್ವಾರ್ಥಿಗಳಾಗಿರಬಾರದು; ಆರೋಗ್ಯಕರ ಮತ್ತು ಶಾಂತಿಯುತ ಜೀವನವನ್ನು ನಡೆಸಲು ನಾವು ಮತ್ತು ಇತರರಿಗೆ ಅವಕಾಶ ನೀಡಬೇಕು. ನಮ್ಮ ದೇಶದ ಉಜ್ವಲ ಭವಿಷ್ಯ ನಮ್ಮ ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿದೆ. ನಮ್ಮನ್ನು ನಾವು ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಇನ್ನೂ ಸಮಯವಿದೆ, ನಾವು ಉತ್ತಮವಾಗಿ ಮಾಡಬಹುದು. ತೆರೆದ ಕಣ್ಣುಗಳೊಂದಿಗೆ ಜೀವನವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಾರಂಭಿಸಿ ಮತ್ತು ನಿಮ್ಮ ದೇಶದ ಕಡೆಗೆ ನಿಮ್ಮ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಪೂರೈಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಿ. ನಮ್ಮ ಹೃದಯ, ದೇಹ, ಮನಸ್ಸು ಮತ್ತು ಸುತ್ತಮುತ್ತಲಿನ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಪ್ರದೇಶಗಳನ್ನು ಸ್ವಚ್ಛಗೊಳಿಸುವ ಮೂಲಕ ನಾವು ತಾಜಾ ಮತ್ತು ಉತ್ತಮ ಆರಂಭವನ್ನು ಮಾಡಬೇಕು.

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രാജ്യത്തെ ഏതൊരു വ്യക്തിയുടെയും കടമകൾ അർത്ഥമാക്കുന്നത് അവന്റെ/അവളുടെ എല്ലാ പ്രായക്കാർക്കും അവരുടെ രാജ്യത്തോട് അവർക്കുള്ള ഉത്തരവാദിത്തങ്ങളാണ്. രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള കടമകൾ മനസിലാക്കുകയും അവരെ അവരുടെ ദിനചര്യയിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തുകയും ചെയ്യുക എന്നത് ഓരോ ഇന്ത്യൻ പൗരന്റെയും ജന്മാവകാശമാണെങ്കിലും രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള നമ്മുടെ ഉത്തരവാദിത്തങ്ങൾ നിറവേറ്റാൻ നമ്മെ ഓർമ്മിപ്പിക്കാൻ പ്രത്യേക സമയമില്ല.

എന്റെ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള എന്റെ കടമയെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള ഹ്രസ്വവും ദീർഘവുമായ ഉപന്യാസം മലയാളത്തിൽ

ഉത്തരവാദിത്തമുള്ള ഒരു പൗരന്റെ കടമകൾ – ഉപന്യാസം 1 (300 വാക്കുകൾ).

ഇന്ത്യ ഒരു മതപരവും സാംസ്കാരികവും പരമ്പരാഗതവുമായ രാജ്യമാണ്, നാനാത്വത്തിൽ ഏകത്വത്തിന് പേരുകേട്ടതാണ്. എന്നിരുന്നാലും, വികസനം, അഴിമതി അവസാനിപ്പിക്കുക, സാമൂഹിക പോരാട്ടങ്ങൾ, സ്ത്രീകൾക്കെതിരായ കുറ്റകൃത്യങ്ങൾ, ദാരിദ്ര്യം, മലിനീകരണം, ആഗോളതാപനം തുടങ്ങിയവയ്ക്കായി ശുദ്ധീകരിക്കുന്നതിന് അതിന്റെ പൗരന്മാരുടെ കൂടുതൽ പരിശ്രമം ആവശ്യമാണ്. ഗവൺമെന്റിനെ കുറ്റപ്പെടുത്തുകയും ആക്രോശിക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നതിനുപകരം, രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള അവരുടെ കടമകൾ മനസ്സിലാക്കണം. രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ വളർച്ചയ്ക്കും വികസനത്തിനും ഓരോരുത്തരും വ്യക്തിപരമായി ഉത്തരവാദികളാണ്. “ആയിരം മൈലുകളുടെ യാത്ര ഒരു ചുവടുവെപ്പിൽ തുടങ്ങുന്നു” എന്ന ലാവൺ ടുസിന്റെ പ്രസിദ്ധമായ ചൊല്ല് ആളുകൾ ഒരിക്കലും മറക്കരുത് . ഓരോരുത്തരും തങ്ങളുടെ മൗലിക കർത്തവ്യങ്ങളെക്കുറിച്ച് ബോധവാന്മാരാകുകയും അവ അവഗണിക്കാതെ പിന്തുടരുകയും വേണം. രാജ്യത്തെ നല്ലതും ഉത്തരവാദിത്തമുള്ളതുമായ പൗരന്മാർ എന്ന നിലയിൽ, ഓരോരുത്തരും തങ്ങളുടെ കടമകൾ വിശ്വസ്തതയോടെ നിർവഹിക്കണം:

• സർക്കാർ ഉണ്ടാക്കിയ എല്ലാ നിയമങ്ങളും നിയമങ്ങളും ജനങ്ങൾ പാലിക്കണം. അവർ അധികാരികളെ ബഹുമാനിക്കുകയും നിയമങ്ങളൊന്നും ലംഘിക്കാതിരിക്കുകയും മറ്റുള്ളവരെ അത് ചെയ്യാൻ പ്രേരിപ്പിക്കുകയും വേണം.
• തങ്ങൾക്കെതിരായ ഒരു കുറ്റകൃത്യവും അവർ സഹിക്കരുത്, അഴിമതിക്കെതിരെ ശബ്ദമുയർത്തണം. നിഷേധാത്മക സ്വാധീനത്തിൽ നിന്ന് സമൂഹത്തെ സംരക്ഷിച്ചുകൊണ്ട് അവർ അവരുടെ എല്ലാ നാഗരികവും സാമൂഹികവുമായ കടമകൾ നിർവഹിക്കണം.
• അവർ ആവശ്യക്കാർക്ക് പരിഹാരങ്ങൾ നൽകുകയും വിവേകത്തോടെ വോട്ട് ചെയ്യുകയും അവരുടെ എല്ലാ നികുതികളും കൃത്യസമയത്ത് അടയ്ക്കുകയും വേണം.
• സമൂഹത്തിന്റെ നന്മയ്ക്കുവേണ്ടിയാണ് അവർക്ക് വിവരാവകാശം ലഭിച്ചത്. കൂടാതെ ആർ.ടി.ഇ. അത്തരം പ്രവൃത്തികളുടെ സഹായം സ്വീകരിക്കണം.
• ചുറ്റുപാടും വൃത്തിയായി സൂക്ഷിക്കാൻ എല്ലാവരും ശുചീകരണ യജ്ഞത്തിൽ പങ്കാളികളാകണം. മാലിന്യങ്ങൾ ചവറ്റുകുട്ടയിൽ ഇടാനും പൊതു സാധനങ്ങൾ പരിപാലിക്കാനും കുട്ടികളെ പഠിപ്പിക്കണം.
• കഴിവുള്ളവർ ഗ്യാസ് സബ്‌സിഡി ഉപേക്ഷിക്കണം.
• എല്ലാവരും സത്യസന്ധരും രാജ്യത്തോടും സഹ പൗരന്മാരോടും വിശ്വസ്തരായിരിക്കണം. അവർ പരസ്പരം ബഹുമാനിക്കുകയും രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ ക്ഷേമത്തിനായി ഉണ്ടാക്കിയ സാമൂഹിക സാമ്പത്തിക നയങ്ങളെ ബഹുമാനിക്കുകയും വേണം.
• ആളുകൾ അവരുടെ കുട്ടികളെ വിദ്യാഭ്യാസത്തിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തുകയും അവരുടെ ആരോഗ്യവും ബാല്യവും പരിപാലിക്കുകയും വേണം. ബാലവേലയ്ക്കും മറ്റ് കുറ്റകൃത്യങ്ങൾക്കും കുട്ടികളെ നിർബന്ധിക്കരുത്.
• തങ്ങളുടെ രാജ്യത്തെ ലോകത്തിലെ ഏറ്റവും മികച്ച രാജ്യമാക്കാൻ ജനങ്ങൾ ശ്രമിക്കണം.

ഒരു പൗരനെന്ന നിലയിൽ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള എന്റെ കടമ – ഉപന്യാസം 2 (400 വാക്കുകൾ)

ഏതൊരു വ്യക്തിയുടെയും കടമകൾ അവൻ വ്യക്തിപരമായി നിറവേറ്റേണ്ട ഉത്തരവാദിത്തങ്ങളാണ്. ഒരു സമൂഹത്തിലോ സമൂഹത്തിലോ രാജ്യത്തിലോ ജീവിക്കുന്ന ഒരു പൗരന് രാജ്യത്തിനോ സമൂഹത്തിനോ സമൂഹത്തിനോ വേണ്ടി നിരവധി കടമകളും കടമകളും ഉണ്ട്, അവ കൃത്യമായി നിർവഹിക്കേണ്ടതുണ്ട്. ജനങ്ങൾ നന്മയിൽ വിശ്വസിക്കണം, രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള സുപ്രധാന കടമകൾ ഒരിക്കലും അവഗണിക്കരുത്.

ഒരു രാജ്യത്തെ പൗരനെന്ന നിലയിൽ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള എന്റെ കടമയാണ്

നിരവധി മഹാനായ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യ സമര സേനാനികളുടെ ത്യാഗവും പോരാട്ടവും കൊണ്ട് നേടിയെടുത്ത നമ്മുടെ രാജ്യം ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് ഭരണത്തിൽ നിന്ന് സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം നേടിയിട്ട് വർഷങ്ങളേറെ കഴിഞ്ഞു. ദശലക്ഷക്കണക്കിന് ആളുകൾക്കൊപ്പം വിലമതിക്കാനാവാത്ത ജീവിതം ബലിയർപ്പിച്ച് സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യമെന്ന സ്വപ്നം യാഥാർത്ഥ്യമാക്കിയ അദ്ദേഹം രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള കടമകളുടെ യഥാർത്ഥ അനുയായിയായിരുന്നു. ഇന്ത്യയുടെ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യത്തിനു ശേഷം, സമ്പന്നരും രാഷ്ട്രീയക്കാരും സ്വന്തം വികസനത്തിൽ മാത്രമാണ് ഏർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നത്, രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ വികസനത്തിലല്ല. ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് ഭരണത്തിൽ നിന്ന് നമ്മൾ സ്വതന്ത്രരായി എന്നത് ശരിയാണ്, എന്നിരുന്നാലും, അത്യാഗ്രഹം, കുറ്റകൃത്യം, അഴിമതി, നിരുത്തരവാദം, സാമൂഹിക പ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ, ബാലവേല, ദാരിദ്ര്യം, ക്രൂരത, തീവ്രവാദം, പെൺഭ്രൂണഹത്യ, ലിംഗ അസമത്വം, സ്ത്രീധനം-മരണങ്ങൾ, ആൾക്കൂട്ടം എന്നിവയിൽ നിന്ന് മുക്തമായിട്ടില്ല. ബലാത്സംഗവും മറ്റ് നിയമവിരുദ്ധ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളും.

ഗവൺമെന്റ് നിയമങ്ങൾ, നിയമങ്ങൾ, അധികാരങ്ങൾ, പ്രവൃത്തികൾ, പ്രചാരണങ്ങൾ അല്ലെങ്കിൽ പരിപാടികൾ എന്നിവ ഉണ്ടാക്കിയാൽ മാത്രം പോരാ, വാസ്തവത്തിൽ എല്ലാ നിയമവിരുദ്ധ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിൽ നിന്നും മുക്തരാകാൻ ഓരോ ഇന്ത്യൻ പൗരനും ഇവയെല്ലാം കർശനമായി പാലിക്കേണ്ടതുണ്ട്. എല്ലാവരുടെയും നന്മയ്ക്കായി ദാരിദ്ര്യം, ലിംഗ അസമത്വം, ബാലവേല, സ്ത്രീകൾക്കെതിരായ അതിക്രമങ്ങൾ, മറ്റ് സാമൂഹിക പ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ എന്നിവ ഇല്ലാതാക്കുന്നതിനൊപ്പം ഇന്ത്യൻ പൗരന്മാർ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള തങ്ങളുടെ കടമകൾ വിശ്വസ്തതയോടെ നിർവഹിക്കണം. രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ വികസനം ശരിയായ ദിശയിൽ മുന്നോട്ട് കൊണ്ടുപോകാൻ കഴിയുന്ന രാഷ്ട്രീയ നേതാവിനെ തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കാൻ ഇന്ത്യൻ പൗരന്മാർക്ക് അവകാശമുണ്ട്. അതിനാൽ, അവരുടെ ജീവിതത്തിലെ മോശം ആളുകളെ കുറ്റപ്പെടുത്താൻ അവർക്ക് അവകാശമില്ല. തങ്ങളുടെ രാഷ്ട്രീയ നേതാവിന് വോട്ട് ചെയ്യുമ്പോൾ അവർ കണ്ണുതുറക്കണം, അഴിമതിയിൽ നിന്ന് മുക്തനും രാജ്യത്തെ നയിക്കാൻ പ്രാപ്തനുമായ ഒരു നേതാവിനെ തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കണം.

യഥാർത്ഥ അർത്ഥത്തിൽ സ്വയം പര്യാപ്തരാകുന്നതിന് ഇന്ത്യയിലെ പൗരന്മാർക്ക് അവരുടെ രാജ്യത്തിനായുള്ള അവരുടെ കടമകൾ വ്യക്തിപരമായി നിർവഹിക്കേണ്ടത് ആവശ്യമാണ്. അച്ചടക്കവും കൃത്യനിഷ്ഠയും കൃത്യനിഷ്ഠയും കൃത്യനിഷ്ഠയും സത്യസന്ധവുമായ പൗരന്മാർ രാജ്യത്ത് ഉണ്ടായാലേ സാധ്യമാകൂ, രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ വികസനത്തിന് ഇവ വളരെ ആവശ്യമാണ്.

ഇന്ത്യൻ പൗരന്മാരുടെ വിവിധ തസ്തികകളുടെ ചുമതലകൾ – ഉപന്യാസം 3 (500 വാക്കുകൾ)

രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള പൗരന്മാരുടെ കടമകൾ

ഇന്ത്യൻ പൗരന്മാരുടെ വിവിധ തസ്തികകൾക്കുള്ള ഉത്തരവാദിത്തങ്ങൾ ഇനിപ്പറയുന്നവയാണ്:

• രക്ഷിതാക്കൾ: രാജ്യത്തോട് ഏറ്റവും ഉത്തരവാദിത്തമുള്ളത് മാതാപിതാക്കളാണ്, കാരണം രാജ്യത്തിന് നല്ലതും ചീത്തയുമായ ഒരു നേതാവിനെ നൽകുന്നതിനുള്ള പ്രധാന ഉറവിടം അവരാണ്. അവർ കുട്ടികളുടെ പ്രാഥമിക അടിസ്ഥാന വിദ്യാലയമാണ്, അതിനാൽ അവർ എല്ലായ്പ്പോഴും ശ്രദ്ധാലുവായിരിക്കണം, കാരണം രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ ഭാവി പരിപോഷിപ്പിക്കുന്നതിന് അവർ ഉത്തരവാദികളാണ്.

അത്യാഗ്രഹികളായ ചില മാതാപിതാക്കൾ (പാവപ്പെട്ടവരോ പണക്കാരോ ആകട്ടെ), ദാരിദ്ര്യം, ലിംഗ അസമത്വം, ബാലവേല, മോശം സാമൂഹിക-രാഷ്ട്രീയ നേതാക്കൾ, പെൺ ഭ്രൂണഹത്യ തുടങ്ങിയ സാമൂഹിക തിന്മകൾ നമ്മുടെ രാജ്യത്ത് ഇപ്പോഴും നിലനിൽക്കുന്നു. എല്ലാ മാതാപിതാക്കളും രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള അവരുടെ കടമകൾ മനസ്സിലാക്കുകയും അവരുടെ കുട്ടികളെ (പെൺകുട്ടിയായാലും ആൺകുട്ടിയായാലും) ശരിയായ വിദ്യാഭ്യാസത്തിനായി സ്‌കൂളിൽ അയയ്‌ക്കുകയും കുട്ടികളുടെ ആരോഗ്യം, ശുചിത്വം, ധാർമ്മിക വികസനം എന്നിവ ശ്രദ്ധിക്കുകയും വേണം, അവരെ നല്ല ശീലങ്ങളും പെരുമാറ്റങ്ങളും പഠിപ്പിക്കണം. , രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള അവരുടെ കടമകളും.

• അധ്യാപകൻ: തങ്ങളുടെ വിദ്യാർത്ഥികളെ നല്ലതും വിജയകരവുമായ പൗരന്മാരാക്കി രാജ്യത്തിന് നല്ല ഭാവി നൽകുന്ന രണ്ടാമത്തെ ഉറവിടമാണ് അധ്യാപകർ. അവർ തങ്ങളുടെ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള കടമ മനസ്സിലാക്കണം, അവരുടെ വിദ്യാർത്ഥികളിൽ (സമ്പന്ന-ദരിദ്ര, ബുദ്ധിയുള്ള- ശരാശരി വിദ്യാർത്ഥികൾ) ഒരിക്കലും വിവേചനം കാണിക്കരുത്. രാജ്യത്തിന് നല്ല നേതാവും ശോഭനമായ ഭാവിയും നൽകാൻ അവൻ തന്റെ എല്ലാ വിദ്യാർത്ഥികളെയും ഒരുപോലെ പഠിപ്പിക്കണം.
• ഡോക്‌ടർ: രോഗിക്ക് പുതുജീവൻ നൽകുന്ന ഡോക്ടറെ ദൈവത്തെപ്പോലെയാണ് കണക്കാക്കുന്നത്. അത്യാഗ്രഹികളായ ചില ഡോക്ടർമാരാൽ ഹൈടെക് ചികിത്സകൾ നാട്ടിൽ ലഭ്യമല്ല. രാജ്യത്തെ ദരിദ്രർക്ക് പോലും ഇത് വളരെ ചെലവേറിയതാണ്, അതിനാൽ അവ ശേഖരിക്കാൻ അവർക്ക് കഴിയുന്നില്ല. ചില സർക്കാർ ഡോക്ടർമാർ തങ്ങളുടെ ഡ്യൂട്ടി കൃത്യമായി ആശുപത്രികളിൽ നിർവഹിക്കാതെ സ്വന്തം സ്വകാര്യ ക്ലിനിക്കുകൾ തുറക്കുന്നു. രാജ്യത്തെ എല്ലാ ചെലവേറിയ ചികിത്സകളും മിതമായ നിരക്കിൽ എല്ലാ ആവശ്യക്കാർക്കും ലഭ്യമാക്കാനുള്ള തങ്ങളുടെ ഉത്തരവാദിത്തം അവർ മനസ്സിലാക്കണം. ഉന്നതവിദ്യാഭ്യാസത്തിന് ശേഷം വിദേശത്തേക്ക് പോകരുത്, എന്നിരുന്നാലും, സ്വന്തം രാജ്യത്ത് താമസിച്ച്, രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ മികച്ച വികസനത്തിനായി പ്രവർത്തിക്കണം.
• എഞ്ചിനീയർ (എൻജിനീയർ): രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ നിർമ്മാണ വികസന പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിൽ എഞ്ചിനീയർമാർ വളരെ ഉത്തരവാദിത്തമുള്ളവരാണ്. അവർ തങ്ങളുടെ അറിവും പ്രൊഫഷണൽ വൈദഗ്ധ്യവും ശരിയായ ദിശയിൽ രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ വികസനത്തിന് നല്ല രീതിയിൽ ഉപയോഗിക്കണം. അവർ അഴിമതിയിൽ ഏർപ്പെടരുത്, അവരുടെ ചുമതലകളിൽ വിശ്വസ്തരായിരിക്കണം.
• രാഷ്ട്രീയക്കാർ: ഒരു രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ നിലവാരം രാജ്യത്തെ രാഷ്ട്രീയക്കാരെ ആശ്രയിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു. ഒരു രാഷ്ട്രീയക്കാരൻ (അത്യാഗ്രഹിയോ അഴിമതിയിൽ ഏർപ്പെടാത്തവനോ) രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ വികസനത്തിൽ തന്റെ വിവിധ മഹത്തായ പങ്ക് വഹിക്കുന്നു, അതേസമയം അഴിമതിക്കാരനായ ഒരു രാഷ്ട്രീയക്കാരന് രാജ്യത്തെ നശിപ്പിക്കാൻ കഴിയും. അതിനാൽ, ഒരു രാഷ്ട്രീയക്കാരൻ തന്റെ കടമകൾ മനസ്സിലാക്കുകയും രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള തന്റെ കടമകൾ സത്യസന്ധമായി നിർവഹിക്കുകയും വേണം.
• പോലീസ് കോൺസ്റ്റബിൾസ്: രാജ്യത്തുടനീളം സുരക്ഷയും സമാധാനവും സൗഹാർദ്ദവും നിലനിർത്തുന്നതിന് നഗര, സംസ്ഥാന, ദേശീയ തലങ്ങളിൽ വിവിധ സ്ഥലങ്ങളിൽ പോലീസിനെ നിയമിക്കുന്നു. അവൻ ജനങ്ങളുടെ പ്രതീക്ഷയാണ്, അതിനാൽ അവൻ തന്റെ രാജ്യത്തോടും ജനങ്ങളോടും വിശ്വസ്തനായിരിക്കണം.
• വ്യവസായി അല്ലെങ്കിൽ വ്യവസായി: ഒരു വ്യവസായിയുടെ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള പ്രധാന കടമ വിദേശത്തല്ല, രാജ്യത്ത് പരമാവധി തൊഴിൽ നൽകുകയും തന്റെ രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ സാമ്പത്തിക വളർച്ചാ നിരക്ക് വർദ്ധിപ്പിക്കുകയും അതോടൊപ്പം രാജ്യത്തെ ദാരിദ്ര്യം തുടച്ചുനീക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള ശ്രമങ്ങൾ നടത്തുകയും ചെയ്യുക എന്നതാണ്. ഒരുതരത്തിലുള്ള അഴിമതിയിലും കള്ളക്കടത്തിലും അവർ ഉൾപ്പെടരുത്.
• കളിക്കാർ: കളിക്കാർ അവരുടെ കളിയോടും രാജ്യത്തോടും വിശ്വസ്തത പുലർത്തണം, രാജ്യത്തെ യുവാക്കളുടെ മാതൃകയായതിനാൽ ഒരു തരത്തിലുള്ള അഴിമതിയിലും ഒത്തുകളിയിലും ഏർപ്പെടരുത്.
• സാധാരണ പൗരൻ (ആം-ആദ്മി): സാധാരണ മനുഷ്യൻ പലവിധത്തിൽ രാജ്യത്തിന് ഉത്തരവാദിയാണ്. തങ്ങളുടെ ആത്മാർത്ഥമായ കടമകൾ മനസ്സിലാക്കി രാജ്യത്തെ നേർവഴിയിൽ നയിക്കാൻ കഴിയുന്ന ഒരു നല്ല നേതാവിനെ തെരഞ്ഞെടുക്കണം. അവർ അവരുടെ വീടും ചുറ്റുപാടും വൃത്തിയും ശുചിത്വവും പാലിക്കണം, അതിലൂടെ അവരുടെ കുടുംബം ആരോഗ്യകരവും സന്തോഷകരവും രോഗമുക്തവുമായിരിക്കും. അവർ അച്ചടക്കവും കൃത്യനിഷ്ഠയും അവരുടെ തൊഴിലിനോട് കടമയും പാലിക്കണം.

എന്റെ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള എന്റെ കടമ എന്താണ് – ഉപന്യാസം 4 (600 വാക്കുകൾ)

ഒരു വ്യക്തി തന്റെ ജീവിതത്തിൽ തനിക്കും കുടുംബത്തിനും മാതാപിതാക്കൾക്കും കുട്ടികൾക്കും ഭാര്യയ്ക്കും ഭർത്താവിനും അയൽക്കാർക്കും സമൂഹത്തിനും സമൂഹത്തിനും ഏറ്റവും പ്രധാനമായി രാജ്യത്തിനും വേണ്ടി നിരവധി കടമകൾ വഹിക്കുന്നു. രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള ഒരു വ്യക്തിയുടെ കടമകൾ അതിന്റെ അന്തസ്സും ശോഭനമായ ഭാവിയും നിലനിർത്താനും ക്ഷേമത്തിലേക്ക് നയിക്കാനും വളരെ പ്രധാനമാണ്.

ഇവിടെ ജനിച്ചതിനാൽ ഞാനൊരു ഇന്ത്യൻ പൗരനാണ്. രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ ഉത്തരവാദിത്തമുള്ള ഒരു പൗരനെന്ന നിലയിൽ, എന്റെ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള നിരവധി കടമകൾ ഞാൻ പാലിക്കുന്നു, അവയെല്ലാം നിറവേറ്റേണ്ടതുണ്ട്. എന്റെ രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ വികസനവുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട വിവിധ വശങ്ങളുടെ ചുമതലകൾ ഞാൻ നിർവഹിക്കണം.

എന്താണ് ചുമതലകൾ

രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ പുരോഗതിക്കും മഹത്തായ വികസനത്തിനും വേണ്ടി ഓരോരുത്തരും വ്യക്തിപരമായി അനുദിനം ചെയ്യേണ്ട ചുമതലകളോ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളോ ആണ് കർത്തവ്യങ്ങൾ. തങ്ങളുടെ കർത്തവ്യങ്ങൾ വിശ്വസ്തതയോടെ നിർവഹിക്കേണ്ടത് ഓരോ ഇന്ത്യൻ പൗരന്റെയും ഉത്തരവാദിത്തമാണ്, അത് രാജ്യത്തിന് ആവശ്യമായ ആവശ്യം കൂടിയാണ്.

രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള എന്റെ കടമ എന്താണ്

ഒരു രാജ്യത്തെ പൗരൻ താൻ മാത്രമല്ല, അവന്റെ / അവളുടെ പൂർവ്വികരും ആ രാജ്യത്ത് ഏതാണ്ട് മുഴുവൻ ജീവിതവും ചെലവഴിച്ച ആളാണ്, അതിനാൽ ഓരോ രാജ്യത്തിനും ചില കടമകൾ കൂടിയുണ്ട്. വ്യത്യസ്ത അംഗങ്ങൾ ഒരുമിച്ച് താമസിക്കുന്ന ഒരു വീടിന്റെ ഉദാഹരണം എടുക്കാം, എന്നിരുന്നാലും, കുടുംബത്തിന്റെ നല്ലതും സമാധാനപരവുമായ ജീവിതത്തിനായി മൂത്ത അംഗം ഉണ്ടാക്കിയ എല്ലാ നിയമങ്ങളും ചട്ടങ്ങളും ഓരോ ഗൃഹനാഥനും പാലിക്കുന്നു. അതുപോലെ, നാടിന്റെ വികസനത്തിനായി സർക്കാർ ഉണ്ടാക്കിയ ചില നിയമങ്ങളും നിയമങ്ങളും പാലിക്കേണ്ടതുണ്ടെങ്കിലും വിവിധ മതങ്ങളിൽപ്പെട്ടവർ ഒരുമിച്ച് താമസിക്കുന്ന നമ്മുടെ നാടും നമ്മുടെ വീട് പോലെയാണ്. രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ കർത്തവ്യങ്ങളോട് വിശ്വസ്തരായ പൗരന്മാരുടെ ലക്ഷ്യം എല്ലാ സാമൂഹിക പ്രശ്നങ്ങളും ഇല്ലാതാക്കി രാജ്യത്തെ വികസ്വര രാജ്യങ്ങളുടെ വിഭാഗത്തിലേക്ക് കൊണ്ടുവരിക, രാജ്യത്ത് യഥാർത്ഥ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം കൊണ്ടുവരിക എന്നതാണ്.

സർക്കാർ അല്ലെങ്കിൽ സ്വകാര്യ മേഖലാ ഓഫീസുകളിൽ, കൃത്യസമയത്ത് ജോലി ചെയ്യുന്ന ജീവനക്കാർ സമയം കളയാതെ വിശ്വസ്തതയോടെ അവരുടെ കർത്തവ്യങ്ങൾ നിർവഹിക്കണം, കാരണം “സമയം പാഴാക്കിയാൽ സമയം നമ്മെ പാഴാക്കും” എന്ന് ഈ സന്ദർഭത്തിൽ ശരിയായി പറഞ്ഞിരിക്കുന്നു. സമയം ആർക്കുവേണ്ടിയും കാത്തുനിൽക്കുന്നില്ല, അത് തുടർച്ചയായി പ്രവർത്തിക്കുന്നു, സമയത്തിൽ നിന്ന് പഠിക്കണം. നമ്മുടെ ലക്ഷ്യത്തിലെത്തുന്നത് വരെ നമ്മൾ നിർത്തരുത്. നമ്മുടെ ജീവിതത്തിന്റെ ഏറ്റവും പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട ലക്ഷ്യം നമ്മുടെ രാജ്യത്തെ യഥാർത്ഥ അർത്ഥത്തിൽ മഹത്തരമാക്കുക എന്നതാണ്.

നാം സ്വാർത്ഥരായിരിക്കരുത്, നമ്മുടെ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള നമ്മുടെ കടമകൾ മനസ്സിലാക്കണം. പ്രയോജനം നേടാനും ചൂഷണം ചെയ്യാനും കഴിയുന്നത് മറ്റാരുമല്ല, നമുക്ക് മാത്രമാണ്. നമ്മുടെ ഓരോ പ്രവൃത്തിയും നമ്മെ പോസിറ്റീവായും പ്രതികൂലമായും ബാധിക്കുന്നു (നമ്മൾ നല്ല പ്രവൃത്തികൾ ചെയ്താൽ നമുക്ക് പ്രയോജനം ലഭിക്കും, നെഗറ്റീവ് കാര്യങ്ങൾ ചെയ്താൽ ചൂഷണം ചെയ്യപ്പെടും). അതുകൊണ്ട്, നമ്മുടെ സ്വന്തം നാട്ടിൽ ചൂഷണത്തിന് വിധേയരാകുന്നതിൽ നിന്ന് നമ്മെത്തന്നെ രക്ഷിക്കാൻ, ഇന്ന് മുതൽ ശരിയായ ദിശയിലേക്ക് ഓരോ ചുവടും പോസിറ്റീവായി എടുക്കുമെന്ന് എന്തുകൊണ്ട് ഇന്ന് പ്രതിജ്ഞയെടുത്തുകൂടാ. നമ്മുടെ രാജ്യത്തിന് അനുയോജ്യമായ നേതാവിനെ തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കാനും അത് ഭരിക്കാനും നമുക്ക് അവകാശമുണ്ട്. അപ്പോൾ നമ്മൾ എന്തിന് മറ്റുള്ളവരെയും നേതാക്കളെയും കുറ്റപ്പെടുത്തണം, നമ്മൾ നമ്മളെ മാത്രം കുറ്റപ്പെടുത്തണം, മറ്റുള്ളവരെ കുറ്റപ്പെടുത്തരുത്, കാരണം നമ്മുടെ ചുമതലകൾ ആവശ്യപ്പെട്ടത് പോലെ ചെയ്യാത്തത് നമ്മളാണ്. ഞങ്ങൾ ഞങ്ങളുടെ സ്വന്തം ദിനചര്യയിൽ മാത്രം ഏർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നു, മറ്റുള്ളവരുടെ ജീവിതത്തിൽ, പാഠ്യേതര പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിൽ ഏർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നു. രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ രാഷ്ട്രീയ കാര്യങ്ങളും മറ്റും ശ്രദ്ധിച്ചിരുന്നില്ല. നമ്മുടെ രാജ്യം ഇപ്പോഴും വികസ്വര രാജ്യങ്ങളുടെ വിഭാഗത്തിലാണ്, വികസിത രാജ്യങ്ങളുടെ വിഭാഗത്തിലല്ല എന്നത് നമ്മുടെ തെറ്റാണ്.

ഇതൊരു വലിയ പ്രശ്‌നമാണ്, നമ്മൾ ഇത് നിസ്സാരമായി കാണേണ്ടതില്ല. നാം അത്യാഗ്രഹികളും സ്വാർത്ഥരും ആയിരിക്കരുത്; ആരോഗ്യകരവും സമാധാനപരവുമായ ജീവിതം നയിക്കാൻ നമ്മളെയും മറ്റുള്ളവരെയും അനുവദിക്കണം. നമ്മുടെ രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ ശോഭനമായ ഭാവി നമ്മുടെ കൈകളിലാണ്. സ്വയം മാറാൻ ഇനിയും സമയമുണ്ട്, നമുക്ക് നന്നായി ചെയ്യാൻ കഴിയും. തുറന്ന കണ്ണുകളോടെ ജീവിതം ആരംഭിക്കുക, നിങ്ങളുടെ രാജ്യത്തോടുള്ള നിങ്ങളുടെ കടമകൾ നിറവേറ്റുക. നമ്മുടെ ഹൃദയവും ശരീരവും മനസ്സും ചുറ്റുപാടുമുള്ള എല്ലാ സ്ഥലങ്ങളും വൃത്തിയാക്കിക്കൊണ്ട് പുതിയതും നല്ലതുമായ തുടക്കം കുറിക്കണം.

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देशातील कोणत्याही व्यक्तीची कर्तव्ये म्हणजे त्याच्या/तिच्या सर्व वयोगटांप्रती असलेल्या त्या जबाबदाऱ्या ज्या त्यांना त्यांच्या देशाप्रती आहेत. देशाप्रती असलेली आपली कर्तव्ये समजून घेणे आणि दैनंदिन जीवनात त्याचा समावेश करणे हा प्रत्येक भारतीय नागरिकाचा जन्मसिद्ध हक्क असला तरी देशाप्रती असलेल्या आपल्या जबाबदाऱ्या पार पाडण्यासाठी आपल्याला आठवण करून देण्याची विशेष वेळ नाही.

मराठीत माझ्या देशाविषयी माझ्या कर्तव्यावर लघु आणि दीर्घ निबंध

जबाबदार नागरिकाची कर्तव्ये – निबंध 1 (300 शब्द).

भारत हा धार्मिक, सांस्कृतिक आणि पारंपारिक देश आहे आणि विविधतेतील एकतेसाठी प्रसिद्ध आहे. तथापि, विकासासाठी स्वच्छतेसाठी, भ्रष्टाचार, सामाजिक संघर्ष, महिलांवरील गुन्हे, गरिबी, प्रदूषण, ग्लोबल वॉर्मिंग इत्यादींसाठी नागरिकांच्या अधिक प्रयत्नांची आवश्यकता आहे. सरकारला ओरडून दोष देण्यापेक्षा लोकांनी देशाप्रती असलेले कर्तव्य समजून घेतले पाहिजे. देशाच्या वाढीसाठी आणि विकासासाठी प्रत्येकाची वैयक्तिक जबाबदारी आहे. “हजार मैलांचा प्रवास एका पावलाने सुरू होतो” ही ​​लाओन तुझची प्रसिद्ध म्हण लोकांनी कधीही विसरू नये . प्रत्येकाने आपल्या मूलभूत कर्तव्यांची जाणीव ठेवून त्याकडे दुर्लक्ष न करता त्यांचे पालन केले पाहिजे. देशाचे चांगले आणि जबाबदार नागरिक म्हणून प्रत्येकाने आपली कर्तव्ये निष्ठेने पार पाडली पाहिजेत जसे की:

• सरकारने केलेले सर्व नियम आणि कायदे लोकांनी पाळले पाहिजेत. त्यांनी अधिकार्‍यांचा आदर केला पाहिजे आणि कोणतेही नियम मोडू नयेत तसेच इतरांनाही ते करण्यास प्रेरित करू नये.
• त्यांनी स्वत:वरील कोणताही गुन्हा खपवून घेऊ नये आणि भ्रष्टाचाराविरुद्ध आवाज उठवला पाहिजे. समाजाचे नकारात्मक प्रभावापासून संरक्षण करताना त्यांनी त्यांची सर्व नागरी आणि सामाजिक कर्तव्ये पार पाडली पाहिजेत.
• त्यांनी गरजू लोकांना उपाय द्यावा, शहाणपणाने मतदान करावे आणि त्यांचे सर्व कर वेळेवर भरावेत.
• समाजाच्या हितासाठी त्यांनी आर.टी.आय. आणि R.T.E. अशा कृत्यांची मदत घेतली पाहिजे.
• प्रत्येकाने आपल्या सभोवतालची स्वच्छता ठेवण्यासाठी स्वच्छता मोहिमेत सहभागी व्हावे. त्यांनी मुलांना टाकाऊ वस्तू डस्टबिनमध्ये टाकायला आणि सार्वजनिक वस्तूंची काळजी घ्यायला शिकवली पाहिजे.
• जे लोक सक्षम आहेत त्यांनी गॅसची सबसिडी सोडून द्यावी.
• प्रत्येकाने देश आणि देशबांधवांशी प्रामाणिक आणि निष्ठावान असले पाहिजे. त्यांच्यात एकमेकांबद्दल आदराची भावना असली पाहिजे आणि देशाच्या कल्याणासाठी बनवलेल्या सामाजिक आणि आर्थिक धोरणांचाही आदर केला पाहिजे.
• लोकांनी आपल्या मुलांना शिक्षणात गुंतवून त्यांच्या आरोग्याची आणि बालपणाची काळजी घ्यावी. त्यांनी आपल्या मुलांना बालमजुरी व इतर गुन्हे करण्यास भाग पाडू नये.
• लोकांनी आपला देश जगातील सर्वोत्तम देश बनवण्याचा प्रयत्न केला पाहिजे.

एक नागरिक म्हणून देशाप्रती माझे कर्तव्य – निबंध २ (४०० शब्द)

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कोणत्याही व्यक्तीची कर्तव्ये ही त्या जबाबदाऱ्या असतात ज्या त्याने वैयक्तिकरित्या पार पाडल्या पाहिजेत. समाज, समाज किंवा देशात राहणारा नागरिक, देश, समाज किंवा समाजाप्रती अनेक कर्तव्ये आणि जबाबदाऱ्या असतात, ज्या त्याला योग्य रीतीने पार पाडायच्या असतात. लोकांनी चांगुलपणावर विश्वास ठेवला पाहिजे आणि देशाप्रती असलेल्या महत्त्वाच्या कर्तव्यांकडे कधीही दुर्लक्ष करू नये.

देशाचा नागरिक म्हणून देशाप्रती माझे कर्तव्य आहे

अनेक महान स्वातंत्र्यसैनिकांच्या बलिदानाने आणि संघर्षाने मिळालेल्या ब्रिटिश राजवटीतून आपल्या देशाला स्वातंत्र्य मिळून अनेक वर्षे उलटून गेली आहेत. लाखो लोकांसह आपल्या अमुल्य प्राणाची आहुती देऊन स्वातंत्र्याचे स्वप्न साकार करणारे ते देशाप्रती कर्तव्याचे खरे अनुयायी होते. भारताच्या स्वातंत्र्यानंतर, श्रीमंत लोक आणि राजकारणी देशाच्या विकासात नाही तर केवळ स्वतःच्या विकासात गुंतले होते. इंग्रजांच्या राजवटीतून आपण मुक्त झालो हे खरे असले तरी लोभ, गुन्हेगारी, भ्रष्टाचार, बेजबाबदारपणा, सामाजिक प्रश्न, बालमजुरी, गरिबी, क्रूरता, दहशतवाद, स्त्री-भ्रूणहत्या, स्त्री-पुरुष असमानता, हुंडाबळी, सामूहिक अत्याचार यापासून आजपर्यंत मुक्त नाही. बलात्कार आणि इतर बेकायदेशीर क्रियाकलाप.

सरकारने केवळ नियम, कायदे, अधिकारी, कायदे, मोहिमा किंवा कार्यक्रम करणे पुरेसे नाही, खरे तर या सर्वांचे काटेकोरपणे पालन प्रत्येक भारतीय नागरिकाने सर्व बेकायदेशीर कामांपासून मुक्त होण्यासाठी केले पाहिजे. भारतीय नागरिकांनी सर्वांच्या भल्यासाठी गरिबी, लैंगिक असमानता, बालमजुरी, महिलांवरील अत्याचार आणि इतर सामाजिक समस्यांच्या निर्मूलनासह देशाप्रती आपले कर्तव्य निष्ठेने पार पाडले पाहिजे. भारतीय नागरिकांना आपला राजकीय नेता निवडण्याचा अधिकार आहे जो देशाचा विकास योग्य दिशेने पुढे नेऊ शकेल. त्यामुळे त्यांच्या जीवनातील वाईट लोकांना दोष देण्याचा त्यांना अधिकार नाही. त्यांनी आपल्या राजकीय नेत्याला मतदान करताना डोळे उघडे ठेवून भ्रष्ट मानसिकतेपासून मुक्त आणि देशाचे नेतृत्व करण्यास सक्षम असा नेता निवडावा.

    निष्कर्ष    

खर्‍या अर्थाने स्वावलंबी होण्यासाठी भारतातील नागरिकांनी त्यांच्या देशासाठी वैयक्तिकरित्या कर्तव्य बजावणे आवश्यक आहे. देशाच्या विकासासाठी हे अत्यंत आवश्यक आहेत जे जेव्हा देशात शिस्तबद्ध, वक्तशीर, कर्तव्यदक्ष आणि प्रामाणिक नागरिक असतील तेव्हाच ते शक्य होईल.

भारतीय नागरिकांच्या विविध पदांची कर्तव्ये – निबंध ३ (५०० शब्द)

देशाप्रती नागरिकांची कर्तव्ये

भारतीय नागरिकांच्या विविध पदांसाठी खालील जबाबदाऱ्या आहेत:

• पालक: पालक हे देशासाठी सर्वात जास्त जबाबदार असतात कारण ते देशासाठी चांगले आणि वाईट नेते देण्याचे मुख्य स्त्रोत असतात. त्या मुलांची प्राथमिक प्राथमिक शाळा आहेत, म्हणून त्यांनी नेहमीच लक्ष दिले पाहिजे कारण देशाच्या भविष्याचे पालनपोषण करण्याची जबाबदारी त्यांच्यावर आहे.

काही लोभी पालकांमुळे (गरीब असो वा श्रीमंत), आपल्या देशात आजही गरिबी, लैंगिक असमानता, बालमजुरी, वाईट सामाजिक आणि राजकीय नेते, स्त्री भ्रूणहत्या यासारख्या सामाजिक दुष्कृत्ये अस्तित्वात आहेत आणि त्यामुळे देशाचे भवितव्य उदासीन आहे. सर्व पालकांनी आपले देशाप्रती असलेले कर्तव्य समजून घेऊन आपल्या मुलांना (मग ती मुलगी असो वा मुलगा) योग्य शिक्षणासाठी शाळेत पाठवायला हवे, तसेच मुलांच्या आरोग्याची, स्वच्छता आणि नैतिक विकासाची काळजी घेणे, त्यांना चांगल्या सवयी, शिष्टाचार शिकवले पाहिजेत. , आणि देशाप्रती त्यांची कर्तव्ये.

• शिक्षक: आपल्या विद्यार्थ्यांना चांगले आणि यशस्वी नागरिक बनवून देशाला चांगले भविष्य देण्यासाठी शिक्षक हे दुसरे स्त्रोत आहेत. त्यांनी त्यांच्या देशाप्रती असलेले त्यांचे कर्तव्य समजून घेतले पाहिजे आणि त्यांच्या विद्यार्थ्यांमध्ये (श्रीमंत-गरीब, हुशार- सरासरी विद्यार्थी) कधीही भेदभाव करू नये. देशाला चांगला नेता आणि उज्ज्वल भवितव्य देण्यासाठी त्यांनी आपल्या सर्व विद्यार्थ्यांना समान शिकवले पाहिजे.
• डॉक्टर: डॉक्टर रुग्णाला देवासारखा मानला जातो कारण तो रुग्णाला नवजीवन देतो. काही लोभी डॉक्टरांमुळे देशात हायटेक उपचार उपलब्ध नाहीत. जे देशातील गरीब आणि मध्यमवर्गीय लोकांसाठी देखील खूप महाग आहे, म्हणून ते ते गोळा करण्यास सक्षम नाहीत. काही सरकारी डॉक्टर हॉस्पिटलमध्ये आपले कर्तव्य नीट पार पाडत नाहीत आणि स्वतःचे खाजगी दवाखाने उघडतात. देशातील सर्व महागडे उपचार सर्व गरजूंना परवडणाऱ्या किमतीत उपलब्ध करून देण्याची जबाबदारी त्यांनी समजून घेतली पाहिजे. त्यांनी उच्च शिक्षणानंतर परदेशात जाऊ नये, मात्र स्वत:च्या देशात राहून त्यांनी देशाच्या विकासासाठी काम केले पाहिजे.
• अभियंता (अभियंता): देशाच्या बांधकाम विकास कामासाठी अभियंते खूप जबाबदार असतात. त्यांनी आपले ज्ञान आणि व्यावसायिक कौशल्य तंत्राचा योग्य दिशेने देशाच्या विकासासाठी सकारात्मक पद्धतीने वापर करावा. त्यांनी भ्रष्टाचार करू नये आणि कर्तव्याशी एकनिष्ठ राहावे.
• राजकारणी: देशाची पातळी त्या देशातील राजकारण्यांवर अवलंबून असते. एक राजकारणी (जो लोभी नाही किंवा भ्रष्टाचारात गुंतलेला नाही) देशाच्या विकासात आपली विविध महान भूमिका बजावतो तर एक भ्रष्ट राजकारणी देशाचा नाश करू शकतो. त्यामुळे राजकारण्याने आपले कर्तव्य समजून देशाप्रती आपले कर्तव्य प्रामाणिकपणे पार पाडले पाहिजे.
• पोलीस हवालदार: संपूर्ण देशात सुरक्षा, शांतता आणि सद्भावना राखण्यासाठी शहर, राज्य आणि राष्ट्रीय स्तरावर विविध ठिकाणी पोलीस नियुक्त केले जातात. तो लोकांची आशा आहे, म्हणून त्याने आपल्या देशाशी आणि लोकांशी एकनिष्ठ असले पाहिजे.
• उद्योगपती किंवा उद्योगपती: आपल्या देशाप्रती व्यावसायिकाचे मुख्य कर्तव्य हे आहे की परदेशात नव्हे तर देशात जास्तीत जास्त रोजगार उपलब्ध करून देणे आणि आपल्या देशाचा आर्थिक विकास दर वाढवणे तसेच देशातील गरिबी हटविण्यासाठी प्रयत्न करणे. त्यांचा कोणत्याही प्रकारचा भ्रष्टाचार आणि तस्करीत सहभाग नसावा.
• खेळाडू: खेळाडूंनी त्यांच्या खेळावर आणि देशाप्रती निष्ठा असली पाहिजे आणि त्यांनी कोणत्याही प्रकारचा भ्रष्टाचार किंवा मॅच फिक्सिंग करू नये कारण ते देशातील तरुणांचे आदर्श आहेत.
• सामान्य नागरिक (आम-आदमी): सामान्य माणूस विविध प्रकारे देशासाठी जबाबदार असतो. त्यांनी आपले प्रामाणिक कर्तव्य समजून घेऊन देशाचे नेतृत्व करण्यासाठी एक चांगला नेता निवडला पाहिजे जो देशाला योग्य दिशेने नेऊ शकेल. त्यांनी त्यांचे घर तसेच त्यांचा परिसर स्वच्छ आणि स्वच्छ ठेवला पाहिजे जेणेकरून त्यांचे कुटुंब निरोगी, आनंदी आणि रोगमुक्त होईल. ते शिस्तबद्ध, वक्तशीर आणि त्यांच्या व्यवसायाप्रती कर्तव्यदक्ष असले पाहिजेत.

माझ्या देशाबद्दल माझे कर्तव्य काय आहे – निबंध 4 (600 शब्द)

एखादी व्यक्ती आपल्या जीवनात स्वतः, कुटुंब, आई-वडील, मुले, पत्नी, पती, शेजारी, समाज, समाज आणि मुख्य म्हणजे देशाप्रती अनेक कर्तव्ये पार पाडते. देशाप्रती व्यक्तीची कर्तव्ये, त्याची प्रतिष्ठा, उज्ज्वल भविष्य टिकवून ठेवण्यासाठी आणि त्याला कल्याणाकडे नेणे खूप महत्त्वाचे आहे.

मी इथे जन्माला आल्यामुळे मी भारतीय नागरिक आहे. देशाचा एक जबाबदार नागरिक या नात्याने मी माझ्या देशाप्रती अनेक कर्तव्ये पाळतो जी सर्वांनी पार पाडली पाहिजेत. माझ्या देशाच्या विकासाशी संबंधित विविध पैलूंची कर्तव्ये मी पार पाडली पाहिजेत.

कर्तव्ये काय आहेत

कर्तव्ये ही अशी कार्ये किंवा क्रियाकलाप आहेत जी प्रत्येकाने वैयक्तिकरित्या देशाच्या सुधारणेसाठी आणि अधिक विकासासाठी दररोज केली पाहिजेत. आपले कर्तव्य निष्ठेने पार पाडणे ही प्रत्येक भारतीय नागरिकाची जबाबदारी आहे आणि ती देशासाठी आवश्यक मागणीही आहे.

देशासाठी माझे कर्तव्य काय आहे

देशाचा नागरिक असा आहे की ज्याने केवळ स्वतःच नाही तर त्याच्या/तिच्या पूर्वजांनीही जवळजवळ संपूर्ण आयुष्य त्या देशात घालवले आहे, म्हणून प्रत्येक राष्ट्रासाठी काही कर्तव्ये आहेत. आपण अशा घराचे उदाहरण घेऊ जेथे वेगवेगळे सदस्य एकत्र राहतात, तथापि, प्रत्येक घराचा प्रमुख घरातील चांगल्या आणि शांत जीवनासाठी सर्वात मोठ्या सदस्याने बनवलेले सर्व नियम आणि नियम पाळतो. त्याचप्रमाणे आपला देशही आपल्या घरासारखा आहे ज्यामध्ये विविध धर्माचे लोक एकत्र राहतात, तरीही त्यांनी देशाच्या विकासासाठी सरकारने केलेले काही नियम आणि कायदे पाळणे आवश्यक आहे. देशाच्या कर्तव्याशी एकनिष्ठ असलेल्या नागरिकांचा उद्देश सर्व सामाजिक समस्या दूर करून देशाला विकसनशील देशांच्या श्रेणीत आणणे, देशात खरे स्वातंत्र्य आणणे हा आहे.

सरकारी किंवा खाजगी क्षेत्रातील कार्यालयात वेळेवर काम करणाऱ्या कर्मचाऱ्यांनी वेळ न घालवता निष्ठेने कर्तव्य बजावले पाहिजे कारण ‘आपण वेळ वाया घालवला तर वेळ वाया घालवेल’ असे या संदर्भात बरोबर म्हटले आहे. वेळ कोणाचीही वाट पाहत नाही, ती सतत धावते आणि आपण काळापासून शिकले पाहिजे. आपण आपले ध्येय गाठेपर्यंत थांबू नये. आपला देश खर्‍या अर्थाने महान बनवणे हे आपल्या जीवनाचे सर्वात महत्त्वाचे उद्दिष्ट आहे.

आपण स्वार्थी नसून देशाप्रती आपले कर्तव्य समजून घेतले पाहिजे. केवळ आपणच आहोत, इतर कोणीही नाही, ज्याचा फायदा आणि शोषण देखील होऊ शकतो. आपल्या प्रत्येक कृतीचा आपल्यावर सकारात्मक आणि नकारात्मक प्रभाव पडतो (जर आपण सकारात्मक कृती केली तर आपल्याला फायदा होईल आणि जर आपण नकारात्मक गोष्टी केल्या तर आपले शोषण होईल). त्यामुळे आजच प्रतिज्ञा का घेऊ नये की आपल्याच देशात शोषण होण्यापासून वाचवायचे असेल तर आजपासून आपण सकारात्मकतेने योग्य दिशेने प्रत्येक पाऊल टाकू. आपल्या देशासाठी योग्य नेता निवडण्याचा आणि त्यावर राज्य करण्याचा अधिकार आपल्यालाच आहे. मग आपण इतरांना आणि नेत्यांना दोष का द्यायचा, आपण फक्त स्वतःला दोष द्यावा, इतरांना नाही कारण आपणच आपले कर्तव्य बजावले नाही. आम्ही फक्त आमच्या स्वतःच्या दिनचर्येत गुंतलो होतो आणि इतरांच्या जीवनात, अतिरिक्त क्रियाकलापांमध्ये गुंतलो होतो, देशाच्या राजकीय घडामोडी वगैरेंची पर्वा केली नाही. आपला देश अजूनही विकसनशील देशांच्या श्रेणीत आहे, विकसित देशांच्या श्रेणीत नाही, ही आपली चूक आहे.

ही एक मोठी समस्या आहे आणि आपण ती हलक्यात घेऊ नये. आपण लोभी आणि स्वार्थी नसावे; आपण स्वतःला आणि इतरांना निरोगी आणि शांत जीवन जगू दिले पाहिजे. आपल्या देशाचे उज्ज्वल भविष्य आपल्या हातात आहे. अजून वेळ आहे स्वतःला बदलायला, आपण अधिक चांगले करू शकतो. उघड्या डोळ्यांनी आयुष्य जगा आणि देशाप्रती असलेली तुमची कर्तव्ये पूर्ण करा. आपले हृदय, शरीर, मन आणि आजूबाजूचा परिसर स्वच्छ करून आपण नवीन आणि चांगली सुरुवात केली पाहिजे.

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ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੇ ਕਰਤੱਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਹਰ ਉਮਰ ਵਰਗ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਉਹ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀਆਂ ਜੋ ਉਸ ਦੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਹਨ। ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਆਪਣੀਆਂ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀਆਂ ਨਿਭਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਸਾਨੂੰ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਾਉਣ ਦਾ ਕੋਈ ਖਾਸ ਸਮਾਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ, ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਅਤੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਰੋਜ਼ਾਨਾ ਦੇ ਕੰਮਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਕਰਨਾ ਹਰ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਦਾ ਜਨਮ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਹੈ।

ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੇਰੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਮੇਰੀ ਡਿਊਟੀ ਬਾਰੇ ਛੋਟਾ ਅਤੇ ਲੰਮਾ ਲੇਖ

ਇੱਕ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਦੇ ਫਰਜ਼ – ਲੇਖ 1 (300 ਸ਼ਬਦ).

ਭਾਰਤ ਇੱਕ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ, ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ ਅਤੇ ਪਰੰਪਰਾਗਤ ਦੇਸ਼ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਅਨੇਕਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਏਕਤਾ ਲਈ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਹੈ। ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ, ਇਸਨੂੰ ਵਿਕਾਸ, ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ, ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ਾਂ, ਔਰਤਾਂ ਵਿਰੁੱਧ ਅਪਰਾਧ, ਗਰੀਬੀ, ਪ੍ਰਦੂਸ਼ਣ, ਗਲੋਬਲ ਵਾਰਮਿੰਗ ਆਦਿ ਨੂੰ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਆਪਣੇ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਹੋਰ ਯਤਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਹੈ। ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਰਕਾਰ ‘ਤੇ ਰੌਲਾ ਪਾਉਣ ਅਤੇ ਦੋਸ਼ ਲਗਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਬਜਾਏ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਆਪਣਾ ਫਰਜ਼ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਲਈ ਹਰੇਕ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਨਿੱਜੀ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰ ਹੈ। ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਲਾਓਨ ਤੁਜ਼ ਦੀ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਕਹਾਵਤ ਨੂੰ ਕਦੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਭੁੱਲਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ , “ਹਜ਼ਾਰ ਮੀਲ ਦੀ ਯਾਤਰਾ ਇੱਕ ਕਦਮ ਨਾਲ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ” । ਹਰ ਕਿਸੇ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਮੌਲਿਕ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਸੁਚੇਤ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਜ਼ਰਅੰਦਾਜ਼ ਕੀਤੇ ਬਿਨਾਂ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਪਾਲਣਾ ਕਰਨੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ। ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਚੰਗੇ ਅਤੇ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਹੋਣ ਦੇ ਨਾਤੇ, ਹਰੇਕ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਨਿਭਾਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਵੇਂ ਕਿ:

• ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਰਕਾਰ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਬਣਾਏ ਸਾਰੇ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਕਾਨੂੰਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਪਾਲਣਾ ਕਰਨੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਅਧਿਕਾਰੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਸਤਿਕਾਰ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਨਿਯਮ ਨੂੰ ਤੋੜਨਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਅਤੇ ਨਾਲ ਹੀ ਦੂਜਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਵੀ ਅਜਿਹਾ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
• ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਵਿਰੁੱਧ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਅਪਰਾਧ ਨੂੰ ਬਰਦਾਸ਼ਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਅਤੇ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ ਵਿਰੁੱਧ ਆਪਣੀ ਆਵਾਜ਼ ਬੁਲੰਦ ਕਰਨੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਾਜ ਨੂੰ ਨਕਾਰਾਤਮਕ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ ਤੋਂ ਬਚਾਉਂਦੇ ਹੋਏ ਆਪਣੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਫਰਜ਼ ਨਿਭਾਉਣੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ।
• ਉਹ ਲੋੜਵੰਦ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਹੱਲ ਮੁਹੱਈਆ ਕਰਵਾਉਣ, ਸਮਝਦਾਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਵੋਟ ਪਾਉਣ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਟੈਕਸ ਸਮੇਂ ਸਿਰ ਅਦਾ ਕਰਨ।
• ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਸਮਾਜ ਦੇ ਭਲੇ ਲਈ ਆਰ.ਟੀ.ਆਈ. ਅਤੇ ਆਰ.ਟੀ.ਈ. ਅਜਿਹੇ ਕੰਮਾਂ ਦੀ ਮਦਦ ਲੈਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ।
• ਹਰ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਲੇ-ਦੁਆਲੇ ਦੀ ਸਫ਼ਾਈ ਰੱਖਣ ਲਈ ਸਵੱਛਤਾ ਮੁਹਿੰਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲੈਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਕੂੜਾ-ਕਰਕਟ ਨੂੰ ਡਸਟਬਿਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਾਉਣਾ ਅਤੇ ਜਨਤਕ ਸਾਮਾਨ ਦੀ ਸੰਭਾਲ ਕਰਨਾ ਸਿਖਾਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
• ਜਿਹੜੇ ਲੋਕ ਸਮਰੱਥ ਹਨ, ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਗੈਸ ਦੀ ਸਬਸਿਡੀ ਛੱਡ ਦੇਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ।
• ਹਰ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਦੇਸ਼ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਥੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਇਮਾਨਦਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਦੂਜੇ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਸਤਿਕਾਰ ਦੀ ਭਾਵਨਾ ਹੋਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੀ ਭਲਾਈ ਲਈ ਬਣਾਈਆਂ ਗਈਆਂ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਅਤੇ ਆਰਥਿਕ ਨੀਤੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਵੀ ਸਤਿਕਾਰ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
• ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਸਿਹਤ ਅਤੇ ਬਚਪਨ ਦਾ ਧਿਆਨ ਰੱਖਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਬਾਲ ਮਜ਼ਦੂਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਜੁਰਮ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਮਜਬੂਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ।
• ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦਾ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵਧੀਆ ਦੇਸ਼ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਕੋਸ਼ਿਸ਼ ਕਰਨੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ।

ਇੱਕ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਹੋਣ ਦੇ ਨਾਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਮੇਰਾ ਫਰਜ਼ – ਲੇਖ 2 (400 ਸ਼ਬਦ)

ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੇ ਫਰਜ਼ ਉਹ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀਆਂ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਨਿੱਜੀ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ ਨਿਭਾਉਣੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਇੱਕ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਜੋ ਕਿਸੇ ਸਮਾਜ, ਸਮਾਜ ਜਾਂ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਸ ਦੇ ਦੇਸ਼, ਸਮਾਜ ਜਾਂ ਸਮਾਜ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਫਰਜ਼ ਅਤੇ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀਆਂ ਹੁੰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ, ਜੋ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਹੀ ਢੰਗ ਨਾਲ ਨਿਭਾਉਣੀਆਂ ਪੈਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਚੰਗਿਆਈ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਅਹਿਮ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਕਦੇ ਵੀ ਅਣਗੌਲਿਆ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ।

ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਹੋਣ ਦੇ ਨਾਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਮੇਰਾ ਫਰਜ਼ ਹੈ

ਸਾਡੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ ਹਕੂਮਤ ਤੋਂ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਮਿਲੇ ਕਈ ਸਾਲ ਬੀਤ ਚੁੱਕੇ ਹਨ, ਜੋ ਕਈ ਮਹਾਨ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਘੁਲਾਟੀਆਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕੁਰਬਾਨੀਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ ਸਦਕਾ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਹੋਈ ਸੀ। ਉਹ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਫ਼ਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਦੇ ਸੱਚੇ ਪੈਰੋਕਾਰ ਸਨ ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਲੱਖਾਂ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਸਮੇਤ ਆਪਣੀ ਅਮੋਲਕ ਜਾਨ ਕੁਰਬਾਨ ਕਰਕੇ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਦੇ ਸੁਪਨੇ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਕਾਰ ਕੀਤਾ। ਭਾਰਤ ਦੀ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ, ਅਮੀਰ ਲੋਕ ਅਤੇ ਸਿਆਸਤਦਾਨ ਸਿਰਫ ਆਪਣੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੱਗੇ ਹੋਏ ਸਨ ਨਾ ਕਿ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਵਿੱਚ। ਇਹ ਸੱਚ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਅਸੀਂ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ਾਂ ਦੇ ਰਾਜ ਤੋਂ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਹੋ ਗਏ ਹਾਂ, ਪਰ ਲਾਲਚ, ਅਪਰਾਧ, ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ, ਗੈਰ-ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀ, ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਮੁੱਦੇ, ਬਾਲ ਮਜ਼ਦੂਰੀ, ਗਰੀਬੀ, ਜ਼ੁਲਮ, ਅੱਤਵਾਦ, ਕੰਨਿਆ ਭਰੂਣ ਹੱਤਿਆ, ਲਿੰਗਕ ਅਸਮਾਨਤਾ, ਦਾਜ-ਮੌਤ, ਜਨ-ਹਿੱਤਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਅੱਜ ਤੱਕ ਮੁਕਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋ ਸਕੇ। ਬਲਾਤਕਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਗੈਰ-ਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ।

ਸਰਕਾਰ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਨਿਯਮ, ਕਾਨੂੰਨ, ਅਥਾਰਟੀ, ਐਕਟ, ਮੁਹਿੰਮਾਂ ਜਾਂ ਪ੍ਰੋਗਰਾਮ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ ਹੀ ਕਾਫ਼ੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ, ਅਸਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਭ ਦੀ ਸਖ਼ਤੀ ਨਾਲ ਪਾਲਣਾ ਹਰ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਗ਼ੈਰ-ਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਤੋਂ ਮੁਕਤ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਕਰਨੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ। ਭਾਰਤੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਰਬੱਤ ਦੇ ਭਲੇ ਲਈ ਗਰੀਬੀ, ਲਿੰਗ ਅਸਮਾਨਤਾ, ਬਾਲ ਮਜ਼ਦੂਰੀ, ਔਰਤਾਂ ਵਿਰੁੱਧ ਅੱਤਿਆਚਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਮੁੱਦਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਖਾਤਮੇ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ-ਨਾਲ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਨਿਭਾਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਭਾਰਤੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣਾ ਰਾਜਨੀਤਿਕ ਨੇਤਾ ਚੁਣਨ ਦਾ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਹੀ ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੱਗੇ ਲਿਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਲਈ, ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਬੁਰੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੋਸ਼ੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਉਣ ਦਾ ਕੋਈ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਸਿਆਸੀ ਆਗੂ ਨੂੰ ਵੋਟ ਦੇਣ ਵੇਲੇ ਆਪਣੀਆਂ ਅੱਖਾਂ ਖੁੱਲ੍ਹੀਆਂ ਰੱਖਣੀਆਂ ਚਾਹੀਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਅਜਿਹੇ ਆਗੂ ਦੀ ਚੋਣ ਕਰਨੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਸੱਚਮੁੱਚ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟ ਮਾਨਸਿਕਤਾ ਤੋਂ ਮੁਕਤ ਹੋਵੇ ਅਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੀ ਅਗਵਾਈ ਕਰਨ ਦੇ ਸਮਰੱਥ ਹੋਵੇ।

ਭਾਰਤ ਦੇ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਅਸਲ ਅਰਥਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਵੈ-ਨਿਰਭਰ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਲਈ ਨਿੱਜੀ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਫਰਜ਼ ਨਿਭਾਉਣੇ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹਨ। ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਲਈ ਇਹ ਬਹੁਤ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਉਦੋਂ ਹੀ ਸੰਭਵ ਹੋ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ ਜਦੋਂ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਨੁਸ਼ਾਸਿਤ, ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇ ਪਾਬੰਦ, ਫਰਜ਼ ਨਿਭਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਅਤੇ ਇਮਾਨਦਾਰ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਹੋਣ।

ਭਾਰਤੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਅਹੁਦਿਆਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਡਿਊਟੀਆਂ – ਲੇਖ 3 (500 ਸ਼ਬਦ)

ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਫਰਜ਼

ਭਾਰਤੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਅਹੁਦਿਆਂ ਲਈ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੀਆਂ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀਆਂ ਹਨ:

• ਮਾਪੇ: ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਮਾਂ-ਬਾਪ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਉਹ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਚੰਗੇ-ਮਾੜੇ ਨੇਤਾ ਦੇਣ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਸਰੋਤ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਇਹ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਢਲਾ ਮੁੱਢਲਾ ਸਕੂਲ ਹੈ, ਇਸ ਲਈ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਹਰ ਸਮੇਂ ਸੁਚੇਤ ਰਹਿਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਭਵਿੱਖ ਨੂੰ ਸੰਵਾਰਨ ਦੀ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ‘ਤੇ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ।

ਕੁਝ ਲਾਲਚੀ ਮਾਪਿਆਂ (ਭਾਵੇਂ ਉਹ ਗਰੀਬ ਹੋਵੇ ਜਾਂ ਅਮੀਰ) ਕਾਰਨ ਸਾਡੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੱਜ ਵੀ ਗਰੀਬੀ, ਲਿੰਗੀ ਅਸਮਾਨਤਾ, ਬਾਲ-ਮਜ਼ਦੂਰੀ, ਮਾੜੇ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਅਤੇ ਸਿਆਸੀ ਆਗੂ, ਕੰਨਿਆ ਭਰੂਣ ਹੱਤਿਆ ਵਰਗੀਆਂ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਬੁਰਾਈਆਂ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਇਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦਾ ਭਵਿੱਖ ਚੂਸਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸਾਰੇ ਮਾਤਾ-ਪਿਤਾ ਨੂੰ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ (ਚਾਹੇ ਲੜਕੀ ਜਾਂ ਲੜਕਾ) ਨੂੰ ਸਹੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਲਈ ਸਕੂਲ ਭੇਜਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ, ਨਾਲ ਹੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਸਿਹਤ, ਸਾਫ-ਸਫਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਨੈਤਿਕ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਦਾ ਧਿਆਨ ਰੱਖਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਚੰਗੀਆਂ ਆਦਤਾਂ, ਸ਼ਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ ਸਿਖਾਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ | , ਅਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦੇ ਫਰਜ਼.

• ਅਧਿਆਪਕ: ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਆਪਣੇ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਚੰਗੇ ਅਤੇ ਸਫਲ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਬਣਾ ਕੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਚੰਗਾ ਭਵਿੱਖ ਦੇਣ ਦਾ ਦੂਜਾ ਸਰੋਤ ਹਨ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਆਪਣਾ ਫਰਜ਼ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ (ਅਮੀਰ-ਗਰੀਬ, ਬੁੱਧੀਮਾਨ-ਔਸਤ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ) ਵਿੱਚ ਕਦੇ ਵੀ ਵਿਤਕਰਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ। ਦੇਸ਼ ਲਈ ਚੰਗੇ ਨੇਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਉੱਜਵਲ ਭਵਿੱਖ ਦੇਣ ਲਈ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਬਰਾਬਰ ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
• ਡਾਕਟਰ: ਡਾਕਟਰ ਨੂੰ ਮਰੀਜ਼ ਲਈ ਇੱਕ ਦੇਵਤਾ ਮੰਨਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਉਹ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਵੀਂ ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ ਦਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਕੁਝ ਲਾਲਚੀ ਡਾਕਟਰਾਂ ਕਾਰਨ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਉੱਚ ਤਕਨੀਕੀ ਇਲਾਜ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਨਹੀਂ ਹਨ। ਜੋ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਗ਼ਰੀਬ ਇੱਥੋਂ ਤੱਕ ਕਿ ਮੱਧ ਵਰਗ ਦੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਲਈ ਵੀ ਬਹੁਤ ਮਹਿੰਗਾ ਹੈ, ਇਸ ਲਈ ਉਹ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਇਕੱਠਾ ਕਰਨ ਦੇ ਯੋਗ ਨਹੀਂ ਹਨ। ਕੁਝ ਸਰਕਾਰੀ ਡਾਕਟਰ ਹਸਪਤਾਲਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਪਣੀ ਡਿਊਟੀ ਸਹੀ ਢੰਗ ਨਾਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਨਿਭਾਉਂਦੇ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਨਿੱਜੀ ਕਲੀਨਿਕ ਖੋਲ੍ਹ ਲੈਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੀ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀ ਸਮਝਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਰੇ ਮਹਿੰਗੇ ਇਲਾਜ ਸਾਰੇ ਲੋੜਵੰਦਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਸਤੇ ਭਾਅ ‘ਤੇ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਕਰਵਾਏ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਉੱਚ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿਦੇਸ਼ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ, ਪਰ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਹਿ ਕੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਬਿਹਤਰ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਲਈ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
• ਇੰਜੀਨੀਅਰ (ਇੰਜੀਨੀਅਰ): ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਨਿਰਮਾਣ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਕਾਰਜਾਂ ਲਈ ਇੰਜੀਨੀਅਰ ਬਹੁਤ ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰ ਹਨ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਗਿਆਨ ਅਤੇ ਪੇਸ਼ੇਵਰ ਹੁਨਰ ਦੀਆਂ ਤਕਨੀਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਹੀ ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਲਈ ਸਕਾਰਾਤਮਕ ਤਰੀਕੇ ਨਾਲ ਵਰਤਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰ ਰਹਿਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
• ਸਿਆਸਤਦਾਨ: ਕਿਸੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦਾ ਪੱਧਰ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਸਿਆਸਤਦਾਨਾਂ ‘ਤੇ ਨਿਰਭਰ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇੱਕ ਸਿਆਸਤਦਾਨ (ਜੋ ਨਾ ਤਾਂ ਲਾਲਚੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਨਾ ਹੀ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੈ) ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਪਣੀਆਂ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਮਹਾਨ ਭੂਮਿਕਾਵਾਂ ਨਿਭਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਜਦੋਂ ਕਿ ਇੱਕ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟ ਸਿਆਸਤਦਾਨ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਤਬਾਹ ਕਰ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਲਈ ਇੱਕ ਸਿਆਸਤਦਾਨ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਇਮਾਨਦਾਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਆਪਣਾ ਫਰਜ਼ ਨਿਭਾਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
• ਪੁਲਿਸ ਕਾਂਸਟੇਬਲ: ਪੂਰੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਸੁਰੱਖਿਆ, ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਸਦਭਾਵਨਾ ਬਣਾਈ ਰੱਖਣ ਲਈ ਸ਼ਹਿਰ, ਰਾਜ ਅਤੇ ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਪੱਧਰ ‘ਤੇ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਥਾਵਾਂ ‘ਤੇ ਪੁਲਿਸ ਨਿਯੁਕਤ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ। ਉਹ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਦੀ ਉਮੀਦ ਹੈ, ਇਸ ਲਈ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਅਤੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰ ਰਹਿਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
• ਵਪਾਰੀ ਜਾਂ ਕਾਰੋਬਾਰੀ: ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਵਪਾਰੀ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਫਰਜ਼ ਇਹ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਵਿਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਗੋਂ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੱਧ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਰੁਜ਼ਗਾਰ ਮੁਹੱਈਆ ਕਰਵਾਏ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੀ ਆਰਥਿਕ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਦਰ ਨੂੰ ਵਧਾਉਣ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ-ਨਾਲ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਗਰੀਬੀ ਨੂੰ ਦੂਰ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਉਪਰਾਲੇ ਕਰੇ। ਉਹ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਤਸਕਰੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਣੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ।
• ਖਿਡਾਰੀ: ਖਿਡਾਰੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਆਪਣੀ ਖੇਡ ਅਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰੀ ਹੋਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਕਿਸਮ ਦੇ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ ਜਾਂ ਮੈਚ ਫਿਕਸਿੰਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਉਹ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਨੌਜਵਾਨਾਂ ਦੇ ਰੋਲ ਮਾਡਲ ਹਨ।
• ਆਮ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ (ਆਮ-ਆਦਮੀ): ਆਮ ਆਦਮੀ ਦੇਸ਼ ਲਈ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਤਰੀਕਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਸੁਹਿਰਦ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੀ ਅਗਵਾਈ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਇੱਕ ਚੰਗੇ ਨੇਤਾ ਦੀ ਚੋਣ ਕਰਨੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਸਹੀ ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੈ ਜਾ ਸਕੇ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਘਰ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ-ਨਾਲ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਲੇ-ਦੁਆਲੇ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਫ਼-ਸੁਥਰਾ ਰੱਖਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਤਾਂ ਜੋ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦਾ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਸਿਹਤਮੰਦ, ਖੁਸ਼ਹਾਲ ਅਤੇ ਰੋਗ ਮੁਕਤ ਰਹਿ ਸਕੇ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਕਿੱਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਅਨੁਸ਼ਾਸਿਤ, ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇ ਪਾਬੰਦ ਅਤੇ ਡਿਊਟੀ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਪਾਬੰਦ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।

ਮੇਰੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਮੇਰਾ ਕੀ ਫਰਜ਼ ਹੈ – ਲੇਖ 4 (600 ਸ਼ਬਦ)

ਇੱਕ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਪਣੇ, ਪਰਿਵਾਰ, ਮਾਤਾ-ਪਿਤਾ, ਬੱਚਿਆਂ, ਪਤਨੀ, ਪਤੀ, ਗੁਆਂਢੀਆਂ, ਸਮਾਜ, ਸਮਾਜ ਅਤੇ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਫਰਜ਼ ਨਿਭਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੇ ਕਰਤੱਵ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਾਨ, ਉੱਜਵਲ ਭਵਿੱਖ ਅਤੇ ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਤੰਦਰੁਸਤੀ ਵੱਲ ਲੈ ਜਾਣ ਲਈ ਬਹੁਤ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਹਨ।

ਮੈਂ ਇੱਕ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਹਾਂ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਮੇਰਾ ਇੱਥੇ ਜਨਮ ਹੋਇਆ ਹੈ। ਦੇਸ਼ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਹੋਣ ਦੇ ਨਾਤੇ, ਮੈਂ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਫਰਜ਼ ਰੱਖਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਜੋ ਸਾਰਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਪੂਰਾ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਮੈਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਨਾਲ ਸਬੰਧਤ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਪਹਿਲੂਆਂ ਦੇ ਫਰਜ਼ ਨਿਭਾਉਣੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ।

ਕਰਤੱਵ ਉਹ ਕੰਮ ਜਾਂ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਹਰੇਕ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਅਕਤੀਗਤ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੀ ਬਿਹਤਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਵੱਡੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਲਈ ਰੋਜ਼ਾਨਾ ਅਧਾਰ ‘ਤੇ ਕਰਨੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ। ਹਰ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਦੀ ਜਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਆਪਣਾ ਫਰਜ਼ ਇਮਾਨਦਾਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਨਿਭਾਵੇ ਅਤੇ ਇਹ ਦੇਸ਼ ਲਈ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਮੰਗ ਵੀ ਹੈ।

ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਮੇਰਾ ਕੀ ਫਰਜ਼ ਹੈ

ਦੇਸ਼ ਦਾ ਨਾਗਰਿਕ ਉਹ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਨੇ ਨਾ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਖ਼ੁਦ, ਸਗੋਂ ਉਸ ਦੇ ਪੂਰਵਜਾਂ ਨੇ ਵੀ ਲਗਭਗ ਸਾਰੀ ਉਮਰ ਉਸ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਗੁਜ਼ਾਰੀ ਹੋਵੇ, ਇਸ ਲਈ ਹਰੇਕ ਕੌਮ ਦੇ ਵੀ ਕੁਝ ਫਰਜ਼ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਆਓ ਇੱਕ ਅਜਿਹੇ ਘਰ ਦੀ ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈਏ ਜਿੱਥੇ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਮੈਂਬਰ ਇਕੱਠੇ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ, ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ, ਹਰੇਕ ਘਰ ਦਾ ਮੁਖੀ ਘਰ ਦੇ ਚੰਗੇ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀਪੂਰਨ ਜੀਵਨ ਲਈ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਡੇ ਮੈਂਬਰ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਬਣਾਏ ਗਏ ਸਾਰੇ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ ਦੀ ਪਾਲਣਾ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸੇ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਾਡਾ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵੀ ਸਾਡੇ ਘਰ ਵਰਗਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਵਿਚ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਧਰਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਲੋਕ ਇਕੱਠੇ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਕੁਝ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਕਾਨੂੰਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਪਾਲਣਾ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਜ਼ਰੂਰਤ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਸਰਕਾਰ ਨੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਲਈ ਬਣਾਏ ਹਨ। ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਦਾ ਉਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਰੇ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਸਰੋਕਾਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੂਰ ਕਰਕੇ ਵਿਕਾਸਸ਼ੀਲ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੀ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਆਉਣਾ ਹੈ, ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਸਲ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਲਿਆਉਣਾ ਹੈ।

ਸਰਕਾਰੀ ਜਾਂ ਨਿੱਜੀ ਖੇਤਰ ਦੇ ਦਫ਼ਤਰਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਮੇਂ ਸਿਰ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੇ ਕਰਮਚਾਰੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਾਂ ਬਰਬਾਦ ਕੀਤੇ ਬਿਨਾਂ ਆਪਣੀ ਡਿਊਟੀ ਪੂਰੀ ਇਮਾਨਦਾਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਨਿਭਾਉਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਇਸ ਸੰਦਰਭ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਹੀ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ, “ਜੇ ਅਸੀਂ ਸਮਾਂ ਬਰਬਾਦ ਕਰਾਂਗੇ, ਸਮਾਂ ਬਰਬਾਦ ਕਰੇਗਾ।” ਸਮਾਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਦਾ ਇੰਤਜ਼ਾਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਦਾ, ਇਹ ਨਿਰੰਤਰ ਚਲਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਨੂੰ ਸਮੇਂ ਤੋਂ ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸਾਨੂੰ ਉਦੋਂ ਤੱਕ ਨਹੀਂ ਰੁਕਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਜਦੋਂ ਤੱਕ ਅਸੀਂ ਆਪਣੇ ਟੀਚੇ ‘ਤੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਪਹੁੰਚ ਜਾਂਦੇ। ਸਾਡੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਦਾ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਉਦੇਸ਼ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਅਸਲ ਅਰਥਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਹਾਨ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ ਹੈ।

ਸਾਨੂੰ ਸੁਆਰਥੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਫਰਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਕੇਵਲ ਅਸੀਂ ਹੀ ਹਾਂ, ਹੋਰ ਕੋਈ ਨਹੀਂ, ਜਿਸਦਾ ਲਾਭ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ੋਸ਼ਣ ਵੀ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸਾਡੀ ਹਰ ਇੱਕ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਸਾਨੂੰ ਸਕਾਰਾਤਮਕ ਅਤੇ ਨਕਾਰਾਤਮਕ ਦੋਵਾਂ ਰੂਪਾਂ ‘ਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਤ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ (ਜੇ ਅਸੀਂ ਸਕਾਰਾਤਮਕ ਕਿਰਿਆਵਾਂ ਕਰਾਂਗੇ ਤਾਂ ਸਾਨੂੰ ਲਾਭ ਹੋਵੇਗਾ ਅਤੇ ਜੇ ਅਸੀਂ ਨਕਾਰਾਤਮਕ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਾਂਗੇ ਤਾਂ ਸਾਡਾ ਸ਼ੋਸ਼ਣ ਹੋਵੇਗਾ)। ਇਸ ਲਈ ਕਿਉਂ ਨਾ ਅੱਜ ਇਹ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਲਿਆ ਜਾਵੇ ਕਿ ਆਪਣੇ ਹੀ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਲੁੱਟਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਚਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਅੱਜ ਤੋਂ ਹੀ ਅਸੀਂ ਸਕਾਰਾਤਮਕਤਾ ਨਾਲ ਸਹੀ ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਰ ਕਦਮ ਚੁੱਕਾਂਗੇ। ਸਾਡੇ ਕੋਲ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਲਈ ਸਹੀ ਨੇਤਾ ਚੁਣਨ ਅਤੇ ਇਸ ਉੱਤੇ ਰਾਜ ਕਰਨ ਦਾ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਲਈ ਅਸੀਂ ਦੂਜਿਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਨੇਤਾਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੋਸ਼ੀ ਕਿਉਂ ਠਹਿਰਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ, ਸਾਨੂੰ ਸਿਰਫ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਦੋਸ਼ੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਦੂਜਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਅਸੀਂ ਹੀ ਸੀ ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਆਪਣਾ ਫਰਜ਼ ਨਹੀਂ ਨਿਭਾਇਆ ਜਿਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਮੰਗ ਕੀਤੀ ਗਈ ਸੀ। ਅਸੀਂ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਆਪਣੀ ਰੋਜ਼ਾਨਾ ਦੀ ਰੁਟੀਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੁੱਝੇ ਹੋਏ ਸੀ ਅਤੇ ਦੂਜਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ, ਪਾਠਕ੍ਰਮ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਹਰ ਦੀਆਂ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ, ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਸਿਆਸੀ ਮਾਮਲਿਆਂ ਆਦਿ ਦੀ ਪਰਵਾਹ ਨਹੀਂ ਕੀਤੀ। ਇਹ ਸਾਡਾ ਕਸੂਰ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਸਾਡਾ ਦੇਸ਼ ਅਜੇ ਵੀ ਵਿਕਾਸਸ਼ੀਲ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੀ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੈ ਨਾ ਕਿ ਵਿਕਸਤ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੀ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ ਵਿੱਚ।

ਇਹ ਇੱਕ ਵੱਡੀ ਸਮੱਸਿਆ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਨੂੰ ਇਸਨੂੰ ਹਲਕੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਨਹੀਂ ਲੈਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ। ਸਾਨੂੰ ਲਾਲਚੀ ਅਤੇ ਸੁਆਰਥੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ; ਸਾਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਅਤੇ ਦੂਜਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਿਹਤਮੰਦ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਾਂਤਮਈ ਜੀਵਨ ਜਿਉਣ ਦੇਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸਾਡੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦਾ ਉੱਜਵਲ ਭਵਿੱਖ ਸਾਡੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਹੱਥਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੈ। ਅਜੇ ਵੀ ਸਮਾਂ ਹੈ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਬਦਲਣ ਦਾ, ਅਸੀਂ ਬਿਹਤਰ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਾਂ। ਖੁੱਲ੍ਹੀਆਂ ਅੱਖਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ ਜਿਊਣਾ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕਰੋ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਆਪਣਾ ਫਰਜ਼ ਨਿਭਾਓ। ਸਾਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਦਿਲ, ਸਰੀਰ, ਦਿਮਾਗ ਅਤੇ ਆਲੇ-ਦੁਆਲੇ ਦੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਖੇਤਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਫ਼ ਕਰਕੇ ਨਵੀਂ ਅਤੇ ਚੰਗੀ ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ ਕਰਨੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ।

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நாட்டின் எந்தவொரு நபரின் கடமைகள் என்பது அவரது / அவள் அனைத்து வயதினருக்கும் அவர்கள் தங்கள் நாட்டிற்குக் கொண்டுள்ள பொறுப்புகளைக் குறிக்கிறது. நாட்டிற்கான நமது கடமைகளை நிறைவேற்ற வேண்டும் என்பதை நினைவூட்டுவதற்கு சிறப்பு நேரம் எதுவும் இல்லை, இருப்பினும் ஒவ்வொரு இந்திய குடிமகனும் நாட்டிற்கான தங்கள் கடமைகளைப் புரிந்துகொண்டு அவர்களைத் தங்கள் அன்றாட வழக்கத்தில் சேர்ப்பது பிறப்பு உரிமை.

தமிழில் எனது தேசத்தை நோக்கிய எனது கடமை பற்றிய குறுகிய மற்றும் நீண்ட கட்டுரை

ஒரு பொறுப்புள்ள குடிமகனின் கடமைகள் – கட்டுரை 1 (300 வார்த்தைகள்).

இந்தியா ஒரு மத, கலாச்சார மற்றும் பாரம்பரிய நாடு மற்றும் வேற்றுமையில் ஒற்றுமைக்கு பெயர் பெற்றது. இருப்பினும், வளர்ச்சி, ஊழல், சமூகப் போராட்டங்கள், பெண்களுக்கு எதிரான குற்றங்கள், வறுமை, மாசுபாடு, புவி வெப்பமடைதல் போன்றவற்றைத் தூய்மைப்படுத்த அதன் குடிமக்களின் அதிக முயற்சிகள் தேவை. அரசாங்கத்தை குறை கூறுவதை விடுத்து, நாட்டுக்கான கடமைகளை மக்கள் புரிந்து கொள்ள வேண்டும். நாட்டின் வளர்ச்சிக்கும் வளர்ச்சிக்கும் ஒவ்வொருவரும் தனிப்பட்ட முறையில் பொறுப்பு. “ஆயிரம் மைல் பயணம் ஒரே அடியில் தொடங்குகிறது” என்ற லான் துஸின் புகழ்பெற்ற வாசகத்தை மக்கள் ஒருபோதும் மறக்கக்கூடாது . ஒவ்வொருவரும் தங்களின் அடிப்படைக் கடமைகளை உணர்ந்து அவற்றைப் புறக்கணிக்காமல் பின்பற்ற வேண்டும். நாட்டின் நல்ல மற்றும் பொறுப்புள்ள குடிமக்களாக இருப்பதால், ஒவ்வொருவரும் தங்கள் கடமைகளை உண்மையாகச் செய்ய வேண்டும்:

• அரசு இயற்றும் அனைத்து விதிகளையும் சட்டங்களையும் மக்கள் பின்பற்ற வேண்டும். அவர்கள் அதிகாரிகளை மதிக்க வேண்டும் மற்றும் எந்த விதிகளையும் மீறக்கூடாது, மற்றவர்களையும் அவ்வாறு செய்ய ஊக்குவிக்க வேண்டும்.
• தங்களுக்கு எதிரான குற்றங்களை பொறுத்துக் கொள்ளாமல் ஊழலுக்கு எதிராக குரல் எழுப்ப வேண்டும். எதிர்மறையான செல்வாக்கிலிருந்து சமூகத்தைப் பாதுகாக்கும் அதே வேளையில் அவர்கள் தங்கள் அனைத்து குடிமை மற்றும் சமூகக் கடமைகளையும் செய்ய வேண்டும்.
• அவர்கள் தேவைப்படும் மக்களுக்கு தீர்வுகளை வழங்க வேண்டும், புத்திசாலித்தனமாக வாக்களித்து அவர்களின் அனைத்து வரிகளையும் சரியான நேரத்தில் செலுத்த வேண்டும்.
• சமுதாய நலனுக்காக ஆர்டிஐ பெற்றுள்ளனர். மற்றும் ஆர்.டி.இ. அத்தகைய செயல்களின் உதவியை எடுக்க வேண்டும்.
• ஒவ்வொருவரும் தங்களைச் சுற்றிலும் தூய்மையாக இருக்க தூய்மைப் பிரச்சாரத்தில் பங்கேற்க வேண்டும். கழிவுப் பொருட்களை குப்பைத் தொட்டியில் போடவும், பொதுப் பொருட்களைப் பராமரிக்கவும் குழந்தைகளுக்குக் கற்றுக் கொடுக்க வேண்டும்.
• திறமையானவர்கள் எரிவாயு மானியத்தை கைவிட வேண்டும்.
• ஒவ்வொருவரும் நாட்டுக்கும் சக குடிமக்களுக்கும் நேர்மையாகவும் விசுவாசமாகவும் இருக்க வேண்டும். அவர்கள் ஒருவருக்கொருவர் மரியாதைக்குரிய உணர்வைக் கொண்டிருக்க வேண்டும், மேலும் நாட்டின் நலனுக்காக உருவாக்கப்பட்ட சமூக மற்றும் பொருளாதாரக் கொள்கைகளையும் மதிக்க வேண்டும்.
• மக்கள் தங்கள் குழந்தைகளை கல்வியில் ஈடுபடுத்தி அவர்களின் ஆரோக்கியம் மற்றும் குழந்தைப் பருவத்தில் அக்கறை காட்ட வேண்டும். அவர்கள் தங்கள் குழந்தைகளை குழந்தை தொழிலாளர் மற்றும் பிற குற்றங்களைச் செய்ய கட்டாயப்படுத்தக் கூடாது.
• மக்கள் தங்கள் நாட்டை உலகின் சிறந்த நாடாக மாற்ற முயற்சிக்க வேண்டும்.

ஒரு குடிமகனாக நாட்டிற்கு எனது கடமை – கட்டுரை 2 (400 வார்த்தைகள்)

எந்தவொரு நபரின் கடமைகளும் அவர் தனிப்பட்ட முறையில் நிறைவேற்ற வேண்டிய பொறுப்புகள் ஆகும். ஒரு சமூகம், சமூகம் அல்லது நாட்டில் வாழும் ஒரு குடிமகன், நாடு, சமூகம் அல்லது சமூகத்திற்கான பல கடமைகள் மற்றும் பொறுப்புகளை அவர் சரியாகச் செய்ய வேண்டும். மக்கள் நன்மையில் நம்பிக்கை கொள்ள வேண்டும், நாட்டுக்கான முக்கிய கடமைகளை ஒருபோதும் புறக்கணிக்கக்கூடாது.

நாட்டின் குடிமகனாக, நாட்டுக்கு என் கடமை

பல சிறந்த சுதந்திரப் போராட்ட வீரர்களின் தியாகத்தாலும், போராட்டத்தாலும் பெற்ற நமது நாடு ஆங்கிலேயர் ஆட்சியிலிருந்து விடுதலை பெற்று பல ஆண்டுகள் கடந்துவிட்டன. இலட்சக்கணக்கான மக்களுடன் சேர்ந்து தனது விலைமதிப்பற்ற உயிரைத் தியாகம் செய்து சுதந்திரக் கனவை நனவாக்கிய அவர் நாட்டுக்கான தனது கடமைகளை உண்மையாகப் பின்பற்றுபவர். இந்தியா சுதந்திரம் அடைந்த பிறகு, பணக்காரர்களும் அரசியல்வாதிகளும் தங்கள் சொந்த வளர்ச்சியில் மட்டுமே ஈடுபட்டுள்ளனர், நாட்டின் வளர்ச்சியில் ஈடுபடவில்லை. ஆங்கிலேயர் ஆட்சியில் இருந்து நாம் விடுபட்டுள்ளோம் என்பது உண்மைதான், இருப்பினும் பேராசை, குற்றம், ஊழல், பொறுப்பின்மை, சமூகப் பிரச்சினைகள், குழந்தைத் தொழிலாளர், வறுமை, கொடுமை, பயங்கரவாதம், பெண் சிசுக்கொலை, பாலின சமத்துவமின்மை, வரதட்சணை மரணம், வெகுஜன மக்கள் தொகை ஆகியவற்றில் இருந்து இன்று வரை விடுபடவில்லை. கற்பழிப்பு மற்றும் பிற சட்டவிரோத நடவடிக்கைகள்.

அரசாங்கத்தால் விதிகள், சட்டங்கள், அதிகாரங்கள், செயல்கள், பிரச்சாரங்கள் அல்லது திட்டங்களை உருவாக்குவது மட்டும் போதாது, உண்மையில் இவை அனைத்தையும் ஒவ்வொரு இந்திய குடிமகனும் கண்டிப்பாக பின்பற்றி அனைத்து சட்ட விரோத செயல்களிலிருந்தும் விடுபட வேண்டும். வறுமை, பாலின சமத்துவமின்மை, குழந்தைத் தொழிலாளர், பெண்களுக்கு எதிரான வன்கொடுமைகள் மற்றும் பிற சமூகப் பிரச்சினைகளை ஒழிப்பதோடு, நாட்டிற்கான தங்கள் கடமைகளை இந்தியக் குடிமக்கள் உண்மையாகச் செய்ய வேண்டும். நாட்டின் வளர்ச்சியை சரியான பாதையில் கொண்டு செல்லக்கூடிய அரசியல் தலைவரை தேர்ந்தெடுக்க இந்திய குடிமக்களுக்கு உரிமை உள்ளது. எனவே, தங்கள் வாழ்க்கையில் கெட்டவர்களைக் குறை கூற அவர்களுக்கு உரிமை இல்லை. அவர்கள் தங்கள் அரசியல் தலைவருக்கு வாக்களிக்கும் போது கண்களைத் திறந்து வைத்து, உண்மையிலேயே ஊழல் மனப்பான்மை இல்லாத மற்றும் நாட்டை வழிநடத்தும் திறன் கொண்ட ஒரு தலைவரைத் தேர்ந்தெடுக்க வேண்டும்.

உண்மையான அர்த்தத்தில் சுயசார்புடன் இருக்க இந்திய குடிமக்கள் தனிப்பட்ட முறையில் தங்கள் நாட்டுக்காக தங்கள் கடமைகளைச் செய்வது அவசியம். நாட்டின் வளர்ச்சிக்கு இவை மிகவும் அவசியமானவை, நாட்டில் ஒழுக்கமான, நேரந்தவறா, கடமையான, நேர்மையான குடிமக்கள் இருந்தால் மட்டுமே சாத்தியமாகும்.

இந்திய குடிமக்களின் பல்வேறு பதவிகளின் கடமைகள் – கட்டுரை 3 (500 வார்த்தைகள்)

நாட்டிற்கு குடிமக்களின் கடமைகள்

இந்திய குடிமக்களின் பல்வேறு பதவிகளுக்கான பொறுப்புகள் பின்வருமாறு:

• பெற்றோர்: நாட்டிற்கு ஒரு நல்ல மற்றும் கெட்ட தலைவரைக் கொடுப்பதில் பெற்றோர்கள் முக்கிய ஆதாரமாக இருப்பதால், நாட்டிற்கு மிகவும் பொறுப்பானவர்கள். அவர்கள் குழந்தைகளின் ஆரம்ப அடிப்படை பள்ளி, எனவே அவர்கள் எல்லா நேரங்களிலும் கவனத்துடன் இருக்க வேண்டும், ஏனெனில் அவர்கள் நாட்டின் எதிர்காலத்தை வளர்ப்பதற்கு பொறுப்பானவர்கள்.

பேராசை பிடித்த சில பெற்றோர்களால் (ஏழையாக இருந்தாலும் சரி பணக்காரராக இருந்தாலும் சரி), நம் நாட்டில் இன்னும் வறுமை, பாலின சமத்துவமின்மை, குழந்தைத் தொழிலாளர்கள், மோசமான சமூக மற்றும் அரசியல் தலைவர்கள், பெண் கருக்கொலைகள் போன்ற சமூகத் தீமைகள் உள்ளன. அனைத்து பெற்றோர்களும் நாட்டிற்கான தங்கள் கடமைகளைப் புரிந்துகொண்டு, தங்கள் குழந்தைகளை (பெண் அல்லது ஆணாக இருந்தாலும்) முறையான கல்விக்காக பள்ளிக்கு அனுப்ப வேண்டும், மேலும் தங்கள் குழந்தைகளின் ஆரோக்கியம், தூய்மை மற்றும் தார்மீக வளர்ச்சியைக் கவனித்து, அவர்களுக்கு நல்ல பழக்கவழக்கங்களையும், நடத்தைகளையும் கற்பிக்க வேண்டும். , மற்றும் நாட்டிற்கான அவர்களின் கடமைகள்.

• ஆசிரியர்: தங்கள் மாணவர்களை நல்ல மற்றும் வெற்றிகரமான குடிமக்களாக உருவாக்குவதன் மூலம் நாட்டிற்கு நல்ல எதிர்காலத்தை வழங்குவதில் ஆசிரியர்கள் இரண்டாவது ஆதாரமாக உள்ளனர். அவர்கள் தங்கள் நாட்டிற்கான தங்கள் கடமையைப் புரிந்து கொள்ள வேண்டும் மற்றும் அவர்களின் மாணவர்களிடையே (பணக்காரர்-ஏழை, புத்திசாலி- சராசரி மாணவர்கள்) பாகுபாடு காட்டக்கூடாது. நாட்டுக்கு நல்ல தலைவனையும், ஒளிமயமான எதிர்காலத்தையும் கொடுக்க, தன் மாணவர்கள் அனைவருக்கும் சமமாக கற்பிக்க வேண்டும்.
• மருத்துவர்: மருத்துவர் நோயாளிக்கு ஒரு கடவுளாகக் கருதப்படுகிறார், ஏனெனில் அவர் / அவள் அவர்களுக்கு புதிய வாழ்க்கையைத் தருகிறார். சில பேராசை பிடித்த மருத்துவர்களால் நாட்டில் உயர் தொழில்நுட்ப சிகிச்சைகள் கிடைப்பதில்லை. நாட்டின் நடுத்தர மக்கள் கூட ஏழைகளுக்கு மிகவும் விலை உயர்ந்தது, எனவே அவர்களால் அவற்றை சேகரிக்க முடியவில்லை. சில அரசு மருத்துவர்கள் மருத்துவமனைகளில் தங்கள் பணிகளைச் சரியாகச் செய்யாமல், சொந்தமாக தனியார் மருத்துவ மனைகளைத் திறக்கின்றனர். நாட்டில் உள்ள அனைத்து விலையுயர்ந்த சிகிச்சைகளையும் மலிவு விலையில் அனைத்து தேவைப்படுபவர்களுக்கும் கிடைக்கச் செய்வதற்கான அவர்களின் பொறுப்பை அவர்கள் புரிந்து கொள்ள வேண்டும். உயர்கல்விக்குப் பின் வெளிநாடு செல்லக் கூடாது, எனினும், சொந்த நாட்டில் தங்கி, நாட்டின் சிறந்த வளர்ச்சிக்கு உழைக்க வேண்டும்.
• பொறியாளர் (பொறியாளர்): நாட்டின் கட்டுமான வளர்ச்சிப் பணிகளுக்கு பொறியாளர்கள் மிகவும் பொறுப்பு. அவர்கள் தங்கள் அறிவு மற்றும் தொழில்முறை திறன்களை சரியான திசையில் நாட்டின் வளர்ச்சிக்கு சாதகமான வழியில் பயன்படுத்த வேண்டும். அவர்கள் ஊழலில் ஈடுபடக்கூடாது, தங்கள் கடமைகளுக்கு விசுவாசமாக இருக்க வேண்டும்.
• அரசியல்வாதிகள்: ஒரு நாட்டின் நிலை அந்நாட்டு அரசியல்வாதிகளைப் பொறுத்தது. ஒரு அரசியல்வாதி (பேராசை அல்லது ஊழலில் ஈடுபடாதவர்) நாட்டின் வளர்ச்சியில் தனது பல்வேறு பெரிய பாத்திரங்களை வகிக்கிறார், அதே நேரத்தில் ஒரு ஊழல் அரசியல்வாதி நாட்டை அழிக்க முடியும். எனவே, ஒரு அரசியல்வாதி தனது கடமைகளைப் புரிந்துகொண்டு நாட்டுக்கான தனது கடமைகளை நேர்மையாகச் செய்ய வேண்டும்.
• போலீஸ் கான்ஸ்டபிள்கள்: நாடு முழுவதும் பாதுகாப்பு, அமைதி மற்றும் நல்லெண்ணத்தை பராமரிக்க நகரம், மாநிலம் மற்றும் தேசிய அளவில் பல்வேறு இடங்களில் போலீசார் நியமிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளனர். அவர் மக்களின் நம்பிக்கை, எனவே அவர் தனது நாட்டுக்கும் மக்களுக்கும் விசுவாசமாக இருக்க வேண்டும்.
• தொழிலதிபர் அல்லது தொழிலதிபர்: ஒரு தொழிலதிபர் தனது நாட்டை நோக்கிய முக்கிய கடமை என்னவென்றால், வெளிநாட்டில் அல்ல, நாட்டில் அதிகபட்ச வேலைவாய்ப்பை வழங்குவது மற்றும் தனது நாட்டின் பொருளாதார வளர்ச்சி விகிதத்தை அதிகரிப்பதுடன், நாட்டில் வறுமையை ஒழிப்பதற்கான முயற்சிகளை மேற்கொள்வது. அவர்கள் எந்த வகையிலும் ஊழல் மற்றும் கடத்தலில் ஈடுபடக்கூடாது.
• வீரர்கள்: வீரர்கள் தங்கள் விளையாட்டு மற்றும் நாட்டிற்கு விசுவாசமாக இருக்க வேண்டும், மேலும் அவர்கள் நாட்டின் இளைஞர்களின் முன்மாதிரியாக இருப்பதால் எந்தவிதமான ஊழல் அல்லது மேட்ச் பிக்சிங்கிலும் ஈடுபடக்கூடாது.
• பொதுக் குடிமகன் (ஆம்-ஆத்மி): சாமானியர் பல்வேறு வழிகளில் நாட்டிற்குப் பொறுப்பு. அவர்கள் தங்கள் நேர்மையான கடமைகளை புரிந்துகொண்டு நாட்டை சரியான பாதையில் கொண்டு செல்லக்கூடிய நல்ல தலைவரை தேர்ந்தெடுக்க வேண்டும். அவர்களது குடும்பம் ஆரோக்கியமாகவும், மகிழ்ச்சியாகவும், நோயற்றதாகவும் இருக்க, அவர்கள் தங்கள் வீட்டையும் சுற்றுப்புறத்தையும் சுத்தமாகவும், சுகாதாரமாகவும் வைத்திருக்க வேண்டும். அவர்கள் ஒழுக்கமானவர்களாகவும், நேரத்தை கடைப்பிடிப்பவர்களாகவும், தங்கள் தொழிலுக்குக் கட்டுப்பட்டவர்களாகவும் இருக்க வேண்டும்.

எனது நாட்டிற்கு எனது கடமை என்ன – கட்டுரை 4 (600 வார்த்தைகள்)

ஒரு நபர் தனது வாழ்க்கையில் தனக்கு, குடும்பம், பெற்றோர், குழந்தைகள், மனைவி, கணவன், அண்டை வீட்டார், சமூகம், சமூகம் மற்றும் மிக முக்கியமாக நாட்டிற்கு பல கடமைகளைச் செய்கிறார். நாட்டிற்கு ஒரு நபரின் கடமைகள் அதன் கண்ணியம், பிரகாசமான எதிர்காலத்தை பராமரிக்க மற்றும் நல்வாழ்வை நோக்கி அழைத்துச் செல்ல மிகவும் முக்கியம்.

இங்கு பிறந்ததால் நான் இந்திய குடிமகன். நாட்டின் பொறுப்புள்ள குடிமகனாக, நான் எனது நாட்டிற்கான பல கடமைகளை நிறைவேற்றி வருகிறேன். எனது நாட்டின் வளர்ச்சி தொடர்பான பல்வேறு அம்சங்களின் கடமைகளை நான் செய்ய வேண்டும்.

கடமைகள் என்ன

கடமைகள் என்பது நாட்டின் முன்னேற்றத்திற்கும் அதிக வளர்ச்சிக்கும் ஒவ்வொருவரும் தனித்தனியாக தினசரி அடிப்படையில் செய்ய வேண்டிய பணிகள் அல்லது செயல்பாடுகள் ஆகும். ஒவ்வொரு இந்தியக் குடிமகனின் பொறுப்பும் தங்கள் கடமைகளை உண்மையாகச் செய்வதுடன், நாட்டுக்கு அவசியமான கோரிக்கையாகவும் உள்ளது.

நாட்டுக்கு என் கடமை என்ன?

ஒரு நாட்டின் குடிமகன் என்பது தன்னை மட்டுமல்ல, அவனது / அவள் முன்னோர்களும் கிட்டத்தட்ட முழு வாழ்க்கையையும் அந்த நாட்டில் கழித்தவர், எனவே ஒவ்வொரு தேசத்திற்கும் சில கடமைகள் உள்ளன. வெவ்வேறு உறுப்பினர்கள் ஒன்றாக வசிக்கும் ஒரு வீட்டை உதாரணத்திற்கு எடுத்துக்கொள்வோம், இருப்பினும், ஒவ்வொரு குடும்பத்தின் தலைவரும் குடும்பத்தின் நல்ல மற்றும் அமைதியான வாழ்க்கைக்காக மூத்த உறுப்பினர் உருவாக்கிய அனைத்து விதிகள் மற்றும் ஒழுங்குமுறைகளைப் பின்பற்றுகிறார். அதுபோலவே, நம் நாடும் நம் வீடு போன்றது, அதில் பல்வேறு மதங்களைச் சேர்ந்தவர்கள் ஒன்றாக வாழ்கிறார்கள், இருப்பினும் அவர்கள் நாட்டின் வளர்ச்சிக்காக அரசாங்கம் வகுத்துள்ள சில விதிகளையும் சட்டங்களையும் பின்பற்ற வேண்டும். நாட்டின் கடமைகளுக்கு விசுவாசமான குடிமக்களின் நோக்கம், அனைத்து சமூகப் பிரச்சினைகளையும் நீக்கி, நாட்டில் உண்மையான சுதந்திரத்தைக் கொண்டு வருவதன் மூலம் நாட்டை வளரும் நாடுகளின் வகைக்குள் கொண்டுவருவதாகும்.

அரசு மற்றும் தனியார் துறை அலுவலகங்களில், சரியான நேரத்தில் பணிபுரியும் ஊழியர்கள் நேரத்தை வீணடிக்காமல் தங்கள் கடமைகளை விசுவாசத்துடன் செய்ய வேண்டும், ஏனெனில் “நாம் நேரத்தை வீணடித்தால், நேரம் நம்மை வீணடிக்கும்” என்று சரியாகச் சொல்லப்படுகிறது. காலம் யாருக்காகவும் காத்திருப்பதில்லை, அது தொடர்ந்து இயங்குகிறது, காலத்திலிருந்து நாம் கற்றுக்கொள்ள வேண்டும். நமது இலக்கை அடையும் வரை நிறுத்தக்கூடாது. நம் வாழ்வின் மிக முக்கியமான குறிக்கோள் நம் நாட்டை உண்மையான அர்த்தத்தில் சிறந்ததாக மாற்றுவதுதான்.

நாம் சுயநலமாக இருக்கக்கூடாது, நம் நாட்டிற்கான நமது கடமைகளை புரிந்து கொள்ள வேண்டும். நன்மையும் சுரண்டலும் நாம் மட்டுமே, வேறு யாரும் அல்ல. நமது ஒவ்வொரு செயலும் நம்மை நேர்மறையாகவும் எதிர்மறையாகவும் பாதிக்கிறது (பாசிட்டிவ் செயல்களைச் செய்தால் நமக்குப் பலன் கிடைக்கும், எதிர்மறையான செயல்களைச் செய்தால் சுரண்டப்படுவோம்). எனவே, நம் நாட்டில் சுரண்டப்படாமல் நம்மைக் காப்பாற்றிக் கொள்வதற்காக, இன்று முதல் நாம் நேர்மறையாக ஒவ்வொரு அடியையும் சரியான திசையில் வைப்போம் என்று ஏன் இன்று உறுதிமொழி எடுக்கக்கூடாது. நமது நாட்டிற்கு ஏற்ற தலைவரை தேர்ந்தெடுத்து ஆட்சி செய்யும் உரிமை நமக்குத்தான் உள்ளது. அப்படியானால் நாம் ஏன் மற்றவர்களையும் தலைவர்களையும் குறை கூற வேண்டும், நாம் நம்மை மட்டுமே குற்றம் சொல்ல வேண்டும், மற்றவர்களைக் குறை கூறக்கூடாது, ஏனென்றால் எங்கள் கடமைகளை நாங்கள் கோரவில்லை. நாங்கள் எங்களுடைய அன்றாட வழக்கத்தில் மட்டுமே ஈடுபட்டோம், மற்றவர்களின் வாழ்க்கையிலும், பாடநெறிக்கு அப்பாற்பட்ட செயல்களிலும் ஈடுபட்டோம். நாட்டின் அரசியல் விவகாரங்கள் போன்றவற்றில் அக்கறை காட்டவில்லை. நமது நாடு இன்னும் வளர்ந்த நாடுகள் என்ற பிரிவில் இல்லாமல் வளரும் நாடுகளின் பிரிவில் இருப்பது நமது தவறு.

இது ஒரு பெரிய பிரச்சனை, இதை நாம் சாதாரணமாக எடுத்துக்கொள்ளக்கூடாது. நாம் பேராசை மற்றும் சுயநலமாக இருக்கக்கூடாது; நாமும் மற்றவர்களும் ஆரோக்கியமான மற்றும் அமைதியான வாழ்க்கையை வாழ அனுமதிக்க வேண்டும். நமது நாட்டின் ஒளிமயமான எதிர்காலம் நம் கையில்தான் உள்ளது. நம்மை மாற்றிக் கொள்ள இன்னும் நேரம் இருக்கிறது, நாம் சிறப்பாகச் செய்ய முடியும். திறந்த கண்களுடன் வாழ்க்கையைத் தொடங்குங்கள் மற்றும் உங்கள் நாட்டிற்கான உங்கள் கடமைகளை நிறைவேற்றுங்கள். நம் இதயம், உடல், மனம் மற்றும் சுற்றியுள்ள அனைத்து பகுதிகளையும் சுத்தம் செய்வதன் மூலம் நாம் ஒரு புதிய மற்றும் நல்ல தொடக்கத்தை உருவாக்க வேண்டும்.

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దేశంలోని ఏ వ్యక్తి యొక్క విధులు అంటే అతని/ఆమె అన్ని వయసుల వారికి వారి దేశం పట్ల ఉన్న బాధ్యతలు. దేశం పట్ల తమ విధులను అర్థం చేసుకోవడం మరియు వారి దినచర్యలో వారిని చేర్చుకోవడం ప్రతి భారతీయ పౌరుడి జన్మహక్కు అయినప్పటికీ, దేశం కోసం మన బాధ్యతలను నెరవేర్చడానికి మనకు గుర్తు చేయడానికి ప్రత్యేక సమయం లేదు. .

తెలుగులో నా దేశం పట్ల నా కర్తవ్యంపై చిన్న మరియు పొడవైన వ్యాసం

ఒక బాధ్యతగల పౌరుని విధులు – వ్యాసం 1 (300 పదాలు).

భారతదేశం మతపరమైన, సాంస్కృతిక మరియు సాంప్రదాయక దేశం మరియు భిన్నత్వంలో ఏకత్వానికి ప్రసిద్ధి చెందింది. అయినప్పటికీ, అభివృద్ధి, అవినీతి, సామాజిక పోరాటాలు, మహిళలపై నేరాలు, పేదరికం, కాలుష్యం, గ్లోబల్ వార్మింగ్ మొదలైన వాటి కోసం శుభ్రపరచడానికి దాని పౌరుల మరింత కృషి అవసరం. ప్రభుత్వాన్ని నిందించడం కంటే, దేశం పట్ల ప్రజలు తమ కర్తవ్యాలను అర్థం చేసుకోవాలి. దేశాభివృద్ధికి, అభివృద్ధికి ప్రతి ఒక్కరూ వ్యక్తిగతంగా బాధ్యత వహిస్తారు. “వెయ్యి మైళ్ల ప్రయాణం ఒక్క అడుగుతో మొదలవుతుంది” అనే లాన్ తుజ్ యొక్క ప్రసిద్ధ సామెతను ప్రజలు ఎప్పటికీ మరచిపోకూడదు. ప్రతి ఒక్కరూ తమ ప్రాథమిక విధులను విస్మరించకుండా వాటిని అనుసరించాలి. దేశంలో మంచి మరియు బాధ్యతాయుతమైన పౌరులుగా, ప్రతి ఒక్కరూ తమ తమ విధులను నిష్ఠగా నిర్వహించాలి:

• ప్రభుత్వం రూపొందించిన అన్ని నిబంధనలను ప్రజలు పాటించాలన్నారు. వారు అధికారులను గౌరవించాలి మరియు ఎటువంటి నిబంధనలను ఉల్లంఘించకూడదు అలాగే ఇతరులను కూడా అలా చేయడానికి ప్రేరేపించకూడదు.
• తమపై ఎలాంటి నేరాలు జరిగినా సహించబోమని, అవినీతికి వ్యతిరేకంగా గళం విప్పాలన్నారు. ప్రతికూల ప్రభావం నుండి సమాజాన్ని రక్షించేటప్పుడు వారు తమ పౌర మరియు సామాజిక విధులన్నింటినీ నిర్వర్తించాలి.
• వారు అవసరమైన ప్రజలకు పరిష్కారాలను అందించాలి, తెలివిగా ఓటు వేయాలి మరియు వారి పన్నులన్నింటినీ సకాలంలో చెల్లించాలి.
• సమాజ ప్రయోజనాల కోసం వారు RTI పొందారు. మరియు R.T.E. అటువంటి చర్యల సహాయం తీసుకోవాలి.
• ప్రతి ఒక్కరూ తమ పరిసరాలను పరిశుభ్రంగా ఉంచుకునేందుకు స్వచ్ఛతా కార్యక్రమంలో పాల్గొనాలన్నారు. వ్యర్థ పదార్థాలను చెత్తబుట్టలో వేయడం, ప్రజావసరాలను చూసుకోవడం వంటివి పిల్లలకు నేర్పించాలి.
• సామర్థ్యం ఉన్నవారు గ్యాస్ సబ్సిడీని వదులుకోవాలి.
• ప్రతి ఒక్కరూ దేశానికి మరియు తోటి పౌరులకు నిజాయితీగా మరియు విధేయతతో ఉండాలి. వారు ఒకరినొకరు గౌరవించే భావాన్ని కలిగి ఉండాలి మరియు దేశ సంక్షేమం కోసం రూపొందించిన సామాజిక మరియు ఆర్థిక విధానాలను కూడా గౌరవించాలి.
• ప్రజలు తమ పిల్లలను చదువులో భాగస్వాములను చేసి వారి ఆరోగ్యం మరియు బాల్యం పట్ల శ్రద్ధ వహించాలి. వారు తమ పిల్లలను బాల కార్మికులు మరియు ఇతర నేరాలకు బలవంతం చేయకూడదు.
• ప్రజలు తమ దేశాన్ని ప్రపంచంలోనే అత్యుత్తమ దేశంగా మార్చేందుకు ప్రయత్నించాలి.

ఒక పౌరుడిగా దేశానికి నా కర్తవ్యం – వ్యాసం 2 (400 పదాలు)

ఏదైనా వ్యక్తి యొక్క విధులు అతను వ్యక్తిగతంగా నిర్వర్తించాల్సిన బాధ్యతలు. సమాజంలో, సంఘంలో లేదా దేశంలో నివసించే పౌరుడు, దేశం, సమాజం లేదా సంఘం కోసం అనేక విధులు మరియు బాధ్యతలను కలిగి ఉంటాడు, వాటిని అతను సరిగ్గా నిర్వహించాలి. ప్రజలు మంచితనాన్ని విశ్వసించాలి మరియు దేశం పట్ల ముఖ్యమైన విధులను ఎప్పుడూ విస్మరించకూడదు.

దేశ పౌరుడిగా, దేశం పట్ల నా కర్తవ్యం

ఎందరో గొప్ప స్వాతంత్ర్య సమరయోధుల త్యాగం మరియు పోరాటంతో సాధించబడిన బ్రిటిష్ పాలన నుండి మన దేశం స్వాతంత్ర్యం పొంది చాలా సంవత్సరాలు గడిచాయి. లక్షలాది ప్రజలతో పాటు తన అమూల్యమైన జీవితాన్ని త్యాగం చేసి స్వాతంత్ర్య కలను సాకారం చేసిన అతను దేశం పట్ల తన కర్తవ్యాన్ని నిజమైన అనుచరుడు. భారతదేశానికి స్వాతంత్ర్యం వచ్చిన తరువాత, ధనవంతులు మరియు రాజకీయ నాయకులు తమ స్వంత అభివృద్ధిలో మాత్రమే నిమగ్నమై ఉన్నారు మరియు దేశ అభివృద్ధిలో కాదు. బ్రిటీష్ పాలన నుండి మనం విముక్తి పొందడం నిజం, అయితే, దురాశ, నేరాలు, అవినీతి, బాధ్యతారాహిత్యం, సామాజిక సమస్యలు, బాల కార్మికులు, పేదరికం, క్రూరత్వం, ఉగ్రవాదం, ఆడ భ్రూణహత్యలు, లింగ అసమానత, వరకట్న-మరణాలు, సామూహిక అసమానత నుండి నేటి వరకు విముక్తి లేదు. అత్యాచారం మరియు ఇతర చట్టవిరుద్ధ కార్యకలాపాలు.

ప్రభుత్వం చేసే నియమాలు, చట్టాలు, అధికారాలు, చట్టాలు, ప్రచారాలు లేదా కార్యక్రమాలను రూపొందించడం మాత్రమే సరిపోదు, వాస్తవానికి ప్రతి భారతీయ పౌరుడు అన్ని చట్టవిరుద్ధ కార్యకలాపాల నుండి విముక్తి పొందేందుకు ఇవన్నీ ఖచ్చితంగా పాటించాలి. భారతీయ పౌరులు పేదరికం, లింగ అసమానత, బాల కార్మికులు, మహిళలపై అఘాయిత్యాలు మరియు ఇతర సామాజిక సమస్యల నిర్మూలనతో పాటు దేశం పట్ల తమ విధులను నిష్ఠతో నిర్వహించాలి. దేశాభివృద్ధిని సరైన మార్గంలో ముందుకు తీసుకెళ్లగల రాజకీయ నాయకుడిని ఎన్నుకునే హక్కు భారతీయ పౌరులకు ఉంది. అందువల్ల, వారి జీవితంలో చెడ్డవారిని నిందించే హక్కు వారికి లేదు. తమ రాజకీయ నాయకుడికి ఓటు వేసేటప్పుడు కళ్లు తెరిచి, అవినీతి మనస్తత్వం లేని, దేశాన్ని నడిపించగల సమర్థుడైన నాయకుడిని ఎన్నుకోవాలి.

నిజమైన అర్థంలో స్వావలంబనగా ఉండటానికి భారతదేశ పౌరులు తమ దేశం కోసం వ్యక్తిగతంగా తమ విధులను నిర్వర్తించడం అవసరం. దేశాభివృద్ధికి ఇవి చాలా అవసరం, దేశంలో క్రమశిక్షణ, సమయపాలన, విధేయత, నిజాయితీ గల పౌరులు ఉన్నప్పుడే సాధ్యమవుతుంది.

భారతీయ పౌరుల వివిధ పోస్టుల విధులు – ఎస్సే 3 (500 పదాలు)

దేశం పట్ల పౌరుల విధులు

భారతీయ పౌరుల వివిధ పోస్టులకు సంబంధించిన బాధ్యతలు క్రింది విధంగా ఉన్నాయి:

• తల్లిదండ్రులు: దేశానికి మంచి మరియు చెడు నాయకుడిని అందించడానికి తల్లిదండ్రులు ప్రధాన మూలం కాబట్టి దేశం పట్ల అత్యంత బాధ్యత వహిస్తారు. వారు పిల్లల ప్రాథమిక ప్రాథమిక పాఠశాల, కాబట్టి వారు దేశ భవిష్యత్తును పోషించే బాధ్యతను కలిగి ఉన్నందున వారు ఎల్లప్పుడూ శ్రద్ధగా ఉండాలి.

కొంతమంది అత్యాశగల తల్లిదండ్రుల కారణంగా (పేదలు లేదా ధనవంతులైనా), పేదరికం, లింగ అసమానత, బాల కార్మికులు, చెడు సామాజిక మరియు రాజకీయ నాయకులు, ఆడ భ్రూణహత్యలు మరియు తద్వారా దేశ భవిష్యత్తు వంటి సామాజిక దురాచారాలు మన దేశంలో ఇప్పటికీ ఉన్నాయి. తల్లిదండ్రులందరూ దేశం పట్ల తమ బాధ్యతలను అర్థం చేసుకోవాలి మరియు వారి పిల్లలను (అమ్మాయి లేదా అబ్బాయి) సరైన విద్య కోసం పాఠశాలకు పంపాలి, వారి పిల్లల ఆరోగ్యం, పరిశుభ్రత మరియు నైతిక వికాసానికి శ్రద్ధ వహించాలి, వారికి మంచి అలవాట్లు, మర్యాదలు నేర్పించాలి. , మరియు దేశం పట్ల వారి విధులు.

• ఉపాధ్యాయుడు: ఉపాధ్యాయులు తమ విద్యార్థులను మంచి మరియు విజయవంతమైన పౌరులుగా చేయడం ద్వారా దేశానికి మంచి భవిష్యత్తును అందించడంలో రెండవ మూలం. వారు తమ దేశం పట్ల తమ కర్తవ్యాన్ని అర్థం చేసుకోవాలి మరియు వారి విద్యార్థుల (ధనిక-పేద, తెలివైన- సగటు విద్యార్థులు) మధ్య ఎప్పుడూ వివక్ష చూపకూడదు. దేశానికి మంచి నాయకుడిని, ఉజ్వల భవిష్యత్తును అందించడానికి తన విద్యార్థులందరికీ సమానంగా బోధించాలి.
• వైద్యుడు: వైద్యుడు రోగికి కొత్త జీవితాన్ని ప్రసాదించినందున వారిని దేవుడిలా భావిస్తారు. కొందరి అత్యాశ వైద్యుల వల్ల దేశంలో హైటెక్ చికిత్సలు అందుబాటులో లేవు. దేశంలోని మధ్యతరగతి ప్రజలు కూడా పేదలకు కూడా ఇది చాలా ఖరీదైనది, కాబట్టి వారు వాటిని సేకరించలేరు. కొందరు ప్రభుత్వ వైద్యులు ఆసుపత్రుల్లో సక్రమంగా విధులు నిర్వర్తించక, సొంతంగా ప్రైవేట్ క్లినిక్‌లు తెరుస్తున్నారు. దేశంలోని అన్ని ఖరీదైన చికిత్సలను సరసమైన ధరలకు అవసరమైన వారందరికీ అందుబాటులో ఉంచే బాధ్యతను వారు అర్థం చేసుకోవాలి. ఉన్నత చదువులు చదివిన తర్వాత విదేశాలకు వెళ్లకూడదని, అయితే సొంత దేశంలోనే ఉంటూ దేశాభివృద్ధికి పాటుపడాలన్నారు.
• ఇంజనీర్ (ఇంజనీర్): దేశ నిర్మాణ అభివృద్ధి పనులకు ఇంజనీర్లు చాలా బాధ్యత వహిస్తారు. వారు తమ జ్ఞానాన్ని మరియు వృత్తిపరమైన నైపుణ్యాలను సరైన దిశలో దేశ అభివృద్ధికి సానుకూల మార్గంలో ఉపయోగించాలి. వారు అవినీతికి పాల్పడకూడదు మరియు వారి విధుల పట్ల విధేయతతో ఉండాలి.
• రాజకీయ నాయకులు: దేశ స్థాయి రాజకీయ నాయకులపై ఆధారపడి ఉంటుంది. ఒక రాజకీయ నాయకుడు (అత్యాశ లేనివాడు లేదా అవినీతిలో మునిగిపోడు) దేశ అభివృద్ధిలో తన వివిధ గొప్ప పాత్రలను పోషిస్తాడు, అయితే అవినీతి రాజకీయ నాయకుడు దేశాన్ని నాశనం చేయగలడు. కాబట్టి, రాజకీయ నాయకుడు తన విధులను అర్థం చేసుకోవాలి మరియు దేశం పట్ల తన విధులను నిజాయితీగా నిర్వహించాలి.
• పోలీసు కానిస్టేబుళ్లు: దేశవ్యాప్తంగా భద్రత, శాంతి మరియు సద్భావనలను కాపాడేందుకు నగరం, రాష్ట్ర మరియు జాతీయ స్థాయిలో వివిధ ప్రదేశాలలో పోలీసులను నియమిస్తారు. అతను ప్రజల ఆశ, కాబట్టి అతను తన దేశానికి మరియు ప్రజలకు విధేయుడిగా ఉండాలి.
• వ్యాపారవేత్త లేదా వ్యాపారవేత్త: తన దేశం పట్ల వ్యాపారవేత్త యొక్క ప్రధాన విధి విదేశాలలో కాకుండా దేశంలో గరిష్ట ఉపాధిని అందించడం మరియు తన దేశ ఆర్థిక వృద్ధి రేటును పెంచడంతోపాటు దేశంలో పేదరికాన్ని నిర్మూలించడానికి కృషి చేయడం. వారు ఎలాంటి అవినీతికి, అక్రమ రవాణాకు పాల్పడకూడదు.
• ఆటగాళ్ళు: ఆటగాళ్ళు తమ ఆట మరియు దేశం పట్ల విధేయతను కలిగి ఉండాలి మరియు దేశంలోని యువతకు రోల్ మోడల్స్ కాబట్టి వారు ఎలాంటి అవినీతి లేదా మ్యాచ్ ఫిక్సింగ్‌లో పాల్గొనకూడదు.
• సాధారణ పౌరుడు (ఆమ్-ఆద్మీ): సామాన్యుడు దేశానికి వివిధ మార్గాల్లో బాధ్యత వహిస్తాడు. వారు తమ చిత్తశుద్ధి గల విధులను అర్థం చేసుకోవాలి మరియు దేశాన్ని సరైన దిశలో తీసుకెళ్లగల మంచి నాయకుడిని ఎన్నుకోవాలి. వారు తమ ఇంటితో పాటు తమ పరిసరాలను పరిశుభ్రంగా మరియు పరిశుభ్రంగా ఉంచుకోవాలి, తద్వారా వారి కుటుంబం ఆరోగ్యంగా, సంతోషంగా మరియు వ్యాధి రహితంగా ఉంటుంది. వారు తమ వృత్తి పట్ల క్రమశిక్షణ, సమయపాలన మరియు విధికి కట్టుబడి ఉండాలి.

నా దేశం పట్ల నా కర్తవ్యం ఏమిటి – వ్యాసం 4 (600 పదాలు)

ఒక వ్యక్తి తన జీవితంలో తన పట్ల, కుటుంబం పట్ల, తల్లిదండ్రులు, పిల్లలు, భార్య, భర్త, పొరుగువారు, సమాజం, సమాజం మరియు ముఖ్యంగా దేశం పట్ల అనేక విధులను నిర్వహిస్తాడు. దేశం పట్ల ఒక వ్యక్తి యొక్క కర్తవ్యాలు దాని గౌరవాన్ని, ఉజ్వల భవిష్యత్తును కాపాడుకోవడానికి మరియు దానిని శ్రేయస్సు వైపు నడిపించడానికి చాలా ముఖ్యమైనవి.

నేను ఇక్కడ జన్మించినందున నేను భారతీయ పౌరుడిని. దేశం యొక్క బాధ్యతాయుతమైన పౌరుడిగా, నేను నా దేశం పట్ల అనేక విధులను కలిగి ఉన్నాను, అవి అన్నీ నెరవేర్చబడాలి. నా దేశ అభివృద్ధికి సంబంధించిన వివిధ అంశాలకు సంబంధించిన విధులను నేను నిర్వర్తించాలి.

విధులు ఏమిటి

దేశం యొక్క అభివృద్ధి మరియు గొప్ప అభివృద్ధి కోసం ప్రతి ఒక్కరూ వ్యక్తిగతంగా ప్రతిరోజూ చేయవలసిన పనులు లేదా కార్యకలాపాలు విధులు. తమ విధులను నిష్ఠగా నిర్వహించడం ప్రతి భారతీయ పౌరుడి బాధ్యత మరియు ఇది దేశానికి అవసరమైన డిమాండ్ కూడా.

దేశం పట్ల నా కర్తవ్యం ఏమిటి

దేశ పౌరుడు అంటే తాను మాత్రమే కాకుండా అతని/ఆమె పూర్వీకులు కూడా దాదాపు మొత్తం జీవితాన్ని ఆ దేశంలో గడిపారు, కాబట్టి ప్రతి దేశానికి కొన్ని విధులు కూడా ఉంటాయి. వేర్వేరు సభ్యులు కలిసి నివసించే ఇంటిని ఉదాహరణగా తీసుకుందాం, అయితే, ప్రతి ఇంటి పెద్ద సభ్యుడు ఇంటి మంచి మరియు ప్రశాంతమైన జీవితం కోసం చేసిన అన్ని నియమాలు మరియు నిబంధనలను అనుసరిస్తాడు. అదే విధంగా, మన దేశం కూడా మన ఇల్లు లాంటిది, దీనిలో వివిధ మతాల వారు కలిసి జీవిస్తారు, అయితే వారు దేశ అభివృద్ధి కోసం ప్రభుత్వం చేసిన కొన్ని నియమాలు మరియు చట్టాలను పాటించాలి. అన్ని సామాజిక సమస్యలను తొలగించి, దేశంలో నిజమైన స్వేచ్ఛను తీసుకురావడం ద్వారా దేశాన్ని అభివృద్ధి చెందుతున్న దేశాల వర్గంలోకి తీసుకురావడం దేశ విధులకు విధేయులైన పౌరుల లక్ష్యం.

ప్రభుత్వ లేదా ప్రైవేట్ రంగ కార్యాలయాలలో, సమయానికి పని చేసే ఉద్యోగులు సమయాన్ని వృథా చేయకుండా తమ విధులను విధేయతతో నిర్వహించాలి, ఎందుకంటే “సమయం వృధా చేస్తే సమయం వృధా చేస్తుంది” అని ఈ సందర్భంలో సరిగ్గా చెప్పబడింది. కాలం ఎవరి కోసం ఎదురుచూడదు, అది నిరంతరం నడుస్తుంది మరియు మనం సమయం నుండి నేర్చుకోవాలి. మన లక్ష్యం చేరే వరకు ఆగకూడదు. మన జీవితపు అతి ముఖ్యమైన లక్ష్యం మన దేశాన్ని నిజమైన అర్థంలో గొప్పగా మార్చడమే.

మనం స్వార్థపరులుగా ఉండకూడదు మరియు మన దేశం పట్ల మన కర్తవ్యాలను అర్థం చేసుకోవాలి. మనం మాత్రమే ప్రయోజనం పొందగలము మరియు దోపిడి చేయగలిగేది మరెవరికీ కాదు. మన ప్రతి చర్య మనల్ని సానుకూలంగా మరియు ప్రతికూలంగా ప్రభావితం చేస్తుంది (మనం సానుకూల చర్యలు చేస్తే మనకు ప్రయోజనం ఉంటుంది మరియు ప్రతికూల పనులు చేస్తే మనం దోపిడీకి గురవుతాము). కాబట్టి, మన దేశంలోనే దోపిడీకి గురికాకుండా మనల్ని మనం రక్షించుకోవడానికి, ఈ రోజు నుండి మనం ప్రతి అడుగును సానుకూలతతో సరైన దిశలో వేస్తామని ఈ రోజు ఎందుకు ప్రతిజ్ఞ చేయకూడదు. మన దేశానికి సరైన నాయకుడిని ఎన్నుకునే హక్కు మనకే ఉంది. కాబట్టి మనం ఇతరులను మరియు నాయకులను ఎందుకు నిందించాలి, మనల్ని మాత్రమే నిందించుకోవాలి మరియు ఇతరులను కాదు ఎందుకంటే మన బాధ్యతలను కోరినట్లుగా నిర్వహించలేదు. మేము మా స్వంత దినచర్యలో మాత్రమే నిమగ్నమై ఉన్నాము మరియు ఇతరుల జీవితాలు, పాఠ్యేతర కార్యకలాపాలు, దేశ రాజకీయ వ్యవహారాలు మొదలైన వాటిని పట్టించుకోలేదు. మన దేశం ఇప్పటికీ అభివృద్ధి చెందుతున్న దేశాల కేటగిరీలో కాకుండా అభివృద్ధి చెందిన దేశాల కేటగిరీలో ఉండటం మన తప్పు.

ఇది చాలా పెద్ద సమస్య మరియు మనం దానిని తేలికగా తీసుకోకూడదు. మనం అత్యాశ మరియు స్వార్థపరులుగా ఉండకూడదు; ఆరోగ్యకరమైన మరియు ప్రశాంతమైన జీవితాన్ని గడపడానికి మనల్ని మరియు ఇతరులను మనం అనుమతించాలి. మన దేశ ఉజ్వల భవిష్యత్తు మన చేతుల్లోనే ఉంది. మనల్ని మనం మార్చుకోవడానికి ఇంకా సమయం ఉంది, మనం బాగా చేయగలం. జీవితాన్ని తెరిచిన కళ్ళతో జీవించడం ప్రారంభించండి మరియు మీ దేశం పట్ల మీ బాధ్యతలను నెరవేర్చండి. మన హృదయం, శరీరం, మనస్సు మరియు చుట్టుపక్కల అన్ని ప్రాంతాలను శుభ్రపరచడం ద్వారా మనం తాజాగా మరియు మంచి ప్రారంభం కావాలి.

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ملک کے کسی بھی فرد کے فرائض سے مراد وہ ذمہ داریاں ہیں جو اس کے تمام عمر گروپ کے لیے ہیں جو اس کے ملک کے لیے ہیں۔ ملک کے لیے اپنی ذمہ داریوں کو نبھانے کے لیے ہمیں یاد دلانے کے لیے کوئی خاص وقت نہیں ہے، حالانکہ یہ ہر ہندوستانی شہری کا پیدائشی حق ہے کہ وہ ملک کے تئیں اپنے فرائض کو سمجھے اور اسے اپنے روزمرہ کے معمولات میں شامل کرے۔

اردو میں میرے ملک کی طرف میری ذمہ داری پر مختصر اور طویل مضمون

ایک ذمہ دار شہری کے فرائض – مضمون 1 (300 الفاظ).

ہندوستان ایک مذہبی، ثقافتی اور روایتی ملک ہے اور تنوع میں اتحاد کے لیے مشہور ہے۔ تاہم، اسے ترقی، بدعنوانی، سماجی جدوجہد، خواتین کے خلاف جرائم، غربت، آلودگی، گلوبل وارمنگ وغیرہ کے خاتمے کے لیے اپنے شہریوں کی مزید کوششوں کی ضرورت ہے۔ حکومت پر شور مچانے اور الزام تراشی کے بجائے عوام کو ملک کے تئیں اپنے فرائض کو سمجھنا چاہیے۔ ملک کی ترقی اور ترقی کے لیے ہر شخص ذاتی طور پر ذمہ دار ہے۔ لوگوں کو لاون توز کے مشہور قول کو کبھی نہیں بھولنا چاہیے ، “ہزار میل کا سفر ایک قدم سے شروع ہوتا ہے” ۔ ہر ایک کو اپنے بنیادی فرائض سے آگاہ ہونا چاہیے اور ان کو نظر انداز کیے بغیر ان پر عمل کرنا چاہیے۔ ملک کے اچھے اور ذمہ دار شہری ہونے کے ناطے ہر ایک کو اپنے فرائض ایمانداری سے ادا کرنے چاہئیں جیسے:

• عوام کو حکومت کے بنائے گئے تمام اصولوں اور قوانین پر عمل کرنا چاہیے۔ انہیں حکام کا احترام کرنا چاہئے اور کسی بھی اصول کو نہیں توڑنا چاہئے اور ساتھ ہی دوسروں کو بھی ایسا کرنے کی ترغیب دینا چاہئے۔
• انہیں اپنے خلاف کوئی جرم برداشت نہیں کرنا چاہیے اور کرپشن کے خلاف آواز اٹھانی چاہیے۔ انہیں معاشرے کو منفی اثرات سے بچاتے ہوئے اپنے تمام شہری اور سماجی فرائض ادا کرنے چاہئیں۔
• وہ ضرورت مند لوگوں کو حل فراہم کریں، سمجھداری سے ووٹ دیں اور اپنے تمام ٹیکس وقت پر ادا کریں۔
• انہوں نے سماج کے فائدے کے لیے آر ٹی آئی حاصل کی۔ اور R.T.E. ایسے کاموں کی مدد لی جائے۔
• اپنے اردگرد صفائی کو برقرار رکھنے کے لیے صفائی مہم میں سب کو حصہ لینا چاہیے۔ وہ بچوں کو کچرے کے ڈبے میں ناکارہ اشیاء ڈالنا اور عوامی سامان کا خیال رکھنا سکھائیں۔
• جو لوگ اہل ہیں وہ گیس کی سبسڈی چھوڑ دیں۔
• سب کو ایماندار اور ملک اور ہم وطنوں کا وفادار ہونا چاہیے۔ ان میں ایک دوسرے کے لیے احترام کا جذبہ ہونا چاہیے اور ملک کی فلاح و بہبود کے لیے بنائی گئی سماجی اور اقتصادی پالیسیوں کا بھی احترام کرنا چاہیے۔
• لوگ اپنے بچوں کو تعلیم میں شامل کریں اور ان کی صحت اور بچپن کا خیال رکھیں۔ وہ اپنے بچوں کو چائلڈ لیبر اور دیگر جرائم پر مجبور نہ کریں۔
• لوگوں کو اپنے ملک کو دنیا کا بہترین ملک بنانے کی کوشش کرنی چاہیے۔

ایک شہری کی حیثیت سے ملک کے لیے میرا فرض ہے – مضمون 2 (400 الفاظ)

کسی بھی شخص کے فرائض وہ ذمہ داریاں ہیں جو اسے ذاتی طور پر نبھانی ہیں۔ ایک شہری جو کسی معاشرے، برادری یا ملک میں رہتا ہے، اس کے ملک، سماج یا برادری کے لیے بہت سے فرائض اور ذمہ داریاں ہیں، جنہیں اسے بخوبی نبھانا ہے۔ لوگوں کو نیکی پر یقین رکھنا چاہئے اور ملک کے تئیں اہم فرائض میں کبھی کوتاہی نہیں کرنی چاہئے۔

ملک کے شہری ہونے کے ناطے ملک کے لیے میرا فرض ہے۔

ہمارے ملک کو برطانوی راج سے آزادی ہوئے کئی سال گزر چکے ہیں، جو آزادی کے کئی عظیم جنگجوؤں کی قربانیوں اور جدوجہد سے حاصل ہوئی تھی۔ وہ ملک کے تئیں اپنے فرائض کے حقیقی پیروکار تھے جنہوں نے لاکھوں لوگوں سمیت اپنی انمول جانوں کا نذرانہ پیش کرکے آزادی کے خواب کو حقیقت کا روپ دیا۔ ہندوستان کی آزادی کے بعد امیر لوگ اور سیاست دان صرف اپنی ترقی میں لگے ہوئے تھے ملک کی ترقی میں نہیں۔ یہ درست ہے کہ ہم انگریزوں کے راج سے تو آزاد ہو چکے ہیں، تاہم لالچ، جرائم، بدعنوانی، غیر ذمہ داری، سماجی مسائل، چائلڈ لیبر، غربت، ظلم، دہشت گردی، لڑکیوں کی نسل کشی، صنفی عدم مساوات، جہیز، قتل عام سے آج تک آزاد نہیں ہوسکے۔ عصمت دری اور دیگر غیر قانونی سرگرمیاں۔

حکومت کی طرف سے محض قواعد، قوانین، اتھارٹیز، ایکٹ، مہم یا پروگرام بنانا کافی نہیں ہے، درحقیقت ان سب پر سختی سے ہر ہندوستانی شہری کو عمل کرنا چاہیے تاکہ وہ تمام غیر قانونی سرگرمیوں سے پاک رہے۔ ہندوستانی شہریوں کو سب کی بھلائی کے لیے غربت، صنفی عدم مساوات، چائلڈ لیبر، خواتین کے خلاف مظالم اور دیگر سماجی مسائل کے خاتمے کے ساتھ ساتھ ملک کے تئیں اپنے فرائض کو وفاداری کے ساتھ ادا کرنا چاہیے۔ ہندوستانی شہریوں کو اپنا سیاسی لیڈر منتخب کرنے کا حق ہے جو ملک کی ترقی کو درست سمت میں آگے لے جا سکے۔ اس لیے انہیں اپنی زندگی میں برے لوگوں پر الزام لگانے کا کوئی حق نہیں ہے۔ وہ اپنے سیاسی لیڈر کو ووٹ دیتے وقت اپنی آنکھیں کھلی رکھیں اور ایسے لیڈر کا انتخاب کریں جو حقیقی معنوں میں کرپٹ ذہنیت سے پاک ہو اور ملک کی قیادت کرنے کی صلاحیت رکھتا ہو۔

ہندوستان کے شہریوں کے لیے ضروری ہے کہ وہ اپنے ملک کے لیے ذاتی طور پر اپنے فرائض انجام دیں تاکہ حقیقی معنوں میں خود انحصاری ہو۔ یہ ملک کی ترقی کے لیے بہت ضروری ہیں جو اسی وقت ممکن ہو سکتے ہیں جب ملک میں نظم و ضبط، وقت کے پابند، فرض شناس اور ایماندار شہری ہوں۔

ہندوستانی شہریوں کے مختلف عہدوں کے فرائض – مضمون 3 (500 الفاظ)

ملک کے تئیں شہریوں کے فرائض

ہندوستانی شہریوں کے مختلف عہدوں کے لیے درج ذیل ذمہ داریاں ہیں:

• والدین: والدین ملک کے تئیں سب سے زیادہ ذمہ دار ہوتے ہیں کیونکہ وہ ملک کو اچھے اور برے لیڈر دینے کا اصل ذریعہ ہوتے ہیں۔ یہ بچوں کا بنیادی بنیادی اسکول ہیں، اس لیے انہیں ہر وقت توجہ دینی چاہیے کیونکہ وہ ملک کے مستقبل کی پرورش کے ذمہ دار ہیں۔

کچھ لالچی والدین کی وجہ سے (خواہ وہ غریب ہو یا امیر)، ہمارے ملک میں اب بھی سماجی برائیاں موجود ہیں جیسے غربت، صنفی عدم مساوات، چائلڈ لیبر، برے سماجی اور سیاسی رہنما، لڑکیوں کی نسل کشی اور اس طرح ملک کا مستقبل تاریک ہے۔ تمام والدین کو چاہیے کہ وہ ملک کے تئیں اپنے فرائض کو سمجھیں اور اپنے بچوں کو (خواہ وہ لڑکی ہو یا لڑکا) مناسب تعلیم کے لیے اسکول بھیجیں، اپنے بچوں کی صحت، صفائی ستھرائی اور اخلاقی نشوونما کا خیال رکھنے کے ساتھ ساتھ انھیں اچھی عادات، آداب بھی سکھائیں۔ ، اور ملک کے تئیں ان کے فرائض۔

• استاد: اساتذہ اپنے طلباء کو اچھا اور کامیاب شہری بنا کر ملک کو اچھا مستقبل دینے کا دوسرا ذریعہ ہیں۔ انہیں اپنے ملک کے تئیں اپنے فرض کو سمجھنا چاہئے اور اپنے طلباء (امیر-غریب، ذہین- اوسط طلباء) کے درمیان کبھی بھی امتیاز نہیں کرنا چاہئے۔ اسے چاہیے کہ وہ اپنے تمام طلبہ کو یکساں طور پر پڑھائے تاکہ ملک کو اچھا لیڈر اور روشن مستقبل دیا جائے۔
• ڈاکٹر: ڈاکٹر کو مریض کے لیے دیوتا سمجھا جاتا ہے کیونکہ وہ انہیں نئی ​​زندگی دیتا ہے۔ چند لالچی ڈاکٹروں کی وجہ سے ملک میں ہائی ٹیک علاج دستیاب نہیں ہیں۔ جو ملک کے غریبوں حتیٰ کہ متوسط ​​طبقے کے لوگوں کے لیے بھی بہت مہنگا ہے، اس لیے وہ انہیں جمع کرنے کے قابل نہیں ہیں۔ کچھ سرکاری ڈاکٹر ہسپتالوں میں اپنی ڈیوٹی ٹھیک طریقے سے ادا نہیں کرتے اور اپنے پرائیویٹ کلینک کھول لیتے ہیں۔ انہیں اپنی ذمہ داری سمجھنی چاہیے کہ وہ ملک میں تمام مہنگے علاج تمام ضرورت مندوں کو سستے داموں دستیاب کرائیں۔ اعلیٰ تعلیم کے بعد بیرون ملک نہ جائیں البتہ اپنے ملک میں رہ کر ملک کی بہتر ترقی کے لیے کام کریں۔
• انجینئر (انجینئر): انجینئرز ملک کے تعمیراتی ترقیاتی کاموں کے لیے بہت زیادہ ذمہ دار ہیں۔ انہیں اپنے علم اور پیشہ ورانہ مہارت کی تکنیک کو درست سمت میں مثبت انداز میں ملک کی ترقی کے لیے استعمال کرنا چاہیے۔ انہیں بدعنوانی میں ملوث نہیں ہونا چاہئے اور اپنے فرائض سے وفادار رہنا چاہئے۔
• سیاست دان: کسی ملک کی سطح کا انحصار ملک کے سیاستدانوں پر ہوتا ہے۔ ایک سیاست دان (جو نہ لالچی ہے اور نہ ہی کرپشن میں ملوث ہے) ملک کی ترقی میں اپنے مختلف عظیم کردار ادا کرتا ہے جبکہ ایک کرپٹ سیاستدان ملک کو تباہ کر سکتا ہے۔ اس لیے سیاست دان کو چاہیے کہ وہ اپنے فرائض کو سمجھے اور ملک کے تئیں اپنے فرائض ایمانداری سے ادا کرے۔
• پولیس کانسٹیبل: پورے ملک میں سیکورٹی، امن اور خیر سگالی کو برقرار رکھنے کے لیے شہر، ریاستی اور قومی سطح پر مختلف مقامات پر پولیس تعینات کی جاتی ہے۔ وہ عوام کی امید ہے اس لیے اسے اپنے ملک اور عوام کا وفادار ہونا چاہیے۔
• بزنس مین یا بزنس مین: اپنے ملک کے تئیں ایک تاجر کا بنیادی فرض یہ ہے کہ وہ بیرون ملک نہیں بلکہ ملک میں زیادہ سے زیادہ روزگار فراہم کرے اور اپنے ملک کی معاشی ترقی کی شرح کو بڑھانے کے ساتھ ساتھ ملک میں غربت کے خاتمے کے لیے کوششیں کرے۔ وہ کسی قسم کی کرپشن اور سمگلنگ میں ملوث نہ ہوں۔
• کھلاڑی: کھلاڑیوں کو اپنے کھیل اور ملک کے ساتھ وفاداری ہونی چاہیے اور انہیں کسی قسم کی کرپشن یا میچ فکسنگ میں ملوث نہیں ہونا چاہیے کیونکہ وہ ملک کے نوجوانوں کے رول ماڈل ہیں۔
• عام شہری (عام آدمی): عام آدمی مختلف طریقوں سے ملک کے لیے ذمہ دار ہے۔ انہیں اپنے مخلصانہ فرائض کو سمجھنا چاہیے اور ملک کی قیادت کے لیے ایک اچھے رہنما کا انتخاب کرنا چاہیے جو ملک کو درست سمت میں لے جا سکے۔ انہیں چاہیے کہ وہ اپنے گھر کے ساتھ ساتھ اپنے اردگرد کو صاف ستھرا رکھیں تاکہ ان کا خاندان صحت مند، خوش اور بیماری سے پاک رہ سکے۔ انہیں نظم و ضبط، وقت کا پابند اور اپنے پیشے کے حوالے سے فرض شناس ہونا چاہیے۔

میرے ملک کے لیے میرا کیا فرض ہے – مضمون 4 (600 الفاظ)

ایک شخص اپنی زندگی میں اپنے، خاندان، والدین، بچوں، بیوی، شوہر، پڑوسیوں، معاشرے، برادری اور سب سے اہم ملک کے لیے بہت سے فرائض سرانجام دیتا ہے۔ ملک کے تئیں انسان کے فرائض اس کے وقار، روشن مستقبل کو برقرار رکھنے اور اسے فلاح کی طرف لے جانے کے لیے بہت اہم ہیں۔

میں کون ہوں

میں ایک ہندوستانی شہری ہوں کیونکہ میں یہاں پیدا ہوا ہوں۔ ملک کا ایک ذمہ دار شہری ہونے کے ناطے میں اپنے ملک کے تئیں بہت سے فرائض ادا کرتا ہوں جنہیں پورا کرنا چاہیے۔ مجھے اپنے ملک کی ترقی سے متعلق مختلف پہلوؤں کے فرائض سرانجام دینے چاہئیں۔

فرائض کیا ہیں

فرائض وہ کام یا سرگرمیاں ہیں جو ہر فرد کو روزانہ کی بنیاد پر ملک کی بہتری اور عظیم تر ترقی کے لیے کرنا چاہیے۔ یہ ہر ہندوستانی شہری کی ذمہ داری ہے کہ وہ اپنے فرائض کو ایمانداری سے ادا کرے اور یہ ملک کا ایک ضروری مطالبہ بھی ہے۔

ملک کے لیے میرا کیا فرض ہے؟

ملک کا شہری وہ ہوتا ہے جس نے نہ صرف خود بلکہ اس کے آباؤ اجداد نے بھی تقریباً ساری زندگی اس ملک میں گزاری ہو، اس لیے ہر قوم کے کچھ فرائض بھی ہیں۔ آئیے ایک گھر کی مثال لیتے ہیں جہاں مختلف افراد ایک ساتھ رہتے ہیں، تاہم ہر گھر کا سربراہ گھر کی اچھی اور پرامن زندگی کے لیے سب سے بڑے فرد کے بنائے گئے تمام اصول و ضوابط پر عمل کرتا ہے۔ اسی طرح ہمارا ملک بھی ہمارے گھر جیسا ہے جس میں مختلف مذاہب کے لوگ ایک ساتھ رہتے ہیں حالانکہ انہیں کچھ اصول اور قوانین پر عمل کرنے کی ضرورت ہے جو حکومت نے ملک کی ترقی کے لیے بنائے ہیں۔ فرائض سے وفادار شہریوں کا مقصد ملک میں حقیقی آزادی لاکر تمام سماجی مسائل کو دور کرکے ترقی پذیر ممالک کے زمرے میں لانا ہے۔

سرکاری یا پرائیویٹ سیکٹر کے دفاتر میں وقت پر کام کرنے والے ملازمین وقت ضائع کیے بغیر اپنے فرائض دیانتداری کے ساتھ ادا کریں کیونکہ اس حوالے سے درست کہا جاتا ہے کہ ’’اگر ہم وقت ضائع کریں گے تو وقت ضائع کرے گا‘‘۔ وقت کسی کا انتظار نہیں کرتا، یہ مسلسل چلتا ہے اور ہمیں وقت سے سیکھنا چاہیے۔ ہمیں اس وقت تک رکنا نہیں چاہیے جب تک ہم اپنے مقصد تک نہ پہنچ جائیں۔ ہماری زندگی کا سب سے اہم مقصد اپنے ملک کو حقیقی معنوں میں عظیم بنانا ہے۔

ہمیں خود غرض نہیں ہونا چاہئے اور اپنے ملک کے تئیں اپنے فرائض کو سمجھنا چاہئے۔ یہ صرف ہم ہیں، کوئی اور نہیں، جس سے فائدہ اٹھایا جا سکتا ہے اور استحصال بھی۔ ہمارا ہر عمل ہمیں مثبت اور منفی دونوں طرح سے متاثر کرتا ہے (اگر ہم مثبت کام کریں گے تو ہمیں فائدہ ہوگا اور اگر ہم منفی کام کریں گے تو ہمارا استحصال ہوگا)۔ اس لیے کیوں نہ آج یہ عہد کر لیا جائے کہ اپنے ہی ملک میں استحصال کا شکار ہونے سے بچانے کے لیے آج سے ہم مثبت انداز میں درست سمت میں ہر قدم اٹھائیں گے۔ اپنے ملک کے لیے صحیح رہنما کا انتخاب کرنے اور اس پر حکومت کرنے کا حق ہمیں ہے۔ تو پھر ہم دوسروں اور لیڈروں کو کیوں مورد الزام ٹھہرائیں، ہمیں صرف اپنے آپ کو مورد الزام ٹھہرانا چاہیے اور دوسروں کو نہیں کیونکہ ہم ہی تھے جنہوں نے اپنے فرائض کو جیسا کہ مطالبہ کیا تھا ادا نہیں کیا۔ ہم صرف اپنے روزمرہ کے معمولات میں مصروف تھے اور دوسروں کی زندگیوں، غیر نصابی سرگرمیوں میں مشغول تھے، ملک کے سیاسی معاملات وغیرہ کی پرواہ نہیں کی۔ یہ ہماری غلطی ہے کہ ہمارا ملک آج بھی ترقی پذیر ممالک کے زمرے میں نہیں بلکہ ترقی یافتہ ممالک کے زمرے میں ہے۔

یہ ایک بڑا مسئلہ ہے اور ہمیں اسے ہلکا نہیں لینا چاہیے۔ ہمیں لالچی اور خود غرض نہیں ہونا چاہیے۔ ہمیں خود کو اور دوسروں کو صحت مند اور پرامن زندگی گزارنے کی اجازت دینی چاہیے۔ ہمارے ملک کا روشن مستقبل ہمارے اپنے ہاتھ میں ہے۔ اب بھی وقت ہے خود کو بدلیں، ہم بہتر کر سکتے ہیں۔ کھلی آنکھوں سے زندگی جینا شروع کریں اور اپنے ملک کے تئیں اپنے فرائض کو پورا کریں۔ ہمیں اپنے دل، جسم، دماغ اور اردگرد کے تمام علاقوں کو صاف کرکے ایک نئی اور اچھی شروعات کرنی چاہیے۔

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Essay on Our Country in English (150, 200, 250, 500 Words)

Here, we’ve presented essays on “Our Country” in 150, 200, 250 & 500 word samples. All the essays will be helpful for students of all classes i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & class 12.

Table of Contents

Essay on Our Country in 150 Words

Introduction.

Our country is a diverse land filled with rich culture, history, and natural beauty. It is a place where people from different backgrounds come together to form a unique tapestry of traditions and values.

The Cultural Mosaic

One of the most remarkable aspects of our country is its cultural diversity. From vibrant festivals to delicious cuisine, each region boasts its own distinct identity. This cultural mosaic not only adds color to our lives but also fosters a sense of unity in diversity.

The Land of Opportunities

Our country offers countless opportunities for growth and development. With a booming economy and a rapidly advancing technology sector, there are ample chances for individuals to pursue their dreams and aspirations. Moreover, our country’s democratic values ensure that everyone has a voice and equal opportunities.

In conclusion, our country is not just a geographical entity but a symbol of unity, diversity, and progress. It is a place where dreams take flight and aspirations turn into reality. As proud citizens, it is our responsibility to cherish and preserve the rich heritage of our nation for generations to come.

Our Country Essay in 200 Words

Our country stands as a beacon of unity amidst its diverse tapestry of cultures, landscapes, and traditions. It is a land that encapsulates both the timeless beauty of its ancient past and the dynamic energy of its modern aspirations.

A Nation of Diversity

One of the most captivating aspects of our country is its incredible diversity. From the snow-capped peaks of the Himalayas to the sun-kissed beaches of the coastal regions, every corner of our country offers a unique blend of sights, sounds, and flavors. This diversity extends to its people, who represent a multitude of languages, religions, and ethnicities, yet find unity in their shared love for the nation.

The Spirit of Resilience

Our country has endured its fair share of challenges throughout history, yet it has always emerged stronger and more resilient. Whether facing natural disasters, political turmoil, or economic downturns, the indomitable spirit of its people shines through, inspiring hope and perseverance.

Opportunities for Growth

In our country, the possibilities for growth and progress are endless. With a burgeoning economy and a burgeoning tech industry, there are abundant opportunities for innovation and entrepreneurship. Moreover, the democratic ideals upon which our nation was founded ensure that every individual has the chance to contribute to its development.

In conclusion, our country is not merely a geographical entity but a living, breathing testament to the triumph of unity over diversity, resilience over adversity, and progress over stagnation. As citizens, it is our duty to uphold the values that define our nation and work towards building a brighter future for generations to come.

Essay Writing on Our Country in 250 Words

India, our beloved country, is a land of contrasts, where ancient traditions harmonize with modern aspirations. It is a nation steeped in history, culture, and diversity, offering a glimpse into the tapestry of humanity.

A Cultural Kaleidoscope

One of the most striking features of India is its rich cultural heritage. From the majestic forts of Rajasthan to the tranquil backwaters of Kerala, each region boasts its own unique customs, festivals, and cuisine. This cultural kaleidoscope not only mesmerizes visitors but also instills a sense of pride and belonging in its citizens.

Unity in Diversity

Despite its vast diversity, India stands united as one nation. With over a thousand languages spoken and a multitude of faiths practiced, it is a testament to the power of unity in diversity. This unity is reflected in the Indian Constitution, which guarantees equal rights and opportunities to all its citizens regardless of caste, creed, or gender.

Economic Growth and Development

In recent years, India has emerged as a global economic powerhouse, with a thriving IT sector, bustling manufacturing industry, and a burgeoning startup ecosystem. This economic growth has lifted millions out of poverty and opened doors to new possibilities for the youth of the nation.

Challenges and Opportunities

However, India also faces its fair share of challenges, from poverty and inequality to environmental degradation and social unrest. Yet, it is in overcoming these challenges that India finds its greatest opportunities for growth and transformation.

Embracing Innovation

In the age of digital revolution, India is at the forefront of innovation and technological advancement. From launching missions to explore space to pioneering renewable energy solutions, the nation is carving a path towards a brighter and sustainable future.

In conclusion, India is not just a country; it is a vibrant tapestry of colors, cultures, and contradictions. As proud citizens, it is our duty to preserve and protect the rich heritage of our nation while striving towards a more inclusive, equitable, and prosperous future for all.

Writing an Essay on Our Country in 500 Words

India, our motherland, is a mosaic of diversity, heritage, and opportunity. With a history spanning thousands of years and a population of over 1.3 billion, India stands as the world’s largest democracy and one of its most vibrant nations.

A Tapestry of Cultures

India’s cultural heritage is as vast and varied as its geographical expanse. From the ancient temples of Varanasi to the bustling streets of Mumbai, each corner of the country tells a story of its own. With 29 states and 7 union territories, India is home to a kaleidoscope of languages, religions, and traditions. According to the 2011 Census, India recognizes 122 major languages and 1599 other languages.

Economic Growth and Challenges

In recent decades, India has experienced rapid economic growth, emerging as one of the world’s fastest-growing major economies. According to the World Bank, India’s GDP reached $2.87 trillion in 2020, making it the fifth-largest economy in the world. However, this growth has been uneven, with significant disparities between urban and rural areas, and persistent challenges such as poverty, unemployment, and income inequality.

Technological Advancements

India’s prowess in technology and innovation is gaining global recognition. With a thriving IT industry and a rapidly expanding startup ecosystem, the country is poised to lead the digital revolution. In 2021, India surpassed the United States to become the world’s second-largest smartphone market, with over 760 million smartphone users.

Social and Environmental Issues

Despite its progress, India grapples with various social and environmental challenges. Rapid urbanization has led to overcrowded cities, pollution, and strain on resources. According to the World Health Organization, 14 out of the 15 most polluted cities in the world are in India. Moreover, issues such as gender inequality, caste discrimination, and inadequate access to healthcare and education continue to hinder the nation’s development.

Rural Development

The majority of India’s population resides in rural areas, where agriculture remains the primary source of livelihood. The government has launched several initiatives to boost rural development and alleviate poverty. Programs like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) provide employment opportunities and infrastructure development in rural areas.

Education and Skill Development

Investing in education and skill development is crucial for India’s future prosperity. While the country has made significant progress in increasing literacy rates, disparities persist, especially among marginalized communities. The government’s Skill India initiative aims to train over 400 million people by 2022, equipping them with the skills needed for the 21st-century workforce.

Sustainable Development Goals

India is committed to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. These goals address various social, economic, and environmental challenges, including poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water, and sanitation. Through concerted efforts and partnerships, India is working towards building a more sustainable and equitable future for all its citizens.

In conclusion, India’s journey towards progress and development is marked by both achievements and challenges. As a nation, it is imperative to harness the diversity, innovation, and resilience that define India’s spirit. By addressing key issues, investing in human capital, and fostering sustainable development, India can realize its vision of becoming a prosperous, inclusive, and resilient nation in the 21st century.

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My Duty towards my Country Essay

Essay on my duty towards my country for students.

Duty of any person of the country in his/her any age group is a must to do responsibility of that person towards his/her country. There is no any particular time which will call anyone to perform the duty towards country however it is the birth rights of every Indian citizen to understand and perform all the duties towards their country as daily routine or whenever required according to the type of duty. The Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, has said to discuss this topic in the schools, colleges and other places at the Republic Day celebration of India 2016.

Long and Short Essay on Duty towards my Country in English

We have provided here variety of essay on my Duty towards my Country in order to help students. All the my Duty towards my Country essay are written using simple English language especially for the students. They can select anyone according to the need and requirement:

Duty towards my Country Essay 1 (100 words)

We can say that duty is a moral and legal responsibility of a person which he/she must have to perform towards country. It is a task or action needed to be performed as a job by each and every citizen of the country. Performing duties towards the nation is the respect of a citizen towards his/her nation. Everyone must follow all the rules and regulation as well as be courteous and loyal for responsibilities towards the nation. There are various duties of a person towards nation such as economical growth, development, cleanliness, good governance, quality education, removing poverty, removing all the social issues, bring gender equality, have respect to everyone, go for voting, remove child labour to give healthy youths to the nation and many more.

Duty towards my Country Essay 2 (150 words)

Duty towards country is having moral commitments and performing all the individual or group responsibilities. It is must be understood by each and every citizen of the country. India is a country which believes ‘unity in diversity’ where people of more than one religions, casts, creed and languages live together. It is a country famous all across the world for its culture, tradition and historical heritages however still counted as developing country because of the irresponsibility of its citizens.

There is a big gap between rich and poor people. Rich people do not understand and perform their responsibilities towards poor people. They forget their responsibility of economical growth in the country which is possible by eliminating poverty from the country. Everyone should help backward people to grow up, remove social issues, corruption, bad politics, etc running in the country. A very good example of loyal and selfless duty towards country is the duty performed by the Indian soldiers at the borders.

They stand up there 24 hrs to protect us and our country from the rivals. They perform their duty regularly even they face various big problems on the orders. They are away from their loved ones and do not get comfort and luxury life. However, despite of getting all the basic facilities in our life, we are unable to perform even our small responsibilities like cleanliness, following rules, etc.

Duty towards my Country Essay 3 (200 words)

Individual Duties of People towards Country

Being a citizen or a member of the society, community, or country needs some duties to be performed individually. Everyone has to perform duties of citizenship in the country in order provide bright future. A country is backward, poor, or developing, everything depends on its citizens especially if a country is democratic country. Everyone should exist in the state of good citizen and be loyal towards country. People should follow all the rules, regulations and laws made by the government for their safety and betterment of life.

They should believe in equality and live with proper equation in the society. Being a common citizen, no one shows sympathy with the crime and must raise voice against that. People in India have power to elect their chief minister, prime minister, and other political leader through their votes, so they never waste their votes by selecting bad leaders who can corrupt their country. However, they should understand and know properly about his/her leaders and then give right vote. Their duty is to make their country clean and beautiful. They should not destroy and dirt the heritages and other tourist places. People must take interest in the daily news other than their daily routine activities in order to know what bad or good are going on in their country.

Duty towards my Country Essay 4 (250 words)

India is a religious, cultural and traditional country and famous for the unity in diversity. However, it needs more efforts from the end of its citizens to keep it clean, free of corruption, free of social issues, crimes against women, poverty, pollution, global warming, etc for more development. People need to understand their duties towards country instead of shouting and blaming to the government. Each and every person is individually responsible for the growth and development in the country. People should never forget a famous quote said by Lao Tzu that, “The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step”. Everyone should be aware of their fundamental duties and follow without ignorance. As being a good and responsible citizen of the country, everyone must perform duties very loyally as:

• People should obey all the rule and laws made by the government. They should respect the authority and do not break rules as well as motivate others to do the same.
• They should not bear any crime against them and must raise voice against corruption. They must perform civic and social duties without negatively affecting the society.
• They should provide solutions to needy people, vote intelligently and pay their all taxes a proper time.
• They should take the help of acts like RTI, RTE, etc for the goodness of society.
• Everyone must involve in the cleanliness campaign to keep surroundings and locality clean. They should teach kids to use dustbin to throw useless things and take care of the public properties.
• People, who are able, must leave their gas subsidy for poor people.
• Everyone should be honest and loyal to the country and fellow citizens. They have feeling of respect to each other and must respect social and economic policies for the welfare of the country.
• People must involve their kids in the education and take care of their health and childhood. They should not force their kids for child labour and other crimes.
• People should try their best to make a best country of the world.

Duty towards my Country Essay 5 (300 words)

Introduction

Duty of a person is the responsibility which he/she needs to perform individually. A citizen living in the society, community or country has various duties and responsibilities towards the society, community and country to be performed in right manner. People should have faith in goodness and never ignore important duties towards their country.

My Duties towards my Country as being a Citizen

Years have been passed since our country got independence from the British rule by the sacrifices of many great freedom fighters. They were real followers of their duties towards country who really made possible the dream of freedom in the country by paying very costly cost of lives of millions of people. After independence of India, rich people and politicians got involved in their own development only and not the country. It is true that we have been independent from the British rule however not from the greediness, crimes, corruption, irresponsibility, social issues, child labour, poverty, cruelty, terrorism, female infanticide, gender inequality, dowry death, gang rape, and other illegal activities.

It is not enough making only rules, regulations, laws, acts, campaigns and programmes by the government, they are needed to be followed strictly by each and every Indian citizen to be really free from all the illegal activities. Indian citizens need to perform their loyal duties towards country for the betterment of everyone by eliminating poverty, gender inequality, child labour, crimes against women and other social issues. Indian citizens have right to select their own political leader which can lead their country in right direction towards development. So, they do not have right to blame bad people in their life. They must keep their eyes opened while voting their political leaders and chose the one who is really free of corrupt mind and has capability to lead a country.

It is must for the people of India to perform their duties individually towards country to really become independent in true sense. It is very necessary for the development of the country which can be possible only from the end of its disciplined, punctual, dutiful and honest citizens.

Duty towards my Country Essay 6 (400 words)

A person has various duties in his/her life towards himself, family, parents, kids, wife, husband, neighbors, society, community and most importantly towards the country. Duties of a person towards country are very important to maintain its dignity, bright future, and lead it towards betterment.

I am an Indian citizen as I took birth here. As being a responsible citizen of the country, I have many duties towards my country which I must fulfill all that. I have to perform my duties in various aspects and all that related to the development of my country.

What is Duty

Duty is a task or action needed to be performed by each and every individual of the country on regular basis for the betterment and more development. Performing duty loyally is the responsibility of Indian citizens and is the demand of development in country.

What are my Duties towards my Country

Citizen of a country is the person who lives almost his/her full life and leaves his/her ancestors too, so everyone has some duties towards country. Take an example of home in which various members live together however everyone has to follow all the rules and regulations made by a most senior person or head of the family for the betterment and peaceful life in the home. Just like that, our country is like a home in which people of various religions live together however they need to follow some rules and regulations made by the government for more development in the country. Loyal duties of citizens aim to remove all the social issues, bring real independence in the country and come under the category of developed countries.

People working in the government or private offices, must go on time and perform their duties loyally without wasting time as there is a true saying that “if we destroy time, time will destroy us”. Time never waits anyone, it runs continuously and we should learn from the time. We should not stay until we get the goal in our life. The most important goal of our life is to make our country a great country in true sense.

We should not be selfish people and understand our duties towards country. It’s we, not others who are both, the victim and the benefiter. Our each and every activity affects us in positive and negative manner (if we do positive we become benefiter and if we do negative we become victim). So, why we do not take pledge today to take our each and every step positively in right direction in order to get protected from being a victim in our own country. It is us who have right to rule the country by selecting a good leader. So, why we blame others or politicians, we should blame only us and not others as it’s we who are not performing duties according to the demand. We have been involved in our own daily routine only and have not any mean to other’s life, extracurricular activities, political affairs of the country, etc. It is our mistake that our country is still in the category of developing country and not in the developed country.

It is a big problem man; we should not take it easy. We should not be greedy and selfish; we should live and let others live a healthy and peaceful life. The bright future of our country is in our own hand. Still there is a time and chance for us, we can do better. Start living with open eyes and perform true duties towards the country. We should maintain the cleanliness of our heart, body, mind and surrounding areas for the good start.

Duty towards my Country Essay 7 (600 words)

Duties of Citizens towards Country as : Following are the responsibilities of Indian citizens at their different positions:

• Parents : Parents are highly responsible for their country as they are the main source of giving good or bad leaders to the country. They are considered as the first basic school for their kids so they should be attentive all time as they are responsible to nourish the future of the country. Because of some greedy parents (whether poor or rich), our country is still having poverty, gender inequality, child labour, bad social or political leaders, female infanticide, and thus poor future of the country. All the parents should understand their duties towards country and must send their kids to the school (whether boy or girl) for proper education, take care of the health, hygiene and moral development of their kids, teach good habits and etiquettes, and teach them their responsibilities towards country.
• Teacher : Teachers are the secondary source of giving their country a nice future by making their students as good and successful citizens of country in the future. They should understand their duties towards country and never show difference among their students (rich and poor, genius and average students, etc). They should teach their all students in equal manner in order to give good leaders and bright future to the country.
• Doctor : A doctor is considered as God for the patients as he/she gives new life to them. Because of some greedy doctors, high technique treatments are not available within the country. They are very costly to which poor or even middle class people cannot afford. Some government doctors do not perform their duties well in the hospital and open their personal clinics at many places to earn more money. They should understand their responsibility of making available all the costly treatments at affordable cost within the country. They should not go abroad after higher study however, work in their own country for better development.
• Engineer : Engineers are highly responsible for the infrastructure development in the country. They should positively use their knowledge and professional skills in right direction to develop their country. They should not involve in corruption and be loyal to their duties.
• Politician : The status of the country depends on its politician. A politician (who is not greedy and not involved in corruption) plays various great roles in the development of country whereas a corrupt politician can destroy the country. So, a politician must understand and perform his/her duties towards country.
• Policemen : Police is allotted at various places in the city, state and national level in order to maintain security, peace and harmony all over the country. They are the hope of people, so they should be loyal towards people as well as country.
• Businessmen : The duty of a businessman towards his country is to create more employment in the country and not in abroad in order to improve economy as well as reduce poverty in the country. He should not involve in the corruption and smuggling.
• Sportsperson : Sportsperson should play their games and sports loyally in their own country and should not involve in any type of corruption or match fixing as they are role model to many growing youths of the country.
• Common Citizen (Aam Adami) : Common citizens are highly responsible in various ways to their country. They should understand their loyal duties and chose a good leader to lead their country in right direction. They should make their home and surrounding areas neat and clean so that they can be healthy, happy and free of diseases. They should be disciplined, punctual, and always be on time without getting late even for a minute to their job where they are working in any profession.

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Essay on Responsibilities of A Good Citizen | Responsibilities of A Good Citizen Essay for Students and Children in English

February 7, 2024 by Prasanna

Essay on Responsibilities of A Good Citizen – Given below is a Long and Short Essay on Responsibilities of A Good Citizen for aspirants of competitive exams, kids and students belonging to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. The Responsibilities of A Good Citizen essay 100, 150, 200, 250, 500 words in English help the students with their class assignments, comprehension tasks, and even for competitive examinations.

You can also find more Essay Writing articles on events, persons, sports, technology and many more.

Discursive Essay on Duties of a Good Citizen 500+ words for kids and students in English

A good citizen has to imbibe many qualities. The fact that he has some duties and responsibilities to bear, is true. But at the same time, he also enjoys some rights and privileges as a citizen of a free state. While he has every right to participate in the judicial, legal, political, religious and social affairs of the nation, he has also some responsibilities He must not hurt the sentiments of others and must protect the weak from the strong. Being loyal to the nation and the society, under all the circumstances, is his first and foremost duty.

A good citizen must be ready to sacrifice his life for the .sake of his motherland. He must love his nation and be a nationalist. He should have firm and deep faith in his motherland. He should obey the laws of the land. But he must also keep in mind the welfare of the state, the benefit of society and the long term interests of the nation.

A good citizen must respect the cultural heritage of his country. He should respect the heroes, the prophets, the sages and saints of his country. He must respect the race to which he belongs. He must always keep in mind the future of his country. He must raise the standard of living of his country by working honestly.

During times of aggression or foreign attacks, he must be ready to shed his blood for the sake of his motherland. Therefore, defence of the country is the supreme duty of a good citizen.

A good citizen must live in peace and harmony with his neighbours and fellow citizens. He must respect the institutions of his country. A good citizen must always respect the laws of the state and should have no patience with criminals and anti-social elements.

He must be vigilant against the enemies of the country. He must not do something that may help the anti-nationalist or the enemies of the country. He must cling to high ideals. He must be aware of what is happening in his country.

Unity of the nation should be his topmost priority. He should work for the unity of the country. A goodwill for all, the protection of the weak, help for the victims and a sympathetic attitude towards his fellow citizens are the qualities that are needed in a good citizen.

A good citizen should have a spirit of co-operation, friendliness, humanity, dedication and devotion towards his family and society. He must respect other faiths. He must not do anything that brings disgrace to his society or to his country. “Greatest good of the greatest number of people” should be his principle. All these good qualities, if possessed, make us good citizens.

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Our Duty our Honor our Country

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What does the three words duty, honor, country mean to you? These words are more than just simple definitions, but are the keywords that define us as true patriotic Americans. These words are what every true American should try their best to follow and fulfill. These words shape not just us as individuals, but our country as a whole. Without duty, honor, country, America could not be nearly as strong as it is today.

Obviously, in order to fulfill these three words, you have to understand what each of them mean.

Duty is the act of serving your country whether it be through military service, emergency services, working an everyday job, or even just helping out your community with community service. By fulfilling our duty we help keep our country together and strong. Honor is the act of showing respect to your country by saluting during the national anthem or doing the pledge to the American flag every morning, but it also means to respect your fellow Americans as well. Showing respect to each other and our country makes our bond as a country even stronger. Country is the act of putting your country before yourself, whether it be to help your fellow Americans in time of need, or enlisting to help fight off an enemy force. By fulfilling this, we, of course, make our country stronger.

Now as for I, I am still young, so my actions for this country are not quite that significant as of now, though there are a few ways that I have fulfilled the meanings of duty, honor, country. For example, I have done a good amount of community service for my community by assisting with the local recycling center, picking up trash around my community, and even helping my fellow Americans with any work they needed to get done at times. By doing this I have shown acts of duty. As for honor, I ensure that I fully say the pledge every morning, and always make sure to stand tall and salute whenever I hear the national anthem play, along with showing kindness and respect to my fellow Americans and peers. By doing this, I have shown acts of honor towards my country. For country, I haven’t really done much if i’m entirely honest. For country, I have assisted in the collection of donations of both toys and money to buy toys in order to provide poor American families with toys in order to ensure that their children get the nice and enjoyable christmas that they deserve. By doing this, I believe that I have shown acts of country.

Showing sacrifice for duty, honor, country is very important for not just our country, but for Americans as a whole. Fulfilling our duty ensures that the country is safe, secured, well-maintained, and continues to grow even stronger. Honor helps ensure that we have pride for our country and that we will always stand tall for our country and our fellow Americans no matter what obstacles we may encounter. Showing sacrifice for country could be the most important of all, though. By showing sacrifice for country, we ensure that our country will stand strong and united for years to come, and shows just how much we care about our country. By showing sacrifice for duty, honor, country, we are ensuring that our country continues to stay strong, grow stronger, and allows Americans to become even more united as one.

As Americans, we must always ensure that we are doing our best to fulfill the ideals of duty, honor, country. We must be willing to stand strong and do what it takes to make our country proud. We do this by helping out our communities, serving in the armed forces, the emergency services, or even in an everyday job, along with showing respect to each other and our colors. We must be willing to show sacrifice in order to ensure that our country stands tall, strong, and united. Now, what will you do in order to fulfill your duty, your honor, and your country?

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My Duty towards my Country Essay

Duty of any person of the country in his/her any age group is a must to do responsibility of that person towards his/her country. There is no any particular time which will call anyone to perform the duty towards country however it is the birth rights of every Indian citizen to understand and perform all the duties towards their country as daily routine or whenever required according to the type of duty. The Prime Minister of India , Narendra Modi, has said to discuss this topic in the schools, colleges and other places at the Republic Day celebration of India 2016.

Long and Short Essay on Duty towards my Country in English

We have provided here variety of essay on my Duty towards my Country in order to help students. All the my Duty towards my Country essay are written using simple English language especially for the students. They can select anyone according to the need and requirement:

Duty towards my Country Essay 1 (100 words)

We can say that duty is a moral and legal responsibility of a person which he/she must have to perform towards country. It is a task or action needed to be performed as a job by each and every citizen of the country. Performing duties towards the nation is the respect of a citizen towards his/her nation. Everyone must follow all the rules and regulation as well as be courteous and loyal for responsibilities towards the nation. There are various duties of a person towards nation such as economical growth, development, cleanliness, good governance, quality education, removing poverty, removing all the social issues, bring gender equality, have respect to everyone, go for voting, remove child labour to give healthy youths to the nation and many more.

Duty towards my Country Essay 2 (150 words)

Duty towards country is having moral commitments and performing all the individual or group responsibilities. It is must be understood by each and every citizen of the country. India is a country which believes ‘unity in diversity’ where people of more than one religions, casts, creed and languages live together. It is a country famous all across the world for its culture, tradition and historical heritages however still counted as developing country because of the irresponsibility of its citizens.

There is a big gap between rich and poor people. Rich people do not understand and perform their responsibilities towards poor people. They forget their responsibility of economical growth in the country which is possible by eliminating poverty from the country. Everyone should help backward people to grow up, remove social issues, corruption, bad politics, etc running in the country. A very good example of loyal and selfless duty towards country is the duty performed by the Indian soldiers at the borders.

They stand up there 24 hrs to protect us and our country from the rivals. They perform their duty regularly even they face various big problems on the orders. They are away from their loved ones and do not get comfort and luxury life. However, despite of getting all the basic facilities in our life, we are unable to perform even our small responsibilities like cleanliness, following rules, etc.

Duty towards my Country Essay 3 (200 words)

Individual Duties of People towards Country

Being a citizen or a member of the society, community, or country needs some duties to be performed individually. Everyone has to perform duties of citizenship in the country in order provide bright future. A country is backward, poor, or developing, everything depends on its citizens especially if a country is democratic country. Everyone should exist in the state of good citizen and be loyal towards country. People should follow all the rules, regulations and laws made by the government for their safety and betterment of life.

They should believe in equality and live with proper equation in the society. Being a common citizen, no one shows sympathy with the crime and must raise voice against that. People in India have power to elect their chief minister, prime minister, and other political leader through their votes, so they never waste their votes by selecting bad leaders who can corrupt their country. However, they should understand and know properly about his/her leaders and then give right vote. Their duty is to make their country clean and beautiful. They should not destroy and dirt the heritages and other tourist places. People must take interest in the daily news other than their daily routine activities in order to know what bad or good are going on in their country.

Duty towards my Country Essay 4 (250 words)

India is a religious, cultural and traditional country and famous for the unity in diversity. However, it needs more efforts from the end of its citizens to keep it clean, free of corruption, free of social issues, crimes against women, poverty, pollution, global warming, etc for more development. People need to understand their duties towards country instead of shouting and blaming to the government. Each and every person is individually responsible for the growth and development in the country. People should never forget a famous quote said by Lao Tzu that, “The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step”. Everyone should be aware of their fundamental duties and follow without ignorance. As being a good and responsible citizen of the country, everyone must perform duties very loyally as:

• People should obey all the rule and laws made by the government. They should respect the authority and do not break rules as well as motivate others to do the same.
• They should not bear any crime against them and must raise voice against corruption. They must perform civic and social duties without negatively affecting the society.
• They should provide solutions to needy people, vote intelligently and pay their all taxes a proper time.
• They should take the help of acts like RTI, RTE, etc for the goodness of society.
• Everyone must involve in the cleanliness campaign to keep surroundings and locality clean. They should teach kids to use dustbin to throw useless things and take care of the public properties.
• People, who are able, must leave their gas subsidy for poor people.
• Everyone should be honest and loyal to the country and fellow citizens. They have feeling of respect to each other and must respect social and economic policies for the welfare of the country.
• People must involve their kids in the education and take care of their health and childhood. They should not force their kids for child labour and other crimes.
• People should try their best to make a best country of the world.

Duty towards my Country Essay 5 (300 words)

Introduction

Duty of a person is the responsibility which he/she needs to perform individually. A citizen living in the society, community or country has various duties and responsibilities towards the society, community and country to be performed in right manner. People should have faith in goodness and never ignore important duties towards their country.

My Duties towards my Country as being a Citizen

Years have been passed since our country got independence from the British rule by the sacrifices of many great freedom fighters. They were real followers of their duties towards country who really made possible the dream of freedom in the country by paying very costly cost of lives of millions of people. After independence of India, rich people and politicians got involved in their own development only and not the country. It is true that we have been independent from the British rule however not from the greediness, crimes, corruption, irresponsibility, social issues, child labour, poverty, cruelty, terrorism, female infanticide, gender inequality, dowry death, gang rape, and other illegal activities.

It is not enough making only rules, regulations, laws, acts, campaigns and programmes by the government, they are needed to be followed strictly by each and every Indian citizen to be really free from all the illegal activities. Indian citizens need to perform their loyal duties towards country for the betterment of everyone by eliminating poverty, gender inequality, child labour, crimes against women and other social issues. Indian citizens have right to select their own political leader which can lead their country in right direction towards development. So, they do not have right to blame bad people in their life. They must keep their eyes opened while voting their political leaders and chose the one who is really free of corrupt mind and has capability to lead a country.

It is must for the people of India to perform their duties individually towards country to really become independent in true sense. It is very necessary for the development of the country which can be possible only from the end of its disciplined, punctual, dutiful and honest citizens.

Duty towards my Country Essay 6 (400 words)

A person has various duties in his/her life towards himself, family, parents, kids, wife, husband, neighbors, society, community and most importantly towards the country. Duties of a person towards country are very important to maintain its dignity, bright future, and lead it towards betterment.

I am an Indian citizen as I took birth here. As being a responsible citizen of the country, I have many duties towards my country which I must fulfill all that. I have to perform my duties in various aspects and all that related to the development of my country.

What is Duty

Duty is a task or action needed to be performed by each and every individual of the country on regular basis for the betterment and more development. Performing duty loyally is the responsibility of Indian citizens and is the demand of development in country.

What are my Duties towards my Country

Citizen of a country is the person who lives almost his/her full life and leaves his/her ancestors too, so everyone has some duties towards country. Take an example of home in which various members live together however everyone has to follow all the rules and regulations made by a most senior person or head of the family for the betterment and peaceful life in the home. Just like that, our country is like a home in which people of various religions live together however they need to follow some rules and regulations made by the government for more development in the country. Loyal duties of citizens aim to remove all the social issues, bring real independence in the country and come under the category of developed countries.

People working in the government or private offices, must go on time and perform their duties loyally without wasting time as there is a true saying that “if we destroy time, time will destroy us”. Time never waits anyone, it runs continuously and we should learn from the time. We should not stay until we get the goal in our life. The most important goal of our life is to make our country a great country in true sense.

We should not be selfish people and understand our duties towards country. It’s we, not others who are both, the victim and the benefiter. Our each and every activity affects us in positive and negative manner (if we do positive we become benefiter and if we do negative we become victim). So, why we do not take pledge today to take our each and every step positively in right direction in order to get protected from being a victim in our own country. It is us who have right to rule the country by selecting a good leader. So, why we blame others or politicians, we should blame only us and not others as it’s we who are not performing duties according to the demand. We have been involved in our own daily routine only and have not any mean to other’s life, extracurricular activities, political affairs of the country, etc. It is our mistake that our country is still in the category of developing country and not in the developed country.

It is a big problem man; we should not take it easy. We should not be greedy and selfish; we should live and let others live a healthy and peaceful life. The bright future of our country is in our own hand. Still there is a time and chance for us, we can do better. Start living with open eyes and perform true duties towards the country. We should maintain the cleanliness of our heart, body, mind and surrounding areas for the good start.

Duty towards my Country Essay 7 (600 words)

Duties of Citizens towards Country as : Following are the responsibilities of Indian citizens at their different positions:

• Parents : Parents are highly responsible for their country as they are the main source of giving good or bad leaders to the country. They are considered as the first basic school for their kids so they should be attentive all time as they are responsible to nourish the future of the country. Because of some greedy parents (whether poor or rich), our country is still having poverty, gender inequality, child labour, bad social or political leaders, female infanticide, and thus poor future of the country. All the parents should understand their duties towards country and must send their kids to the school (whether boy or girl) for proper education, take care of the health, hygiene and moral development of their kids, teach good habits and etiquettes, and teach them their responsibilities towards country.
• Teacher : Teachers are the secondary source of giving their country a nice future by making their students as good and successful citizens of country in the future. They should understand their duties towards country and never show difference among their students (rich and poor, genius and average students, etc). They should teach their all students in equal manner in order to give good leaders and bright future to the country.
• Doctor : A doctor is considered as God for the patients as he/she gives new life to them. Because of some greedy doctors, high technique treatments are not available within the country. They are very costly to which poor or even middle class people cannot afford. Some government doctors do not perform their duties well in the hospital and open their personal clinics at many places to earn more money. They should understand their responsibility of making available all the costly treatments at affordable cost within the country. They should not go abroad after higher study however, work in their own country for better development.
• Engineer : Engineers are highly responsible for the infrastructure development in the country. They should positively use their knowledge and professional skills in right direction to develop their country. They should not involve in corruption and be loyal to their duties.
• Politician : The status of the country depends on its politician. A politician (who is not greedy and not involved in corruption) plays various great roles in the development of country whereas a corrupt politician can destroy the country. So, a politician must understand and perform his/her duties towards country.
• Policemen : Police is allotted at various places in the city, state and national level in order to maintain security, peace and harmony all over the country. They are the hope of people, so they should be loyal towards people as well as country.
• Businessmen : The duty of a businessman towards his country is to create more employment in the country and not in abroad in order to improve economy as well as reduce poverty in the country. He should not involve in the corruption and smuggling.
• Sportsperson : Sportsperson should play their games and sports loyally in their own country and should not involve in any type of corruption or match fixing as they are role model to many growing youths of the country.
• Common Citizen (Aam Adami) : Common citizens are highly responsible in various ways to their country. They should understand their loyal duties and chose a good leader to lead their country in right direction. They should make their home and surrounding areas neat and clean so that they can be healthy, happy and free of diseases. They should be disciplined, punctual, and always be on time without getting late even for a minute to their job where they are working in any profession.

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Home — Essay Samples — Government & Politics — Army — Serving with Honor: Why I Want to Join the Military

Serving with Honor: Why I Want to Join The Military

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Published: Sep 5, 2023

Words: 639 | Page: 1 | 4 min read

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An unwavering sense of duty, aligning with core values, a path of purpose.

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My Duty Towards My Country - Free Essay Examples and Topic Ideas

One’s duty towards their country is to promote and uphold its values, culture, and heritage. It is important to contribute towards the growth and development of the nation by obeying its laws, paying taxes, and working towards its progress. Respecting the national symbols, participating in civic activities, and supporting the welfare of the underprivileged are also some ways to fulfill one’s responsibility towards their country. Ultimately, one must strive towards creating a better future for the country and its citizens.

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Essay on Patriotism | Importance | Concept | 100, 150, 200, 300 & 500 Words

Patriotism is a word that gives rise to the feelings of love and respect for one’s country. It is an emotion that can be felt by people of all ages or social statuses. Whether it’s singing the national anthem at a sports event or hoisting the flag on Independence Day, patriotism is an essential part of our lives. Let’s see 5 amazing examples of essay on patriotism.

Essay on Patriotism – 100 + Words

Patriotism is the feeling of love and loyalty for our country. It connects us to our nation. When we are patriotic, we care about our country’s well-being. Patriots help their country make progress. Being patriotic means respecting our flag. It also means appreciating our culture. Being a patriot also means being proud of our country’s achievements. Patriots work together to overcome challenges of any nation. Patriotism teaches us to be responsible citizens. It is a value that should be nourished and celebrated by people of all ages and backgrounds. Patriotism is a feeling we should all aim for. We can show it in different ways, like going to national events or supporting those in need. It’s our duty as citizens to join hands and safeguard our country’s values and freedoms, so that future generations can benefit from them.

Essay on Patriotism | All Class | 150 + Words

Patriotism is a special feeling of love and loyalty towards our own country. It means caring deeply about our nation and wanting to make it better. Being patriotic is like having a strong bond with our mother . We show our love for our country by respecting our flag, appreciating our history, and valuing our traditions. Patriotism is not just for certain groups of people, it is something that everyone can feel. It reminds us to be proud of our country’s achievements and to work together to overcome challenges. When we are patriotic, we understand that we have a responsibility to contribute our part to the progress of our nation. Furthermore, patriotism inspires us to stand up for what is right and just for the good of our country. When faced with challenges or threats to our nation’s safety, patriotism motivates us to act and defend it. In conclusion, patriotism is being patriotic means loving and supporting our nation, and it is something that anyone can embrace.

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Essay on Patriotism | All Class | 200 + Words

Patriotism is the expression of love and devotion towards one’s country. It is the reflection of pride that we feel for our nation and its rich heritage as citizens. When we are patriotic, we deeply care about our country’s well-being and want to make it a better place. Patriotism is not just a word, it’s an emotion that connects us to our nation. It’s the feeling of pride we get when we see our flag flying high. We are filled with respect when we listen to our national anthem being played. Patriotism is important because it gives us a sense of identity and purpose. We become invested in our country’s future and work towards making it better for ourselves and generations to come. Patriotism also promotes unity among people from different backgrounds All people living in a country share a common love for their country. Furthermore, patriotism inspires us to stand up for what is right and just for the good of our country. When faced with challenges or threats to our nation’s safety, patriotism motivates us to take action and defend it. Patriotism motivates us to protect the rights and freedoms that our nation stands for. It inspires us to be good global citizens and to represent our country with dignity and respect. In summary, patriotism is an important quality that unites us as a nation. Let’s welcome patriotism and work hard to improve our country for future generations.

Essay for Patriotism

  When we think of the importance of patriotism, four kinds of people haunt our mind. People of the first kind are those who are chauvinists. They are obsessed with the idea of patriotism. They are practically fascists like Hitler and Mussolini. Such people may be imperialistic like Churchill. The second kind of people is traitors like Quisling. But unlike Quisling, such people generally remain hidden under the surface. Many of them may pose to be great patriots but actually they may be outright traitors. The third kind of people may be just indifferent to the idea of patriotism and they may maintain this indifferent attitude at all times even in the times of calamities and natural disasters. The fourth kind of people, who may be the commonest, may be of the type who remain indifferent to the idea generally but rise to occasion in time of war, floods, earthquakes, cyclones, and famines or other disasters and national calamities. To these kinds may be added a fifth kind. Such people may be more dangerous and treacherous than ordinary traitors. These are the people who engage themselves in antinational activities such as terrorism, communalism, fake currency making, scams, smug selling sensitive military and other information to the enemies of the country, etc.  We must bear in mind that the nation whose people do not have the spirit of patriotism in them, will just disintegrate sooner or later, we must bow to our country which is our motherland where we are born and which supplies us everything we need.  The man who does not love his country is just a dead soul as Sir Walter Scott has said:-

`Breathes there the man with soul so dead, Who never to himself hath said?  “This is my own, my native land!”

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Essay on Patriotism | all Class | 300 + Words

Patriotism is not just a word, it’s an emotion that fills our hearts with pride and love for our country. It serves as an inspiration to people all around the world who share similar feelings towards their homeland. It’s not about blind loyalty or following the government blindly, but rather it means to appreciate the sacrifices of our freedom fighters. Patriotism also means standing up for what is right for your country. There have been several patriots who came before us and to work towards creating a better future for generations after us. Being patriotic is important because it instills a sense of unity among citizens of a country. Patriotism also helps in preserving national identity and culture. By celebrating traditions and customs unique to our country, we can embrace diversity while still maintaining a strong sense of belonging. Moreover, patriotism promotes accountability among leaders. When citizens demand change or improvement in their society, they do so out of love for their country and its people. There are certain ways in which we can express ourselves as great patriots. One way to show patriotism is by serving in the military or working for the betterment of society. Another way to express patriotism is by respecting national symbols like flags, anthems, and monuments. It is important to remember that patriotism should never be used as an excuse for hatred towards other countries or cultures. True patriots are those who celebrate diversity and promote unity among their fellow citizens. As citizens of our respective countries, it is essential to understand how our actions impact others around us. We must strive towards creating a peaceful environment where everyone can live together harmoniously without any discrimination based on caste, creed, race, or religion. Whether we are students, teachers, doctors, or farmers, we all can be patriotic and contribute in our ways. It can be through small acts of kindness, volunteering for community service, or actively participating in the democratic process. It’s also important to acknowledge that patriotism can bring unity amongst people who share similar values and beliefs. It may also divide those who don’t agree with each other politically or socially. Therefore, any discussion on patriotism must consider the diverse perspectives of different groups. In conclusion, being patriotic means loving your country wholeheartedly but at the same time respecting other cultures and people around you. Let us all become true patriots by working together to make this world a better place

Essay on Patriotism- 500 + Words

Patriotism, a word that carries immense significance and pride in one’s nation. It is more than just waving flags or singing national anthems; it is an emotion that ignites the fire of love for our country within us. Patriotism comes in many forms and shapes, ranging from acts of sacrifice to simply respecting the laws and institutions of our land. Through this essay on patriotism, we will dive deeper into what patriotism means to us, its importance, benefits, types, and how we can express it in our everyday lives.

What is patriotism?

Patriotism is the devotion and love one feels for their country. It is a deep-rooted emotion that inspires individuals to take pride in their nation’s culture, history, and achievements. Patriotism can be expressed in various ways, from serving in the military to simply following traffic rules. At its core, patriotism is about acknowledging and respecting the values that our country stands for. It means putting aside our individual interests for the greater good of society. Being patriotic doesn’t mean blindly following everything our government does; it means holding them accountable when they fail to uphold those values. Patriotism also involves recognizing and celebrating diversity within our communities while still uniting under a common identity as citizens of a particular country. By embracing each other’s differences, we can work towards creating an inclusive society where everyone feels valued and respected. Patriotism isn’t just about loving your country; it’s about actively working towards making it better. Whether through community service or political activism, every person has a role to play in building a healthier, more prosperous nation.

Definition of patriotism

Patriotism can be defined as the love and devotion that a person has towards their country. It involves recognizing the value and importance of one’s country, its culture, traditions, history, and people. Patriotism is also about showing respect for the symbols and institutions of one’s nation. However, there are different perspectives on what patriotism truly means. Some view it as blind loyalty to one’s government or political leaders while others see it as standing up against injustices perpetrated by those in power. Regardless of how it is interpreted, patriotism plays a significant role in shaping national identity and fostering social cohesion among citizens. It inspires individuals to contribute positively to their communities through acts of service, volunteerism, or civic engagement. In essence, patriotism should be viewed not only as an emotional attachment but also an active commitment towards making society better for all citizens.

The different types of patriotism

Patriotism can take on different forms depending on the individual and their beliefs. Some may express it through their love for their country’s history and culture, while others may show it by serving in the military or community. One type of patriotism is civic patriotism, which involves a commitment to upholding the values and principles of one’s country, such as democracy, freedom, and justice. It often entails being an active participant in society by voting, volunteering, or speaking out against injustice. Another form of patriotism is cultural patriotism which focuses on celebrating and preserving a country’s unique traditions, customs, arts & literature. This kind of Patriotism highlights the importance placed upon language, symbols, and art that have helped shape national identity over time. Militaristic patriotism typically centers around supporting military action taken by one’s government in order to protect its citizens from foreign threats or enemies. This kind of Patriotism has more direct connections with armed forces because they are seen as protecting one’s homeland from external dangers.

The importance of patriotism

Patriotism is an essential aspect of any nation’s culture and identity. It helps to create a sense of unity and belonging among citizens, which is crucial for the development and progress of any country. Patriotism also plays a vital role in promoting national values, traditions, and ideals. One significant importance of patriotism is that it fosters national unity among citizens. When people feel proud to be part of their country, they tend to work towards its prosperity with zeal and enthusiasm. This results in social cohesion, which leads to the stability necessary for sustained growth. Another critical importance of patriotism is that it promotes respect for national institutions such as the government, military forces, judiciary systems etc. Such collective admiration fosters trust among citizens in these institutions resulting in better governance, security as well as law enforcement within state borders. Furthermore, patriotism encourages individuals to participate actively in civic duties such as voting during elections. It emphasizes on citizen participation not only during elections but other forms like volunteering or serving on community boards. This creates trust between governments and citizens leading to stronger democracies where people have more power over decision-making processes. While patriotism has its flaws when taken too far; it serves primarily important roles within nations by fostering loyalty, respect, and appreciation from people living there. Such virtues promote shared goals resulting in peaceful coexistence amongst all groups living within the state borders.

The benefits of patriotism

Patriotism may seem like an abstract concept, but it actually has tangible benefits for both individuals and society as a whole. Here are some of the advantages that come with being patriotic: Firstly, patriotism fosters a sense of unity and belonging among citizens. When people feel connected to their country and its values, they are more likely to work together towards common goals. This can lead to stronger communities, better governance and ultimately, a more prosperous nation. Secondly, patriotism instills a sense of pride in one’s heritage and culture. By celebrating the unique aspects of their country’s history and traditions, citizens can develop a greater appreciation for diversity while also preserving their own identity. Thirdly, patriotism encourages civic engagement and participation in public life. When people care about what happens in their community or country they’re motivated to participate in democracy through voting or volunteering which is essential for maintaining healthy democracies. Studies have shown that patriotic individuals tend to have higher levels of well-being than those who lack national pride. This could be because feeling rooted in something larger than oneself provides comfort during difficult times. In short , Patriotism brings many individual benefits such as fostering unity, bolstering self-esteem, civic duty, and improved well-being

How to Express Patriotism

Expressing patriotism is a personal choice that can take many forms. One way to express patriotism is by flying the flag of your country outside your house or on your car. This simple act shows everyone that you are proud of where you come from and support its values. Another way to express patriotism is by participating in community events such as parades or festivals celebrating national holidays. These events bring people together, fostering a sense of unity and pride for their shared heritage. Furthermore, supporting local businesses and products made in your home country can also be viewed as a form of patriotism. By choosing to buy locally-made goods, you are contributing to the growth and success of your nation’s economy. Additionally, volunteering for causes that support veterans, first responders, or other public servants who risk their lives for the safety and well-being of others can show gratitude towards those who have sacrificed so much for our nation. Expressing patriotism doesn’t have to be grandiose gestures; it can be small actions that reflect one’s love and appreciation for their homeland.

What patriotism means to me

Patriotism means different things to different people, and for me, it’s all about love for my country. It’s the feeling of pride that comes with being a part of something bigger than myself – a nation with its own unique culture, history, and values. To me, patriotism is also about responsibility. As citizens, we have a duty to contribute positively to our society and work towards making it better for future generations. This could mean volunteering in our communities or getting involved in politics to help shape policies that benefit everyone. Another aspect of patriotism that resonates with me is the idea of unity. Despite our differences in race, religion or political beliefs, we are all united by our love for this country. Patriotism reminds us that we are stronger when we stand together as one nation under God. Patriotism inspires gratitude within me – gratitude for the sacrifices made by those who came before us to secure the freedoms and opportunities we enjoy today. It motivates me to do my part in preserving these rights and ensuring they remain available for generations to come. Patriotism is more than just waving flags on Independence Day or singing national anthems; it’s an enduring commitment towards building a better tomorrow while honoring our past heritage.

How to express patriotism

Expressing patriotism can be as simple as displaying the national flag on special occasions or singing the national anthem with pride. However, there are other ways you can show your love for your country. Firstly, being an active and responsible citizen is a great way to express patriotism. This includes paying taxes, obeying laws, and participating in community service activities. Secondly, supporting local businesses and products can also be seen as a form of patriotism. By doing so, you are contributing to the growth of your country’s economy. Thirdly, educating yourself about your country’s history and culture is vital in expressing patriotism. Knowing about significant events that shaped the nation and celebrating cultural festivals helps promote unity among citizens. Spreading positivity about your country through social media platforms or personal interactions also shows how much you care for it. Highlight its achievements and progress as well as acknowledge its shortcomings while striving towards positive change. Expressing patriotism goes beyond just waving flags or reciting anthems; it requires one to actively participate in building a better nation.

Patriotism is a vital element that every citizen of any country should embrace. It brings about unity, helps us to appreciate our heritage and culture, and motivates us to work towards the development of our nation. Patriotism instills in us the sense of responsibility and encourages us to contribute towards making our nation a better place for ourselves and future generations. As citizens, we must strive to promote harmony amongst fellow nationals irrespective of their religion, race or background. Therefore, let’s all express patriotism through various means such as volunteering for community service projects or actively participating in national events. Let’s take pride in our country by promoting peace and unity wherever we find ourselves. Ultimately it is up to each individual patriot to decide how they want their love for their country expressed but always remember that expressing patriotism goes beyond just words – it requires actions.

1.What does patriotism imply in everyday life? Ans : Patriotism manifests in various ways in everyday life. Here are some examples of what patriotism implies in our daily lives: 1) Being patriotic means understanding and following the laws of our country. It implies that we respect the rules and regulations set forth by our government and strive to be law-abiding citizens. 2) Patriotism involves actively participating in civic duties. This can include voting in elections, voicing our opinions on important matters, and staying informed about current events. By engaging in these activities, we contribute to the democratic process and help shape the future of our country. 3) Patriotism extends to our local communities. It implies being actively involved in community service, volunteering, and supporting local initiatives. By giving back to our community, we contribute to its well-being and foster a sense of unity among its members. 4) Patriotism implies embracing the diversity that exists within our country. It means treating all individuals with respect and fairness, regardless of their background, ethnicity, religion, or beliefs. By promoting inclusivity, we strengthen the fabric of our society and work towards a more harmonious nation. In essence, patriotism in everyday life means being an active and engaged citizen who contributes positively to the betterment of our country. It involves upholding the values, principles, and responsibilities that come with being a member of our nation.

2. How is patriotism much better than nationalism? Even though nationalism is a negative concept, why do people follow it? Ans : Patriotism and nationalism are two related but distinct concepts, and their differences lie in their underlying principles and implications. While patriotism can be seen as a positive and inclusive love for one’s country, nationalism often carries more negative connotations and can lean towards exclusionary and aggressive tendencies. Patriotism, at its core, represents a deep love, pride, and loyalty towards one’s own country. It emphasizes a sense of belonging and a desire to contribute to the well-being of the nation. nationalism tends to focus on the superiority and interests of one’s nation over others. It can lead to an exclusionary mindset, fostering divisions and animosity towards those who are perceived as different. Nationalism often prioritizes the pursuit of power and dominance, potentially leading to aggression, discrimination, and conflict. Despite the negative aspects associated with nationalism, some people may still follow it for various reasons. These reasons can include historical factors, a sense of collective identity, economic concerns, or political manipulation. Nationalism can sometimes be used as a tool by individuals or groups to exploit emotions, promote divisive ideologies, or gain power. Additionally, people might be influenced by cultural conditioning, social pressures, or a lack of exposure to alternative perspectives.

3. How important are nationalism and patriotism to having a better nation? Ans : Nationalism and patriotism are important for building a better nation because they foster unity, promote development, and contribute to social stability. They instill a sense of pride and collective identity among citizens, motivating them to work together for their country’s progress. Nationalism and patriotism also help preserve a nation’s cultural heritage and encourage civic responsibility. However, it is important to promote a balanced and inclusive form of nationalism and patriotism that respects diversity and promotes global cooperation.

4. Why is nationalism better than pseudo-liberalism? Ans : Nationalism and pseudo-liberalism are different concepts, so it is not accurate to say one is better than the other. However, pseudo-liberalism, which is an extreme form of liberalism, can have negative consequences. It may prioritize individual freedoms without considering the well-being of society as a whole. In contrast, nationalism, when expressed positively and inclusively, can foster unity and collective progress. It promotes social cohesion and a commitment to the nation. Striving for a balanced approach that respects both individual rights and the needs of the community is important.

5. Which is better for a state, patriotism or nationalism? Ans : Patriotism, with its emphasis on love and loyalty towards one’s country while respecting diversity, is generally considered better for a state than extreme nationalism. Patriotism promotes unity, civic responsibility, and a strong society, while extreme nationalism can lead to divisions and conflicts. Striking a balance and promoting a healthy form of patriotism allows for a united and inclusive state that values cooperation and respects individual rights.

Related Posts

• Our Country Essay

500 Words Essay On Our Country

India, our country is the finest example of ‘unity in diversity. People from different backgrounds and religions live here in peace and harmony. Moreover, our country is known for having a variety of languages. So much so that you will find a different language at every 100 kilometres in our country. Through our country essay, we will take you through what India is.

Unity in Diversity- Our Country Essay

India is a unique country that harbours different kinds of people that speak different languages, eat different foods and wear a variety of clothes. What makes our country special is that despite so many differences, people always live together in peace.

Our country, India, lies in South Asia. It is a large country that is home to approximately 139 crore people. Moreover, India is also the biggest democracy in the whole world. Having one of the oldest civilizations, it is a very rich country.

Our country has fertile soil that makes it the largest wheat producer in the whole world. India has given birth to famous personalities in the field of literature and science. For instance, Rabindranath Tagore, CV Raman, Dr Abdul Kalam, and others are Indians.

It is a country that is home to thousands of villages. Similarly, the fields of India are fed by the mighty rivers. For instance, Ganga, Kaveri, Yamuna, Narmada, and more are rivers of India.

Most importantly, the coasts of our country are guarded by the deep oceans and the mighty Himalayas are our natural frontiers. Being a secular state, India has a variety of religions that prosper happily together.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Famous Things of Our Country Essay

The culture of our country is immensely rich and famous worldwide. The different languages we speak and the different Gods we worship does not create differences between us. We all share the same spirit.

The spirit of India runs throughout the country. Further, India is famous for having a lot of tourist spots. For instance, the Taj Mahal, Qutub Minar, Gateway of India, Hawa Mahal, Charminar, and more are quite popular.

These attractions bring together people from all over the world. Similarly, we have Kashmir which is known as paradise on earth. The natural beauty of Kashmir, the mighty rivers and gorgeous valleys truly make it a paradise.

Besides that, India is famous for having a very rich food culture. There are so many cuisines found within our country that it is not possible to have it all in one trip. We get to have the best of everything due to the richness.

Conclusion of Our Country Essay

All in all, our country has a thousand-year-old culture. It is also given the world the gifts of yoga and Ayurveda. Besides that, India has contributed significantly to the field of science, music, maths, philosophy, and more. It is an essential country in almost every sphere globally.

FAQ on Our Country Essay

Question 1: What makes our country special and different from other countries?

Answer 1: Our country is special and unique as it is responsible for giving many inventions to the world like the number zero, the game of chess, the value of pi, and more. There are around 90,000 kinds of animals in our country and about 50,000 plant species.

Question 2: How can we improve our country?

Answer 2: We can improve our country by sharing resources so we lower our ecological footprint. Further, it is essential to promote education and empower women. We must work together to reform the system so everyone gets a better life in our country.

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What Does It Mean to Love Your Country?

Readers tell us how their faith in the American ideal has fared this election season.

By Rachel L. Harris and Lisa Tarchak

Ms. Harris and Ms. Tarchak are senior editorial assistants.

In her essay, “ Don’t Give Up on America ,” Marilynne Robinson describes the “deep if sometimes difficult affinity” she has for her country. At the end of a long, contentious election season, it’s not surprising that Ms. Robinson has become disillusioned with that love affair. “Resentment displaces hope and purpose the way carbon monoxide displaces air,” she writes.

We asked readers to share what makes them love their country, what causes that devotion to waiver and what, if anything, restores their adoration.

“I love most what this country has been at different times in its brief history: a defeater of tyrants, a promulgator of liberty, a beacon of opportunity and hope,” wrote Michael B. Trosino, a reader in Michigan.

Jenn Monroe in New Hampshire focused on the future:

“To love your country is to desire to see it become the best version of itself, to point out its failures, to recognize how we each have been complicit in allowing its worst to persist, to work together to create a community in which every resident has all that they need — love, food, shelter, health, peace, prosperity — and are truly treated as equals in every regard.”

More thoughts from our readers follow. They have been edited for length and clarity.

‘Be proud of it, but not afraid to confront its problems’

To love your country is to be proud of it, but also to not be afraid to confront its problems and work to solve them. I love our blatant freedoms, despite all of the cries of “communism,” “social justice warriors” and “cancel culture.” We are still largely free to do what we want!

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do phd students have exams

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PhD Candidate vs Student: What’s the Difference?

Many people use the terms “PhD student” and “PhD candidate” interchangeably. However, these terms actually mean something quite different, including a different status level at universities.

We’re here to define the differences between a PhD candidate vs student, as well as other essential information, before you continue your educational journey.

Table of Contents

What I s a PhD student?

A doctoral student is anyone who is enrolled in a doctorate degree, also referred to as a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) program. PhD students are typically required to complete a certain number of course credits and sit qualifying exams. Next, they can move on to conduct research and present it in the form of a dissertation.

A PhD is centered around self-directed research and possibly teaching/running tutorials, but they typically also involve a substantial amount of coursework and require attending classes, either online or in person.

Unlike candidates, PhD students are in the process of completing the required coursework for the degree. They haven’t passed the relevant qualifying exams yet.

What Is a PhD Candidate?

A PhD candidate has completed the required coursework and passed the qualifying exams for their doctorate program. They are currently working on their dissertation.

Most PhD students need to go through an application process  and show they meet certain requirements such as a relevant master’s degree . To become a PhD candidate, doctoral students need to pass an internal application process, typically involving a set of exams.

This stage involves significant research usually in innovative areas and incorporating this into a dissertation (this stage is sometimes referred to as “all but dissertation” [ABD]), as they’ve completed all other aspects of the program and satisfied these requirements. To complete their doctoral journey, a PhD candidate must defend their dissertation. Once they’ve successfully done this, they will be awarded their degree and move from PhD candidate to doctor of their chosen field.

PhD Candidate vs Student: 6 Key Differences

There are a number of key differences between a PhD student vs PhD candidate, from their status to the structure and nature of study.

Note: Some universities have recently started adopting hybrid approaches (where there is no clear difference between PhD students and PhD candidates). These programs don’t involve any qualifying exams and students typically begin the dissertation as part of their coursework. Most schools, however, continue with the traditional distinction between a PhD candidate and PhD student.

1. Program Stage

A PhD student could be at any stage of the doctoral program . Coursework still needs to be completed and qualifying exams must be passed. Students may be in the initial stage of the program or about to complete the coursework (before beginning their research).

On the other hand, a PhD candidate has completed all coursework and has at least started their research. They may have completed their dissertation and are preparing to defend it.

2. Research Progress

A PhD student may not have selected their research topic or settled on a particular research question. A candidate’s research is in progress and they should already have a clear research question.

3. Relationship with Advisors

A PhD student may not yet have an advisor. A candidate has an established working relationship with their advisor and works closely with them to complete their research and dissertation.

4. Level of Support

Although they work closely with an advisor, a PhD candidate is generally expected to work more independently than a student enrolled in a doctoral student. Once candidates reach this stage of their doctorate, they typically won’t receive as much direction or supervision.

5. Flexibility and Structure

Understandably, PhD candidates have more freedom and flexibility in their work. Most candidates choose their area of research, as well as the methods used to conduct their work. As part of their coursework, PhD students usually have to work within a set structure (e.g., completing core subjects, meeting deadlines).

Being a PhD candidate comes with a certain degree of status. If they’ve demonstrated a degree of expertise through completing qualifying exams, candidates can put the letters PhD(c) after their name.

Tips for PhD Candidates

A PhD is an advanced degree designed to demonstrate expertise in a given field, as well as high-level skills and abilities in various areas (including research and writing). As such, earning a doctorate can be a challenging process.

The following tips for doctoral candidates will help you put your best foot forward and set yourself up for success.

Stay Organized

Because PhD candidates have to balance many competing priorities, organization is essential. Using organizational tools such as calendars,  note-taking apps , and project management software can help you keep track of deadlines and meet your targets.

Focus on Your Research

PhD candidates likely have busy schedules with plenty of demands (such as teaching commitments and crafting a dissertation). As it’s the backbone of any doctoral program, be sure to prioritize this part of your work and monitor progress to stay on track.

Actively Seek Out Feedback

Because PhD candidates often work independently, there’s a risk of feeling isolated. Ask your advisors, mentors, and fellow candidates for feedback and advice. This will help ensure that you’re considering all aspects of your research question and multiple solutions, rather than focusing too intensely on a single area.

Take Advantage of Networking Opportunities

Networking is one of the biggest benefits for PhD candidates, so take full advantage of these events. Use this time to build a strong network of professors, advisors, fellow candidates, and other professionals you meet at conferences and events.

Take Care of Yourself

A PhD program can be taxing, and it’s easy for your mental and physical health to take a backseat. Make sure you exercise, eat well, and get enough sleep . Remember: Resting and recharging is crucial for working on your dissertation.

How Long Is a Typical PhD Candidacy?

Most PhD students require 1-2 years to complete their coursework and pass their qualifying exams. However, the length of a PhD candidacy is much more open. In most cases, programs take between two and five years, depending on:

• the complexity of the field of research
• the candidate’s other commitments, such as teaching load
• other abilities, such as a candidate’s level of organization.

Once a PhD candidate has completed their dissertation, they have to defend it successfully before a panel of faculty members before they can earn their doctorate degree. This process of defending a PhD dissertation can take several months.

Some universities specify a maximum length for PhD candidacy duration. For example, Carnegie Mellon University limits this to six years .

Benefits of Being a PhD Candidate

Being a PhD candidate can be rewarding for several reasons:

1. Research Opportunities

You’ll be exposed to vast research opportunities in your field. You may contribute to valuable discoveries while developing advanced knowledge and skills.

2. Networking

Through your PhD candidacy, you’ll also be in a great position to build gain a stronger network of fellow professionals.

3. Critical Thinking

A PhD candidacy can help you develop high intellectual independence and critical thinking skills.

4. Career Opportunitie s

A PhD is an advanced degree that allows you to build a rewarding career in the academic, government, and private sectors. PhD-holders can also expect to earn more than other graduates and are most likely to find a job.

5. Salaries

According to Northeastern University , professionals with a doctorate degree earn an average annual salary of $99,290 on average (and much more for the highest-paid PhDs ) and have a 1.5% unemployment rate. For master’s degree holders, the average annual salary is $81,867 average annual salary and a 2.6% unemployment rate.

6. Personal Fulfillment

Being a PhD candidate can help you pursue your passions. This advanced qualification will allow you to become a specialist in your chosen field, allowing you to hone in on the exact subject thatl fulfills you the most.

Qualifying Exams to Become a PhD Candidate

While requirements vary by program, to become a PhD candidate, most students will need to pass a set of exams. These will test students’ knowledge in the field, measure their research skills, and ensure they’re ready to start their dissertation research.

Traditionally, qualifying exams for PhD candidates involved a written test and an oral exam. These will cover a range of topics related to your field of study, with the oral component designed to demonstrate your level of understanding.

Some universities have recently started to issue doctoral students with a set of questions and have them submit the answers within a set timeframe (usually around two weeks). Other schools ask prospective doctoral candidates to submit a dissertation proposal instead of an exam.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a phd candidate be called a doctor.

In most cases, a doctoral candidate cannot be called a doctor until after they successfully defend their dissertation and receive their doctorate.

Can I Put ‘PhD Candidate’ after My Name?

Once you’ve passed qualifying exams and embarked on dissertation research, you’re technically entitled to put “PhD candidate” or “PhD (c)” after your name. However, this is uncommon and not always recommended. It is generally more acceptable to mention that you are pursuing a doctorate (along with the field of research and university) or that you expect to complete your PhD in a certain year (on your CV and online profiles).

How Long Can You Be a PhD Candidate?

There isn’t a set length of time that a person can be a PhD candidate. The length of candidacy depends on a range of factors, including the subject of research and program requirements. Most PhD candidates complete this phase in around 3-5 years (where some university programs have set limits).

Do PhD Students Take Classes?

Yes, most PhD students must take classes and complete coursework as part of the first 1-2 years of their doctorate program. Once they’ve completed this coursework and passed qualifying exams, they move on to work on their research dissertation. At this stage, they’ll be considered a PhD candidate.

Key Takeaways

Now that you know the differences between PhD candidates vs. students, you’ve got a deeper understanding of how to obtain a doctorate. However you slice it, both will help you build your knowledge and skills to become an expert in your field.

However the program is structured, a PhD is a highly valuable degree that allows you to become a high-level professional and build a successful career.

If you know a PhD candidate who’s celebrating their accomplishments soon? Take a look at this guide to the best PhD graduation gifts .

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Lisa Marlin

Lisa is a full-time writer specializing in career advice, further education, and personal development. She works from all over the world, and when not writing you'll find her hiking, practicing yoga, or enjoying a glass of Malbec.

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What is a PhD Test / PhD qualifying exam?

Embarking on a PhD journey is a significant milestone in an academic career, and the PhD qualifying exam plays a crucial role in determining a student’s ability to progress in their program.

This exam, which tests a candidate’s understanding of their chosen field and their capacity to conduct high-level research, typically includes both written and oral components.

Success in this exam depends on thorough preparation, consistent study, and maintaining a balanced lifestyle.

The PhD qualifying exam serves as an assessment of a doctoral student’s comprehension of their chosen field and their ability to conduct high-level research. Passing this exam is a prerequisite for advancing to the next stage of their graduate program and commencing their dissertation research.

Here’s everything you need to know about it!

What is a PhD Qualifying Exam?

A PhD qualifying exam, a critical milestone in a doctoral student’s journey, serves as an assessment of a student’s comprehension of their chosen field and their ability to conduct high-level research.

Passing this exam is a prerequisite for advancing to the next stage of their graduate program and commencing their dissertation research.

Usually taken after completing coursework and before starting dissertation research, the qualifying exam’s format can differ by field of study.

Generally, students are required to answer questions posed by a committee of professors who are experts in their research area.

Success in this exam depends on demonstrating a deep understanding and command of their field.

The process reveals various tips and strategies for preparing for and succeeding in a qualifying exam.

Early preparation is essential, and students should allocate consistent study time, create a study schedule, and break their materials into digestible sections. They should also practice answering questions, ideally by simulating the exam with mock calls or committees.

During the exam, students should remember that they are in control of the conversation and steer it in their preferred direction. Instead of apologizing for not knowing an answer, they should use logical reasoning to provide educated guesses.

Taking time to answer questions and limiting responses to precise, succinct answers can also lead to success.

Finally, showing excitement about their project and viewing the exam as an opportunity for an engaging conversation with experts can make a significant difference.

Key Takeaways:

• The PhD qualifying exam is a critical milestone that assesses a student’s understanding of their chosen field and their ability to conduct research. Passing this exam allows students to progress to the next stage of their graduate program and begin their dissertation research.
• Adequate preparation is crucial for success in the qualifying exam. This includes allocating consistent study time, creating a study schedule, breaking materials into digestible sections, and practicing answering questions through simulations or mock committees.
• During the exam, students should remain confident and in control of the conversation, providing logical reasoning for educated guesses when unsure of an answer. Embracing the exam as an opportunity for engaging discussion with experts and learning from any mistakes will ultimately aid in academic advancement.

Failure is not the end of the journey; many students fail and later succeed after regrouping and learning from their mistakes.

With determination and the right strategies, students can conquer the PhD qualifying exam and advance in their academic careers.

What is the Format of the PhD Qualifying Exam? Oral, Written?

The format typically includes both a written and an oral component. The written exam involves answering questions related to the student’s research area and the surrounding literature.

The oral exam usually comprises a discussion of the student’s research proposal and the interpretation of research data.

Conducted by a committee of faculty members who are experts in the student’s research area, the qualifying examination evaluates the student’s performance on the written and oral components to determine their eligibility for moving forward with their PhD research.

The exam is taken at the end of the student’s second year or after the completion of their coursework.

In the case of an unsuccessful first attempt, a retake or second attempt may be granted, although a unanimous decision is often required from the committee members.

The PhD qualifying exam is an integral part of the graduate program admission process, ensuring that only the most qualified students are granted the opportunity to pursue a doctoral degree.

The PhD qualifying exam is a vital step in a student’s journey towards earning their doctorate, requiring dedication, preparation, and a deep understanding of their area of research to achieve success.

How Long Is the PhD Qualifying Exam?

Typically consisting of a written or oral examination, this comprehensive exam tests a student’s understanding of fundamental concepts in their chosen field.

Ranging from several hours to even days, the exam comprises multiple questions or tasks, assessing the candidate’s ability to apply their knowledge to complex problems.

The duration of the exam may differ across institutions, faculty expectations, and subject matter, but the importance of thorough preparation and mastering the subject matter remains constant.

With helpful tips and guidance from many schools and advisors, students can navigate this rigorous process, ultimately paving the way for their PhD candidacy and dissertation defence.

How Do You Prepare for the PhD / Doctoral Qualifying Exam? Tips to ace the test!

Preparing for the PhD qualifying exam can be an intimidating process, but with the right approach, it is manageable. As a crucial milestone in the PhD journey, this exam determines whether a student is qualified to continue their studies. To excel, consider the following steps and insider tips:

• Understand the exam format and requirements: Start by reviewing guidelines and past papers provided by your university to understand what to expect. Familiarizing yourself with the format helps to reduce anxiety and focus on the content.
• Create a study schedule : Allocate sufficient time to review course materials and research papers related to your field of study. A well-structured study schedule ensures that you cover all necessary material and stay on track.
• Form a study group: Collaborate with fellow PhD students to discuss and review material together. Sharing insights and learning from each other can strengthen your understanding and address any gaps in your knowledge.
• Practice with past exam papers: Working through past papers and taking self-assessment tests regularly will help you gauge your progress and identify areas that need improvement.
• Maintain physical and mental health: Don’t underestimate the importance of self-care during the preparation phase. Prioritize good sleep, healthy eating habits, and regular exercise to improve focus and concentration.
• Seek guidance: Consult your advisor or committee members for tips and insights on how to approach the exam. Their experience can provide invaluable guidance and help you avoid potential pitfalls.

Thorough preparation and discipline are crucial to succeeding in the PhD qualifying exam. By following these steps and maintaining a balanced lifestyle, you will be well-equipped to face this critical academic challenge.

What other entry tests and requirements are there for PhDs?

When pursuing a PhD, applicants must navigate a complex admission process that often goes beyond submitting academic transcripts and letters of recommendation. Various entry tests are required to assess a candidate’s suitability for doctoral study. One of the most common exams is the GRE (Graduate Record Examination), which measures a candidate’s aptitude for graduate-level work.

However, some universities and colleges may require subject-specific exams, such as the GRE Subject Tests, to evaluate an applicant’s knowledge in a particular discipline. These tests can be particularly important for PhD programs that demand a high level of specialization in a specific field.

In addition to these standardized tests, some PhD programs require applicants to have completed a Master’s degree in a relevant field before being considered for admission.

This prerequisite ensures that candidates possess a solid foundation in their chosen discipline and are prepared for the rigorous demands of doctoral research.

Another important aspect of the PhD application process is the submission of a research proposal, personal statement, or other supporting documentation.

These materials demonstrate the applicant’s interest, expertise, and ability to specialize in a particular area of study.

Lastly, international students may need to take an English proficiency test, such as the TOEFL or IELTS, to demonstrate their language skills if the program is conducted in English.

Entry tests and requirements for PhDs can vary significantly depending on the subject area and the institution. Prospective students should carefully research their options and ensure they meet all necessary criteria for the doctorate they wish to pursue.

Wrapping up – PhD/Doctoral Entrance examinations

The PhD qualifying exam plays a crucial role in a doctoral student’s academic journey, testing their understanding of their chosen field and their ability to conduct high-level research.

This comprehensive exam, which typically consists of both written and oral components, determines a student’s eligibility to progress in their PhD program.

To succeed in this exam, students must engage in thorough preparation, create a study schedule, form study groups, and maintain a balanced lifestyle that prioritizes physical and mental health.

In addition to the PhD qualifying exam, various entry tests and requirements, such as the GRE, subject-specific exams, and research proposals, may be necessary to assess a candidate’s suitability for doctoral study.

By understanding these requirements and dedicating the necessary time and effort to prepare, aspiring PhD students can navigate this challenging process and work toward achieving their academic goals.

Dr Andrew Stapleton has a Masters and PhD in Chemistry from the UK and Australia. He has many years of research experience and has worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow and Associate at a number of Universities. Although having secured funding for his own research, he left academia to help others with his YouTube channel all about the inner workings of academia and how to make it work for you.

Thank you for visiting Academia Insider.

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What to expect from a phd schedule.

Take a look at a current student’s schedule and get the insider perspective from doctoral students and coordinators on what to expect from a PhD schedule.

The life of a PhD candidate can be stressful as you adjust to a rigorous academic and research schedule. Penn and Wharton offer a variety of resources to help support you in the transition to PhD life.

Wharton’s sense of community offers a level of comfort when reaching out to faculty as well as fellow students to help solve problems. Doctoral students and coordinators give the insider view on what to expect from a PhD schedule.

Class and Research First

The first two years of a PhD program are mainly made up of classes and the beginning stages of research. Deborah Small , the doctoral coordinator for the Marketing program , said, “It starts with heavy duty coursework and a lot of specific requirements. At the end of your first year, there are qualifying exams on all the core marketing courses. Second year they still have a lot of coursework to do, but more of that is elective with a focus more on their interests. During those years they’re expected to get started on research.”

In addition to taking classes and getting started with research, the Marketing program requires students to write two papers. The first research paper is due at the end of the second year, the other is due at the end of the third year.

The Real Estate and Business Economics and Public Policy programs run like the Marketing program. Fernando Ferreira , coordinator for the programs, said, “During the first year they complete six core courses. In the second year, the focus shifts to field courses and to independent research. They have two professors advising them in that year.”

After completing the main courses, students shift to conducting independent research. For REAL and BEPP students this means writing three dissertation chapters during the third and fourth years.

Time for Conferences and Seminars

Because coursework is usually completed by the second half of the program, there’s time for students to attend lectures and seminars. Andrea Contigiani , a fifth year student in the Management program, said, “In my fourth year, I usually attended a seminar around lunchtime. Wharton has an incredible seminar series throughout the year, with a good seminar happening almost everyday. Occasionally, I attended other events, like MBA events or speaker series. I then go back to research for most of the afternoon.”

Prof. Small said, “Students are expected to actively participate in seminars and activities. They’re also encouraged to go to academic conferences and try to present their work at those conferences. It is similar to the expectations of being a faculty member, minus teaching.”

Classes take up the majority of the first two years of the programs. When the focus then switches to research, you’re expected to work independently. Sometimes that can be intimidating. You become your own boss, which is an adjustment from being told what to do and when to do it.

So how do you manage it? Get advice from students and coordinators.

Posted: August 4, 2017

• Work/Life Balance

Doctoral Programs

Matthew caulfield.

Hometown Ocean City, New Jersey

Concentration Management and Legal Studies & Business Ethics

Doctoral Stage Second Year

Typical Day at a Glance

8:30 am Wake up and get ready for the day

9:15 am Get to PhD Offices, respond to emails, check philosophy blogs and read news

10:30 am Journal article readings

11:30 am Meet with advisor

12:00 pm Attend departmental seminar speaker and lunch

1:30 pm Attend Wharton Social Impact Doctoral Community meeting

3:00 pm Attend business ethics seminar

5:00 pm Read for class

7:00 pm Meet with nonparametric statistics study group

8:00 pm Complete homework

12:00 am Go home

1:00 am Bedtime

What is your favorite part about Wharton?

First, the faculty are excellent. They are often leading experts in their fields, and they can offer advice that would be hard to find elsewhere.

Second, the other PhD students are just as passionate about research as you would hope. A huge part of my scholarly development has been due to the discussions I have had with other graduate students.

Third, the Wharton name can offer you serious advantages. In the course of research, I think industry practitioners as well as other academics have been more willing to talk or correspond with me because I am a graduate student at Wharton.

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How the PhD Program Works

Program Overview

Completing your doctorate at Wharton requires 5 years of full-time study. The first 2 years in the program prepare you for admission to candidacy by taking courses, qualifying exams, and starting research projects. In the last few years, you are primarily conducting research full-time including writing and defending your doctoral dissertation.

Admission to candidacy.

You begin by taking courses required for your program of study. All programs requires a preliminary exam, which may be either oral or written.

Some programs may have further requirements, such as an additional exam or research paper. If you enter with a master’s degree or other transfer credit, you may satisfy the formal course requirements more quickly.

Beginning the Wharton PhD Curriculum How the first two years of the Wharton program helped students discover their interests, learn the tools of the profession, and fuel their passion for teaching.

The Doctoral Dissertation

Upon successful completion of coursework and passing a preliminary examination, you are admitted to candidacy for the dissertation phase of your studies.

Your doctoral dissertation should contain original research that meets standards for published scholarship in your field. You are expected to be an expert in the topic you choose to research.

You are admitted to candidacy for the dissertation phase of your studies upon successful completion of coursework and passing a preliminary examination, but you can start thinking about and working on research of relevance at any time.

The dissertation process culminates with a “defense,” in which you defend the proposal orally before your dissertation committee.

While working on your dissertation, you interact extensively with Wharton faculty. Together with interested faculty, you create your own research community that includes your dissertation advisor and dissertation committee.

Policies and Procedures

Get more detailed explanation of course requirements, academic standards, the Teacher Development Program, time limits, and dissertation procedures and requirements.

Sample Program Sequence

Years 1 & 2.

Coursework Examination Research Papers Research Activities Field-Specific Requirements

Directed Reading & Research Admission to Candidacy Formulation of Research Topic

Years 4 & 5

Continued Research Oral Examination Dissertation

Hear From Our Doctoral Community

From phd student to colleague, from research consumer to research producer, why i chose academic research instead of consulting.

Andrea Contigiani

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Phd qualifying exam: 5 steps to success, published by steve tippins on may 27, 2022 may 27, 2022.

Last Updated on: 2nd February 2024, 05:02 am

The PhD qualifying exam varies by institution and discipline, but they all share something in common: they are among the most difficult tests you will ever take. A PhD qualifying exam is given after you completed your coursework. It is the final hurdle before you begin to work on your dissertation . Passing the PhD qualifying exam is your ticket out of coursework and into the research phase of your degree.

In this article, we’ll cover what the process looks like and how to prepare for the written and oral parts of the exam. We also include sample questions to give you an idea of the territory.

Traditional vs New Qualifying Exams

There is a distinction between how qualifying exams are traditionally structured and how some institutions are now conducting them. Here’s the lowdown:

Traditional Qualifying Exams

Traditionally, the exam has one or two parts: a written part and sometimes an oral part. The exam is made up of whatever the faculty wants to ask you, so you have to be prepared for just about anything that was covered in your classes.

To prepare, people typically take two to four months to review the literature they covered in the previous few years so that they are prepared to answer questions on any topic. Many times, you might know broad topics where questions can be drawn from but not specific questions. If that is the case, the oral exam would typically be used for clarification, allowing you to further explain a topic and show your understanding to faculty.

New Qualifying Exams

Some schools have moved to a model in which you receive the questions and have two weeks or so to answer them. Then, you have time to prepare lots of material for your answers. However, faculty might expect more perfection in this case because you get a chance to review and ponder, as opposed to the traditional exam. 

Other schools may just want to see your dissertation proposal, which takes the place of your exam. Either way, you have to show that you have grasped the material from your first several years of coursework.

If you are writing the traditional model, you will have five to seven questions over two days, and you basically write everything you can think of on those questions . Students typically dump everything they know, whether it applies or not, just to show how much they know. 

If you’re taking the exam at home, you will probably type it. Many schools now allow typing in the traditional model as well. Your answers will usually run in the neighborhood of 15 to 20 pages per question because they want to see everything you can come up with.

How Do You Prepare for the PhD Qualifying Exam?

Many students waste valuable study time because they don’t know how to structure their preparation to be most effective. Here’s how to best prepare for the PhD qualifying exam.

Step 1: Assemble the Literature

To prepare for the qualifying exam, the first step is to assemble the literature you want to review . Look at each class you took and gather the academic articles you read in those classes. 

Step 2: Review and Take Notes

The next step is to read the articles again and take notes on them, including the key findings and methodology. This step might take you a couple of months to do.

Step 3: Go Back Through the Notes and Summarize

The third step is to go back through the notes you took on all of those articles and summarize them again to condense them even further. 

Step 4: Review Your Summaries

The fourth step is to spend four to five days going back through your condensed summary so that you have it all in your mind. That way, you can quickly recall which author said what and how it relates to what other authors have said. Keep all those relationships in your head.

Step 5: Rest

The day before your exam, the fifth step is to rest so that you’re ready for the intense nature of the next couple of days.

PhD Qualifying Exam Pass Rate

The PhD qualifying exam pass rate is difficult to determine because schools don’t usually publish or talk about it. About half the people who enter a PhD program complete it.

Most of the people who don’t complete the program leave before or at the qualifying exam. When people get to the dissertation phase, they’re more likely to finish.

When you take your qualifying exam, many schools have four levels of grades: high pass, pass, low pass, and didn’t pass.

What Happens If You Fail the PhD Qualifying Exam?

If you fail the PhD qualifying exam, most schools will allow you another attempt to pass it. They may only do them a certain number of times a year, so it could be six months to a year later. But you may get another shot at it.

Ultimately, if you fail the PhD qualifying exam, you do not get to move forward to write the dissertation and you are finished with the program. They have determined that you have not learned, gathered, or synthesized enough material and you’re not ready to work on a dissertation.

On the other hand, if you pass the PhD qualifying exam, most schools then say you have reached what has become known as “all but dissertation” or ABD . With everything but the dissertation finished, some people use the term “ PhD candidate ” or PhD(c) to represent themselves.

What Is an Oral Exam?

There are two types of oral exams. One takes place after a written exam, while the other stands alone.

Written Exam Followed by Oral Exam

If you are taking a written exam and an oral exam follows, you can usually provide clarification in the oral exam and dig further into what was on the comprehensive exam. 

Oral Exam Only

Some schools just give an oral exam, where you and a number of faculty members meet in person or on a zoom call. They ask you the questions, and you get to answer them without writing.

Tips for Navigating the Oral Exam

• Treat the committee with respect. Remember that you’re walking into a room of people who control your future. If you don’t respect them, they will take it as a sign that you are not serious, which could negatively impact the likelihood of you moving forward.
• Answer every question.
• If you get stuck, ask them to rephrase the question. Doing so will allow your brain a chance to relax.
• Ask the committee questions. When you finish answering a question, you can always ask “Have I answered your question?” or “Have I answered to the level you want me to answer?” Then, ultimately, you can ask them questions, such as, “Do you have any thoughts on that?”

Sample Questions for the PhD Qualifying Exam

It’s vital to know what to expect when you take your exam. Here are some methods for getting familiar with the question you may be asked.

First, a Tip: Look at Past Tests

Some institutions keep old PhD qualifying exams or comprehensive exam questions. You can look at those to see the types of questions they may ask and what they might be looking for. 

Other institutions might even let you see the questions that have been asked in the past. They’re not going to ask the exact same questions, but you will at least be able to see which areas have been emphasized or revisited over time. If there’s an area that comes up every year, you definitely want to make sure you’re ready to answer questions related to it. Look at the questions to determine tendencies and identify the types of questions you might be asked.

Some Broad Example Questions

The questions are going to be discipline specific, but here are some broad examples:

• Trace the development of the capital asset pricing model from its first author to the current thoughts.
• Author X proposes that the Roman Empire fell for certain reasons, and Author Y proposes different reasons. What are the current thoughts on that, and how does it apply to the current situation in the United States?
• Trace the antecedents of Greenleaf’s servant leadership. Where has it gone from there? What are authors currently proposing regarding servant leadership?
• Trace the development of generally accepted accounting principles and how they might be applied in a nonprofit situation.

Final Thoughts

The doctoral comprehensive exam is a big deal. Take it seriously, and be prepared to show the faculty that you have grasped what they have offered to you as opportunities to learn. Show that you understand how the material and literature fit together and provide a platform for future learning and research.

Steve Tippins

Steve Tippins, PhD, has thrived in academia for over thirty years. He continues to love teaching in addition to coaching recent PhD graduates as well as students writing their dissertations. Learn more about his dissertation coaching and career coaching services. Book a Free Consultation with Steve Tippins

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PhD Qualifying Exams

The requirements for the PhD program in Mathematics have changed for students who enter the program starting in Autumn 2023 and later. 

Requirements for the Qualifying Exams

Students who entered the program prior to autumn 2023.

To qualify for the Ph.D. in Mathematics, students must pass two examinations: one in algebra and one in real analysis. 

Students who entered the program in Autumn 2023 or later

To qualify for the Ph.D. in Mathematics, students must choose and pass examinations in two of the following four areas: 

• real analysis
• geometry and topology
• applied mathematics

The exams each consist of two parts. Students are given three hours for each part.

Topics Covered on the Exams:

• Algebra Syllabus
• Real Analysis Syllabus
• Geometry and Topology Syllabus
• Applied Mathematics Syllabus

Check out some Past and Practice Qualifying Exams to assist your studying.

Because some students have already taken graduate courses as undergraduates, incoming graduate students are allowed to take either or both of the exams in the autumn. If they pass either or both of the exams, they thereby fulfill the requirement in those subjects. However, they are in no way penalized for failing either of the exams.

Students must pass both qualifying exams by the autumn of their second year. Ordinarily first-year students take courses in algebra and real analysis throughout the year to prepare them for the exams. The exams are then taken at the beginning of Spring Quarter. A student who does not pass one or more of the exams at that time is given a second chance in Autumn. 

Students who started in Autumn 2023 and later

Students must choose and pass two out of the four qualifying exams by the autumn of their second year. Students take courses in algebra, real analysis, geometry and topology, and applied math in the autumn and winter quarters of their first year to prepare them for the exams. The exams are taken during the first week of Spring Quarter. A student who does not pass one or more of the exams at that time is given a second chance in Autumn. 

Exam Schedule

Unless otherwise noted, the exams will be held each year according to the following schedule:

Autumn Quarter:  The exams are held during the week prior to the first week of the quarter. Spring Quarter:  The exams are held during the first week of the quarter.

The exams are held over two three-hour blocks. The morning block is 9:30am-12:30pm and the afternoon block is 2:00-5:00pm.

For the start date of the current or future years’ quarters please see the  Academic Calendar

Upcoming Exam Dates

Autumn 2024.

Tuesday, September 17: Applied Math , Room 384I and Algebra , Room 384H

Wednesday, September 18: Real Analysis , Room 384H

Thursday, September 19: Geometry and Topology , Room 384H

The Savvy Scientist

Experiences of a London PhD student and beyond

PhD FAQs – A Complete Beginner’s Guide to Doctoral Study

Tempted to do a PhD but have lots of questions? Hopefully this collection of popular PhD FAQs will help you to tick a few off the list!

Note – If you’re already sure that you want to do a PhD, and are looking for guidance on the applications process, check out my post on How to apply for a PhD which includes advice from successful PhD applicants. My post-PhD reflections on the things I regretted from my own PhD may be useful for you too, you can find that post here .

Let’s start with the absolute basics of PhDs!

What does PhD stand for?

PhD stands for Doctor of Philosophy. Doctor of Philosophy ? No matter which subject area your PhD is in you’ll become a Doctor of Philosophy because philosophy derives from Greek to mean “Love of wisdom” which make a bit more sense.

What is a PhD?

A PhD is a type of research degree classified as a doctorate. You get a PhD by doing original research into a topic, typically for at least three years.

There are loads of other types of doctorate and a PhD is simply the most common. EngD is another which is relatively common for industry-funded engineering students here in the UK.

PhD & DPhil what’s the difference?

There is no real difference between a PhD and DPhil, they’re both Doctor of Philosophy qualifications. A small number of historic institutions in the UK such as Oxford and York offer DPhils but the degree itself is equivalent.

How common are PhDs amongst the population?

Approximately 1% of the working population (25-64 years old) have a PhD. This varies a lot by country:

Can you call yourself Doctor with a PhD?

Yes you can. Though to avoid confusion with medical doctors, rarely will PhD-holders use the “Dr” title outside of their workplace.

Sometimes PhD-holders will add the abbreviation PhD after their name if they want to make it clear they are a non-medical doctor, for example “Jeff Clark PhD”.

What have I done about my title since getting my PhD? Nothing so far!

Why do a PhD?

Unlike a lot of other degrees, most PhD students get paid to study . Read more in the finances section below.

There are lots of potential reasons to want to do a PhD. The PhD students from our monthly PhD Profiles series said the following:

Sara found research the most enjoyable part of her undergraduate degree and a PhD was a way to carry on with research.

Ornob wants to pursue a career in evolutionary biology so began with a PhD in the field.

Vivienne has aspirations to be a professor so a PhD is a job requirement to progress in academia.

Jeff (me!) had an interest in the field and enjoyed research. I wrote a whole post with a deep dive on why I decided to do a PhD here .

Floor had enjoyed research during her Masters and didn’t think that she wanted a career in industry, so decided to do a PhD.

It’s important to mention that you don’t need to have a desire to stay in academia to do a PhD. In fact, even if you do want to go into academia afterwards, it’s probably good to know early on just how competitive it can be. Many people sadly cannot make a career out of academia long term.

Enjoy the subject matter and want to spend a few years researching it? That is reason enough to do a PhD. I’ve also now written a whole post about the benefits of having a PhD .

Applying for a PhD

Do you need a masters degree to do a phd.

No you don’t necessarily need a Masters degree to do a PhD as long as you can demonstrate you’d be suitable for a PhD without it.

For a more in-depth answer see the separate post here :

Can You Get a PhD Without a Master’s?

If you don’t have a Masters, I’d recommend checking out Centres for Doctoral Training (CDTs) which offer combined Masters + PhD courses. We have discussed CDTs with a graduate in Floor’s post here .

What grades do you need to do a PhD?

Entry requirements for PhDs can vary. In regards to the UK system usually you’d generally be expected to have at least a 2:1 from your undergraduate degree, plus some research experience.

My experience : I (narrowly) got first class honours in my undergrad (MEng) which certainly does help. But if you can demonstrate aptitude in research you usually don’t need a 1:1. It would be expected for you to have done well in any research projects. If you can get your name on a publication then even better!

The easiest way to find out what is expected is to check the PhD advert for entry requirements. For details on applying for a PhD, including how to find PhD adverts, check out my guide here :

How to apply for a PhD

I work in industry, can I come back and do a PhD?

Absolutely! I worked for almost four years between finishing my first degree and starting my PhD.

A PhD is more similar to a job than any other point in your education, so if you’ve spent time in a structured role it can provide you with a good work ethic. If your time in industry adds relevant skills and experience to your application, even better!

I’ve met loads of people older than me who are pursuing PhDs. If it’s your dream, it’s never too late to start a PhD!

What is the social life of a PhD student like?

Let me get this out the way first: PhD students should be able to have a life outside of the lab! If a PhD student has no time away from research I would personally suggest that they were doing things wrong.

Even if you really enjoy your project, it is good for your mental health to have a social life!

No matter the size of your research group there are often departmental and university-wide events. Plus, besides everyone you may meet through your research and department, PhD students can still join societies and sports clubs through the students’ union. I spent one of my birthdays during my PhD on the beach in Morocco with the surf club, don’t let being a PhD student put your off getting involved!

Check out the full post I’ve written: Do PhD Students Have a Social Life? Sharing My Experiences Making Friends and Avoiding PhD Loneliness

If you do go on to do a PhD, make sure to make the most of all the opportunities ! Your time as a PhD student is fantastic for personal growth.

How much holiday do PhD students get?

Sadly unlike undergraduates, PhD students don’t follow fixed semesters. This means no more three month long summer holiday, sorry!

However most departments recommend PhD students take 7-8 weeks of holiday a year , which is more than practically any job outside of academia.

I kept track of all the time off I took during my PhD and you can find the details here , including a month by month breakdown:

Do PhD Students Get Holidays? Sharing How Much Annual Leave I Take

Getting a PhD

How much work is a phd.

For a month I tracked how many hours I was working and what I was working on, so you can see a breakdown of my calendar here . I found I was working for roughly 40 hours a week. Now that I’ve recently finished my PhD, I’d say that that amount of hours was pretty representative of the whole PhD.

How Much Work is a PhD?

I do of course know some people who worked much longer hours, but most PhD students were on a similar schedule to me. Working roughly 9-5 on weekdays. Treat it like a job and you’ll be fine. PhD students don’t need to be slaving away long hours.

I managed to be strict with my time, largely avoiding work late nights or going in at the weekends. One of the main perks of doing a PhD is that you have autonomy and can be flexible with when you work. As long as you get the work done, any reasonable supervisor won’t mind when you’re there.

Yes I’ve heard stories of PhD students having to clock in and out with an expectation that they spend a certain number of hours in the office. I personally think this is stupid and doesn’t build trust. Try to speak to current PhD students from the group when choosing a supervisor .

How is a PhD assessed?

What you submit at the end of your research varies between universities and countries. Sometimes it’s a thesis and other times it can be a bunch of published papers. In all situations you give some kind of presentation and answer questions about your work.

In the UK you usually submit a thesis in preparation for a viva voce . The viva is an oral exam where you discuss your research with several academics and at least one will be an expert in your field. My viva wasn’t as scary as I thought it might be, but nonetheless it was five hours ( FIVE HOURS! ) long. At the end of your viva you’ll get told the outcome of your PhD with any changes to be made to your thesis.

There is often no requirement , to publish your work in journals during a PhD in the UK but it does help.

In other countries you may have to publish a certain number to pass your PhD and effectively these can be submitted instead of the thesis. This approach makes much more sense to me.

How long does it take to get a PhD?

In the UK, typically between three and four years to complete your research and submit the thesis. It can then take a few months for the exam (viva voce) to take place and then for any corrections to the thesis to be made.

Nosey about my PhD? For me personally, I started the PhD on 1st October 2016, submitted my thesis on 17th February 2020, had the viva on 25th March, submitted my minor corrections on 30th March and had the email to say it was officiated on 1st April 2020. Yep, April Fool’s Day…

When you realise your degree certificate will forever say your PhD was awarded on April Fools Day! #academiclife @imperialcollege pic.twitter.com/hKsGFyuc0x — Jeff Clark (@savvy_scientist) April 14, 2020

We cover all the stages of a PhD here, including putting the length of a PhD in the perspective of a whole career:

How Long Does It Take To Get A PhD?

Are PhDs really difficult?

No, well not how you might think.

You don’t need to be a genius, but you do have to be smart with how you work. Here I go into how a PhD is pretty different to all the prior years spent in education:

How Hard is a PhD?

Check out my new post covering academic challenges and failures relating to my own PhD: Overcoming Academic Challenges and Failure During a PhD

Money-Related Questions

How much does a phd cost.

If you have funding, which is explained below, all your fees are paid for by the funding source. If you are looking to self-fund, then you’ll have to pay bench-fees/tuition fees, which are usually approximately £4,000 a year for home students in the UK.

Fees vary massively depending on both the country the PhD work takes place in and where you’re from. For example, I believe Australian universities charge around $100,000 in fees to overseas PhD students. Of course ideally you have funding which covers both this and pays a stipend!

Do PhD students pay taxes?

In the UK, PhD students do not pay income tax, national insurance, council tax and student loan repayments. This means that if you can secure funding, even though you may earn less than friends in typical jobs, you get to keep all your earnings!

Do PhD students get paid?

Most PhDs, at least in STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) get a stipend: basically a tax-free salary.

How much do PhD students get paid?

At the time of writing, most PhD students in the UK get around £16,000 a year . Doesn’t sound like a lot, but:

• As mentioned above, you don’t pay income tax, national insurance, council tax or make any student loan repayments. My most popular post is this one , comparing the income of PhD students vs grad jobs and the difference really isn’t that big. Plus it’s only for 3 to 3.5 years!
• You’re getting paid to learn science, working on something you’re really interested in. It’s amazing.
• You have a lot more freedom than practically any “proper job”.
• You’re getting paid, to be a student…

PhD Salary UK: How Much Do PhD Students Get Paid Compared to Graduates?

In summary, PhD stipends are really not that different to grad starting salaries. Please don’t be put off from a PhD simply because for a few years you might be earning a bit less than if you were working in another job.

Depending on what you want to do with your career, having a CV may lead to higher salaries. What is 3 years of lower wages out of a 40+ year career? The answer: nothing!

Where do I find PhD funding?

Getting funding will likely be the biggest hurdle for you to secure a PhD. I have a post here detailing the different types of funding and how you can find a project with funding attached.

How to Find PhD Funding in the UK

Can you self-fund a PhD?

Yes you can self-fund a PhD, and some students are in a position to do so. Just be careful that you account for university fees and not just your living costs.

Are you allowed to have another job at the same time?

Most universities encourage you to get involved with work within your department as a graduate teaching assistant (GTA). Some countries even insist that you work a certain number of hours as part of a contract for your monthly stipend.

Working as a GTA you might be invigilating exams, helping in tutorials, marking coursework etc and at Imperial you usually earn around £15-£26 an hour.

If you’re looking to work a full time job in tandem with your PhD (and doing the PhD full time), it is best checking your university’s policy. Some may have regulations against you working over a certain number of hours which could impede you from concentrating on the PhD.

There are extra ways to make money on the side which I address here :

How to Earn Money Online for Students

Can you get a mortgage as a PhD student?

Since I did my PhD in London I didn’t even consider buying somewhere during my PhD. I’m not interested in being tied into a massive mortgage for 25 years to buy a shoebox!

If I’d accepted my PhD offer for a CDT at Leeds I certainly would have tried to buy somewhere with my partner. I found this page useful when doing research. Buying a property with a partner who has a normal job would definitely make the mortgage application a whole lot more successful.

Will a PhD help your career?

This depends on what you want to do with your career. Some example scenarios:

• Staying in academia – a PhD is usually required
• Certain technical jobs in industry – a PhD may be required or a big bonus
• Non-technical jobs – a bonus

I do not imagine any scenarios where having a PhD is worse than not having one. It is true though that for certain careers there may be other things you could do which would be a better use of your time, for example gaining more direct work experience.

If you want to do a PhD that shouldn’t stop you though, and considering the length of your career taking a few years out for a PhD is inconsequential.

Whichever career path you fancy taking, if you are at all interested in doing a PhD I think you should at least apply.

PhDs in London

Can someone afford to live in london as a phd student.

Yes! I lived in London for my PhD and actually was able to save money every single month while taking many holidays and not living in a tent.

I have a few posts sharing my experiences living in London which you may find useful:

For a month last year I tracked all my expenses to get an idea of my costs living in London as a student, you can find it here .

Sharing my monthly living expenses as a student in London: September 2019

Related to reducing costs, I learned to cycle in London and loved it. It saved me about £100 a month too!

Learning to cycle in London: my first 1000 miles

On top of that, for the whole of 2019 (third year PhD) I tracked my money, and the report is here :

My personal finances report for 2019

Where is good to live in London?

I’ve lived in three different houses during my PhD in London and have a pretty good idea now of good places to live in London. You can read this whole post talking about living in London as a student and the associated costs including a breakdown of rent :

London student accommodation: Breaking down the cost of living in London for students

Bonus: Read the journeys of PhD students

Before I started my PhD I had a ton of questions and nobody who I could ask about their experience. The reality is that many of these PhD FAQs have a variety of answers as everyone’s PhD story is different. Therefore if you’d like to hear first hand from people who are going through the journey check out my series of PhD profiles , with a new profile every month. You can also discover some of their top tips for applying!

If you’d like personalised help with your PhD application I am now starting to offer a small number of one-to-one sessions. Please contact me to find out more or click here to book a call.

Is there anything else you’d like to know to help with a potential PhD application? Let me know and I’ll write about it! You can subscribe to stay up to date here:

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The Five Most Powerful Lessons I Learned During My PhD

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The Benefits of Having a PhD

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Privacy Overview

• PhD Entry Tests

Graduate entry tests are an important part of the admissions process for some PhD programmes. They help universities and graduate schools confirm that you have the advanced subject knowledge and / or critical thinking skills to tackle a doctorate. Common examples include the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and Graduate Management Admissions Test (GMAT) but a range of other tests are used internationally.

If you're studying your PhD abroad, you may also need to pass a language test . This confirms you have the necessary proficiency to carry out research in a second language, write up your results and (eventually!) discuss them at your viva.

Select from the guides below, or jump to general information about admissions tests for PhD study.

Find your PhD

Ready to start applying? Browse PhD projects here on FindAPhD.

The GMAT is a standardised test used to help select students for some Masters and PhDs at universities and business schools around the world

The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) is a graduate admissions test that is sometimes part of the entry requirements for PhD programmes in North America and Australia.

You may need to take a language test to apply for a PhD abroad as an international student. Our guides explain recognised tests in English, German, French and other languages.

You may need to complete a language test before applying for a PhD abroad in English. The most common are the TOEFL and IELTS.

Read about the language requirements and recognised tests for PhD study at Spanish-speaking universities.

Read about the language requirements and recognised tests for PhD study at Portuguese-speaking universities in Portugal and Brazil.

Will I need to take an entry test for my PhD?

Graduate entry tests tend to be used by universities whose PhD programmes have a limited number of places (and receive more applicants than they can accept). This is common for selective graduate schools in the USA and Canada .

Universities in the UK and some other countries tend not to require a GRE or GMAT . Instead, your eligibility for a PhD is determined based on how relevant your existing degree(s) are and – crucially – how good your research proposals is.

Language tests are much more common: if you're planning to do a PhD abroad in a second language, you'll usually need to prove your proficiency when you apply.

Our guides to PhD study abroad are a quick way to check the admissions requirements for different countries. If in doubt, check with the university you're applying to.

What test score do I need for a PhD?

There is no standard minimum GRE or GMAT score for a PhD. The university you apply to will consider your test score alongside your existing qualifications and experience.

Some universities publish the average score for successful applicants to their doctoral programmes. This is usually a guide, not a minimum.

Is my GPA part of my test score for a PhD?

Universities in the USA and some other countries may look at your GPA as well as your final degree result. The highest GPA you can gain is usually 4.0. Scores of 3.5 or above are considered good.

However, your GPA is separate to your score for a GRE, GMAT or other entry test: they are different parts of your application. Having a good test score might help you if you have a lower GPA (or vice versa) but the two do not influence each other.

What other entry tests are there for PhDs?

The GRE and GMAT are the most commonly used graduate entry tests for PhD study, but they aren't the only ones. Specific exams are used for PhD applications in certain subjects. Some countries also use their own tests, in place of the GRE and GMAT.

Here are some of the other graduate entry tests that may be used for PhD applications:

• Law School Admission Test (LSAT) – As its name suggests, the LSAT is used for applications to law schools, including some doctoral programmes in the USA and Canada. The test is taken digitally at centres around the world . It uses five 35-minute multiple choice sections to assesses key comprehension and reasoning skills, followed by a writing task that challenges you to argue in defence of a stated position (this sample will be sent to your university).
• Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) – The MCAT is used for some MD and MD-PhD programmes (specialised medical doctorates) in North America. This is a lengthy test with four different multiple choice sections that test key medical knowledge as well as critical analysis and reasoning abilities. The MCAT is administered by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) and is available at test centres around the world on selected dates each year.
• Research Eligibility Test (RET) – The RET is a general test used for PhD applications in India . The content of the RET is specific to each university and its doctoral programmes, with questions designed to check your existing knowledge and expertise.
• Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) – The GATE is a more specific Indian test used for doctoral programmes in Science and Engineering. It is most common in India, but other Asian countries such as Malaysia and Singapore also the test. The exam is digital and is offered across major Indian cities as well as in some international testing centres. Unlike most other graduate entry tests, the GATE is partly cohort-based: your score will be compared to other students for that year to guage your relative performance and suitability for a PhD place.
• Graduate Pharmacy Admissions Test (GPAT) – The GPAT is another subject-specific Indian test used for some postgraduate admissions to Pharmacy and Pharmacology programmes.
• Postgraduate Admissions Test (PAT) – The PAT is required for admission to Masters and doctoral programmes at Chinese universities. It tests skills in numeracy, languages and political theory. International applicants to English-language PhD programmes may be asked for a GRE or GMAT instead.

Some other countries use their own specific tests – make sure you check our guides to PhD study abroad for detailed information.

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Ph.D. Qualifying Examination

The Qualifying Examination is an important checkpoint meant to show that you are on a promising research track toward the Ph.D. degree. It is a University examination, administered by the Graduate Council, with the specific purpose of demonstrating that “the student is clearly an expert in those areas of the discipline that have been specified for the examination, and that they can, in all likelihood, design and produce an acceptable dissertation.” Despite such rigid criteria, faculty examiners recognize that the level of expertise expected is that appropriate for a 3rd year graduate student who may be only in the early stages of a research project.

See campus policies about the Qualifying Exam.

Professor Ana Arias and Professor John Wawrzynek have made available useful information for students planning to take the Qualifying Exam.  See slides  (Calnet authentication is required).

• For students entering Fall 2003 or later, the Qualifying Examination must be taken within 6 semesters of starting the program
• you need a total of at least four members on your committee
• at least three of the members must be regular UC Berkeley faculty that are member of the Academic Senate
• your advisor(s) cannot be the Chair
• One member must be from outside the EECS Department (As of spring 2020, the outside member can be a UCB faculty member with no more than 0% appointment in EECS, or a faculty member or distinguished researcher from another institution.  To request an off-campus person to be the outside member, students must request an exception by submitting a general petition , including the person’s CV, to their staff advisor for review with the Head Graduate Advisor. )
• Apply online through  Calcentral  under your “Dashboard”. On the right hand side for “Student Resources”, students will see an option to Submit a Form for Higher Degree committees. Choose the option for the Qualifying exam application.
• Department Qualifying Exam Application
• Completed and advisor approved White Card
• You must be registered the semester the exam is given. Summer quals are OK if you are registered the previous Spring or the following Fall semester.
• The prelim requirements (which include passing the oral exam and completing the prelim breadth course requirements) must be completed before a student is eligible to take the Qualifying exam. However, it is not required that all the coursework (e.g., the courses listed in the major and minors) be completed before taking the Qualifying exam.
• Students take quals, format A or B , within 6 semesters of starting the EECS graduate program. Format A : Research area survey, directions, evidence of research ability. Format B : Research area survey, directions, thesis proposal defense.
• Students passing only Format A for quals must also do a satisfactory thesis proposal defense within 10 semesters after matriculation.
• In the unfortunate case that a student does fail the qualifying exam twice, per the Graduate Division’s policy, a third attempt is not permissible. The student will not be eligible to continue in the doctoral program and may be dismissed.

In This Section

• Qual Eligibility
• Qual Deadlines
• Qual Committee
• Qual Format
• Applications for the Qualifying Exam
• Advancement to Candidacy
• Thesis Proposal Defense and Application

Ph.D. Student Guide

• Ph.D. Coursework
• Ph.D. Oral Exam
• Ph.D. Breadth Requirement
• Ph.D. Blue Card
• Ph.D. Applications for the Qualifying Exam
• Ph.D. White Card
• Ph.D. Advancement to Candidacy
• Ph.D. Thesis Proposal Defense and Application
• Ph.D. Qual Eligibility
• Ph.D. Qual Committee
• Ph.D. Qual Format
• Ph.D. Teaching Requirement
• Ph.D. Dissertation Filing Fee
• Giving the Ph.D. Dissertation Talk
• Ph.D. Dissertation Filing Procedure
• Ph.D. Technical Report Submission
• Ph.D. Graduate Division Surveys
• Ph.D. Commencement
• Ph.D. Diploma and Transcript
• Ph.D. Student Review Instructions
• Ph.D. Student Review Forms
• Ph.D. Student Review Frequently Asked Questions

Grad school can be a challenging time

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PhD candidate vs PhD student

I see researchers working on their PhD calling themselves PhD Candidates, other call themselves PhD students. What's the difference between a PhD Candidate and a PhD Student?

According to two posters on the WordReferences forums :

This terms vary from university to university, usually a PhD student is granted the candidate status after completion of a “comprehensive examination”, which occurs sometime after the first year.

Here in the U.S., a “Ph.D. Candidate” is a student who has completed all of the academic requirements for their degree, except their dissertation.

So this works in the USA and Canada I presume, because they have structured PhD programs where you attend courses as part of your PhD. Unlike most of the universities in Europe where a PhD student starts off directly with his/her PhD thesis. (Europe does have structured programs as well, but they are not as widely spread yet).

• terminology

• 37 Every department is different. –  JeffE Commented Jul 5, 2013 at 14:56

10 Answers 10

In some countries (e.g. The Netherlands where I obtained my PhD degree) you are not considered a student but a paid employee (staff) with the university. To discern between these, people sometimes translate their status to English using term "PhD candidate". Btw, this has nothing to do with the length of the program or your progress.

• 4 It is also good to note that the salary a Dutch PhD receives is competitive with entry level jobs at say a consultancy or programming company, assuming of course there is funding to begin with. –  Paul Hiemstra Commented Jul 10, 2013 at 12:05
• 5 @PaulHiemstra broadly speaking :) I would say there is at least a 500 euro gap. Especially after four years, the PhD salary is considerably below what a programmer or consultant with 4 years experience could expect. It's the same general range, but I wouldn't call it competitive. –  Peter Bloem Commented May 1, 2014 at 14:54
• 12 @Peter The pay and working conditions are certainly near the top of the scale when you compare it to what PhD students in other countries get. –  Moriarty Commented May 1, 2014 at 16:20
• @Peter, here in Brazil this gap varies a lot. A trainee in a small company usually makes less than a PhD student\candidate. So small companies rarely get the brightest people. OTOH, big companies easily pay entry salaries equivalent to the double of what a PhD candidate makes (triple if the applicant is a good interviewer). And excluding the IT field, the extra income from 4 years of experience is negligible. So it all depends of vacancies on the big companies of your city. –  Lucas Soares Commented Oct 30, 2014 at 15:10
• 1 There is also a political component to it, because there are some politicians who want to change the status of PhD candidates from being an employee to being a receiver of a grant. Therefore, when I was still doing my PhD, I was emphasizing a lot that I was not a student, and I tell that to the current PhD candidates as well. –  damian Commented Aug 31, 2015 at 15:14

To expand on what JeffE said – "Every department is different.", here's an example from my university (a top UC school):

The math department is pretty rigorous and the "candidacy exam" is mostly a blackboard and chalk routine. They throw a bunch of stuff at you, poke holes in your proposal, make you sweat epsilons and deltas from all your pores before declaring you a "candidate".

The life/physical sciences departments require you to have a 20-30 page written proposal + a presentation on it + preliminary results (usually at least 1 journal paper) and your committee members grill you on the proposal.

In ECE/CS (applied, not theoretical), the labs/PIs are generally quite rigorous themselves and by the time a student is ready to take the candidacy exam, they've had at least 2 first author publications and 3-4 conference publications. At this point, their course is pretty set and the committee members don't generally feel like they need to say/do much (unless if there are serious flaws hitherto unnoticed). As such, the candidacy exam is more of a formality — no 30 page proposals (who reads them anyway?); just a presentation on the papers already published + future work remaining.

The bottom line from all this is — there are no standard rules/definitions/process involved in becoming a "PhD candidate". All it usually means is that "This person has shown an understanding of the fundamental concepts (on the day of testing), their proposal/work done is original and has potential and they've completed all course work/other requirements except for their thesis".

In Australia, (at least at my university), you start off as a 'Provisional Candidate'.

Then you complete a Dissertation Proposal - where you present a 20 or so page preliminary report and present it as a seminar to a group of peers - once passed, you receive a 'Confirmation of Candidature' then you proceed to complete the thesis as a 'Confirmed Candidate'.

This is usually done within the first 1-2 years of the PhD course.

• 14 "Provisonal candidate"? I'd have preferred "Candidate candidate" –  Federico Poloni Commented Jul 5, 2013 at 16:00
• 2 @FedericoPoloni well, that is what we're called before the Dissertation Proposal. –  user7130 Commented Jul 5, 2013 at 21:16
• This is very similar to my experience in Switzerland. –  DarioP Commented Jun 22, 2015 at 8:33

What's the difference between a PhD Candidate and a PhD Student?

To someone outside your department, there is very little difference since people (i.e., prospective employers) just don't care about the terms. they want to know what you have accomplished so far.

To someone in a finite duration PhD (e.g., a "typical" 3-year UK PhD program), there is very little difference. It is simpler to just list your year.

To someone in a indeterminate length PhD (e.g., a "typical" US PhD program), it provides a nice milestone.

As other have said, the requirements to achieve candidacy vary widely between countries, universities, and even departments. That said, I think it is nearly universal (and that is going out on a huge limb in academia) that candidacy implies that the next "evaluation" will be on your thesis and apart from time limits or extraordinary circumstances that as long as you are willing to pay your tuition and fees the department will let you be a PhD Candidate.

At my institution (in the U.S.A.), you are considered a PhD student until you pass your qualifying exams. After passing, you are considered a PhD candidate.

The qualifying exam is usually taken around 2 years in the program, or after you have completed any required or recommended coursework. It consists of a written exam, which can be one or more questions from each of your committee members. The written exam at my institution is left up to the committee members discretion (the major adviser in reality), it can be open or closed book, very detailed, or more theoretical, 24 hour time period or maybe 1 month, even proctored by the committee member. The oral examination can also be anything. Committee members can ask very detailed questions or more theoretical questions. Preparing for the oral exam can be difficult, especially if you have members from other departments and backgrounds. For example, I have a Soil Scientist, Biologist, Fire Ecologist, Landscape Modeler, and Remote Sensing Specialist on my committee. They all asked very different question specific to their fields.

Three of my written exams consisted of about 8 questions and I was given 8 hours to complete. It was open book and not proctored. I took the exam from home. One exam was 12 questions and I was given a month (yes I sweated for a month!). They all asked very broad questions for the written exam to figure out which areas I had a solid understanding in, and which areas I needed improvement. The oral exam was basically 4 PhD's questioning (read interrogating!) me. They started with a few easy questions, but then asked more difficult questions from the areas I was not as knowledgeable in.

I think Jaap's reply is pretty much spot on, i.e. paid staff (as in the Netherlands, Germany...) vs. student status (as in the UK, for example).

Personally, I prefer "PhD candidate" because people here are massively prejudiced against "students" (young, irresponsible, constantly partying...) despite the fact that I'm officially registered as a student rather than staff.

Just to make it clear that people are not obliged to use one thing or the other.

• Do you have qualifying exams? –  derelict Commented May 1, 2014 at 17:14

It can be different depend on region, country, university or even department.

In my department in a university in Taiwan, we need to finish all required credit course and submit one international journal as milestone to be qualified as PhD Candidate.

At the university I attended in the UK, one was considered to be on provisional status until passing the viva, which was not only an oral "interview" but also included a thorough review of all research completed at that point, a 20,000 word critical paper, and a detailed thesis plan. After that point, the successful student was advanced to candidacy, while the unsuccessful student was awarded an M.Phil.and dismissed from the program. This procedure was standardized throughout the university graduate school regardless of department. For candidates, the only obstacle left was the defense of the thesis.

PhD students should complete all the coursework before becoming PhD Candidate. After completing all the coursework, PhD students have to pass the comprehensive written exam (and comprehensive oral exam) to become PhD Candidate. The amount of rigor of comprehensive exam depends on department to department. Some department requires that you pass the comprehensive exam on all the four (or five) seminar areas plus the methods that you have taken. Others require that you declare your major area and pass the comprehensive area on only that major area plus the methods. Department may also require you to come up with a framework for your dissertation topic before they grant you the candidacy status. Again, the variation exists between department in how they grant the candidacy. Once your status change from PhD Student to PhD Candidate, you are no longer required to take courseworks. However, you should be enrolled in the pre-dissertation and dissertation hours (normally 24 hrs; 6 hours per semester to maintain full-time status) to continue your dissertation. You work with your dissertation chair and committee after comprehensive exam. PhD candidate are also called Doctoral candidate, and ABD - All But Dissertation.

• 4 PhD students should complete all the coursework before becoming PhD Candidate - this is not generally true (i.e., not in all fields/all departments). –  ff524 Commented Aug 18, 2014 at 13:36
• 3 I downvoted this for being specific to a very limited area without specifying that area or even mentioning this fact. –  Tobias Kildetoft Commented Aug 18, 2014 at 15:19

When you see PhD CANDIDATE think he/she is a CANDIDATE for a job in their field.

Versus PhD student they are still a student learning their field of study.

In Texas public University you are a candidate when you pass all of your doctoral exams. Usually at this point you have already completed all of your course work. You are wrapping up your research projects, writing papers to be published, writing dissertation and looking for a job.

-Nick, Chemistry PhD candidate

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10 things you need to know before starting a PhD degree

So you want to do a PhD degree, huh? Here we've got everything you need to know about getting started.

So you want to do a PhD degree, huh? Are you sure about that? It’s not going to be an easy decision, so I’ve put together a list of 10 things you need to know before starting a PhD degree. Oh, and don’t panic!

I have recently graduated from the University of Manchester with a PhD in Plant Sciences after four difficult, but enjoyable, years. During those four years, I often felt slightly lost – and there was more than one occasion on which I didn’t even want to imagine writing up my thesis in fear of delving into fits of panic.

On reflection, I realise that – to quote a colleague – commencing my PhD was like “jumping in the deep end with your eyes closed.” If only I’d known to take a deep breath.

1. Are you sure you want to do a PhD degree?

Let’s be under no false impressions, completing a PhD isn’t easy. There will be times when you feel like Wile E Coyote chasing after the Roadrunner – a little bit out of your depth a lot of the time. It’s four years of your life, so make sure it is what you really want to do.

If you want to pursue a career in science, a PhD isn’t always necessary.

It is possible to make great inroads into industry without a doctoral degree. That said, a PhD can also be a very useful qualification with many transferable skills to add to your CV.

By the time you’ll have finished, you can include essentials such as time management, organisational skills, prioritising workloads, attention to detail, writing skills, presenting to an audience – and most importantly – resilience, to name but a few.

2. Choose your project, and supervisor, wisely.

This is  very  important.

Time after time, our experienced scientists at EI, including Erik Van-Den-Bergh (and I agree) say, “ make sure you’re extremely passionate about exactly that subject. ” When I saw the PhD opening that I eventually was offered, I remember being demonstrably ecstatic about the project before I’d even started it.

I was always interested in calcium signalling and organised a meeting with my potential supervisor immediately, which (to quote Billy Connolly) I leapt into in a mood of gay abandon.

Not only does this help you to keep engaged with your project even through the painstakingly slow times, it also greatly enhances your ability to sell yourself in an interview. If you can show passion and enthusiasm about the project and the science then you’ll be that one step ahead of other candidates – which is all the more important now that many studentships are competitive.

You have to  be the best  out of many, often exceptional candidates.

However, as important as it is to be passionate about your project, make sure that the person who will be supervising you is worthy.

Does your potential supervisor have a prolific track record of publishing work? What is the community of scientists like in the lab you may be working in? Are there experienced post-doctoral scientists working in the lab? Who will your advisor be? Is your supervisor an expert in the field you are interested in? Is the work you will be doing ground-breaking and novel, or is it quite niche?

There is nothing more frustrating – and I know many PhD degree students with this problem – than having a supervisor who is rarely there to talk to, shows little interest in your work, and cannot help when you are struggling in the third year of your project and some guidance would be much appreciated.

Personally, and I was very lucky to have this, I think it’s incredibly useful to have two supervisors. My PhD degree was split between the University of Manchester and the Marine Biological Association in Plymouth. Between my supervisors, I had two people with expertise in different fields, who could give me some fantastic advice from different perspectives. This also meant that I had two people to check through my thesis chapters and provide useful comments on my drafts.

Interested in doing a PhD?

If you're interested in applying for a PhD, applications normally open around October. Visit the page below to see our latest opportunities.

You can also read our other PhD blogs from current and past PhD researchers.

3. Treat it like a job.

In an academic environment, it is highly likely that you will define your own schedule; there won’t necessarily be someone clocking you in and out of the office. Granted, you are still a student – and a PhD degree still offers many of the perks of a student lifestyle.

However, while you may have breezed through your undergraduate degree with the occasional all-nighter at the library and three weeks of frantic reading towards the end of each term, there is no room for cramming during a PhD.

Make sure you are passionate about your subject before taking it to PhD level. And by passionate I mean  really  passionate.

For a start, you will most likely have to write a literature review in your first three months, which if done well will form the main bulk of your thesis introduction and will save you a lot of stress and strain when it comes to writing up.

At the end of your first year, you will have to write a continuation report, which is your proof that you deserve to carry on to the end of your three or four years. This doesn’t leave much time for lab work, which means time management is incredibly important. If you think you’ll be able to swan in at 11 and leave at 3, think again.

Fundamentally, never, ever rest on your laurels! As tempting as it may be to slack-off slightly in the second year of your four year PhD, don’t.

4. Be organised.

This is a no-brainer but still, it’s worth a mention. Take an hour on a Monday morning to come up with a list of short-term and long-term goals. You’ll probably have to present your work at regular lab meetings, so it’s always worth knowing what has to be done (lest you look a pillock in front of the lab when there’s nothing to show for your last two weeks.)

It’s always good to have a timeline of what will be done when. If you have a PCR, maybe you can squeeze in another experiment, read a few papers, start writing the introduction to your thesis, or even start collecting the data you already have into figures.

The more good use you make of your time, the easier it’ll be to finish your PhD in the long run. Plus, it’s lovely to sit back and look at actual graphs, rather than worry about having enough to put into a paper. Once you’ve typed up your data, you’ll realise you’ve done far more than you had anticipated and the next step forward will be entirely more apparent.

5. Embrace change – don’t get bogged down in the details.

Felix Shaw – one of our bioinformatics researchers at EI – put it best when he said, “ it felt like I was running into brick walls all the way through [my PhD]… you’d run into a brick wall, surmount it, only to run straight into another. ”

You’ll find that, often, experiments don’t work. What might seem like a great idea could turn out to be as bad as choosing to bat first on a fresh wicket on the first day of the third Ashes test at Edgbaston. (Yeah, we don't know what that means either - Ed).

Resilience is key while completing your PhD. Be open to change and embrace the chance to experiment in different ways. You might even end up with a thesis chapter including all of your failures, which at the very least is something interesting to discuss during your  viva voce .

6. Learn how to build, and use, your network.

As a PhD student, you are a complete novice in the world of science and most things in the lab will be – if not new to you – not exquisitely familiar. This matters not, if you take advantage of the people around you.

Firstly, there are lab technicians and research assistants, who have probably been using the technique you are learning for years and years. They are incredibly experienced at a number of techniques and are often very happy to help show you how things are done.

There are postdocs and other PhD students, too. Not only can they help you with day-to-day experiments, they can offer a unique perspective on how something is done and will probably have a handy back-catalogue of fancy new techniques to try.

There are also a bunch of PIs, not limited to your own, who are great to talk to. These people run labs of their own, have different ideas, and might even give you a job once you’ve completed your PhD.

Don’t limit yourself to the labs directly around you, however. There are a massive number of science conferences going on all around the world. Some of them, such as the Society of Biology Conference, take place every year at a similar time in different locations, attracting many of the leaders in their respective fields.

If you are terrified by the prospect of speaking at a full-blown science conference and having your work questioned by genuine skeptics, there are also many student-led conferences which will help you dangle your fresh toes in the murky waters of presenting your work.

One such conference, the Second Student Bioinformatics Symposium, which took place at Earlham Institute in October 2016, was a great place for candidates to share their projects with peers, who are often much more friendly than veteran researchers with 30 year careers to their name when it comes to the questions at the end of your talk.

Another great reason to attend conferences, of course, is the social-side too – make the most of this. You never know who you might meet and connect with over a few drinks once the talks are over and the party commences.

7. Keep your options open.

You should be aware that for every 200 PhD students,  only 7  will get a permanent academic post , so it’s  incredibly unlikely that you’ll become a Professor  – and even if you make PI, it probably won’t be until your mid-forties.

You may also, despite having commenced along the academic path, decide that actually, working in a lab environment isn’t for you. Most PhD graduates, eventually, will not pursue an academic career, but move on to a wide range of other vocations.

It might be that Science Communication is more up your street. This was certainly the case for me – and I made sure that I took part in as many public engagement events as possible while completing my PhD. Most Universities have an active public engagement profile, while organisations such as STEM can provide you with ample opportunities to interact with schools and the general public.

You might also consider entrepreneurship as a route away from academia, which might still allow you to use your expert scientific knowledge. There are a variety of competitions and workshops available to those with a business mind, a strong example being Biotechnology YES.

I, for example, took part in the Thought for Food Challenge, through which I have been able to attend events around the world and meet a vast array of like-minded individuals. Many of the participants from the challenge have gone on to set up successful businesses and have even found jobs as a result of the competition.

8. Balance.

Remember that you still have a life outside of your PhD degree – and that this can be one of the greatest opportunities to make amazing friends from around the world.

A science institute is usually home to the brightest students from a variety of countries and can provide a chance to experience a delightful range of different people and cultures. Don’t just stick to the people in your lab, go to events for postgraduate students and meet people from all over campus.

There are usually academic happy hours happening on Fridays after work where you can buy cheap beer, or some lucky institutions even have their own bar. At Norwich Research Park, we not only have the Rec Centre, along with bar, swimming pool, calcetto, samba classes, archery, and a range of other activities, but there are also biweekly “Postdoc pub clubs” which are very fun to join on a Tuesday evening.

Maintain your hobbies and keep up with friends outside of your PhD and you’ll probably find it’s not that gruelling a process after all.

Plus, the people you meet and become friends with might be able to help you out – or at least be able to offer a sympathetic shoulder.

9. Practical advice.

If, after reading all of this, you’re still going to march forth and claim your doctorhood, then this section should be rather useful.

Firstly, make sure your data is backed up. It’s amazing how many people don’t do this and you’d be bonkers not to. Keep your work saved on a shared drive, so that if your computer decides to spontaneously combust upon pressing the return key, you won’t have lost all of your precious work – or have to go through every one of your lab books and type it all up again.

Secondly, don’t leave your bag in the pub with your half-written thesis in it. I did this, the bag was fine, I was in a state of terror for at least half an hour before the kind person at Weatherspoons located said bag.

Thirdly, read. Read broadly, read anything and everything that’s closely related to your project – or completely unrelated. It’s sometimes amazing where you might find a stroke of inspiration, a new technique you hadn’t thought of … or even in idea of where you might like to go next.

Finally, ask questions – all of the time. No matter how stupid it might sound in your head, everyone’s probably been asked it before, and if you don’t ask, you don’t get.

You’ll probably look far less stupid if you just ask the person standing next to you how the gradient PCR function works on your thermal cycler rather than standing there randomly prodding buttons and looking flustered, anyway.

10. Savour the positives.

At the end of all of this, it has to be said that doing a PhD is absolutely brilliant. There’s no other time in your life that you’ll be this free to pursue your very own project and work almost completely independently. By the time you come to the end of your PhD, you will be the leading expert in the world on something. A real expert! Until the next PhD student comes along …

Related reading.

A PhD, is it worth it? Just ask our students

The realities of doing a PhD

My advice for PhD students? See what bites

COVID and my PhD: to lockdown and back

How does a PhD work and how to find the right one

Building the confidence to take on a PhD

PhD life, 10 things we learned in our first six months

What’s the third year of a PhD like? Tips for navigating your PhD

PhD by experience

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PhD Admission Guide

Gain admission to your dream school, guide to phd admission.

While some students swear off further education after undergrad, some love the thrill of intellectual discovery and research. For these students, graduate school is a natural choice. Graduate degrees are separated into “professional” and “academic” categories. Professional degrees are JDs and MDs, while academic degrees are PhDs (literally “Doctorates of Philosophy” regardless of what field you actually study).

Whether or not you need to pursue a PhD depends entirely on what career you wish to have. Some require higher education, while many others do not. In this guide we’ll go over how to apply to PhD programs, what they are looking for, and how the application process works. This guide is focused on the US and Canada; Europe has a system which is simultaneously similar and very different.

What PhD Programs Look For

PhD programs want to make sure you are prepared academically for the rigors of the program, and that you have a concrete research goal in mind. PhD programs culminate with each student answering a research question they devise, contributing new knowledge to the world in the process. 

Thus these programs seek to evaluate your intellectual ability, research goals, previous research experience, and how you will contribute to their program. To determine this, they ask for the following:

Letters of Recommendation

We’ll go through each of these in turn, and explain what graduate programs are looking for from each.

Your GPA in undergrad is the single most important factor in PhD admissions. If your GPA is too low your application will be dismissed out of hand. While there are no hard limits, we suggest a minimum GPA of 3.5 for serious contention, especially at top schools. If your GPA is below 3.0 then you will likely not get admitted into any PhD programs.

The reason for this is that PhD programs are a lot of work. Being intelligent is necessary, but is far from sufficient alone. Everyone in PhD programs is intelligent, and everyone is also willing to do the work. Your GPA is seen as the primary indicator of your willingness and ability to do academic work to a high standard, and your preparation for the rigors of a PhD program.

Along with your overall GPA, schools request your major GPA. This is your GPA when calculated only using courses in your major. This is usually expected to be higher than your overall GPA. Your major GPA should be over 3.5.

While taking harder courses in undergrad is a great experience, they can also harm your overall GPA. Of course, the best approach is to take very hard classes and do well in them, but this is not always possible. We recommend taking a blend of courses, so you are never overloaded, and able to give each the attention it needs to do well.

Academic Preparation

Your GPA and transcript is also used to judge your academic preparation for the program. You should have a solid grounding in the field, and have taken advanced courses as well. Taking graduate level courses in undergrad can exemplify this. 

Some PhD programs also require research languages. This is more common in the social sciences and humanities, but all students will benefit from knowing other languages well enough to do research in them. You should look up language requirements when researching programs to apply to.

The Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) is a standardized test meant for students who intend to apply to graduate programs. Both MA and PhD programs ask for GRE scores. Much like the SAT or ACT in college exams, the test is meant to be a standardized measure of academic preparation and logical skill.

The test consists of six sections. The first is writing, next are two on verbal reasoning, then two on quantitative reasoning, and finally a research or experimental section, meant to test new questions. The entire test is offered on the computer, with one minute breaks after each section, and a ten minute break after the third section. While there is also a paper-based test, almost all testing is now done on a computer. Due to the pandemic, both testing centers and at-home testing are offered. The GRE is a multi-stage test, and how well you do on earlier sections determines the difficulty of later sections and questions. 

The verbal sections each consist of 20 questions, to be answered over 30 minutes. The whole is scored on a scale of 130-170. The quantitative section is scored the same, and consists of two 20 question sections, each of which should be completed in 35 minutes. The writing section is scored from 0-6. For this section, you write an essay on a given issue in 30 minutes, and offer a response critiquing a provided argument for 30 minutes.

Your total score from the GRE is given from 130-170. While the exact scores you need to enter graduate school vary, higher is better. In addition, some programs only care about your verbal score, while others only care about your quantitative score. How much weight each program puts on GRE scores varies greatly.

We recommend studying for the GRE for some time before testing. You can take the GRE up to five times per year, but must wait at least 21 days between testing dates. Only scores from the past 5 years will be released or considered by graduate programs.

Curriculum Vitae

This is akin to a resume, but is dissimilar enough that the two cannot be used interchangeably. The purpose of a CV is, like a resume, to detail what you have accomplished academically and in your career. It is far more focused on academics however, and is widely used for academic careers.

We recommend finding a template for a CV online, or asking your college’s advisors for help in creating one. If you already have a resume, then you will easily be able to convert it into a CV.

What admissions officers are looking for in your activities is primarily signs of research. This should be in whatever field you intend to pursue a PhD in. Publications are also incredibly valuable. All of academia runs on publication, and getting an early start helps your career at every step.

You should try to do research while still in undergrad. What this looks like depends entirely on what field you are pursuing. While the research does not have to exactly line up with what you wish to pursue, it should teach you skills which are cross applicable. Higher level academic research has its own set of methods and language which must be learned, and students who are already familiar with the forms and structures of research have a leg up in graduate school. 

Publication is not required, but is nice to see. If you have completed a master’s degree, you should have some publication history; of your thesis if nothing else. Speak with your academic advisors about getting your work published.

Each graduate school you apply to will ask for an essay. You will be able to use the same basic form for each, but will need to edit it to be about the particular program you are applying to. Most schools only require a single essay, although some programs ask for a second on diversity.

The purpose of this essay is to explain your research interests, what you have studied, your intended area of specialization, and what your focus will be on. Every PhD student is asking and trying to answer a very specific research question. This question forms the basis of their dissertation, and will be the focus of your life for several years if you are accepted.

Thus the essay is the most important part of your application. Your grades and GRE are required to see if you are academically ready for graduate school, but the essay lets readers know if you are a match for their program, and serious about your research.

Your essay should begin by stating which program you are applying to, and why. Next, go through your previous academic experience in the field, both coursework and research. You don’t have to go through every class, but cover the ones most relevant to your desired research topic.

You should discuss any prior research you have done in the field. If you completed a thesis for your undergraduate degree or a master’s program, cover that here. If you have any publication credits, cover those as well. This should relate directly to the field you are trying to enter. If you wish to pursue lab work, discuss your previous experiences; if instead you are pursuing field work, talk about your experiences there.

Next you should talk about the research you specifically wish to pursue through a PhD. You don’t need to have an exact research question worked out, but it is helpful to have some idea; you should at least know the subfield you will be focusing on. The more specific you are, the better. Having some discussion of methodology can be nice, but is not always necessary.

If there are any ongoing research projects ongoing at the school you wish to work on, cover those next. You should discuss how these projects specifically relate to your own research interests. Finally, you should talk about which professors you wish to work with. Professors take on graduate students to advise, and you ideally want one with a specialization at least tangentially related to your field of interest. The more closely related the professor’s studies are to your own, the better.

You will be able to leave much of this essay the same for each school you apply to, changing only the name of the program, the research projects, and the professors you wish to work with. 

This essay should be a page and a half to two pages long, single spaced. You should go into sufficient detail for those reading it to understand the research you want to pursue. These essays are reviewed by the faculty who run the department, and they make the admissions decisions for PhD programs. There are many more applicants than there are spaces, and admissions rates are low. The more specific and detailed you are in this essay, the better the faculty will understand your research aims, and the better your chances will be.

Diversity Statements

Not all programs ask for these, but you will likely be able to reuse the same essay for those that do. The purpose of the diversity statement is to see what unique points of view and experiences you will be able to contribute to the program. PhDs are about learning, and the more viewpoints and ideas within a program, the broader the experience will be.

If you are a member of an underrepresented group, an immigrant, come from an underprivileged background, or come from an area which is generally underrepresented, we suggest discussing that in this essay. You should not write an essay about your interactions with members of these groups, or a study abroad experience.

Above all, this essay should be authentic to you and your experience. The goal is to show how your background has shaped you as a person, and how it impacts your view of the world.

As with college applications, letters of recommendation are required for PhD admissions. These tell admissions committees who you are as a student and researcher, and give their opinion on how you will perform when doing graduate level work. Academic fields are small and often insular, and the professors writing your letters will often be known by those reading them, either by reputation or in person.

Programs ask for two to four letters. These should primarily come from professors who know you and your work well. If you had a thesis advisor, they should write one of your letters. If you’ve worked doing research for some time, then a mentor or lab director can also be a good source of a letter, even if they haven’t taught you in class. Letters should not come from non-academic sources, unless you have worked professionally in that field. 

While you have the option to read the letters that are written for you, you should always waive that right. If you don’t trust your writers to craft good letters for you, then you shouldn’t be asking them for letters. Asking to see letters is considered a sign of lack of trust, and is gauche. Many professors will decline to write letters if you insist on seeing them.

You should ask for letters well in advance of when they are due; we recommend at least a month or two. If you are asking non-tenured faculty for a letter, more leeway is recommended, as they have more on their plate, and are often more stressed. You may need to send a reminder as deadlines approach. You should also share a copy of your essay with letter writers, so they know exactly what subfield you intend to pursue, and can discuss this in their letters.

Finally, you should be aware of politics when asking for letters. Some professors do not like each other at all. If you are seen as the protege of a professor who others detest, this can impact your admissions chances. Always discuss which schools and programs you are applying to with your letter writers. You should also discuss your choices of writers with an advisor (for example a thesis advisor) familiar with the field. Academic politics are incredibly petty, but if you plan to pursue a PhD you need to be aware of the game, and how it is played.

If your application passes the first review, you will be invited to do an interview. This will be with faculty in the program you are applying to. This is to further get to know you, and to understand your research objectives. 

You should be able to clearly explain what you want to research, and how this program will help you do so. The people talking to you will all be familiar with the field, though not necessarily your specific subfield. They are looking for your ability to communicate and explain your view. Be prepared to answer some questions about the specifics of your goals, though it’s ok if you don’t know everything right now.

Interviews are generally in person, though due to the pandemic, virtual interviews have become more common. This is also your chance to ask any questions you have about the program you were unable to find answers to online. You can practice for this interview with an advisor or mentor; many schools have career centers which hold mock grad school interviews as well.

When and How to Apply to Grad School

There is no unified platform for PhD applications. Instead you must apply to each program individually, through the school’s website. This will mean filling out information multiple times, but they fortunately don’t ask for much. Once you have your documents in order, the rest is personal, demographic, and contact information.

You will need to pay to have your GRE scores sent to each school you apply to. Even though this is all electronic, they still charge dearly for it. 

Applications are generally due in December or January, with interviews held over the next few months. Applications open in September or October. We recommend getting your applications in before the due date, though most programs don’t use rolling admissions. Each program sets their own deadlines, so you should track when each of your applications is due carefully to make sure nothing gets overlooked.

Paying for Grad School

PhD programs are for the most part fully funded. This means you will not be paying tuition, and will also get funding to live on. This funding is generally contingent on academic standing, and doing work TAing, teaching, or on ongoing research projects (or most commonly, all of the above). Many grad students also work full or part time to support themselves. 

While you will not need to take on additional debt to pay for graduate school, you will not be well paid either. While the exact amount graduate students receive varies by school and program, it is generally in the range of $20-30,000 annually. This goes towards food, housing, and supplies.

While you are in a PhD program, you will not have to make payments on any government loans you took out to pay for undergrad, though they will continue to accrue interest. Making payments on them during grad school is difficult, but will greatly cut down on the amount you need to pay back later.

There are also outside scholarships available to help pay for graduate studies. While the amounts offered by these vary, most are small. They can help greatly with paying for the necessities however, and applying to them is usually worth the time investment.

Grad School Admission FAQ

Now we’ll answer some of the most common questions about applying to PhD programs.

Can older students apply?

Yes. Many professionals return to school for a PhD long out of undergrad. We suggest taking some courses at a local university in the field you plan on entering before you do this however. Academic research advances quickly, and this will familiarize you with the latest developments. Further, this will introduce you to professors who can provide you with letters of recommendation.

What are my odds of acceptance?

This depends on both your field and program. Generally, however, it is quite difficult to gain admissions to a PhD program, and admission rates hover around 10%. Only the best students get accepted, and this is even more the case at the top schools and programs.

When should I start thinking about applications?

When you choose your major, you should decide what level you want to reach within that field. Some majors lend themselves to PhDs if you want to work in that field, while others allow employment at various levels.

Where should I apply?

You should find programs with professors who are dedicated to your particular subfield. A prestigious institution which does not focus on your area is far less useful, regardless of how famous its name is. You are looking for someone who will be able to advise you, and help you perform worthwhile research. Further, professors are looking for students studying fields similar to their own when they admit graduate students.

How long are PhD programs?

Generally programs last 4-5 years, though this can vary based on field. The exact structure of the programs also varies a lot based on field and program.

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A subreddit dedicated to PhDs.

What percentage of the PhDs fail in the qual exam?

I know in places like Stanford, this could be a significant percentage.

Do people fail in qual exam or later in your university?

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A note about masters and doctoral comprehensive exams.

Passing Comps Is a Major Milestone

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Graduate students take two sets of comprehensive exams, both master's and doctoral. Yes, it sounds scary. Comprehensive examinations, known as comps, are a source of anxiety for most graduate students.

What Is a Comprehensive Examination?

A comprehensive examination is just what it sounds like. It is a test that covers a broad base of material. It assesses the student's knowledge and capacities to earn a given graduate degree. The exact content varies by graduate program and by degree: master's and doctoral comprehensive exams have similarities but differ in detail, depth, and expectations. Depending on the graduate program and degree, comps could test course knowledge, knowledge of your proposed research area, and general knowledge in the field. This is especially true of doctoral students, who must be prepared to discuss the field at a professional level, citing material from coursework but also classic and current references.

When Do You Take Comps?

Comps are generally given toward the end of coursework or afterward as a way to determine how well a student is able to synthesize the material, solve problems, and think like a professional. Passing a comprehensive exam lets you move to the next level of study.

What Is the Format?

Master's and doctoral exams often are written exams, sometimes oral, and sometimes both written and oral. Exams are usually administered in one or more long test periods. For example, in one program written doctoral comprehensive exams are given in two blocks that are each eight hours long on consecutive days. Another program administers a written comp exam to master's students in one period that lasts five hours. Oral exams are more common in doctoral comps, but there are no hard and fast rules.

What Is the Master's Comp Exam?

Not all master's programs offer or require that students complete comprehensive exams. Some programs require a passing score on a comprehensive exam for entry to the thesis. Other programs use comprehensive exams in place of a thesis. Some programs give students a choice of completing either a comprehensive exam or a thesis. In most cases, master's students are given guidance on what to study. It might be specific lists of readings or sample questions from previous exams. Master's comprehensive exams are generally given to an entire class at once.

What Is the Doctoral Comp Exam?

Virtually all doctoral programs require that students complete doctoral comps. The exam is the gateway to the dissertation . After passing the comprehensive exam a student can use the title " doctoral candidate ," which is a label for students who have entered the dissertation phase of doctoral work, the final hurdle to the doctoral degree. Doctoral students often receive much less guidance on how to prepare for comps as compared with master's students. They might get long reading lists, some sample questions from previous exams, and instructions to be familiar with articles published over the past few years in the prominent journals in their field.

What If You Don't Pass Your Comps?

Graduate students who are unable to pass a program's comprehensive exam are weeded from the graduate program and cannot complete the degree. Graduate programs often allow a student who fails the comprehensive exam another chance to pass. However, most programs send students packing after two failing grades.

• 8 Tips to Prepare for Your Comprehensive Examination
• What is Grad School Like?
• Asking Faculty to Sit on Your Dissertation Committee
• 8 Tips for Taking Notes from Your Reading
• Graduate School Papers and You
• Time Management Tips for Graduate Students
• Avoid These Common Mistakes Students Make in Grad School
• You Missed Class: What Do You Do?
• Improve Your Reading Speed and Comprehension With the SQ3R Method
• Stop Procrastinating to Complete Your Dissertation
• Is Grad School Harder Than College?
• How to Start the Semester Right
• Organization Tips for Graduate Students
• What to Do When You Are Accepted to Grad School
• What to Do the Summer Before You Start Grad School
• How to Get Help from Your Professor

6 Effective Tips on How to Ace Your PhD Qualifying Exam

It’s probably not your first day at the university and you are still exploring the campus, determining which place would be your “nook”. Just as you do, you find a place to sit and it then feels surreal as you reminisce, “How did I get here?”—from determining your areas of interest for research to finding the university that offers a suitable program, from drafting personal statements to finally receiving the acceptance letter. And as you are looking into oblivion surrounded by these thoughts, you feel content and just as you breathe a sigh of relief, you hear muttering sounds from some students passing by. What do you hear? — “…something…something…Qualifying exam!”. And that’s when reality strikes you! Although you are in the program now, you must prove your candidacy for it by passing the PhD qualifying exam.

In simpler words, a PhD qualifying exam is one of the requirements that determine whether or not the PhD student has successfully completed the first phase of the program and if they should be recommended for admission to candidacy for PhD. It is also referred to as the PhD candidacy exam and is probably one of the most arduous times for doctoral students. Furthermore, it is imperative for all doctoral students to prove their preparedness and capabilities to apply and synthesize the skills and knowledge during the graduate program by appearing for the qualifying exam. An integral part of the qualifying examination is a research proposal submitted to the examining committee at least two weeks before the examination.

What is the Purpose of a PhD Qualifying Exam?

A PhD student is someone who enrolls in a doctoral degree program. Typically, a PhD program requires students to complete a certain number of credits in coursework and successfully pass qualifying exams, which is followed by the dissertation writing and defense. The purpose of a PhD qualifying exam is to evaluate whether the student has adequate knowledge of the discipline and whether the student is eligible of conducting original research .

This qualifying exam is a bridge that transforms a PhD student into a PhD candidate. The difference between a PhD student and a PhD candidate is that the student is still working through the coursework and is yet to begin the dissertation process, and thus do not qualify to present and defend their dissertation to receive their doctorate. This period of transition means there is no more coursework to complete or classes to take; it is a self-defined structure of work from now with guidance from your supervisors at regular intervals.

What is the Format of the PhD Qualifying Exam?

Just as no two research projects can be alike, so cannot the qualifying exams for two different students. Thus, rather than asking your seniors about the questions that they were asked, a better approach is to understand the format and the process of the qualifying exam.

Typically, a PhD qualifying exam is conducted in two phases: a written exam and an oral exam.

1. Written Qualifying Exam

After completing your coursework, the written qualifying exam is the first one that you must take. The aim of this exam is to assess your ability to incorporate your learnings from all of the different classes you took in the program to formulate research questions and solve your research problems. Ideally, each of your committee members will test you separately on this.

2. Oral Qualifying Exam

The oral qualifying exam is undertaken after completion of the written part. Its purpose is to evaluate your thought process and ability to conduct the research required to complete a PhD . Additionally, some universities require you to present your research proposal and defend it during your oral qualifying exam.

During the oral exam, each professor from your committee will ask few questions related to your research proposal and your answers from the written exam. Sometimes, the committee members may also ask you to draw your answers on the board, especially if it’s an equation, a molecular structure, mechanism, or a diagram.

4 Possible Outcomes of the Qualifying Exam

“what if i fail my qualifying exam”- the petrifying thought.

Though this is the rarest situation that PhD students face,  its possibility cannot be neglected. While the final result is based on what your committee members decide, they often give you a chance to retake the exam and meet certain conditions. However, if you fail the exam by unanimous decision of all committee members who oppose you from taking the reexam, you may have to leave the program and opt for another field of study or university.

But why should you be worried? You’ve got these nifty tips to crack your PhD qualifying exam!

Tips to Ace the PhD Qualifying Exam

Don’t you want to excel at your qualifying exam? Here are some things you should know!

1. Know Your Qualifying Exam Committee

• Identify the area of expertise of each committee member.
• Consult your seniors and other grad students who have worked with them and are currently working with them or have taken classes from them, or best—have had them for their own qualifying exam.
• Try to anticipate the pattern of their questions they are likely to follow and prepare your answers accordingly. However, do not spend too much time on this. It is likely, that your research proposal may give rise to a different line of questioning.

2. Know Your Subject

• Hit the library and stay updated with recent research in your field.
• Acquaint yourself with knowledge of your subject matter, as that’s what you’ll be tested on the most.

3. Know What is Expected of You

• Schedule a meeting with your committee members in advance, at least twice before appearing for your qualifying exam.
• Initiate a conversation about what you are expected to cover for the exam.
• Be an attentive listener and make note of their points as they speak.
• Ask them relevant questions so that you don’t get back to your room with doubts.

4. Know Your Plan

• Start with managing your time
• Organize your data and start writing the research proposal .
• Do not overcommit. Allot yourself 1–2 months of intense studying prior to the exam to master all the background and general knowledge you may need.
• Make your notes including textual as well as graphical content for quick revision.
• Request your supervisor or seniors to quiz you and critique your presentation. Work optimistically on their constructive suggestions.

5. Know the Challenges

• Presenting your proposal may at times be quite daunting. Hence, practice giving mock presentations during lab meetings or even in front of your mirror.
• Be prepared for technical as well as analytical questions.

  6. Know the Do’s and Avoid the Don’ts

• While presenting, follow a narrative approach to keep the committee interested in your research.
• Explain your research briefly and add details as you are asked.
• Don’t overwhelm the examining committee with irrelevant details.
• Ensure that it’s a stimulating discussion among peers.
• Dress professionally and stay composed.
• More importantly, take a good night’s sleep before your exam day.

As my research advisor would say, “There’s only one step that keeps you away or brings you closer to your goal. It’s for you to choose the direction!” Similarly, the PhD qualifying exam is that one step you take to reach closer to the hallowed status of “Doctor”. So follow these nifty tips and share them with your friends and colleagues for we know what the future of research holds for us. Let us know the challenges you faced while preparing for your qualifying exam. How was it different from the experiences of your colleagues? You can also visit our  Q&A forum  for frequently asked questions related to different aspects of research writing and publishing answered by our team that comprises subject-matter experts, eminent researchers, and publication experts.

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Student Guide: Ph.D. Comprehensive Examination

The comprehensive examination is a critical part of the GPIS PhD program. You should not view it simply as a bureaucratic hurdle to pass over on your way to the dissertation. Instead, before embarking on narrowly focused dissertation work, the comprehensive examination establishes that you have the broad familiarity and expertise with the field that is the mark of a doctoral education. It is the checkpoint that confirms that you are ready to pass from being a student to a scholar. The process of preparing for the comprehensive exam should help you organize and reflect on the variety of things you have learned over the past few years. While to this point, each of your seminars has been a distinct learning experience, you now can think about how your interdisciplinary work in international studies fits together. Preparation for the comprehensive exam should help you become better able to integrate and utilize the knowledge you have gained in your graduate study. It is also critically important for embarking on the dissertation. The best dissertations are effectively connected to the central questions and literature of the field. Unless you have developed an integrated overview of the field you will not have the necessary foundation for dissertation work.

The Comprehensive Character of the PhD Examination

It is important to note that the comprehensive PhD examination is not simply a test of your cumulative knowledge of seminar materials. It is, rather, a test of your preparation to work as an independent scholar at the highest level. By now you should be functioning like a scholar, and not just like a student. You should be aware of the major journals in your field and should be paying attention to them. You should know what the most important books, articles, and debates are regardless of whether they were used in your classes. It may have been a few years since you took IR theory, but it is unlikely that the scholars who work in that area have stopped pushing the field forward to wait for you to get through the comprehensive exams.

The Written Comprehensive Examination Process

The written comprehensive exams are usually scheduled for a Friday and Monday the weekend before the start of the new semester. You will do your major field on one day and your minor field on the other. We will try to schedule your major field for Friday and your minor field for Monday, but the order will be determined by the scheduling needs of the full set of students taking the written comprehensives on a given day. You will have eight hours to complete each part of the exam. The exam is closed book and no notes or other aids of any kind are allowed. For each of your fields you will be given five questions from which you will choose two to answer.

The Written Exam Grading

The exam will be graded by the appointed Doctoral Candidacy Examination Committee. The committee will usually, but not always, include the Committee Chair, and directors of the relevant tracks. It will usually take about two weeks to get the written exams graded.

Passing the Written Comprehensive Exam

Different examiners may read the exams in different ways, and it is the student's responsibility to write answers that are generally accessible and appealing across the variety of GPIS faculty. Most readers will be looking for a clear and direct answer to the question, evidence of familiarity and facility with the important literature, and an ability to integrate theory and empirical cases.

To pass the comprehensive exam, students must not receive more than one failing evaluation from a committee member.

Failing the Written Comprehensive Exam

Our goal and expectations are that every student will pass the comprehensive examination. The exam is not designed to be a barrier. It is meant to be a straightforward assessment of the student's command of their declared fields and their preparation to move on to the challenges of writing the dissertation. Nonetheless, and precisely because the exam is conceptualized as an assessment of this preparedness to move on, it plays a very important role in your doctoral education. Students who do not demonstrate an effective grasp of the relevant literature and empirics or who do not effectively and explicitly answer the questions as asked will not pass.

Students who do not pass the written portion of the exam on the first attempt will have to retake the exam in a subsequent semester. Failure on the second attempt will prevent the student from going on to write a dissertation. At the discretion of the examination committee, the failing student may be awarded the MA degree if the performance and coursework so merit, and if they do not already have a GPIS MA.

The Oral Comprehensive Examination process

Doctoral candidates are expected to be able to communicate effectively and knowledgeably both in writing and orally. Thus, the comprehensive examinations have both a written and an oral component.

The oral portion of the comprehensive examination will take place about three weeks after the written. Three to five faculty members will administer the examination. The examiners will usually, but not necessarily, include the Director or Associate Director of GPIS and the track coordinators from the student's major and minor fields. The examination will last about one hour. Each examiner will have a chance to ask questions, but the format will often shift between relatively structured questioning and a more free-flowing discussion.

The discussion will center on the student's answers for the written exam (students may use their written exam). The scope of the exam is not, however, limited to that material. The examiners will be looking to fill in any perceived gaps in the written work, and to assess the student's facility more generally with the literature and empirical material.

Passing the Oral Comprehensive Exam

Passing the oral comprehensive exam is a matter of convincing the committee members that you have an appropriate mastery of the central material of the field and are prepared to go on to focused and independent work on a dissertation. To pass, you must not receive more than one negative vote from a member of the examining committee.

Failing the Oral Comprehensive Exam

Students who do not pass the oral exam will be asked to return in one month for a second oral exam. Students who do not pass on the second attempt will not be allowed to continue for the PhD.

Tips for Preparing for the PhD Comprehensive Exam

The most important preparation for the PhD comprehensive examination is the GPIS coursework you have completed. Reviewing the notes and materials from your seminars and trying to organize it around some integrative themes is essential preparation. The following pages offer some further suggestions for effective preparation for the comprehensive examination, and for ensuring a strong examination performance.

1. Take appropriate classes

In consultation with your adviser and other faculty, be sure to select a variety of classes that will give you the broad background you need for the comprehensive exam. It is particularly important that you choose classes that will help you gain both a breadth of field knowledge, and a depth of knowledge in a few critical areas. The seminar papers you write should particularly help you develop depth in a few critical areas.

2. Keep effective class notes and reading notes

You should be thinking about preparation for the comprehensive exams from the beginning of your program. Keeping your seminar and reading notes in an organized manner will allow for more effective comprehensive exam review. You will particularly want to be careful about the material in the core classes.

You may find it useful to develop reading notes at different levels of depth. There may be a set of books and articles for which you will have 2-3 page summaries. There may be a second, larger, group for which you have paragraph length descriptions. Finally you should have a third very large group for which you have a sentence for each reading that gives you the central thrust of the argument.

3. Work on exam preparation in groups

Working with others can help you share the labor of summarizing and reviewing material. You can work with others on identifying the critical literature and on developing answers to hypothetical test questions.

4. Pay particular attention to the broad literature of international relations theory that will help you in answering a wide variety of questions

Many of the questions across the different tracks will benefit from an effective understanding of the broad currents and debates of international relations theory. One of the things a graduate education should help you do is to apply general theory to a variety of specific situations. Displaying that ability on the comprehensive exam is a good idea.

5. Identify some historical periods and important episodes and issues around which you will develop a particular expertise

Alas, no one can know everything about everything. You will see in this collection of sample questions that it is relatively rare for a question to demand knowledge of a particular event or historical period. Nonetheless, you will also see that you are often called upon to identify a critical historical period or event. You will be expected to evince in-depth knowledge of some issues or areas. Effective in-depth knowledge of a few critical issue areas or historical episodes can help you generate appropriate material for a wide variety of questions.

6. Identify some important literature with which you will be particularly familiar

You need to have a good feel for a very broad range of literature. For a lot of books and articles, remembering the author and the central thrust of their argument and evidence will serve you adequately for the comprehensives. But, just as it is essential that you have a greater depth of knowledge about a few historical episodes are critical issues, you will want to have a set of books and articles that you know extremely well. You should have an identified set of readings that you are confident you can apply to a reasonable range of questions and that you know very well and can talk about with some depth and sophistication.

7. Practice for the exam

Using the material in this booklet, you should write some practice exams. At the beginning you may want to take several hours and write an answer with open book resources. By the end you should be practicing with closed notes and a two-hour clock to simulate exam conditions. Such practice will not only help you think about how you will engage in the actual task of taking the exam, but will give you collection of sample answers that may be easily adapted to the real test questions. Just be careful that you don't mistakenly provide the answer to a similar old question and miss the slightly changed terms or requirements that are likely to show up in the real test.

The process of preparing practice exams is another area where working in groups can be extremely helpful. Having a study group can give you a larger stock of practice answers and will allow you to get feedback and to discuss the appropriate sources and arguments for a given question.

Tips for Writing an Effective Comprehensive Exam

1. Make sure you answer the questions explicitly and clearly.

The most common comprehensive exam mistake is to not explicitly and clearly answer the question. Read the question very carefully and make sure that you offer an explicit answer to the question. Do not rely on the readers to draw out implicit answers.

2. Make appropriate reference to the literature and relevant scholarly debates.

You will not, of course, be expected to provide detailed citations. But, you should demonstrate familiarity and facility with a range of the literature. You should be able to appropriately reference the scholars whose arguments are relevant to a particular issue. You may occasionally include the name of a book or article and the date of its publication.

3. Make appropriate use of theory and of empirical and historical knowledge.

If appropriately done, it is particularly effective to use theory to inform answers on history questions and history to inform answers on theory questions.

4. Write full answers that are structured with an introduction and conclusion.

As in all writing, structure and organization are important to effective communication. Just because it is a time-limited exam is no excuse for jumbled, incoherent writing. Take the time to think through and outline your argument and its structure before you write. As in all writing, signposting, headings, and clear explicit language can help communicate your ideas. Provide a clear introduction and conclusion that can help you summarize your central point and will reassure the readers that you have, in fact, explicitly answered the question.

5. Make an argument

As a scholar prepared to embark on independent thesis work, it is important that you demonstrate an ability to effectively articulate your own views. The comprehensive exam is not just about knowing the literature. It is also about demonstrating that you can think about international issues critically and come to your own conclusions. Avoid wishy-washy answers that simply describe some of the ideas extant in the field and then conclude that they are all correct. Take a stand and defend it with appropriate theoretical, analytical, and empirical material.

6. Make choices

You will notice that most of the questions are a lot bigger than can be fully answered in the two-hours you will have on average during the written exam. You have to make choices on how you will answer so that you can display your breadth and depth of knowledge while satisfying the committee that you have effectively addressed the question. It usually helps if you can be explicit about how you are managing the question ("While there are, of course, idiosyncratic elements in the complex relationship of each President to his national security team, I will focus in this short essay on the difficult relationship between Jimmy Carter, Zbigniew Brzezinski and Cyrus Vance because it effectively illuminates the problems every foreign policy team must face"). It is rarely a good strategy to try to present a broad and superficial survey of too many things ("In this essay I will discuss the relationship of each Post-WWII American president with his respective Secretaries of State and Defense").

7. Don't make big mistakes

This, of course, is common sense, but I can't overemphasize how difficult it is to certify someone as ready to move onto writing a dissertation who fundamentally misunderstands some essential literature, or who demonstrates a wanton disregard for historical accuracy.

Tips for the Oral Examination

1. Attitude matters

Attitude is important in the oral examination, just as it will be for the remainder of your career as a scholar. As a doctoral candidate, you should be able to present your views with confidence, but without becoming defensive. The examiners are likely to push against your views and expect to see you defend them effectively, but not irrationally.

The best way to figure out the right attitude is to attend the presentations of others at research workshops, dissertation defenses, and conferences. Start paying attention to the style as well as the substance. Take note of how other scholars deal with difficult questions and criticisms. What works and what doesn't work? What makes them sound defensive? What makes them sound arrogant? What makes them sound indecisive?

2. Being nervous is inevitable

It is likely that you will be nervous. How you perform when nervous is not irrelevant to your career as a scholar. You need to demonstrate that despite being nervous you can engage in appropriate scholarly discussion.

3. We probably know more than you, but knowing everything isn't required

It is likely that all together, the three to five professors conducting the examination know some things that you don't. With some pushing, they will probably be able to find out what some of those things are. We don't expect you to know everything. We do expect you to communicate effective knowledge of a broad range of subjects, and explicit and deep knowledge of a few selected areas.

4. Practice

The best way to practice for the oral exam is to speak up and engage in discussion in your seminars, in research workshops, and at conferences. If you aren't prepared to express and defend your views in the seminar setting, it is unlikely that you will be prepared to do so in the oral exam.

5. Work with other students

Again, preparing for the comprehensive examinations with other students will help you both with the substance and with the process. Scholarly discussions of exam questions with other students will give you the chance to practice articulating and defending your views with appropriate references to the literature and empirical facts.

The ODU Honor Pledge will be strictly enforced, and you will be asked to sign off on this pledge on the date of the exam:

I pledge to support the Honor System of Old Dominion University. I will refrain from any form of academic dishonesty or deception, such as cheating or plagiarism. I am aware that as a member of the academic community it is my responsibility to turn in all suspected violations of the Honor Code. I will report to a hearing if summoned.

Technical Instructions

Guidelines to answering questions.

This examination will be conducted in a BAL Computer lab. In an emergency, you must inform the proctor immediately.

• You may take short breaks (5-10 minutes) as needed
• You are not permitted to leave the building under any circumstance
• Food and beverages should be consumed during the exam
• Save your work often on the flash drive provided
• If any problems occur, notify the proctor immediately
• The examination is closed book and no notes or other aids including cell phone are allowed
• You will be given a blue book, pen, and pencil for writing notes
• Once the exam begins the computer browsers will be locked down
• You must sign and return the honor pledge provided

On the day of the exam arrive 5-10 minutes early to log into the computer and be ready to start promptly at 8:30 a.m. when the exam questions are distributed.

You will receive the exam questions, a flash drive, a blue book for notes and the honor pledge to sign and return to the proctor. Use the flash drive to save your work and give to the proctor at the end of the exam.

The examination consists of two parts.

Part 1 - questions will be on your MAJOR concentration.  Part 2 - questions will be on your MINOR concentration

On both days you must answer TWO out of five questions. The questions are written broadly, but your essays must remain explicitly responsive to what is asked; simply referencing texts is not sufficient. Time is ample and running out of time is not an option. Ending early is also not advised. The examination will conclude at 4:30 p.m. and all answers must be saved on the flash drive and turned in.

1. There will be five questions. You must answer two.  

2. The exam lasts a total of eight hours. Allocate your time accordingly and make sure that each question has a concluding section.  

3. Also make sure that you:

• answer the questions as they are raised and not as you wish they had been raised
• illustrate your answer with appropriate empirical examples
• cite relevant sources
• make proper references to important interpretative debates, when appropriate  

4. Your answers will be reviewed in terms of:

• how effectively you address each of the questions
• how well you know and manage your facts
• how soundly you handle and cite the literature
• how well you have developed and organized your argument
• the quality of your writing

5. Failure to pass the exam may include, but is not limited to, the following shortcomings:

• errors of fact
• misattribution of arguments in text and/or citation
• spurious citation of literature
• presentation of answer in bullet point format
• failure to develop coherent argument

Past Field Questions

American foreign policy.

• According to Henry Kissinger, "It is an illusion to believe that leaders gain in profundity while they gain experience.... The connections that leaders have formed before reaching high office are the intellectual capital they will consume" during their time in office. Explain and discuss this assessment, which Kissinger made after he had served as National Security Advisor and Secretary of State, with explicit references to two high level foreign policy practitioners during the two decades that followed the US intervention in World War II (1941-1961).
• "Our security, our vitality, and our ability to lead," recently observed Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, "must be based on a marriage of principle and pragmatism, not rigid ideology, on facts and evidence, not conviction or prejudice." Explain and discuss in the context of two high level foreign policy practitioners during the immediate postwar decade (1945-1965).
• Identify TWO crises, events, or issues that best characterize the latter part of the Cold War and its immediate aftermath (from January 1981 to January 2001). Do NOT describe any of these crises, events or issues at length but single out the features and patterns that best explain why these are so closely identified, in your judgment, with this initial post-Cold War period.
• Describe and discuss the evolution of U.S. policies toward any country (except the USSR/Russia) or region of your choice during a 6-year period of your choice, extended from January 1981 to January 2001. To introduce your answer, explain your choice of the period you wish to discuss. To conclude, explain the relevance of that region or country to current U.S. interests and policies.
• Whatever might be said about the events of September 11, 2001 and the wars that followed, their consequences have been epochal - meaning, system changing. After a quick review of these events, examine the conditions of what has been called a new "post-American world." What do you think of this emerging world: first, from the narrow perspective of U.S. interests, capabilities and purpose; but also, next, from the broader perspective of power and order during the coming decade? 2. "The United States," it has been noted, "never experienced what other nations experienced in achieving a position of world power. It moved within a very brief period from a position of isolation to one of global leadership, it has never been a mere nation among other nations." Explain and discuss the influence of the nation's distinctive past on the US role in the world in the twentieth century.

TRANSNATIONALISM AND INTERDEPENDENCE

• Great speculation exists on the extent to which the United States is in decline. Drawing on the central concepts and knowledge of the track, and on your broader study in the program, to what extent do you believe America is in decline? What factors could hasten or reverse this decline at the global level, insofar as you see it in play?
• To what extent, if any, is the world safer in the post-Cold War era? In what measure have transnational threats (terrorism, migration, energy interdependence, etc) replaced the threats inherent in the Cold War?
• Drawing on your coursework in this program, and especially on your courses in this track, to what extent do you think that the effects of anarchy can be tempered or lessened in world politics?
• Realists tend to assume that world politics is cyclical; and that the basic elements of world politics do not change much over time (such as power, balance of power politics, the centrality of states, and conflict). To what extent do you agree with this key realist assumption?
• To what extent, if at all, does interdependence decrease inter-state conflict in world politics?

INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY

• From World War II to the present, states have constructed regimes to manage some-but not all-aspects of the international economy. A once-strong regime to manage trade has weakened since the 1990s. Likewise, with the abandonment of dollar-gold convertibility in 1973, a robust regime to manage monetary relations collapsed. Conversely, states originally left finance unregulated but in 1988 created and progressively have strengthened rules to manage international banking. And in production, the proposed Multilateral Agreement on Investment collapsed in 1998 without ever securing necessary multilateral support. What explains these variations in institutions, both across issue areas and over the course of the last 65 years?
• The integration of gendered analyses of globalization has led to a substantive body of literature within the field of international studies. Imagine that an international studies department hires you to design and teach a graduate seminar on gender and globalization. What theoretical and empirical movements within the field would your seminar emphasize? How would you elucidate the central connections between gender and globalization? In your essay response, please explain how your choice of authors, themes and content provides an innovative approach to teaching graduate students about the complex interconnections between gender and global restructuring.
• After the May 2010 parliamentary elections in the United Kingdom, one observer wrote: The outcome in Britain underscores a problem roiling so many democracies. The economic change brought about by globalization and technological advances is not creating the happy, unified world of progress its promoters keep promising. Instead, it is splitting regions within nations that are fully part of the global market from those left behind. Does globalization foster or undermine democracy? Your answer should address at least one of the following dimensions of democracy: political behavior, democratic institutions, responsiveness, equality, and legitimacy. Please illustrate your argument using one democratic state of your choice.
• Numerous scholars argue that historical experiences condition a nation-state's contemporary political economy. That is, a state's past policies for economic development may profoundly affect its contemporary prospects for industrialization, the reduction of poverty, and the development of political institutions. To what degree are development and democratization path-dependent processes? Can states in the contemporary political economy escape the tyranny of their history? If so, how? If not, why not?
• Developing states face different economic, political and social challenges than do the wealthiest and most powerful states. Can international political economy offer us a coherent set of theoretical tools to explain such diverse problems in the global economy? Or must it rely upon ad-hoc, degenerative hypothesizing to accommodate such empirical challenges? To illustrate your theoretical argument, please compare at least one developing and one developed state.

CONFLICT AND COOPERATION

• For a region of your choice identify two instances of cooperation between states that advanced/improved the regional security environment. Explain your selections in detail. Choose your examples from the last decade.
• The spread of nuclear weapons is often cited as a major challenge to the international community. How might this threat best be countered? Your answer should critically review state policies and institutional responses.
• In an increasingly global security environment it is far from obvious how security should be organized. Reflecting on what you have learned, how would you conceptualize a 21st century security order? Why would you conceptualize it this way?
• To what extent does the transatlantic security community exist? Is it strong and if so, why? Is it weak and if so, why? What factors/developments are likely to determine its future?
• For a region of your choice, discuss two events or developments over the past decade that have significantly affected regional expectations about conflict and cooperation. In your answer, make sure to demonstrate familiarity with the scholarly literature and debates at the policy levels.
• Virtually absent from national policy agendas since the end of the Cold War, arms control is back. From a scholarly perspective and against the background of Cold War arms control, how do you evaluate the return of arms control, the emerging arms control agenda, and arms control's contribution to international peace and stability?
• How useful are policies of deterrence in a global security environment?
• From your understanding of the scholarly literature, single out two contributors whose work(s) you think have been critical in advancing the field of Security Studies. Carefully explain your choices.
• Critical theorists have issued a number of challenges to traditional understandings of peace and security. Identify three such challenges and discuss. Ultimately, do these challenges represent anomalies, in the Kuhnian sense, or are they the products of normal science?

COMPARATIVE AND REGIONAL STUDIES

• Both Rational-Choice and Political-Culture theories are prominent approaches in the field of comparative sociopolitical studies. What are the similarities and differences between these two approaches in terms of their intellectual geneses, theoretical assumptions, and major arguments (or hypotheses)? Discuss the major strengths and weaknesses of each approach.
• New Institutionalism is believed to have succeeded the so-called "Old" Institutionalism in comparative sociopolitical studies. Explain the intellectual genesis, theoretical assumptions and major arguments (or hypotheses) of the New Institutionalism. In what respects is the New Institutionalism similar to and different from the Old Institutionalism? Do you think that the New Institutionalism has helped advance comparative sociopolitical studies? Why or why not?
• Some analysts of comparative studies have advocated Statism, emphasizing the profound role of the state in shaping socioeconomic and sociopolitical developments in various countries. Explain theoretical assumptions and major arguments (or hypotheses) of Statism. Do you agree with Statism's arguments for the importance of the state (vs. society)? Why or why not?
• Social movement and revolution
• Democratization
• Social capital
• To study socioeconomic development in different regions or countries, scholars have developed two distinct approaches: Modernization Theory and Dependency Theory. Briefly explain these two approaches in terms of their fundamental assumptions and theoretical arguments. Which theory do you prefer when studying socioeconomic development in developing countries? Use evidence from any region(s) or country (countries) with which you are familiar to support your reference.

INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL STUDIES

• Explain the social construction of culture(s) and its significance to current political economic realities.
• Cite a case study of a post-colonial critique of nationalism. Explain the role of the imperial power and how that is legitimized or not.
• How is the concept of "nation" constructed in Modernity? How is this construction relevant to issues in international studies? Cite case studies where appropriate.
• Explain how cultural studies theories are important to the study and practice of international relations.
• Explain the importance of the media in the construction or reflection of the identity of immigrant, multicultural or diaspora communities.

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Top PhD Entrance Exams

• Updated on  
• Apr 25, 2023

Whether one belongs to Science , Commerce or Humanities field, a PhD can be pursued in an array of fields and specialised domains. Usually, students interested in academics sign up for a doctoral program to acquire the knowledge and skills required to excel in their respective areas of study. While study abroad PhD pathways exempt students from appearing in entrance exams to pursue their chosen course, universities in India have specified several tests as one of the prime requirements to apply for a doctoral degree. Thus, PhD entrance exams hold great importance for the students willing to take on this road. Read this article to know about the leading entrance exams for PhD and some helpful tips to ace them with flying colours! 

This Blog Includes:

Ph.d. admissions: quick updates, ph.d. specializations , ugc net exam, csir-ugc net exam, tifr gs exam, list of universities in india offering phd, how to apply for phd course in india, phd entrance exams for studying abroad, [bonus] pursuing phd abroad , phd scholarships for indian students in india & abroad, syllabus for phd entrance exams, job prospects after phd.

Must Read: All You Need to Know About PhD in Physics [2021]

Also Read: Part Time Ph.D.: Admissions & Best Ph.D. Programs

Before moving on to the top Ph.D. entrance exams, let’s first take a look at the plethora of specializations that fall under the domain of this degree. The following table elucidates some of the popular Ph.D. courses that are commonly pursued by graduates. 

• Police Administration
• Biotechnology
• Public Administration
• Renewable Energy
• Political Science
• Artificial Intelligence
• Mathematics
• Computer Science
• Electronics
• Physical Education
• Total Quality Management
• Cosmetology
• Rural Development
• Sustainable Development
• Women Studies
• Social Work
• Technology Policy
• Agriculture
• Sports Science
• Home Science
• Mass Communication
• Labour and Social Welfare
• Linguistics
• Management Studies
• Hospitality Management
• Library Science
• Nanotechnology
• Biochemistry
• Horticulture
• Bioinformatics
• Fashion Technology
• Business Administration
• Disaster Management
• Human Rights
• Entrepreneurship

List of Top PhD Entrance Exams

Whether you are opting for a PhD in IIT , IIM , or any other higher education institution in the country, there is generally a specified entrance exam that one needs to qualify. To help you understand some of these tests, below we have elaborated the top PhD entrance exams that you must know about:

• UGC Net Exam
• CSIR-UGC NET exam
• Joint Graduate Entrance Examination for Biology and Interdisciplinary Life Sciences (JGEEBILS)
• DBT JRF Biotech  Entrance Test
• TIFR Graduate School Admission Entrance Test
• ICMR JUNIOR RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS
• NIMHANS PG/PG Diploma/Superspeciality/PhD online entrance test
• JNU PhD Entrance
• NIPER PhD Entrance Exam
• University of Hyderabad PhD Entrance Exam
• GTU PhD Entrance Exam
• NBRC PhD Entrance Exam
• BITS PhD Entrance Examination
• AIIMS PhD Entrance Exam
• IISC PhD Entrance Exam
• NDRI PhD entrance exam
• Babasaheb Bhim Rao Ambedkar University Lucknow – PhD Admissions Test
• Guru Jambheshwar University GJUST – PhD Entrance Test
• BARC PhD Admission Test
• Combined Vidyavaridhi (PhD) Entrance Test – (CVVET)
• ISM Dhanbad PhD Admission Test 
• Indian Veterinary Research Institute Bareilly PhD Admission Test
• BINC Bioinformatics National Certification BINC  Examination
• RMAT Aligarh Muslim University R-MAT – PhD Entrance Exam
• Symbiosis PhD Entrance Exam
• Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi – PhD Admission Test
• Jamia Hamdard New Delhi PhD Admission Test
• Kurukshetra University PhD Entrance Exam
• PhD Entrance Exam of NMIMS University Mumbai
• DU PhD Entrance Exam
• IGNOU PhD Entrance Exam
• Pondicherry University Entrance Exam
• University of Pune PhD in Management Entrance Exam
• Symbiosis University Ph.D entrance examination

Must Read: How to get a Complete PhD Funding?

Many Indian universities ask candidates for their UGC NET scores in order to apply for PhD degrees. University Grant Commission (UGC) NET Exam is the national level exam, conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) twice a year (in the month of June and December). It is one of the major PhD entrance exams and aims to determine the eligibility of aspirants for the posts of Assistant Professor only or Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) or both.

The UGC NET syllabus table below shows the Exam Pattern of Paper 1 and Paper 2:

Another important mention in our list of PhD entrance exams is CSIR-UGC NET, i.e. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research University Grants Commission National Eligibility Test. Commonly referred to as CSIR NET, it is a national exam conducted by NTA twice a year (in the month of June and December) to choose candidates for awarding JRF and determining their eligibility for appointment of lecturers in Indian universities and colleges. Further, those wanting to apply for the fellowship need to register for a PhD course at a recognised institution while one needs to have attained a doctoral degree in order to apply for the lecturership through this exam. CSIR-UGC NET Exam is conducted for the following subjects:

• Chemical Sciences
• Earth, Atmospheric, Ocean and Planetary Sciences
• Life Sciences
• Mathematical Sciences
• Physical Sciences 

The question paper segments for this PhD entrance exam into 3 sections, i.e. Section A (considered common section and questions are related to General Aptitude, Graphical Analysis, Logical Reasoning , and Numerical ability), Section B (questions are for Engineering Sciences, questions from Mathematics and Engineering Aptitude included as well) and Section C (high stature questions which evaluate the candidate’s knowledge of scientific concepts and their application). 

Located in Mumbai, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) is a deemed university which offers various PhD and various integrated programmes. Featuring amongst the popular PhD entrance exams, the TIFR GS (Graduate School) test is organised for the institute’s offered postgraduate programs in several specialisations in Science. The integrated M.Sc-PhD course offered by TIFR includes an array of specialisations such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Mathematics as well as research-oriented programs in the field of Computer science, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Mathematics. 

TIFR GS Exam Pattern for Mathematics

TIFR GS exam pattern for Mathematics is divided into two parts. The total duration of the exam is 3 hours (1.5 hours each per section). Negative marking is there for each wrong answer in both sections.

TIFR GS Exam Pattern for Physics and Chemistry

TIFR GS exam pattern for Physics and Chemistry is not prescribed by TIFR. As per the availability of information from the official website, both subjects will contain MCQs which students need to complete in 3 hours. Negative Marking is there for each wrong answer in both subjects.

TIFR GS Exam Pattern for Computer and System Sciences

TIFR GS Exam pattern for Computer and System Sciences will contain MCQs and students have to complete the exam in 3 hours. The paper will be divided into 3 parts

Among these three sections, students have the choice of doing only one. Negative Marking is there.

Searching for PhD entrance exams? Don’t forget to check out PhD After MBA !

Know About the Commonwealth Scholarship- UG, PG, PhD

There are various universities in India where students can apply for a PhD and take PhD entrance exams. These institutes provide a variety of research degrees. Each university in India has a set number of seats available. Some of these universities make their selections based on PhD entrance exams, interviews, and research proposals.

• The PhD application process is offered in both online and offline formats in India.
• To apply to a university, applicants must obtain or download the application form and prospectus for their individual courses by writing to the institution or obtaining the same online from the university’s official website.
• For some universities, the PhD application forms must be delivered to the university’s official address before the deadline, together with the relevant documentation.
• When it comes to the fee structure for a PhD programme, the average or tentative course fee is between INR 20,000 and INR 90,000 every year (varies from course to course and university to university).

There are two main entrance exams that all candidates have to give in order to get admission to top universities in the world- IELTS and GRE. Here are some common requirements that PhD candidates have to fulfil in order to admission-

• Research Proposal
• English Language Tests like IELTS and TOEFL
• GRE- Graduate Record Exam

Other than the top PhD entrance exams, we have compiled a list of our major blogs on pursuing PhD abroad that you must check out:

•   Maulana Azad National fellowship  
• Prime Minister Fellowship for Doctoral Research
• Fulbright-Nehru Doctoral Research Fellowships
• Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund Scholarships
• Physical Research Laboratory Junior Research Fellowship
• Google PhD Scholarships
• ICHR Junior Research Fellowships (JRF)
• Raman-Charpak Fellowship
• MEXT Scholarship
• ICSSR Doctoral Research Fellowship

Know More About PhD Scholarships in UK for Indian Students

PhD is offered a wide range of courses from Engineering to Natural Sciences to Fine Arts. Most Indian and foreign entrance exams have two papers- one for General Studies and Research and the other is subject specific. The subject-specific papers can either be objective or subject in nature depending upon the exam and conducting authority. Here are the syllabus and topics covered in the general studies and research paper for all PhD entrance exam-

• General Knowledge
• Research Methodology
• English Comprehension
• Quantitative Aptitude
• Maths 
• Environmental Studies 
• Teaching Aptitude
• Communication Skills

Following the completion of a PhD, one should assess his or her potential and look for positions that match his or her specific talents and expertise. Following a PhD, candidates may pursue one of the following careers:

• Editor & Critic
• Human Services Worker
• Independent Consultant
• Philosophical Journalist
• Industrial R&D Lab professionals
• Senior Research Scientist
• Lecturer & Professor
• Author & Writer

The model PhD Entrance Test Pattern is divided into two parts: Part A comprises of study questions in numerical ability, language skills, and logical thinking. Part B consists of technical questions about the subjects.

Yes, you can pursue a PhD without having to pass the NET or JRF if you pass the written tests and interviews at the various institutions or institutes.

A small proportion of students earn their PhDs in two years, while a small percentage of outstanding students accomplish it in 12 months. It’s difficult to stress how unusual and impressive this is, but it’s always possible. The key to a fast-track PhD is to develop a solid academic CV before you begin.

No, there is no age limit for seeking a PhD in general.

In an official Notice from MHRD dated 27 August 2018, the applicants from SC/ST/OBC (Speaking from Non-Creamy layers)/University category shall be permitted to relax by a 5 percent mark (from 50 percent to 45 percent).

Two components are included in the PhD entrance test pattern: Part A: Research issues in numerical capacity, linguistic skills and logical thinking are generally addressed. Part B: Technical issues linked to disciplines are discussed.

No, it does not. Your 12th class is important if you wish to take UG entrance examinations, certain colleges require admission tests. Although admittance is based on class 12 iare your post graduationn several universities. The issues in your PhD admissions are your postgraduation. In the postgraduate period, the qualifying standards for Phd have been 50%.

Cracking any of the above-mentioned PhD entrance exams can turn out to be a difficult task for many. An alternative option to these tests is to apply for a doctoral degree abroad which can further provide you with international exposure into your chosen field of interest. Reach out to our Leverage Edu experts and we’ll help you in finding a suitable course and university as per your preferences and aspirations. Not only for this, but our head coaches will also assist you in drafting a perfect application that can get you successfully shortlisted. Follow us on Facebook , Instagram , and LinkedIn .

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Hi, Thanks for your feedback!

i want to know more about PhD after MBA. and I’m interested to Ph.D. in Human resource

Here are some articles that will help you navigate this field- https://leverageedu.com/blog/doing-a-phd-after-mba/ https://leverageedu.com/blog/courses-after-mba-in-human-resources/

Very Thankful for providing good Information.

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Thank you for such a amazing article. I want to do phd in chemistry. So please provide me more information about exam pattern and books. Once again thank you soo much.. looking forward to hear from you more about my concern.

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S&E from Campus to Career: Gavin Byrne - PhD by research in Heart Biomechanics at TU Delft

Tipperary native Gavin Byrne has just graduated from the integrated Masters in Biomedical Engineering at University of Limerick.

Now pursuing a 4 year PhD in heart biomechanics in TU Delft in the Netherlands, We caught up with Gavin to ask about the course, his time at UL, and any advice he might have for Leaving Certificate students.

Why did you choose to Study at University of Limerick?

I was born and raised in Clonmel in Co. Tipperary, surrounded by a dense network of industrial manufacturing companies ranging from all forms of pharmaceutical and engineering. This gave an incentive to engross myself in all things science and engineering and allowed me to become interested in technical problem solving and take on as many science subjects as possible in school. Following secondary school I identified UL as my university of choice due to its vast facilities that would satisfy my pursuit of problem solving while allowing the freedom to relax, explore, and try new things.

Why did you choose the integrated ME in Biomedical Engineering?

As a type 1 diabetic, I have always been enthralled with medical devices and how they help patients. With my keen interest in all things STEM, combined with my desire to create new and innovative ways to transform peoples’ lives, I decided to choose biomedical engineering.

What did you enjoy most about the course?

I was part of the first cohort to undertake the integrated ME in Biomedical Engineering. Due to this, in the later years of the 5 year course, we began to design biomedical devices and materials and showcase them in seminars both in the college and nationally. This gave a well rounded  experience as to the fine details of solving a biomedical engineering problem, solving the problems that the original solution created and repeating this to then identify the best method of presenting/selling this solution to a market – reflecting the in depth reality of biomedical engineering.

What did you enjoy about UL and what is student life like here?

UL is a great campus that has something for everyone. I was introduced to various alternate sports and activities that I still participate in. The student life is good in UL and allows a balance between social life and work.

Where did you complete your Cooperative Education Experience?

I completed my Cooperative Education Experience in Johnson & Johnson Medtech (then DePuy Synthes) in Ringaskiddy in Co. Cork.

How did UL support you throughout your studies?

UL was good in supporting me and provided additional assistance that allowed me to complete my studies with my diabetes.

Can you update us on your career, does it still hold relevance to what you would have studied in UL?

I am pursuing a 4 year PhD in TU Delft in the Netherlands. This career surrounds heart research and links directly with my studies in UL as it based on biomechanics and computational modelling, both topics that are vital parts of biomedical engineering in UL.

What advice would you give to Leaving Certificate students considering the next step in their career journey?

I would suggest that students identify the subjects they enjoyed in secondary school and search for careers and courses that these subjects are primary parts of. Students should research and filter these to identify a career path that combines topics they enjoy, and provides a good path to a job that is personally and financially satisfactory.

More information on the BE/ME in Biomedical Engineering can be found on the UL website .

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Postal Address:  Science & Engineering Faculty Office, Lonsdale Building, 1 st Floor, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland 

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Applying for a PhD. PhD applications work a little differently to Bachelors and Masters degrees. Here are the answers to common questions you may have about applying, from entry requirements and eligibility to deadlines and research proposals. For more detailed guides, see our PhD application section.

PhD students are typically required to complete a certain number of course credits and sit qualifying exams. Next, they can move on to conduct research and present it in the form of a dissertation. A PhD is centered around self-directed research and possibly teaching/running tutorials, but they typically also involve a substantial amount of ...

A PhD qualifying exam, a critical milestone in a doctoral student's journey, serves as an assessment of a student's comprehension of their chosen field and their ability to conduct high-level research. Passing this exam is a prerequisite for advancing to the next stage of their graduate program and commencing their dissertation research.

The first two years of a PhD program are mainly made up of classes and the beginning stages of research. Deborah Small, the doctoral coordinator for the Marketing program, said, "It starts with heavy duty coursework and a lot of specific requirements. At the end of your first year, there are qualifying exams on all the core marketing courses.

How the PhD Program Works. Completing your doctorate at Wharton requires 5 years of full-time study. The first 2 years in the program prepare you for admission to candidacy by taking courses, qualifying exams, and starting research projects. In the last few years, you are primarily conducting research full-time including writing and defending ...

The PhD qualifying exam varies by institution and discipline, but they all share something in common: they are among the most difficult tests you will ever take. A PhD qualifying exam is given after you completed your coursework. It is the final hurdle before you begin to work on your dissertation. Passing the PhD qualifying exam is your ticket ...

7 stages of the PhD journey. A PhD has a few landmark milestones along the way. The three to four year you'll spend doing a PhD can be divided into these seven stages. Preparing a research proposal. Carrying out a literature review. Conducting research and collecting results. Completing the MPhil to PhD upgrade.

Check out the full post I've written: Do PhD Students Have a Social Life? Sharing My Experiences Making Friends and Avoiding PhD Loneliness. If you do go on to do a PhD, make sure to make the most of all the opportunities! Your time as a PhD student is fantastic for personal growth. ... Working as a GTA you might be invigilating exams ...

Graduate entry tests are an important part of the admissions process for some PhD programmes. They help universities and graduate schools confirm that you have the advanced subject knowledge and / or critical thinking skills to tackle a doctorate. Common examples include the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and Graduate Management Admissions ...

The Qualifying Examination is an important checkpoint meant to show that you are on a promising research track toward the Ph.D. degree. It is a University examination, administered by the Graduate Council, with the specific purpose of demonstrating that "the student is clearly an expert in those areas of the discipline that have been specified for the examination, and that they can, in all ...

When you see PhD CANDIDATE think he/she is a CANDIDATE for a job in their field. Versus PhD student they are still a student learning their field of study. In Texas public University you are a candidate when you pass all of your doctoral exams. Usually at this point you have already completed all of your course work.

5. Embrace change - don't get bogged down in the details. Felix Shaw - one of our bioinformatics researchers at EI - put it best when he said, " it felt like I was running into brick walls all the way through [my PhD]… you'd run into a brick wall, surmount it, only to run straight into another. It's true.

The Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) is a standardized test meant for students who intend to apply to graduate programs. Both MA and PhD programs ask for GRE scores. Much like the SAT or ACT in college exams, the test is meant to be a standardized measure of academic preparation and logical skill. The test consists of six sections.

The main difference between a PhD student vs. candidate is that the student is still working through the coursework. They have not yet begun the dissertation process or passed the qualifying exams. A PhD student may also be in the process of taking the qualifying exams, but not yet finished with them. Many people believe that earning a doctoral ...

Those that do fail out of a program more often are at the abd qual phase than those who get to the defense phase. Nationally, of those who begin PhD programs, only ~55% actually earn their PhD. 100% pass rate but maybe 10% to 20% have to retake with significant revisions.

Virtually all doctoral programs require that students complete doctoral comps. The exam is the gateway to the dissertation. After passing the comprehensive exam a student can use the title "doctoral candidate," which is a label for students who have entered the dissertation phase of doctoral work, the final hurdle to the doctoral degree ...

3. Know What is Expected of You. Schedule a meeting with your committee members in advance, at least twice before appearing for your qualifying exam. Initiate a conversation about what you are expected to cover for the exam. Be an attentive listener and make note of their points as they speak.

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Student Guide: Ph.D. Comprehensive Examination. The comprehensive examination is a critical part of the GPIS PhD program. You should not view it simply as a bureaucratic hurdle to pass over on your way to the dissertation. Instead, before embarking on narrowly focused dissertation work, the comprehensive examination establishes that you have ...

There are two main entrance exams that all candidates have to give in order to get admission to top universities in the world- IELTS and GRE. Here are some common requirements that PhD candidates have to fulfil in order to admission-. Research Proposal. English Language Tests like IELTS and TOEFL.

Tipperary native Gavin Byrne has just graduated from the integrated Masters in Biomedical Engineering at University of Limerick. Now pursuing a 4 year PhD in heart biomechanics in TU Delft in the Netherlands, We caught up with Gavin to ask about the course, his time at UL, and any advice he might have for Leaving Certificate students.

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