thank you speech at the end of presentation

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Expressing Gratitude at the End of a Speech: Formal and Informal Ways

Concluding a speech with a heartfelt expression of gratitude is an essential way to acknowledge your audience’s time and attention. Whether you’re delivering a formal presentation or engaging in a more informal setting, saying thank you leaves a lasting impression of appreciation. In this guide, we’ll explore various ways to say thank you in different contexts, providing you with tips and examples along the way.

Table of Contents

Formal Expressions of Thanks

When delivering a formal speech, such as during a business conference or an academic event, it’s important to maintain a professional tone. Here are a few ways to express gratitude formally:

1. Thanking the Audience as a Whole

Addressing the audience collectively is a common practice in formal speeches. Here’s an example of how you can express your thanks:

Thank you all for being such an attentive and engaged audience. Your presence here today is greatly appreciated.

2. Expressing Appreciation to Specific Individuals

If there are particular individuals you would like to acknowledge, consider mentioning them by name. This personalized touch can demonstrate your sincerity. For instance:

I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Dr. John Smith for his invaluable guidance throughout this research. I am also indebted to my colleagues, Sarah and Michael, for their unwavering support and collaboration.

Informal Ways to Say Thank You

Informal speeches, such as toasts or informal gatherings, offer a more relaxed atmosphere. Here are a few ways to express your gratitude informally:

1. Keep It Simple and Sincere

When speaking in a casual setting, simplicity and sincerity can go a long way. Consider using straightforward language to express your appreciation:

Thank you, everyone! Your presence here means a lot to me, and I am truly grateful for your support.

2. Inject Humor or Personal Anecdotes

Injecting humor or sharing personal anecdotes can create a warm and memorable moment. Tailor your expression of thanks to the specific audience and occasion. Here’s an example:

Oh, before I conclude, let me share a funny story. Last week, when I was rehearsing this speech, my dog decided to join me on stage. Thankfully, you’re a far better audience than my mischievous pup. Thank you all for being here tonight!

Combining Formality and Warmth

Expressing gratitude can be a balancing act, particularly in instances where you want to maintain professionalism while also conveying warmth and appreciation. Here are some suggestions:

1. Blend Personal Touches with the Bigger Picture

Integrate personal anecdotes into a broader message of gratitude to create a heartfelt but still formal conclusion:

As I stand here, reminiscing about the journey we’ve embarked on together, I cannot help but think of the countless individuals who have shaped and guided me. This room is filled with such remarkable souls, and I am truly grateful for every one of you. Thank you for being an integral part of my growth.

2. Express Hope for a Lasting Connection

Show gratitude while expressing a desire for ongoing connections and future collaborations:

In closing, I extend my sincere thanks to each and every one of you for gracing this occasion with your presence. I hope that our paths will continue to cross, and that together we can achieve even greater heights. Thank you for being a part of this incredible journey.

Tips for Delivering Your Thank-You Message

As you approach the end of your speech, remember these tips to effectively convey your gratitude:

• Eye Contact: Maintain eye contact with your audience while expressing your thanks, as it demonstrates sincerity.
• Tone of Voice: Modulate your voice to convey your appreciation authentically.
• Body Language: Use open and welcoming body language, such as smiling and open palms, to enhance your message.
• Timing: Place your expression of gratitude towards the end of your speech, allowing it to leave a lasting impression.

Saying thank you at the end of a speech is a powerful gesture that leaves a positive impact on your audience. Whether you choose a formal or informal approach, ensure your expression of gratitude reflects the tone and context of your speech. Remember to maintain an authentic and warm tone, and consider tailoring your words to resonate with the specific audience, creating a lasting connection based on appreciation.

Related Guides:

• How to Say Thank You for a Money Tip: A Guide on Expressing Gratitude
• Tips for Expressing Gratitude for Excellent Customer Service
• Thank You for Your Birthday Wishes: Guide for Expressing Gratitude
• Expressing Gratitude: How to Say Thank You for Your Support and Guidance
• Expressing Gratitude: How to Say Thank You to Someone Who Congratulates You
• Tips for Expressing Gratitude: Quotes and Phrases to Thank Everyone
• How to Say Thanks to Your Boyfriend: A Guide to Expressing Gratitude
• How to Say Thanks to Your Partner: A Guide to Expressing Gratitude

About The Author

Meredith Alisha

30 Examples: How to Conclude a Presentation (Effective Closing Techniques)

By Status.net Editorial Team on March 4, 2024 — 9 minutes to read

Ending a presentation on a high note is a skill that can set you apart from the rest. It’s the final chance to leave an impact on your audience, ensuring they walk away with the key messages embedded in their minds. This moment is about driving your points home and making sure they resonate. Crafting a memorable closing isn’t just about summarizing key points, though that’s part of it, but also about providing value that sticks with your listeners long after they’ve left the room.

Crafting Your Core Message

To leave a lasting impression, your presentation’s conclusion should clearly reflect your core message. This is your chance to reinforce the takeaways and leave the audience thinking about your presentation long after it ends.

Identifying Key Points

Start by recognizing what you want your audience to remember. Think about the main ideas that shaped your talk. Make a list like this:

• The problem your presentation addresses.
• The evidence that supports your argument.
• The solution you propose or the action you want the audience to take.

These key points become the pillars of your core message.

Contextualizing the Presentation

Provide context by briefly relating back to the content of the whole presentation. For example:

• Reference a statistic you shared in the opening, and how it ties into the conclusion.
• Mention a case study that underlines the importance of your message.

Connecting these elements gives your message cohesion and makes your conclusion resonate with the framework of your presentation.

30 Example Phrases: How to Conclude a Presentation

• 1. “In summary, let’s revisit the key takeaways from today’s presentation.”
• 2. “Thank you for your attention. Let’s move forward together.”
• 3. “That brings us to the end. I’m open to any questions you may have.”
• 4. “I’ll leave you with this final thought to ponder as we conclude.”
• 5. “Let’s recap the main points before we wrap up.”
• 6. “I appreciate your engagement. Now, let’s turn these ideas into action.”
• 7. “We’ve covered a lot today. To conclude, remember these crucial points.”
• 8. “As we reach the end, I’d like to emphasize our call to action.”
• 9. “Before we close, let’s quickly review what we’ve learned.”
• 10. “Thank you for joining me on this journey. I look forward to our next steps.”
• 11. “In closing, I’d like to thank everyone for their participation.”
• 12. “Let’s conclude with a reminder of the impact we can make together.”
• 13. “To wrap up our session, here’s a brief summary of our discussion.”
• 14. “I’m grateful for the opportunity to present to you. Any final thoughts?”
• 15. “And that’s a wrap. I welcome any final questions or comments.”
• 16. “As we conclude, let’s remember the objectives we’ve set today.”
• 17. “Thank you for your time. Let’s apply these insights to achieve success.”
• 18. “In conclusion, your feedback is valuable, and I’m here to listen.”
• 19. “Before we part, let’s take a moment to reflect on our key messages.”
• 20. “I’ll end with an invitation for all of us to take the next step.”
• 21. “As we close, let’s commit to the goals we’ve outlined today.”
• 22. “Thank you for your attention. Let’s keep the conversation going.”
• 23. “In conclusion, let’s make a difference, starting now.”
• 24. “I’ll leave you with these final words to consider as we end our time together.”
• 25. “Before we conclude, remember that change starts with our actions today.”
• 26. “Thank you for the lively discussion. Let’s continue to build on these ideas.”
• 27. “As we wrap up, I encourage you to reach out with any further questions.”
• 28. “In closing, I’d like to express my gratitude for your valuable input.”
• 29. “Let’s conclude on a high note and take these learnings forward.”
• 30. “Thank you for your time today. Let’s end with a commitment to progress.”

Summarizing the Main Points

When you reach the end of your presentation, summarizing the main points helps your audience retain the important information you’ve shared. Crafting a memorable summary enables your listeners to walk away with a clear understanding of your message.

Effective Methods of Summarization

To effectively summarize your presentation, you need to distill complex information into concise, digestible pieces. Start by revisiting the overarching theme of your talk and then narrow down to the core messages. Use plain language and imagery to make the enduring ideas stick. Here are some examples of how to do this:

• Use analogies that relate to common experiences to recap complex concepts.
• Incorporate visuals or gestures that reinforce your main arguments.

The Rule of Three

The Rule of Three is a classic writing and communication principle. It means presenting ideas in a trio, which is a pattern that’s easy for people to understand and remember. For instance, you might say, “Our plan will save time, cut costs, and improve quality.” This structure has a pleasing rhythm and makes the content more memorable. Some examples include:

• “This software is fast, user-friendly, and secure.”
• Pointing out a product’s “durability, affordability, and eco-friendliness.”

Reiterating the Main Points

Finally, you want to circle back to the key takeaways of your presentation. Rephrase your main points without introducing new information. This reinforcement supports your audience’s memory and understanding of the material. You might summarize key takeaways like this:

• Mention the problem you addressed, the solution you propose, and the benefits of this solution.
• Highlighting the outcomes of adopting your strategy: higher efficiency, greater satisfaction, and increased revenue.

Creating a Strong Conclusion

The final moments of your presentation are your chance to leave your audience with a powerful lasting impression. A strong conclusion is more than just summarizing—it’s your opportunity to invoke thought, inspire action, and make your message memorable.

Incorporating a Call to Action

A call to action is your parting request to your audience. You want to inspire them to take a specific action or think differently as a result of what they’ve heard. To do this effectively:

• Be clear about what you’re asking.
• Explain why their action is needed.
• Make it as simple as possible for them to take the next steps.

Example Phrases:

• “Start making a difference today by…”
• “Join us in this effort by…”
• “Take the leap and commit to…”

Leaving a Lasting Impression

End your presentation with something memorable. This can be a powerful quote, an inspirational statement, or a compelling story that underscores your main points. The goal here is to resonate with your audience on an emotional level so that your message sticks with them long after they leave.

• “In the words of [Influential Person], ‘…'”
• “Imagine a world where…”
• “This is more than just [Topic]; it’s about…”

Enhancing Audience Engagement

To hold your audience’s attention and ensure they leave with a lasting impression of your presentation, fostering interaction is key.

Q&A Sessions

It’s important to integrate a Q&A session because it allows for direct communication between you and your audience. This interactive segment helps clarify any uncertainties and encourages active participation. Plan for this by designating a time slot towards the end of your presentation and invite questions that promote discussion.

• “I’d love to hear your thoughts; what questions do you have?”
• “Let’s dive into any questions you might have. Who would like to start?”
• “Feel free to ask any questions, whether they’re clarifications or deeper inquiries about the topic.”

Encouraging Audience Participation

Getting your audience involved can transform a good presentation into a great one. Use open-ended questions that provoke thought and allow audience members to reflect on how your content relates to them. Additionally, inviting volunteers to participate in a demonstration or share their experiences keeps everyone engaged and adds a personal touch to your talk.

• “Could someone give me an example of how you’ve encountered this in your work?”
• “I’d appreciate a volunteer to help demonstrate this concept. Who’s interested?”
• “How do you see this information impacting your daily tasks? Let’s discuss!”

Delivering a Persuasive Ending

At the end of your presentation, you have the power to leave a lasting impact on your audience. A persuasive ending can drive home your key message and encourage action.

Sales and Persuasion Tactics

When you’re concluding a presentation with the goal of selling a product or idea, employ carefully chosen sales and persuasion tactics. One method is to summarize the key benefits of your offering, reminding your audience why it’s important to act. For example, if you’ve just presented a new software tool, recap how it will save time and increase productivity. Another tactic is the ‘call to action’, which should be clear and direct, such as “Start your free trial today to experience the benefits first-hand!” Furthermore, using a touch of urgency, like “Offer expires soon!”, can nudge your audience to act promptly.

Final Impressions and Professionalism

Your closing statement is a chance to solidify your professional image and leave a positive impression. It’s important to display confidence and poise. Consider thanking your audience for their time and offering to answer any questions. Make sure to end on a high note by summarizing your message in a concise and memorable way. If your topic was on renewable energy, you might conclude by saying, “Let’s take a leap towards a greener future by adopting these solutions today.” This reinforces your main points and encourages your listeners to think or act differently when they leave.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some creative strategies for ending a presentation memorably.

To end your presentation in a memorable way, consider incorporating a call to action that engages your audience to take the next step. Another strategy is to finish with a thought-provoking question or a surprising fact that resonates with your listeners.

Can you suggest some powerful quotes suitable for concluding a presentation?

Yes, using a quote can be very effective. For example, Maya Angelou’s “People will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel,” can reinforce the emotional impact of your presentation.

What is an effective way to write a conclusion that summarizes a presentation?

An effective conclusion should recap the main points succinctly, highlighting what you want your audience to remember. A good way to conclude is by restating your thesis and then briefly summarizing the supporting points you made.

As a student, how can I leave a strong impression with my presentation’s closing remarks?

To leave a strong impression, consider sharing a personal anecdote related to your topic that demonstrates passion and conviction. This helps humanize your content and makes the message more relatable to your audience.

How can I appropriately thank my audience at the close of my presentation?

A simple and sincere expression of gratitude is always appropriate. You might say, “Thank you for your attention and engagement today,” to convey appreciation while also acknowledging their participation.

What are some examples of a compelling closing sentence in a presentation?

A compelling closing sentence could be something like, “Together, let’s take the leap towards a greener future,” if you’re presenting on sustainability. This sentence is impactful, calls for united action, and leaves your audience with a clear message.

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7 Brilliant Ways to End Any Presentation: When to Use a Presentation Thank You Address

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Published Date : December 4, 2020

Reading Time :

As important as an introduction is to a Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech presentation, the end of your presentation is what you leave your audience with.  Giving a proper presentation thank you address is a helpful public speaking skill .

When is it appropriate to simply say “thank you” and close your presentation?

In what moments does a presentation require more from you? 

How do you tell your audience to thank you for watching my presentation if you made a visual presentation?

What is the importance of saying thank you to your audience for listening?

We intend to answer all these questions in this article, and we hope you read the whole page to understand the complete concept of the presentation. Thank you. 

How Should I End a Presentation? Different Ways of Ending a Speech Or a Presentation

As a Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech expert who has attended many presentations and orations, I can tell that each presenter concludes their Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech in different ways. Most speakers will showcase presentation thank you images as a visual aid at the end of a PowerPoint, while others give a summary. 

Irrespective of the speaker’s methods, here are seven ways to end a presentation or speech .

1. Closing with a Summary

 Summarizing key points of your Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech when concluding an oration is an age-old method of finishing your address. It is a technique speakers and writers use to close and ensure their audience remembers their main point.

Using a summary for closure is common with lectures and the traditional presentation thank-you addresses.

2. Closing with the Power of Three

The Power of Three uses a pattern of three words, phrases, or more to emphasize a point and make it more memorable. A typical phrase Julius Caesar uses is “I came, I saw, I conquered.”

3. Closing with Metaphors

Metaphors are a figure of Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech that compares two entities figuratively and makes it seem like they are the same. In basic English Language, the definition of metaphors indicates a form of comparison without using comparative words (for example, like and as).

It is ideal for Motivational speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:374">A <strong>motivational speech</strong> aims to inspire, encourage, and energize an audience. It ignites their passion, sparks action, and instills a sense of belief in themselves and their ability to achieve their goals. It is a powerful tool used in <strong>professional speaking</strong> to boost morale, drive performance, and foster a positive and collaborative environment.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:17"><strong>Key Elements:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-12:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:145"><strong>Compelling vision:</strong> Articulate a clear and inspiring vision for the future, outlining goals and aspirations that resonate with the audience.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:140"><strong>Empathy and understanding:</strong> Acknowledge challenges and obstacles, demonstrating empathy and connection with the audience's experiences.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-9:134"><strong>Empowering message:</strong> Focus on empowering the audience, emphasizing their strengths, potential, and ability to overcome obstacles.</li> <li data-sourcepos="10:1-10:170"><strong>Storytelling and anecdotes:</strong> Integrate relatable stories, personal experiences, or inspiring examples to illustrate points and connect with the audience emotionally.</li> <li data-sourcepos="11:1-12:0"><strong>Call to action:</strong> Provide a clear and actionable call to action, motivating the audience to take specific steps towards achieving their goals.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="13:1-13:38"><strong>Benefits of Motivational Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="15:1-20:0"> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:116"><strong>Boosts morale and motivation:</strong> Inspires individuals to strive for their full potential and overcome challenges.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-16:142"><strong>Promotes teamwork and collaboration:</strong> Fosters a shared purpose and encourages individuals to work together towards common goals.</li> <li data-sourcepos="17:1-17:118"><strong>Enhances confidence and self-belief:</strong> Empowers individuals to believe in themselves and their ability to succeed.</li> <li data-sourcepos="18:1-18:121"><strong>Increases creativity and innovation:</strong> Inspires individuals to think outside the box and pursue innovative solutions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="19:1-20:0"><strong>Drives positive change:</strong> Motivates individuals to take action and contribute to positive change in their personal and professional lives.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="21:1-21:46"><strong>Developing a Powerful Motivational Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="23:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="23:1-23:96"><strong>Define your purpose:</strong> Identify the desired outcome you want your speech to achieve.</li> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:119"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Understand their motivations, challenges, and aspirations to tailor your message effectively.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:134"><strong>Focus on storytelling:</strong> Use compelling stories and anecdotes to illustrate your points and connect with the audience emotionally.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:170"><strong>Practice and rehearse:</strong> Hone your delivery to refine timing, vocal variety, and stage presence. Consider using <strong>public speaking tips</strong> to enhance your presentation.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Deliver with passion and authenticity:</strong> Inject your enthusiasm and genuine belief in your message to inspire the audience.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:20"><strong>Additional Tips:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:123"><strong>Use humor strategically:</strong> Use humor appropriately to lighten the mood and connect with the audience on a deeper level.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:121"><strong>Embrace your personality:</strong> Let your unique personality shine through to create a genuine and captivating connection.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:121"><strong>End with a memorable closing:</strong> Leave the audience with a powerful quote, inspiring call to action, or lasting image.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Seek </strong>feedback from trusted colleagues or advisors to refine your speech and delivery.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:371"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="36:1-36:371">A well-crafted and delivered <strong>motivational speech</strong> can be a transformative experience for both the speaker and the audience. By understanding the key elements, focusing on your audience, and honing your <strong>professional speaking</strong> skills, you can deliver speeches that ignite passion, inspire action, and empower individuals to achieve their full potential.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/motivational-speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">motivational speech presentations and graduation speeches . This type of closing works perfectly if you use an analogy, anecdote, or reference to the comparative subject during your presentation.

4. Using Facts to Recreate Engagement

Some of the most memorable Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech presentations end with things that regain the audience’s attention. If you search Google, you will find facts related to your discussion and share them to surprise your audience.

5. Using an Illustration or Image

Similar to metaphors, you can finish with stories or use an illustration to close. This method is quite common because many orators can use it to start and end their speeches.

Visual aids are essential to help drive your point across when you present, and you can also use them to close effectively.

6. Closing with a Quote or a Short Sentence

If you can condense your summary to a less wordy, short sentence, it tends to leave a longer-lasting impression on your listeners. It is essential to ensure that the short message conveys your authenticity and the importance of your message.

Using a quote is a timeless way to conclude any type of Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech or presentation. However, it is essential to have a quote relevant to your address; if not, you can make a quote out of a point you made while presenting.

7. Making a Provocative Closing

Closing provocatively uses calls to action to move your audience toward a particular goal. An example of this type of conclusion is usually observed with preachers, activists, and advertisers.

Many preachers make altar calls at the end of their sermons, and activists usually end with a wake-up call to move the audience to action.

What is the Best Way to End a PowerPoint Presentation?

PowerPoint presentations take a lot of time and can take an audience almost no time to forget. Figuring out how to make a strong closing will help give your audience something to remember. 

The way you close each ppt depends on the nature of your discussion. 

Closing a Persuasive PPT

Your thank you note for the presentation after a persuasive PowerPoint should win the members of your audience over. To convince them ultimately, you can include:

• A call-to-action
• Verified facts

Closing an Informative PPT

Informative PPTs share data, so the ideal closure for them is a presentation thank-you images that show:

• A summary of all the ideas you shared
• A conclusive concept map
• Bulleted key points
• A recap of the objectives of the presentation

Closing an Introductory PPT

The general concept of introductory Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech presentations is to:

If you give an initial pitch, the best presentation thank you images will give your audience a proper means to contact you or follow up on your next program. 

Note: When concluding any PowerPoint, your thank you for watching my presentation slide will naturally need to follow the same pattern as the entire PPT. It is also helpful if you are creative with the presentation. Thank you.

The General Importance of Saying Thank You

Saying thank you means expressing gratitude for an action completed or a gift. In any setting, your ability to express gratitude, irrespective of whether or not you deserved the service you got, goes a long way.  

Some advantages of expressing gratitude include:

What is the importance of presenting thank you images?

As a part of the audience, after listening to a speaker talk all day, especially when you can leave but stay, a minute presentation thank you would suffice.

It’s no secret that some presenters do not say thank you after their Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech , so what do you gain by thanking your audience?

• It helps you reinforce already established values. 
• Strengthens speaker-audience relationships. 
• Serves as a foundation for trust.
• Stimulates conversation by question and answer strategies.
• It makes you unique in numerous places.

How to Say Thank You at the End of Your Presentation: Simple Tips and Tricks

Saying thank you is not only about expressing gratitude. Often, saying thank you is a business strategy, and presenting thank you images must  prove their worth for your business.

Some simple pointers to remember are:

• Remain professional
• Avoid grammatical errors as much as possible.
• Try not to seem salesy; instead, be polite.
• Employ perfect timing

Using the Right Voice Tone

Every type of presentation setting demands a specific tone type. You will need to adjust your tone to avoid being misunderstood.

Personalize It and Try to Maintain Relevance

It is rather rude to use a copy-and-paste post-presentation thank you message. Instead, it’s best to make a unique, personalized thank-you note that is audience-specific.

Additionally, it’s best to remain within the subject matter for the conclusion by sharing relevant information.

Ask Questions and Answer Previous Ones

If you have any questions before the presentation, it is best to answer them now. If you used an “any questions slide,” you can also answer questions from there.

When your time starts finishing, and you cannot answer any more questions, try to provide contact details or follow up with their concerns.

Practice the perfect end to your presentation with Orai

When to Use and When to Avoid a Thank You Presentation Slide

Using tact is a vital tool when facing Public Speaking <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Public speaking refers to any live presentation or speech. It can cover a variety of topics on various fields and careers (you can find out more about public speaking careers here: https://orai.com/blog/public-speaking-careers/.  Public speaking can inform, entertain, or educate an audience and sometimes has visual aids.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --><br /><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Public speaking is done live, so the speakers need to consider certain factors to deliver a successful speech. No matter how good the speech is, if the audience doesn't connect with the speaker, then it may fall flat. Therefore, speakers have to use a lot more nonverbal communication techniques to deliver their message. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --><br /><!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Tips for public speaking</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --><br /><!-- wp:list --> <ul> <li>Have a sense of humor.</li> <li>Tell personal stories that relate to the speech you're giving.</li> <li>Dress appropriately for the event. Formal and business casual outfits work best.</li> <li>Project a confident and expressive voice.</li> <li>Always try to use simple language that everyone can understand.</li> <li>Stick to the time given to you.</li> <li>Maintain eye contact with members of your audience and try to connect with them.</li> </ul> <!-- /wp:list --> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/public-speaking/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">public speaking opportunities. Knowing when it is okay to share a thank you presentation slide and when it isn’t necessary is essential.

Some of the times when saying thank you for listening to my presentation is appropriate and essential are:

• When you have an audience that shows up voluntarily, it is essential to express gratitude.
• If you are expressing gratitude to your team for putting in hard work
• If your audience needed to travel to attend your presentation

On the other hand, there are some situations when presentation thank you images are either inappropriate or unnecessary:

• If you plan to answer questions after your presentation or host an interactive session, presentation thank you images will prompt your audience to leave the meeting.
• If your presentation has terrible news, a presentation thank you will be insensitive and inappropriate.
• When you need to assign a task or follow up on anything, it’s better to end with that than a thank you slide.

Potential Alternatives to a Presentation Thank You Image

Ending with a simple presentation, thank you, is often seen as a weak presentation. It is usually best to complete your presentation creatively or using a call-to-action. 

So, in what ways can you effectively end your Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech using visual aids without needing to use presentation thank you images?

Using a “One More Thing” Slide

This type of presentation thank you option introduces (for lack of a better term) the final bomb or the hidden gem. For example, if you were introducing a new product, your one more thing slide would probably show an unexpected benefit of purchasing the product to woo your audience.

This type of slide is inappropriate for every presentation, so you will have to consider the nature of your audience when inputting this idea.

A Slide that Continues the Conversation

This type of ending could feature a form of presentation thank you that continues the discussion. It may be a bunch of arguments that gear your audience’s communication with each other or with you.

Ideally, you will need to provide them with contact information so they can communicate with you after you finish. If you are searching for new prospects for partnership or employment, this is the best slide to include such details.

Closing with “Any Questions?”

This type of closing is the most common aside from the mainstream presentation thank you images. As I stated earlier, it isn’t appropriate to include a presentation thank you if you hope to continue any discussion. 

Asking for questions boosts audience engagement and serves as a memory aid so they remember your presentation. However, it isn’t uncommon to have no one asking you questions while you present. 

If you want to avoid the awkwardness of an unanswered no-questions slide, here are some things you can try:

• Asking the first question yourself is an icebreaker.; your inquiry has the potential to open room for more questions
• Ask a friend in the audience to break the ice with the first question.
• Asking your audience to prepare for questions in advance by providing them with the necessary materials
• Distributing pre-presenting writing material to the audience to motivate them to write down questions they might have had during your Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech so that you can answer them effectively.

Practice your presentations with Orai. Get feedback on your tone, tempo, Confidence <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:305">In the context of <strong>public speaking</strong>, <strong>confidence</strong> refers to the belief in one's ability to communicate effectively and deliver one's message with clarity and impact. It encompasses various elements, including self-belief, composure, and the ability to manage one's <strong>fear of public speaking</strong>.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:16"><strong>Key Aspects:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-12:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:108"><strong>Self-belief:</strong> A strong conviction in your knowledge, skills, and ability to connect with your audience.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:95"><strong>Composure:</strong> Maintaining calmness and poise under pressure, even in challenging situations.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-9:100"><strong>Assertiveness:</strong> Expressing your ideas clearly and concisely, avoiding hesitation or self-doubt.</li> <li data-sourcepos="10:1-10:104"><strong>Positive self-talk:</strong> Countering negative thoughts with affirmations and focusing on your strengths.</li> <li data-sourcepos="11:1-12:0"><strong>Strong body language:</strong> Using gestures, posture, and eye contact that project confidence and professionalism.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="13:1-13:27"><strong>Benefits of Confidence:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="15:1-19:0"> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:99"><strong>Reduced anxiety:</strong> Feeling confident helps manage <strong>fear of public speaking</strong> and stage fright.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-16:133"><strong>Engaging delivery:</strong> Confident speakers project their voices, hold eye contact, and connect with their audience more effectively.</li> <li data-sourcepos="17:1-17:137"><strong>Increased persuasiveness:</strong> A confident presentation inspires belief and motivates your audience to listen and remember your message.</li> <li data-sourcepos="18:1-19:0"><strong>Greater impact:</strong> Confidently delivered speeches leave a lasting impression and achieve desired outcomes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="20:1-20:15"><strong>Challenges:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="22:1-26:0"> <li data-sourcepos="22:1-22:112">Overcoming <strong>fear of public speaking</strong>: Many people experience some level of anxiety when speaking publicly.</li> <li data-sourcepos="23:1-23:101"><strong>Imposter syndrome:</strong> Doubting your abilities and qualifications, even when objectively qualified.</li> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:92"><strong>Negative self-talk:</strong> Internalized criticism and limiting beliefs can hamper confidence.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-26:0"><strong>Past negative experiences:</strong> Unsuccessful presentations or negative feedback can erode confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="27:1-27:24"><strong>Building Confidence:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="29:1-36:0"> <li data-sourcepos="29:1-29:102"><strong>Practice and preparation:</strong> Thoroughly rehearse your speech to feel comfortable with the material.</li> <li data-sourcepos="30:1-30:101"><strong>Visualization:</strong> Imagine yourself delivering a successful presentation with confidence and poise.</li> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:100"><strong>Positive self-talk:</strong> Actively replace negative thoughts with affirmations about your abilities.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:106"><strong>Seek feedback:</strong> Ask trusted individuals for constructive criticism and use it to improve your skills.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:157">Consider a <strong>speaking coach</strong>: Working with a coach can provide personalized guidance and support to address specific challenges and confidence barriers.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-34:114"><strong>Start small:</strong> Gradually increase the size and complexity of your speaking engagements as you gain experience.</li> <li data-sourcepos="35:1-36:0"><strong>Focus on progress:</strong> Celebrate small successes and acknowledge your improvement over time.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="37:1-37:282"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="37:1-37:282"><strong>Confidence</strong> in public speaking is a journey, not a destination. By actively practicing, embracing feedback, and focusing on your strengths, you can overcome <strong>fear of public speaking</strong> and develop the <strong>confidence</strong> to deliver impactful and memorable presentations.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/confidence/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">confidence , and consciousness to help you get your presentation on point.

Thank You Letters: Taking it A Step Further

Numerous presentations, especially business idea pitching, hardly lead to immediate sales. In such a case, ending with a presentation, thank you, and contact information isn’t enough. 

You will need to take it further by sending a thank you letter so they can remind you, mostly if they have already forgotten. So, how do you follow up on a potential client or previous sponsor with a presentation? Thank you.

Elements of a Good Thank You Letter

When writing an excellent thank you letter, you must consider elements to ensure that your recipient reads it and carries out the appropriate action. 

You do not require a soothsayer to tell you that people do not read every letter. So, how do you beat the odds and make your message worthwhile? Here are some elements you can include to that effect.

A Strong Subject Line

If you can remember the times you intentionally opened spam mail, I am sure it had something to do with the subject. Most companies treat letters like this as spam and have no reason to read them.

However, if you can create a subject line that clearly states your intentions, you have a better chance of having your mail read.

Clearly Expressed Gratitude

Start the letter by expressing gratitude for attending your presentation and giving you time. You can also include other factors in your message that you need to express gratitude for.

A Summary of Your Presentation 

They aren’t likely to have any reason to remember all the points you made during your presentation. Now is the perfect time to remind them and highlight the issues you presented they could have missed. 

It’s best to use bullet points to give them room for skim reading. Additionally, if you have reached an agreement, you should include it in the letter for Clarity <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:269">In <strong>public speaking</strong>, <strong>clarity</strong> refers to the quality of your message being readily understood and interpreted by your audience. It encompasses both the content and delivery of your speech, ensuring your message resonates and leaves a lasting impact.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:16"><strong>Key Aspects:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-13:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:133"><strong>Conciseness:</strong> Avoid unnecessary details, digressions, or excessive complexity. Focus on delivering the core message efficiently.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:149"><strong>Simple language:</strong> Choose words and phrases your audience understands readily, avoiding jargon or technical terms unless you define them clearly.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-9:145"><strong>Logical structure:</strong> Organize your thoughts and ideas logically, using transitions and signposts to guide your audience through your message.</li> <li data-sourcepos="10:1-10:136"><strong>Effective visuals:</strong> If using visuals, ensure they are clear, contribute to your message, and don't distract from your spoken words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="11:1-11:144"><strong>Confident delivery:</strong> Speak clearly and articulately, avoiding mumbling or rushing your words. Maintain good eye contact with your audience.</li> <li data-sourcepos="12:1-13:0"><strong>Active voice:</strong> Emphasize active voice for better flow and avoid passive constructions that can be less engaging.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="14:1-14:24"><strong>Benefits of Clarity:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="16:1-20:0"> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-16:123"><strong>Enhanced audience engagement:</strong> A clear message keeps your audience interested and helps them grasp your points easily.</li> <li data-sourcepos="17:1-17:123"><strong>Increased credibility:</strong> Clear communication projects professionalism and expertise, building trust with your audience.</li> <li data-sourcepos="18:1-18:111"><strong>Improved persuasiveness:</strong> A well-understood message is more likely to resonate and win over your audience.</li> <li data-sourcepos="19:1-20:0"><strong>Reduced confusion:</strong> Eliminating ambiguity minimizes misinterpretations and ensures your message arrives as intended.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="21:1-21:15"><strong>Challenges:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="23:1-27:0"> <li data-sourcepos="23:1-23:129"><strong>Condensing complex information:</strong> Simplifying complex topics without sacrificing crucial details requires skill and practice.</li> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:128"><strong>Understanding your audience:</strong> Tailoring your language and structure to resonate with a diverse audience can be challenging.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:85"><strong>Managing nerves:</strong> Nerves can impact your delivery, making it unclear or rushed.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-27:0"><strong>Avoiding jargon:</strong> Breaking technical habits and simplifying language requires constant awareness.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="28:1-28:22"><strong>Improving Clarity:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="30:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="30:1-30:117"><strong>Practice and rehearse:</strong> The more you rehearse your speech, the more natural and clear your delivery will become.</li> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:107"><strong>Seek feedback:</strong> Share your draft speech with others and ask for feedback on clarity and comprehension.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:161"><strong>Consider a public speaking coach:</strong> A coach can provide personalized guidance on structuring your message, simplifying language, and improving your delivery.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:128"><strong>Join a public speaking group:</strong> Practicing in a supportive environment can help you gain confidence and refine your clarity.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Listen to effective speakers:</strong> Analyze how clear and impactful others achieve communication.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:250"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="36:1-36:250"><strong>Clarity</strong> is a cornerstone of impactful <strong>public speaking</strong>. By honing your message, focusing on delivery, and actively seeking feedback, you can ensure your audience receives your message clearly and leaves a lasting impression.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/clarity/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">clarity .

Answers to Prior Questions 

If they had questions you could not answer while presenting, now is the perfect time to answer them. It is a gesture that shows potential clients that you care about their concerns.

Additionally, you can encourage more questions to keep the conversation going.

A Professional Closing Note

Most people have customized closing remarks that they send with each mail that usually have the following characteristics in small icons:

• Your name and position in the company
• The company’s name (and logo, if possible)
• The company’s website URL

Practice with Orai and become an expert

Final Tips For Thank You Letters and Speeches 

Irrespective of how you decide to make your presentation thank you slide, these six tips will help you:

• Include a call to action for your audience.
• Try not to end with questions.
• Refer to the opening message.
• Use anecdotes to summarize.
• Incorporate the rule of three where you can.
• Avoid leaving your audience confused about whether or not your presentation is over.

Examples of Presentation Thank You Letter

Subject line: A follow-up on (topic or product)

Hi (insert name)

Express gratitude: I am grateful you took the time to attend today’s program. (Include gratitude for any other sacrifice they made.

Here is a quick recap (___) 

Concerning your questions on ___, here is an attachment with detailed answers. Feel free to ask further questions.

We look forward to hearing from you.

Kind regard,

Business Signature

How should you make a clear call to action to the audience at the end of a presentation?

A powerful presentation ends with a clear, direct call to action. Don’t hope your message inspires action – explicitly tell your audience what you want them to do, why it matters, and its impact. Make it specific, compelling, and relevant, using examples or statistics to drive home the importance. Leave them knowing exactly what steps to take next and the benefits or consequences involved, maximizing your chances of a positive response.

When is it beneficial to ask a rhetorical question at the end of a talk?

Want your talk to linger? End with a powerful rhetorical question! It sparks reflection, reinforces key points, and piques curiosity, leaving your audience captivated long after the presentation ends. Use it to challenge, inspire, and make your message truly unforgettable.

How can you utilize a cartoon or animation to conclude your presentation effectively?

Utilizing a cartoon or animation to conclude your presentation effectively involves integrating visuals that complement your message. Consider incorporating a relevant cartoon that conveys a metaphor or key idea of your presentation. Using humor in the cartoon can also help engage your audience and make your message more memorable. By ending on a visual note, you can leave a lasting impression and reinforce the main points you want your audience to remember.

How should you end a presentation without a “Questions?” slide?

To wrap up a presentation without a designated “Questions?” slide, it is beneficial to encourage audience interaction throughout the presentation by allowing questions to be asked at any point. This ensures that the questions and answers are directly related to the content being discussed. However, if questions are to be fielded at the end of the presentation, a powerful technique is to conclude with a striking image that reinforces and encapsulates the central message or theme addressed during the talk. This visual aid should be a memorable takeaway for the audience, leaving a lasting impression that harmonizes with the presentation’s content. Utilizing this method, you can successfully conclude your presentation on a strong note without needing a specific “Questions?” slide.

Why is it recommended to use a summary slide instead of a “Thank You” slide at the end of a presentation?

Skip the “Questions?” slide! Encourage real-time engagement throughout, then end with a powerful image that resonates with your message. It’ll be a memorable takeaway; no dedicated question slide is needed!

How can quotes and interesting anecdotes be effectively integrated into the conclusion of a speech?

Spice up your Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech conclusion: ditch the tired quotes and choose fresh voices relevant to your audience and topic. Share authentic anecdotes that resonate personally, and weave them seamlessly with your reflections for deeper impact. Memorable endings leave audiences thinking long after your final words.

When used as a closing statement, what impact can a short, memorable sentence or sound bite have on the audience?

Short and sweet: Ditch lengthy closings! Craft a concise, magnetic sentence that captures your message. In today’s attention-deficit world, it’ll linger long after your Speech <p data-sourcepos="3:1-3:271">A form of communication involving spoken language, it is used to express ideas, share information, tell stories, persuade, or entertain. Public speaking is a powerful tool used in diverse contexts, ranging from casual conversations to formal presentations.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="5:1-5:27"><strong>Components of a Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="7:1-10:0"> <li data-sourcepos="7:1-7:73"><strong>Content:</strong> The information, message, or story conveyed through words.</li> <li data-sourcepos="8:1-8:106"><strong>Delivery:</strong> The vocal and physical presentation, including clarity, volume, gestures, and eye contact.</li> <li data-sourcepos="9:1-10:0"><strong>Structure:</strong> The organization of the content, typically following an introduction, body, and conclusion.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="11:1-11:21"><strong>Speech in Action:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="13:1-17:0"> <li data-sourcepos="13:1-13:88"><strong>Informing:</strong> Sharing knowledge and facts, educating an audience on a specific topic.</li> <li data-sourcepos="14:1-14:119"><strong>Persuading:</strong> Advocating for a particular viewpoint, using arguments and evidence to influence thoughts or actions.</li> <li data-sourcepos="15:1-15:93"><strong>Motivating:</strong> Inspiring and energizing an audience, fostering action and positive change.</li> <li data-sourcepos="16:1-17:0"><strong>Entertaining:</strong> Engaging and delighting an audience through humor, storytelling, or creative language.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="18:1-18:32"><strong>Public Speaking and Anxiety:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="20:1-20:227">Many people experience <strong>public speaking anxiety</strong>, a fear of speaking in front of an audience. While it's common, effective preparation, practice, and breathing techniques can significantly reduce anxiety and improve delivery.</p><br /><h2 data-sourcepos="22:1-22:32"><strong>Different Types of Speeches:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="24:1-28:0"> <li data-sourcepos="24:1-24:81"><strong>Informative speech:</strong> Focuses on conveying information clearly and concisely.</li> <li data-sourcepos="25:1-25:102"><strong>Persuasive speech:</strong> Aims to convince the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.</li> <li data-sourcepos="26:1-26:99"><strong>Motivational speech:</strong> Inspires and energizes the audience, building enthusiasm and commitment.</li> <li data-sourcepos="27:1-28:0"><strong>Entertaining speech:</strong> Aim to amuse and delight the audience, often using humor, storytelling, or anecdotes.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="29:1-29:33"><strong>Crafting a Compelling Speech:</strong></h2> <ul data-sourcepos="31:1-35:0"> <li data-sourcepos="31:1-31:106"><strong>Know your audience:</strong> Tailor your content and delivery to their interests, needs, and prior knowledge.</li> <li data-sourcepos="32:1-32:107"><strong>Have a clear message:</strong> Identify the main point you want to convey and structure your speech around it.</li> <li data-sourcepos="33:1-33:111"><strong>Engage your audience:</strong> Use varied vocal techniques, storytelling, and visual aids to keep them interested.</li> <li data-sourcepos="34:1-35:0"><strong>Practice, practice, practice:</strong> Rehearse your speech out loud to refine your delivery and build confidence.</li> </ul> <h2 data-sourcepos="36:1-36:13"><strong>Remember:</strong></h2> <p data-sourcepos="38:1-38:281">Speech is a powerful tool for communication, connection, and influence. By understanding its elements, addressing potential anxieties, and tailoring your delivery to different contexts, you can harness the power of speech to achieve your intended goals and captivate your audience.</p> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/speech/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">speech , leaving a powerful impression and resonating with your audience. Remember, short and impactful embodies your voice and drive home your key points. Boom!

In what situations is it appropriate to acknowledge individuals or companies at the end of a presentation?

Say thanks! Publicly acknowledging collaborators, data sources, and presentation helpers in research, information use, and preparation scenarios shows respect, professionalism, and gratitude. Use both verbal mentions and presentation software credits for maximum impact. Remember, a little appreciation goes a long way!

How can visual aids, such as a running clock or images, be employed to emphasize key points during the conclusion of a speech?

End with a bang! Use visuals like a ticking clock to build urgency or powerful images to solidify your message. Leave them on display for reflection, letting the visuals do the final talking and ensuring your key points leave a lasting impression.

How can surprising facts be used to re-engage the audience’s attention at the end of a presentation?

Surprise them! When attention fades, drop a shocking fact with stats. Use online resources to find fresh info, keeping sources handy for Q&A. It’ll re-energize them, offering new insights and solidifying your credibility. Boom!

What role can storytelling play in concluding a presentation and engaging the audience?

Storytime! Wrap up with a short, impactful story – personal or relevant to your topic. Think customer experience or a case study with heart. Make it relatable, spark empathy, and tie it back to your key points. Boom – a memorable, engaging ending that sticks!

How can I make my presentation memorable using the “power of three” communication method?

Rule of three! Organize your conclusion in trios: points, examples, and stories. Brains love patterns and threes stick! Memorable, impactful, and resonating – that’s your ending goal. Keep it simple, repeat key points, and leave them with a lasting impression.

How can I effectively end a presentation or speech to leave a lasting impression on the audience?

Nail your ending! Use the power of three: storytelling, surprising facts, or visuals to grab attention. Acknowledge others, craft a short & memorable closing, summarize key points, repeat key messages, and end with energy to inspire action. Leave a lasting impression, not a fade-out!

How can you ensure that your audience understands when your presentation has concluded?

End strong! Rule of three for impact, clear closing cue (no guessing!), confident “thank you,” and wait for applause. No fidgeting, no weak exits. Leave them wanting more, not wondering if it’s over!

Final Notes: Saying Thank You is a Vital Life Skill

As far as life goes, saying thank you properly is essential. Even if you are giving a paid lecture or presentation, thank you notes give your audience a sense of importance for participating in your work process. 

An asset every public speaker has after overcoming the fear of Public Speaking <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Public speaking refers to any live presentation or speech. It can cover a variety of topics on various fields and careers (you can find out more about public speaking careers here: https://orai.com/blog/public-speaking-careers/.  Public speaking can inform, entertain, or educate an audience and sometimes has visual aids.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --><br /><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Public speaking is done live, so the speakers need to consider certain factors to deliver a successful speech. No matter how good the speech is, if the audience doesn't connect with the speaker, then it may fall flat. Therefore, speakers have to use a lot more nonverbal communication techniques to deliver their message. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --><br /><!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Tips for public speaking</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --><br /><!-- wp:list --> <ul> <li>Have a sense of humor.</li> <li>Tell personal stories that relate to the speech you're giving.</li> <li>Dress appropriately for the event. Formal and business casual outfits work best.</li> <li>Project a confident and expressive voice.</li> <li>Always try to use simple language that everyone can understand.</li> <li>Stick to the time given to you.</li> <li>Maintain eye contact with members of your audience and try to connect with them.</li> </ul> <!-- /wp:list --> " href="https://orai.com/glossary/public-speaking/" data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]" tabindex="0" role="link">public speaking is their ability to express gratitude to their audience for the time they spent listening.

I hope you remember to say thank you creatively!

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6 Ways to Close Your Presentation With Style (& Tools to Use)

Written by: Ashish Arora

Picture this: You've just delivered an amazing presentation that had your audience hooked from the start. The excitement in the room is glaring as you reach the final moments of your presentations.

Now, it's time to close with a bang and leave a lasting impression.

The way you conclude your presentation holds immense power. That’s the defining moment that cements your message in the minds of your audience.

So how do you wrap up your presentation in a memorable way and leave your audience feeling inspired? That’s why we created this article to teach you how to end a presentation.

In this article, we're going to explore six awesome ways to close your presentation with style. These techniques will help you leave a lasting impact and make your audience go "Wow!"

Get ready to level up your presentation skills and charm your audience with these proven closing techniques.

Table of Contents

6 ways to close your presentation with style, tools to help you create a presentation, key phrases to end a presentation.

• How to Start a Presentation
• Top Presentation Mistakes to Avoid
• How you end your presentation can make all the difference in solidifying your message and leaving your audience with a sense of purpose.
• Level up your presentation skills and charm your audience with these proven closing techniques: include a strong call-to-action (CTA), don't end with a question and answer slide; conclude with a memorable quote, tell a story, summarize your main points and thank the audience.
• Here are some ways you can start your presentation on a strong note: make a bold claim, give them the unexpected, pique curiosity, ask questions and tell a story.
• Avoid these top presentation mistakes: lack of adequate presentation, being robotic, avoiding eye contact, starting and ending weak.
• Visme, Prezi, Slidebean and Google Slides are four stand-out tools you can use to create stunning and effective presentations.
• Visme’s presentation software offers a wide range of templates and extensive features to help you create next-level presentations.

There’s no question that grabbing your audience’s attention at the very beginning of your presentation is important. But how you end it can make all the difference in your presentation’s overall impact.

Here are some ways to ensure you end powerfully:

• Way #1: Include a Strong Call-to-Action (CTA)
• Way #2: Don't End With a Q&A
• Way #3: End With a Memorable Quote
• Way #4: Close With a Story
• Way #5: Drive Your Main Points Home
• Way #6: Thank and Acknowledge

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1. Include a Strong Call-to-Action (CTA)

If you’re a business owner, the primary purpose of your presentation is to inspire the audience to action. Don’t assume they will take it, move them to it.

Use powerful words that are definitive and instructional. Calls-to-action like “Begin the journey” or “Join the fight” are to-the-point and let the audience know what to do.

Create a stunning presentation in less time

• Hundreds of premade slides available
• Add animation and interactivity to your slides
• Choose from various presentation options

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2. Don’t End with a Q&A

You’ve just spent 20-30 minutes wowing your audience and now you’re going to let your presentation fizzle out with a Q&A? Beyond the fact that you are never in full control of what questions you will be asked, Q&As are just not memorable.

So how do you end a presentation with a bang? It is better to take questions throughout the presentation. This way the questions asked are relevant to the particular information being shared and you can ensure your audience is keeping up with you.

If you have been forced to structure your presentation so that questions are taken at the end, make sure to allow yourself a minute or two after the Q&A. Use this time to close the presentation with your final takeaways and messages of inspiration.

3. End with a Memorable Quote

Sometimes, if you can’t find the perfect words to end with, use someone else’s words.

“Life is 10% what happens to me and 90% of how I react to it.”  –Charles Swindoll

“Life is what happens to you while you’re busy making other plans.” –John Lennon

“Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life.” –Steve Jobs

These are pretty powerful words, no? Use quotes like these when you wrap up your presentation, or add them in your final slide to leave a strong impression.

4. Close with a Story

If opening with a compelling story works, there’s a very good chance that closing with one will as well. While a story at the beginning was an effective lead-in to your message, a story at the end can creatively sum up the information you have shared.

A word of caution: don’t end with a case study . Many business owners do this. Case studies are great for the middle of your presentation. But for the conclusion, you want a meaningful story that affects your audience emotionally and causes them to remember your message for a long, long time.

5. Drive Your Main Points Home

Your audience will appreciate some form of summation at the end that will act as a linear representation of what they’ve just heard.  There is a simple summary formula that many professional speakers use in the ending slide:

• Tell them what you are going to tell them.
• Then, tell them what you told them.

You can simply say something like, “Before I leave you with my final thoughts about XYZ, let me briefly restate my main takeaways…” Don’t just list your key points but show the audience how each links to the other points.

Giving a successful presentation takes a lot of work and commitment. By creating a powerful opening and closing, you will ensure that your message is not only fully received but impactful as well.

6.  Thank and Acknowledge

If you're finding it hard to signal to your audience that your presentation has ended and it's time to applaud, thanking them can be a great way to do so. Including an end slide or thank you slide can make things easier.

At the end of your presentation, you can also acknowledge any companies or people who helped you put together your presentation, such as a website you used as a data source.

Now that you know how to end a presentation effectively, let's find out how you can create one that speaks for itself.

A well-designed slide deck can not only help you better convey your message, but it can also make you feel more confident about your presentation.

Here are four tools you can use to create stunning and effective presentations.

Visme is a robust visual content creation tool and presentation software that transforms how users create and deliver captivating presentations. With a wide range of customizable templates, an extensive asset library and an intuitive drag-and-drop editor, you can level up your presentation and captivate your audience like never before.

Here are some of the standard features of Visme's presentation software.

• Generate a set of branded templates tailored to your brand using Visme's AI-powered brand design tool .
• Easily record projects and presentations for your audience to view on their own time and pace with Visme Presenter studio .
• Create beautiful data visualizations , charts , graphs , and infographics that will effectively communicate your information.
• Transform boring presentation slides into enriching experiences that keep your audience engaged with interactive features using pop ups, hover effects, slide transitions, interactive charts, maps, quizzes and videos.
•  Generate high-quality content,  proofread or create an outline for your presentation using Visme's AI text generator .
• Take your presentation to a whole new level with our comprehensive library of royalty-free images, icons, illustrations, graphics, and pre-designed content blocks.
• Unleash your creativity with the help of Visme’s AI image generator . All you need to do is input your prompt and you can generate unique photos, paintings, pencil drawings, 3D graphics, icons, abstract art, and more.
• Drive seamless collaboration with Visme's collaborative features make teamwork a breeze. You can collaborate with colleagues and clients in real-time, leave comments, and make edits together, ensuring a smooth and efficient workflow. Say goodbye to email attachments and enjoy seamless collaboration all in one place.
• When you’re sold on your final presentation design , you can download it in multiple formats, including PPTX, PDF, PDF or as a shareable link . You can present directly from Visme, embed your presentation on websites, or download it for offline use.

If you're racing against the clock, use Visme's AI presentation maker to create stunning presentations in seconds. Just explain what you want to create, provide more context, select your preferred designs and watch the tool unleash its magic.

Get started with our Starter plan and enjoy full access to templates and assets. Or upgrade to a Pro plan to access team collaboration and brand management features. Our Visme for Teams plans offer enterprise-level features like custom sub-domains, team collaboration, custom integrations and more.

The master of non-linear presentations, Prezi, lets you create slide decks that are bound to stand out from others.

While the learning curve of Prezi can be steep for some people, it's worth it if you're looking to get creative with your presentations.

3. Slidebean

If the most important thing to you when making a presentation is saving time, Slidebean might be a great fit.

The best thing about this tool is it uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help you create stunning layouts for your content.

Slidebean is ideal if you're not looking for extensive customizability, just ease of use and time-saving features like templates and content blocks.

4. Google Slides

Sometimes, the most basic tools are enough for creating a great presentation, especially if the industry you're operating in requires simplicity and seriousness.

The best part about Google Slides is that you can use it from anywhere and from any device. For example, you can create your entire presentation on your phone using the mobile application.

Presentations made in Google Slides can also be opened with Microsoft PowerPoint and Keynote, which makes it quite a versatile tool.

if you're wondering how to close your presentation, here are some key phrases you can use:

Appreciate your listeners

• Thank you for your time and attention.
• I appreciate your presence here today.
• Thank you for being such an engaged audience.

Express gratitude for the opportunity

• I'm grateful for the chance to share...
• I want to express my gratitude to...
• Thank you once again for the opportunity.

Summarize the main points

• In summary...
• To sum up...
• In conclusion...

Use a call to action

• I encourage each of you to...
• Let's work together to...
• Take the next step by...

Inspire or motivate your audience

• Remember that...
• As we move forward, let's keep in mind...
• Let this be a reminder that..."

Leave your closing thoughts

• In closing...
• As a final thought...
• To wrap things up...

Encourage your audience to ask questions or share their thoughts

• I'm now open to any questions you may have.
• I'd love to hear your thoughts on...
• Feel free to reach out if you have any further questions.

Reiterate the main points

• Just to recap...
• To reiterate the key points...
• In essence, we covered...

Use closing quotes

• To quote [relevant figure]...
• In the words of [author]...
• As [famous person] once said...

Express optimism about the future

• Looking ahead...
• The future holds great opportunities for...
• I'm excited about the possibilities that lie ahead.

Remember, these fun ways to end a presentation aren't one-size-fits-all. You need to tailor these phrases to fit the specific context and tone of your presentation.

Bonus 1: How to Start a Presentation

Now you know how to conclude a presentation. We’ve also discussed ​​what to say at the end of a presentation.

Let’s discuss how to begin a presentation.

According to bestselling author, Malcolm Gladwell, in  Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking , "Snap judgments are ... enormously quick: they rely on the thinnest slices of experience."

In other words: first impressions are real, and they happen really quickly. Think about those presentations you have sat in the audience for.

How quickly did you sum a presenter up when they took the stage? Did you judge them on their posture? What they were wearing? How they addressed the audience? What their voice sounded like?

Most likely, you took all of these factors into account and quickly decided whether you were going to give them your full attention or think about what you should make for dinner.

As a presenter, you must understand that your audience members will make a snap decision about you within the first few moments after taking that stage. Your job at the very beginning of your presentation is to grab their attention.

Here are some ways you can start your presentation strong.

1. Make a Bold Claim

Imagine being in the audience when a presenter opens his mouth and the first words out are, “When I’ve finished here today, you will have the knowledge to increase your revenue by 200% this year.” Um… would you sit forward in your chair and listen to every single word? You bet you would!

You have been asked to speak because you are an expert in your field and have valuable information to share. So why be shy about it? Start your presentation with a bold claim, and then overdeliver.

2. Give Them the Unexpected

Another powerful way to grab attention right up top is to contradict audience expectations. Some people refer to this as "applied unpredictability principle."

Giving people what they expect is not very exciting. Imagine a roller coaster that had no sudden drops or turns. It wouldn’t thrill you. Well the same can be said for presentations. The unexpected hooks the audience instantly.

Here’s an example. Pamela Meyer, author of Liespotting , starts off her presentation by scanning the audience and then saying, “Okay, I don’t want to alarm anybody in this room, but it’s just come to my attention that the person to your right is a liar! Also the person to your left is a liar.”

Well, the audience laughs, getting her intended joke, but you can tell that this unexpected statement has hooked them, and they are ready to give their full attention.

3. Pique Curiosity

Humans like to have their curiosity piqued. We love the feeling of being presented with information that makes us curious and wonder about something.  Research actually shows that curiosity prepares our brain to learn something new. How does it do this?

Well, when we are curious about something, we give that something our full attention. We look for clues and assess situations. This is how we operate and it’s how our ancestors stayed alive.

If you want to grab the audience’s attention right off the bat, ask a question or pose an idea that piques their curiosity. You’ll see many Ted Talk presenters do this by “confessing” they have to share a secret or an apology.

Speaker Dan Pink does this in his famous  T e d Talk  when he says:

“I need to make a confession, at the outset here. A little over 20 years ago, I did something that I regret. Something that I am not particularly proud of. Something that in many ways I wished no one would ever know, but that here I feel kind of obliged to reveal. In the late 1980s, in a moment of youthful indiscretion, I went to law school.”

The minute someone says they have something to confess, we HAVE to know what it is, and so we are forced to pay attention.

RELATED: 29 Killer Presentation Tips to Wow Your Audience

4. Ask Questions

This technique is an oldie but a goodie. By posing a thoughtful question to your audience, their brain is forced to THINK about the answer. You have engaged them from second one. The key is to make the question one that cannot be answered with a simple yes or no, but rather one that plants the seed of an idea.

“What scares you the most?”

“How do human beings constantly reach goals we all believe can never be reached?”

“When was the last time you allowed yourself to feel powerful?”

5. Tell a Story

“When I was nine, I met a homeless man who said he could see my entire future. He told me that when I turned 12, I would die. And I did.”

Okay, I am FULLY listening.

Stories are powerful. The human brain seems to have been wired to listen to stories. No matter how old we get, when someone starts to tell us a story, we instantly become 5-years-old, wide-eyed, ready to go on an adventure.

The story you tell can be personal or professional, just make sure it ties into your overall message.

Bonus 2: Top Presentation Mistakes to Avoid

If we’re going to discuss a presentation success formula, we’ve got to first tackle some of the biggest public speaking mistakes that guarantee your presentation is unsuccessful. Are you guilty of any of these?

1. Not Being Prepared

We’ve all seen those presenters who make it look so effortless. Steve Jobs was like that. He seemed to glide onto the stage, open his mouth and instantly captivate everyone.

But the truth is, even Steve Jobs had to prepare.

Thoughtful preparation is essential for any level of public speaking. Doing the work ahead of time will not only help you feel and sound more confident, it will ensure you deliver the right message to the right audience.

2. Being Robotic

Beyond being comfortable with your material, you must be comfortable in your own body. Have you seen presenters who just stand in one spot and barely move at all? While they’re not very good at exciting their audience, they do have a keen knack for lulling listeners to sleep.

Granted, there may be those rare situations where, because of a lack of robust technology, you have no choice but to stand behind a podium. But even then, be sure to use gestures to punctuate your message. Gestures communicate on a level that words don’t. Don’t be flamboyant but try and use natural gestures as much as you can – you’ll seem human instead of machine-like.

And, when technology does allow you free movement, by all means, move around that stage. Steve Jobs was great at using movement purposefully during his presentations.

If you have a presentation coming up and want to avoid sounding robotic, this video explains 8 ways to memorize your presentation.

3. Avoiding Eye Contact

We can’t talk about body language and not mention one of the biggest mistakes that many speakers make, and that is avoiding eye contact. How many presentations have you seen where the speaker spent the entire time staring at her notes or PowerPoint presentation? How did you feel? Perhaps invisible?

Meeting a person’s gaze establishes a real connection and keeps listeners engaged. If your audience is small enough, try to make eye contact with everyone at least once. If the audience is too large, do your best to scan each section of the audience, landing on a few people. This will give everyone a general impression that you are doing your best to connect.

4. Starting and Ending Weak

If there is one no-no a presenter can make, this is it.

You should think of your presentation as a delicious meal you have painstakingly prepared for your guests. What do you remember most about a great meal? If you’re like most people, you remember the appetizers and the dessert – everything in between is kind of a good-tasting blur.

When you begin and end your presentation strong, you gain the audience’s attention quickly and leave a positive and lasting impression. These are two skills that cannot be emphasized enough.

Let’s look at some of the ways you can ensure you start your presentation strong:

Ready to Level-Up Your Presentation?

Whether it's a business presentation or a motivational speech, knowing how to give a closing statement and ending your talk on a high note is important.

The last thing you say in front of a crowd can help you leave a memorable impression, whether it's a recap of your presentation content or a rhetorical question.

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About the Author

Ashish Arora is the Co-Founder of SketchBubble.com , a leading provider of result-driven, professionally built presentation templates. Travelling the world to gather new creative ideas, he has been working in the digital marketing space since 2007 and has a passion for designing presentations. You can also find him on  Twitter or  LinkedIn .

8 Ways To Say “Thank You” After a Presentation

Hrideep barot.

• Presentation , Speech Writing

As crucial as the beginning of a speech presentation is, the conclusion of your speech is what you leave your audience with. This may appear to be a straightforward task because, after all, you could just say thank you at the conclusion of your presentation, right? Both yes and no. Yes, since practically every presentation can be concluded by saying thank you and going away. No, because it is not unique and you should aim to make your thank you note a memorable element of your presentation. Here are 5 ways to make that “thank you” as memorable as possible.

Why is a good thank you important?

According to research , people are more likely to recall the beginning and finish of anything than the activities that occurred in between.

As a result, the beginning and finish of your presentation are critical since those are the areas that the majority of people will remember the most. A sincere thank you leaves a lasting effect on the audience, and it is a sentiment they carry with them.

8 Ways to say “Thank You”

1. appreciate the audience.

This is the simplest way of saying thanks. In this form of giving thanks, the speaker thanks the audience for giving him the time of the day, and for being attentive. An example of this would be, “Thank you for being here today, I really appreciate that you took the time to be here and listen to my presentation”. It can also be something short and sincere, like a “Thank you very much!”

When concluding an oration, an age-old approach of finishing your presentation is to summarise major aspects of your speech. It’s a closing tactic used by presenters and authors to guarantee their audience recalls their primary message.

With lectures and conventional presentation thank you speeches, including a summary for closure is fairly typical. That’s because, no matter how wonderful your presentation was, you’ll have to remind your audience of what you talked about.

A satisfactory thanks can be produced by reiterating a topic or significant concept from the introduction. The speaker may appear to be coming full circle to the audience, signalling the end of the discussion.

3. Call-To-Action

A call to action is a brief, straightforward remark intended to elicit an instant reaction from the listener. It is a great way to finish a presentation. A CTA should state clearly what you require of your audience, as well as why you’re providing the presentation in the first place.

Your CTA doesn’t have to be difficult to understand. It might even be as basic as asking your followers to like your social media pages. Alternatively, you may ask them to join your email list.

Alternatively, as can be seen in this Leonardo Di Caprio speech, a call to action can also be a wake up call asking the crowd to do something about the topic.

A quotation is commonly used as a presentation ender to leave the audience with a memorable ending. There are two methods to use quotes. In the first type, the speaker can use a quote that has already been spoken by someone else. A quote that is pertinent to the presentation will increase the audience’s understanding of the issue. We can see an example of this in the speech given by Dr Meenakshi Chaudhary.

The other way to use quotes is to make your own. It is to say something confidently, indicating that this is not merely the finish of the speech, but also a memorable piece of dialogue. At the conclusion of his address, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered the famous phrase “Free At Last!”

5. Rule of Three

The Rule of Three is a fantastic public speaking method that you can learn, practise, and adjust to any circumstance rapidly. The Rule of Three is a fundamental notion that argues that giving your audience three thoughts in a row is more engaging, pleasant, and remembered. Information given in a group of three sticks with us longer than information given in other groups.

To learn how to unlock the full potential of this incredibly powerful tool, read up on our article about it here .

6. Emotional

A thank you that appeals to emotion is as memorable as it gets. Emotions might range from humour to wholesomeness, or they can be a moment of realisation. In this speech by Sam Berns, in which he discusses how to live a happy life, he expresses his gratitude by bringing a lighthearted twist and a heartfelt conclusion to an otherwise serious presentation.

In another example, Obama appeals to the crowd with feelings of hope and change. He promises betterment and says thanks by leaving them with an optimistic memory. 

7. A Trust-Builder

This is a niche way of ending a presentation, usually used only by professionals or companies who wish to express their clientage. If you have said something which makes people question you or your presentation in any way, you can end your speech or presentation with a reminder of who you are, or how valid your presentation content is.

8. Question

Giving the audience a thought-provoking question at the conclusion of your presentation is a fantastic method to ensure that they remember it for a long time. Ensure the question is relevant to the circumstance at hand, and your audience will think about the replies after hearing them. 

Important Tips to Remember While saying Thank You.

• Remain professional : Just because the presentation is ending, it doesn’t allow the presenter to go back to a casual form. Stay professional and use the same language you have in the rest of the presentation.
• Perfectly time it : Timing is critical to a thank you. The thank-you shouldn’t go on for too long, and it shouldn’t be small enough to be something the audience can miss. 
• Be polite: Doesn’t really need a lot of explaining. By keeping the ending polite we eliminate the possibility of offending anyone, and we win over the majority of the crowd.
• Don’t make grammatical errors : The last thing you want is to confuse your audience. Saying thank you should be something simple, memorable, and grammatically correct. Mistakes at the end will be remembered more than the content since it is at the end of the presentation.
• Personalise : Using a copy and paste thank you message after a presentation is pretty lazy. Instead, construct a one-of-a-kind, personalised thank you card that is tailored to the recipient.
• Stay on Topic: Make sure you remember and stay on topic. Don’t end on a tangent, come back to the core message. 

How to say Thank You in a Powerpoint Presentation

Typically, presenters do not give their ‘Thank you’ slides any attention. A ‘Thank You’ slide does not have to mark the conclusion of your presentation; it might represent a summary or the beginning of a commercial partnership.

• Summary : You may quickly summarise the things you mentioned during the presentation on your ‘Thank you’ page. This is considerably more likely to assist your audience to remember your message than a simple ‘Thank you.’
• Build Trust : Making a duplicate of your business card on the screen is an easy approach to stay in your audience’s memory even after the presentation is over. If you’re giving a corporate presentation, your Thank You slide might simply be a large logo of your corporation with your contact information next to it.
• CTA : Instead of a dull ‘Thank you,’ have the ‘Next steps’ or ‘How to order’ slide as your final slide. If your presentation was strong, this slide will generally prompt lots of new useful questions that will assist you to make your argument.

How to Send a Thank You E-mail

Following a presentation, it’s critical to send a thank-you email. It validates the organisers’ approach to you, and it also helps you strengthen your field contacts. A thank-you email should be brief and to the point, and it should include your name. This is due to the fact that individuals receive too many spam emails and are too busy to read long emails.

To get your idea through in the shortest amount of time, include your gratitude in the subject line. Your subject line might be as straightforward as “Thank you for asking me to speak at Event Name,” or it could be more sensitive and specific. Lastly, don’t forget to add an email signature to end it in a professional manner.

Should you say Thank You?

A thank you is seen as polite and should usually be used, but it depends on the context. In business and conferences, say thank you and add a slide. For toastmaster’s speeches, the general consensus is to not add a thank you. The Thank You feels suitable and necessary in the following situations:

• When you have an audience that is sitting in voluntarily.
• If members of your audience had to travel to see you.
• If you’re thanking your staff for their hard work, use this phrase.

Instead, when in situations like these, it is better not to say thank you:

• A thank you will be callous and improper if your presentation contains bad news.
• It’s best to close with a follow-up rather than a thank you slide when you need to assign a job or leave a call to action on anything.

Should you end by asking questions?

Avoid stopping your presentation with a Q&A session, even if you include a time for the audience to ask questions. To wrap up the presentation, you’ll want to reclaim control and make some closing statements

Asking for questions, however, is important. A good way to do that is by making it clear beforehand when you are taking questions. Additionally, you also need to anticipate what sort of questions the audience will ask of you. This will ensure you are not caught off guard at the moment. Finally, don’t forget to take pauses after each question. Make sure you comprehend the question and express gratitude to the person who asked it.

Thank you is a way of showing thanks for a job well done or a present received. Your capacity to express thankfulness, regardless of whether or not you deserved the service you received, goes a long way in any situation.

With these methods you’re linking the end of your presentation to your topic, which will assist your audience recall what they just heard. These will keep your audience interested and help them remember your talk. In the majority of these cases, you’re employing an old trick: abruptly ending your presentation when your audience isn’t expecting you to do so. That element of surprise also makes your presentation memorable and makes them want to hear more from you. 

So, while you’re planning your presentation material and wondering how to say thank you, remember to employ these approaches and end when people aren’t expecting it.

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• By Illiya Vjestica
• - January 23, 2023

10 Powerful Examples of How to End a Presentation

Here are 10 powerful examples of how to end a presentation that does not end with a thank you slide.

How many presentations have you seen that end with “Thank you for listening” or “Any questions?” I bet it’s a lot…

“Thank you for listening.” is the most common example. Unfortunately, when it comes to closing out your slides ending with “thank you” is the norm. We can create a better presentation ending by following these simple examples.

The two most essential slides of your deck are the ending and intro. An excellent presentation ending is critical to helping the audience to the next step or following a specific call to action.

There are many ways you can increase your presentation retention rate . The most critical steps are having a solid call to action at the end of your presentation and a powerful hook that draws your audience in.

What Action do You Want Your Audience to Take?

Before designing your presentation, start with this question – what message or action will you leave your audience with?

Are you looking to persuade, inspire, entertain or inform your audience? You can choose one or multiple words to describe the intent of your presentation.

Think about the action words that best describe your presentation ending – what do you want them to do? Inspire, book, learn, understand, engage, donate, buy, book or schedule. These are a few examples.

If the goal of your presentation is to inspire, why not end with a powerful and inspiring quote ? Let words of wisdom be the spark that ignites an action within your audience.

Here are three ways to end your presentation:

• Call to Action – getting the audience to take a specific action or next step, for example, booking a call, signing up for an event or donating to your cause.
• Persuade – persuading your audience to think differently, try something new, undertake a challenge or join your movement or community.
• Summarise – A summary of the key points and information you want the audience to remember. If you decide to summarise your talk at the end, keep it to no more than three main points.

10 Examples of How to End a Presentation

1. Asking your audience to take action or make a pledge.

Here were asking the audience to take action by using the wording “take action” in our copy. This call to action is a pledge to donate. A clear message like this can be helpful for charities and non-profits looking to raise funding for their campaign or cause.

2. Encourage your audience to take a specific action, e.g. joining your cause or community

Here was are asking the audience to join our community and help solve a problem by becoming part of the solution. It’s a simple call to action. You can pass the touch to your audience and ask them to take the next lead.

3. Highlight the critical points for your audience to remember.

Rember, to summarise your presentation into no more than three key points. This is important because the human brain struggles to remember more than three pieces of information simultaneously. We call this the “Rule of Three”.

4. If you are trying to get more leads or sales end with a call to action to book a demo or schedule a call.

Can you inspire your audience to sign up for a demo or trial of your product? Structure your talk to lead your prospect through a journey of the results you generate for other clients. At the end of your deck, finish with a specific call to action, such as “Want similar results to X?”

Make sure you design a button, or graphic your prospect can click on when you send them the PDF version of the slides.

5. Challenge your audience to think differently or take action, e.g. what impact could they make?

6. Give your audience actions to help share your message.

7. Promote your upcoming events or workshops

8. Asking your audience to become a volunteer.

9. Direct your audience to learn more about your website.

10. If you are a book author, encourage your audience to engage with your book.

6 Questions to Generate an Ending for Your Presentation

You’ve told an engaging story, but why end your presentation without leaving your audience a clear message or call to action?

Here are six great questions you can ask yourself to generate an ending for your presentation or keynote talk.

• What impression would you want to leave your audience with?
• What is the big idea you want to leave them with?
• What action should they take next?
• What key point should you remember 72 hours after your presentation?
• What do you want them to feel?
• What is the key takeaway for them to understand?

What to Say After Ending a Presentation?

When you get to the end of a book, you don’t see the author say, “thank you for reading my last chapter.” Of course, there is no harm in thanking the audience after your presentation ends, but don’t make that the last words you speak.

Think of the ending of the presentation as the final chapter of an epic novel. It’s your chance to leave a lasting impression on the audience. Close with an impactful ending and leave them feeling empowered, invigorated and engaged.

• Leave a lasting impression.
• Think of it as the last chapter of a book.
• Conclude with a thought or question.
• Leave the audience with a specific action or next step.

How to End a Presentation with Style?

There are many great ways you can end your presentation with style. Are you ready to drop the mic?

Ensure your closing slide is punchy, has a clear headline, or uses a thought-provoking image.

Think about colours. You want to capture the audience’s attention before closing the presentation. Make sure the fonts you choose are clear and easy to read.

Do you need to consider adding a link? If you add links to your social media accounts, use icons and buttons to make them easy to see. Add a link to each button or icon. By doing this, if you send the PDF slides to people, they can follow the links to your various accounts.

What Should you Remember?

💡 If you take one thing away from this post, it’s to lose the traditional ending slides. Let’s move on from the “Thank you for your attention.” or “Any questions.” slides.

These don’t help you or the audience. Respect them and think about what they should do next. You may be interested to learn 3 Tactics to Free Your Presentation Style to help you connect to your audience.

Illiya Vjestica

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End of presentation: 7 examples for the perfect conclusion

Ending a presentation is like adding the last stroke of a painter's brush - it rounds off the overall picture and creates a lasting impression. But how do you create a powerful end to a presentation that the audience will remember? Let's discover the secret together in this article.

What do you say at the end of a presentation?

You have given a convincing presentation, addressed everything important and got your message across effectively. Now you are faced with the challenge of finding a successful conclusion. This is where the right words matter. A simple "That's it" or "Thank you for your attention" will probably not be remembered by your audience. Instead, you can use a summary of your main points, a call-to-action or a catchy conclusion to leave a strong impression.

Why the end of your presentation is so important?

The end of a presentation is your last chance to leave a lasting impression. It gives you the opportunity to reinforce your message and inspire your audience, or spur them into action. It's not just about wrapping up your presentation, it's about ending it with a bang. Use this opportunity to reiterate your core message and make a strong emotional connection with your audience.

The principle of the recency effect

The recency effect states that people remember best what they heard last. This underlines why the end of your presentation is so important. If you design the end of your presentation effectively, your audience is more likely to remember it. Use this psychological phenomenon to your advantage and ensure that your conclusions and calls to action are remembered.

Presentation end: 7 examples to leave a lasting impression

• Summarize the main points: Repeat the main points of your presentation to reinforce them.
• Call-to-action: Ask your audience to perform a specific action or take a next step.
• Quote: A relevant and powerful quote can leave a lasting impression.
• Story or anecdote: A short, relevant story or anecdote can create an emotional connection and stick in the audience's mind.
• Questions: Ask a rhetorical or open-ended question that is thought-provoking.
• Surprising statistic or fact: An impressive statistic or fact can make a strong impression.
• Humorous remark: A funny remark or joke can lighten the mood and ensure a positive ending.

How to formulate a strong presentation ending

Formulating a strong presentation ending requires practice and creativity. Try to convey your core message in a way that suits your audience and your topic. Remember that your goal is to leave a lasting impression. Be clear, concise and engaging. Use metaphors or stories to illustrate your points and use rhetorical devices such as repetition and triples to reinforce your message. Here are some examples of how you can conclude your presentation:

• Summary and outlook: "Today we discussed the challenges and solutions for our product development. By implementing these solutions, our company will be even more innovative and efficient in the future."
• Call to action: "Now you know the advantages of our product. Let's exploit the opportunities that arise from this together. Let's start implementing it today!"
• Interaction question: "What do you think of these suggestions? Which measures do you see as a priority to achieve our goals?"
• Inspirational quote: "As Albert Einstein said: 'Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance, you have to keep moving'. So let's keep moving and pursue our goals together."
• Positive outlook: "I am confident that with these strategies we can achieve our goals and continue our success."

Each of these closing formulations has its strengths. Choose the one that best suits your style, your audience and your topic. Find out here how you can structure your presentation to create the perfect ending.

Presentation end - Rhetorical questions as a tool

The dos and don'ts for a successful end to a presentation.

It is crucial to design this finale in such a way that it is effective and memorable. To help you do this, here's a clear list of dos and don'ts to keep in mind at the end of your presentation. These tips will give you guidance to captivate your audience until the curtain falls.

How long should the end of a presentation last?

Make the end of the presentation fun.

Humor can be a great way to end your presentation in a light and enjoyable way. A joke or funny anecdote can lighten the mood and make your audience laugh. However, make sure the humor is appropriate and relevant to your topic.

What comes at the end of the presentation?

The closing slide of your presentation is your last chance to make a lasting impression. It should summarize your main points and include a call-to-action. You can also include your contact details or links to further resources. Make the closing slide engaging and easy to read to reinforce your message.

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End of presentation: the art of making a lasting impression.

The end of your presentation is more than just a conclusion. It's your chance to leave a lasting impression, reinforce your message and inspire your audience to take action. Take advantage of this opportunity and use techniques such as repeating your main points, asking rhetorical questions or adding humor to end your presentation effectively. Remember the principle of the recency effect and design your presentation to be memorable. No matter which method you choose, be authentic and stay true to yourself. Your audience will thank you for it.

Checklist: Effective end of presentation

This checklist will help you evaluate the effectiveness of your presentation ending and make sure you've covered all the important aspects. From the clarity of your message to the emotional resonance, these points are crucial to captivating your audience and leaving a lasting impression.

• Clarity of message: Has the main message of your presentation been clearly communicated?
• Answering audience questions: Were relevant questions from the audience addressed during or at the end of your presentation
• Visual impact: Was a strong, powerful image or graphic used effectively to reinforce the message?
• Audience engagement: Were techniques such as direct questions, interactive elements or calls to action used to actively engage the audience?
• Emotional resonance: Did the end of your presentation evoke an emotional response, be it inspiration, thoughtfulness or joy?
• Summary of content: Were the main points of your presentation summarized clearly and concisely?
• Lasting impression: Does the end of your presentation leave a strong, lasting image in the minds of your audience?

Case study: Impressive presentation endings

There are presentations that continue to occupy and inspire us long after they have finished. It's often the ending that leaves a lasting impression. To understand how to design a professional presentation ending, let's take a look at two case studies.

Steve Jobs at Apple product launches

Jobs' famous "One More Thing..." technique was a masterstroke in the art of presentation. After introducing a series of products or features during the presentation, it seemed as if he had reached the end. But then came the moment everyone was waiting for: Jobs returned to the stage, often with the words "There's one more thing...". These words caused great anticipation and excitement in the audience. This approach was more than just a clever finish. It became a trademark of Apple events and a synonym for innovation and surprise. The "One More Thing..." moments were often the introduction of groundbreaking products or features that would shape the technology world. This technique not only enhanced the impact of the presentation, but also left a sense of awe and curiosity.

The power of storytelling in TED Talks

TED Talks have established themselves worldwide as a platform for some of the most inspiring and influential presentations. A key element that sets TED presentations apart is the way speakers end their talks - often with a personal story or transformative experience. These stories are not only poignant, but also a powerful tool to reinforce the message of the presentation.

Presentation end - Frequently asked questions & answers

How do you end a presentation appropriately.

A good ending to a presentation includes a summary of the main points, a convincing conclusion, words of thanks and a willingness to answer questions.

What phrases are suitable for closing a presentation?

Possible phrases could be: "To conclude...", "To summarize...", "In conclusion, I would like to say...", "This brings me to the end of my presentation...".

Should you ask questions at the end of the presentation?

Yes, it is common and recommended to open a Q&A session at the end of the presentation to clear up any ambiguities and encourage dialog.

How should you respond to questions that you cannot answer?

It is important to be honest and admit if you cannot answer a question. You can offer to provide the answer later or ask the audience if someone else can answer the question.

What should you do if no questions are asked?

If no questions are asked, you can ask some prepared questions to stimulate discussion or highlight other aspects of the topic.

How do you thank the audience at the end of a presentation?

A simple "Thank you for your attention" or "Thank you for taking the time to listen to my presentation" is an appropriate way to say thank you.

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Different Ways to End a Presentation or Speech

November 6, 2017 - Dom Barnard

The beginning and ending of your presentation are the most important. The  beginning  is where you grab the audience’s attention and ensure they listen to the rest of your speech. The conclusion gives you a chance to leave a lasting impression that listeners take away with them.

Studies show  that when people are tasked with recalling information, they “best performance at the beginning and end”. It’s therefore essential you leave an impact with your closing statement. A strong ending motivates, empowers and encourages people to take action.

The power of three

The rule of three is a simple yet powerful method of communication and we use it often in both written and verbal communication. Using information in patterns of three makes it  more memorable  for the audience.

Examples of the power of three being used:

• This is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning – Winston Churchill
• Blood, sweat and tears – General Patton
• I came, I saw, I conquered – Julius Caesar

A compelling story

Ending your presentation on a short story, especially if that story is personal or illustrates how the content presented affects others is the best way to conclude.

If you want to talk about a customer experience or successful case study, think about how you can turn it into a meaningful story which the audience will remember and even relate to. Creating empathy with your audience and tying the story back to points made throughout the presentation ensures your presentation will be well received by the audience.

A surprising fact

A surprising fact has the power to re-engage the audience’s attention, which is most likely to wane by the end of a presentation. Facts with  statistical numbers  in them work well – you can easily search online for facts related to your speech topic. Just make use you remember the source for the fact in case you are questioned about it.

A running clock

Marketing and advertising executive Dietmar Dahmen ends his Create Your Own Change talk with a running clock to accompany his last statement. “Users rule,” he says, “so stop waiting and start doing. And you have to do that now because time is running out.”

If you’re delivering a time-sensitive message, where you want to urge your listeners to move quickly, you can have a background slide with a  running timer  to add emphasis to your last statement.

Acknowledging people or companies

There are times when it’s appropriate to thank people publicly for helping you – such as

• Presenting a research paper and want to thank people involved in the project
• Presenting data or information obtained from a company or a person
• When someone helped you build the presentation if it’s a particularly complex one

You can even use the  PowerPoint credits  feature for additional ‘wow’ factor.

A short, memorable sentence

A sound bite is an attention magnet. It cuts to the core of your central message and is one of the most memorable takeaways for today’s  Twitter-sized  attention spans. Consider Steve Jobs’ famous last line at his commencement address at Stanford University: “Stay hungry, stay foolish.”

Think about how you can distil your message down to a crisp, memorable statement. Does it represent your authentic voice? Does it accurately condense what your core message is about? Listeners, especially business audiences, have a radar that quickly spots an effort to impress rather than to genuinely communicate an important message.

An interesting quote

A relatively easy way to end your speech is by using a quote. For this to be effective, however, the quote needs to be one that has not been heard so often that it has become cliché.

To access fresh quotes, consider searching current personalities rather than historical figures. For example, a quote on failing from J.K. Rowling: “It is impossible to live without failing at something, unless you live so cautiously that you might as well not have lived at all – in which case, you fail by default.”

You need to figure out what resonates with your audience, and choose a quote that fits the presentation theme. If you’re up to it, you can round off the quote with your own thoughts as well.

A visual image

Make use of this power by ending your presentation with a riveting visual that ties to your take-home message. Leave this slide on when you finish your presentation to give the audience something to look at and think about for the next few minutes.

Use a summary slide instead of a ‘thank you’ slide

‘Thank You’ slides don’t really help the audience. You should be verbally saying ‘Thank you’, with a smile and with positive eye contact, putting it on a slide removes the sentiment.

Instead of a ‘Thank You’ slide, you can use a  summary slide  showing all the key points you have made along with your call to action. It can also show your name and contact details.

This slide is the only slide you use that can contain a lot of text, use bullet points to separate the text. Having all this information visible during the Q&A session will also help the audience think of questions to ask you. They may also choose to take photos of this slide with their phone to take home as a summary of your talk and to have your contact details.

Repeat something from the opening

Closing a presentation with a look back at the opening message is a popular technique. It’s a great way to round off your message, whilst simultaneously summing up the entire speech and creating a feeling of familiarity for the audience. Comedians do this well when they tie an earlier joke to a later one.

Doing this will signal to the audience that you are coming to the end of your talk. It completes the circle – you end up back where you started.

There are a few ways to approach this technique:

• Set up a question at the beginning of your speech and use your ending to answer it
• Finish a story you started, using the anecdote to demonstrate your message
• Close with the title of the presentation – this works best with a provocative, memorable title

Link the main points to the key message

At the beginning of your talk, it’s important to map out the main ideas you will talk about. An audience that doesn’t know the stages of the journey you are about to take them on will be less at ease than one that knows what lies ahead. At the end of your talk, take them back over what you’ve spoken about but don’t just list the different ideas you developed, show how they are related and how they support your main argument.

Finish with enthusiasm

It’s only natural that you’ll feel tired when you get to the end of your talk. The adrenaline that was racing through your body at the beginning has now worn off.

It’s crucial that the audience feels that you are enthusiastic and open for questions. If you’re not enthusiastic about the presentation, why should the audience be?

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Don’t end with audience questions

When the  Q&A session  is over, stand up, get their attention and close the presentation. In your closing give your main argument again, your call to action and deal with any doubts or criticisms that out in the Q&A.

A closing is more or less a condensed version of your conclusions and an improvised summary of the Q&A. It’s important that the audience goes home remembering the key points of the speech, not with a memory of a Q&A that may or may not have gone well or may have been dominated by someone other than you.

If possible, try and take questions throughout your presentation so they remain pertinent to the content.

Getting rid of the “questions?” slide

To start, let’s talk about what you shouldn’t do. You shouldn’t end a presentation with a slide that asks “Questions?” Everyone does and there is nothing memorable about this approach.

Ideally, you should take questions throughout the presentation so that the question asked and the answer given is relevant to the content presented. If you choose to take questions at the end of your presentation, end instead with a strong image that relates to your presentation’s content.

Worried about no audience questions?

If you’re afraid of not getting any questions, then you can arrange for a friend in the audience to ask one. The ‘plant’ is a good way to get questions started if you fear silence.

Chances are that people do want to ask questions, but no one wants to be the first to ask a question. If you don’t have a ‘plant’, you might need to get the ball rolling yourself. A good way to do this is for you to ask am open question to the audience. Ask the most confident looking person in the room for their opinion, or get the audience to discuss the question with the person sitting beside them.

A cartoon or animation

In his TED talk on  The Paradox of Choice  , Barry Schwartz ends his presentation with a cartoon of a fishbowl with the caption, “You can be anything you want to be – no limits.” He says, “If you shatter the fishbowl, so that everything is possible, you don’t have freedom, you have paralysis… Everybody needs a fishbowl”. This is a brilliant ending that combines visuals, humour and a metaphor. Consider ending your presentation with a relevant cartoon to make your message memorable.

Ask a rhetoric question

So, for example, if you’re finishing up a talk on the future of engineering, you might say, “I’d like to end by asking you the future of manufacturing, will it be completely taken over by robots in the next 30 years?”

The minute you  ask a question  , listeners are generally drawn into thinking about an answer. It’s even more engaging when the question is provocative, or when it touches potentially sensitive areas of our lives

Thank the audience

The simplest way to end a speech, after you’ve finished delivering the content, is to say, “thank you.” That has the benefit of being understood by everyone.

It’s the great way for anyone to signal to the audience that it’s time to applaud and then head home.

Call your audience to action and make it clear

It’s not enough to assume your message will inspire people to take action. You need to actually tell them to take action. Your call to action should be clear and specific. Your audience should be left with no doubt about what it is you’re asking.

Use the last few minutes of the presentation to reinforce the call to action you seek. Examples of strong calls to actions include:

• Retain 25% more employees with our personal development solution
• Save your business 150% by using this framework
• Donate today to save millions around the world

Make it clear that you’ve finished

Nothing is more uncomfortable than the silence of an audience working out if you’ve finished or not.

Your closing words should make it very clear that it’s the end of the presentation. The audience should be able to read this immediately, and respond. As we mentioned previously, saying “thank you” is a good way to finish.

If the applause isn’t forthcoming, stand confidently and wait. Don’t fidget and certainly don’t eke out a half-hearted, ‘And that just about covers it. Thank you’.

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Blog Marketing How To End A Presentation & Leave A Lasting Impression

How To End A Presentation & Leave A Lasting Impression

Written by: Krystle Wong Aug 09, 2023

So you’ve got an exciting presentation ready to wow your audience and you’re left with the final brushstroke — how to end your presentation with a bang. 

Just as a captivating opening draws your audience in, creating a well-crafted presentation closing has the power to leave a profound and lasting impression that resonates long after the lights dim and the audience disperses.

In this article, I’ll walk you through the art of crafting an impactful conclusion that resonates with 10 effective techniques and ideas along with real-life examples to inspire your next presentation. Alternatively, you could always jump right into creating your slides by customizing our professionally designed presentation templates . They’re fully customizable and require no design experience at all! 

Click to jump ahead:

Why is it important to have an impactful ending for your presentation?

10 effective presentation closing techniques to leave a lasting impression, 7 things to put on a conclusion slide.

• 5 real-life exceptional examples of how to end a presentation

6 mistakes to avoid in concluding a presentation

Faqs on how to end a presentation, how to create a memorable presentation with venngage.

People tend to remember the beginning and end of a presentation more vividly than the middle, making the final moments your last chance to make a lasting impression. 

An ending that leaves a lasting impact doesn’t merely mark the end of a presentation; it opens doors to further exploration. A strong conclusion is vital because it:

• Leaves a lasting impression on the audience.
• Reinforces key points and takeaways.
• Motivates action and implementation of ideas.
• Creates an emotional connection with the audience.
• Fosters engagement, curiosity and reflection.

Just like the final scene of a movie, your presentation’s ending has the potential to linger in your audience’s minds long after they’ve left the room. From summarizing key points to engaging the audience in unexpected ways, make a lasting impression with these 10 ways to end a presentation:

1. The summary

Wrap up your entire presentation with a concise and impactful summary, recapping the key points and main takeaways. By doing so, you reinforce the essential aspects and ensure the audience leaves with a crystal-clear understanding of your core message.

2. The reverse story

Here’s a cool one: start with the end result and then surprise the audience with the journey that led you to where you are. Share the challenges you conquered and the lessons you learned, making it a memorable and unique conclusion that drives home your key takeaways.

Alternatively, customize one of our cool presentation templates to capture the attention of your audience and deliver your message in an engaging and memorable way

3. The metaphorical prop

For an added visual touch, bring a symbolic prop that represents your message. Explain its significance in relation to your content, leaving the audience with a tangible and unforgettable visual representation that reinforces your key concepts.

4. The audience engagement challenge

Get the audience involved by throwing them a challenge related to your informational presentation. Encourage active participation and promise to share the results later, fostering their involvement and motivating them to take action.

5. The memorable statistic showcase

Spice things up with a series of surprising or intriguing statistics, presented with attention-grabbing visual aids. Summarize your main points using these impactful stats to ensure the audience remembers and grasps the significance of your data, especially when delivering a business presentation or pitch deck presentation .

Transform your data-heavy presentations into engaging presentations using data visualization tools. Venngage’s chart and graph tools help you present information in a digestible and visually appealing manner. Infographics and diagrams can simplify complex concepts while images add a relatable dimension to your presentation. 

6. The interactive story creation

How about a collaborative story? Work with the audience to create an impromptu tale together. Let them contribute elements and build the story with you. Then, cleverly tie it back to your core message with a creative presentation conclusion.

7. The unexpected guest speaker

Introduce an unexpected guest who shares a unique perspective related to your presentation’s theme. If their story aligns with your message, it’ll surely amp up the audience’s interest and engagement.

8. The thought-provoking prompt

Leave your audience pondering with a thought-provoking question or prompt related to your topic. Encourage reflection and curiosity, sparking a desire to explore the subject further and dig deeper into your message.

9. The empowering call-to-action

Time to inspire action! Craft a powerful call to action that motivates the audience to make a difference. Provide practical steps and resources to support their involvement, empowering them to take part in something meaningful.

10. The heartfelt expression

End on a warm note by expressing genuine gratitude and appreciation for the audience’s time and attention. Acknowledge their presence and thank them sincerely, leaving a lasting impression of professionalism and warmth.

Not sure where to start? These 12 presentation software might come in handy for creating a good presentation that stands out. 

Remember, your closing slides for the presentation is your final opportunity to make a strong impact on your audience. However, the question remains — what exactly should be on the last slide of your presentation? Here are 7 conclusion slide examples to conclude with a high note:

1. Key takeaways

Highlight the main points or key takeaways from your presentation. This reinforces the essential information you want the audience to remember, ensuring they leave with a clear understanding of your message with a well summarized and simple presentation .

2. Closing statement

Craft a strong closing statement that summarizes the overall message of your presentation and leaves a positive final impression. This concluding remark should be impactful and memorable.

3. Call-to-action

Don’t forget to include a compelling call to action in your final message that motivates the audience to take specific steps after the presentation. Whether it’s signing up for a newsletter, trying a product or conducting further research, a clear call to action can encourage engagement.

4. Contact information

Provide your contact details, such as email address or social media handles. That way, the audience can easily reach out for further inquiries or discussions. Building connections with your audience enhances engagement and opens doors for future opportunities.

Use impactful visuals or graphics to deliver your presentation effectively and make the conclusion slide visually appealing. Engaging visuals can captivate the audience and help solidify your key points.

Visuals are powerful tools for retention. Use Venngage’s library of icons, images and charts to complement your text. You can easily upload and incorporate your own images or choose from Venngage’s library of stock photos to add depth and relevance to your visuals.

6. Next steps

Outline the recommended next steps for the audience to take after the presentation, guiding them on what actions to pursue. This can be a practical roadmap for implementing your ideas and recommendations.

7. Inspirational quote

To leave a lasting impression, consider including a powerful and relevant quote that resonates with the main message of your presentation. Thoughtful quotes can inspire and reinforce the significance of your key points.

Whether you’re giving an in-person or virtual presentation , a strong wrap-up can boost persuasiveness and ensure that your message resonates and motivates action effectively. Check out our gallery of professional presentation templates to get started.

5 real-life exceptional examples of how to end a presentation 

When we talk about crafting an exceptional closing for a presentation, I’m sure you’ll have a million questions — like how do you end a presentation, what do you say at the end of a presentation or even how to say thank you after a presentation. 

To get a better idea of how to end a presentation with style — let’s delve into five remarkable real-life examples that offer valuable insights into crafting a conclusion that truly seals the deal: 

1. Sheryl Sandberg 

In her TED Talk titled “Why We Have Too Few Women Leaders,” Sheryl Sandberg concluded with an impactful call to action, urging men and women to lean in and support gender equality in the workplace. This motivational ending inspired the audience to take action toward a more inclusive world.

2. Elon Musk

Elon Musk often concludes with his vision for the future and how his companies are working towards groundbreaking advancements. His passion and enthusiasm for pushing the boundaries of technology leave the audience inspired and eager to witness the future unfold.

3. Barack Obama

President Obama’s farewell address concluded with an emotional and heartfelt expression of gratitude to the American people. He thanked the audience for their support and encouraged them to stay engaged and uphold the values that define the nation.

4. Brené Brown 

In her TED Talk on vulnerability, Brené Brown ended with a powerful quote from Theodore Roosevelt: “It is not the critic who counts… The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena.” This quote reinforced her message about the importance of embracing vulnerability and taking risks in life.

5. Malala Yousafzai

In her Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech, Malala Yousafzai ended with a moving call to action for education and girls’ rights. She inspired the audience to stand up against injustice and to work towards a world where every child has access to education.

For more innovative presentation ideas , turn ordinary slides into captivating experiences with these 15 interactive presentation ideas that will leave your audience begging for more.

So, we talked about how a good presentation usually ends. As you approach the conclusion of your presentation, let’s go through some of the common pitfalls you should avoid that will undermine the impact of your closing:

1. Abrupt endings

To deliver persuasive presentations, don’t leave your audience hanging with an abrupt conclusion. Instead, ensure a smooth transition by providing a clear closing statement or summarizing the key points to leave a lasting impression.

2. New information

You may be wondering — can I introduce new information or ideas in the closing? The answer is no. Resist the urge to introduce new data or facts in the conclusion and stick to reinforcing the main content presented earlier. By introducing new content at the end, you risk overshadowing your main message.

3. Ending with a Q&A session

While Q&A sessions are valuable , don’t conclude your presentation with them. Opt for a strong closing statement or call-to-action instead, leaving the audience with a clear takeaway.

4. Overloading your final slide

Avoid cluttering your final slide with too much information or excessive visuals. Keep it clean, concise and impactful to reinforce your key messages effectively.

5. Forgetting the call-to-action

Most presentations fail to include a compelling call-to-action which can diminish the overall impact of your presentation. To deliver a persuasive presentation, encourage your audience to take specific steps after the talk, driving engagement and follow-through.

6. Ignoring the audience

Make your conclusion audience-centric by connecting with their needs and interests. Avoid making it solely about yourself or your achievements. Instead, focus on how your message benefits the audience.

What should be the last slide of a presentation?

The last slide of a presentation should be a conclusion slide, summarizing key takeaways, delivering a strong closing statement and possibly including a call to action.

How do I begin a presentation?

Grabbing the audience’s attention at the very beginning with a compelling opening such as a relevant story, surprising statistic or thought-provoking question. You can even create a game presentation to boost interactivity with your audience. Check out this blog for more ideas on how to start a presentation . 

How can I ensure a smooth transition from the body of the presentation to the closing? 

To ensure a smooth transition, summarize key points from the body, use transition phrases like “In conclusion,” and revisit the main message introduced at the beginning. Bridge the content discussed to the themes of the closing and consider adjusting tone and pace to signal the transition.

How long should the conclusion of a presentation be?

The conclusion of a presentation should typically be around 5-10% of the total presentation time, keeping it concise and impactful.

Should you say thank you at the end of a presentation?

Yes, saying thank you at the end of a PowerPoint presentation is a courteous way to show appreciation for the audience’s time and attention.

Should I use presentation slides in the concluding part of my talk? 

Yes, using presentation slides in the concluding part of your talk can be effective. Use concise slides to summarize key takeaways, reinforce your main points and deliver a strong closing statement. A final presentation slide can enhance the impact of your conclusion and help the audience remember your message.

Should I include a Q&A session at the end of the presentation?

Avoid Q&A sessions in certain situations to ensure a well-structured and impactful conclusion. It helps prevent potential time constraints and disruptions to your carefully crafted ending, ensuring your core message remains the focus without the risk of unanswered or off-topic questions diluting the presentation’s impact.

Is it appropriate to use humor in the closing of a presentation?

Using humor in the closing of a presentation can be appropriate if it aligns with your content and audience as it can leave a positive and memorable impression. However, it’s essential to use humor carefully and avoid inappropriate or offensive jokes.

How do I manage nervousness during the closing of a presentation?

To manage nervousness during the closing, focus on your key points and the main message you want to convey. Take deep breaths to calm your nerves, maintain eye contact and remind yourself that you’re sharing valuable insights to enhance your presentation skills.

Creating a memorable presentation is a blend of engaging content and visually captivating design. With Venngage, you can transform your ideas into a dynamic and unforgettable presentation in just 5 easy steps: 

• Choose a template from Venngage’s library: Pick a visually appealing template that fits your presentation’s theme and audience, making it easy to get started with a professional look.
• Craft a compelling story or outline: Organize your content into a clear and coherent narrative or outline the key points to engage your audience and make the information easy to follow.
• Customize design and visuals: Tailor the template with your brand colors, fonts and captivating visuals like images and icons, enhancing your presentation’s visual appeal and uniqueness. You can also use an eye-catching presentation background to elevate your visual content. 
• Incorporate impactful quotes or inspiring elements: Include powerful quotes or elements that resonate with your message, evoking emotions and leaving a lasting impression on your audience members
• Utilize data visualization for clarity: Present data and statistics effectively with Venngage’s charts, graphs and infographics, simplifying complex information for better comprehension.

Additionally, Venngage’s real-time collaboration tools allow you to seamlessly collaborate with team members to elevate your presentation creation process to a whole new level. Use comments and annotations to provide feedback on each other’s work and refine ideas as a group, ensuring a comprehensive and well-rounded presentation.

Well, there you have it—the secrets of how to conclude a presentation. From summarizing your key message to delivering a compelling call to action, you’re now armed with a toolkit of techniques that’ll leave your audience in awe.

Now go ahead, wrap it up like a pro and leave that lasting impression that sets you apart as a presenter who knows how to captivate, inspire and truly make a mark.

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How to Close Your Presentation in English Powerfully [+ FREE Presentation Checklist]

May 9, 2018 | Business Professional English , Free Resource , Public Speaking & Presentations

This lesson has been updated from its original posting in 2016.

You’re giving your presentation in English. You have just two minutes left. And it’s time for the conclusion …

Did you know most people only remember the first and last things you tell them? It’s true.

If you are giving a presentation in English, then you definitely want people to remember what you say at the end. And this means your closing must be powerful!

You’ve worked hard on your presentation. You searched for information online. You couldn’t sleep at night. You felt nervous about making mistakes. You spent hours preparing. You reviewed the grammar and vocabulary. You worried about someone asking a question. You practiced and practiced and practiced.

And now it’s the last two minutes. This is the last opportunity for your audience to hear your key points. It is the last chance you have to help your audience remember your comments.

A closing in a presentation should be short and clear. It should summarize your key points. And, most importantly, it should be powerful.

In today’s lesson, you’re going to learn about 3 ways to make your closing more powerful. Plus you’ll learn useful key expressions you can use in your presentation.

3 steps to a powerful closing in your presentation.

Lesson by Annemarie

3 Strategies to Close Your Presentation Powerfully

Use these 3 strategies in your conclusion to:

• recapture your audience’s attention
• get your audience to focus and remember your key points
• help your audience connect with you and your topic
• end your presentation powerfully

One: Include a Call to Action (CTA)

Is there something you want your audience to do or think after your presentation. Do you want them to take action? Tell your audience exactly what you want them to do with a Call to Action.

Here’s my example:

“ After you finish today’s lesson, please take 2 minutes to  leave a comment about your experience with presentations. You can share your thoughts or ask questions in the comments section at the bottom of this lesson – it’s the perfect place to join a discussion on this topic.”

A couple useful expressions to help you introduce your CTA is:

• To close, I’d like to ask you to do this one thing…
• And finally, before you leave the conference today, please take two minutes to…

Two: End with a Powerful/Inspirational Quote

Is there one thing you really want your audience to remember? Or is there a specific feeling you want your audience to have after your presentation?

Using a powerful quote can help you do that. You could introduce a great quote or interesting statistic with:

• I’d like to finish with this powerful/interesting/wonderful/inspiring/ quote from …
• And finally, let’s finish up today’s discussion with this surprising/useful/shocking/hopeful statistic …

Here are some example quotes that might help people be prepared to take action or to think differently. But remember! Always match the quote or statistic to your topic:

“In the end, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends.”  – Martin Luther King, Jr. “Sometimes we stare so long at a door that is closing that we see too late the one that is open.”  – Alexander Graham Bell

Three: Add a Surprising Fact or Statistic

Is there something you’d love for your audience to think about after your presentation? Is there a statistic or fact that will help someone remember your key points?

A surprising fact can also help re-engage your audience, it will snap their attention back to you.

For example:

Did you know that the human brain’s capacity is limitless – that’s great new right? BUT … did you also know that a person is likely to remember only 25% of a presentation after 24 hours?

Uh oh. That is why it’s SO important to have a powerful ending! Remember: the key is to find a statistic or fact that connects directly to your topic.

Useful Language to Close Your Presentation

Summarize Your Key Points & Close Your Presentation

• That brings us to the end of the presentation. I’d like to summarize by saying …
• That concludes my presentation. However, I’d like to quickly summarize the main points or takeaways.
• And on that final note, that concludes my presentation.
• To quickly recap, I’d like you to remember these key points …
• To summarize …
• In conclusion …
• I’d like to bring this presentation to a close with …
• I’d like to close this talk with …
• So, this concludes the focus of discussion today. To end, I’d like to highlight …
• This concludes [name/title of the section] so let’s move on to the final comments.

Thank Your Audience

• I sincerely appreciate your attention today/this evening/this morning.
• And that brings us to the end. I’d like to thank you for your time and attention today.
• Thank you so much for your interest and attention.
• At this time, I’d like to have my colleague speak so I’ll finish up by saying thank you for your attention.
• I can see that our time is just about up so to finish I’d like to say thank you.
• I sincerely appreciate that I’ve had this opportunity to present to you.
• If there is one thing I would like you to remember from today’s presentation it’s …

Take Questions

• If anyone has any questions, I’d be happy to open up the discussion.
• If anyone has any questions, please feel free to ask now and I’ll do my best to answer.
• Would anyone like to ask any questions?
• I would now be interested to hear from you with your thoughts or questions.
• Now let’s move on to some Q&A. (Q&A = Questions and Answers)

Provide Next Steps or Contact Information

• If you would like more information, here is a list of useful resources/websites.
• If anyone who like more information or has questions, please feel free to contact me at: [include contact info]
• Here is a list for further reading on this topic. (Include the list of books or websites.)

Get the complete Presentations in English Series:

Part 1: How to Prepare for Your Presentation in English

Part 2:  How to Start with a Great Introduction in Your Presentation

Part 3:  How to Organize Your Presentation in English

Part 4: How to End Your Presentation Powerfully

After you’ve watched the video and reviewed the lesson, I’d love to hear from you!

Tell me about the best presentation you ever heard. Who gave the presentation? And why do you remember it? Share what you remember in the comments section below.

And for the bonus question!! Have you given a presentation in English? What tips or advice would you like to share with others? You can add your advice in the comments section.

Thank you so much for joining me!

~ Annemarie

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I’m glad to hear it was helpful!

This was very helpful

Thanks, Ma’am/Sir. This helped me a lot… 

Same here ma’am

This is so helpful. Thank you so much

This helped a lot. Thank you so much <3

I accidentally found your page while working on my English video presentation. It’s really helpful. Thanks soooo much 🙂

I’m very glad to know it was helpful!

Hi! I found your page very insightful. Thank you very much!

I’m glad to hear it!

great video series. thank you so much. you mentioned that you had a downloadable checklist in the final video. where could I find this thanks?

Hi Ellie, I’m glad the series was helpful.

When you visit the lesson, there should be an image that pops up with an opportunity to get the download. If you don’t see it, please let me know so I can fix it.

Helped a lot! Thank you very much <33

thank you so much

I love your method

Hello, I have a 5 minute oral presentation of a fictional book, w/the main focus on the leadership traits of the characters. I enjoyed the book, and suspect others might, so to that end, is it OK to NOT share the ending? Thank you

Thanks for your help 🙂

Great website. I found a typo in on the presentation closings page “Useful Langauge to Close Your Presentation”.

Good eyes! Thanks so much for the note. We’ve fixed the typo.

Dear Annemarie, thank you so much for sharing. 

Dear Annemarie, thank you so much for sharing. I learned so much from your 4 videos and I will work on improving my presentation skills. Love your spirit of excellence. For me as a presenter, its important i am passionate about the topic i share and audience will be able to apply some of the learnings in their life. Thank you Annemarie. I love your voice too. Stay blessed.

I watch continuously watched ur 4 videos and U r a great teacher.Thanks for making such purposeful videos.

I am so happy , I have more form you thank you very much

You are absolutely wonderful and your website is extremely useful and also quit impressive i habe my english A-levels in December i copied this text i sinisterly appreciate that i have had this opportunity to present to you and i also add something * it was a honor for me so thank you ☺️

Thanks, Jasmin! I’m so glad to know my lessons are helpful to you.

hey Annemarie could you help me in ending my presentation on mental health. it is a school presentation for MUN

If you’d like editing help, please see our options for 1:1 classes .

You are my favorite speaker. ☺

Hi Anna, that’s so kind of you. Thank you. 🙂

It’s so useful to us…… I’m so happy by this

I’m glad it was helpful to you, Kalpana.

I was holistically stuck about how to give my first ever presentation, but this gave me an impetus and confidence. Thanks a lot for this exquisite info

Awesome. I’m glad this helped you to move forward.

Thank YOU for tour tips. They are really inspiring. I Will try to put them into practise.

Hi Nancy, Wonderful! I’m glad they’re helpful to you!

It’s so useful to us…… I’m so happy by this

do you have Presentation course

Hi Hammad, I don’t at this time but it’s definitely something I’m thinking about.

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How to End a Presentation (+ Useful Phrases)

Table of Contents

Most people are aware of the power of first impressions.

However, our appearance and the first words we utter are only one part of the impact we have on others.

Arguably, the final words we exchange during an interaction can have an even more lasting effect . And that applies to public speaking, too.

Obviously, the way you introduce yourself and the topic you’ll be discussing is important.

However, the end of a presentation should also be recognized as a crucial part of the experience .

With that in mind, this article will walk you through some:

• Things you should consider before drafting your conclusion,
• Tips for ending a presentation memorably,
• Mistakes you should avoid, and
• Phrases you can use to wrap up your speech.

But, before we discuss how to end a presentation, let’s establish why having an impactful conclusion is so essential.

Why is it important to have an impactful ending for your presentation?

In our article about starting a presentation , we explained how the steps of the motivated sequence framework correspond to the structure of the average presentation or speech.

As we have established, the introduction of a presentation mirrors the first step of that model. That means that one of its main goals is to get the listeners’ attention .

The central part of the speech, or the body , corresponds to the second, third, and fourth steps of the motivated sequence framework. In other words, it has to:

• Introduce the audience’s need (or identify a problem the listeners are having),
• Offer a way to satisfy (or resolve) that need, and
• Help the listeners visualize the successful implementation of the speaker’s solution.

Having checked off these points, we arrive at the conclusion , i.e., the subject of this article.

That stage of a presentation corresponds to the final step of the motivated sequence model — which consists of the call to action .

So, the conclusion of a presentation allows the speaker to drive their point home and nudge the audience toward performing a specific action.

However, that’s not the only purpose of a conclusion.

According to the authors of Business Communication: Process & Product , the final section of a presentation should achieve 3 goals . It should:

• Summarize the main themes of the presentation,
• Leave the audience with a specific and noteworthy takeaway (i.e. propose a specific course of action), and
• Include a statement that allows the speaker to leave the podium (or pass the mic) gracefully.

Above all, the ending of a presentation should be memorable , akin to the punchline of a joke.

Having said that, let’s talk about some factors you should consider as you’re writing the conclusion of your speech.

Things to consider before crafting the conclusion of your presentation

If you’re trying to figure out how to end a presentation, knowing the goals of a conclusion should help.

However, those objectives are only one part of the puzzle. To get the others, you should also consider:

• Your audience’s demographic breakdown,
• The general purpose of your presentation ,
• The specific purpose of your presentation , and
• Your thesis statement .

With that in mind, let’s see how each of these factors can help you develop an impactful conclusion for your presentation.

Factor #1: The demographic breakdown of the audience

As we have noted in our article about starting presentations, understanding the demographic breakdown of one’s audience is a crucial part of drafting a speech .

After all, the audience affects all of the choices we make — from the way we present ourselves to the vocabulary and the supporting materials we use during our presentations.

In our quest to learn more about the effect an audience can have on a presentation, we spoke to Persuasion Strategist Juliet Huck .

Having spent a significant portion of her professional career preparing people to take the witness stand, Huck knows a thing or two about adjusting one’s messaging to fit the preferences of one’s audience. She says:

“[The] ending [of] every presentation should be different and always based on the background of your audience. This should not be a blanket statement.  It also depends on if you are educating your audience or persuading them to make a decision in your favor.  You must do the homework on your audience prior to giving a presentation and end by leading them to your desired conclusion by giving them a conclusion they can relate to.”

But, if you’re not entirely sure how to take your audience into account when drafting your conclusion, consider the following questions:

• How will your audience connect to the topic you’re discussing?
• How can you relate the information you’re sharing to the listeners’ needs?
• What would make your audience think back on your presentation in positive terms?
• What would be the most effective way to get your point across to this specific audience?

Knowing whether your audience is friendly, neutral, uninterested, or hostile will also help you adjust your approach.

If nothing else, it’ll tell you whether you should stick to the facts or feel free to deliver a more casual or rousing speech.

Examples of different audience breakdowns

In our article about starting a presentation, we demonstrated our tips through 3 fictional speakers. So, let’s use the same presenters to illustrate this point.

• Nick Mulder is talking about the dangers of phishing. He introduced himself as the head of the security department. So, we can assume that he’s speaking to an audience of fellow employees, perhaps even through video conferencing software. Therefore, he was addressing an internal problem the company was having in front of a fairly receptive audience.
• Joan Miller is talking about how artificial intelligence is changing the future of the marketing industry. In her introduction, she mentioned having over four decades of experience in marketing. Consequently, we can infer that she’s speaking to an audience of marketing specialists who were previously unaware of her credentials.
• Milo Green is talking about employee retention. In his introduction, he indicated that the audience may know him as the founder of Green & Co. So, he’s probably famous enough to be recognized by at least a portion of his audience. Between that and the subject of his presentation, we can assume that he’s talking to the upper management of other companies.

From our examples, we can see how the identity of the speaker and their level of familiarity with the listeners might affect the way they prepare their presentations .

Factor #2: The general purpose of your presentation

Understanding the general purpose of a speech brings you one step closer to knowing how to end a presentation.

According to the authors of Communicating at Work , most presentations can be sorted into one of 3 categories based on that factor. In that regard, your presentation could be:

• Informative , aiming to expand the listeners’ knowledge and/or help them acquire a specific skill,
• Persuasive , with the goal of changing the listeners’ opinions or encouraging them to behave a certain way, or
• Entertaining , which is good for getting the audience to relax and look forward to upcoming speakers or events.

The general purpose of your presentation will naturally affect your conclusion because it will change what you choose to emphasize.

💡 Pumble Pro Tip

The basic goal of your presentation could correspond with the type of presentation you’re giving. To learn more about presentation types and styles, check out this article:

• Presentation types and styles explained

Examples of defining the general purpose of a presentation 

Let’s see how our imaginary presenters would define the general purpose of their presentations.

• The general purpose of our phishing expert’s presentation is informative . The speaker’s primary goal is to teach his coworkers how to recognize and defend themselves against phishing attempts.
• Our marketing expert’s presentation is persuasive . She wants to change her listeners’ minds and make them more open to using AI in their marketing campaigns.
• The last speaker’s presentation about employee retention is also persuasive . After all, the speaker is attempting to show his listeners how they can increase the employee retention rate at their own companies. However, depending on the circumstances surrounding the speech, it could also take on some entertaining qualities.

Factor #3: The specific purpose of your presentation

The specific purpose of a presentation is essentially the outcome you’re looking to achieve with your speech. Defining this goal will require you to know the answers to the following questions :

• Who do you want to influence?
• What do you want them to think or do?
• How, when, and where do you want them to do it?

Ideally, the specific goal you come up with should be realistic and highly specific .

To that end, the authors of Communicating at Work recommend setting measurable goals . So, for example, instead of thinking: “ I want to get approval for my project. ”,

“I want my manager to let me set aside one day per week to work on this project. I also want them to let me ask one or two other people to help me with it.”

Having this kind of goal in mind will help you figure out how to wrap up your presentation.

Examples of defining the specific purpose of a presentation

So, how would our 3 speakers specify the desired outcomes of their presentations in measurable terms? Let’s see:

“I want the people in my company to understand the dangers of phishing attacks. They should learn the exact steps they need to take when they see a suspicious email in their inbox.”

“I want these marketing experts to be more knowledgeable about the way artificial intelligence works right now and understand how they can incorporate that software into their professional practice.”

“I want managers and HR professionals to know how they can make their companies a better place to work so they can keep their employee retention rate high.”

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Factor #4: Your thesis statement

Ultimately, defining the general and specific goals of your presentation is a great way to keep yourself on track when crafting your speech.

However, the audience doesn’t need to know those goals.

Instead, they can hear your thesis statement — a summary of your overall message .

You can treat this statement as the throughline of your presentation. It will appear at least once in the introduction, followed by a few repetitions throughout the body of the presentation.

Finally, you’ll also want to include that same idea in your conclusion at least once.

In addition to keeping you, as the speaker, grounded, that repetition also keeps your audience from wondering what your presentation is about .

Examples of defining the thesis statement of a presentation

So, what would a thesis statement look like in practice? Let’s hear it from our fictional presenters:

“Identifying and reporting phishing emails will save the company’s information and money in the long term.”

“Right now, artificial intelligence isn’t as advanced as people think it is. However, we can still use it for marketing purposes as long as we make sure the process doesn’t begin and end with AI.”

“Improving your employee retention rate makes employees more engaged with their work and saves the company time and money that would otherwise go to training new personnel.”

How to end a presentation with a bang: 10 tips + examples

Now that we know why having an impactful conclusion is so crucial, it’s time to find the right way to achieve your goals.

To that end, we have highlighted 10 tips that might help you wrap up your presentation .

• Reiterate the key points and your core message.
• Mirror your opening statement.
• Elicit a response.
• Engage the audience.
• Call to action.
• Hand out materials.
• Acknowledge your contributors.
• Provide contact information.
• Thank the audience.
• Ask for feedback.

Of course, many of these methods we’ll discuss can be combined. However, your choices may be limited depending on the factors we have previously mentioned.

Tip #1: Reiterate the key points and your core message

Making sure the audience remembers your main points is one of the most important objectives your conclusion should accomplish.

With that in mind, you should dedicate some time at the end of your speech to reinforcing what you were trying to say throughout your presentation.

Take it from Mark Beal , Assistant Professor of Professional Practice, Communication, at Rutgers University:

“Every presentation should deliver and consistently reinforce three key message points. Most audience members will not recall more than three messages. Some may only recall one or two. With that [in mind], an engaging and effective presentation should conclude with the three messages the presenter wants the audience to take away.”

In essence, you’ll want to summarize your presentation by reiterating up to 3 key points and then repeating your thesis statement.

You could even translate this tip to your presentation slides. As Juliet Huck says:

“Your last slide should always draw your audience to your desired conclusion. [It] should be your billboard message , as we remember 70% of what we see and 20% of what we hear.”

We can see what that might look like through the example of our imaginary presentation on the dangers of phishing, below.

Tip #2: Mirror your opening statement

According to the authors of Communicating at Work , splitting a narrative between the introduction and the conclusion of your presentation is a good way to keep your audience’s attention.

Assistant Professor of Rhetorical Communication at the State University of New York, Dr. Lee M. Pierce , agrees:

“Psychological closure is looping back to the beginning to give the audience a sense of a closed circle. Don’t add new information in the conclusion, just tie the presentation up with a bow. [For example,] I always customize my closings based on the opening of the speech. During a TEDx Talk on Beyoncé’s ‘Formation,’ I began by walking out to the introduction to the song, and then I ended by walking off to the end of the song.”

The above quote demonstrates that this tip can be useful no matter which method you used to start your presentation .

You can use it to put a new spin on a statistic you shared in the introduction, give a story you told a different ending, or finish the punchline of a joke you started with.

Overall, coming back to the theme you introduced at the beginning of your speech should make your presentation seem more complete and intentional .

Phrases you can use to reflect the introduction of your presentation in the conclusion

With all that being said, let’s see how our imaginary speakers would mirror the opening lines of their presentations in their conclusion.

Having started with a phishing statistic, our first speaker might say:

“Going back to the number we started with, remember that the Anti-Phishing Working Group has recorded 1,270,883 individual phishing attacks in the third quarter of 2022 — and that number is always on the rise. Luckily, you now have all the information you need to avoid becoming a part of that statistic.”

Our second speaker would have announced her plans to survey her listeners at the beginning of her presentation. In her conclusion, she might say:

“At the beginning of my presentation, I asked you to answer a quick survey on whether you’d be willing to work with AI. If you look back at your phones, you’ll see a different link in the #general channel on Pumble . Let’s see if this talk has managed to sway some opinions!”

Lastly, our final speaker might refer back to a humorous statement he made about chaining one’s employees to their desks to ensure that employee retention rates stay high.

“Once you start making your company a better place to work, your employees will happily perform their daily tasks — without being glued to their desks.”

Tip #3: Elicit a response

Making an audience experience strong emotions is always a good thing, but especially as the presentation comes to a close.

Putting the listeners in a contemplative mood or, even better, a cheerful one, means that they’ll be more likely to remember you and the points you made after your presentation ends.

On top of that, concluding your presentation in this manner would allow you to step off the stage gracefully, which is one of the main goals your conclusion should accomplish.

Now, depending on the type of presentation you’re delivering and, indeed, your style of presenting, you could elicit a response by:

• Ending with a short but powerful statement ,
• Asking a thought-provoking rhetorical question ,
• Relying on an impactful statistic or a quote , or even
• Inserting a funny picture or a meme on your final presentation slide.

Any one of these methods could help you solidify yourself and your message in the minds of the audience.

Phrases you can use to elicit a response from the audience

So, how would our 3 presenters try to get a response from their audiences? Well, they might use the following statements.

“Ultimately, the best defense against phishing attacks is human intelligence. You, alone, can ensure that your information remains secure by implementing the checklist I’ve shared today.”

“So, let me ask you again. Would you be willing to incorporate AI into your marketing campaign?”

“Hey, if the conditions you’re offering to your employees are good enough — there’s no need to keep them glued to their desks.”

Tip #4: Engage the audience

As we’ll discuss later on, having a Q&A session at the end of your presentation doesn’t always pan out the way you want it to.

Even so, getting your audience — or at least a few select listeners — to verbally respond to you can go a long way toward making you seem like a more engaging speaker.

Still, you can’t implement this tip without a strategy. You want to lead your audience to a certain type of response .

Professional speaker, career change consultant, and host of the Career Relaunch® podcast, Joseph Liu , had this to say:

“I often invite attendees to share what action they’re going to take amongst the potential ones I’ve covered throughout the presentation or to at least commit to taking some sort of action.”

Speaker, author, and editorial producer at CNN, Nadia Bilchik , agrees:

“If time allows, I always ask participants to share their biggest takeaway.”

The quote above also highlights the importance of being aware of the time as you are concluding a presentation — which is another thing we’ll talk about later.

For now, we’ll just boil this tip down to the following statement: if possible, try to make people verbalize or at least think about the knowledge they’re taking away from your speech .

Phrases you can use to engage the audience

Going back to our imaginary speakers, let’s see how this tip might work in practice.

“As we approach my conclusion, I’d like for us to reflect on everything we’ve learned here today. So, let me turn the spotlight on you all. Does anyone remember how to recognize a phishing email without opening it?”

“Now, I’m sure everyone here has some idea of how they might incorporate AI into their next marketing campaign. Is anyone willing to share their strategy?”

“Alright! Pop quiz time — don’t worry, I won’t grade you. Can you all shout out the main 3 ways to increase employee retention? Number 1?”

Tip #5: Call to action

Once you have finished reiterating your core message and making sure you have your audience’s attention, you need to be able to direct the listeners to the next step.

As Michelle Gladieux , author of Communicate with Courage and President of Gladieux Consulting, an employee coaching provider, would put it:

“What can the audience DO with the information you’ve shared? Suggest a positive, fruitful next step or, even better, suggest several, and let your presentation participants choose among options that have panned out well for others.”

In her workshops, Gladieux says:

“We ask participants to document at least one goal for behavior change that is specific, measurable, and time-based, and take a bonus step of inviting them to name one person they’ll tell about their goal for added accountability.”

According to the authors of Communicating at Work , there are 2 ways to deliver a call to action at the end of your presentation. Namely, you can either phrase it as:

• An appeal or a question (e.g. “If any of this sounds interesting, you can learn more by signing up for our newsletter through the link on the screen behind me.” ), or
• A challenge or a demand (e.g. “Now, you can keep doing what you’re doing and getting lackluster results. Or, you can sign up for our newsletter to receive tips that will help you upgrade your strategy.” ).

As always, your choice will depend on the factors we have listed at the top of this article.

Phrases you can use to call the audience to action

Let’s see what our fictional speakers’ calls to action might look like.

“Remember, even if you happen to open a phishing email, you’ll be able to deal with it easily by forwarding it to this email address. That’s the main thing you need to remember from this talk.”

“I bet many of you could come up with even more creative ways to incorporate AI into your marketing campaigns. So, how about this: if you fill out the form I’m about to send you, I’ll check in with you in about three months. Those of you who succeed in using AI in a meaningful way will get a chance to share your insights on this very stage next year!”

“I have a challenge for those of you who are ready to meet me at my level. I want you to sign a pledge, promising to boost your employee retention rate by 10% in the next year. We had a similar experiment at one of my talks a couple of years back, and even I was surprised by the results.”

If you decide to accompany this part of your speech with a call to action slide, keep Juliet Huck’s advice in mind:

“A call to action slide is not always persuasive. Persuasion is not a call to action — it is a directed action. To ‘call’ means someone can say no, but to ‘persuade’ [is to] direct your audience to your desired conclusion based on a number of steps.”

In effect, that means that your call to action should be the final step of your persuasion strategy.

You should start building to that desired outcome well before you get to the end of your presentation.

Tip #6: Hand out materials

The ending of a presentation is the perfect time to give the audience a keepsake of your speech .

But, keep in mind that a memento doesn’t have to be a physical item. As Michelle Gladieux would say:

“I like to direct my audiences to free downloadable resources on our website for those who want to continue their personal and professional growth as leaders and communicators.”

So, sharing resources through email or a business messaging app would work just as well.

Of course, you don’t have to hold off until the conclusion of your presentation to give your audience something to remember you by. Gladieux also shared a method she used in her workshops: 

“[Most of our] participants have our high-quality original workbooks in hand during the presentation and available later as a tangible resource. Folks add notes, take short assessments, and work on case studies when we teach using workbooks. If we use presentation slides, we keep the content as engaging visually as possible and short on words.”

If your budget allows you to do something similar, that might be a good way to make the audience remember you.

Phrases you can use before handing out materials

In the scenarios we have conjured up, the speakers might introduce their additional materials like so.

“If you’re interested in learning more about phishing and how you can defend yourself from future attacks, you’ll find more information by following the link on the screen.”

“Now, at this point, I see that my associates have already started delivering some additional materials and miscellaneous goodies to you. I hope you’ll use them to workshop further ideas for using AI in your marketing strategies.”

“I’ll go ahead and forward these presentation slides as well as some additional resources for improving employee retention to you all.”

If you’re looking for a convenient way to deliver additional resources to the attendees of your speech, Pumble is a great option. This article offers some practical tips for using business messaging software for educational purposes — including online conferences:

• Using Pumble for teaching and learning  

Tip #7: Acknowledge contributors

If you’re delivering a business presentation as a representative of a team or a department, you can also use the final moments of your speech to acknowledge everyone who worked on the presentation with you.

On the one hand, you could simply thank your team in general terms and leave it at that.

Alternatively, you could highlight the individual contributions of specific team members if you want to make sure their effort doesn’t go unnoticed.

Phrases you can use to acknowledge your contributors

Here’s how our fictitious presenters might acknowledge the people who helped them create their presentations:

“Before I sign off, I’d like to take a moment to thank Jill and Vanessa from the security team, who helped me compile the data and create the slides you just saw.”

“Finally, I’d like to acknowledge that this presentation wouldn’t be half as informative without the experts who helped me understand the technical side of AI.”

“Now, let’s all give it up for my wonderful team, who helped me organize this lecture.”

Improve communication and collaboration for increased team efficiency with Pumble.

Tip #8: Provide contact information

Business presentations often double as networking opportunities , both for presenters and for audience members.

With that in mind, you might want to put your contact information on one of your closing slides.

For one, doing so would show the audience how they can get in touch with you after your presentation ends. After all, they may have additional questions or even interesting business opportunities for you.

On top of that, putting your contact information on the last slide is also a good way to remind the audience of your name and credentials .

For that reason, our second imaginary speaker might have “Joan Miller — Chief Marketing Officer at Happy Media” on her final slide.

Phrases you can use to provide contact information

So, how would our presenters encourage their audience to keep in touch? Well, they might say: 

“I’m always happy to answer any of your security or phishing-related questions on Pumble. You’ll find me by clicking the plus sign next to the direct messages section and searching my name, Nick Mulder.”

“If you all have any follow-up questions for me or one of the AI experts I’ve spoken to, you’ll find all of our contact information on this slide.”

“If you want to stay up to date on Green & Co’s latest news, follow us on LinkedIn.”

Tip #9: Thank the audience

Many presenters find a way to incorporate a “ thank you ” slide at the end of their presentations.

If you want to express your appreciation to your audience members , you could do the same thing.

However, as we’ll soon discuss, many of the experts we’ve spoken to would advise against having pointless visuals at the end of your presentation.

After all, you want to leave the audience with something memorable to take away from your speech.

Still, if you want to thank the audience, you could always make that final slide serve multiple functions .

For example, a “thank you” slide can also contain the speaker’s contact information, as well as additional resources.

This example “thank you” slide above features a QR code (you can create one using a QR code generator ) leading to more resources — it prompts the audience to find the speaker on various social media platforms.

Tip #10: Ask for feedback

Lastly, some speakers might benefit from knowing what the audience thinks about their delivery and other aspects of their presentation.

That’s why some of the experts we’ve spoken to suggest that conducting a brief survey of the audience could be a good activity to end a presentation with.

Rutgers University professor, Mark Beal, says that:

“Offering audience members the opportunity to take a concise survey at the conclusion of a presentation will result in valuable insights that will inform how to consistently evolve and improve a presentation. […] We use the last few minutes of seminars to allow participants to answer a few questions about what was most useful in our content and delivery, and what, in that individual’s opinion, could improve.”

Michelle Gladieux is also an advocate for audience surveys, saying:

“I’ve delivered thousands of training workshops and keynotes and never miss an opportunity to ask for feedback formally (in writing), informally (in conversation), or both. As you might guess, I advise every presenter reading this to do the same.”

You could encourage this type of feedback by:

• Asking attendees to share their thoughts on your presentation after you step off the stage,
• Setting up a notebook near the door and asking people to jot down their thoughts as they exit,
• Having a suggestion box for hand-written feedback notes, or
• Creating an anonymous survey online and linking to it on your presentation slides.

Most presenters nowadays tend to rely on technology to compile audience feedback, but the method you use will depend on the circumstances surrounding your presentation.

If you’ve never had to ask for feedback before, you might find this article interesting:

• How to ask your manager for feedback  

The worst ways to end a presentation

Having gone through the best practices for concluding a presentation memorably, we also wanted to know what are some of the mistakes speakers should avoid as they reach the end of their speech.

The experts we have spoken to have identified 5 of the worst ways to end a presentation :

• Overloading your final slide.
• Settling for a lackluster closer.
• Ending with a Q&A session.
• Not having time for any questions at all.
• Going over your time.

So, let’s see what makes these mistakes so bad.

Mistake #1: Overloading your final slide

Overloading your presentation slides isn’t a mistake you can make only at the end of your presentation.

Professional speakers know that slides are only there to accompany your speech — they shouldn’t be the main event.

As Nadia Bilchik says:

“Slides are only there to support your message. Towards the end of the presentation, I may even stop the slideshow entirely and just have a black screen. At the very end of the presentation, my suggestion is to have a slide up with the next steps or a call to action.”

Dr. Lee M. Pierce also tends to use blank slides:

“I always end and begin with blank slides. As a speaker, you’re trying to build connection and rapport between you and the audience, not between the audience and your slide deck.”

Therefore, putting too much information onto a single slide can make the speaker seem unprepared, in addition to overwhelming the audience.

When in doubt, remember Kawasaki’s 10/20/30 rule :

• No more than 10 slides per presentation,
• Keep your presentations under 20 minutes, and
• The text on your slides should never be smaller than 30-point font. 

Mistake #2: Settling for a lackluster closer

If your goal is to become a proficient speaker, you’ll have to stop using uninspired closers like:

• “Well, I guess that’s it.”
• “That’s pretty much all I had to say.”
• “That’s about it from me. Can we get some applause?”

The audience will respond if you say something deserving of a response.

Instead of using these bland lines, remember Juliet Huck’s advice:

“Never end your presentation without closing the loop of your beginning theme and being specific when asking for your desire conclusion.”

As we have established, it’s best to conclude your speech by bringing back your thesis statement and key points.

Finishing with weak visuals is similarly offensive — and here we’re not just talking about presentation slides.

Remember, body language is an important component of our communication .

Fidgeting as your presentation comes to a close or slumping your posture as soon as you’re finished speaking won’t do.

As Michelle Gladieux would say:

“Never end a presentation seeming happy to be done, even if you are! Be certain you’re happy to be the presenter before you begin, or find someone else to do it.”

In other words, try not to show signs of anxiety during your presentation .

Maintain a confident demeanor for as long as you remain on stage or as long as you’re on camera, in the case of virtual meetings .

Mistake #3: Ending with a Q&A session

One of the experts we have spoken to, Nadia Bilchik, was particularly adamant about not ending presentations with Q&A sessions.

“Never ever end a presentation on a question-and-answer session. I have seen numerous presenters end by asking ‘Any questions?’ Too often there are no questions, and the presenter is left looking deflated and muttering ‘Thank you.’ [If there are] no questions, you can always say ‘A question I’m often asked is…’ or ‘Something I would like to reiterate is…’ Never end your presentation without your audience being clear about what they are expected to do with the information you have just shared.”

Adding that you can:

“Ask for questions, comments, and concerns, and only then end with a quick wrap-up. The goal is to end with your audience being clear on their next steps.”

Even if the listeners do have questions, there’s a good reason not to have a Q&A session at the very end of your presentation.

Namely, there’s always a chance that someone will ask a question that completely derails the conversation.

If you have the Q&A portion right before your conclusion, you’ll have time to reiterate your core message and proceed with a memorable closing statement .

For reference, you can ask for questions by saying:

“Before I close out this lecture, do you guys have any questions for me?”

Then, if there are no questions, you can still proceed to your conclusion without losing face. 

A Q&A session is one of the best ways to make your presentations more interactive — but it’s not the only way to go about it. To learn more, check out this article:

• 18 Ways to make presentations more interactive and engaging

Mistake #4: Not having time for any questions at all

Ending with a Q&A session could be a problem — but, perhaps, not as big of a problem as not taking questions at all.

As Mark Beal would say:

“Not giving the audience the opportunity to participate in the presentation via a question and answer session is another ineffective way to end a presentation. Audiences want to have a voice in a presentation. They will be more engaged with the presentation content and recall it more effectively if given the opportunity to participate in the presentation and interact with the presenter.”

Dr. Lee M. Pierce adds:

“It’s always good to leave at least 15 minutes for questions. Leaving 5 minutes is annoying and pointless. Also, be prepared that the audience may not have questions or not feel comfortable just jumping in, so have some of your own questions ready to offer them. You can say something like, ‘Just to put it out there, if I were going to ask me a question, I’d ask…’ ”

Now, both Nadia Bilchik and Lee M. Pierce have mentioned phrases you can use if no one comes forth with a question.

You’ll notice that the sentences they have come up with will require you to consider the questions you may be asked ahead of time .

In addition to helping you create a better presentation, doing this will also allow you to answer any questions effortlessly.

Mistake #5: Going over your time

Last but not least, many of the professional speakers we have interviewed have stressed the importance of ending one’s presentation on time.

Michelle Gladieux said it best:

“The best way to end a presentation is ON TIME. Respect others’ time commitments by not running over. You can always hang around for a while to speak with people who have more to say or more to ask.”

Dr. Lee M. Pierce agrees:

“The worst thing you can do is run over time. If you were given 45 minutes for a presentation plus 15 minutes for Q & A, you should end at 45 minutes — better if you end at 35 or 40.”

Then again, according to Guy Kawasaki’s 10/20/30 rule, even going over the 20-minute mark could risk boring and alienating one’s audience.

Useful phrases for ending a presentation

In the course of our research, we’ve found many practical phrases one might use to wrap up a presentation.

We even had experts send in their suggestions. For example, Nadia Bilchik says:

“I always end with a very quick summary of the content, a definitive call to action, and a reiteration of the benefits to the audience. This is a superb model, and I have shared it with thousands of individuals who have found it immensely valuable. Use this as your framework: What I have looked at today… What I am asking you to do… The benefits are…”

Other phrases you might use at the end of your presentation include:

“To recap, we’ve discussed…”

“Throughout this presentation, we talked about…”

“In other words,…”

“To wrap up/conclude,…”

“In short, I’d like to highlight…”

“To put it simply,…”

“In conclusion…”

“In summary, the goal of my presentation…”

“If there’s one thing you take away from my presentation…”

“In bringing my presentation to a close, I wanted to…”

If you’d like to incorporate a call to action, you might say:

“I’m counting on you to…”

“After this presentation, I’d like to ask you to…”

“Please take a minute to…”

“Next time you (see a suspicious email), remember to (forward it to this email address).”

To end with a quote, you could say:

“Let me leave you with this quote…”

“That reminds me of the old saying…”

Lastly, more useful phrases include:

“Feel free to reach out if you have any questions.”

“For more information, head to the link on the screen.”

“Thank you for your time/attention.”

“I hope you found this presentation informative/useful/insightful.”

Remember: the last words you say should make it abundantly clear that your presentation has ended.

What should your final slide look like?

If you don’t want to leave your final slide blank as some of the experts we have talked to would recommend, there are other ways to fill that space.

Joseph Liu told us:

“I tend to make it very clear the presentation is coming to an end by having a slide that says, ‘Closing Thoughts’ or something to that effect. I recommend ending with a recap of your content, reconnecting with the initial hook you used at the start, and finally, some sort of call to action.”

Mark Beal has a similar formula for his closing slides, saying:

“The final slides of my presentation include: A slide featuring three key messages/takeaways, A question and answer slide to engage the audience at the conclusion in the same manner a presenter wants to engage an audience at the start of a presentation, and A final slide including the presenter’s contact information and a website address where they can learn more information. This slide can include a QR code that the audience can screenshot and access the presenter’s website or another digital destination.”

Between these two suggestions and the many examples we have included throughout our guide, you ought to have a clear picture of what your final slide might look like.

End your presentations with a bang on Pumble

Knowing how to end a presentation effectively is a skill like any other — you’re bound to get better through practice and repetition.

To get the most out of your presentations, make sure to give them on Pumble.

Pumble — a team communication and collaboration app — allows you to have the most interactive, efficient presentations thanks to:

• The video conferencing feature that allows you to share your knowledge with a large group of people,
• The screen sharing feature that allows you share your presentation,
• The in-call message feature, to ensure your audience can participate (and send questions for the FAQ partition of the presentation, for example), and
• The blur background feature, that ensures your audience’s attention is always on you and you alone.

Secure, real-time communication for professionals.

Olga Milicevic is a communication researcher and author dedicated to making your professional life a bit easier. She believes that everyone should have the tools necessary to respond to their coworkers’ requests and communicate their own professional needs clearly and kindly.

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How to Conclude a Presentation Like a Pro [A Step-by-Step Guide]

A presentation has recently become one of the most vital forms of communication in a business ecosystem. It is used for a variety of reasons in almost all sectors to reach out to stakeholders, team leaders, team members, colleagues, and more. Some might argue that the most important part of any presentation is not the content but the ending slide of the presentation. In other words, how to conclude a presentation. 

An inefficient ending is directly related to an immemorable presentation. Simply put, no one will remember what you have presented if they don’t remember your presentation. Studies suggest that when people are recalling any sort of information, they do so by recollecting the beginning and end. Enough emphasis has been laid on the importance of a great first impression but seldom has been talked about the powerful ending. Learn how you can add a professional touch when it comes to concluding presentations with these easy steps.

Step-By-Step Guide On How To Conclude A Presentation

Giving your presentation an organized conclusion is something that most people don’t know about. It is very important to know how a presentation should end and there are different interpretations about it. Simply put, there are a few steps that need to be followed to ensure that your conclusion is as solid and persuasive as the rest of your presentation and make your slides memorable for the audience. Following these steps will help you tick off the presentation completion checklist and produce presentations that resonate with the audience, increase audience engagement, and retain their attention. 

Construct a Concise Summary

You have company if you struggle to remember what to say at the end of a presentation. Most people do not realize that an overall summary of the content is often the most fundamental part of an ending. There are a few points that you can take into consideration to create the perfect summary for your presentation, which mostly have to do with the basics of an ideal summary and how you can correlate your summary to your content. Take into note the following points to ensure that your summary hits the mark.

• Highlight the Main Points: You can cover a wide range of topics throughout your presentation, and reminding your audience what you spoke about just reminds them what they should take away. Repeat briefly what the few main points of your presentation were and how they relate to the main topic of your presentation. This could be done simply as “You will remember when we touched upon…” or, “I had mentioned earlier…”
• Give the Summary a Structure: Keep the summary very brief by keeping in mind that a summary is just a recap of what has already been presented, so it is important to know that this must not be as detailed as the presentation was. This is an easy but effective way to end a PowerPoint presentation. A way you could do this could be by trying to relate it to your introduction slide so that the audience feels that they came a full circle throughout the presentation.
• Avoid Information Overload: In addition to the previous point, it is best if you keep it brief as a presenter. The last thing an audience wants to hear in a conclusion is a detailed overview of the things that they just went over. Limit yourself to just the key takeaways rather than a story similar to what has already been presented to ensure an audience listens to you rather than tuning themselves out. 

A summary is necessary if you want to know how to conclude a presentation. However, if you are not able to create a summary slide by yourself, browse through our wide range of summary templates, where you can simply edit the text to cater to your requirements.

End on a Strong Note (Choose One)

While a summary ensures that your audience knows the key highlights of your presentation, it is equally important that your presentation stays memorable. An essential point on how to end and conclude your presentation is by giving it the conclusion it deserves. As touched upon in the introduction, an audience will often try to remember information in attempting to recall the beginning or end so try to make the end memorable even more important in the context of your entire presentation. Choose one of the following elements to inculcate in your ending to give it the wow factor. 

• Call To Action (CTA): A CTA gives the audience something to do after the presentation. This could be something as simple as visiting a social media page, signing up on a website, contacting the presenter for anything related to the presentation, or following up on a future presentation or event. This makes the audience an active part of your presentation rather than passive listeners and makes them feel included and involved, where they are participants rather than mere spectators. 
• Use More Quotes: When we talk about quotes we don’t mean the typical, overused “words of wisdom” that you see in every presentation. To go out on a strong note, quote someone relatable or relevant to your field; keep the quote as relatable as possible. Don’t go out of your way to find overly philosophical sayings that go over your audience’s head; instead, find something that gives your presentation a conclusion that speaks for itself.
• Questions that Make the Audience Think: Ask a rhetorical, thought-provoking question for which your audience must think back to your presentation for answers. Another way of doing this is by presenting your question at the beginning of the presentation and circling back to it by introducing the audience with enough information to answer it after the ending slide of the presentation. This allows you to make your presentation more interactive and helps you retain your audience’s attention. 

Anticipate What the Audience Will Ask

You could have presented the most clear and easy-to-understand presentation, and there is a chance that the audience will still have a few questions. However, this may not necessarily be bad as it could mean that you have created enough interest in a topic for the audience that they are curious to know more and understand your thought process. One of the most effective ways to conclude a presentation is by staying ready for any questions that the audience may throw at you and answering them with the same confidence and body language that you presented your slideshow with. 

• Think about Potential Questions: Showing your presentation to your colleagues or a focus group where you can understand what the audience may ask is a very healthy practice that any presenter inculcates for each presentation. There are many instances where the audience comes up with an unpredictable question that fazes the presenter and makes them change their attitude and body language. Ensure that you are prepared for all sorts of questions and prepare your answers effectively. 
• Prepare Brief Answers: Sometimes less is more when facing a question at the end of your presentation. This means that try to keep your answers as short and crisp as possible, as it shows how well-versed you are with the information and to keep your audience’s interest piqued. Practice on questions you have thought about to give you someplace to start, and think about how the audience will receive the answers to prepare accordingly. 
• Offer Resources: Due to many factors, there will often be times when you simply need help to answer certain questions. Plan according to the off-chance that this may happen with you and prepare a set of resources that you can offer to the audience if this happens to be the case, and you need to provide them with further information outside of the presentation.

Add Contact Details on the Ending Slide of the Presentation

This could be considered an addition to the CTA, but it goes without saying that your audience must know how they can reach out to you after the presentation. Present to them your phone number, email address, social media links, or any appropriate website links for audiences to reach out to. That said, give only a few contact details that may overwhelm your audience to the point of ignoring all contact details altogether; keep only the most relevant and necessary forms of contact available for your audience to rely on. 

If you are wondering how to conclude a presentation, keep in mind that providing your contact information is key, as it gives your audience a chance to get involved further than what they could with just a presentation by enrolling themselves in further activities or information, allowing them to retain more of what you presented. 

Thank the Audience and the Team

One of the last things that a presenter does is thank all parties involved for all their contributions. This begins with thanking team members – those who compiled the slideshow, those who went through the efforts to find the relevant data and information, and those who are direct team members. This is an easy and efficient way to acknowledge those who have been involved with a project and give them the credit that they deserve for the work that they have put in. 

Finally, thank the audience for their time, patience, efforts, and respect to ensure they feel seen and understood at the end of the presentation. This is an etiquette for appreciating them and their participation. To add to your visuals, add a Thank You slide that encompasses your brand identity. Interestingly, this can be combined with the Contact Us page to make it more streamlined and include all vital information in a singular slide.

Ending your presentation with a proper Thank You slide allows your audience to understand that you have reached the end of your presentation. It avoids any sort of confusion between the audience and the presenter. If you are looking for high-quality readymade thank you slide templates, browse our template catalog.

Additional Tips on How to Conclude a Presentation

After taking a look at the step-by-step guide on how to end a presentation slide, it can also help to keep in mind a few additional tips you can use to elevate your landing to another level and ensure that your audience finds it memorable and helpful. Here are a few ways to end a presentation and ensure that your slideshow becomes a hit with your audience.

1. Be Respectful of Your Audience’s Time

It is important to understand and respect that the audience has taken time out to see what you have to present, and the easiest way to do that is by ensuring you are not overstepping any bounds and are completing your presentation in the promised timeframe. This includes any post-presentation activities that you may have planned to engage the audience with. 

2. Ending With a Precise Meaning 

Ending a presentation can quickly become very awkward if you have not prepared how to close a presentation as it transitions into an abrupt silence or unplanned conversation. Be sure to include a definite ending to your presentation so that there is no confusion between you and the audience, and that lets them know you have concluded your presentation.

3. Come Full Circle at the End of the Presentation

This is an effective way to conclude a presentation, where you take the audience on a narrative journey and bring it full circle, in the end, to relate it to something you said in the beginning. This could be as easy as answering a question you laid out at the beginning or a simple quote that relates to the situation after the end of the presentation. This makes it seem like you have rehearsed and planned a complete conclusive presentation, which helps your reputation as a presenter.

4. Try to End On a High Note

This particular tip may depend on each circumstance and situation, but a presentation becomes a great medium wherein you can uplift and motivate your audience by leaving an empowering and encouraging message. While most topics lead to a positive message in the end by themselves, it is important to remember that at the end of every tunnel, there is light, and a presenter has the power to guide the audience toward the light. 

5. Use a Strong Visual Message

We are all familiar with the phrase “a picture is worth a thousand words,” which essentially means that an image can strike a chord with the audience in a way that words simply cannot. Use vibrant colors and themes, maintain an aesthetic, and include background images and other visual elements to improve the quality of your presentations and make them more memorable with your audience, as they are more likely to remember and recall a visual presentation rather than a boring, text-heavy presentation slide.

SlideUpLift’s Conclusion Templates You Should Try

Want to know how to conclude a presentation? You can choose from a variety of conclusion templates for inspiration or download them to use in your own slideshow. These templates allow you to present the main details of your presentation in point format and describe your findings efficiently. Keep in mind that the elements of these templates are completely editable, this means that the text, font, images, illustrations, icons, and color can all be customized as required by the user. They are all also fully compatible with PowerPoint and Google Slides.

Conclusion Slide PowerPoint Template

This template provides a neat and professional-looking blue-white theme that helps cover the three main points of the presentation. The light bulb illustration gives the presentation a concluding feeling, and the icons help illustrate the main points of the presentation. It can be used by users of PowerPoint and Google Slides.

Conclusion Lessons Learned PowerPoint Template

This is a visual-driven template that uses a five-point summary to cover the important findings or the key points of the presentation. The left side of the template shows a pencil broken down into five pieces, each in a different color, representing a different point. This template, which can be used in PowerPoint and Google Slides, is visually appealing and helps increase audience engagement. 

Blue Conclusion Slide PowerPoint Template

This is an image-themed template that presents a general takeaway from the presentation that can help the audience keep track of what was presented. This template has a blue color theme, as depicted by the shape and the title, which can be edited to cater to personal requirements. The image corresponds to the content and the shape gives the template an overall structure, which is compatible with PowerPoint and Google Slides.

Thank You Conclusion PowerPoint Template

This attractive template combines the features of a typical Thank You slide with those of a Contact Us page to provide the audience with more than what they would have otherwise gotten. The purple and white color theme is engaging but can be customized to suit brand or personal requirements. You can use this template for PowerPoint or Google Slides to cater to your needs.

To understand how to conclude a presentation, you must realize how important and overlooked presentation closures are and how reliant the entirety of the presentation can depend on how well-received the conclusion is. If the introduction of a presentation has to start with a bang, the conclusion must make the audience want more. It should rightly balance elegance and transition into that phase of the presentation where you give the most vitally important part of your content to close the gathering and acknowledge all those who made the presentation possible.

An ideal conclusion is like the backbone of a presentation which allows your audience to take time to understand and comprehend your content matter so that what you wanted to convey reaches them. Hence, keep in mind the importance of a conclusion and how to close a presentation with the various steps you can follow and the few additional tips that have been provided for your presentation to be remembered by the audience.

How do I end my presentation?

To begin wrapping up your presentation, start by providing a summary of the presentation and key points, and follow that up with one of the CTA, Quotes, or Questions. Anticipate what the audience may ask, and provide contact details that will let the audience reach out to you. Finally, thank the audience and your team for all their efforts and time.

What is the last slide of the presentation?

The last slide of the presentation is usually the Thank You slide. However, as per your content, you can change this to either a Contact Us slide or the first slide to bring the entire presentation into a complete circle.

Should I end a presentation with a joke?

Ending a presentation with a joke is a very situational instance, where you can afford to make a joke in a casual and informal setting with your peers. However, jokes may backfire with executives and team leaders in a more formal setting.

How can I make my presentation conclusion more memorable?

Using a quote or statistic, you can make your presentation conclusion more memorable. You can also tell a relatable story or anecdote while asking a thought-provoking question. Additionally, add visual elements to incorporate the message you are sending.

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How to End a Presentation? [Top 8 Strategies with Examples]

Guru - May 9, 2023 - Leave your thoughts. 9 min read

animaker deck , presentation , presentation ideas , Presentation Software , presentation tips

How you end a presentation is just as crucial as its opening. It can make or break the impression that you leave on your audience.

A strong conclusion can reinforce your key message and ensure that your audience remembers it even after the presentation is over.

A well-concluded presentation can leave your audience impressed, energized, and motivated to take action.

So now, are you wondering what’s the best way to conclude your presentation? Don’t worry! You have come to the right place!

To help you make a powerful ending to your presentation, we have compiled a list of 8 different strategies in this blog post.

Each of these strategies is designed to help you create a memorable and impactful conclusion to your presentation.

By choosing the most appropriate one for your presentation, you can ensure that your audience remembers your key message and feels motivated to take action.

Let’s jump right in,

1. Emphasize the core message 2. Mirror your opening statement 3. Pose an open-ended question 4. End with a Call to action 5. Thank the audience 6. End with a powerful quote 7. Acknowledge your contributors 8. Ask for feedback

1. Emphasize the core message:

One of the most important aspects of any presentation is ensuring your audience understands your core message.

Reiterating your main points and summarizing your message at the end of your presentation can reinforce this and leave a lasting impression.

It helps to ensure that your audience understands the purpose of your presentation and has a clear takeaway from the information you have provided.

In this video, the speaker restates her topic to conclude her speech firmly and gives a pause, resulting in tremendous applause from the audience.

Similarly, by restating your core message, you can also create a sense of cohesion and give your presentation a firm closure.

This can be particularly important if you want to motivate your audience to take action or influence their behavior in some way.

However, it's important not to repeat EVERYTHING you have said. Instead, focus on the most crucial elements and highlight them in a concise and clear manner.

2. Mirror your opening statement:

A great way to end your presentation is by mirroring your opening statement in your conclusion.

Highlighting your presentation's key message at the end and emphasizing the central idea you aimed to communicate will help your audience to retain it in their memory.

During the conclusion of the presentation, the speaker effectively utilized the technique of mirroring the opening example she had presented - ordering a pizza on the phone by herself.

The speaker demonstrated the remarkable transformation she had undergone in terms of personal growth and confidence, which strongly reinforced her message to the audience.

By mirroring her opening example, she created a sense of familiarity and connection with her audience while simultaneously driving home the key message of her presentation.

This technique allowed the audience to understand better and relate to the speaker's personal journey and the message she was conveying.

Similarly, you can also use this strategy to conclude your presentation. This can be particularly effective if you are trying to reinforce a specific theme or idea throughout your presentation.

3. Pose an open-ended question:

One of the best ways to conclude your presentation is to elicit a response from your audience using an open-ended question that can effectively engage them and make your presentation more memorable.

Look at how the speaker concludes her speech with an open-ended question in this video.

Similarly, you can also raise open-ended questions to help your audience look from a different perspective and encourage them to investigate more thoroughly on the information presented.

Most importantly, ensuring that your question is relevant to your presentation and doesn't detract from your overall message is essential when eliciting a response.

So make sure that you kindle your audiences’ thoughts and ideas with the open-ended question at the end. This helps create a good long-lasting impression of your presentation.

4. End with a Call to action:

One of the best ways to end your presentation is by concluding with a call to action slide.

Incorporating a call to action into your presentation can be a powerful way to encourage your audience to take the next step.

Whether it's signing up for a program, making a purchase, or supporting a cause, a clear call to action is essential to achieving your desired outcome.

Similarly, according to your type of presentation, you can include a relevant call to action.

For example, this might involve providing specific instructions or offering an incentive for taking action, such as a discount or free trial.

It's essential that you understand their pain points and make your call to action compelling. Ensure that your core message and the needs of your audience are aligned so that they are motivated enough to act.

5. Thank the audience:

At the end of your presentation, it's essential to recognize that your audience has taken time out of their busy schedules to attend and listen to your message.

Thanking your audience for their time and attention can create a positive impression and make them feel appreciated.

It's essential to make your gratitude genuine and sincere rather than a superficial gesture. For example, consider expressing your gratitude with a personal anecdote or acknowledging specific individuals in the audience.

This simple act of gratitude can also create a sense of personal connection and signal to your audience that the presentation has reached its conclusion, paving the way for future interactions with them.

6. End with a powerful quote:

One effective strategy to end your presentation on a high note is by leaving the audience with a powerful quote.

However, it's crucial to choose a quote that is not only impactful but also unique and relevant to your topic.

Using a commonly known quote may come across as unoriginal and irrelevant, losing the attention and interest of your audience in most cases.

In this presentation, Steve Jobs concludes his speech with an inspiring and powerful message, “Stay Hungry! Stay Foolish”. Thereby emphasizing that you should never stop learning, pursue more goals, and never stop being satisfied.

Similarly, in your conclusion, consider using a relevant quote to make an impact.

7. Acknowledge your contributors:

Another best way to conclude your presentation is by showing gratitude to your contributors.

For example, if you deliver a business presentation on behalf of a team or a department, it's essential to recognize the collective effort that went into creating the presentation.

The concluding moments of your speech are the perfect opportunity to acknowledge your team members' hard work and dedication.

You can express gratitude to your team as a whole, thanking them for their contribution to the presentation.

However, if you want to ensure that the individual efforts of team members are recognized, highlighting specific contributions may be a better approach.

Some examples include:

"Join me in giving a round of applause to my incredible team, who played a significant role in arranging this pitch deck."

"Finally, I would like to mention that my tech team experts provided me with insight into the technical nuances, and without their contribution, this presentation would not have been as informative as it is now."

"As I conclude, I want to express my gratitude to Mark and Serene from the Marketing team, whose assistance in gathering the data and designing the slides was invaluable."

By acknowledging individual team members, you are demonstrating your appreciation for their work and giving them the recognition they deserve.

This will not only make them feel valued but also motivate them to continue contributing to the success of future presentations.

So be sure to end your presentation with the required acknowledgment for all the contributions.

8. Ask for feedback:

You can conclude your presentation seamlessly by thanking the audience and asking for feedback from them.

Encouraging feedback from your audience can greatly benefit your future presentations. It allows you to understand how your message was received and how you can improve for the next time.

So, how can you gather feedback effectively?

Firstly, ask attendees to share their thoughts on your presentation after you finish speaking. This can be done by initiating a Q&A session or by approaching individuals directly.

Another option is to set up a QR code near the exit and ask people to scan and jot down their thoughts on the online form as they leave. This allows attendees to provide their feedback in a confidential and hassle-free manner.

Also, consider having a suggestion box for handwritten feedback notes or creating an anonymous online survey that links to your presentation slides. This method is beneficial if you want to gather feedback from a large audience or if you prefer to have quantitative data.

By actively seeking feedback, you show your audience that you value their input and are committed to improving your presentation skills.

However, this strategy does not apply to all the general presentations. So use this way of concluding your presentation where it makes more sense to you and the audience.

In summary, an impactful conclusion is vital to wrap up your presentation successfully.

Each of these strategies serves a unique purpose, and by combining them, you can create a conclusion that is both engaging and impactful.

By incorporating the 8 critical strategies mentioned in this guide, you can leave a lasting impression on your audience, ensuring that your message stays with them even after the presentation has ended.

Now that you have learned the pro strategies of how to end a presentation, take a look at this guide on “How to start a presentation” as well and nail your presentation from start to end!

If you are still uncertain about how to make a presentation from the ground up, we suggest checking out Animaker Deck - the world's first avatar-driven presentation software.

With over 40 distinct and creatively designed templates at your disposal, we are confident you will find it worth trying!

We hope this article was helpful. Do let us know your thoughts on which strategy worked best for you, and also suggest your own ways of ending a presentation.

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• Communication

Should You Use a Thank You Slide to End Your PowerPoint Presentation? (+Video)

It's easy to spend all your time on the intro and main body of your presentation. You're wrapped up researching statistics and data and prepping your slides to wow an audience.

But, have you ever considered how vital the conclusion might be? Many presenters automatically use a thank you slide for PPT as their conclusion. Is a thank you presentation slide the best way to conclude your presentation?

In this article, we'll discuss the use of thank you slides in PowerPoint. You might be surprised that it's not  always  the best way to close out a presentation. You'll learn how to design other slides to end your presentation in success. 

I'll also include top-quality premium templates that include slide layout options other than a thank you slide for your final slide.

Should You Add a Thank You Slide to PowerPoint? (QuickStart Video)

Are you ready to start learning about adding thank you slides in PPT? Watch this quick video to find out what you need to know before you create a thank you slide:

Or study the complete written tutorial below for more detailed information.

Check Out Our New Free Online Presentation Guide

Before we dive into our discussion on whether a thank you PowerPoint slide is good idea, we've got the resource for you! We'll take you through the complete process to get you ready for your next business presentation—from start to finish.

Don't miss our new free online presentation guide,  The Complete Guide to Making Great Business Presentations . It's chock full of powerful business presentation advice. It'll help you make your next business presentation your best yet.

Now, let's take a closer look at a thank you PowerPoint as the end slide.

What Is a Thank You Slide for PPT?

You'll see thank you slides at the end of many PowerPoint presentations. It's a classic way to show that your presentation is complete and thank your audience for their attendance.

A thank you slide for PPT is a good choice for the following hypothetical scenarios:

• At a celebration event, close out the presentation event by thanking the team for their contributions and hard work on a thank you slide.
• If you asked your guests to travel  to attend your presentation, a thank you goes a long way to showing gratitude for the extra time and expense.
• If your audience has assembled voluntarily,  like offering their time to help on a project, a thank you is a good idea to build momentum for the project. Close with a thank you to show real gratitude. 

But is it the best  way to end your presentation? We all know that many presentations end in thank you, and it often feels like the default option.

A thank you slide for presentations is often good enough. But there are usually better choices. Read on to find out more about alternatives.

When to Avoid a Thank You PowerPoint Slide

There's nothing wrong with expressing gratitude at every chance you get. But it might be better to avoid  thank you slides  in these situations:

• If you're delivering tough news like layoffs within the company or changes to benefit plans, saying thank you might feel insensitive. 
• If you want to engage your audience , a thank you slide for PPT might feel like a premature conclusion. Your audience might start to leave the meeting room before you're finished.
• If you're asking the audience to  do  something , then use your final slide to remind them of that ask. For example, ask them to finish their benefits enrollment or complete assigned training.

In the rest of this tutorial, you'll see smart alternatives to the traditional thank you PowerPoint slide. 

Should You Use a Thank You Presentation Slide?

As always, the answer is " it depends. " As you saw in the section above, a " thank you " PowerPoint slide doesn't fit the dignity of every situation. If you're wrapping up your presentation and want to show sincere gratitude, go with a thank you PowerPoint slide.

Most presentations should bypass using a " thank you " slide as the conclusion. In the section below, you'll see alternatives to a thank you slide for PPT as the end slide. Depending on the situation, these slides can create much more of an impact.

" Thank you " slides are often seen as weak. That's because they aren't asking  for anything from the audience. Often, it's better to write a conclusion with a call to action that encourages the audience to take the next step.

There's no universal answer to whether you should use a thank you presentation slide. But, don't default to it because you don't have ideas for a conclusion. Throughout the rest of the tutorial, you'll get ideas for creative conclusion PPT slides.

3 Alternatives to Thank You Slides for PPT

Presenters have plenty of choices when concluding a presentation. If you're feeling like the traditional " thank you slide " for PPT doesn't fit the content, here are some other options. 

The end slide can inspire your audience or action or create a dialogue with the right design. Let's look at alternative thank you PowerPoint slides:

1. The " Any Questions ?" Slide

When you're looking for ideas for the last side of a presentation, one approach is to involve the audience!

An " any questions " slide can help you engage an audience. It can start a dialogue and open the floor for a good discussion. 

Every presenter's worst fear is having an " Any Questions? " slide go unanswered from the audience. Here are three tips that can kick off a discussion with your audience:

• Ask for questions ahead of time . Send your audience some necessary details or concepts about the presentation and ask them to consider asking a question.
• Ask a question yourself.  Sometimes, it just takes a single ice breaker moment to kickstart a discussion. You could phrase this as, " One question you might be wondering after my presentation is... "
• Seed a question in the audience.  Ask a trusted friend to ask a question as an ice breaker.

On Tuts+, we created a complete guide to creating an " Any Questions? " slide. It's one of the many alternatives to thank you slides for PPT. Make sure to check it out if you're interested in this format:

" Thank you " PowerPoint slides are a definite end to a presentation. But asking for questions can start a conversation. Instead of an abrupt end, they give you a chance to engage. Use an " Any Questions " slide to reverse the traditional speaker/audience presentation structure.

2. The " One More Thing " Slide

Apple has always been known for dramatic reveals. They started the trend of holding events that tech enthusiasts would tune in for. Every event seemed to unveil a new generation of products that spurred purchases.

As CEO, Steve Jobs was a master of the dramatic. He always saved a big reveal for the  end of a presentation. He made the phrase " one more thing... " synonymous with Apple.

The twist was that this " one more thing " usually stole the show. After all the product reveals and new features, there was always one more product hiding behind the scenes. 

To delight your audience with a twist, save something as " one more thing " as the last slide of the presentation.

3. The " Start a Conversation " Slide

Presentations can serve as a launching pad for building a relationship with your audience. Use an effective conclusion slide, you can start a conversation.

Of course, you might not be able to start a conversation  while  you're in the auditorium or meeting room. The goal here is to continue the conversation with your audience in another arena.

At the end of a presentation, include your contact details for follow-up. This allows you to connect with the audience later.

Also, it helps to add speaking points about connecting outside of the presentation. Mention that you're looking for new team members or partners as you offer a way to connect.

How to Make a Closing Slide

In this section, we'll work to put our learning into action. Let's walk through creating several conclusion slides that are reliable alternatives to a simple thank you. You'll see that these slides might be better for your presentation, especially if you want to engage the audience. 

In this section, I'm going to use slides from a template on Envato Elements. This is an all-you-can-download service for creatives. It includes everything you need to create your best presentation. It even includes ideas for thank you slides for presentations. 

We'll work with the Agency Proposal PowerPoint template  from Envato Elements in this section. It features clean slides that work for almost any purpose. Use it to create alternatives to thank you slides for presentations.

1. How to Create an Any Questions Slide

An " any questions? " slide might start a great discussion with your attendees. And best of all, it requires very little work to design. When you create an " any questions? " slide, you've got one goal: don't distract your audience .

Slide 5 in Agency is the perfect option for this. Featuring just one text box, you can type over it with your catchphrase to spark discussion.

Your " any questions? " slide could be as simple as you want. It's more important to support it with the speaking points we mentioned above. Remember, sparking discussion with starter questions is the best way to launch a Q&A (question and answer) session.

2. How to Create a One More Thing Slide

The key to creating a " one more thing " slide is using animations as a presentation punchline. With the help of animations, you can reveal slide points one-at-a-time. 

To create suspense, the goal is to hide your crucial object until you're ready to share it. Building suspense is an art, and it's up to you to excite the launch without tipping your hat to specifics.

Let's say that we want to reveal an upcoming mobile app or website. It helps to show the product in the real world to build credibility and excitement. In this case, we'll use slide 21 to tell our launch story. 

First, let's slim down the slide. Delete the white smartphone mockup. Then also delete everything but the text headline.

Now, click on the image placeholder on top of the device and browse to a device screenshot. This brings your last slide of the presentation to life with a realistic view.

Finally, let's create a big reveal with animations on our key objects. Let's hold control on the keyboard, then click on the text headline and device mockup. Then, click on the  Animations  section on your menu and choose an animation effect. This will stage these objects onto the slide when you play it.

Learn all about PowerPoint animations for your closing slide in the post below:

3. How to Create a Start a Conversation Slide

Starting a conversation with your audience means leaving them with your contact details. Whether that's an email address or social media channel, you want to allow your audience to reach out.

Make sure to use a slide like the one below with contact details. It's best to list all your active platforms and social channels to create more connection points. Slide 1 in Agency is the perfect example of a design that works great for the end slide.

Don't forget that a presentation on the screen isn't all you need to continue the conversation. It's best to give your contact details on a printed product, like a handout or business card. 

You could even print the last slide in your presentation, with the help of our tutorial to print PowerPoint presentations:

The Best Source for Unlimited PowerPoint Templates (With Great Thank You Presentation Slides)

Earlier in this tutorial, you saw slides from a template called Agency . It features slides that are easily adjusted to thank you slides for your presentation.

It's one of the thousands of presentation templates that are included with a subscription to Envato Elements. This single creative subscription gives you an unlimited number of downloads to PowerPoint templates—and so much more.

Elements has everything you need to make an excellent presentation. That includes unlimited stock photos and graphics that can add interest to your upcoming PowerPoint presentation.

There's a template out there that can help you kickstart your designs. Try it out to create a thank you slide for your presentation—or one of the alternative slides you saw above.

5 Top PowerPoint Templates From Envato Elements

Envato Elements features a deep library of top templates. Here are five of the best PowerPoint designs that are waiting for your customizations:

1. Colorful PowerPoint Template

As you're wrapping up your presentation, finish with a splash of color. Thank you slides for presentations (or alternatives) should be eye-catching. This template helps you cover that with 32 unique slides—all vibrant and stunning in design.

2. Deas PowerPoint Template

There are several thank you slide for your presentation in this template. Use the five color schemes to create your best presentation yet. It's easy to update and has the stylish slides that are ready for 2020.

3. Lookbook PowerPoint Template

A lookbook is a great way to sample many ideas. With the Lookbook template, you've more than enough ideas for your PowerPoint presentation. Use these slide designs to conclude your presentation effectively. Clean and minimal slides are sure to draw your viewer's attention.

4. Collection PowerPoint Template

Here's another outstanding minimal design for your presentation. You've got 30 slides across five color schemes for a practically unlimited number of slide design possibilities. It also features the modern, custom shaped image placeholders that wow an audience. Conclude your presentation effectively with Collection.

5. Bears - PowerPoint Template

Rounding out our selections, Bears is a geometric-inspired presentation. Notice the impressively shaped image masks. Add your images to the placeholders to watch them come to life into custom shapes.

Build an Effective Last Slide of Your Presentation

"Thank you" slides for presentations can create a solid finish. They signal a clear end and show a sense of gratitude toward your audience. Thank you PowerPoint slides continue to be the most popular choice.

But, remember: a "thank you" slide for your presentation may not be the best choice . There are certain situations where they work perfectly as the last slide of a presentation, sure. But if you want to start a conversation or call your audience to action, choose another option.

With the help of a PowerPoint template, you've got pre-built " thank yous " for presentation slides. Don't forget to try out a template from Envato Elements if you want to use the perfect pre-built end slide. Why not download one today?

Editorial Note: This post was originally published in November of 2019. It's been updated and a video has been added by Andrew Childress .

Thank you speech: how to perfect cordiality in a speech

Appreciation is the sincerest form of flattery. It makes people feel seen, and their efforts feel recognized.

Any leader worth their salt knows that the key to winning the loyalties of their team is regular appreciation.

Giving a thank you speech is not just good manners but gives an insight into your character. The acknowledgement only works if it comes from the heart and rings genuine. 

So, how do you give a thank you speech? 

Let’s jump into it!

Table of Contents

When is it appropriate to give a thank you speech?

In a company, at an award function, for friends and family, structure of the opening statement, thanking the speakers after the event, thanking the organization, thanking the organization team, have you missed anyone, concluding your thank you speech, mention people by name, positive ending, get it over with.

You don’t really need an occasion to thank somebody. However, in a more formal setting, there may be occasions that specifically call for it. The following are the times when it is most appropriate to give a thank you speech:

• After getting a promotion
• After celebrating an achievement
• Appreciating your team after tackling a tough project
• When receiving an award or recognition
• When establishing a new venture

The list can go on endlessly as your field might have different occasions to give a vote of thanks. Make sure not to miss any opportunity to acknowledge the reasonable efforts of the people around you!

Things to keep in mind

When you’ve decided to give a thank you speech, you need to keep a couple of things in mind. This advice differs according to why you are giving a thank you speech and who is in your audience.

If your company is celebrating you for a milestone or recognition of hard work, make sure you don’t only talk about yourself.

Be generous with your words when talking about the company itself and the great work it does.

Elaborate on how much you enjoy working here and what exactly the company does the right to make it happen.

This will make sure your higher-ups feel appreciated for the work environment they’ve created.

If you are receiving an award by a third party for your work, make sure you adequately express how honored you will be selected.

It is always a good idea to highlight what a recognized organization it is and how you are happy to be a part of it.

If you’re giving a speech to thank friends and family, the setting is much more intimate. You can drop the formalities and talk about how special these people are to you.

As they have gone the extra mile to appreciate you, make sure you return the favor by talking about how lucky you are to have them and their support.

How to write a thank-you speech?

There is no need to beat around the bush with a thank you speech. You can simply start off by expressing gratitude.

An award or recognition means that you can simply open by thanking the company or organization for the honor.

You don’t need to come armed with quotes. In fact, that might actually seem much more disingenuous. Your opening statement also sets the tone for the rest of your speech.

Some factors might determine how formal or informal you need to be with your opening:

In a formal setting, it is best to keep it cordial. Assuming it is a suit and tie event, most people are dressed up and expecting you to keep it classy as well.

As such, we recommend you go for something along the lines of, “I’m so honored to be taking up this renowned stage. Words cannot express how grateful I feel to be the recipient of this award.”

An informal event can be anything from an intimate gathering of loved ones to anniversary parties of a broader range of friends.

In such an event, you can express yourself more freely and don’t have to hold back.

We suggest opening with something along the lines of, “I can’t believe my luck on being able to be surrounded by such wonderful people. I’m immensely 

grateful for each and every one of you and honored to be taking up the stage tonight.”

We have drafted a script for your opening statement. Feel free to customize it as per your needs.

Good evening, Distinguished [name], Honorable [name], Mr. Chairman, Respect Host/Hostess, and all our beloved guests.

It is my honor and privilege to have been given the opportunity to present a vote of thanks on this momentous occasion.

I am honored to represent [Company/Organization] on this prestigious [Event] stage.

I’d like to give a respectful nod to the entire [other supporting/sponsoring organization, team, crew, special guests present in the audience] that have stood behind me to make this possible.

My gratitude extends to all the speakers as well as organizers and hosts due to whom we’ve all come together on this eventful night.

Another possible scenario as a host is that you might have to thank the line of speakers that took up the stage during an event. Please find and customize the script for this as follows:

Let’s hear a big round of applause for [name speaker], His/her incredible delivery on [speech topic] leaves us all leaving this Event a little more aware. 

Pick up on the central theme and reiterate it as a reminder to the audience and to show the speaker that you were paying attention.

If there are more speakers, then follow suit and consider using these thank you examples:

I’d like to thank our second speaker [name speaker] for her take on [speech topic]. Her view on [central theme] was poignant and worthy of a big round of applause.

Furthermore, let’s also express a sincere appreciation for [name speaker] for gracing our stage with her strong opinions on [speech topic]. [Refer to central theme]

Following up, I’d like to thank [name speaker] for providing such an in-depth analysis of [speech topic]. [Reference]

We are grateful to [name speaker] for having the audience in stitches with her insightful yet light-hearted presentation. [Reference].

I would like to hear a resounding round of applause for [name speaker] for his/her inspirational speech that has surely revved up our drive to achieve more.

We are lucky to have the opportunity to listen to your craft and are leaving here today, all inspired by your beautiful words!

This script is for when you need to express appreciation for the organization that is holding this event. It is usually added to the end of a speech. Feel free to edit it as required.

And last but not least, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere gratitude to [organization] for allowing us to use their beautiful venue.

Our utmost thanks to the logistic support that made this Event the smooth success that it has been. Our appreciation further extends to the technical team and organizers who’ve worked tirelessly for this [fun] evening. 

In the case of sponsors: I would also like to extend my thanks to [brand name] as well as [brand name] for their enormous cooperation in making this Event possible.

Mix and match these various styles so that it doesn’t get repetitive as you speak. 

As they say, “Rome wasn’t built in a day.” Such is the case with this Event as well. There have been many people working for weeks across multiple group chats and meetings to make this possible.

Getting every detail right and lining up one after other fantastic speakers. Our biggest thank you to the dedicated organizing team for working on every tiny detail and helping create this amazing Event.

I cannot thank everyone enough for their involvement. Each and every one of you is to be credited for your dedication and the willingness to take on the completion outside the realm of their comfort zones! 

Read the room and decide the degree of the flair of formality that needs to be adjusted. People will be happy that their efforts are being recognized. Just make sure not to be too ostentatious about it.

The only thing that is worse than not being appreciated for your work is being singled out or left out.

Make sure you think hard about all the people that have put in their time and effort. Are you sure you haven’t missed anybody? How about anybody from the following list?

• People who sent out invitations
• Special guests who made time for the Event
• People behind the technical arrangements
• The team responsible for location hunting, stage setting and lighting
• Any musicians or other performing entertainers
• People in the catering team
• People from the press and media who are covering the Event

Now all your thank you speech needs is a neat bow to tie it up cleanly. Try this on for size:

Mr. Chairman, ladies, and gentlemen, I would like to thank all of you for being a wonderful audience.

It has been an absolute pleasure to have such a delightful crowd presence. Once again, I’d like to give a big round of applause to all of the speakers for gracing our stage with their well-refined speeches. One last round of applause for all of us here, thank you very much!

Extra Tips to Keep in Mind

While we’ve covered most of our tips, sometimes the simple things can get away from us. And you know what they say, “Better safe than sorry.” So here they are:

A handy tip for appreciation versus criticism is this: When acknowledging people for their good work, always use their name, however, when handing out criticism in front of a crowd, try to generalize as otherwise, you will end up embarrassing people. 

Instead of simply thanking your team, use their names if possible in the given time limit. This will make your appreciation seem much more personalized.

Make a list of all the people you’d genuinely like to thank. If you have time, briefly talk about how they’ve helped you in your journey.

Emphasize how important they’ve been and how. Speak from the heart, and it will definitely ring true.

For phrasing, try something along the lines of:

“From the bottom of my heart, I’d like to give a special thanks to some of the amazing people without whom I cannot imagine standing up here on this stage. Name your supporters and give out your sincere thanks.

If you have extra time, you might want to add in a few lines to thank your supervisor or boss as well. It is customary to make sure they don’t feel left out.

It can be challenging to achieve this as we’re sure any crowd consists of so many people that someone is bound to feel left out.

Your goal is, don’t leave out any of the higher-ups and the important people. But don’t start listing just about everybody just because they are in the crowd. This can reduce the impact of your gratitude for people who have actually helped you.

You’ve given your thanks to so many people who’ve made you who you are. The stage has gotten quite emotional at this point, and your audience is looking at you.

You need to end on a high note. If you simply say your thanks and leave, it can feel incomplete and lacking.

Try to say something inspirational and uplifting. Suppose you’re being recognized for your work.

In that case, you can give your team a motivational boost by saying, “The journey is not yet over, but I can’t imagine being on this ride with any team that is more dedicated or competent than the one at [name].

Let’s wear these tires out and keep this smooth ride going!”

You can also go for dedication to your strongest support or mentor. Something like, “And lastly, I want to leave you with the words of my strongest support, my [name].

When I was full of doubts and insecurities, they’re the ones who said [something inspirational].

This award is for you and your belief in me. I hope I’ve made you proud. Thank you for everything!”

We know, we know, this is your moment on stage. After all, this is such an honor, and there are so many people to thank.

But your audience is eager to get to the catering table! Be considerate, and keep it clear but brief. You don’t want to take the audience through your entire journey.

A good thank you speech is no longer than two and at most three minutes. Use your time well and remember: It is always better to leave them wanting more than getting them to be like, “Get it over with already!”

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How to write a thank you speech

With a short thank you speech sample and a printable planner

By:  Susan Dugdale  

A thank you speech or appreciation speech prepared and given with sincerity means a lot to those you acknowledge.

Dive right in. There's all the assistance you need on this page to write an excellent speech of thanks.

What you'll find on this page

• the types of occasions it could be good to have a thank you speech ready to give
• best practice and content suggestions to guide you step by step through writing a short thank you speech
• a short  sample thank you speech for an award (and a link to an example thank you speech for a 18th birthday party)
• a printable thank you speech planner to download
• links to thank you quotations you may like to use
• notes covering rehearsal and delivery   

'No man is an island'

When we achieve, we usually do so because others have helped. Your speech of appreciation is the gift or acknowledgment you give in return for what was given you.

When is a thank you speech appropriate?

Any time is good to say thank you! However, a more formal speech of thanks could fit any of these occasions.

• for coming to my graduation, farewell, birthday, or retirement party
• for the promotion
• for the award
• for coming to our wedding and your gifts, our engagement party, our 50th wedding anniversary
• for coming to the opening of my new business...

Be prepared! Best practice guidelines

Generally the decision to leap to your feet and give a thank you speech is not spontaneous. You will likely have some forewarning and time to consider exactly what you want to say and who you want to mention.

Deciding on the content

Cover these three content areas and you'll be fine.

• WHO are you thanking? Note their names in ranking order- the most important first.
• WHAT are you thanking them for? Be specific rather than general. Naming what you are grateful for gives your thanks more meaning.
• WHAT did their gift of time, expertise, encouragement, money... mean to you? Again, be specific. This is your chance to publicly give credit where it's due, to compliment, to praise. Take it.

Writing your speech

When you've sorted out who you wish to mention and what for, you are ready to begin writing.

Like any other form of speech you need 3 parts:- an opening, the body or middle where you put all your acknowledgments, and a conclusion.

1. Introduction/opening

In your introduction or opening give the reason for the occasion and why it is you're going to thank everyone. What you say, and how you say it, will set the tone for the remainder of the speech.

Depending on the number of people on your 'thank you/appreciation' list and the amount of time you have, consider including a small story about the lead-up making this event possible. A well-chosen personal anecdote will always go down well because it lets those listening share your experience more deeply.

Check out this page on story telling in speeches for more information.

In the body of your speech, start at the top of your list of people to thank and work your way through it. Take care to give the most important people the most time.

For those whom you want to mention but don't have enough time to make individual acknowledgments consider grouping them according to function.

Example: "To Alex, Mary, Judy and Sam, thank you for making me remember to laugh. You helped me keep my sanity and perspective when the going was tough."

3. Conclusion

In the conclusion, summarize your main points and finish.

Return to Top

A short thank you speech sample 

Here's a short example thank you speech for you to see how it could be done. There are many ways covering the required content. This is just one.

The person giving this speech is thanking an organization for giving him an award. 

It is 374 words long. When spoken it will take approximately 2 minutes + to deliver. That's about the right length. It's brief and covers everything needed.

As you read it through imagine hearing it out loud. 

Speech text

"Who's considered the incredible power and range of meaning in 'thank you'?  Those two words express gratitude, humility, understanding, as well as acknowledgement.

I am here with you: my family, many of my friends and colleagues because I need to say all of that, and then some more.

Thank you for coming to share my being given the Fred Smith Award for Community Service. It's very humbling.

There's a phrase I'm sure you know: it takes a village to raise a child. In this case it's not a child that's been raised but awareness and a long-needed community resource - the  Parksville Community Literacy Center.  The village behind it and me, is you.

In particular, thank you to my wife Marlene who has always understood and shared my conviction that communities are healthiest when its resources are equally shared, and that the ability to read underpins long term social and economic wellbeing.

I know the hours I spent after work helping to establish our new Center tested her, especially when I was home late, again.

Remarkably she continues to support, and love me.  For that I will always be grateful.

Mary Hill, Catherine Beech and Matthew Fall from the Fred Smith Foundation – thank you for sharing the vision of an integrated community and for being so incredibly supportive. You understood what we were trying to achieve and helped make it possible. Your generous gifts of time, expertise and funds are deeply appreciated.

This award may have my name on it, but in truth it belongs to everybody who has worked to make the center a reality. Have you got a spare day or two? If I called out all those people we'd be here for quite some time! Instead, I'll simply say thank you. You know who you are.

The time and effort you've given ensures that the Parksville people who want it will have access to effective literacy programs and resources. That is a priceless gift.  As Nobel Peace Prize winner former UN Secretary General, Kofi Annan said “Literacy is a bridge from misery to hope.”

Thank you for the award and thank you on behalf of all those who will cross that bridge to a brighter future." 

Here's another example. This one is a thank you speech for a birthday . The speaker is thanking their parents and guests for the celebration in honor of their 18th birthday. 

Thanks but NO thanks!

What I really need is a Thanksgiving Speech!

And it's here. Choose a theme. Complete the template. And give your Thanksgiving Speech with confidence.

Get a printable thank you speech planner

Regardless of whether you are preparing a thank you speech for the guests who came to your wedding, engagement, retirement, farewell, graduation or birthday party, the steps are the same.

This printable planner will guide you through the four needed. Each one is fully explained with an example.

Completing it will make writing your speech so much easier.

Either click the link or the image below to: download a printable thank you speech planner .

Use a quotation to help show your gratitude

Before you finalize the content, check out these 'thank you quotations' .

They offer different ways of expressing your gratitude. You could find just what you need to spark your creativity and provide the thread/theme to unite your speech. It can be so much more than a long string of thank you, thank you, thank you, thank you ...

Tips to help you get your thank you speech right

Rehearsal, practice and feedback.

Many people make the assumption that once they've got the words of their speech sorted, they're set to go.

That's not true! Practice completes the process.

Giving yourself several  rehearsals, firstly by yourself and then in front of  friends or family, will help enormously. Click the link for detailed information about  how to rehearse effectively .

For the condensed and shortened version covering good rehearsal practice follow the points below.

1. Content check

Before investing too much time and energy into rehearsing your speech say it through in front of a few trusted friends or colleagues.  It is much, much easier to change text prior to practicing it than after you've begun working with it. Ask them to listen:

• to make sure you've included everyone you should, in the right order and thanked them for the right things.
• for tone. Does the vocabulary fit the occasion? Are the stories right? Is the speech positive? Is it inclusive?

Edit as needed, and then have your test audience listen again. 

Getting the timing right is an essential part of making it a success. Go on too long and people stop listening. Be too brief and there's a danger you've missed things out.

The only way to find out how long your speech is, is to time yourself as you say it out loud at a normal speaking rate. If it's too long, look for areas you can cut. Maybe you need to group a few  more people together or perhaps you need to shorten some of the specific examples about why it is you're thanking someone.  If it's too short, add more detail.  Repeat until you get the length right.

If you'd like to check the number of words you have in your speech against how many minutes it will take to say them go to: how many words per minute are there in a speech .

3. Use cue cards

If you're at all worried about forgetting things, losing your place or muddling what you want to say, use cue cards. They'll take the anxiety away.

Write the main points of your thank you speech on cue cards. Good notes will keep you on track while ensuring you cover everything you want to like, for instance, the name of every person you want to thank and why.

(Click the link if you don't know about using or how to make cue cards . Cue cards are preferable to reading your speech.

However sometimes you just have to read because...for all sorts of reasons. If that's you, do it well. Find out how to read a speech effectively .)

Are you sweating over a business thank you speech?

One thanking your colleagues for a job well done?

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Thank You Speech After an Event

Thank you speech generator after an event.

As they say, “no man is island.” In any given occasion, there will always be people who exerted so much effort for its success. An event cannot be successful without people who devote their time and resources just to make sure everything is perfect. At the same time, people who attend and gather for the event are still very much a big part of its success. You may also see presentation speech examples & samples.

You feel like words are not enough to express the gratitude you towards everyone responsible for the event, but to those concerned, sometimes it is more than enough. You acknowledge everyone’s hard work and say a couple of thank yous to everyone involved from the organizers, laborers, decoration in-charge, waiters, etc. You may also like how to start a speech .

In fact, it is only right to publicly express your gratitude and let everyone know the roles and responsibilities everyone partook just to make the event a success. And you as the coordinator, host or recipient must highlight the key everyone played just to make the event happen. You may also check out speech examples in doc .

Preparation for a Thank You Speech

In general, this type of speech is not spontaneous. You will have knowledge about this beforehand. You will be given ample amount of time to consider what to say and how to exactly say what you mean. You may also see

A thank you speech is very much suitable for any occasion. It can be a birthday party, retirement get together, induction event, etc. Although reasons for an event may vary, you can always start by saying, “Thank you for coming to my event; Thank you for the award; Thank you for all your presents…”

It is important to keep these three content areas in your speech:

• These are the people you want to personally and publicly thank since they have an important role for the success of your event. Note that of their names in ranking with the first one as the most important. You may also like special occasion speech examples & samples.
• Avoid being general in your speech. State specific reasons as to what exactly are you thanking the person or group for. Aside from making your speech shorter this way, it also gives your speech more meaning.
• As mentioned before, always be specific. Explain how what the favor or gift meant to or how it helped you. This is you chance to compliment and/or praise them. You may also check out speech examples for students .

Conference Thank You Speech Sample

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Graduation Thank You Speech

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How to Write a Thank You Speech

Like any form of writing you need the basic three parts in your speech. Here’s how to write each parts of the speech:

1. The Introduction

Typically, this is where you explain the reason as tho why there is an event as of the moment. Just like in any writing, your introduction opens up your whole speech. This also where you typically greet everyone. In addition, you explain why there is a need for you to thank everyone. You may also check out leadership speech examples & samples.

In the introduction, you can always narrate a small story leading to the day of the event. Short stories that relate to the event help people understand your experience better. Aside from its entertainment value, it helps people relate and empathize with you and your experiences.

2. Body of the Speech

In this part of the speech, you slowly make your way into thanking the people who has helped you. Start by thanking the people on top of your list and make your way down to the last one. Always allot as much time thanking them according to their importance for you. But generally, always make time in thanking everyone. You might be interested in introduction speech examples & samples.

You can also add and insert quotations that directly relate to you or reflect the relationship you have with these people. Not only are quotations great filler, they also add sentimental value to your speech. It may sound a bit old school but it is just another way of expressing gratefulness.

3. The Conclusion

The conclusion basically wraps up your entire speech. This is where you summarize the entirety of your speech in the shortest possible way. You summarize the main points you have made during the speech and finish. You can also add some wise parting words and a compliment of you wanting to work with the same people again. Remember to always end your speech in a high note; reiterate how thankful you really are and wish everyone a good day or night. You may also see tribute speech examples & samples.

It is also very important to remember that generally thank you speeches are not as lengthy as you want it to be. It is best to not get carried away with your emotions and only include significant people in you list and then thank the rest as a group or as a whole.

Just like in awarding ceremonies like the Oscars, winning artists are only given a few minutes to receive, acknowledge and thank all the people for their award. Like what you see, artists usually bring a short list containing a list of people they want to publicly thank, so should you. You may also like motivational speech examples & samples.

Awarding Ceremony Thank You/Acceptance Speech Sample

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Welcome and Thank You Speech Sample

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How to Give a Thank You Speech

Although this type of speech is seldom spontaneous, you can have a couple of days even weeks to rehearse your speech; spontaneous speeches are more difficult. But sometimes even though you have rehearsed it, nerves always get in the way and get the best out of you. Here’s an easy guide how to flawlessly deliver your thank you speech:

1. Always be prepared

Even though you do not expect to be given the chance to express you thanks say in awarding ceremonies where you expect not to win, always prepare a short speech, just in case. You can never know when or where you’ll be given a chance to thank the important people in you life especially in events where you are actually a part of. You may also see steps in speech composition .

In this sense, there is no point in not preparing when you already know you are tasked to do the thank you speech at the end of you event. Just because you are familiar with the people you’re about to recognize does not mean you should not prepare. In order to avoid blabbering, always prepare your speech beforehand and practice, practice, practice.

2. Make a list

If you want to specifically thank and mention some people, make sure you do not forget the most important ones. Make a list to make sure you have all the right people to include in you message and that you have not forgotten anyone. Forgetting people like your assistant that has contributed and helped you so much, can cause offense and can be embarrassing in you end. Make sure you review and check you list. You may also like wedding speech examples & samples.

3. Thank everyone in the room

Although you already have a list of people you want to thank, you have to thank all the people present before anything else. Appreciate their presence and support in swift but sincere way. You can go like, “I appreciate all of you coming out, especially in this weather. I’m so grateful to have people in my life like you.” You may also check out how to conclude a speech .

4. In case you forget someone, send them a personal thank you

In a scenario where you forgot to thank someone special, apologize and send them something after the event. It can be distasteful and can hurt the person’s emotions when they know they’ve helped you be where you are. Send them a card or any gift, not only because you forgot to thank them publicly but because they done a good job and has helped you along the way. You might be interested in dedication speech examples .

Wedding Thank You Speech Sample

Size: 353 KB

Welcoming Thank You Speech Example

File Format

Size: 235 KB

Thank You Speech Tips

Here are some tips to make your thank you speech effective and flawless:

• Keep it short.
• Abandon formalities and intro, dive right into the speech.
• Tell 1-3 stories that highlight the successes of the past year.
• Talk about your hopes and dreams for the future.
• Write as if you are conversing with one person.
• End with a 1-2 line toast that summarizes your feelings.
• Don’t wait until the last minute before writing.
• Actually speaking is better than just practicing.
• Do it early at the party.
• Have something significant to say.
• Don’t be too verbose.

Inauguration Thank You Speech Sample

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Art Exhibit Thank You Speech Example

Size: 287 KB

In conclusion, a thank you speech helps you publicly express the unending gratitude you feel for those who have supported and helped you. It expresses your thoughts as to how you cannot be where you are now if not for these important people. Sometimes, you can only have a single shot at doing this so better do it right and actually try to do it right. You may also see speech templates and examples .

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After Trump’s Speech, It’s Absurd to Suggest He Can’t Be Beaten

Trump’s surreal, subdued, and unfocused address gave Democrats an opening to turn the tide of this campaign.

Donald Trump arrives to speak during the Republican National Convention at the Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on Thursday, July 18, 2024.

M ilwaukee— There can be no doubt that Donald Trump united the GOP delegates, alternates, and hangers-on who gathered at the Republican National Convention here on Thursday night to witness his presidential nomination acceptance speech , the culmination of an evening that also featured Hulk Hogan, Kid Rock and Dana White, the CEO of the mixed martial arts promotion company Ultimate Fighting Championship. Even the bedraggled supporters of Nikki Haley—who famously dismissed the former president as “ unstable and unhinged ” and announced that “I do not need to kiss the ring” of her rival for the party’s nod—went along with the former United Nations ambassador in offering Trump a “strong,” if humiliating, endorsement.

But there was something off about the night that was supposed to signal Trump’s triumph.

Everyone else did their part. Speaker after speaker hailed Trump as “a hero,” “a tough guy,” “a champion,” “a gladiator” and an “American badass.” The Rev. Franklin Graham announced , “Last Saturday in Butler, Pennsylvania, President Trump had a near-death experience. No question. But God spared his life.” When Trump recalled last week’s assassination attempt, he told the crowd, “I’m not supposed to be here tonight.” They responded , “Yes, you are!” But after that compelling moment, the expectation was that Trump would launch into an epic address.

That never happened.

Instead, Trump delivered a rambling 93-minute speech (by far the longest convention acceptance speech in history) that was strangely subdued—”much more muted than usual,” observed the Associated Press—and unfocused. The former president spun off in so many directions that the technicians running his Teleprompter struggled, without much success, to keep up with the twists and turns. The coherence and natural flow Trump brought to his acceptance speeches at the 2016 Republican National Convention in Cleveland and on the grounds of the White House in 2020 were long gone.

The official line on this year’s speech was that, after the traumatic events of last Saturday, the nominee and his team had decided to tear up his anticipated remarks and prepare a new kind of Trump speech. The candidate, we were told , was going to position himself as a unifier who was prepared to bring a divided country together.

But the speech didn’t deliver. Through much of the night, Trump spoke almost in a monotone, rarely raising his voice. There were some relatively poetic appeals woven into the text, including a section that read, “As Americans, we are bound together by a single fate. We rise together or we fall apart.” But, for the most part, Trump delivered a supremely self-congratulatory acceptance address, a “greatest hits” presentation cribbed from his similarly jumbled rallies. He even included the weird references to fictional serial killer Hannibal Lecter—”the late, great Hannibal Lecter. He’d love to have you for dinner”—that have caused actor Anthony Hopkins, who played Lecter in The Silence of the Lambs , to pronounce himself “ shocked and appalled ” by Trump’s admiration.

Of course, there was the usual slurry of gripes about the reelection race he didn’t win and the Democratic administration that succeeded him. And there were the even more usual lies, misstatements, and errors of fact—like the section of the speech where Trump congratulated Scott Walker on the “very nice job” he was doing as governor of Wisconsin, seemingly forgetting that Walker was ousted from that job six years ago.

Yet the crowd did not care. Trump was constantly interrupted by shouts of “Trump! Trump! Trump!” and “We love you!”

This was Donald Trump’s convention. And that was enough for him. Instead of reaching out beyond the hall to Americans who are still uncertain about his candidacy for a second term, the man who lost the 2020 popular vote by 7 million ballots was content to bask in the applause of the party faithful, welcoming and encouraging the adulation that was directed his way on the last night of a four-day love fest where speaker after speaker pledged absolute loyalty to his candidacy.

With his ego very much intact, Trump made it clear that he believed that he merited the applause. “I am the one saving democracy for the people of our country,” he announced early in the speech.

The Nation Weekly

In a narrow sense, Trump did have something to celebrate.

After a decade of having to wrestle with “Never Trump” Republicans who openly rejected him, and with the far greater community of “if it must be Trump, so be it” Republicans who grudgingly supported him, the alleged billionaire and convicted felon 34 times over finally had the leaders of the Grand Old Party precisely where he wanted them: cheering his every word with the bleary-eyed enthusiasm of the MAGA cultists he has encouraged them to become. Even when he didn’t deliver on the promise of a historic address, they acted as if he had.

This is the peculiar twist that the 2024 Republican National Convention has put on American politics.

There were few if any pretenses to traditional Republicanism, to the Grand Old Party, its history or its values. The loyalty of this convention was to a man, not a party.

That inside-the-bubble approach to politics gives Democrats, dispirited and in disarray because of the conflict over President Biden’s uncertain prospects, an opening that could prove to be politically consequential. They can speak, more loudly than ever, about the problem with a cult-of-personality politics that has very little vision for America beyond Trump’s recitation of 2016 and 2020 slogans: “Drill, baby, drill!” and “Close our borders!” and “I could stop wars with a telephone call.”

If Thursday night’s speech is any indication, the “vision thing” is going to be a problem for Trump once the convention ends and the home stretch of the campaign begins.

Gone are the days when Trump—whose personal favorability ratings stand at a dismal 42.2 percent in the Real Clear Politics survey of recent polls—could rely on the cohesive, if wrong-headed, Republican vision of former House Speaker Paul Ryan and similarly serious conservatives to fill in the blanks and secure his candidacy. Ryan, whose support was critical to narrowly winning the state of Wisconsin for Trump in 2016, wasn’t even at this year’s GOP convention—even though his hometown of Janesville is just 60 miles away from the Fiserv Forum.

Trump announced on Thursday night that he would be “a president for all of America.” But that made-for-TV appeal from a former reality-TV host doesn’t match reality. While this week’s Associated Press poll found that 70 percent of Americans—including 65 percent of Democrats—thought that President Biden should end his candidacy, a striking 57 percent of Americans—including 26 percent of Republicans and 51 percent of independents—also want Trump to exit the race.

We’re Getting These Murals All Wrong We’re Getting These Murals All Wrong

Feature / Robin D.G. Kelley

Why Are Presidential Assassins Such Sad Sacks? Why Are Presidential Assassins Such Sad Sacks?

Zack Budryk

By Withdrawing in Favor of Kamala Harris, Joe Biden Proves That Only the GOP Is a Personality Cult By Withdrawing in Favor of Kamala Harris, Joe Biden Proves That Only the GOP Is a Personality Cult

The reactionary prophet of silicon valley the reactionary prophet of silicon valley.

Chris Lehmann

Trump’s numbers in a race against the Democratic nominee, be it Biden or Vice President Kamala Harris, may tick up a bit in coming days. That’s predictable after a week where Americans have witnessed an assassination attempt on Trump, the selection of a vice presidential nominee, and a reasonably successful convention—as well as the apparent unraveling of Biden’s reelection bid.

But the fundamentals of the 2024 race were not changed by Trump’s address on Thursday night. The promise of a new message for his third campaign went unmet.

To win in November, Trump needs more than the support of the party loyalists who literally attached bandages to their ears in order to mimic the look of the former president, whose upper ear was injured in the assassination attempt. (“The ears are the bloodiest part,” Trump informed his audience on Thursday.)

In this deeply divided country, it will require an absolutely united Republican Party outside the convention hall, as well as the overwhelming support of independents who have traditionally leaned Republican. Yet Trump’s retread message is unlikely to wow the doubters who cast unexpectedly high numbers of votes for Haley when she was in the race, and even after she left it . And the longtime Republicans who might draw those swing voters into the fold— the Ryans and Mitt Romneys and Cindy McCains—were far from the convention hall in Milwaukee. They won’t show up for him on the campaign trail this fall. In fact, some of the most prominent of their number will very probably hit the trail for the Democratic ticket.

Former US Representative Adam Kinzinger, a former Republican rising star from Illinois, warns that Trump would “hurt anyone or anything in pursuit of power.” Kinzinger endorsed Biden weeks ago, and would almost certainly back a Harris-led ticket.

Losing Republicans like Kinzinger and Ryan, who now dismisses Trump as an “authoritarian narcissist” rather than a “conservative” and who promises to write in an alternative candidate, is a serious matter. These aren’t Never Trump adventurers who jumped off the Trump train before the 2016 election and never got back on. These are people who once campaigned for Trump and were critical to his success in the only partisan race he ever won.

The Republican Party that made Trump the president in 2016 is gone. It has been replaced over the past eight years by the Party of Trump that was on display in Milwaukee Fiserv Forum this week.

While the former president succeeded in uniting a convention, he did not unite a nation. He did not quell concerns about his extremist record on everything from abortion to cutting taxes for the rich. And his announcing, “The leader of the United Auto Workers should be fired immediately,” isn’t likely to garner much favor with workers who have come to recognize UAW President Shawn Fain as a determined. and strikingly successful champion of their interests.

Nor will Trump’s tepid and unsteady appeals to vague notions of unity be sufficient to cause Americans to forget the chaos and conflict that were associated with his presidency. Smooth words on a Thursday night in Milwaukee won’t calm those who are concerned by Trump’s recent talk of governing as a dictator , or diminish the threat posed by the Project 2025 scheme to remake the federal government in Trump’s image, and as a plaything for the plutocrats of Wall Street.

Trump did his victory lap this week. But the convention is now done, and the campaign—as confusing and uncertain and unwritten as it may remain—is on. It will not be easy for either party. Democrats are in for plenty of highs and lows. But it is absurd to suggest that Trump’s opposition lacks the openings it will need to win.

Beating Trump won’t be any easier than it was in 2020. But Democrats are better positioned than the pundits will tell you to run against the man and what has become of the Republican Party— because, while the GOP is now a cult of personality, the United States is not.

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MILWAUKEE — No one doubts that Donald Trump united the Republican delegates, alternates and hangers on who gathered in Milwaukee Thursday night to witness acceptence of the nomination of the Republican Party on a program that featured Hulk Hogan, Kid Rock and the CEO of the mixed martial arts promotion company Ultimate Fighting Championship . Even the bedraggled supporters of Nikki Haley – who famously dismissed the former president as “unstable and unhinged” and announced that “I do not need to kiss the ring” of her rival for the party’s nod – joined the former United Nations Ambassador in giving   Trump their “strong,” if humiliating, endorsement.

Speaker after speaker hailed Trump as “a hero,” “a tough guy,” “a champion,” “a gladiator” and an “American Bad Ass.” The Rev. Franklin Graham announced that, “Last Saturday in Butler, Pennsylvania, President Trump had a near-death experience. No question. But God spared his life.” When Trump recalled the assassination attempt, he told the crowd, “I’m not supposed to be here tonight.” They responded, “Yes, you are.”

So it went with a rambling, oddly subdued speech — “much more muted than usual,” observed the Associated Press. Through much of the night, Trump spoke almost in a monotone, rarely raising his voice. The crowd didn’t care. Trump was constantly interrupted by screams of “Trump! Trump! Trump!” and “We love you!”

By any and every measure, this really was Donald Trump’s convention and he was basking in it, welcoming and encouraging the cheers, embracing the adulation on the last night of a four-day love fest where speaker after speaker pledged absolute loyalty to his candidacy.

And Trump made it clear that he thought that he deserved it all.

“I am the one saving democracy for the people of our country,” the candidate announced early in a long and congratulatory acceptance speech.

After a decade of having to wrestle with “Never Trump” Republicans who openly rejected him, and with the far greater community of “If It Must Be Trump, So Be It” Republicans, who grudgingly supported him, the alleged billionaire and multiply-convicted felon finally had the Grand Old Party where he wanted it: cheering him with the bleary-eyed enthusiasm of the MAGA cultists he has encouraged them to become. 

This is the twist that the 2024 Republican National Convention has put on American politics.

There are no longer any pretenses to traditional Republicanism, to the Grand Old Party, to history or to values. The loyalty is to a man, not a party. And that gives Democrats, dispirited and in disarray because of the conflict over President Biden’s uncertain prospects, an opening. They can speak, more loudly than ever, about the problem with a cult-of-personality politics that has very little vision for America — beyond Trump’s recitation of 2016 and 2020 bumber sticker slogans: “Drill Baby Drill!” and “Close Our Borders” and “I Could Stop Wars With a Telephone Call.” Of course, there was the usual slurry of gripes about the reelection race he didn’t win and the Democratic administration that succeeded him. And there were the even more usual errors — like the section of the speech where Trump repeatedly gave shoutouts to the governor of Wisconsin, Democrat Tony Evers, who wasn’t present. 

The vision thing going to be a problem for Trump once the convention ends and the campaign begins.

Gone are the days when Trump — whose personal favorability ratings remains dismal: 42.2 percent, in the Real Clear Politics survey of recent polls — could rely on the coherent, if wrong-headed Republican vision of former House Speaker Paul Ryan and similarly serious conservartives to fill in the blanks and secure his candidacy. Ryan, whose support was critical to narrowly winning the state of Wisconsin for the GOP in 2016, wasn’t even at this year’s GOP convention–despite the fact that his hometown of Janesville is just 60 miles away from the Fiserv Forum where Trump announced on Thursday night that he would be “a president for all of America.”

For his part, Ryan has announced that he won’t be voting for Trump in 2024. The same goes for Utah Senator Mitt Romney, Ryan’s president running mate on the party’s 2012 presidential ticket. Trump’s former Vice President Mike Pence, who survived the wrath of Trump backers when he rejected their efforts to overturn the results of the 2020 election, now says, “ It should come as no surprise that I will not be endorsing Donald Trump this year.”

But that made-for-TV appeal from a former reality-TV doesn’t match reality. While this week’s Associated Press poll found that 70 percent of Americans – including 65 percent of Democrats – thought that President Biden should end his candidacy, a striking 57 of Americans – including 26 percent of Republicans and 51 percent of independents – want Trump to exit the race.

Trump’s numbers in a race against the Democratic nominee, be it Biden or Vice President Kamala Harris, make tick up a bit in coming days. That’s predictable after a week where America have witnessed an assassination attempt on Trump, the selection of a vice presidential nominee and a successful Party convention – as well as the unraveling of Biden’s bid.

But the fundamentals of the 2024 race have not changed. To win in November, Trump needs more than the support of the party loyalists who literally attached bandages to their ears in order to mimic the look of the former president, whose upper ear was injured in the assassination attempt. It will require as absolutely united Republican Party outside the convention hall, as well as the overwhelming support of independents who have traditionally leaned Republican. Yet, the Republican Party that appealed to those slightly swingy voters is no more. And the long-time Republicans who might draw them into the fold – the Ryans and Romneys and Cindy McCain’s — were far from the convention hall in Milwaukee. They won’t show up for him on the campaign trail this fall. In fact, some of the most prominent of their number will very probably hit the trail for the Democratic ticket.

Former U.S. Rep. Adam Kinzinger, a former Republican rising star from Illinois, warns that Trump would “hurt anyone or anything in pursuit of power.” Kinzinger endorsed Biden weeks ago, and would almost certainly back a Harris-led ticket.

Losing Republicans like Kinzinger and Ryan, who dismisses Trump as an “authoritarian narcissist” rather than a “conservative” and promises to write-in an alternative candidate, is a serious matter. These aren’t “Never Trump” adventurers who jumped off the Trump train before the 2016 election and never got back on. These are people who once campaigned for Trump and were critical to his success in the only partisan race he ever won.

The Republican Party that made Trump the president in 2016 is gone. It has over the past eight years been replaced by the Party of Trump. And, despite the fact that the former president has united a convention in Milwaukee, this is not the party of a united American electorate. There is plenty of dissent and division, much of it a reaction to Trump’s extremist record on everything from abortion to cutting taxes for the rich. To be sure, Trump tried to position himself as a more moderate and appealing contender in his acceptance speech Thursday night. But his appeals to XXX won’t cause Americans to forget the chaos and conflict that were associated with his presidency. Smooth words on a Thursday night in Milwaukee won’t make Trump’s recent talk of governing as a dictator, or diminish the threat posed by the 2025 scheme to remake the federal government in Trump’s image and as a plaything for the plutocrats of Wall Street.

Trump did his victory lap this week. But the convention is now done, and the campaign – as confusing and uncertain and unwritten as it may remain – is on. It will not be easy for either party.

But it is absurd to suggest that Trump’s opposition lacks the openings it will need to win.

Beating Trump won’t be any easier than it was in 2020. But Democrats are better positioned that the pundits will tell you to run against the man and what has become of the Republican Party — because, while the GOP, is now a cult of personality, the United States is not.

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RNC recap: With Day 4 over, that's a wrap on the Republican National Convention in Milwaukee

It was the final day of the 2024 Republican National Convention .

Former President Donald Trump made his long-awaited speech Thursday night after being officially nominated as the GOP presidential candidate in the November election against President Joe Biden.

It came just days after he was shot in the ear during an assassination attempt at a campaign rally Saturday in Pennsylvania.

Here's the Journal Sentinel's live coverage from Thursday:

Watch Milwaukee Journal Sentinel's RNC replay of Thursday night's session, including Donald Trump's speech

Former Gov. Tommy Thompson officially ends RNC in Milwaukee

After Trump gave his long-awaited acceptance speech, and once thousands of red, white and blue balloons dropped onto delegates below, there was one final step to close out the Republican National Convention.

That was making the final motion to adjourn. And Trump's campaign extended the honor to former Republican Gov. Tommy Thompson, a fixture in Wisconsin politics for decades.

Though many delegates had started leaving Fiserv Forum, the camera panned to Thompson standing with the Wisconsin delegation. Thompson moved to adjourn, Republican National Committee chair Michael Whatley adopted it and the convention was officially over.

(12:45 a.m.)

— Hope Karnopp

Trump needed to 'liven it up a little' during speech, says RNC guest

Scott Evorik now has two Republican National Conventions under his belt.

Evorik — a city councilman in Crown Pointe, Indiana — attended his first RNC in Cleveland in 2016, when Trump was just beginning his transformation of the Republican Party.

Milwaukee's convention was a much better show than Cleveland's was, Evorik said.

"The lineup of speakers this week has been 10 times better," he said.

Only one thing felt a bit off about this convention, he said: Trump's keynote speech.

Trump "was too soft tonight," Evorik said, standing outside Fiserv Forum as Trump wrapped up his 93-minute address. "He was trying to be a little sentimental after what happened Saturday."

Evorik understands why the former president struck a different tone, just days after he survived an assassination attempt. Still, he would've liked to see more of the old Trump. 

"Liven it up a little," Evorik said. "Get the party going."

(12:40 a.m.)

— Genevieve Redsten

Gold Star brother is hopeful Vance will bring fresh perspective

Army specialist Nick Idalski was just 23 when he was killed in combat during a 2005 tour of duty in Iraq. 

This week, his older brother, Steve Idalski, was among the Gold Star families at the RNC. 

As the convention wrapped up late Thursday night, Idalski was in good spirits, standing outside Fiserv Forum. He felt particularly hopeful about the GOP's vice presidential candidate, Marine Corps veteran and U.S. Sen. JD Vance.

As a veteran, Vance has "seen it; he's more in tune; he knows what's going on," Idalski said.

Idalski believes American politicians should understand what it really means to deploy troops to foreign conflict zones. They shouldn't be starting wars they don't plan to finish, he said.

Idalski said he appreciated the sober tone of Trump's keynote speech Thursday, which he saw as a display of humility.

"I think the No. 1 characteristic of a great leader is humility," he said.

(12:35 a.m.)

Lone protester greets delegates exiting convention

As delegates trickled out of Fiserv Forum during the final hours of the RNC, a lone protestor greeted them with a large banner condemning Trump.

Nadine Seiler, a woman from Waldorf, Maryland, traveled to Milwaukee for the convention specifically to protest the Republican Party's platform and Trump's nomination.

People passing behind her got a view of the message on her T-shirt, warning of "Trump's Project 2025." The set of policy goals developed by the Washington, D.C. think tank The Heritage Foundation proposes sweeping changes, including altering personnel rules to ensure government workers are more loyal to the president, according to the Associated Press.

Trump has distanced himself from the project, which is run by several top appointees from his previous administration.

“I want to shame the people who are attending this convention,” Seiler said. “I’m shocked that somebody of that character is somebody who anyone in America will elevate.”

— Claudia Levens and Maia Pandey

This is It drag performers impersonate Republicans on final night of RNC

Donald and Melania Trump made an appearance at Milwaukee's oldest gay bar Thursday night. 

No, it wasn't actually them. Local drag performers impersonated them at This Is it in parody of the game show "Match Game," or as it's popularly known on the show Ru Paul's Drag Race, "Snatch Game." 

Performers also impersonated Republican congresswoman Marjorie Taylor Greene and conservative internet personality Candace Owens as a way to poke fun at the RNC and its party's anti-LGBTQ+ rhetoric. 

A performer dressed as the former president entered the bar in an orange prison jumpsuit, lip-syncing to the song "Prisoner" by Miley Cyrus. The performer held a bandage to their ear, then used it to wipe their brow until their Secret Service agent whisked them off the stage.

Performer-Owens entered the bar in a red, sequined dress to the song "Jesus Take the Wheel" by Carrie Underwood, while performer-Greene entered to a remix of Rep. Jasmine Crockett's "bleach-blonde, bad-built, butch body" insult. 

Throughout the gameshow, the performers riffed on the Republican Party's discomfort with the LGBTQ+ community. For example, the host asked what three homophobic people should do after entering a bar, and performer-Owens insisted they should stay. At another point, Trump seemed confused as to why so many people tweeted peach emojis at him. He thought it stood for "I'm peach" while the host tried explaining people were calling for impeachment. 

Performer-Greene repeatedly proclaimed their love for Trump, and performer-Trump repeatedly denied knowing her. Meanwhile, performer-Melania huffed a Sharpie because she was "busy trying to feel something." 

The show drew about 60 people, including a woman in a red T-shirt that said "Make American Gay Again." 

"Our intent is to entertain and encourage lightheartedness and laughter," said This Is It general manager Darnell Watson. 

(11:58 p.m.)

— Kelly Meyerhofer and Quinn Clark 

String ensemble serenades passersby during final hours of RNC

Across the street from Fiserv Forum, in the final hours of the RNC, the Black String Triage Ensemble serenaded passersby with classical music.

The group, an all-volunteer orchestra of Black and Latinx musicians , set up an eight-person string ensemble on the corner of North Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Drive and West Highland Avenue.

Dayvin Hallmon, music director and founder of the group, said it performs at scenes of civil unrest or in the immediate aftermath of shootings. On Tuesday, Columbus, Ohio, police shot and killed a man who lived in an encampment west of downtown Milwaukee.

“The goal is to use music to address the grief and trauma of civil unrest, to use music to hold off violence from occurring for anybody,” he said.

The group closed its set with the song, “Nobody Knows The Trouble I’ve Seen,” a Black spiritual, the type of song Hallmon called, “the bedrock of American music.”

(11:53 p.m.)

— Maia Pandey and Claudia Levens

'Thank you, Wisconsin': Trump's speech ends after about an hour and a half

Trump's speech is now the longest nomination acceptance speech in the modern era, stretching over an hour and a half, Bloomberg said.

The previous record was broken by Trump in 2016.

Closing his speech, Trump remarked, "Thank you, Wisconsin, and God bless America."

At 76 minutes and counting, Trump’s speech is now the longest nomination acceptance speech of either party in the modern era. The previous record? Trump in 2016. Latest updates: https://t.co/wkTAW5xVA3 pic.twitter.com/ZFVk94ZFxt — Bloomberg (@business) July 19, 2024

(11:14 p.m.)

Trump puts Ron Johnson's graphic on center stage during RNC acceptance

In his acceptance speech Thursday night, Trump detailed what happened during the assassination attempt Saturday. 

"I was discussing the great job my administration did on immigration at the southern border," Trump said. "Behind me, and to the right, was a large screen that was displaying  a chart of border crossings under my leadership . The numbers were so amazing.

"In order to see the chart, I started to like this turn to my right. And was ready to begin a little bit further turn, which I'm very lucky I didn't do, when I heard a loud whizzing sound and felt something hit me really, really hard, on my right ear. I said to myself 'Wow, what was that? It can only be a bullet.'

"The amazing thing is that, prior to the shot, if I had not moved in my head at that very last instance, the assassin's bullet would have perfectly hit its mark."

(10:57 p.m.)

Dozens gather to watch Trump's speech at Major Goolsby's

As the sun set on the RNC in Milwaukee, several dozen people hunkered down in Major Goolsby’s, 340 W. Kilbourn Ave., to watch Trump address delegates just blocks away. The customers, locals and out-of-town visitors alike, cheered as Trump took the stage.

Brookfield residents and married couple Linda and Nick Russo said they drove into the city to get as close to the convention center as possible without having credentials to the event.

“We’ve never had an RNC here, and it probably will be the last time in my lifetime that we do,” Nick Russo said.

He said some of the performers and speakers before Trump, such as professional wrestler Hulk Hogan, were “not expected,” but he enjoyed Eric Trump’s speech.

Several patrons said they noticed a more somber tone to the former president’s address, especially in the wake of the assassination attempt against him.

Hillsdale College student Michael Rupe said he noticed “a humility you don’t usually see from the guy.”

“Anyone who has been that close to death understands how frail human life is,” Rupe said. 

Some patrons built friendships across the aisle on the last day of the RNC. Around three hours before Trump's speech, Tim Skaleski, a Democrat and Biden supporter, was grabbing food at the Third Street Market Hall when he met a Republican who supports Trump and is also named Tim.  

Over drinks, the two bonded, then made their way to Goolsby’s to watch the speech and observe the atmosphere. 

“It’s important people know that Democrats and Republicans can come together, have old fashioneds and have fun,” Skaleski said.

(10:38 p.m.)

Trump gives Milwaukee, Packers a callout in acceptance speech

Trump gave Milwaukee and Wisconsin a shoutout in his speech. 

"A very special thank you for the extraordinary people of Milwaukee," he said, before noting that the Wisconsin delegation is "easy to spot" as they waved their cheeseheads in the air.

Trump added that Wisconsin is going to have "a great team this year," referring to the Green Bay Packers. "Most of the audiences didn't like it, but it's true," he added.

Trump is looking to win back Wisconsin, a crucial battleground state, after losing it to Biden in 2020 and carrying Wisconsin in 2016. 

"And by the way, Wisconsin, we are spending over $250 million in creating jobs and other economic development all over the place. So I hope you'll remember this in November and give us your vote," Trump said. "I am trying to buy your vote.

(10:21 p.m.)

— Hope Karnopp and Mary Spicuzza

Trump honors man who was fatally shot during assassination attempt

Prior to his highly anticipated speech at the RNC, Trump paid respect to the man who was fatally shot at his rally Saturday.

Corey Comperatore, 50, was the former fire chief of Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania. His helmet and uniform with the word “Buffalo” affixed to it were placed on stage as Trump arrived to give his speech. The former president kissed Comperatore’s helmet before calling for a moment of silence.

Comperatore worked as a project and tooling engineer, was an Army reservist and spent many years as a volunteer firefighter after serving as chief, according to his obituary.

According to the U.S. Secret Service, he was shot and killed at a Trump rally Saturday after 20-year-old Thomas Matthew Crooks opened fire on Trump and the crowd, injuring the former president and two others.

(10:24 p.m.)

— Drake Bentley

Meet the Trump supporters sporting ear patches

Outside the RNC in downtown Milwaukee, a new fashion accessory was taking off — ear patches.

“I put it on to honor Trump,” said Zachary Lansdowne of Washington state, who first put the patch on Tuesday. “The man’s willing to stand in front of extreme danger to do the job we need him to do and I respect that, so it's a tribute.”

Trump is wearing an ear bandage at the convention after a bullet grazed his ear Saturday during a campaign rally in Pennsylvania. In the days that followed, convention-goers started sporting their own patches of gauze, cotton or napkins.

(10:06 p.m.)

— Rachel Hale

Trump accepts GOP nomination 

Trump formally accepted the Republican presidential nomination Thursday, on the final day of the GOP convention.  

"I am running to be president for all of America, not half of America, because there is no victory in winning for half of America,” Trump said in the beginning of his acceptance speech. 

Unity was a leading theme in Trump’s address, rewritten in the wake of the assassination attempt against him over the weekend. 

— Savannah Kuchar, USA TODAY

Hulk-a-mania ran wild at the RNC

Hulk Hogan delivered a WWE-worthy style promo during the final night of the 2024 RNC in Milwaukee that had the crowd on its feet as he called Donald Trump his hero.

It was classic Hogan, the wrestling icon from the 1980s and 90s, and even delivered his famous tagline before ripping off his shirt to feature a Trump and JD Vance shirt.

"Let Trump-a-mania run wild brother, let Trump-a-mania roll again. Let Trump make America great again."  

(9:44 p.m.)

— Christopher Kuhagen

Who was the little girl sitting on Trump's lap?

Another one of former Trump's grandchildren has taken the spotlight during Thursday's RNC event.

Carolina Dorothy Trump, the youngest child of Eric and Lara Trump, was seen sitting on the former president's lap while her dad gave his remarks.

(9:40 a.m.)

Melania Trump arrives at RNC

Former First Lady Melania Trump has arrived at the RNC.

It’s Melania’s first public appearance at the convention.

She took her spot with Trump’s family at 9:09 p.m. in the stands at Fiserv Forum ahead of her husband’s acceptance speech.

(9:13 p.m.)

— Chris Kuhagen

Who's sitting next to Donald Trump at the RNC? Jason Aldean, Eric Hovde and more

Trump was flanked by some notable names as he took his seat at Fiserv Forum to take in the final night of the RNC on Thursday night.

Among those sitting with him was Wisconsin U.S. Senate candidate Eric Hovde and country music star Jason Aldean and his wife, Brittany Aldean.

Trump entered the arena well before he was scheduled to formally accept the nomination on the stage later Thursday night, taking a seat in a box above the stage.

(8:44 p.m.)

— Alison Dirr and Mary Spicuzza

Democrats charter plane, buy billboards to remind Wisconsin voters about Republican abortion policies

The Democratic National Convention will spread its message Friday morning by plane, highlighting accomplishments by the Biden administration.  

The group chartered a plane to fly over Milwaukee, reading, "Trump: Ban Abortion, Punish Women," according to Addy Toevs, a Biden-Harris campaign spokesperson.  

A set of 16 new billboards will also go live at 8 a.m. in preparation for the departing Republican delegates and convention attendees. They'll highlight how the Biden administration worked to cap the price of insulin for those on Medicaid to $35 per month, created 180,000 new jobs in Wisconsin and provided student loan relief for thousands. 

The billboards will be in both English and Spanish, and will be placed along major highways throughout the city. 

The marketing is meant to show that Democrats are continuing to invest in Wisconsin, while Republicans "dine and dash," Toevs said.  

(8:38 p.m.)

— Laura Schulte

Communist group denounces Trump and Biden, attracts few spectators

In a demonstration that drew few spectators, a national communist organization called for a "revolution" to abolish the United States' political and economic systems. 

About a dozen people from the Chicago chapter of Revcom Corps demonstrated in Haymarket Square Park around 7 p.m. Thursday. They were the only group to show up to the north side protest zone that day, according to security staff. 

Revcom Chicago spokesperson Leo Pargo lamented the lack of political activism at the RNC. The crowd of roughly 20 people were mostly reporters. 

"Just to be frank, this protest zone is empty," he said. "And it's been empty all week. You know, this should be teeming with people who can't stand what Republicans are doing, stripping away the right to abortion, the virulent support for police brutality that they have."

Pargo said Revcom opposes Trump's policies, but also Biden's, including his handling of the Israel-Hamas war. 

"The whole damn system has to go," Pargo said. "We're saying Trump, Biden — they're not the only choices." 

The group ended the demonstration by burning an American flag. 

(8:28 p.m.)

Makers' market celebrates 'joyful rebellion' against RNC

Two miles south of the RNC, Milwaukee residents trickled into The Cooperage Thursday night for a market offering a break from the nonstop politics taking over downtown Milwaukee. More than a dozen local artists and business owners set up booths with their merchandise, while a DJ spun music for the attendees. 

The free event was hosted by the Great MKE Block Party , which has curated over 50 events “in acts of joyful rebellion during the week of the RNC."

Vendor Liz Koetting, who co-edits a queer-focused zine , said: “People in my community are stressed about people who vote against our rights coming into our city. It makes the city feel like not a safe space.” 

Two attendees, cousins Kylie and Maureen McFadden, said they've been avoiding downtown and the RNC. They showed up to bring business to a part of town they love, knowing that most around the city aren't getting the increased business promised by local officials.  

They weaved between a number of vendor booths set up, including Alicia Clark's booth, selling laser-cut jewelry and sun catchers as Lux Candela Studio . 

Clark said she plans to donate a portion of her proceeds to Street Angels , a local group that supports Milwaukee County’s unhoused population. The events of Tuesday — when five police officers from Ohio shot and killed a man living in a tent encampment near downtown — are fresh in her mind.

“Because the unhoused population has been so affected by the RNC in so many ways, between displacements and disconnection from resources, I thought they could use some extra help this week," she said.

(8:27 p.m.)

RNC takedown already underway as sun sets over Milwaukee

Vendors and food carts are packing up shop ahead of final speeches. The inner perimeter is mainly empty as delegates, guests and media pack into Fiserv Forum to hear Trump’s remarks Thursday night.

(8:20 p.m.)

Country star Jason Aldean headlining a private RNC party in Milwaukee

The RNC will host its biggest music act yet as it plans to close out the convention with a performance by country star Jason Aldean at Potawatomi Casino Hotel.

Reince Priebus, chair of the RNC host committee, told the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel Thursday that the singer would be performing at a party the committee is throwing after the RNC ends Thursday night.

Aldean and his wife, Brittany, have been spotted in the front row of Donald Trump's VIP box.

(7:34 p.m.)

— Jordyn Noennig

Wisconsin billionaire Diane Hendricks speaks to RNC about path to success

Billionaire Wisconsin businesswoman Diane Hendricks told the crowd at Thursday's RNC about her path from growing up on a Wisconsin dairy farm to running the biggest roofing supply company in North America.

"I'm living proof the American dream is possible through hard work and determination," she said to applause.

Hendricks is the co-founder of ABC Supply, the largest wholesale distributor of roofing supplies and a major distributor of siding and windows in North America. She started the Beloit-based company in 1982 with her husband, Ken, and has been the chairwoman and sole owner since his death in 2007.

"We risked everything we had to start that company. Today, ABC supply employs over 22,000 Americans," she said. 

(7:22 p.m.)

— Mary Spicuzza

Donald Trump returns to the RNC for his big night

Donald Trump returned for the final night of the Republican National Convention in downtown Milwaukee.

Trump arrived earlier than the other three nights, but Thursday night is a big night for him — he's scheduled to deliver his speech accepting the Republican nomination for president.

As with every night, he walked in to a standing ovation, loud applause and cheers shortly after "Y.M.C.A." blasted through Fiserv Forum.

(6:58 p.m.)

Transgender Milwaukeean wears U.S. Constitution to spark conversations outside RNC

Hannah Tahtinen, of Milwaukee, sparked conversations with passersby outside the RNC the way Tahtinen knows how — through performance art.

A giant replica of the U.S. Constitution hung across Tahtinen’s front. It was a way of making Tahtinen, a transgender, nonbinary person, more approachable, they said. In their hands was a sign saying, “Which side are you on?”

“I think it helps disarm people who might think, because of the way I present as a transgender, gender-nonconforming person, that I am the enemy,” Tahtinen said. “This (Constitution) is as much a document that protects me as anyone else, no matter what political affiliation you have.”

Tahtinen believes people have more in common than they might think and wanted to spark conversations and call attention to people’s cognitive dissonance, including around trans issues. 

“If you don’t know a single trans person, it can seem like some ideology, some movement, some scary thing,” Tahtinen said. “I think Republicans are using that to their advantage, to use fear and the fear of the unknown, the fear of someone who may be a stranger to them, to drive people to the (ballot) boxes.”

Over three hours Thursday morning, Tahtinen said they drew a range of responses, some cold, some heartwarming. Some asked to take pictures with them.

(6:27 p.m.)

— Gina Lee Castro and Sarah Volpenhein

Protesters meet with police outside Hyatt

After hearing from the family members of D’Vontaye Mitchell and Samuel “Jah” Sharpe, Jr., protesters at Red Arrow Park marched to the Hyatt hotel, where Mitchell was killed by security guards last month. 

Protesters arrived around 6 p.m. to find dozens of officers from multiple agencies guarding the hotel. After pausing outside and chanting Mitchell’s name, the protesters headed back without any confrontations with police.

Family members of Mitchell said they would keep protesting until seeing charges against the four guards who held down Mitchell with their knees on his back. Police referred four charges of felony murder in Mitchell’s death to the Milwaukee County District Attorney's Office, which has not made a decision.

“No one should be comfortable until some arrests and charges have been made,” said Latrisa Giles, Mitchell’s cousin. 

Family members of Sharpe said police didn’t give enough time for Sharpe, who had multiple sclerosis, to turn around before shooting and killing him Tuesday. His sister, Angelique Sharpe, asked whether anyone would want police to intervene the way they did if their own family member was in such an altercation. 

“There’s no way you would want a situation to be escalated like that that did not have a gun,” she said. 

(6:14 p.m.)

— Rory Linnane and Genevieve Redsten

Wisconsin delegation busts out cheeseheads at RNC

The cheeseheads were out in force for the final night of the Republican National Convention in Milwaukee. 

The Wisconsin delegation kicked off the convention wearing cheeseheads, the legendary Milwaukee-made foam headpieces. But they did take them off for the national anthem, with at least one delegate holding his cheesehead close to his heart.

The cheesehead was first worn by Ralph Bruno at a 1987 Milwaukee Brewers game. He used foam from inside his mother’s couch to cut it into a triangle, burned some holes into it and spray-painted it yellow.

In 2023, the Green Bay Packers acquired the company that now manufacturers the iconic hats, Foamation.   

(6:02 p.m.)

— Mary Spicuzza and Drake Bentley

Usha Chilukuri Vance dined in the Tosa Village, but business typical otherwise in west suburbs

Usha Chilukuri Vance, wife of GOP vice presidential candidate U.S. Sen. JD Vance, dined Wednesday afternoon at Le Rêve Patisserie & Café, bar manager Chris Paape told a Journal Sentinel reporter. Secret Service scoped out the restaurant ahead of her visit, he said.

While a waitress who served Chilukuri Vance declined to share what dish the vice presidential candidate’s wife chose for lunch, Paape said Secret Service agents didn't order any food themselves.

Lion's Tail Brewing Company, 8520 W. North Ave., was packed Monday and Tuesday nights, but quiet Wednesday, two employees told a Journal Sentinel reporter.

Discover Wauwatosa partnered with the hotels in the community to put together welcome gifts to place in guest rooms for their arrivals, said Beth Gleesing, tourism specialist for the City of Wauwatosa.

Two employees at hotel Twenty-Three03, formerly the Radisson Hotel, said they were in from Florida to staff the hotel that's hosting Alabama delegates. The hotel and the adjacent Jimmy's Island Grill and Iguana Bar closed months ago, but reopened to host around 150 convention guests before it will shut down permanently, multiple sources told the Journal Sentinel.

In Brookfield, the Utah delegation planned for lunch at WhirlyBall Brookfield Thursday afternoon.

— Bridget Fogarty

Here's how to watch Trump's speech at RNC tonight

Tonight is the final and much anticipated night of the 2024 Republican National Convention in Milwaukee.

The main event, of course, will be Trump, who will deliver a speech for the first time since Saturday's assassination attempt at a rally in Pennsylvania. He'll accept the nomination as the Republican candidate for president.

The event began at 5:30 p.m. and ends at 10:30 p.m. Thursday's theme is "Make America Great Once Again,."

Here's how you can watch Thursday's RNC coverage and who will deliver speeches .

(5:53 p.m.)

— Caitlin Looby

Does Trump still think Milwaukee is a 'horrible city'? Riverside Theater asks the question

It's the fourth and final day of the RNC, and that means one of Milwaukee's historic landmarks has one last message for visiting Republican delegates.

This week, the Riverside Theater marquee has become known for its quippy yet informative messages spotlighting why the Cream City is so great.

Thursday's message from the Pabst Theater Group read: "So, Milwaukee... Not so horrible, eh?"

(5:49 p.m.)

When is Trump speaking at the RNC tonight?

On the heels of an  assassination attempt against Trump , the announcement of his vice president pick and a packed week at the Republican National Convention , many are awaiting Trump's speech Thursday night at Fiserv Forum to wrap up the fourth and final day of the convention in Milwaukee.

Here's what we know about Trump's speech accepting the Republican nomination for president:

(5:30 p.m.)

— Claudia Levens

Former Gov. Tommy Thompson wants to see Trump rally in Milwaukee or Madison

Former Wisconsin Gov. Tommy Thompson said he wants to see Trump hold a rally in Milwaukee or Madison this year — or his hometown of Elroy, he joked. 

One of the four principles he tells candidates is that they should campaign in Madison and Milwaukee. "Republicans don't do that," Thompson said. 

U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson told the Journal Sentinel earlier Thursday afternoon he'd like to see Trump hold a rally in Milwaukee. 

Thompson said he's "never seen the party this united" in his 60 years of being a Republican, and he's never seen Democrats "so unorganized and disjointed as they are today."

"Democrats cannot win the presidency, and I think we're going to carry Wisconsin," he said.

(5:15 p.m.)

Host Committee Chairman Reince Priebus on businesses

For months, the MKE 2024 Host Committee hyped how the convention was going to be good for the city and local businesses. But when the convention arrived, some businesses were hoping for more of an impact.

“In some places, the impact was enormous,” said Reince Priebus, Host Committee chairman. “In other places, depending on the situation, where the businesses are located, where the delegates are located, that all plays a role in it.”

Priebus added he wants “nothing more than everyone to make as much money as possible.”

Priebus said the Host Committee held several events and parties in restaurants in the leadup to the convention.

“The real thing here I think that is important for everyone to understand is that there are some businesses that made a lot of money,” Priebus said. “Some wish they made more.”

Priebus said this convention is like an audition for future events to come to Milwaukee.

“The future potential conventions here, whether it be WrestleMania or All-Star games, or whatever it is, is that this is a good destination city to come to and have your event,” Priebus said. “The real money isn’t just this event. The real money is all the future events that are going to come here. And they’re not going to have all the security to deal with either.”

Priebus said he’s received universal praise for the convention.

“I’ve gotten zero negative comments about either the organization, the city or the events,” Priebus said.

After the convention business in Fiserv Forum is over, the Host Committee is having a party at Potawatomi Casino Hotel featuring a Jason Aldean concert.

“That’s our baby tonight,” Priebus said.

(5:13 p,m.)

— Ricardo Torres

Rally for Samuel Sharpe and D'Vontaye Mitchell begins in Red Arrow Park

Over 100 people, including dozens of journalists, have gathered at Red Arrow Park in Milwaukee to remember Samuel “Jah” Sharpe, Jr., who was shot and killed in Milwaukee Tuesday by police officers who were in town from Ohio for the RNC. 

They're also remembering D’Vontaye Mitchell, who died June 30 after being held down by four security guards outside the Hyatt Regency hotel in downtown Milwaukee. 

The Milwaukee Alliance Against Racist & Political Repression, which was involved in organizing the Coalition to March on the RNC and held a vigil for Sharpe Tuesday, called for the rally at Red Arrow Thursday. 

More than 30 police officers were at the park as the rally began. The Milwaukee Police Department had a softer presence at the Coalition’s march Monday. 

Many residents have decried local officials for allowing Republicans to hold their national convention in Milwaukee and welcoming a heavy police presence.

(4:58 p.m.)

— Rory Linnane, Genevieve Redsten

Did gay dating app Grindr crash during the RNC?

Are hookups on the rise during the RNC this week?

According to Google search trends, that's been one of the hot topics on people's minds in Milwaukee, particularly regarding gay dating app Grindr , which has seen a flood of unconfirmed reports that it's continually crashing during the convention.

But what's really happening on Grindr this week?

(4:55 p.m.)

— Rachel Bernhard

Is Elon Musk speaking at the RNC tonight?

Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla and X, has made some big moves supporting Trump in the past week.

On Saturday, less than an hour after the attempted assassination of Trump, Musk posted on X that he "fully" endorses Trump's presidential campaign. A few days later, Musk reportedly committed to donating $45 million a month to a political action committee backing Trump's reelection, according to the Wall Street Journal .

The billionaire's public support of the Trump campaign has ramped up public speculation of whether he might speak at the final night of the RNC, when Trump will formally accept the GOP nomination.

Will Musk speak at the convention Thursday night?

(4:48 p.m.)

— Maia Pandey

U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson wants to see Trump hold a rally in Milwaukee

Could Trump be back in Milwaukee sometime soon? 

Asked where Trump should hold his next rallies in Wisconsin, U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson says he's told Trump and his campaign that they "ought to come in and do a rally right here in Milwaukee."

"Milwaukee is a melting pot," Johnson told the Journal Sentinel on Wisconsin Media Row Thursday afternoon. "Come here because President Trump wants to be, and was, the president for every American. He lifted everybody up."

Trump has so far held rallies in Green Bay, Waukesha and Racine this year. 

Johnson also praised the bipartisan effort to bring the RNC to Wisconsin. 

"From Mayor Johnson to Gov. Evers to myself, we all wanted the exact same thing: a great event, so that everybody leaving here has got a really great impression of Milwaukee and Wisconsin," he said. 

Like Vos, Johnson agreed that if Biden were to exit the presidential race, it wouldn't change Republicans' strategy much.

Ahead of Trump's acceptance speech tonight, Johnson said Trump's "life was spared for a reason. I'm sure he wants to put it to very good use."

"Trump said he had a humdinger speech. I'm sure he would have loved to deliver it, we probably would have loved to hear it," Johnson said. "But he set that aside, he wants to have a speech talking about unity."

(4:40 p.m.)

Popular YouTuber Alex Stein's antics got him thrown out of the RNC. Find out what he did.

Right-wing comedic YouTuber Alex Stein was thrown out of the RNC Tuesday.

RNC organizers decided to remove Stein, who runs the YouTube channel "Prime Time with Alex Stein," after he interrupted a video interview between Piers Morgan and Cenk Uygur, host of "The Young Turks."

In the video, Stein stuck his head around Uygur’s camera yelling: “Cenk is transgender, Cenk is transgender.”

Uygur immediately called Stein one of the “lunatic Republicans” while still on with Morgan.

Videos of the incident went on to get millions of views on X, formerly known as Twitter, as well as other social platforms.

It was totally worth getting kicked out of the RNC just to crash @piersmorgan and piss off @cenkuygur pic.twitter.com/ckULFq8P9Z — Alex Stein #99 (@alexstein99) July 17, 2024

(4:29 p.m.)

— Erik S. Hanley

Vos hasn't talked to Trump this week, said he's 'always open' to it

Wisconsin Assembly Speaker Robin Vos said he hasn't yet spoken with Trump this week, but said he's "always open to it." 

"We had talked about trying to get together. But obviously, with everything that happened on Saturday, security's been tighter, his schedule has been more crazy, so he's got better things to do," Vos told reporters at Wisconsin Media Row Thursday afternoon. 

Vos endorsed Trump earlier this year , but the state's top Republican didn't always want to see Trump as the nominee . Vos has sometimes become a target of the former president, including facing a Trump-backed primary challenger. 

Asked how confident he was that Republicans will win Wisconsin in November, Vos said he's been "in Wisconsin long enough to not be overconfident. Every election is decided by a razor-thin margin."

Vos expressed support for JD Vance and said his personal story will resonate with voters. He said if Democrats replace President Joe Biden as their nominee, it wouldn't affect Republicans' efforts to compare the four years under Biden to Trump's time in office. 

"I think no matter who the Democrats put (in), they're not going to change the policies," Vos said. 

Vos said he's probably talked to people from half of the country this week and "the only thing they have said is positives."

"We all know living here that 'Wisconsin nice' is real, but we are now proving it to the rest of the world that the people who live here love our country, and they are also super-hospitable, no matter what their political beliefs are, " Vos said.

(4:20 p.m.)

WWE takes over the RNC with Kid Rock, Linda McMahon, Hulk Hogan and Kane all in Milwaukee

Donald Trump has a long history with the WWE. In fact, he's in the company's Hall of Fame .

So it's probably not surprising that the 2024 Republican National Convention in Milwaukee where Trump was officially named the GOP nominee for president again earlier in the week has turned into a WWE reunion.

Three members of the WWE family — Kid Rock, Linda McMahon and Hulk Hogan — will be featured on the final night of the RNC Thursday at Fiserv Forum and another one — Glenn Jacobs (known to wrestling fans as Kane who is now the mayor of Knox County in Tennessee) — has been involved in the convention events.

Great to have ran into my friend and strong conservative freedom fighter @Linda_McMahon today! pic.twitter.com/d5ZN4wRWR7 — Glenn Jacobs (@GlennJacobsTN) July 17, 2024

Protesters clash with Trump supporters

Anti-Trump filmmakers and protesters on Thursday afternoon got into an extended altercation with Trump supporters outside the Hyatt Regency hotel, 333 W. Kilbourn Ave., next to an RNC security checkpoint.

The confrontation lasted about 45 minutes and involved several heated exchanges and some slurs between both groups. There was no observed fighting and no apparent injuries.

One person involved in the incident, dressed as Uncle Sam, stole a flag from anti-Trump protesters, which provoked frustration from the protesters and led to some taunting and heated exchanges.

At least 50 police officers observed the altercation, but didn't intervene.

People in vests with the words "Community Relations Services" on them eventually dispersed the groups. 

(3:45 p.m.)

— Kathryn Muchnick and Jolan Kruse

State Rep. Scott Allen proud of RNC as he watches avidly from Waukesha home

Like millions of Americans across the country, state Rep. Scott Allen has closely watched the events and highlights of the RNC from his Waukesha home.

From this position roughly 20 miles away from the hub of activity, there are no security zones to wade through, no traffic jams, no parking challenges and, in light of last weekend's assassination attempt against Trump, no potential threats to witness.

But Allen, the 97th Assembly District's representative since 2014, feels involved nonetheless, and, more than that, comfortable as the week unfolded. The five-term Republican is also proud of the Milwaukee connection and the focus it brings.

"I have been paying attention to conventions and involved in the party for decades," Allen said. "The big difference that I see in this convention ... and it might be because it's here in Wisconsin, but it also might be related to the incident that occurred this weekend, is that everybody is interested in it. Even the last convention (in 2016), it wasn't like that. I'd say, maybe one out of 10 people I talked to were paying attention.

"Part of it is because it's right in our hometown, and we're kind of proud of that."

The convention has also given him a chance to learn more about JD Vance, who Trump announced Monday as his vice presidential running mate. "I think he's a grand representation" of the party's future, Allen said.

(2:45 p.m.)

— Jim Riccioli

Milwaukee County Executive David Crowley doubles down on support for Biden

Milwaukee County Executive David Crowley stopped by Media Row on Thursday to talk about finding unity within the Democratic Party around the selection of President Joe Biden as the nominee. He said disagreement in the party “speaks to the level of democracy that we have” and called it a “family feud,” but pushed for Democrats to continue “staying the course.”

“As long as we keep talking about President Biden, if he's fit, I think that's a distraction from us as Democrats really bringing home the issues at hand,” Crowley said, reiterating the support he offered for Biden at Demcorats’ counter-programming this morning.

He said those calling for Biden to step down should realize “we really don’t have too many choices at the end of the day” and that the most important job is “to defeat Trump.”

“We have to look at this as a machine. It’s not just voting for President Biden, we're also voting for Vice President Kamala Harris, we're also voting for many of the appointees who have been doing great work on behalf of this administration,” Crowley said.

Even before the fallout over the debate, polling showed Biden has an enthusiasm problem in Wisconsin: Those very enthusiastic to vote overwhelmingly support Trump, 61% to 39%, according to the most recent Marquette Poll. 

Crowley said Democrats “have to focus on turnout” to win the election and credited their win in 2020 to their ground game and “robust get-out-the-vote effort.”

“As long as we continue to focus on that, and the issues that people are talking about at the kitchen table, we're going to see another win this upcoming year,” Crowley said.

(2:35 p.m.)

Hispanic voters are 'the new Republican Party,' Florida congressman says

In the lower level of the Iron Horse Hotel, 500 W. Florida St. in Walker's Point, the Hispanic Leadership Coalition of the American First Policy Institute hosted dozens of Hispanic leaders from all over the country. 

U.S. Rep. Carlos Gimenez, R-Florida, said Republicans and Hispanics share "the same values," referring specifically to a strong sense of family and faith.

"More and more of us are becoming Republican, and more of us also, even though they maybe independent, are voting Republican," Gimenez said. 

At the event, there was finger food, drinks and maracas with the phrase "vota por tu futuro!" — which translates to "vote for your future!"

Gimenez said, in 2016, his district was won by Democrat Hillary Clinton and eventually swung Republican when he was elected in 2022.

"I think Donald Trump has a really good chance of winning Miami Dade County," Gimenez said, adding that it has historically been a Democratic county. "That shows you what's happening not only in in Miami Dade County but what's happening in the Hispanic community ... around this country."

Gimenez, who was born in Cuba, said the coalition of conservatives and Hispanic conservatives will help win elections for Republicans. 

"The Republican Party needs to do more outreach to Hispanics," Gimenez said. "That will be the new Republican Party." 

(2:30 p.m.)

Kid Rock arrives in Milwaukee, warming up at Fiserv

Singer and rapper Robert James Ritchie — better known as Kid Rock — posted a video on X Thursday afternoon, saying he’d just arrived in Milwaukee, writing, “RNC 2024!! Tonight!!” 

Although the official schedule for the last day of the convention doesn’t yet list a musical performance, a TMJ4 reporter posted a video of him rehearsing at Fiserv Forum, complete with patriotic lights, backup musicians and a visible “Trump Vance” sign. NBC News in Chicago reported him as performing at 9:03 p.m. Thursday. 

Michigan-born Kid Rock made his name in the music industry with the release of his album “Devil Without a Cause” in 1998, since making music that mixes hip hop, rap and country genres. His most listened-to song on Spotify is “All Summer Long,” which he released in 2008. 

He’s leaned into conservative politics in recent years, aligning himself with former Trump’s causes . Recently, he donated $50,000 to an online fundraiser for “supporters and families wounded or killed” in the Saturday shooting at Trump’s rally in Pennsylvania. 

In his video on X, he said he’s in Milwaukee “to support our tried and true, red, white and blue, 100% American badass president.” 

(1:40 p.m.)

— Madeline Heim

Milwaukee Public Market business picking up

Activity at Milwaukee Public Market appears noticeably busier during Thursday’s lunch hour compared to the same period Tuesday.

Executive Director Paul Schwartz said both Wednesday and Thursday are better days compared to earlier this week. Some of that is tied to more business from first responders, he said.

Operators of two Milwaukee Street restaurants — Cubanitas and Brunch It Up — made similar comments.

(1:05 p.m.)

— Tom Daykin

Former Wisconsin GOP congressman Scott Klug impressed with Vance's speech

Former Wisconsin Republican congressman Scott Klug stopped by Wisconsin Media Row Thursday afternoon to talk about JD Vance’s Wednesday night speech.

“I think he really came across more so than I expected as a full-throated Midwesterner,” Klug said, adding he was “impressed” by the speech.

Vance formally accepted his nomination as the GOP vice-presidential candidate Wednesday. During his speech, he said the moment was about “all of us,” including the “auto worker in Michigan, wondering why out-of-touch politicians are destroying their jobs” and “the factory worker in Wisconsin who makes things with their hands and is proud of American craftsmanship.”

Trump is hoping the Ohio senator and “Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis” author can appeal to voters in rust-belt states.

“It just seems to me like a real moment and, if he plays like that on the campaign trail, he’ll be an asset throughout the sort of Upper Midwest, from Pennsylvania to Ohio, Michigan and Wisconsin,” Klug said. “I think that's why they picked him.”

(12:55 p.m.)

Melania, Ivanka Trump will be at RNC Thursday night, reports say

Ever since the start of the convention, political observers from both parties have wondered: Where is former President Donald Trump's wife, Melania? And where's his daughter and former adviser, Ivanka?  

Now, it looks like Milwaukee can expect to see both Melania and Ivanka on its final day.  

USA TODAY, citing unnamed officials, reported Thursday that Melania Trump will be in attendance when her husband formally accepts the GOP’s nomination tonight and is expected to be seated in the family box at the RNC. Officials didn't provide additional details of her arrival, or say whether she would speak to the delegates. 

Meanwhile, Eric Trump, son of the former president, told Tony Dokoupil of "CBS Mornings" that both Melania and Ivanka Trump will be at the RNC in Milwaukee Thursday. 

“They’re coming in full force and effect, so they’ll certainly be here,” Eric Trump said.

(12:30 p.m.)

— Jane Park  

Who's speaking at the RNC Thursday? Who are the RNC speakers tonight?

The final official session of the convention, in which Trump will accept his nomination as the Republican candidate for president, begins at 5:30 p.m. and ends at 10:30 p.m. 

Here's the list of speakers for the final night of the convention:

5:30 to 6 p.m.

• Sen. Steve Daines (Montana)
• Rep. Richard Hudson (North Carolina), chair of the National Republican Congressional Committee

6 to 6:30 p.m.

• Diane Hendricks, co-founder of the Beloit-based ABC supply
• Linda McMahon, former administrator, Small Business Administration
• Mike Pompeo, former Secretary of State

6:30 to 7 p.m.

• Pastor Lorenzo Sewell of 180 Church in Detroit
• Steve Witkoff, real estate investor, landlord and longtime friend of Trump , and Zach Witkoff

7 to 7:30 p.m.

• Alina Habba, Trump's attorney
• Tucker Carlson, former host of "Tucker Carlson Tonight" on Fox News

7:30 to 8 p.m.

• Hulk Hogan, professional entertainer and wrestler

8 to 9 p.m.

• Franklin Graham, president and CEO of the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association
• Eric Trump, Trump's son
• Dana White, CEO of Ultimate Fighting Championship

9 to 10:30 p.m.

• Former President Donald Trump

The north protest zone has been mostly quiet

Haymarket Square was empty of protesters Thursday morning. Staff with Milwaukee's Office of Community Wellness and Safety and local firefighters milled about the park, which is available for demonstrations from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m.

"It's better to have and not need than need and not have," said Community Wellness and Safety Director Ashanti Hamilton of the space, which is one of two designated protest zones.

He said Haymarket had been consistently slow after the first day of the convention, adding that protestors had largely found other ways to make their voices heard, including through demonstrations at Red Arrow Park and near checkpoints inside the RNC security zone, which Hamilton said have more built-in audiences.

Two protests are scheduled at Haymarket Thursday afternoon.

(12:20 p.m.)

— La Risa Lynch and Steve Martinez

Beloit billionaire Diane Hendricks called 'everyday American' before her Thursday night speech

Billionaire Diane Hendricks , one of the richest people in Wisconsin, will apparently be speaking as an "everyday American" when she takes the stage Thursday at the RNC.

Hendricks is the co-founder of ABC Supply, the largest wholesale distributor of roofing supplies and a major distributor of siding and windows in North America. She has an estimated net worth of $20.9 billion, and the 77-year-old topped the 2024  Forbes' list of richest self-made women  in America — the  seventh year in a row  she's led the list.

But according to the list of RNC speakers, provided by a source familiar with the lineup, Hendricks will be speaking as an "everyday American" on Thursday, the final night of the convention.

(12:10 p.m.)

— Mary Spicuzza and Maia Pandey

Milwaukee Mayor Cavalier Johnson claps back after U.S. Rep. Derrick Van Orden says he’s done a ‘horrible’ job

Milwaukee Mayor Cavalier Johnson has been stressing unity during the RNC this week.

But Johnson couldn’t resist clapping back at Wisconsin Republican U.S. Rep. Derrick Van Orden when Van Orden told Urban Milwaukee that the Democratic mayor is doing a “horrible job” leading Wisconsin’s largest city.

"This place has the potential to be a world class, awesome city that it should be, but unfortunately Cavalier Johnson has done a horrible job running this place,” Van Orden told Urban Milwaukee.

Johnson responded on X, “I hope that Mr. Van Orden’s visit to Milwaukee was more memorable than his visit to the United States Capitol on January 6th.”

I hope that Mr. Van Orden’s visit to Milwaukee was more memorable than his visit to the United States Capitol on January 6th. https://t.co/ZnZblyYEmC — Cavalier Johnson (@CavalierJohnson) July 18, 2024

Van Orden has acknowledged attending the Trump rally that preceded the Jan. 6 insurrection but said he left when the riot began. 

(11:15 a.m.)

— Mary Spicuzza and Lawrence Andrea

Journal Sentinel's Kristin Brey, JR Radcliffe preview Thursday at RNC; Rachel Bernhard talks about RNC's impact on downtown businesses

Late-night TV talked a lot about the RNC Wednesday. But not a lot about its host city.

The late-night television talk shows had much to say Wednesday night about the second and third days of the RNC in Milwaukee. But they didn't have a lot to say about Milwaukee.

The late-night hosts poked fun at JD Vance’s beard, the RNC hip-hop anthem “Trump Trump Baby” and the appearance of Babydog, West Virginia Gov. Jim Justice’s charming, 60-pound bulldog. 

But Milwaukee? You'd hardly know the RNC was in the city.

The only notable mention of Milwaukee was on "The Daily Show," which briefly mentioned the city in a recurring bit where correspondents reported “live” from Milwaukee. The punchline? None of "The Daily Show" crew was actually in Milwaukee.  

More than halfway through the segment, host Ronny Chieng introduced correspondent Michael Kosta, who appeared to speak in front of a digital backdrop of Fiserv Forum, and asked him how things were going in Milwaukee. 

“I know we canceled all our shows here this week, but I’m glad that I got to stay here in Milwaukee, which is where I am ,” said Kosta. 

On Sunday, following the assassination attempt targeting Trump in Pennsylvania, "The Daily Show" canceled plans to record its shows live in Milwaukee during the RNC, citing "logistical issues and the evolving situation in Milwaukee."

Tuesday night on "The Daily Show," host Jon Stewart said the show's plans had changed because the place they planned to stage the show, the Marcus Performing Arts Center, had been shifted into the hard security perimeter.

(A Journal Sentinel fact check found that he claim was wrong: The boundaries of the security perimeter had not changed after the shooting, and the Marcus Center was still in the soft security zone.) 

(10:50 a.m.)

— Jane Park

Melania Trump expected to be in family box Thursday night

There's a mystery guest for Trump's acceptance speech:  Former first lady Melania Trump .

The low-profile spouse is expected to be in the family box for  her husband's remarks , officials said, but they wouldn't otherwise comment on her activities. She has no public schedule.

Melania Trump has rarely be seen in public during her husband's 2024 campaign; she did issue  a lengthy written statement  after Saturday's assassination attempt.

“A monster who recognized my husband as an inhuman political machine attempted to ring out Donald's passion — his laughter, ingenuity, love of music, and inspiration,” she wrote.

Read more about Melania Trump

(10:40 a.m.)

—  David Jackson , USA TODAY

Democrats reinforce their support for Biden

Democrats Thursday morning doubled down on their support for Biden, who tested positive for COVID Wednesday afternoon. 

In a press conference in Milwaukee, Quentin Fulks, the principal deputy campaign manager for the Biden-Harris campaign, said Biden is planning to stay in the race, despite calls for him to step down. 

"Our campaign is not working through any scenarios where President Biden is not the top of the ticket," Fulks said. "He is and will be the Democratic nominee."

U.S. Sen. Alex Padilla of California said Biden is committed to continuing his campaign. 

"He's committed to winning in November, because we want to continue the progress we've made on his leadership," he said. "And because we know the dangers of Donald Trump."

Milwaukee County Executive David Crowley said Biden's road to victory this fall runs through Wisconsin, and he will continue his support for the president as well. 

"My fellow Wisconsinites and myself know that we're going to vote and we're going to vote to keep (Biden) there in November," Crowley said. "Because we know exactly what is on the mind. We know that we have to protect our democracy because there is no other option."

The speakers also highlighted Project 2025, the platform of issues that is being tied to Trump. Democrats have repeatedly criticized the plan, attempting to draw the eyes of voters to what they say are concerning plans Trump would implement in office. 

"This is what this election is about. It is not about Joe Biden's age. It's not about Donald Trump's age to be honest with you. It is about their vision for this country for a second term," Fulks said. "Project 2025 is a blueprint that Donald Trump himself has aligned and instructed people to put together for what his agenda would be and we think that American voters deserve to know that ahead of November."

(10:15 a.m.)

National bus tour promoting abortion access to stop in Milwaukee Thursday

The “Ride to Decide” bus tour, put on by the group Free & Just, which advocates for reproductive freedom, will stop in Milwaukee at 3 p.m. Thursday. 

Tour speakers will highlight the consequences of abortion bans across the country and “will set the record straight as conservatives at the Republican National Convention attempt to distance themselves from their long and shameful record of attacking access to abortion and reproductive health care,” according to a press release from the group. 

Speakers include a medical student at the Medical College of Wisconsin, a former Planned Parenthood chaplain and nurses and doctors from the Milwaukee area. The group has been handing out contraceptives as the bus travels the country. 

The word "abortion" has rarely been uttered at the convention. Republicans released a party platform last week that deflected on the issue of abortion rights, leaving anti-abortion groups who wanted to implement a more aggressive stance frustrated. The weaker position may reflect concerns that the issue of abortion is a political loser for Republicans and could hurt Trump and other Republican candidates in November.

Democrats, meanwhile, say abortion rights are still under attack. 

In Wisconsin, the fall of Roe v. Wade in 2022 reverted the state to an 1849 law banning almost all abortions . Planned Parenthood of Wisconsin resumed abortion services in September 2023 , citing a comment from a Dane County judge who said the 1849 law appeared to apply to feticide, not consensual abortion.

Both an appeal of that ruling , and a petition from Planned Parenthood to find a right to abortion in the state constitution, are pending before the state Supreme Court. 

Sen. Ron Johnson predicts Trump speech to unify after life-changing experience

Thursday morning, during the Faith and Freedom Coalition’s God and Country Breakfast at the Pfister Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin Sen. Ron Johnson shared what he hoped to hear from Trump’s speech Thursday night.

Johnson explained how the assassination attempt Saturday in Pennsylvania might shape the speech.

“That would change your life," Johnson said. "I think we're getting indications from President Trump that his life has been changed. I mean, I think we all here think this is probably something whispered in his ear.

“He turned his head. He looked at the chart. His life was spared. And now he has a new lease on life and he can put it to good use.” 

Johnson said he's praying that Trump will deliver a message of unity.

“Our nation needs to be healed and unified, and we have to lead the way. That's got to be our mission. It is our solemn duty to preserve this marvelous land.”

(9:50 a.m.)

— Mike De Sisti

Hulk Hogan's going to speak at RNC Thursday night, brother

Retired American wrestling star Hulk Hogan will speak Thursday night at the Republican National Convention, ahead of a highly anticipated speech from former president Donald Trump.

MSNBC first reported Thursday morning  that Hogan, who has occasionally tossed around political aspirations after  retiring from wrestling in 2012 , would join the lineup of convention speakers in Milwaukee. Trump is expected to accept his nomination tonight as the GOP presidential candidate facing President Joe Biden in November.

More: Hulk Hogan will speak at the RNC Thursday night. Here's what to know about him.

Mayor says Republicans will offer ‘false narrative of gloom’ on final day of RNC, reiterates support for Biden

Milwaukee Mayor Cavalier Johnson said ahead of Trump’s acceptance speech Thursday night that those listening should be prepared for a “false narrative of gloom, a false narrative of blame, a message from Republicans that just simply is not true.”

Trump, who has appeared at the four-day convention but has not spoken, will address those gathered at Fiserv Forum Thursday night.

Johnson, a Democrat and ardent Biden supporter, said he's looking forward to taking part in the Democratic National Convention next month in Chicago and re-nominating Biden to run for a second term in the White House.

“The upcoming November election is extremely, extremely important for the future of America,” he said.

Johnson has continued to stick by Biden even as other Democrats have called for or privately urged the president to step aside following a disastrous debate performance last month.

On Wednesday, U.S. Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., became the most prominent Democratic lawmaker to call on Biden to drop out of the 2024 election over concerns he can't beat Trump in November.

(7:45 a.m.)

— Alison Dirr  

City-designated demonstration spaces outside RNC busier Wednesday

City of Milwaukee-designated demonstration areas were busier Wednesday than they had been on the previous two days of the convention, Johnson said Thursday.

And, he said, for the first time, additional people came and asked to speak at the podiums. They were accommodated, he said.

(7:30 a.m.)

— Alison Dirr

Arrests overnight ahead of fourth and final day of RNC, mayor says

Two incidents near the convention led to seven arrests overnight Thursday, Johnson said.

The arrests took place on the east side of the Milwaukee River, just outside of the security perimeter.

Johnson said in the first case, two people were arrested for fights, while in the second case, five people were arrested for “disorderly behavior outside a bar.”

He also said there was a convention-related arrest of a person accused of stealing tickets and trying to sell them.

(7:20 a.m.)

What's the RNC Day 4 convention schedule?

The final official session of the convention, in which Trump will accept his nomination as the Republican candidate for president, begins at 5:45 p.m. and ends at 10:30 p.m. 

Earlier in the day, there are a number of events for convention-goers. The  convention is closed to all  but delegates, politicians, media members and volunteers.

Among the events:

• The Hispanic Leadership Coalition Reception is from noon to 2 p.m. at the Iron Horse Hotel.
• There are several book signings at Convention Fest: Donald Trump Jr., from 2 to 4 p.m.; Peter Navarro, from 2 to 4 p.m.; and Kari Lake, from 3 to 4 p.m.
• The Republican Jewish Coalition is hosting a Salute to Pro-Israel Elected Officials from 4 to 6 p.m.

The official convention watch party takes place each day at the Drink Wisconsinbly Pub, 320 W. Highland Ave., across from Fiserv Forum. It's set to start at 5:45 p.m.

Here's the master  schedule of events for the Republican National Convention .

(5:30 a.m.)

What time does Donald Trump speak Thursday night?

The time of Trump's nomination acceptance speech hasn't been announced, but it's likely to be at the end of the session, sometime between 9 and 10 p.m.

The schedule of speakers for Thursday night likely will be released late morning to midafternoon Thursday.

What's the RNC theme Thursday?

Thursday's theme is Make America Great Once Again .

Here are the daily themes from earlier in the week:

• Monday: Make America Wealthy Once Again  
• Tuesday: Make America Safe Once Again
• Wednesday: Make America Strong Once Again 

No speakers have been announced yet, though it's certain that Trump will speak.

There also are reports that UFC CEO Dana White will speak before Trump .

Based on the RNC's list of speakers for the convention released in advance, here are some of the people who haven't spoken yet, including Beloit's Diane Hendricks, owner of ABC Supply :

• Sen. Steve Daines (Montana), NRSC Chairman
• Rep. Richard Hudson (North Carolina), NRCC Chairman
• Mike Pompeo, former U.S. Secretary of State
• Linda McMahon, former U.S. Administrator of SBA
• Tucker Carlson, TV host
• Franklin Graham, faith leader
• Diane Hendricks, owner of ABC Supply

When does the RNC end? How many days is the RNC?

The Republican National Convention ends Thursday, the last of its four days.

When is the Democratic National Convention, or DNC, in 2024?

The  Democratic National Convention  will be held in Chicago — less than 100 miles south of the RNC — from Aug. 19 to Aug. 22.

• Lone Star Politics
• Politifact Texas
• Austin History

Who's speaking at RNC on Day 4? See full schedule of times and speakers, including Trump

The  2024 Republican National Convention  will wrap up its four-day event tonight, concluding with a speech from Former President Donald Trump, who secured his presidential nomination and announced his selection for vice presidential running mate on Day 1.

Here is a breakdown of Thursday night's RNC speakers per time slot, according to a source familiar with the event

What time will Former President Donald Trump speak at the RNC?

The former president and 2024 Republican presidential nominee is expected to give a speech on Thursday night between 9-10:30 p.m. CT.

According to the Washington Examiner, he was originally going to present his speech in a fiery tone, similar to those delivered at campaign rallies, but after Saturday's assassination attempt, he said he would focus on national unity, stating it's a “chance to bring the whole country, even the whole world, together."

The theme is "Make America Great Once Again."

What time does the RNC start Thursday? How to stream the Republican National Convention

Who is speaking at RNC tonight? See full speaker schedule

All times are in  central time  and subject to change.

5:30-6 p.m.

• Sen. Steve Daines, R-MT
• Rep. Richard Hudson, R-NC, Chair of National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC)

6-6:30 p.m.

• Diane Hendricks
• Diane Evans
• Linda McMahon, former Administrator of Small Business Administration
• Mike Pompeo, former Secretary of State

6:30-7 p.m.

• Pastor Lorenzo Sewell
• John Nieporte
• Steve & Zach Witkoff

7-7:30 p.m.

• Alina Habba, former President Donald Trump's attorney
• Tucker Carlson, founder of Tucker Carlson Network

7:30-8 p.m.

• Carrie Ruiz
• Hulk Hogan, former professional entertainer and wrestler
• Annette Albright
• Franklin Graham, president and CEO of the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association
• Dana White, CEO of Ultimate Fighting Championship

9-10:30 p.m.

• Former President Donald J. Trump

Watch live: 2024 RNC Day 4

How to watch and stream 2024 RNC

The RNC will livestream events across multiple online platforms.

Each television network will handle coverage slightly differently. Here's a breakdown of the major networks and their coverage plans for the RNC:

• C-SPAN  will carry the entire convention uninterrupted for all four days.
• CBS  television stations will have live coverage starting at 10 p.m. ET all four days.
• NBC News  will broadcast "Decision 2024" from 9 p.m. to 11 p.m.
• ABC News  will have live coverage from 10 p.m. to 11 p.m. all four days on its main broadcast network, hosted by David Muir.
• Fox News  will air coverage during its regular prime-time lineup of shows, and will broadcast a nightly one-hour special starting at 10 p.m., hosted by Bret Baier and Martha MacCallum.
• CNN  will have a combination of coverage and analysis each night from 8 p.m. to midnight, anchored by Jake Tapper and Anderson Cooper.
• MSNBC  will have coverage from 8 p.m. to midnight.
• NewsNation  will provide primetime coverage titled "Decision Desk 2024: The Republican National Convention" from 7 p.m. to 12 a.m. ET on Wednesday and Thursday, co-anchored by Chris Cuomo, Elizabeth Vargas and Dan Abrams, along with Leland Vittert, who will anchor coverage live from the convention.

— USA TODAY contributed to this report.

A level playing field for deposit insurance

July 18, 2024

Welcome. Thank you, Mark [Wynne] , for the introduction. I’m excited to be here with you all today and to welcome you to the Dallas Fed.

This week’s conference will focus on how banks fund their activities. Funding is a basic aspect of banking, and it particularly comes into focus during stress episodes, such as the one we experienced last year. Funding models can also influence the diversity and competitiveness of the banking system over time, and in my remarks today, I’m going to spotlight those considerations. 

I’m so pleased that our friends at the Atlanta Fed collaborated with us to organize and host this conference, including my colleague President Raphael Bostic, who will speak tomorrow. I’m delighted to be joined by so many distinguished banking and policy leaders, including Federal Reserve Gov. Michelle Bowman, who will give keynote remarks at dinner this evening; Agustin Carstens, general manager of the Bank for International Settlements, who will give tomorrow’s opening keynote; and my colleague Mary Daly, president of the San Francisco Fed, who will participate in a fireside chat this afternoon. And I’m thrilled to bring together industry, policymaker and academic perspectives for this important conversation.

The importance of bank funding

Funding risk is both one of the oldest challenges in banking and one of the most timely. The most basic activity banks do is transform deposits into longer-term investments. Banks accept deposits, promise to return them whenever depositors want and invest in the meantime in less-liquid assets, such as loans that finance investment and fuel economic growth.

So, as I’m sure the panelists in our history session this afternoon will discuss, bankers have long understood the importance of being prepared to meet withdrawals—and of maintaining depositors’ confidence so they don’t withdraw money based on unfounded fears.

But as we saw in 2023, maintaining depositors’ confidence can be challenging in today’s highly networked society that allows bank runs to propagate with unprecedented speed. Now that banking conditions have stabilized and the immediate pressures banks felt last year have passed—though we should always remain watchful for any risks that may emerge—it’s a good time to consider whether adjustments in banks’ liquidity risk management or in related public policies can support a strong and vibrant banking system in the modern environment.

I’m looking forward to the ideas and insights all of you will share today and tomorrow. I’d like to start with a few perspectives of my own, and I’ll note these will be my perspectives and not necessarily those of my Federal Reserve colleagues.  

A framework for the issues

From my standpoint, there are three main ways to ensure sound liquidity risk management in banking. First, regulations can require banks to hold a certain amount of liquid assets, or banks can choose to do so voluntarily. This approach is important, but relying exclusively on it would have a drawback. By limiting the amount of liquidity transformation banks do, this approach limits the amount of banking they do.

Second, as a complement to holding liquid assets, bankers and regulators can ensure banks have reliable and ready access to contingent funding sources. Contingent funding can come from private markets and from central bank backstops such as the Federal Reserve’s discount window and Standing Repo Facility or from similar facilities that other central banks offer firms in their countries with funding from dollar swap lines. We’ll have a panel on contingent liquidity tomorrow.

And third, banks and regulators can work to stabilize the deposit and funding base. For example, diversifying deposit sources can make a bank’s funding more resilient. And deposit insurance can reinforce customers’ confidence that their money is safe, thus preventing bank runs and limiting the potential liquidity outflows that banks may need to meet.

These three approaches interact. Buffers of liquid assets and sound plans for contingent funding can reassure depositors and prevent runs, accomplishing some of the same goals as deposit insurance. And to the degree deposit insurance succeeds in preventing runs, banks may not need as much access to liquid assets or contingent funding.

Experience over recent years has demonstrated that the discount window and the Fed’s other liquidity tools are effective in supporting the stability of the banking and financial systems and, in turn, the flow of credit to households and businesses. However, the payments and financial systems, the economy, and technology continue to evolve rapidly. That evolution can create new liquidity challenges and needs, as well as new opportunities for the Fed to serve the public efficiently and effectively. 

Our last full review of the discount window function took place more than 20 years ago. By examining our approach to discount window lending in the current environment and in light of recent experience, we can ensure the window continues to provide ready access to liquidity going forward. 

A critical element, in my view, is enhancing depository institutions’ operational readiness to use the discount window. In my opinion, every bank in America should be fully set up at the window as part of its liquidity toolkit. That means completing legal documents and establishing collateral arrangements well before any funding need arises. And it means testing the plumbing—practicing the steps needed to take out and repay a loan and to move collateral between the Fed and other funding sources. A bank facing a rapid run will not have the luxury of waiting for setup or learning the procedures. 

Working together with bankers, the Federal Reserve System has already made substantial progress toward enhanced operational readiness at the window. More than 5,000 depository institutions have signed the necessary legal documents. They’ve pledged $3 trillion in collateral, up $1 trillion from last year. And we’ve launched Discount Window Direct, an online portal that lets depository institutions more efficiently request loans.

I’m optimistic that through further modernization of our technology and policies, as well as ongoing partnership with banks, we can ensure the discount window remains a powerful tool for providing the banking system ample access to liquidity.

Deposit insurance for a diverse and competitive banking system

Turning to deposit insurance, the Federal Reserve does not establish those policies. Deposit insurance is the responsibility of Congress, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and the National Credit Union Administration. But deposit insurance policies do, as I mentioned, interact with liquidity provisions by the Fed, as well as our work supervising banks and promoting financial stability. So I’d like to offer some thoughts on those interactions and how deposit insurance can best support a banking ecosystem that serves our economy well.

My starting principle is that deposit insurance policies, like all banking policies, should support a level playing field and fair competition among banks. Fair competition is a fundamental element of our market economy. Across all industries, fair competition promotes innovation, opportunity and diverse business models that can meet the needs of many different customers. And that is just as true in banking as in any other business.

I grew up in Versailles, Kentucky, a small town with a tight-knit community. In Versailles, like so many other small towns in the United States, our community bank catalyzed economic growth. Observing this relationship instilled in me an appreciation for how smaller banks support strong communities and local economies.

My conversations with business and community leaders as I travel the Eleventh District reinforce that appreciation. We heard from a woman in the Rio Grande Valley who dreamed of expanding her snack stand. She didn’t have financial statements to present to a bank for a loan. But the bankers at a local community bank were regular customers, and they got to talking about her ambitions. They realized she had a checking account at the bank, and the account history of revenue and expenses showed she had a viable business. The bankers worked with the snack stand owner to help her craft a business plan and get a loan to expand. She now has multiple locations and even several franchisees. That type of local knowledge and relationship-based lending is a specialty of smaller banks.

Communities’ needs vary. To maintain a vibrant banking system that can meet those diverse needs, policies should support a level playing field. That way, the banking models that best serve customers and communities will come out ahead in the marketplace.

In my view, a level playing field is achievable when it comes to deposit insurance, but that could require some change. Right now, a couple of factors related to deposit insurance come together to give the largest banks a potential advantage in attracting deposits. Federal insurance coverage is limited to $250,000 per depositor. That limit is supposed to give small depositors confidence while creating incentives for larger depositors to investigate their banks’ condition. While large depositors could theoretically provide helpful market discipline, they also often perceive—rightly or wrongly—that some banks are too big to fail and that the government will bail out those banks or their depositors in a crisis. Such perceptions undermine market discipline and tilt the playing field toward big banks.

When I checked recently, several of the country’s biggest banks were offering interest rates of just 1 to 6 basis points on a standard savings account. How many community banks can attract deposits at rates like that, when money market rates are over 500 basis points? Of course, there are many reasons why the largest banks may be able to pay lower interest rates than other banks. For example, some customers may value these banks’ wide range of capital markets, settlement, custodial, international and other services or their extensive branch networks. 

But the evidence of a tilt goes beyond interest rates. Amid the severe banking stresses in early 2023, we heard many reports of depositors pulling their funds from smaller banks and moving to the largest ones. Just in the second week of March 2023, deposits at the country’s 25 largest banks rose $113 billion, while deposits at all other domestic banks fell $172 billion. The shift was significant enough that executives at several of the largest banks mentioned it in their quarterly earnings calls. One described “significant new account opening activity and meaningful deposit and money market fund inflows,” while another reported seeing “noticeable flight to safety.” Meanwhile, at regional banks, executives were saying things like “68 percent of our dollars that went out, went out to larger banks, the money center banks,” and certain customers “wanted to pull money out from all regional banks.”

If you step back and look at how deposit insurance works, these actions by depositors aren’t surprising. And although the flows to larger banks ebbed as banking conditions calmed, the underlying incentives remain.

Especially when it comes to business accounts, $250,000 isn’t such a large deposit. A small business employing 110 people at the median wage would need $250,000 in its checking account just to cover a biweekly payroll. What small business owner has time to conduct regular, thorough checkups on a bank’s health? So, many depositors prefer to bank at institutions where they don’t have to think hard about whether their funds are safe. 

And there’s an important exception to the $250,000 limit. If a bank fails and the Treasury secretary and the boards of the FDIC and Federal Reserve agree there’s a serious threat to financial stability, the FDIC can cover all deposits, even those above the limit. The government makes no advance commitments about when it will invoke that systemic risk exception. The exception has sometimes been applied to cover uninsured deposits at relatively small banks, such as when Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) and Signature Bank failed in 2023. Still, most depositors didn’t foresee that action. If they had, they probably wouldn’t have run on SVB and Signature in the first place. By contrast, while the government has not provided a formal guarantee to the eight U.S. firms designated as Global Systemically Important Banks, or G-SIBs, most market participants think it’s pretty unlikely the authorities would let those firms’ depositors lose money. After all, these banks are officially systemically important.

The perception that certain banks are too big to fail tilts the playing field. Some people argue that stringent regulations on big banks counterbalance any too-big-to-fail benefits. But even if the costs and benefits of size are equal most of the time, the equation breaks when stresses emerge and the value of a perceived guarantee is suddenly much larger.

Conceptually, there are a couple of possibilities for restoring balance. Regulators could adopt even tougher regulations on the largest banks. But such regulations could put a drag on the economy by raising big banks’ costs for some of the unique and critical intermediation services they provide. Or, authorities could increase the deposit insurance limit so that deposits would be more equally protected at all banks. The FDIC proposed some interesting options along those lines in a report last year. Of course, the benefits of a higher limit have to be weighed against potential costs, such as whether deposit insurance premiums would need to rise or whether a higher limit could increase moral hazard and encourage banks to take excessive risks.

We have a panel on deposit insurance this afternoon, and I’m eager to hear how the panelists weigh these and other costs and benefits. Ultimately Congress would make any decisions. But I would offer just a few more reasons why the current limit may be too low.

For starters, the economy has grown substantially since Congress last raised the limit in 2008. If the limit had increased since then in line with nominal gross domestic product, it would be nearly half a million dollars today. 

Another reason is the invocation of the systemic risk exception to cover SVB and Signature in 2023. This was clearly the right decision to protect the economy and financial system once the banks had failed. But the need to provide insurance after the fact to depositors who weren’t supposed to receive it and whose banks had not been regulated as systemically important suggests to me the insurance limit was too low in the first place. 

Lastly, I’d note the growing use of reciprocal deposit networks , which allow banks to swap deposits in excess of the limit with each other to provide depositors more insurance. Reciprocal deposits reached $379 billion in the first quarter of this year, up from $157 billion at the end of 2022. The vast majority of reciprocal deposits—89 percent—are at banks with less than $100 billion in assets. That reflects both the funding environment for smaller banks and the less-favorable regulatory treatment of very large reciprocal deposits.

Reciprocal deposits can cost banks more than 10 basis points in network fees. Smaller banks’ willingness to pay this cost to work around the deposit insurance limit suggests the limit’s too low. As a society, if we’re going to provide the insurance anyway—which is what happens when banks use reciprocal deposits—we may as well increase the limit so we can avoid the costs, operational risks and regulatory mirages involved in passing deposits back and forth between banks.

Still, there is lots to learn here, and I’m eager to hear all of your views.

Turning to our agenda, over the next day and a half, we’ll examine not only the role of deposit insurance in today’s financial system, but also the stressors that led to the events of last spring; lessons from historic financial crises; and the future of the discount window and other contingent liquidity sources. We’ll also have a roundtable discussion on what academics, bankers and regulators see as the key risks and challenges in bank funding.

These discussions will deepen our understanding of banks’ funding vulnerabilities and help the industry and regulators prepare better for the future.

Thank you all for joining us today, and many thanks to the entire team here and at the Atlanta Fed who worked so hard to make this conference happen. 

Now, let’s welcome Arthur Lindo, who will chair today’s first session, “A look back at the regional banking stresses of 2023.”

About the author

Lorie K. Logan is president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.

The views expressed are my own and do not necessarily reflect official positions of the Federal Reserve System.