air pollution essay in odia

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Odia Essay on "Environmental Pollution", "ପରିବେଶ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ରଚନା" for Students

Essay on Environmental Pollution in Odia Language : In this article " ପରିବେଶ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ରଚନା ", " paribesh pradushan odia essay ...

Essay on Environmental Pollution in Odia Language : In this article " ପରିବେଶ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ରଚନା ", " paribesh pradushan odia essay rachana  for students of class 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.

Odia Essay on " Environmental Pollution ", " ପରିବେଶ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ରଚନା " for Students

ଉପକ୍ରମ : ଭକ୍ତକବି ମଧୁସୂଦନ ଲେଖୁଥଲେ

ମଧୁମୟ ସୃଷ୍ଟି ସୁଧାମୟ ସୃଷ୍ଟି

ଏ ସୃଷ୍ଟି ଅମୃତମୟ ହେ

ଜାଗ ନରନାରୀ ଅମୃତ ସନ୍ତତି

ପିଅ ସେ ଅମୃତ ପୟ ହେ ।

ଏହି ବିଶାଳ ଜଟତ ହେଉଛି ଭବାନଙ୍କର ଅପୂର୍ବ ଓ ଅନିର୍ବଚନୀୟ ସୃଷ୍ଟି । ବୃକ୍ଷଲତା, ତରୁ, ତୃଣ, ପଶୁ, ପକ୍ଷୀ, ନଦୀ, ନିଝର, ଗିରି, ବନ, କାନନ ଓ କାନ୍ତାରକୁ ନେଇ ଏ ସୃଷ୍ଟି ହୋଇଛି ସୁନ୍ଦର ଓ ମଧୁର । ପୁଷ୍ପର ହାସ୍ୟ ବିକାଶ, ମଳୟର ମଦିର ସର୍ଶ, ବାୟୁର ହିଲ୍ଲୋଳ, ନଦୀର କଲ୍ଲୋଳ ଓ ଡାଳେ ଡାଳେ ବିହଗମାନଙ୍କର ମଧୁର କାକଳି ମାନବ ପ୍ରାଣରେ କେଉଁ ଏକ ସ୍ଵତ୍ପଲୋକର ମାୟା ସୃଷ୍ଟିକରେ; କିନ୍ତୁ ଦୁଃଖର କଥା, ପ୍ରକୃତି ଓ ପରିବେଶର ସେହି ସ୍ଵର୍ଗୀୟ ମାଧୁରୀ ଆଧୁନିକତାର ସ୍ପର୍ଶରେ ହୋଇଛି କ୍ଷୟିଷ୍ଣୁ । ବିକାଶ ନାମରେ ମନୁଷ୍ୟ ଆପଣାର ବିଷାକ୍ତ ରସନା ପ୍ରସାର କରି ତାହାକୁ ସମୂଳେ ଗ୍ରାସ କରିବାକୁ ଉଦ୍ୟତ । ତେଣୁ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣରୁ । ମୁକ୍ତି ଓ ପରିବେଶର ସୁରକ୍ଷା ହେଉଛି ଆଧୁନିକ ବିଶ୍ୱର ଏକ ପ୍ରଧାନ ସମସ୍ୟା ।

ପରିବେଶ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣର କାରଣ : ପଞ୍ଚ ମହାଭୂତର ଅଂଶ ବିଶେଷ ଜଳ ଓ ବାୟୁ ହେଉଛି ଜୀବନର ଆଧାର । ବୃକ୍ଷଲତା ଓ କୀଟ ପତଙ୍ଗଠାରୁ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରି ମନୁଷ୍ୟପ୍ରାଣୀ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ସମସ୍ତେ ବଞ୍ଚି ରହିଛନ୍ତି କେବଳ ଜଳ ଓ ବାୟୁକୁ ଆଶ୍ରୟ କରି । ଜଳର ଅନ୍ୟ ନାମ ଜୀବନ । ଶ୍ଵାସ ପ୍ରଶ୍ୱାସରେ ପ୍ରବାହିତ ହେଉଥିବା ବାୟୁ ହେଉଛି ପ୍ରାଣବାୟୁ । କେଉଁ ସୁଦୂର ଅତୀତ କାଳରେ ପ୍ରଥମ କରି ମାନବ ସଭ୍ୟତା ଗଢ଼ିଉଠିଥିଲା ପୃଥିବୀର ବୃହତ୍ ବୃହତ୍ ନଦୀକୂଳରେ । ମାତୃତୁଲ୍ୟା ନଦୀ ତୋୟ ଦାନକରି ପୁଷ୍ଟ କରିଥିଲା ସେହି ସଭ୍ୟତାକୁ । ଭାରତରେ ଗଙ୍ଗା, ଯମୁନା, ସରସ୍ୱତୀ, ନର୍ମଦା, ସିନ୍ଧୁ, କାବେରୀ, ଗୋଦାବରୀ, ବୈତରଣୀ ପ୍ରଭୃତି ନଦୀଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପୁରାଣ ପ୍ରସିଦ୍ଧ । ପବିତ୍ର ଏମାନଙ୍କ ନୀର । ତାହା କେବଳ ମନୁଷ୍ୟ ଓ ପଶୁପକ୍ଷୀଙ୍କୁ ଜୀବନ ଦାନକରି ନାହିଁ, ପୌରାଣିକ ମତରେ ଏଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପାପ ପ୍ରକ୍ଷାଳିନୀ, ମୁକ୍ତି ଦାୟିନୀ ଏବଂ ପୁଣ୍ୟବିଧାୟିନୀ ଅଟନ୍ତି । ପୁଣ୍ୟତୋୟା ଗଙ୍ଗାନଦୀ ପତିତପାବିନୀ ନାମରେ ପରିଚିତା; କିନ୍ତୁ ଆଧୁନିକ କାଳରେ ନଦୀଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପ୍ରଦୂଷରର ଶିକାର ହୋଇ ଆପଣାର ସେହି କଲ୍ୟାଣଦାୟିନୀ ବିଭବକୁ ହରାଇ ବସିଛନ୍ତି । ବଡ଼ ବଡ଼ ସହରରୁ ନିଷ୍କାସିତ ନର୍ଦ୍ଦମାଜଳ, କଳକାରଖାନାର ଆବର୍ଜନା ଓ ରାସାୟନିକ ପଦାର୍ଥମାନ ନଦୀଜଳକୁ ବିଷମୟ କରି ପକାଇଛି । ବଦ୍ଧିତ ଜନସଂଖ୍ୟା ନଦୀଜଳ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣର ଅନ୍ୟତମ କାରଣ ରୂପେ ଠିଆ ହୋଇଛି । ନିର୍ବିଚାରରେ ଜନସାଧାରଣ ସମସ୍ତ ପ୍ରକାର ବର୍ଜ୍ୟବସ୍ତୁକୁ ନଦୀ ବକ୍ଷରେ ନିକ୍ଷିପ୍ତ କରି ତା’ର ନିର୍ମଳ ଜଳକୁ ନର୍ଦ୍ଦମାରେ ପରିଣତ କରିଛନ୍ତି ।

ନଦୀ ଭଳି ହୃଦଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟ ଉଦ୍ଧତ ମାନବର ଅବିଚାରିତ ଆଚରଣରୁ ମୁକ୍ତ ନୁହନ୍ତି । କାଶ୍ମୀରର ଡାଲ ହୃଦଠାରୁ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରି ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ଚିଲିକା ହ୍ରଦ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ର ବୃହତ୍ ପ୍ରାୟ ସମସ୍ତ ଜଳାଶୟଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପ୍ରଦୂଷିତ ଅଟନ୍ତି । ଭୁବନେଶ୍ୱରର ବିନ୍ଦୁସାଗର ଓ ପୁରୀର ନରେନ୍ଦ୍ର ପୁଷ୍କରିଣୀର ଜଳ ପରମାର୍ଥୀ ହିନ୍ଦୁମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ପବିତ୍ର ବୋଲି ମନେ ହୋଇଥାଏ, କିନ୍ତୁ ଦୁଃଖର କଥା, ଏହି ଦୁଇଟି ପୁରାଣ ପ୍ରସିଦ୍ଧ ଜଳାଶୟର ଜଳ ଏବେ ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଅନିର୍ମଳ ଓ ବ୍ୟବହାର ଅନୁପଯୋଗୀ ହୋଇ ପଡ଼ିଛି । ଅଧୂକ ଉଦ୍‌ବେଗର କଥା, ନଦୀ ଓ ହ୍ରଦର ଜଳ ସହିତ ସମୁଦ୍ରର ଜଳ ମଧ୍ୟ କ୍ରମେ ଦୂଷିତ ହେବାକୁ ଲାଗିଛି । ବୃହତ୍ ବୃହତ୍ ନଦୀମାନଙ୍କ ଦ୍ଵାରା କ୍ରମାଗତ ଭାବେ ନାନାଦି ରାସାୟନିକ ସାମଗ୍ରୀ ଓ ବର୍ଜ୍ୟ ବସ୍ତୁ ସମୁଦ୍ର ବକ୍ଷକୁ ପରିବାହିତ ହେଉଥିବାରୁ ସମୁଦ୍ରର ଜଳ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣର ଶିକାର ହେଉଛି ।

ଜଳ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ଭଳି ବାୟୁ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ଜୀବଜଗତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଧୁକ ବିପଦ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିଛି । ଜନସଂଖ୍ୟା ବୃଦ୍ଧି, ଜଙ୍ଗଲ କ୍ଷୟ, ସହରୀ ସଭ୍ୟତାର ପ୍ରସାର, କଳକାରଖାନାର ସଂଖ୍ୟା ବୃଦ୍ଧି, ପେଟ୍ରୋଲ, ଡିଜେଲ ଓ କୋଇଲା ଇତ୍ୟାଦିର ଅତ୍ୟଧୁକ ବ୍ୟବହାର, ଅଧୁକ ସଂଖ୍ୟାରେ ଗାଡ଼ି ମଟର ଚଳାଚଳ ଇତ୍ୟାଦି ଫଳରେ ବାୟୁମଣ୍ଡଳ କ୍ରମେ ଅଧୁକରୁ ଅଧିକ ବିଷାକ୍ତ ହୋଇ ଉଠୁଛି । ବଡ଼ ବଡ଼ ସହରରେ ବିଶୁଦ୍ଧ ଅମ୍ଳଜାନ ଟିକିଏ ପାଇବା କଷ୍ଟକର ବ୍ୟାପାର ହୋଇ ପଡ଼ିଲାଣି । ଭାରତର ଦିଲ୍ଲୀ, କଲିକତା, ବମ୍ବ ସହିତ ପୃଥିବୀର ଟୋକିଓ, ବେଜିଙ୍ଗ, ମେକ୍ସିକୋ, ଲଣ୍ଡନ, ଲେଲିନଗ୍ରାଡ, ଇସ୍ତାନବଲ ଇତ୍ୟାଦି ନଗରଗୁଡ଼ିକର ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣର ମାତ୍ରା ଚରମ । ଧୂଆ, ଧୂଳି ଓ ବିଷାକ୍ତ ଅଙ୍ଗାରକାମ୍ଳ ବାଷ୍ପ ମନୁଷ୍ୟକୁ କ୍ରମେ ମୃତ୍ୟୁର ଗହ୍ମର ମଧ୍ୟକୁ ଠେଲି ନେଉଛି ।

ଜଳ ଓ ବାୟୁ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ସହିତ ଅଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟରେ ଆମେମାନେ ଆଉ ଗୋଟିଏ ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣାର ଶିକାର ହୋଇପଡ଼ିଛି । ତାହା ହେଉଛି ଶବ୍ଦ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ । ରେଳ, ମଟର ଓ ବିମାନ ଚଳାଚଳର ଅତ୍ୟୁଚ୍ଚ ଶବ୍ଦ, ଡାକବାଜି ଯନ୍ତ୍ରର ଚିତ୍କାର, କଳକାରଖାନାର କାର୍ଯ୍ୟରତ ମେସିନର ଘର୍ଷଣ, ବେତାର, ଦୂରଦର୍ଶନରେ ପ୍ରଚାରିତ ସଂଗୀତର ଲହର ଓ ସେଥ ସହିତ ରକେଟ ଉତ୍‌କ୍ଷେପଣର ଭୈରବ ନାଦ ଇଥରକୁ ପ୍ରକମ୍ପିତ କରୁଛି । ନୀରବ ଆକାଶକୁ ବିକ୍ଷୁଧ କରୁଛି । ଏହାଦ୍ୱାରା ମନୁଷ୍ୟର କେବଳ ଶାନ୍ତି ଭଗ୍ନ ହେଉ ନାହିଁ, ତା’ର ଦେହ ଓ ମନ ଉପରେ ପ୍ରଚଣ୍ଡ ପ୍ରଭାବ ପଡ଼ୁଛି ।

ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ଜନିତ କ୍ଷତି : ଆଧୁନିକ କାଳରେ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ସମସ୍ୟାଟି ସତେ ଯେପରି ଏହି ଶାନ୍ତ, ସୁନ୍ଦର ଓ ନୀରବ ପ୍ରକୃତି ବିରୋଧରେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ସଂଗ୍ରାମ ଘୋଷଣ କରିଛି । ଜଙ୍ଗଲ କ୍ଷୟ ଫଳରେ ପ୍ରକୃତିର ସେହି ଶ୍ୟାମଳ ଶ୍ରୀସଂପଦ କ୍ରମେ ବିନଷ୍ଟ ହୋଇ ସେଠାରେ ଏକ ରୁକ୍ଷ ମରୁ ଅଜଗର ରସନା ବିସ୍ତାର କରି ରହିଛି । ବହୁ ଜାତିର ପଶୁପକ୍ଷୀ, ବୃକ୍ଷଲତା, ଭେଷଜ ବୃକ୍ଷ କ୍ରମେ କ୍ରମେ ପୃଥିବୀରୁ ଲୋପ ହୋଇ ଯାଉଛନ୍ତି । ଋତୁଚକ୍ରରେ ବିପର୍ଯ୍ୟୟ ସୃଷ୍ଟି ହୋଇ ଅତିବୃଷ୍ଟି, ଅନାବୃଷ୍ଟି, ଅକାଳ ବନ୍ୟା ବା ଭୟଙ୍କର ବାତ୍ୟା ଦେଖା ଯାଉଛି । ଜଳ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ଫଳରେ ଝାଡ଼ାବାନ୍ତି, ହଇଜା, କାମଳ, ଟାଇଫଏଡ୍ ଭଳି ମାରାତ୍ମକ ରୋଗ ବ୍ୟାପିବା ସଙ୍ଗେ ସଙ୍ଗେ ଜଳଜନ୍ତୁଙ୍କର ସ୍ଥିତି ସଂକଟାପନ୍ନ ହୋଇପଡ଼ିଛି । କଳକାରଖାନାରୁ ନିର୍ଗତ ରାସାୟନିକ ପଦାର୍ଥ ଏବଂ ପରିତ୍ୟକ୍ତ ପଲିଥିନ ବା ପ୍ଲାଷ୍ଟିକ୍ ସାମଗ୍ରୀ ମୃତ୍ତିକା ଭେଦ କରି ଭୂତଳ ସତ ଜଳରାଶିକୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଦୂଷିତ କରିବାକୁ ଲାଗିଲାଣି । ଭବିଷ୍ୟତରେ ଯେ ଦିନେ ମନୁଷ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ ମୁନ୍ଦିଏ ବିଶୁଦ୍ଧ ପାନୀୟ ଜଳ ଦୁର୍ଲଭ ହୋଇପଡ଼ିବ, ଆଜିଠାରୁ ଏ ଆଶଙ୍କା ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଇଲାଣି ।

ବାୟୁମଣ୍ଡଳରେ ଅଙ୍ଗାରକାମ୍ଳ ବାଷ ବୃଦ୍ଧି ଫଳରେ ମନୁଷ୍ୟ ଶ୍ଵାସରୋଗରେ ଆକ୍ରାନ୍ତ ହେଉଛି । କାର୍ବନ୍‌ ଡାଇଅକ୍ସାଇଡ, ମିଥୁନ, କ୍ଲୋରେଫ୍ଲୋରୋ କାର୍ବନ(ସି.ଏଫ.ସି) ପ୍ରଭୃତି ମାରାତ୍ମକ ଗ୍ୟାସ୍ ବାୟୁମଣ୍ଡଳରେ ଭର୍ତ୍ତି ହୋଇଗଲାଣି । ଏହା ଫଳରେ ପୃଥିବୀର ଚତୁର୍ଦ୍ଦିଗରେ ଘେରି ରହିଥିବା ରକ୍ଷାକାରୀ ଓଜୋନ୍ (Ozone) ସ୍ତରରେ ଛିଦ୍ର ହୋଇ ସେହି ଛିତ୍ର ବାଟେ ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟକିରଣର କ୍ଷତିକାରକ ଅତି ବାଇଗଣୀ ରଶ୍ମି ଭୂପୃଷ୍ଠରେ ପତିତ ହେଉଛି । ଏହାଦ୍ୱାରା ଲୋକେ ଚର୍ମରୋଗ ଓ କର୍କଟ ରୋଗରେ ପୀଡିତ ହେଉଛନ୍ତି । ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ଫଳରେ ବାୟୁମଣ୍ଡଳର ଉତ୍ତାପ ବୃଦ୍ଧିପାଉଛି । କେତେକ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ଅମ୍ଳ ବର୍ଷା ବା Acid Rain । ହୋଇ ଉଭିଦ ଜଗତର ପ୍ରଭୂତ କ୍ଷତି ସାଧନ କରୁଛି । ଏହି କ୍ରମରେ ବାୟୁମଣ୍ଡଳର ଉତ୍ତାପ ବୃଦ୍ଧି ପାଇଲେ ଭବିଷ୍ୟତରେ ମେରୁ ଅଞ୍ଚଳରୁ ବରଫ ତରଳିଯିବ ଓ ସମୁଦ୍ରର ଜଳପତ୍ତନ ବୃଦ୍ଧି ପାଇବ । ସେତେବେଳେ ପୃଥିବୀରେ ଏକ ଭୟଙ୍କର ଅବସ୍ଥା ସୃଷ୍ଟି ହେବ ବୋଲି ବୈଜ୍ଞାନିକମାନେ ସତର୍କ ବାଣୀ ଶୁଣାଇ ଦେଲେଣି ।

ଶବ୍ଦ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ଆମମାନଙ୍କର ଅଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟରେ ମାନବ ସମାଜର ଯେ କି କ୍ଷତିସାଧନ କରୁଛି। ସେଥିପ୍ରତି କୃଚିତ ଲୋକ ସଚେତନ ଅଛନ୍ତି । ଉଚ୍ଚ ଶବ୍ଦ ଦ୍ଵାରା ମନୁଷ୍ୟର ଶ୍ରବଣେନ୍ଦ୍ରିୟ ନଷ୍ଟ ହେବା ସଙ୍ଗେ ସଙ୍ଗେ ରକ୍ତଚାପ, ପାକସ୍ଥଳୀର ଅସର, କର୍କଟ ରୋଗ ଓ ହୃଦରୋଗ ପ୍ରଭୃତି ସୃଷ୍ଟି ହୋଇଥାଏ । ଅଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟରେ ମନୁଷ୍ୟ ଦେହ ଓ ମନ ଉପରେ ଏହା ପ୍ରଚଣ୍ଡ ପ୍ରଭାବ ପକାଇ ଥାଏ । ଏ ସବୁରୁ ଆମକୁ କିଭଳି ନିସ୍ତାର ମିଳିବ, ସେଥିପାଇଁ ଗୁରୁତ୍ଵର ସହିତ ଚିନ୍ତା କରିବାର ସମୟ ଆସିଛି ।

ପରିବେଶ ସୁରକ୍ଷା କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମ : ପରିବେଶ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ଏକ ଉଦ୍‌ବେଗକର ସମସ୍ୟା ହୋଇଥିବାରୁ ପୃଥିବୀର ପ୍ରାୟତଃ ସମସ୍ତ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଏହାର ପ୍ରତିକାର ନିମନ୍ତେ ତତ୍ପର ହୋଇ ଉଠିଛନ୍ତି । ମିଳିତ ଜାତିସଂଘ ତରଫରୁ ଏଥିପାଇଁ ‘ପରିବେଶ ବିକାଶ ପରିଷଦ’ (UNCED)ନାମରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ସଂସ୍ଥା ଗଠନ କରାଯାଇଛି । ବୃକ୍ଷରୋପଣ ବା ବନୀକରଣ ହେଉଛି ପରିବେଶ ସୁରକ୍ଷାର ପ୍ରଧାନ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମ । ଭାରତରେ ବୃକ୍ଷରୋପଣ ବା ସବୁଜ ବଳୟ ସୃଷ୍ଟି ନିମନ୍ତେ ସ୍ଵଛାସେବୀ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନ ଓ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ବିଶେଷଙ୍କୁ ‘ପ୍ରକୃତିମିତ୍ର' ଓ 'ବୃକ୍ଷମିତ୍ର’ ପୁରସ୍କାର ପ୍ରଦାନ କରାଯାଉଛି । ନଦୀକୂଳରେ ଥିବା ପ୍ରଧାନ ପ୍ରଧାନ ସହରର ନର୍ଦ୍ଦମା ଜଳ ଓ କଳକାରଖାନାର ଦୂଷିତ, ମଇଳା ଆବର୍ଜନାକୁ ବିଶୋଧନ କରି ନଦୀକୁ ଛଡ଼ା ଯାଉଛି । ସିମେଣ୍ଟ କାରଖାନା ଓ ତାପଜ ବିଦ୍ୟୁତ୍ କେନ୍ଦ୍ରରୁ ନିର୍ଗତ ହେଉଥିବା ପାଉଁଶକୁ ଛଣାଯିବାର ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା କରାଯାଉଛି । ଉପକୂଳ ଅଞ୍ଚଳରେ କରାଯାଉଥିବା ଚିଙ୍ଗୁଡ଼ି ଚାଷ ଯୋଗେ ପରିବେଶ ପ୍ରଦୂଷିତ ହେଉଥିବାରୁ ସୁପ୍ରିମ କୋର୍ଟଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶରେ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ ବନ୍ଦ କରିବା ପାଇଁ ଉଦ୍ୟମ କରାଯାଉଛି । କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଓ ରାଜ୍ୟ ସ୍ତରରେ ପରିବେଶ ସୁରକ୍ଷା ନିମନ୍ତେ ସ୍ବତନ୍ତ୍ର ବିଭାଗ ଖୋଲାଯାଇ ଏ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମକୁ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରଣ କରାଯାଉଛି ।

ଉପସଂହାର : ପରିବେଶ ସୁରକ୍ଷା ପାଇଁ ଯେତେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମ କରାଯାଉଛି ଏବଂ ଏ ବାବଦରେ ଯେତେ ଅର୍ଥ ବ୍ୟୟ କରାଯାଉଛି, ତାହା ଆଶାନୁରୂପ ଫଳ ଦେଇପାରୁ ନାହିଁ । ଏ ଦିଗରେ ପ୍ରଧାନ ପ୍ରତିବନ୍ଧକ ହେଉଛି ରାଜନୀତି। ରାଜନୀତିକ କାରଣରୁ ବିଶେଷଜ୍ଞମାନଙ୍କର ମତକୁ ଉପେକ୍ଷା କରି ନୂତନ ନୂତନ ହୋଟେଲ, କୋଠାବାଡ଼ି, ରାସ୍ତାଘାଟ, ଶିଳ୍ପ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠାନମାନ ତିଆରି କରାଯାଉଛି। ପରିବେଶ ସୁରକ୍ଷା ପାଇଁ ବିକାଶାମ୍ବକ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମ ହାତକୁ ନିଆଗଲାବେଳେ ରାଜନୀତି ସହିତ ଦୁର୍ନୀତି ଓ ଅସାଧୁତା ମଧ୍ୟ ଏହି ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟକୁ ବ୍ୟାହତ କରୁଛି । ସୁତରାଂ ପ୍ରଦୂଷଣ ଭଳି ଏକ ଉତ୍କଟ ସମସ୍ୟା ପ୍ରତି ଜନସାଧାରଣ, ସରକାର ଓ ରାଜନୈତିକ ନେତୃବୃନ୍ଦ ସମସ୍ତେ ସତର୍କ ରହିବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ।

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Air Pollution Essay in English (Essay on Air Pollution in English)

Air Pollution Essay in English: Air pollution is a critical environmental issue that affects people worldwide. It refers to the contamination of the air with harmful substances, including pollutants and gases, which can have serious consequences for our health, the environment, and the planet as a whole. This essay will delve into the causes, effects, and possible solutions to combat air pollution, emphasizing the importance of collective action in addressing this global crisis.

Table of Contents

Causes of air pollution: air pollution essay in english.

• Industrial Activities : One of the primary sources of air pollution is industrialization. Factories and manufacturing units release a multitude of pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter, into the atmosphere.
• Vehicle Emissions : The widespread use of automobiles powered by fossil fuels is another major contributor. These vehicles emit carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and NOx, which not only harm the air but also contribute to climate change.
• Agricultural Practices : Agricultural activities release ammonia and methane, both potent air pollutants. Pesticides and fertilizers also contribute to air pollution.
• Deforestation : The removal of trees and forests reduces the Earth’s natural capacity to filter pollutants from the air. This leads to an increase in harmful gases like CO2.
• Waste Disposal : Inadequate waste disposal methods, such as open burning of trash, release harmful chemicals and particulates into the air.

Effects of Air Pollution

• Health Impacts : Air pollution can lead to respiratory problems, cardiovascular diseases, and even cancer. Vulnerable groups like children, the elderly, and people with pre-existing health conditions are at a higher risk.
• Environmental Damage : Polluted air harms ecosystems by acidifying soil and water bodies, affecting plant and animal life. It can lead to the extinction of certain species and disrupt natural food chains.
• Climate Change : Some air pollutants, such as CO2 and methane, are greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming and climate change.
• Reduced Visibility : Particulate matter in the air reduces visibility, posing risks to transportation safety.
• Economic Costs : Air pollution leads to increased healthcare expenses and decreased labor productivity, resulting in substantial economic burdens on societies.

Solutions to Combat Air Pollution

• Transition to Clean Energy : Encouraging the use of renewable energy sources like solar and wind power reduces reliance on fossil fuels and decreases emissions from power plants.
• Promote Public Transportation : Investment in efficient and eco-friendly public transportation systems can reduce the number of vehicles on the road, thus decreasing emissions.
• Strict Emission Standards : Governments should enforce stricter emission standards for industries and vehicles, encouraging the adoption of cleaner technologies.
• Afforestation and Reforestation : Planting and protecting trees helps absorb CO2 and filter the air.
• Waste Management : Implementing efficient waste disposal and recycling methods reduces the release of harmful pollutants.
• Awareness and Education : Raising public awareness about the consequences of air pollution and educating individuals about sustainable practices can drive positive change.
• International Cooperation : Air pollution is a global issue that transcends borders. International agreements and collaborations are crucial for addressing the problem collectively.

Conclusion: Air Pollution Essay in English

Air pollution is a pressing issue that affects our health, environment, and future. The causes are diverse, but so are the potential solutions. As responsible global citizens, it is our duty to take individual actions and advocate for policies that combat air pollution . Through collective efforts, we can work towards a cleaner, healthier planet for current and future generations.

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FAQ: Air Pollution Essay in English

What is air pollution in 100 words.

Air pollution refers to the presence of harmful substances and pollutants in the Earth’s atmosphere, which can have adverse effects on human health, the environment, and climate. These pollutants include gases like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, as well as particulate matter from various sources such as industrial processes, vehicle emissions, and natural events. Air pollution can lead to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, damage to ecosystems, and contribute to climate change by releasing greenhouse gases. It poses a significant global challenge that requires concerted efforts to reduce emissions, transition to cleaner technologies, and promote sustainable practices for the well-being of both people and the planet.

How air pollution is caused?

Industrial Emissions : Factories and manufacturing processes release pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM) into the air. Transportation : Vehicles, especially those powered by fossil fuels, emit carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and NOx, contributing significantly to air pollution. Agriculture : Agricultural activities release ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4), while the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides also adds to air pollution. Deforestation : The removal of trees reduces the Earth’s natural ability to filter pollutants, allowing harmful gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) to accumulate. Waste Disposal : Inadequate waste management, including open burning of trash, releases harmful chemicals and particulates into the air. Natural Events : Natural events like wildfires and volcanic eruptions can release large amounts of pollutants and ash into the atmosphere. Residential Heating and Cooking : The use of solid fuels like wood and coal for heating and cooking in homes can emit pollutants, affecting indoor and outdoor air quality. Chemical Reactions : Certain chemical reactions in the atmosphere, such as the formation of ground-level ozone, can lead to air pollution. Power Generation : Power plants, especially those using coal and oil, release pollutants into the air when generating electricity.

What is the solution to air pollution?

The most basic solution for air pollution is to  move away from fossil fuels, replacing them with alternative energies like solar, wind, and geothermal . Producing clean energy is crucial. But equally important is to reduce our consumption of energy by adopting responsible habits and using more efficient devices.

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Air Pollution Essay in Odia Pdf || Bayu Pradushana in Odia Essay

Air pollution essay in odia pdf, bayu pradushana in odia essay, our environment essay in odia, paribesh pradushan odia rachana. Paribesa surakhya odia essay, air pollution in odia pdf.

Air Pollution Essay in Odia Pdf

Role: Air is the basis of life of living beings. Atmosphere is a very important part of the environment. Air is very essential for human life. Human life cannot be imagined without air. In the last few years, a big problem of air pollution has arisen in front of the world. Air pollution is taking a terrible form day by day. For the last several years, the number of factories in every city has increased a lot, due to which the atmosphere has been affected a lot. In 2015, 11 lakh people died due to pollution. Clean environmental air is very important to stay healthy. When there is a change in the composition of the air, there is a danger to health.

Meaning of air pollution: Air pollution means that the air becomes polluted due to the unnecessarily mixing of some elements in the air. Air pollution occurs when any kind of harmful substances such as chemicals, microscopic substances or organic substances are found in the environment.

When the internal structure is affected due to dust, smoke, toxic, gas, chemical vapors, scientific experiments in the air, that is, when the air becomes harmful to man and his environment when there is an excess of foreign substances, then this condition is called air. called pollution.

Reason for Air Pollution: The reason for the increase in air pollution so much is the wide spread of industries, increase in the number of smokeless vehicles and over-exploitation of sources of energy for domestic uses. The fresh air of the environment is getting contaminated day by day due to the addition of various, organic molecules, and many types of harmful materials. 

The increasing population of the world has made more use of natural resources. Large cities are becoming barren due to industrialization. The smoke emitted from vehicles and factories contains trace amounts of sulfur-di-oxide, which first turns into sulfide and later into sulfuric acid and remains in the air in the form of droplets. Some chemical gases reach the atmosphere and react with the ozone layer there and reduce their quantity, due to which air pollution also increases. If carbon-di-oxide, carbon-mono-oxide, nitrogen, oxide, hydrocarbon continue to be found in the atmosphere in this way, then air pollution will reach its peak.

Bayu Pradushana in Odia Essay

The biggest causes of air pollution are textile factories, chemical factories, oil refineries, sugar factories, metallurgical and cardboard factories, fertilizer and pesticide factories. Carbon-di-oxide, nitrogen, carbon-monoxide, sulphur, lead, beryllium, zinc, cadmium, mercury and dust from these factories reach the atmosphere directly, due to which air pollution increases. One reason for air pollution is the increasing population and people moving to cities. Trees and forests are cut continuously for the provision of living space and housing for the people, due to which there is an increase in air pollution. When there is no proper cleaning of public and personal toilets, due to which the air pollution in a particular area increases greatly.

When the skin of animals is removed and their dead body is thrown in the open space and due to the decomposition of its body, the stench spreads in the air, which causes air pollution. Nuclear energy contaminates the atmosphere due to space travel, nuclear technology development, or explosion or action for research work.

Solution to air pollution: Very soon some steps will have to be taken to reduce air pollution. We have to keep the smoke of homes, factories, factories, and vehicles within their limits and reduce firecrackers' use. The garbage should be thrown at regular place instead of burning.

All laws have to be strictly followed to prevent air pollution. The number of private vehicles will have to be reduced. The proper facilities of the public transport system will have to be controlled. Pollution control certificate is mandatory and air laws will have to be followed.

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Compelling private institutions to protect the environment will have to be controlled. Vehicles powered by solar, hydro, gas and electric energy will have to be invented and produced in place of petrol, diesel. The use of lead-free petrol has to be controlled. The misuse of vehicles has to be controlled. Deforestation should be encouraged. 

Prevention Of Air Pollution Essay in Odia Pdf 

• Prevention of air pollution: The air can be saved from contamination by removing the contaminants from the air. We can also reduce air pollution by forest conservation and tree plantation. In place of firewood, other alternatives of energy should be explored. Waste should be disposed of properly.
• Government should encourage afforestation. Industrial institutions should be located away from residential places. 
• Masks or goggles should be used while driving the vehicle. The government should use policies that work from home. 
• The cycle should be used as much as possible so that there is no air pollution.
• Trees around their homes should be taken care of and protected. Electricity should not be used when it is not needed much. 
• The cooler or fan should be run where you need it, the fan or cooler of the other places should be turned off. Instead of burning dry leaves, they should be used as manure.
• The pollution of your vehicle must be checked every three months. Always use leaded petrol. The effect of pollution in the house is very less than outside, that is why when the pollution outside becomes more, then it should go inside the houses.

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Essay on Air Pollution for Students and Children

500+ words essay on air pollution.

Essay on Air Pollution – Earlier the air we breathe in use to be pure and fresh. But, due to increasing industrialization and concentration of poisonous gases in the environment the air is getting more and more toxic day by day. Also, these gases are the cause of many respiratory and other diseases . Moreover, the rapidly increasing human activities like the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation is the major cause of air pollution.

How Air Gets Polluted?

The fossil fuel , firewood, and other things that we burn produce oxides of carbons which got released into the atmosphere. Earlier there happens to be a large number of trees which can easily filter the air we breathe in. But with the increase in demand for land, the people started cutting down of trees which caused deforestation. That ultimately reduced the filtering capacity of the tree.

Moreover, during the last few decades, the numbers of fossil fuel burning vehicle increased rapidly which increased the number of pollutants in the air .

Causes Of Air Pollution

Its causes include burning of fossil fuel and firewood, smoke released from factories , volcanic eruptions, forest fires, bombardment, asteroids, CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons), carbon oxides and many more.

Besides, there are some other air pollutants like industrial waste, agricultural waste, power plants, thermal nuclear plants, etc.

Greenhouse Effect

The greenhouse effect is also the cause of air pollution because air pollution produces the gases that greenhouse involves. Besides, it increases the temperature of earth surface so much that the polar caps are melting and most of the UV rays are easily penetrating the surface of the earth.

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Effects Of Air Pollution On Health

Moreover, it increases the rate of aging of lungs, decreases lungs function, damage cells in the respiratory system.

Ways To Reduce Air Pollution

Although the level of air pollution has reached a critical point. But, there are still ways by which we can reduce the number of air pollutants from the air.

Reforestation- The quality of air can be improved by planting more and more trees as they clean and filter the air.

Policy for industries- Strict policy for industries related to the filter of gases should be introduced in the countries. So, we can minimize the toxins released from factories.

Use of eco-friendly fuel-  We have to adopt the usage of Eco-friendly fuels such as LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas), CNG (Compressed Natural Gas), bio-gas, and other eco-friendly fuels. So, we can reduce the amount of harmful toxic gases.

To sum it up, we can say that the air we breathe is getting more and more polluted day by day. The biggest contribution to the increase in air pollution is of fossil fuels which produce nitric and sulphuric oxides. But, humans have taken this problem seriously and are devotedly working to eradicate the problem that they have created.

Above all, many initiatives like plant trees, use of eco-friendly fuel are promoted worldwide.

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June 5, 2019

Poison In The Air: Six Odisha Cities Most Polluted Among 102 In India

Odishabytes reports that six odisha cities are among the most heavily-polluted in india, with data from the aqli indicating its impact on resident life expectancy., sefali suman.

Bhubaneswar: Here is some disturbing news for Odisha as the world prepares to observe World Environment Day on Wednesday. Six cities of Odisha are among the 102 most polluted in India.

Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Balasore, Angul, Talcher, and Rourkela have failed to maintain the national ambient air quality standards fixed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).

Whatever be the season, women can be found walking on the busy streets of Bhubaneswar, their faces covered with a dupatta. The sight becomes more common as you move towards the industrial belt of the state.

Bhubaneswar witnessed the worst foggy sky in its history this winter. According to a report of the Odisha State Pollution Control Board, Bhubaneswar is recording an alarming level of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in air. It leads to serious aggravation of heart and lung diseases and increases the risk of premature death. It could also lead to cardio-respiratory diseases.

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) in its hearing on November 10, 2018 observed that in Odisha, the primary reasons of air pollution are vehicular emission, road dust, industrial pollution, pollution from construction, and demolition work.

University of Chicago’s Air Quality Life Index suggests that residents in Cuttack and Bhubaneswar could live 2.7 years longer if the government meets the WHO air quality standards.

Continue reading on Odishabytes…

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Odisha's story about pollution, mining and the environment

Odisha has been ranked as the fourth most polluted place in the world in a report. this high level of degradation is due to the heavy tapping of mineral resources from a dozen open cast mines in the area over 70 years..

Odisha’s resource-rich Sukinda valley acquired infamy as the fourth most polluted place in the world in 2007, ranked by the Blacksmith Institute of the US. The finding was vigorously contested by the state pollution control board as vastly exaggerated, but it did manage to cause a constructive debate on environmental issues in the region. The valley in Odisha’s Jajpur district has around 97% of the country’s reserves of chromite ore, a vital component in the production of stainless steel, leather and alloys. The downside to the heavy tapping of mineral resources from a dozen open cast mines in the area over 70 years has been the utter degradation of Sukinda’s landscape. Water in the region has been severely contaminated, the soil polluted with toxic substances, the forests almost wiped out and farms laid waste. Locals say half the mines now stand closed but the damage has already been done, thanks largely to the improper disposal of waste in river water by the miners. Hrudananda Nayak, a local resident who used to work in a mine that was closed in 2002, says people in a 20km radius of the mines have no choice but to drink toxic water and inhale chrome dust. “You will find people suffering from skin diseases, gastroenteritis and diabetes in every family across the valley. Every village has at least two cancer patients,” he said. After Nayak lost his mining job, he took up farming on his four acres of land but the production remains low as the soil has been degraded. Besides the 60,000 people falling under the seven gram panchayats of Sukinda, more than 40,000 in another five gram panchayats of the neighbouring Dhenkanal district have been directly affected by the fallout of mining. The importance of mining as a source of livelihood has also seen a rapid decline. In 1975, more than 40,000 labourers worked in the mines. The number is now down to 4,000 because of modernisation of processes. Modernisation, though, has not led to a let-up in the pollution level. Veteran labour union leader Mayadhar Nayak says mine owners should have been more responsible about waste disposal. "Dumping of waste in the river has worked like slow poison. Diseases take time to surface but their seeds were sowed over a long period,” he says. The Brahmani, Odisha’s second-largest river that runs through Sukinda valley, is the state’s most polluted because of excessive hexavalent chromium exposure, which has multiplied the risk from cancer-causing carcinogenic substances for the 26 lakh people dependent on the river. Surveys have indicated more than 80% deaths in heavily mined areas are caused by chromite-related diseases. Though the state pollution control board disputed the Blacksmith Institute report as highly exaggerated, its own findings also showed high levels of hexavalent chromium in surface water. Hearing a writ petition in May last year, the Orissa high court was not satisfied with a report by the state pollution control board that the pH and hexavalent chromium levels after treatment were within the limits prescribed under the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 and asked the central pollution control board to conduct an independent study on Sukinda’s pollution. The central board gave its report in October last year, saying that hexavalent chromium pollution had gone up due to chromite mining and recommended the constitution of a consortium of members from all mines operating in the valley to take remedial steps. Casting doubt over the consortium’s efficacy, noted environmentalist and water activist Ranjan Panda says local authorities can not evade responsibility as without their connivance mine owners could not have polluted the area with impunity. “Though an independent assessment was done upon the high court’s intervention, we doubt it will address the alarming proportions of pollution,” says Panda. “Only one season’s data were analysed. A thorough study is needed. The consortium thing does not address issues related to the damage already done.”

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• Air Pollution Essay

Essay on Air Pollution

Environmental changes are caused by the natural or artificial content of harmful pollutants and can cause instability, disturbance, or adverse effects on the ecosystem. Earth and its environment pose a more serious threat due to the increasing pollution of air, water, and soil. Environmental damage is caused by improper resource management or careless human activities. Therefore, any activity that violates the original nature of the environment and leads to degradation is called pollution. We need to understand the origin of these pollutants and find ways to control pollution. This can also be done by raising awareness of the effects of pollutants.

Air pollution is any physical, chemical, or biological change in the air. A certain percentage of the gas is present in the atmosphere. Increasing or decreasing the composition of these gasses is detrimental to survival. This imbalance in gas composition causes an increase in global temperature which is called global warming.

Introduction to air pollution 

The Earth and its environment are facing a serious threat by the increasing pollution of the air, water, and soil—the vital life support systems of the Earth. The damage to the environment is caused by improper management of resources or by careless human activity. Hence any activity that violates the original character of nature and leads to its degradation is called pollution. We need to understand the sources of these pollutants and find ways to control pollution. This can be also done by making people aware of the effects of pollutants. 

Air with 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, and 1% of all other gasses support life on Earth. Various processes take place to sustain the regular percentage of gasses and their composition in general. 

Atmospheric pollution can have natural sources, for example, volcanic eruptions. The gaseous by-products of man-made processes such as energy production, waste incineration, transport, deforestation and agriculture, are the major air pollutants.

Although air is made up of mostly Oxygen and Nitrogen, mankind, through pollution, has increased the levels of many trace gasses, and in some cases, released completely new gasses to the atmosphere. 

Air pollution can result in poor air quality, both in cities and in the countryside. Some air pollutants make people sick, causing breathing problems and increasing the likelihood of cancer. 

Some air pollutants are harmful to plants, animals, and the ecosystems in which they live. Statues, monuments, and buildings are being corroded by the air pollutants in the form of acid rain. It also damages crops and forests, and makes lakes and streams unsuitable for fish and other plant and animal life. 

Air pollution created by man-made resources is also changing the Earth’s atmosphere. It is causing the depletion of the ozone layer and letting in more harmful radiation from the Sun. The greenhouse gasses released into the atmosphere prevents heat from escaping back into space and leads to a rise in global average temperatures. Global warming affects the average sea-level and increases the spread of tropical diseases.

Air pollution occurs when large amounts of gas and tiny particles are released into the air and the ecological balance is disturbed. Each year millions of tons of gasses and particulate matter are emitted into the air. 

Primary air pollutants are pollutants, which are directly released into the air. They are called SPM, i.e., Suspended Particulate Matter. For example, smoke, dust, ash, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, and radioactive compounds, etc.

Secondary Pollutants are pollutants, which are formed due to chemical interactions between the atmospheric components and primary pollutants. For example, Smog (i.e. Smoke and fog), ozone, etc.

Major gaseous air pollutants include Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide, etc.

Natural sources are volcanic eruptions, forest fires, dust storms, etc. 

Man-made sources include gasses released from the automobiles, industries, burning of garbage and bricks kilns, etc.

Effects of Air Pollution on Human Health

Air pollution has adverse effects on human health. 

Breathing polluted air puts you at higher risk of asthma.

When exposed to ground ozone for 6 to 7 hours, people suffer from respiratory inflammation.

Damages the immune system, endocrine, and reproductive systems.

A high level of air pollution has been associated with higher incidents of heart problems.

The toxic chemicals released into the air are affecting the flora and fauna immensely.

Preventive Measures to Reduce Air Pollution

We can prevent pollution by utilizing raw materials, water energy, and other resources more efficiently. When less harmful substances are substituted for hazardous ones, and when toxic substances are eliminated from the production process, human health can be protected and economic wellbeing can be strengthened. 

There are several measures that can be adopted by people to reduce pollution and to save the environment.

Carpooling.

Promotion of public transport.

No smoking zone.

Restricted use of fossil fuels.

Saving energy.

Encouraging organic farming.

The government has put restrictions on the amount of fossil fuels that can be used as well as restrictions on how much carbon dioxide and other pollutants can be emitted. Although the government is attempting to save our environment from these harmful gasses, it is not sufficient. We as a society need to keep the environment clean by controlling the pollution of air.

FAQs on Air Pollution Essay

1. State the Causes of Air Pollution ?

The following are the causes of air pollution.

Vehicular pollution consisting of Carbon Monoxide causes pollution.

Emission of Nitrogen oxide by a large number of supersonic transport airplanes causes deterioration of the Ozone layer and also causes serious damage to the flora and fauna.

The release of Chlorofluorocarbons into the Stratosphere causes depletion of Ozone, which is a serious concern to animals, microscopic, and aquatic organisms.

Burning garbage causes smoke, which pollutes the atmosphere. This smoke contains harmful gases such as Carbon dioxide and Nitrogen oxides.

In India, brick kilns are used for many purposes and coal is used to burn the bricks. They give out huge quantities of Carbon dioxide and particulate matter such as smoke, dust that are very harmful to people working there and the areas surrounding it. 

Many cleansing agents release poisonous gases such as Ammonia and Chlorine into the atmosphere. 

Radioactive elements emit harmful rays into the air.

Decomposed animals and plants emit Methane and Ammonia gas into the air.

2. What Does Global Warming Mean?

Global warming is the gradual rising average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere due to the concentration of methane in certain toxic gasses such as carbon dioxide. This has a major impact on the world climate. The world is warming. The land and the sea are now warmer than they were at the beginning and temperatures are still rising. This rise in temperature is, in short, global warming. This temperature rise is man-made. The burning of fossil fuels releases greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere which capture solar heat and raise surface and air temperatures.

3. Name the Alternative Modes of Transport. In What Way Does it Help to Reduce Air Pollution?

Public transport could be an alternative mode of transport. Public transport like trains, buses and trams, can relieve traffic congestion and reduce air pollution from road transport. The use of public transport must be encouraged in order to develop a sustainable transport policy.

4. Mention other means of transportation! How can I help reduce air pollution?

Public transportation can be another mode of transportation. Public transport such as trains, buses and trams can reduce traffic congestion and reduce air pollution from road transport. The use of public transport and to develop sustainable transport policies should be encouraged. While one passenger vehicle has the convenience factor, other modes of transportation reduce travel costs, spend less time, reduce stress, improve health, and reduce energy consumption and parking. Other trips for work include walking/cycling, public transport, hybrid travel and transport.

5. What are the effects of pollution?

Excessive air pollution can increase the risk of heart attack, wheezing, coughing and difficulty breathing, as well as irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. Air pollution can also cause heart problems, asthma, and other lung problems. Due to the emission of greenhouse gases, the composition of the air in the air is disturbed. This causes an increase in global temperature. The damaging ozone layer due to air pollution does not prevent harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun, which cause skin and eye problems in individuals. Air pollution has caused a number of respiratory and heart diseases among people. The incidence of lung cancer has increased in recent decades. Children living in contaminated areas are more likely to develop pneumonia and asthma. Many people die every year due to the direct or indirect effects of air pollution. When burning fossil fuels, harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides are released into the air. Water droplets combine with these pollutants and become acidic and fall as acid rain, which harms human, animal and plant life.

6. What is the solution to air pollution?

Production of renewable fuels and clean energy. The basic solution to air pollution is to get away from fossil fuels and replace them with other energies such as solar, wind and geothermal. The government limits the amount of fossil fuel that can be used and how much carbon dioxide and other pollutants it can emit. While the government is trying to save our environment from this harmful gas, it is not enough. We as a society need to keep the environment clean by controlling air pollution. To more in detail about air pollution and its causes. To learn more about air pollution and its impact on the environment, visit the Vedantu website.

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an essay on air pollution 

Summary of Air Pollution

       You will have heard about the most tragic industrial disaster of 3 December, 1984 in which deadly gas from the Union Carbide Chemical Plant at Bhopal escaped into the atmosphere and caused colossal loss of life. Nowadays we breathe polluted air and are prone to be victims of air pollution.   

      We cannot live without breathing even for a minute. The air we breathe is a mixture of gases comprising nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide. If oxygen level is reduced or irritating gases enter the atmosphere, then the air is polluted and inhalation of this polluted air leads to respiratory disorders.  

        Nowadays industries release lots of smoke into the atmosphere and pollute it. We respire the polluted air and our lungs become garbage dumps. Thermal power stations discharge smoke and ash. Cement, steel, ore processing industries and chemical industries also release toxic fumes and smoke. The automobile exhausts spawn lots of pollutants into the atmosphere. The level of pollution in metropolitan cities is quite alarming due to buses, Lorries, cars, jeeps and two wheeler. Automobiles are responsible for 60% of air pollution since they release maximum carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.  

           The damage caused by air pollution is enormous. Flower and vegetable crops, trees, and cattle are badly affected. Air pollution also affects rubber tyres on automobiles and fine buildings.  

effects of air pollution

       Air pollution has damaging effects on the human body. It causes eye irritation, scratchy throats and respiratory illnesses. Much direct harm is done by air pollution. Harmful gases like carbon dioxide trap the radiation from the sun, for which the atmosphere becomes warmer and this leads to global warming.      

      Scientists are worried about the widespread use of CFC, which is thought to be harmful to the ozone layer in the earth's atmosphere. Another concern is acid rain. Rain is made acid by gases released from factories becoming dissolved in it and that damages trees, crops, buildings, lakes, rivers and drinking water. Acid rain damages everything it falls on. Fish die in rivers. It leeches away nutrients from the soil, for which trees become leafless. The animals and birds living in forests also die. Acid rain also affects our health. It irritates the sensitive tissues of our eyes and lungs, and causes skin lesions. Buildings are also affected by acidic smog.

       Three basic approaches can control air pollution. They are (i) preventive measures (changing the ingredients of fuel), (i) dispersal measures (raising the heights of smokestacks), and (iii) collection measures (designing equipment to trap pollutants before they escape into the atmosphere).

         Now all the industrialized nations have some type of legislation to control air pollution. Pollutants are carried by the wind from one country to another. Acid rain originated in the USA affected Canada and that originated in Britain and France caused damage in Sweden.

          Air quality programmes have brought about improvements in many areas. Burning low sulfur coal and oil in factories has lowered pollution in many cities. Automobiles have been redesigned and equipped with devices that change pollutants into harmless substances. Air pollution from car exhaust has been reduced.

         Bringing about new developments to control pollution is not so easy. Researchers are seeking new ways. Vast sums of money are needed to clean the air. Pollution control means higher prices to cover the cost of control devices. The day will come when people can breathe pure air in cities where the sunlight is not blocked by an umbrella of pollution.  

Question Answer on air pollution

Question.1. What accident took place at Bhopal in 1984 ?

Answer: In 1984 deadly gas from a chemical plant operated by Union Carbide escaped into the atmosphere killing over 4,000 local residents and rendering blind and crippling a large number of the city's surviving population.

Question.2. Why Is it called an industrial accident ?

Answer : It is called an industrial accident because of the accident of emission of deadly gas  related to an industry, that is the chemical plant operated by Union Carbide.

Question. 3. What were the tragic consequences of it ?

Answer : The tragic consequences were that over 4,000 local residents were killed and a large section of the city's surviving population was rendered blind and crippling.

Question. 4. How is air important to man ? 

Answer : Air is extremely important to man because man cannot live without breathing even for a minute. (not : important for)

Question 5. What Is the major source of contamination of the human body ?

Answer: The major source of contamination of the human body is air that enters our body through respiration. 

Question 6. What is the composition of air ?

Answer : The composition of air is 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen and a little less than and one per cent argon and 0.03 per carbon dioxide.  

Question 7. When is air said to be polluted ?

Answer : Air is said to be polluted when the oxygen level gets reduced or Irritating gases enter the atmosphere.  

Question 8. What fuels do the industries use?

Answer : Industries use coal, coke and furnace oil.   

Question 9. How does the released smoke affect men ?

Answer: The released smoke mingles with the atmospheric air and pollutes it. When man respires this polluted air containing obnoxious gases, ash and dust particles, he is badly affected.  

Question 10. Why do thermal power stations cause more pollution ?

Answer: The thermal power stations cause more pollution because they discharge high amounts of smoke and ash, thereby contributing to air pollution.

Question 11. What are the other Industries equally harmful to us ? (not : for us)

Answer: The other industries that are equally harmful to us are cement, steel and ore processing industries.

Question 12. Why are automobiles Increasing on the Road ? 

Answer: Automobiles are increasing on the road to meet the demands of an exploding population.

Question 13. How do automobiles contribute to air pollution ?

Answer : Automobiles contribute to air pollution by releasing maximum carbon dioxide Into the atmosphere.

Question 14. What are the effects of air pollution on vegetable crops and trees ?

Answer : Vegetable crops suffer ill effects from car exhaust gases. Trees are killed by pollution from power plants.  

Question 15. How are buildings affected by polluted air ?

Answer : Because of polluted air, fine buildings become shabby and their walls are blackened with soot settling on them. Building surfaces also deteriorate because of air pollution.

Question 16. What health problems are caused by polluted air ?

Answer : Polluted air causes eye irritations, scratchy throats and respiratory illnesses. It also contributes to a number of serious diseases.

Question 17. How Is air pollution responsible for Increasing the temperature ?

Answer : Air pollution increases the amounts of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide in the atmosphere. These gases tend to trap the radiation that reaches the earth from the sun. Consequently, the atmosphere becomes warmer.   

Question 18. What harm can a refrigerant do?

Answer : A refrigerant can destroy the atmospheric layer that protects us from harmful kinds of solar energy.

Question 19. What is Acid Rain ?

Answer : Acid rain is the rain that has chemicals in it from factories, etc and that causes damage to trees, buildings and rivers.  

Question 20. How Is water affected by acid rain ?

Answer : Owing to acid rain the water in rivers and lakes turns acidic, for which fish cannot survive.

Question 21. What is the Impact of Acid Rain on Soil ?

Answer : Acid rain changes the soil's nutrient content. It leeches away nutrients like potassium, calcium, and magnesium from the upper layer that help trees grow. Such is the Impact of acid rain on soil.  

Question 22. What are the ways to control air pollution ?

Answer: The ways to control air pollution are (i) preventive measures such as changing the raw materials used in industry, or the Ingredients of fuel. (ii) dispersal measures such as raising the heights of smokestacks and (iii) collection measures, such as designing equipment to trap pollutants before they escape into the atmosphere.  

Question 23. How have different countries tried to check It ?

Answer: Different countries have tried to check air pollution by having some types of legislation.  

Question 24. How have the air quality programmes brought us benefits ?

Answer : The air quality programmes have brought improvements in many areas. Burning low sulfur coal and oil in factories and power plants has lowered pollution in many cities. To meet standards, automobile engines have been redesigned and new cars have been equipped with devices such as the catalytic converter which changes pollutants into harmless substances. Because of these new devices, air pollution from car exhausts has also been reduced.  

Question 25. Why do we still need to find better ways to control air pollution ?

Answer: It is not easy to find better ways to control air pollution. Many people are involved in research seeking new ways. Vast sums of money will be spent to clean the air. The cost of control devices in emission systems of new cars will be great. But the cost Is justified so that people in cities can breathe pure air.

Question 25. Why does the oxygen level In the atmosphere get reduced ? What could be its consequences ?

Answer: Oxygen level in the atmosphere gets reduced because various irritating gases produced by a large number of industries in recent times mingle with the atmospheric air and pollute it. The consequences of the reduction of oxygen in the atmosphere results in various kinds of ailments especially respiratory disorders.  

Question 26. How do the chemical industries cause dangerous air pollution ? What are its far reaching consequences ?

Answer: Chemical industries cause dangerous air pollution by discharging high amounts of smoke and releasing toxic fumes into the air. As a result, the damage caused by it is enormous. Trees are killed, cattle are poisoned, rubber tyres on automobiles are and become porous, fine buildings become shabby and their walls are blackened with soot. But its far-reaching effect is the damage caused to the human body. Air pollution causes eye irritations, scratchy throats and respiratory illnesses and a number of serious diseases. Above all, the gases produced trap the radiation, for which the atmosphere becomes warmer and it leads to global warming.

Question 27. How is acid rain caused ?

Answer: Power stations and factories are usually powered by coal, oil or natural gas. When these fossil fuels bum, they emit Sulfur and nitrogen oxides are released. Nitrogen oxide is also present in the exhaust emissions of cars. These oxides rise into the atmosphere and they are converted to acids forming clouds of high acidity. Thus acid rain is caused.

Question 28. How does polluted air travel from one country to another ?

Answer : Pollutants are carried by the wind from one country to another, often for distances of thousands of miles. In this way polluted air travels from one country to another.

  10 questions on pollution multiple choice questions on air pollution with answer air pollution question and answer pdf 

Question 29. What steps can be taken to reduce the pollution caused by automobiles? Is air pollution a global problem ?

Answer : To reduce the pollution caused by automobiles, automobile engines can be redesigned and new cars can be equipped with devices, such as the catalytic converter which changes pollutants into harmless substances. By means of these new devices air pollution from car exhausts can be reduced.

Additional Questions Answer (Subjective)

Question 1. Write about the composition of air.

Answer. The air we breathe in is a mixture of many gases. Pure air comprises 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and a little less than 1% argon along with 0.03% carbon dioxide. Any change in this composition means air pollution. Inhaling this contaminated air may lead to serious respiratory disorders.  

Question 2. What are the basic approaches to control air pollution caused by Industries ?

Answer. There are three basic approaches to control air pollution. Preventive measures which necessitates replacing the raw materials or fuels that cause pollution with better and safer alternatives. Dispersal measures such as rising the heights of the vents. And, Collection measures like designing equipment that can trap pollutants before they can enter the atmosphere.

Question 3. What are the main causes of air pollution?

Answer. The main causes of air pollution are Industrial and automobile exhausts. Automobiles alone contribute 60% of the air pollution in various parts of the world. The fuel used by industries for production also releases dense smoke into the atmosphere which disturbs the air composition. Apart from these the widespread use of various chemicals and chlorofluorocarbons destroy the atmospheric layer that protects us from harmful rays of the sun.  

Question 4. What affects man more - contaminated food or contaminated air ? How ?

Answer. Contaminated air affects our health more. A man can live without food for about a month, but without air we won't survive more than a few minutes. As per estimation an average adult exchanges 15 kg of air per day, whereas he takes only about 1.5 kg of food per day. As we take in more air than food, contaminated air affects us more than contaminated food.  

Question 5. What are the effects of acid rain?

Answer. Acid rain causes rivers and lakes to dry up. It destroys elegant monuments, huge constructions and also damages our crops, houses and health. Acid rain destroys water bodies by making them acidic and killing their inhabitants. It also damages the healthy soil composition. Many species are endangered owing to acid rain. Some have even gone completely extinct.

Noun.                     Verb. 

·          Resident.              Reside

·          Pollution                pollute

·          Composition.        Compose

·          Inhalation.             Inhale

·          Emission.               Emit

·          Comparison.          Compare

·          Knowledge.            Know

·          Recovery.               Recover

·          Destruction.           Destroy

·          Contamination.      Contaminate

·          Precipitation.          Precipitate

·          Deterioration.         Deteriorate

·          Consumption.         Consume

·          Alteration.               Alter

·          Belief.                     Believe

·          Reduction.              Reduce

·          Operation.              Operate

·          Expectation.            Expect

·          Representation.      Represent

·          Radiation.               Radiate

·          Illustration.              Illustrate

·          Justification.           Justify

·          Prevention.             Prevent

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