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The Ultimate Guide to Acing the AP Research Exam

By Eric Eng

Are you looking for tips and strategies to conquer the AP Research Exam? Look no further! This comprehensive guide will break down everything you need to know to ace this challenging test. From understanding the importance of the exam to studying effectively, we’ve got you covered. Let’s dive in!

What is the AP Research Exam?

The AP Research Exam is a rigorous assessment administered by the College Board . It is part of the Advanced Placement (AP) Program, which offers college-level courses and exams to high school students. AP Research is the culmination of the AP Capstone Diploma program and is designed to provide students with valuable research skills that are applicable across various disciplines.

The exam is typically taken in the final year of high school and requires students to complete a major academic research project. This project allows students to explore a research question or problem of their choice, design a study, analyze data, and present their findings in a written report and an oral presentation.

Undertaking the AP Research Exam is a significant endeavor that requires students to demonstrate their ability to think critically, analyze complex information, and communicate their findings effectively. The exam is divided into the academic paper and the presentation. The academic paper is a written document that showcases the student’s research process, including the research question, methodology, data analysis, and conclusions. The presentation, on the other hand, allows students to present their research findings concisely and engagingly.

One of the key aspects of the AP Research Exam is the freedom it offers students in choosing their research topic. This allows students to explore their interests and passions, making the research process more engaging and meaningful. Whether it’s investigating the impact of climate change on local ecosystems, analyzing the effectiveness of educational policies, or exploring the cultural significance of art forms, students can delve into a subject they are truly passionate about.

Students are encouraged to think critically and problem-solve throughout the research process. They must identify gaps in existing research, develop research questions that address them, and design appropriate methodologies to gather and analyze data. This enhances their research skills and fosters a deeper understanding of the subject matter they are studying.

Moreover, the AP Research Exam equips students with valuable skills that extend beyond the classroom. The ability to conduct independent research, analyze data, and present findings is highly valued in college and professional settings. By successfully completing the AP Research Exam, students demonstrate their readiness for higher education and the workforce challenges.

In conclusion, the AP Research Exam is a comprehensive assessment that allows high school students to showcase their research skills and explore a topic of their choice. Through completing a major academic research project, students develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills essential for college success and beyond. The exam provides a valuable learning experience and prepares students for the rigors of higher education and the demands of the modern workforce.

What is on the AP Research Exam?

The AP Research Exam includes an academic paper, presentation, and oral defense. The academic paper is a written report that outlines your research question, methodology, findings, and conclusions. The presentation and oral defense require you to present a summary of your research and answer questions from a panel of evaluators.

It is crucial to thoroughly understand and demonstrate proficiency in the following skills to excel in the AP Research Exam:

• Formulating a research question
• Conducting literature reviews
• Designing and executing a research plan
• Analyzing and interpreting data
• Communicating research findings effectively

Formulating a research question is the first step in conducting any research. It involves identifying a specific problem or topic of interest and formulating a clear and concise question you seek to answer through your research. This skill requires critical thinking and identifying gaps in existing knowledge.

Conducting literature reviews is an essential part of any research project. It involves searching for and reviewing relevant academic articles, books, and other information sources related to your research question. This skill requires strong research skills and synthesizing information from multiple sources.

Designing and executing a research plan involves developing a detailed plan for how you will collect and analyze data to answer your research question . This includes selecting appropriate research methods, determining the sample size, and ensuring that ethical considerations are considered. This skill requires careful planning and attention to detail.

Analyzing and interpreting data is a critical skill in research. It involves organizing and summarizing data, identifying patterns and trends, and drawing meaningful conclusions. This skill requires proficiency in statistical analysis and critically evaluating the findings’ significance.

Communicating research findings effectively is the final step in the research process. It involves presenting your findings clearly and concisely in writing and orally. This skill requires strong communication skills and the ability to convey complex information to various audiences effectively.

Following the Understanding by Design (Wiggins and McTighe) model, the curriculum framework aims to offer a precise and comprehensive outline of the necessary course requirements for achieving student success. This conceptual approach will direct the creation and arrangement of learning outcomes, progressing from broad to specific, ultimately resulting in focused statements concerning the content knowledge and skills essential for excelling in the course.

The AP Research curriculum comprises five overarching concepts. As always, you can structure the course content as you see fit.

• Big Idea 1: Question and Explore
• Big Idea 2: Understand and Analyze 
• Big Idea 3: Evaluate Multiple Perspectives
• Big Idea 4: Synthesize Ideas
• Big Idea 5: Team, Transform, and Transmit

The course and exam description for AP Research delineates specific abilities, referred to as transferable skills and proficiencies, which students are encouraged to cultivate and apply consistently throughout the academic year.

AP Research Exam Scoring Breakdown

The AP Research Exam is an important assessment that allows students to showcase their research skills and academic abilities. It is scored on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the highest score. The exam consists of three major components: the academic paper, the presentation, and the oral defense. Each component is evaluated based on specific criteria and rubrics provided by the College Board.

The academic paper, which accounts for 75% of the total score, is a comprehensive research document that demonstrates a student’s ability to conduct independent research, analyze data, and draw meaningful conclusions. This paper is a culmination of months of hard work and dedication, and it is crucial for students to carefully review the scoring guidelines to understand what the evaluators are looking for.

These components contribute to the remaining 25% of the total score regarding the presentation and oral defense. The presentation allows students to communicate their research findings to an audience effectively. It requires strong public speaking skills and creating visually engaging and informative slides. On the other hand, the oral defense is a chance for students to defend their research and respond to questions from a panel of evaluators.

Students need to approach the AP Research Exam with a strategic mindset. By thoroughly understanding the scoring breakdown and the expectations set by the College Board, students can tailor their preparation to maximize their scores. This may involve seeking feedback from teachers or mentors, conducting practice presentations, and revising the academic paper to ensure it meets the highest standards.

Furthermore, the AP Research Exam is an opportunity for students to earn college credit and develop valuable skills that will benefit them in their future academic and professional endeavors. Through conducting research, students learn how to formulate research questions, gather and analyze data, and present their findings clearly and concisely. These highly transferable skills will serve students well in college and beyond.

The AP Research Exam is a comprehensive assessment that evaluates students’ research skills and academic abilities. Students can increase their chances of earning a high score by understanding the scoring breakdown and investing time and effort into each component. Moreover, the skills developed throughout this process will prove valuable in future academic and professional pursuits.

Why is the AP Research Exam important?

The AP Research Exam holds significant value for students for several reasons. Firstly, successfully completing the AP Research course and exam signals to colleges and universities that you have demonstrated high research skills and academic rigor. This can give you a competitive edge in the college admissions process.

AP programs are designed to provide high school students with college-level content, allowing them to earn college credit and potentially skip introductory-level courses when they enter college. Here are key aspects of Advanced Placement programs:

1. Course Offerings:

• AP courses cover a wide range of subjects, including but not limited to mathematics, sciences, social sciences, languages, arts, and humanities. Each AP course is designed to reflect the content and difficulty of a comparable introductory college-level course.

2. Curriculum Rigor:

• AP courses are known for their challenging curriculum. They go beyond the depth and complexity of typical high school courses, requiring students to engage in critical thinking, analysis, and application of knowledge.

3. Exam Structure:

• Each AP course culminates in a standardized exam administered by the College Board. The exams typically consist of a multiple-choice section and a free-response section. The exams are scored on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the highest possible score.

4. College Credit and Placement:

• A primary incentive for students to take AP courses is the opportunity to earn college credit. Many colleges and universities in the United States and worldwide recognize high AP exam scores and may grant credit or advanced placement to students who perform well.

5. College Admissions:

• Completing AP courses and performing well on the exams can enhance a student’s college application. Colleges often view participation in AP programs as an indicator of a student’s commitment to academic excellence and preparedness for the challenges of higher education.

6. Flexibility and Choice:

• Students can take one or more AP courses based on their interests and academic goals. The program’s flexibility allows students to tailor their coursework to align with their intended college majors or career paths.

7. Global Recognition:

• AP programs are recognized globally, and students from various countries participate in AP courses and exams. This international recognition can be advantageous for students considering higher education abroad.

8. AP Capstone Program:

• The AP Capstone Program is a set of two courses, AP Seminar and AP Research, designed to develop students’ research, collaboration, and presentation skills. Completion of the AP Capstone Program is recognized by colleges as a significant academic accomplishment.

9. Professional Development for Teachers:

• The College Board provides professional development opportunities for teachers who instruct AP courses. This training ensures that educators are well-prepared to deliver the rigorous content of AP programs.

Important Notes:

• Student Choice: While participation in AP programs is encouraged, students must choose courses that align with their interests and academic strengths.
• Preparation: Success in AP courses often requires strong study habits, time management, and dedication. Adequate preparation is crucial for performing well on AP exams.
• College Policies: College credit policies vary, and students need to research the credit-granting policies of the specific colleges they plan to apply to.

Here are other reasons why the AP Research exam is important:

• Opportunity to delve deep into a personally interesting topic.
• Focus on cultivating critical thinking skills.
• Emphasis on honing problem-solving abilities.
• Skills acquired are highly valued in higher education.
• Skills are transferable and beneficial in the workforce.
• The AP Research Exam contributes to personal growth and future success.
• Showcases the ability to conduct independent research.
• Demonstrates proficiency in analyzing complex information.
• Signals readiness to excel in a rigorous academic environment.
• Encourages the exploration of personal interests.
• Provides a structured and academic framework for pursuing passions.
• Allows the selection of a captivating research topic.
• Immersion in a subject of genuine passion.
• Facilitates a more fulfilling and rewarding learning journey.
• Encourages engagement and enthusiasm throughout the course.
• Challenge to analyze complex issues.
• Emphasis on evaluating evidence and drawing reasoned conclusions.
• Applicability of skills not only in academia but also in real-world scenarios.
• Opportunities for collaboration with peers.
• Development of effective communication skills through projects and presentations.
• Preparation for an interconnected world that values teamwork.
• Acquisition of valuable research skills.
• Ability to gather and analyze data.
• Proficiency in conducting literature reviews and presenting findings.
• Ethical Considerations in Research:
• Understanding the importance of ethical considerations.
• Learning about the responsible conduct of research.
• Ensuring integrity and respect for the rights and well-being of research participants.

The AP Research Exam is an important milestone for students, offering numerous benefits beyond earning college credit. It provides an opportunity to showcase research skills, explore personal interests, develop critical thinking abilities, foster collaboration, and acquire valuable research skills. By successfully completing the AP Research Exam, students enhance their college applications and gain a solid foundation for future academic and professional success.

Who should take the AP Research Exam?

The AP Research Exam is designed for students who have completed the AP Research course, which is part of the AP Capstone Program. Here are the key considerations for determining who should take the AP Research exam:

Enrollment in AP Research Course:

Students typically take the AP Research Exam after completing the AP Research course. This course is part of the AP Capstone Program and provides students with the opportunity to conduct independent research on a topic of their choice.

Completion of Prerequisites:

Students should have successfully completed any prerequisites for the AP Research course as determined by their school. Prerequisites may vary, but they often include completion of other AP courses or specific coursework in research-related skills .

Interest in Independent Research:

The AP Research Exam suits students who are genuinely interested in conducting independent research. Students should be motivated to explore a research question in depth and demonstrate their ability to design, implement, and present a research project.

Commitment to the Research Process:

Students taking the AP Research Exam should be willing to commit time and effort to the research process. This includes formulating a research question, conducting a literature review, designing a methodology, collecting and analyzing data, and presenting findings.

Effective Communication Skills:

The exam includes an oral presentation and defense, requiring students to communicate their research process and findings effectively. Students should be comfortable presenting their work and responding to questions from a panel of evaluators.

Academic Preparedness:

AP Research Exam students should be academically prepared to engage in a rigorous research project. This includes critically analyzing research literature, designing a research plan, and demonstrating a deep understanding of the subject matter.

Desire for College-Level Challenge:

The AP Capstone Program, including AP Research, is designed to provide students with a college-level academic experience. Students seeking a challenging and intellectually stimulating course beyond the typical high school curriculum may find the AP Research Exam suitable.

College and Career Goals:

Students considering the AP Research Exam should reflect on their college and career goals. If their intended field of study or future career involves research, critical analysis, and effective communication, the experience gained through the AP Research course and exam can be highly beneficial.

Do colleges care about the AP Research exam?

Colleges often view the AP Research Exam, part of the AP Capstone Program, as a valuable and rigorous academic achievement. The AP Capstone Program, consisting of AP Seminar and AP Research, is designed to cultivate students’ research, analysis, and effective communication skills. Here are several reasons why colleges may value the AP Research Exam:

1. Research and Inquiry Skills:

• The AP Research course focuses on research methodology, allowing students to design, execute, and present an academic research project. Colleges appreciate students who have honed these critical research and inquiry skills, as they are applicable across various academic disciplines.

2. Preparation for College-Level Work:

• Engaging in the AP Capstone Program, including AP Research, gives students a taste of college-level research and inquiry. The skills developed in the course can contribute to a smoother transition to the demands of higher education.

3. Interdisciplinary Approach:

• AP Research encourages an interdisciplinary research approach. Colleges often appreciate students who can bridge the gap between different fields of study, as this mirrors the collaborative nature of academic research.

4. Independent Learning:

• The nature of the AP Research course requires students to work independently on a research project. Colleges value students who can take initiative, manage their time effectively, and demonstrate self-directed learning.

5. Critical Thinking and Analysis:

• The AP Research Exam assesses students’ ability to analyze and synthesize information critically. These skills are highly transferable and crucial for success in college and beyond.

6. Communication Skills:

• Presenting research findings is a key component of the AP Research Exam. Colleges appreciate students who can effectively communicate their ideas, as strong communication skills are essential in academia and many professional fields.

7. Preparation for Advanced Courses:

• Completing the AP Capstone Program, including the AP Research Exam, can signal to colleges that students are prepared for more advanced and specialized courses in their chosen field of study.

8. Unique Accomplishment:

• The AP Research Exam is a unique accomplishment that sets students apart. Not all high school students have the opportunity to engage in such advanced research projects, making it a distinctive aspect of a student’s academic profile.
• College-Specific Policies: While many colleges recognize the value of the AP Research Exam, its importance may vary among institutions. Students are encouraged to research the specific policies of the colleges they are interested in.
• Holistic Admissions: Colleges typically use a holistic admissions process, considering a variety of factors in addition to standardized test scores and AP exams. The AP Research Exam is considered within the broader context of a student’s academic achievements, extracurricular activities, and personal qualities.

How hard is the AP Research Exam?

The difficulty level of the AP Research Exam varies from student to student. As with any challenging exam, the difficulty level depends on various factors, including your preparation, study habits, and prior research experience. However, you can overcome the challenges and succeed with the right approach and dedication.

Regarding the AP Research Exam, it is important to note that the content of the exam itself does not solely determine the difficulty level. The exam assesses your ability to conduct independent research and evaluate sources critically. Therefore, the difficulty lies in your ability to effectively apply research methods and analytical skills to a research question or problem.

One factor that can influence the difficulty level of the exam is your level of preparation. The AP Research course is designed to help you develop the necessary skills and knowledge to tackle the exam successfully. Through coursework, discussions, and practice assignments, you will learn how to formulate research questions, design studies, collect and analyze data, and communicate your findings effectively. The more time and effort you invest in your preparation, the better equipped you will be to handle the challenges of the exam.

Another factor that can impact the difficulty level is your study habits. Effective time management, organization, and self-discipline are crucial when preparing for the AP Research Exam. By creating a study schedule, breaking down the material into manageable chunks, and consistently reviewing and practicing, you can enhance your understanding of the content and improve your performance on the exam .

Prior research experience can also play a role in determining the difficulty level of the exam. Suppose you have had previous exposure to conducting research projects or have participated in science fairs, debates, or other research-oriented activities. In that case, you may find certain aspects of the exam more familiar and less challenging. However, even with limited research experience, the AP Research course is designed to provide you with the necessary skills and support to succeed.

It is important to remember that the AP Research Exam is not meant to be easy. It assesses your ability to think critically, conduct independent research, and effectively communicate your findings. The exam will require you to apply your knowledge and skills to real-world problems or questions, which can be intellectually demanding. However, with proper preparation, a strong work ethic, and a growth mindset, you can rise to the challenge and succeed on the AP Research Exam.

What factors affect the difficulty of the AP Research Exam?

Several factors can influence the difficulty of the AP Research Exam. Firstly, the complexity and scope of your research question or problem can play a significant role. Choosing a too broad or narrow topic can make the research process more challenging.

When selecting a research question, it is important to strike a balance between a topic that is too broad and one that is too narrow. If your research question is too broad, you may be overwhelmed with much information to sift through and analyze. On the other hand, if your research question is too narrow, you may struggle to find sufficient sources and data to support your findings. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully consider the scope of your research question to ensure that it is manageable and allows for in-depth analysis.

Additionally, your time and effort in your research project can impact the difficulty level. Adequate planning, organization, and consistent work throughout the course can help you manage the workload and reduce stress.

Embarking on an AP Research project requires a significant time commitment. It is essential to allocate enough time for conducting thorough research, analyzing data, and writing your final paper. By dedicating sufficient time to each stage of the research process, you can ensure that you produce a high-quality project that meets the rigorous standards of the AP Research Exam.

Furthermore, effective organization is key to successfully navigating the AP Research Exam. Keeping track of your sources, notes, and drafts can help you stay organized and avoid feeling overwhelmed. Creating a detailed timeline or schedule can also assist you in managing your time effectively and staying on track with your research goals.

Consistency is another crucial factor in determining the difficulty of the AP Research Exam. Regularly working on your research project and making steady progress can help you avoid last-minute cramming and reduce stress. By setting aside dedicated time each week to focus on your research, you can ensure ample time to refine your ideas, conduct a thorough analysis, and produce a well-structured final paper.

In conclusion, the difficulty of the AP Research Exam is influenced by various factors. The complexity and scope of your research question and the amount of time and effort you invest in your project play significant roles. By carefully selecting a manageable research question, planning and organizing your work effectively, and consistently working on your project, you can confidently navigate the AP Research Exam.

How long is the AP Research Exam?

The total time allotted for the AP Research Exam, including both the academic paper submission and the oral defense, is typically around 20 to 25 minutes. This time includes both the presentation and the question-and-answer session with the panel.

It’s important to note that specific details about the AP Research Exam, including format and timing, may be subject to change. Students are advised to check the most recent information on the College Board’s official website or consult their school’s AP coordinator for the latest and most accurate details regarding the AP Research Exam.

Is it a good idea to take the AP Research exam?

Taking the AP Research Exam can be a good idea for students interested in conducting independent research, developing strong analytical skills, and showcasing their abilities in academic inquiry. Here are some factors to consider when deciding whether to take the AP Research Exam:

1. Interest in Research:

• If you are genuinely interested in conducting research and exploring a topic in-depth, the AP Research course and exam provide an opportunity to pursue your passion. The course allows you to choose a research topic that aligns with your interests.

2. Academic Challenge:

• The AP Research Exam is designed to be academically challenging, offering a rigorous experience that goes beyond standard high school coursework. If you enjoy intellectual challenges and want to engage in advanced academic work, the AP Research Exam may be a good fit.

3. Development of Skills:

• The course emphasizes developing critical research skills, including formulating research questions, designing studies, collecting and analyzing data, and presenting findings. Regardless of your chosen field, these skills are valuable in college and beyond.

4. Preparation for College:

• Engaging in the AP Research program can provide a taste of college-level research and prepare you for the expectations of independent study and inquiry that you may encounter in higher education.

5. Communication Skills:

• The exam includes a presentation component, allowing you to communicate your research findings. If you want to hone your communication skills and effectively present complex information, the AP Research Exam offers a platform for this development.

6. College Credit and Recognition:

• Depending on the college, a high score on the AP Research Exam may earn you college credit or advanced placement. Additionally, colleges often view completion of the AP Capstone Program positively in the admissions process.

7. Personal Challenge and Growth:

• Undertaking the AP Research Exam is a personal challenge that can lead to significant intellectual and personal growth. It requires self-discipline, time management, and the ability to work independently.

Considerations:

• Time Commitment: The AP Research course and exam require a significant time commitment. Be sure to assess your schedule and ensure that you can dedicate the necessary time to conduct research and prepare for the exam.
• Availability of Resources: Ensure that your school offers the AP Research course and that you have access to the resources needed to conduct research, such as a mentor or advisor, library resources, and research materials.
• Individual Goals: Consider how the AP Research Exam aligns with your academic and career goals. If you are considering a field that values research and critical analysis, the experience gained in the AP Research program can be particularly beneficial.

What is the format of the AP Research Exam?

The AP Research Exam assesses students on their ability to design, plan, and conduct independent research and present and defend their findings. The exam consists of three major components:

1. Academic Paper:

• Format: The academic paper is a major written document that presents the student’s research. It should adhere to the guidelines specified in the AP Research Course and Exam Description.
• Length: The recommended length for the academic paper is around 4,000 to 5,000 words.
• Content: The paper should include an introduction, literature review, research question, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. It should be well-organized, clearly written, and properly cited.
• Submission: The academic paper is submitted electronically as a PDF through the AP Digital Portfolio. It is typically due in early May.

2. Presentation:

• Format: Students must create and deliver an oral presentation based on their research. The presentation should effectively communicate key aspects of the research project.
• Time Limit: The presentation is limited to a maximum of 15 minutes.
• Content: The presentation should cover the research question, methodology, results, and the significance of the findings. It should be well-organized, engaging, and clearly articulate the research process.
• Submission: The presentation file (usually a video recording) is submitted electronically as part of the AP Digital Portfolio.

3. Oral Defense:

• Format: Following the presentation, students participate in an oral defense. This is a question-and-answer session during which students respond to inquiries from a panel of evaluators.
• Time Limit: The oral defense typically lasts for about 10 minutes.
• Content: Students should be prepared to discuss various aspects of their research, including their research question, methodology, data analysis, and the implications of their findings.
• Evaluation: The oral defense is evaluated based on the student’s ability to articulate their research process, respond to questions, and demonstrate a deep understanding of the subject matter.

Additional Considerations:

Evaluation Criteria: The exam is scored by a panel of college professors and experienced high school teachers. They assess the academic paper, presentation, and oral defense based on predetermined criteria outlined by the College Board.

Use of Technology: The AP Research Exam involves using technology to submit the academic paper and presentation. Students should ensure that they are familiar with the technical requirements and guidelines for submission.

Digital Portfolio: All components of the AP Research Exam, including the academic paper, presentation, and oral defense, are submitted through the AP Digital Portfolio, an online platform provided by the College Board.

It’s important for students to carefully review the guidelines and requirements outlined in the AP Research Course and Exam Description and to stay updated on any additional information or changes provided by the College Board. Additionally, practicing presentations and participating in mock oral defenses can help students feel more confident and prepared for the exam.

How to study for the AP Research Exam

Preparing for the AP Research Exam requires research skills, critical thinking, and effective communication. Here’s a detailed guide on how to study for the AP Research Exam:

1. Understand the Exam Format:

• Familiarize yourself with the format of the AP Research Exam. Understand the components, including the written academic paper, presentation, and oral defense.

2. Review the AP Research Course and Exam Description:

• The College Board provides a detailed Course and Exam Description (CED) for AP Research. Review this document thoroughly to understand the expectations, assessment criteria, and exam structure.

3. Select a Research Topic:

• Choose a research topic that aligns with your interests and allows in-depth exploration. Ensure it is a genuinely passionate topic, as sustained interest will be crucial throughout the research process.

4. Develop a Research Question:

• Craft a well-defined research question that is specific, relevant, and aligned with your chosen topic. Your question should guide your research and provide a clear focus for your investigation.

5. Conduct a Comprehensive Literature Review:

• Research existing literature related to your topic. A thorough literature review establishes the context for your research and helps you identify gaps or areas where you can contribute new insights.

6. Design a Methodology:

• Clearly outline your research methodology, including data collection methods and analysis techniques. Justify your choices and demonstrate an understanding of research design principles.

7. Collect and Analyze Data:

• Implement your research plan, collecting relevant data. Apply appropriate analytical methods to interpret your findings. Ensure that your data collection aligns with the ethical standards outlined in the AP Research Exam guidelines.

8. Draft Your Academic Paper:

• Organize your research findings into a well-structured academic paper. Follow the guidelines provided by the College Board for formatting, citations, and overall presentation. Clearly articulate your research question, methodology, and results.

9. Peer Review and Revision:

• Seek feedback from peers, teachers, or mentors. Use their input to revise and refine your academic paper. Pay attention to clarity, coherence, and the overall persuasiveness of your argument.

10. Prepare for the Presentation:

• Develop a compelling presentation that effectively communicates your research. Practice delivering your presentation to ensure you can articulate your findings clearly within the allotted time.

11. Rehearse the Oral Defense:

• Familiarize yourself with the oral defense process. Be prepared to answer questions from your peers and the evaluation panel. Practice articulating your research methodology, results, and the significance of your findings.

12. Review Sample Questions and Rubrics:

• Practice with past exam questions and review the scoring rubrics the College Board provides. Understand how your work will be evaluated and tailor your preparation accordingly.

13. Time Management:

• Develop a study schedule that allocates sufficient time for each stage of the research process. Effective time management is crucial to completing your research, paper, and presentation.

14. Utilize AP Classroom Resources:

• Take advantage of resources provided on the AP Classroom platform, including practice exams, sample papers, and additional materials. These resources can help you become familiar with the exam format and expectations.

15. Stay Updated on Guidelines:

• Regularly check for updates or clarifications on exam guidelines and requirements. The College Board may release additional information or resources leading up to the exam.

16. Manage Stress:

• Prioritize self-care to manage stress. Adequate rest, healthy nutrition, and breaks are essential for maintaining focus and productivity during preparation.

17. Seek Support:

• Don’t hesitate to seek guidance from your teacher, mentor, or classmates. Collaborative discussions can provide valuable insights and perspectives on your research.

18. Reflect on Feedback:

• Use feedback from practice sessions, peer reviews, and teacher evaluations to improve your work continuously. Reflecting on feedback and making strategic revisions is part of the learning process.

19. Simulate Exam Conditions:

• As you approach the exam date, simulate exam conditions during practice sessions. This includes adhering to time limits for paper writing, presentation, and oral defense.

20. Confidence and Positive Mindset:

• Approach the exam with confidence in your preparation. Maintain a positive mindset and focus on showcasing the depth of your research, analytical skills, and communication abilities.

By following these steps and maintaining a systematic approach to your research and exam preparation, you can enhance your chances of success in the AP Research Exam. Remember that the AP Research Exam is an opportunity to demonstrate your research skills and ability to contribute meaningfully to academic discourse.

Tips on the day of the exam

On the AP Research Exam day, being well-prepared and staying focused is crucial. Here are some tips to help you perform your best:

• Get a good night’s sleep: Ensure you get enough rest the night before the exam. A well-rested mind will be more alert and capable of handling complex tasks.
• Eat a nutritious meal: Fuel your body and brain with a balanced meal before the exam. Avoid heavy or sugary foods that may cause energy crashes.
• Arrive early: Give yourself ample time to get to the exam venue. Arriving early will help you settle in, calm your nerves, and review any last-minute notes.
• Read instructions carefully: Pay close attention to the exam instructions and follow them precisely. Missing out on important details can cost you valuable points.
• Stay calm and focused: Maintain a positive mindset and avoid getting overwhelmed. Take deep breaths to relax and stay focused throughout the exam.

When is the AP Research exam in 2024?

The AP Research exam 2024 will be administered in the afternoon on April 30, 2024. It’s important to note that April 30, 2024 (11:59 p.m. ET) is the deadline for AP Research students to submit performance tasks as final and for their presentations to be scored by their AP Seminar or AP Research teachers.

For a complete list of the 2024 AP Exam dates, here’s a full list:

When do AP scores come out?

AP scores are typically released in early to mid-July of the year the exams were taken. The exact release date may vary slightly from year to year, but students who took their AP exams in May can generally expect their scores to become available.

You can check for updates on the College Board’s official AP scores website if you are waiting for your AP scores. They will also email you when your scores are added to your score report. If you haven’t received your scores by mid-August, contacting AP Services for Students is recommended for assistance.

Post-exam tips

Congratulations! You have completed the AP Research Exam. However, your journey does not end here. Here are some post-exam tips to make the most of your experience:

• Reflect on your performance: Take some time to reflect on your strengths and areas for improvement. Use this self-reflection as a learning opportunity to enhance your research skills further.
• Seek feedback from evaluators: If possible, request feedback from the panel of evaluators. Their insights can provide valuable guidance for future research projects or academic pursuits.
• Celebrate your accomplishment: Regardless of the outcome, acknowledge your hard work and celebrate your achievements. Completing the AP Research Exam is a commendable accomplishment.
• Apply your research skills: The research skills you have honed throughout the AP Research course and exam can be applied to future academic and professional endeavors. Utilize these skills to pursue your passions and contribute to society.

By following this ultimate guide and implementing effective strategies, you are well on your way to the AP Research Exam . Remember, it is not just about the exam itself – the knowledge and skills you gain along the way make the AP Research experience invaluable. Good luck!

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• PROJECT #1: PERSONAL HERITAGE PIZZA (PHP)
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RUBRIC REVIEW #1

Sample Peer Reviewed Paper - Good Generic Model

Sample Peer Reviewed Paper - Another Good Generic Model

LINKS  To AP Research Materials, Assignments, Deadlines

Prerequisite Skills

Statistics Page

Bibliography & Literature Review Materials

Inquiry Proposal Form & PREP

Analysis of Data/Findings

Capstone Academic Research Paper

Presentation & Oral Defense

AP Research Workbook   (List of Methods Page 98)  

Library of Congress Subject Headings (LOCSH) On-line Catalog

LOCSH Alphabetical PDF Lists

Vanessa’s Data

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HALL OF FAME PAPERS - #5 score places you among the best of the best

Here are the six “5" papers from 2019 as judged by College Board:

Perception of Women in Leadership

By Rachel Feldman 19’ 

Self-Affirmation as a Stress Buffer in High School Student’s Cognitive Ability 

By Denice Higareda, 19'

General Perceived Self-Efficacy and the Struggles of Test Anxiety 

By  Gabby Holquin, 19'

The Effects of School Resource Officers on Feelngs of School Connectedness and Safety 

By Stephanie Mier, 19'

Determining the Factors that Influence One’s Opinions on Globalization Within Youth 

By Zareh Shahinian, 19'

Adolescent Exposure to Sad Music 

By Jessica Wong, 19'

Here are the eight “5" papers from 2018 as judged by College Board:

Personality and Tempo: Exploring the Relationship Between   Music and Cognition           

By Matthew Bacon, 18'

Gender Differences in Attitudes Towards   STEM Among High School Students                     

  By Alexis Bui, 18'

Human Evaluation of Machine Translation   

By Tanvi Kharkar, 18'

Parasocial Relationships: A Study Concerning Adolescents Media Engagement

& Interaction   By Cambria Meadows, 18'

The Acting White Accusation: an examination of academic achievement, perceived educational benefits, and peer influence among high school students    By Success Ufondo, 18’

Relationship Between Factors of Behavior &  Length of Stay in Dogs Housed in A No Kill Animal Shelter      

By John Wargowski, 18’

Placebo Sleep and Student Cognition: Examining the Power of Perception            

By Ethan Trunfio, 18’

What are High School Students Attitudes and Opinions Towards Physician Assisted Suicide?  

By Madina Safdari, 18'

Here are five “perfect" scores from 2017 as judged by College Board:

Youth Impulsivity Levels: Disordered Gambling & Substance Absue     By Diane Bui, 17'

A Study of Aesthetics and Hedonics in Photography      By Bria Rosenberg, 17’

Consequences of Texting Behaviors on Teen Romantic Relationships   By Goldy Faramarzyan, 17 ’

Paper By Valeria Robles, 17’ Coming Soon.

Here are three other “5" scores from 2017 as judged by College Board:

Effect of Dog Interactions on High School Students Mood & Anxiety   - By Anam, 17'

Hope’s Word Use in the Poetry of Anne Saxrton & Sylvia Plath   - By Hope Su, 17’

Korean Ethnic Identity & Assimiliation Levels of High School Students in an Ethinically Diverse Calfironia School   - By Esther Lee, 17'

Daring Sample Paper Employing A Delphi Research Method

A Study on Societal Attitudes Towards Terraforming Mars     By Nick Turcios, 17’   (BEWARE!!)

Course Introduction Materials

2018-9 AP Research Student Workbook  

2018-9 AP Research Course Two-Page Description

2018-9 AP Research Course & Exam Description Effective 2017

Moving From Preliminary Research To Literature Review

Research Notecard Template (Google Doc)

Mr. Nelson’s Opening Comments

AP Research Advice Highlights Capstone Class of 2017

AP Research Senior Advice To Juniors Excel All Responses

College Board Plagiarism Policy

Falsification & Fabrication  

Digital Portfolio Account Set-up

account.collegeboard.org/login/login

apcapstoneportfolio.collegeboard.org

  Student Account Set-up Instructions

media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/ap/ap-capstone/ap-capstone-digital-portfolio-student-user-guide.pdf

Resume/LinkedIn Description

AP Seminar and AP Research are two innovative new courses that are at the heart of College Board’s Capstone diploma program.  To receive the Capstone diploma, students must receive a three or higher in both AP Seminar and AP Research , and receive a three or higher on four other AP exams. The Capstone program teaches the broad set of skills required to write publishable, academic research papers.  The following inventories the specific skills that I developed through Capstone .

·              Perform aligned research of peer-reviewed academic literature. 

·              Design research methods that align with past research.

·              Collect data relevant to an aligned research topic.

·              Curate quantitative and qualitative findings and analyze results.

·              Report key findings, conclusions and recommendations for future research.

·              Received a top score of “5 “in AP Seminar , a score attained by only 6% of all course participants.)  (Received a score of “4 “in AP Seminar , ranking in the top quarter of Capstone students worldwide.)

Get a recommendation statement (NOT A LETTER) from your Seminar teacher. 

Everyone in your GBF class endorse you for Research Skills.

FALL FINAL MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS  - Students must bring the following items to class on Wednesday, the day of final.  Deductions will be made for missing items.  Thank you.

TEACHER NOTES:

College Board on Falsification

Sample Oral Defense Presentation Slides

Denise’s Draft Slides

Vanessa’s Draft Slides

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PRELIMINARY ORAL DEFENSE PRESENTATION SCHEDULE

Saturday April 13  7:30-11:00AM

7:30am - 9:00am  Denice H, Gabby H, Daniel V

9:00am - 10:30am  Zareh S,  Stephanie M, Evana D

Thursday April 11, 2019 3:30-6:00PM

3:30pm - 5:00pm  Dakota E, Aaron C, Victoria D

4:30pm - 6:00pm Angel N, Melia L

Wednesday April 10, 2019 3:30-6:00PM  

3:30pm - 5:00pm  Stacy B, Jessica W., Vanessa F

  4:30pm - 6:00pm  Camille J, David Y

****************************************************

MONDAY Presenters - Dakota, Stephanie

TUESDAY Presenters - Jessica, Rachel

Victoria Thursday Lunch

WEDNESDAY Presenters - David, Evans, Denice

THURSDAY Presenters - Stacy, Gabby, Camille

Zee, Victoria - Thursday Lunch

FRIDAY Presenters - Melia, Daniel, Aaron

Angel - Friday Lunch

AP Research Sample Papers: 

Autoimune Disease

Time for Dinner

Prompt Questions For Assessing Papers Above

Anam’s Paper   - Effect of Dog Interactions on High School Students Mood & Anxiety

Hope’s Paper   - Word Use in the Poetry of Anne Saxton & Sylvia Plath

Katie’s Paper   - Tear Analysis of Contact Lenses Using A Cell-Phone Based Fluorometric Assay Reader

Esther’s Paper - Korean Ethnic Identity & Assimilation Levels of High School Students in an Ethnically Diverse Californian High School

Diane’s Paper  -  Youth Impulsivity Levels: Disordered Gambling & Substance Abuse

A Study of Aesthetics and Hedonics in Photography     By Bria Rosenberg, 17’ (See Methods Section)

CONFIDENCE INTERVALS: Algebra 2 Hand-out That Explain Calculation & Interpretation of Confidence Intervals

Financial Incentives & Student Achievement

Ivan’s Monday Class Example

Bria’s Monday Class Example

Statistical Findings Worksheet

Student Sample IPF - Thank You Melissa

Sampling Survey Example: Attitudes Towards the LGBT Community Survey  - Thanks to Melissa  

Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper: Purpose of Guide

USC Research Guide - Set of articles that guide first-time students through the research process.

What Librarians Use To Create Research Pathfinders ,  Much Thanks To LE Spears  August 2017

Academic Research Databases  

August 22 SAMPLE LITERATURE:  IMPROVING IN-KENNEL PRESENTATION OF SHELTER DOGS THROUGH RESPONSE-DEPENDENT AND RESPONSE-INDEPENDENT TREAT DELIVERY

SAMPLE LITERATURE #2

SAMPLE LITERATURE #3

Challenge and Opportunity in Evaluating a Diffusion-Based Active Bystanding Prevention Program: Green Dot in High Schools  

eHow:  How to Use the Likert Scale in Statistical Analysis

How To Use Data, Artificial Scales (e.g. Likert)

Jamie’s Survey

Diane’s Survey

Methods Outline Assignment

Processing & Organizing Your Data In Excel Worksheets

Chi Square Tests Example Excel

Solid Khan Video On Chi Suqare Test May Help Some

Survey Outline Example

Example: Final Results

Word Format Outline of Methods Section

2017 Candidates DO NOT USE FORM BELOW - USE THE ONE AT TOP OF PAGE

GUIDELINES FOR INQUIRY PROPSAL FORM PRESENTATION

Mr. Wolf’s Checklists By Report Section

Mr. Wolf   Introduction Checklist

Mr. Wolf   Methods Checklist

Mr. Wolf   Findings, Analysis, Results Checklist

Mr. Wolf   Conclusion Checklist

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Ultimate Guide to the AP Research Course and Assessment

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The Advanced Placement (AP) curriculum is administered by the College Board and serves as a standardized set of year-long high school classes that are roughly equivalent to one semester of college-level coursework. Although most students enroll in an actual course to prepare for their AP exams, many others will self-study for the exams without enrolling in the actual AP class.

AP classes are generally stand-alone subjects that easily translate to traditional college courses. Typically, they culminate in a standardized exam on which students are graded using a 5-point scale, which colleges and universities will use to determine credit or advanced standing. Starting in fall of 2014, though, this traditional AP course and exam format has begun to adapt in efforts by the College Board to reflect less stringent rote curriculum and a heavier emphasis on critical thinking skills.

The AP Capstone program is at the center of these changes, and its culmination course is AP Research. If you are interested in learning more about the AP Research Course and Assessment, and how they can prepare you for college-level work, read on for CollegeVine’s Ultimate Guide to the AP Research Course and Assessment.

About the Course and Assessment

The AP Research course is the second of two classes required for the AP Capstone™ Diploma . In order to enroll in this course you need to have completed the AP Seminar course during a previous year. Through that course, you will have learned to collect and analyze information with accuracy and precision, developed arguments based on facts, and effectively communicated your conclusions. During the AP Research course, you apply these skills on a larger platform. In the AP Research course, you can expect to learn and apply research methods and practices to address a real-world topic of your choosing, with the end result being the production and defense of a scholarly academic paper. Students who receive a score of 3 or higher on both the AP Seminar and AP Research courses earn an AP Seminar and Research Certificate™. Students who receive a score of 3 or higher on both courses and on four additional AP exams of their choosing receive the AP Capstone Diploma™.    

The AP Research course will guide you through the design, planning, and implementation of a year-long, research-based investigation to address a research question of interest to you. While working with an expert advisor, chosen by you with the help of your teacher, you will explore an academic topic, problem, or issue of your choosing and cultivate the skills and discipline necessary to conduct independent research and produce and defend a scholarly academic paper. Through explicit instruction in research methodology, ethical research practices, and documentation processes, you will develop a portfolio of scholarly work to frame your research paper and subsequent presentation of it.

Although the core content and skills remain standardized for every AP Research course, the implementation of this instruction may vary. Some AP Research courses may have a specific disciplinary focus wherein the course content is rooted in a specific subject, such as AP Research STEM Inquiries or AP Research Performing and Visual Arts. Similarly, other AP Research courses are offered in conjunction with a separate and specific AP class, such as AP Research and AP Biology wherein students are concurrently enrolled in both AP courses and content is presented in a cross-curricular approach. Alternatively, AP Research may be presented in the form of an internship wherein students who are already working with a discipline-specific expert adviser conduct independent studies and research of the student’s choosing while taking the AP Research class. Finally, some AP Research courses are delivered independently as a research methods class. In this style of class, students develop inquiry methods for the purpose of determining which method best fits their chosen topic of inquiry/research question, and each student then uses a selected method to complete his or her investigation.    

Only schools that currently offer the AP Capstone Diploma may offer the AP Research course. Because it is a part of a larger comprehensive, skills-based program, students may not self-study for the AP Research course or final paper. At this time, home-schooled students, home-school organizations, and online providers are not eligible to participate in AP Capstone.

Your performance in the AP Research course is assessed through two performance tasks. The first is the Academic Paper, which accounts for 75% of your total AP score. In this paper, you will present the findings of your yearlong research in 4,000-5,000 words. Although the official submission deadline for this task is April 30, the College Board strongly recommends that this portion of your assessment be completed by April 15 in order to allow enough time for the second of your performance tasks.

The second performance task is your Presentation and Oral Defense, which accounts for the remaining 25% of your total AP score. Using your research topic, your will prepare a 15-20 minute presentation in an appropriate format with appropriate accompanying media. Your defense will include fielding three to four questions from a panel consisting of your AP Research teacher and two additional panel members chosen at the discretion of your teacher.    

In 2016, fewer than 3,000 students submitted an AP Research project, but enrollment is projected to grow rapidly, since 12,000 students took the AP Seminar assessment in 2016 and most will presumably go on to submit an AP Research project in 2017. Scores from the 2016 AP Research projects reveal a high pass rate (score of three or higher) but a difficult rate of mastery. While 67.1% of students taking the assessments scored a three or higher, only 11.6% received the highest score of a five, while nearly 40% received a three. Only 2% of students submitting research projects received the lowest score of one.    

A full course description that can help to guide your planning and understanding of the knowledge required for the AP Research course and assessments can be found in the College Board course description .

Read on for tips for successfully completing the AP Research course.

How Should I Prepare for the AP Research Course?

As you undertake the AP Research course and performance tasks, you will be expected to conduct research, write a scholarly paper, and defend your work in a formal presentation.   Having already completed the AP Seminar course, these skills should be familiar to you. You should use your scores on the AP Seminar performance task to help guide your preparations for the AP Research performance tasks.

Carefully review your scores from AP Seminar. Make sure you understand where points were lost and why. It may be helpful to schedule a meeting with your AP Seminar teacher to review your work. Alternatively, your AP Research teacher may be willing to go over your AP Seminar projects with you. You might also ask a classmate to review your projects together to get a better idea of where points were earned and where points were lost. Use this review as a jumping point for your AP Research studies. You should go into the course with a good idea of where your strengths lie, and where you need to focus on improving.

A sample timeline for the AP Research course is available on page 36 of the course description . One detail worth noting is that the recommended timeline actually begins not in September with the start of the new school year, but instead begins in May with the completion of the AP Seminar course during the previous school year. It is then that you should begin to consider research topics, problems, or ideas. By September of the following school year, it is recommended that you have already finalized a research question and proposal, completed an annotated bibliography, and prepared to begin a preliminary inquiry proposal for peer review.    

What Content Will I Be Held Accountable For During the AP Research Course?

To be successful in the AP Research class, you will begin with learning to investigate relevant topics, compose insightful problem statements, and develop compelling research questions, with consideration of scope, to extend your thinking.   Your teacher will expect you to demonstrate perseverance through setting goals, managing time, and working independently on a long-term project. Specifically, you will prepare for your research project by:

• Identifying, applying, and implementing appropriate methods for research and data collection
• Accessing information using effective strategies
• Evaluating the relevance and credibility of information from sources and data
• Reading a bibliography for the purpose of understanding that it is a source for other research and for determining context, credibility, and scope
• Attributing knowledge and ideas accurately and ethically, using an appropriate citation style
• Evaluating strengths and weaknesses of others’ inquiries and studies

As in the AP Research course, you will continue to investigate real-world issues from multiple perspectives, gathering and analyzing information from various sources in order to develop credible and valid evidence- based arguments. You will accomplish this through instruction in the AP Research Big Ideas, also called the QUEST Framework. These include:

• Question and Explore: Questioning begins with an initial exploration of complex topics or issues. Perspectives and questions emerge that spark one’s curiosity, leading to an investigation that challenges and expands the boundaries of one’s current knowledge.
• Understand and Analyze Arguments: Understanding various perspectives requires contextualizing arguments and evaluating the authors’ claims and lines of reasoning.
• Evaluate Multiple Perspectives: Evaluating an issue involves considering and evaluating multiple perspectives, both individually and in comparison to one another.
• Synthesize Ideas: Synthesizing others’ ideas with one’s own may lead to new understandings and is the foundation of a well-reasoned argument that conveys one’s perspective.
• Team, Transform, and Transmit: Teaming allows one to combine personal strengths and talents with those of others to reach a common goal. Transformation and growth occur upon thoughtful reflection. Transmitting requires the adaptation of one’s message based on audience and context.

In addition, you will use four distinct reasoning processes as you approach your research. The reasoning processes are situating, choosing, defending , and connecting . When you situate ideas, you are aware of their context in your own perspective and the perspective of others, ensuring that biases do not lead to false assumptions. When you make choices about ideas and themes, you recognize that these choices will have both intended and unintentional consequences. As you defend your choices, you explain and justify them using a logical line of reasoning. Finally, when you connect ideas you see intersections within and/or across concepts, disciplines, and cultures.

For a glossary of research terms that you should become familiar with, see page 62 of the course description .

How Will I Know If I’m Doing Well in the AP Research Course?

Because your entire score for the AP Research course is determined by your research paper and presentation, which come at the very end of the course, it can be difficult to gauge your success until that point. Do yourself a favor and do not wait until your final scores come back to determine how successful you have been in the course.

As you undertake the AP Research course, there will be many opportunities for formative assessments throughout the semester. These assessments are used to give both you and your teacher an idea of the direction of instruction needed for you to master the skills required in the AP Research course. You should use these assessments to your advantage and capitalize on the feedback you receive through each. A list of possible activities used for these assessments can be found on page 41 of the course description .

Another way that you and your teacher will track your progress is through your Process and Reflection Portfolio (PREP). The PREP serves to document your development as you investigate your research questions, thereby providing evidence that you have demonstrated a sustained effort during the entire inquiry process. You will review your PREP periodically with your teacher, who will use it as a formative assessment to evaluate your progress.

Throughout the course, you will be assigned prompts and questions to respond to in your PREP. You will use this portfolio to document your research or artistic processes, communication with your expert adviser, and reflections on your thought processes. You should also write freely, journaling about your strengths and weaknesses with regard to implementing such processes and developing your arguments or aesthetic rationales. 

Your final PREP should include:

• Table of contents
• Completed and approved proposal form
• Specific pieces of work selected by the student to represent what he or she considers to be the best showcase for his or her work. (Examples might include: in-class (teacher-directed) free-writing about the inquiry process, resource list, annotated bibliography of any source important to the student’s work, photographs, charts, spreadsheets, and/or links to videos or other relevant visual research/project artifacts, draft versions of selected sections of the academic paper, or notes in preparation for presentation and oral defense.)
• Documentation of permission(s) received from primary sources, if required — for example, permission(s) from an IRB or other agreements with individuals, institutions, or organizations that provide primary and private data such as interviews, surveys, or investigations
• Documentation or log of the student’s interaction with expert adviser(s) and the role the expert adviser(s) played in the student’s learning and inquiry process (e.g., What areas of expertise did the expert adviser have that the student needed to draw from? Did the student get the help he or she needed — and if not, what did he or she do to ensure that the research process was successful? Which avenues of exploration did the expert adviser help the student to discover?)
• Questions asked to and feedback received from peer and adult reviewers both in the initial stages and at key points along the way
• Reflection on whether or not the feedback was accepted or rejected and why
• Attestation signed by the student which states, “I hereby affirm that the work contained in this Process and Reflection Portfolio is my own and that I have read and understand the AP Capstone TM Policy on Plagiarism and Falsification or Fabrication of Information”

It cannot be stressed enough how important it is to maintain strong communications with your teacher as you progress through the AP Research course. Not only is your teacher your best resource for learning new skills and knowledge, but also it is your teacher who will be responsible for grading your final performance tasks and as such, you should always have a strong understanding of how your work is being assessed and the ways in which you can improve it. Remember, your teacher wants you to succeed just as much as you do; work together as a team to optimize your chances.

How Should I Choose a Research Topic?

You will begin to consider research topics before the school year even starts. If your AP Research class is offered in conjunction with another course, such as those rooted in a specific subject or linked to another concurrent AP course, you will have some idea of the direction in which your research should head. Regardless of whether you know the precise subject matter of your topic, you should begin by asking yourself what you want to know, learn, or understand. The AP Research class provides a unique opportunity for you to guide your own learning in a direction that is genuinely interesting to you. You will find your work more engaging, exciting, and worthwhile if you choose a topic that you want to learn more about.

As you begin to consider research topics, you should:

• Develop a list of topics and high-level questions that spark your interest to engage in an individual research project
• Identify potential expert advisers to guide you in the planning and development of your research project (For tips on how to find a mentor, read CollegeVine’s “ How to Choose a Winning Science Fair Project Idea ”)
• Identify potential opportunities (if you are interested) to perform primary research with an expert adviser during the summer, via internships or summer research projects for high school students offered in the community and local higher education institutions
• Discuss research project planning skills and ideas with students who are currently taking or have already taken the AP Research course

You might also find inspiration from reading about past AP Research topics. One list of potential research questions can be found here and another can be found here . Keep in mind that these lists make great starting points and do a good job of getting you thinking about important subjects, but your research topic should ultimately be something that you develop independently as the result of careful introspection, discussions with your teacher and peers, and your own preliminary research.

Finally, keep in mind that if you pursue a research project that involves human subjects, your proposal will need to be reviewed and approved by an institutional review board (IRB) before experimentation begins. Talk with your teacher to decide if this is the right path for you before you get too involved in a project that may not be feasible.

Once you have decided on a research topic, complete an Inquiry Proposal Form. This will be distributed by your teacher and can also be found on page 55 of the course description .

How Do I Conduct My Research?

By the time you begin your AP Research course, you will have already learned many of the basics about research methods during your AP Seminar course. You should be comfortable collecting and analyzing information with accuracy and precision, developing arguments based on facts, and effectively communicating your point of view. These will be essential skills as you move forward in your AP Research project.

As you undertake your work, remember the skills you’ve already learned about research:

• Use strategies to aid your comprehension as you tackle difficult texts.
• Identify the author’s main idea and the methods that he or she uses to support it.
• Think about biases and whether other perspectives are acknowledged.
• Assess the strength of research, products, and arguments.
• Look for patterns and trends as you strive to make connections between multiple arguments.
• Think about what other issues, questions, or topics could be explored further.

You should be certain to keep track of all sources used in your research and cite them appropriately. The College Board has a strict policy against plagiarism. You can read more about its specifics on page 60 of the course description .

How Do I Write My Paper?

Before you begin writing your final paper, make sure to thoroughly read the Task Overview handout which will be distributed by your teacher. If you would like to see it beforehand, it can be found on page 56 of the course description . You should also review the outline of required paper sections on page 49 of the course description .

Your paper must contain the following sections:

› Introduction

› Method, Process, or Approach

› Results, Product, or Findings

› Discussion, Analysis, and/or Evaluation

› Conclusion and Future Directions

› Bibliography

Before you begin writing, organize your ideas and findings into an outline using the sections listed above. Be sure to consider how you can connect and analyze the evidence in order to develop an argument and support a conclusion. Also think about if there are any alternate conclusions that could be supported by your evidence and how you can acknowledge and account for your own biases and assumptions. 

Begin your paper by introducing and contextualizing your research question or problem. Make sure to include your initial assumptions and/or hypothesis. Next, include a literature review of previous work in the field and various perspectives on your topic. Use the literature review to highlight the gap in the current field of knowledge to be addressed by your research project. Then, explain and justify your methodology, present your findings, evidence, or data, and interpret the significance of these findings. Discuss implications for further research or limitations of your existing project. Finally, reflect on the project, how it could impact its field, and any possible next steps. Your paper should conclude with a comprehensive bibliography including all of the sources used in your process.

Make sure to proofread and edit your paper yourself, have it proofread and edited by a friend, and then proofread and edit it again before you complete your final draft.

How Do I Prepare For My Oral Defense?

Once your paper is finished, you may be tempted to sit back and rest on your laurels. Although you’ve no doubt expended a tremendous about of energy in producing a final product you can be proud of, don’t forget that the work is not over yet. Your oral defense accounts for 25% of your total score so it should be taken seriously.

Your oral defense is a 15-20 minute presentation that uses appropriate media to present your findings to an oral defense panel. You may choose any appropriate format for your presentation, as long as the presentation reflects the depth of your research. If your academic paper was accompanied by an additional piece of scholarly work (e.g., performance, exhibit, product), you should arrange with your teacher for him or her, along with the panelists, to view the scholarly work prior to your presentation.

As you plan your presentation, consider how you can best appeal to your audience. Consider different mediums for your presentation, and how those mediums might affect your credibility as a presenter. You want to be engaging to your audience while still being taken seriously.

Following your presentation, you will field three or four questions from your panelists. These will include one question pertaining to your research or inquiry process, one question focused on your depth of understanding, and one question about your reflection throughout the inquiry process as evidenced in your PREP. The fourth question and any follow-up questions are at the discretion of the panel. A list of sample oral defense questions begins on page 52 of the course description . For a complete outline of the oral defense, see page 49 of the course description . 

How Will My Work Be Assessed?

Because this assessment is only available to students enrolled in the AP Capstone program, your teacher will register you for the assessment when you enroll in the course. You should confirm with your teacher that you are registered for the assessment no later than March 1. 

You will submit your final paper and complete your oral presentation no later than April 30, at which point your teacher will submit your work and scores through an AP Digital Portfolio. Your presentation will be scored by your teacher alone. Your paper will be scored by your teacher and validated by the College Board.

You may find the scoring rubric from the 2016 performance tasks available here . You may find a collection authentic student research papers and scoring explanations available here .

Preparing for any AP assessment can be a stressful process. Having a specific plan of attack and a firm grasp of how your work is assessed will help you to feel prepared and score well. Use CollegeVine’s Ultimate Guide to the AP Research Course and Assessment to help shape your understanding of the course and how to complete your performance tasks effectively. When submission day arrives, you should feel better prepared and informed about the work you have produced.

For more about information about APs, check out these CollegeVine posts:

• Can AP Tests Actually Save You Thousands of Dollars?

• Should I Take AP/IB/Honors Classes?

• How to Choose Which AP Courses and Exams to Take

• What If My School Doesn’t Offer AP or IB Courses?

• Are All APs Created Equal in Admissions?

Want access to expert college guidance — for free? When you create your free CollegeVine account, you will find out your real admissions chances, build a best-fit school list, learn how to improve your profile, and get your questions answered by experts and peers—all for free. Sign up for your CollegeVine account today to get a boost on your college journey.

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AP Research

Learn all about the course and assessment. Already enrolled? Join your class in My AP.

Not a Student?

Go to AP Central for resources for teachers, administrators, and coordinators.

About the Course

In AP Research, you decide what to study. Curious about the impact of AI on society? You can make a project out of that. Are you passionate about social causes? Interested in climate change or mental health? You can research these, as well. In this course, you’ll learn about different research methods and will develop advanced research skills while researching a topic of your choice.

Skills You'll Learn

Conducting independent research

Analyzing sources and evidence

Applying context and perspective

Writing a college-level academic paper

Presenting research findings to an audience

Equivalency and Prerequisites

College course equivalent.

AP Research is an interdisciplinary course that encourages students to demonstrate critical thinking and academic research skills on a topic of the student’s choosing. To accommodate the wide range of student topics, typical college course equivalents include introductory research or general elective courses.

Recommended Prerequisites

Students must have successfully completed the AP Seminar course.

Assessment Date

Wed, Apr 30, 2025

11:59 PM ET

AP Research Performance Task Due Date

Submit your AP Research performance task as final in the AP Digital Portfolio by this date.

Course Content

Big idea 1: question and explore.

You’ll learn about the first step of doing research: inquiry and investigation.

You’ll practice:

• Identifying a problem or issue and developing a question about it
• Finding and organizing the information you need to answer the question
• Evaluating the sources of information you use
• Looking at the problem or issue from different perspectives

Big Idea 2: Understand and Analyze

You’ll learn to read, comprehend, and explain a perspective or argument.

• Reading critically for a purpose
• Explaining and analyzing the line of reasoning of an argument
• Evaluating the evidence an author uses to support their argument
• Assessing potential resolutions, conclusions, or solutions raised by an argument

Big Idea 3: Evaluate Multiple Perspectives

You’ll learn to compare and contrast different perspectives on an issue, idea, or problem so you can understand its complexity.

• Identifying, comparing, and interpreting different perspectives on, or arguments about, an issue
• Evaluating objections, implications, and limitations of different perspectives or arguments

Big Idea 4: Synthesize Ideas

You’ll learn to take information you’ve gathered, analyzed, and evaluated and use it to form your own conclusions and build your own argument.

• Formulating a well-reasoned argument
• Using data and information from various sources to develop and support an argument
• Linking evidence to claims
• Offering resolutions, conclusions, or solutions based on evidence

Big Idea 5: Team, Transform, and Transmit

You’ll learn peer review practices and how to communicate your ideas to an audience.

• Planning, producing, and presenting an argument while considering audience, context, and purpose
• Communicating information through appropriate media
• Using effective techniques to engage an audience

Credit and Placement

Search AP Credit Policies

Find colleges that grant credit and/or placement for AP Exam scores in this and other AP courses.

Course Resources

Ap research course and exam description.

This is the core document for the course. It clearly lays out the course content and describes the assessment and the AP Program in general.

AP Daily Videos

Once you join your AP class section online, you’ll be able to access AP Daily videos in AP Classroom. AP Daily videos cover every proficiency and skill outlined in the AP Research Course and Exam Description. Sign in to access them.

What Are Project Based AP Courses?

Learn how project based AP courses take you beyond the textbook and into a world of learning through hands-on exploration.

• Go to College Board Blog

More About Your Course

Participate in the ap capstone diploma program.

Learn more about the AP Capstone Diploma Program, and how you can participate. Taking AP Seminar and AP Research lets you study topics you love, learn key academic skills, and stand out to colleges.

AP Capstone Diploma Program Policies

Understand policies on plagiarism, participation, extended absence, and more for AP Seminar and AP Research students.

See Where AP Can Take You

AP Research can lead to a wide range of careers and college majors

Additional Information