(i.e., gray matter)
Critical thinking questions.
1. Damage to specific regions of the cerebral cortex, such as through a stroke, can result in specific losses of function. What functions would likely be lost by a stroke in the temporal lobe?
2. Why do the anatomical inputs to the cerebellum suggest that it can compare motor commands and sensory feedback?
Answers for Critical Thinking Questions
This work, Anatomy & Physiology, is adapted from Anatomy & Physiology by OpenStax , licensed under CC BY . This edition, with revised content and artwork, is licensed under CC BY-SA except where otherwise noted.
Images, from Anatomy & Physiology by OpenStax , are licensed under CC BY except where otherwise noted.
Access the original for free at https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology/pages/1-introduction .
Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2019 by Lindsay M. Biga, Staci Bronson, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Matern, Katie Morrison-Graham, Kristen Oja, Devon Quick, Jon Runyeon, OSU OERU, and OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.
Experiments and Activities
Blood-brain barrier: a protective layer that surrounds the brain and controls what things can move into the area around the brain.
Circadian rhythm: the body's natural clock that runs on roughly a 24 hour cycle. Many animals have a 24 hour cycle that includes sleeping, eating and doing work... more
CLSM: confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) makes high quality images of microscopic objects with extreme detail... more
Metabolism: what living things do to stay alive. This includes eating, drinking, breathing, and getting rid of wastes... more
Puberty: the change from child to adult where the body is able to reproduce.
Vertebra: any of the bones that make up the backbone.
Every second of every day the brain is collecting and sending out signals from and to the parts of your body. It keeps everything working even when we are sleeping at night. Here you can take a quick tour of this amazing control center. You can see each part and later learn what areas are involved with different tasks.
There are two types of cells in your brain, neurons and glial cells (glia - Greek word for glue). For a long time biologists have thought that the neurons were the only cells that controlled our bodies and were also where our memories are kept. Glial cells were just in the brain to support neurons, insulate them, provide nutrition, and do basic housekeeping. New research is beginning to show that glial cells are doing more than these jobs.
Glia cells act as a physical support and protection for neurons. They also help keep the blood-brain barrier which prevents toxic chemicals in the blood from entering the brain. Glia cells help keep the environment around neurons in balance and make sure the right nutrients are available for neurons. Glia cells can create myelin, a fatty substance that helps insulate the axons of neurons. This helps keep electrical signals inside the neuron and helps them move faster. Glia cells can prevent the buildup of toxic chemicals, help destroy viruses and bacteria, and get rid of dead neurons. |
Biologist Dennis McDaniel used a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) to see inside the brain. The rotating image shows many glial cells called astrocytes. |
The wrinkled outer part of the brain is the largest part of the brain. It is also where we do all our thinking. It is used to read this story and also to do math and any homework you might get from your teacher. This part of the brain also controls your voluntary muscles. These are the muscles used to click a computer mouse button, ride a bike, run a race, or kick a ball. Are you using your left or right brain? There are some scientists that think the right and left sides of the cerebral cortex specialize in different work. The right side works on abstract things like colors, shapes, and music. The left side is busy with math and speaking and is the analytical part. It is also known that the right side of your brain controls the left side of the body and the left side of the brain controls the right. Main jobs: sensory integration, thought, voluntary movement, language, reasoning, perception | |
At the back of the brain, the cerebellum helps you make smooth, coordinated movements. Walking, running, writing . . . without the cerebellum, movement would not happen properly. | |
With all the activity going on in the brain there needs to be a switching station and this is the job of the thalamus. This part of the brain takes information coming from the body and sends it on to the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex also sends messages to the thalamus which then sends the information to other areas of the brain and spinal cord. Main jobs: sensory integration, motor integration, sleep, consciousness. | |
Located deep within your brain, the hippocampus works with the cerebral cortex to create memories. From five minutes ago to five years ago, the hippocampus is responsible for helping you remember everything that happens in your life. The hippocampus also helps you remember how to navigate, or move around, your environment based on how you have moved around in the past. Main jobs: creating memories | |
In your house is a thermostat. This is the control on the wall that you can change to make the room warmer or cooler. The hypothalamus is the thermostat for your body. When you get hot it sends signals to your skin to sweat. If you get cold it makes you shiver and get goose bumps. Main jobs: body temperature, emotions, hunger, thirst, circadian rhythms | |
: Connecting the right side of the brain with the left side is the corpus callosum. This lets the two sides of the brain talk to each other. Main jobs: connecting the left and right brain | |
This tiny part of the brain is about the size of a pea. It is smallest part of the brain and also the one that controls when and how fast we grow. It releases special hormones that help you grow. It also is at work during puberty. Wait, there's more... The pituitary gland also uses to control how much sugar and water is in your body. It also is one of the areas that controls the body's metabolism. It helps control the digestion of food, breathing, and moving your blood around. Without strict control of your body's metabolism it would not be possible to stay alive. Main jobs: controls hormones | |
: The brainstem is a collection of three areas of the brain. These parts are the , , and the . The brainstem is located below the cerebellum and connects the brain to the spinal cord. It has the job of running all the involuntary muscles. These are the muscles you don't consciously control, such as the muscles which make your heart beat. Together, these three parts of the brain help keep us alive by controlling our breathing, digestion, and blood circulation. Main jobs: breathing, heart rate, blood pressure | |
This is the main information highway. All the information from parts of the body move from and to the brain through the spinal cord. It is connected to the brain through the brainstem. It is protected by the vertebral bones that make up the backbone. Main job: moving messages from the brain to the rest of the body. |
Computer animation credit: BodyParts3D, Copyright© 2010 The Database Center for Life Science licensed under CC Attribution-Share Alike 2.1 Japan.
Astrocyte movie credit : Confocal scanning laser image courtesy of Professor Dennis McDaniel.
View citation, bibliographic details:.
Brett Szymik. (2011, May 05). What's in Your Brain?. ASU - Ask A Biologist. Retrieved July 15, 2024 from https://askabiologist.asu.edu/parts-of-the-brain
Brett Szymik. "What's in Your Brain?". ASU - Ask A Biologist. 05 May, 2011. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/parts-of-the-brain
Brett Szymik. "What's in Your Brain?". ASU - Ask A Biologist. 05 May 2011. ASU - Ask A Biologist, Web. 15 Jul 2024. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/parts-of-the-brain
Learn more about growth and size of the human brain at Ask An Anthropologist's story Babies, Birth, and Brains .
Coloring Pages and Worksheets
Neuron Anatomy
What's In Your Brain
What's Your Brain Doing?
By volunteering, or simply sending us feedback on the site. Scientists, teachers, writers, illustrators, and translators are all important to the program. If you are interested in helping with the website we have a Volunteers page to get the process started.
Share to Google Classroom
Biology Teaching Resources
This brain labeling activity was created for remote learners as an alternative to the labeling and coloring worksheet we would traditionally do in class. Instead of coloring and labeling on printouts, students use google slides to drag labels to the images or type the answers into text boxes.
The slides do not have labeled diagrams but does include links to 3D models on Sketchfab as a reference. Students are encourages to view diagrams in their textbook or use diagrams on google. The brain image I used for labeling came from Wikimedia Commons , but the labels are not in English. This will make it difficult for students to just copy the answers, but certainly there are plenty of brain images out there that can be used as references.
The activity includes an external view of the brain where students label the lobes of the cerebrum (frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal) and the cerebellum. Next students drag and drop labels to the internal structures, such as the thalamus, midbrain, corpus callosum, pineal body, and colliculi.
The next slide has the same image, but this time students need to type the words, though they can always click back to the slide before to check. Mainly, this is just for reinforcement and practice.
The last two slides take a close look at the brain stem and the limbic system , both with links to 3D models on sketchfab.
I use these types of worksheet for practice and reinforcement and rarely give grades for practice done in class. My typical lesson would include going over the brain and each structure, then allowing students to practice labeling on their own, then go over that with them the next day or at the end of the class period.
I also have several Quizlets and brain anatomy quizzes to help students learn the structures.
Shannan Muskopf
Revision note.
Biology Lead
The brain is made from billions of interconnected neurones which are organised into regions
Higher tier only.
In the exam you may be asked to evaluate the benefits and risks of procedures carried out on the brain and nervous system. The benefits of procedures being carried out usually involve improving the quality of someone’s life (as the procedure is used to treat a disorder of some kind) but there are risks of more permanent damage, some of these will be because we still don’t fully understand how the brain and nervous system works!
Get unlimited access.
to absolutely everything:
the (exam) results speak for themselves:
Did this page help you?
Lára graduated from Oxford University in Biological Sciences and has now been a science tutor working in the UK for several years. Lára has a particular interest in the area of infectious disease and epidemiology, and enjoys creating original educational materials that develop confidence and facilitate learning.
Leaderboard, visual style.
COMMENTS
What's In Your Brain? Activity Key 1. Cerebral cortex 2. Thalamus 3. Corpus callosum 4. Hypothalamus 5. Hippocampus 6. Pituitary gland 7. Midbrain 8. Pons 9. Medulla 10. Brainstem 11. Spinal cord 12. Cerebellum
Image of the brain showing its major features for students to practice labeling. Answers are included. Label the Major Structures of the Brain. A : H : B : J : C : K : D : L : E : M : F : N : G : Answers: A = parietal labe | B = gyrus of the cerebrum | C = corpus callosum | D = frontal lobe
Correctly identify the function of each structure that comprises a tendon reflex by dragging the appropriate label into place. Label the structures of the spinal cord. Label the spinal cord meninges and spaces. Label the white and gray matter components in the figure. Label the primary nerves of the lumbar plexus.
Question: Key Concept Activity: Label the anatomy of the brain and surrounding tissues. Dura mater (green line) There are 3 steps to solve this one. Expert-verified. 82% (11 ratings) Step 1. In this question, the image of the human brain is given.
Label A is cerebellum and Label B is brainstem in the given structure of brain.. The brain is the complex organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in most animals, including humans.It is responsible for controlling and coordinating all of the body's functions, including movement, sensation, thought, and emotion.. Label A: The cerebellum is a part of the brain that is located at ...
Draw a generic neuron. Label its main parts. On your drawing of a neuron, indicate the direction of flow of information. Distinguish between the central and peripheral nervous systems. Draw a simple diagram of the lateral surface of a human brain. Draw the central and lateral sulci. Label the major brain regions visible in this view.
Label the components of the hepatic portal system. Label the veins of the posterior knee. Identify the veins shown that are inferior to the diaphragm. Label the arteries of the posterior knee. Label the arteries of the abdomen. Label the blood vessels using the hints provided. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like ...
Terms in this set (9) Start studying A&P II LAB: EXAM #2 - Labeling Arteries of the brain and abdomen. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
The practice worksheet has two diagrams of a human brain. Students must label each diagram using the terms in the word bank. The word bank is different for each diagram. HUMAN BRAIN HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT. For the homework assignment, students must circle the correct answer for 18 questions.
First described in 2007, the system combines three fluorescent proteins — one red, one blue, and one green — to label different cells with as many as 90 colors. By studying the resulting images, researchers were able to begin to understand how the millions of neurons in the brain are connected. "'Brainbow' generated beautiful images ...
In partnership with the University of Toledo's Center for Creative Instruction, McGraw Hill launched the first-of-its-kind virtual dissection tool in 1997: Anatomy & Physiology Revealed® (APR).APR utilizes cadaver photography to provide students with a realistic experience and the ability to practice and understand dissection 24/7—without the physical resources of a cadaver.
The brain and the spinal cord are the central nervous system, and they represent the main organs of the nervous system. The spinal cord is a single structure, whereas the adult brain is described in terms of four major regions: the cerebrum, the diencephalon, the brain stem, and the cerebellum. A person's conscious experiences are based on ...
Support: Glia cells act as a physical support and protection for neurons. They also help keep the blood-brain barrier which prevents toxic chemicals in the blood from entering the brain. Nutrition: Glia cells help keep the environment around neurons in balance and make sure the right nutrients are available for neurons. Insulation: Glia cells can create myelin, a fatty substance that helps ...
This brain labeling activity was created for remote learners as an alternative to the labeling and coloring worksheet we would traditionally do in class. Instead of coloring and labeling on printouts, students use google slides to drag labels to the images or type the answers into text boxes. The slides do not have labeled diagrams but does ...
The cerebral cortex: this is the outer layer of the brain which is divided into two hemispheres. It's highly folded and is responsible for higher-order processes such as intelligence, memory, consciousness and personality. The cerebellum: this is underneath the cerebral cortex and is responsible for balance, muscle coordination and movement.
thalamus, hypothalamus, corpus callosum, amygdala, pituitary gland, hippocampus, brainstem, reticular formation, pons, medulla, spinal cord, cerebellum.
Question: Label the inferior view of the major arteries of the brain by clicking and dragging the labels to the correct location.Labels(1)Drop ...
Activity 2-1: Big Brain on a Stick PLAN Summary Students build a model of the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) to learn how the different parts relate to each other. Building the model provides the opportunity for students to visualize the main structures of the central nervous system and think about how the different parts communicate with one another.
Access VMware Hands-on Labs. Try out, for free, our latest products in a tested and documented, cloud-based, virtual lab environment.