write an essay on natural resources of nepal

What Are The Natural Resources Of Nepal?

Officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, Nepal is a country that is located in South Asia. The landlocked country lies mostly in the Himalayas although parts of it also lie in the Indo-Gangetic Plain. The nation has an area of about 56,827 square miles, which makes it the 93 rd largest country in the world in terms of size. Regarding population, Nepal is the 48 th largest nation in the world with a population of around 26.4 million people. The country is bordered by China, India, and Bangladesh. The nation’s capital city is Kathmandu, which is also the largest city.

Unfortunately, Nepal is among the least developed states in the world due to lack of any significant resources as well as a poor transport network. Another fact that contributes to this low level of development is the landlocked nature of the country. For this reason, the country mostly relies on imports in a wide range of things such as fuel, consumer goods, construction materials, metals, and other things. The few resources in the country include precious minerals and metals (such as iron ore, copper, magnesite, and others), water resources for hydroelectric power, agricultural land, and forests.

Most of the terrain in the country, about 80%, is hilly. However, research into the country’s hilly terrain has shown that there are a few deposits of metallic, non–metallic minerals, fuel minerals, and decorative minerals. These minerals include the likes of gold, limestone, mica, iron ore, copper, and others. While there are suspected oil deposits in places such as Pyuthan, Nepalgunj, and Dailekh, there have been no confirmations on the matter. Natural gas deposits are suspected to be in places like Mustang, the Kathmandu Valley, and a few other districts.

Limestone is mined in places such as Surkhet, Hetauda, and Chovar and has always been used to produce cement in the country. Another mineral, magnesium, is mined in a number of places such as at the Kampughat mine. Despite the few mineral resources, the mine at Kampughat in the Sagarmatha Zone has deposits of about 20 million tons of ore, of which 30% is magnesium. These deposits make Nepal one of the leading global producers of magnesium.

A lack of modern technology and equally skilled labor means that the country has been unable to produce these minerals at maximum levels. Should the government make the proper investments, then the sector has the potential of creating new industries as well as create new employment opportunities. In addition, the government regulations are a discouraging factor to multinational companies wishing to invest in the sector.

Agricultural Land

Nepal is divided into three portions namely Terai, Hilly, and Himalayan. The majority of the population in Nepal is poor and still depends on farming agriculture for sustenance. Of the total area of Nepal, about 17% is suitable for agriculture, which is mostly in Terai and Hilly. Rocky land covers about 38% of the country, which is mostly in Himalayan. In addition, the area around Himalayan has mountains that are covered by snow, which further makes that section unsuitable for agriculture.

Of the two arable sections, Terai is more suitable for farming due to higher levels of fertility. For this reason, this area is sometimes known as the Green Belt of Nepal. Most of the agricultural products produced by the country come from the belt and are then exported to the other two sections of Nepal. The farmers there cultivate a number of plants including wheat, rice, oilseed, sugarcane, paddy, jute, tobacco, maize, coconuts, and many other plants. Hilly regions are also used for some agricultural activities such as the production of rice, wheat, potatoes, maize, paddy, and a few other things. After supplying the other regions, Nepal usually has little left for exportation although some products such as rice are exported to other countries.

Forest Cover

This natural resource covers a huge part (about 25.4%) of Nepal. The forest cover is classified into three types namely protected, production, and conserved forests. Forests serve several purposes such as the production of firewood as well as timber for industrial purposes. Industrial uses of trees include industries such as paper, timber, and furniture. Industries that deal with wood include the government-owned Timber Corporation of Nepal and a few others. Other people also depend on the forests to extract medicinal herbs. In addition to all of these benefits, the forest provides a habitat for animals and birds.

Revenue generation from the forests is realized in a number of ways. For example, Nepal exports its timber products to several countries although the main export destination is the nearby India. Tourism is also a source of revenue as visitors from all around the world go to Nepal for the scenery. In the hilly areas, forest cover has been helping in preventing the erosion of precious arable land. Unfortunately, deforestation is still a major problem, which is why temperatures are increasing while agricultural yields are going down.

Nepal is one of the richest countries in the world terms of water resources. In fact, only Brazil has more water. The fact that the country is leading in terms of water resources despite being landlocked shows just how much water it has. The water in Nepal comes from several sources including melting snow and mountains. Nepal has a number of major rivers including Karnali, Bhotekoshi, Koshi, Sunkoshi, Gandaki, and many more. Lakes in the country include Tilicho, Rara, and Phewa.

Primarily, water is used for a number of functions namely drinking and household use, irrigation projects, and generation of hydroelectricity. Interestingly, the abundance of these resources has done nothing to alleviate a water shortage in the capital city and other major settlements. In addition, the country’s maximum potential for the production of hydroelectricity has not been met. Estimates place the country’s potential for electricity production at a whopping 83,000 MW. Currently, the country can only produce a measly 600 MW. To improve the situation, Nepal is working on a number of projects including nine major power plants while considering another 27 sites for future exploration. In addition, the government has a number of projects such as the Melamchi water project to supply water to Kathmandu.

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Natural Resources of Nepal: Key to Development

Explore the natural resources of nepal, such as its mineral, forestry, and water resources. learn the importance of properly utilizing natural resources for the sustainable development of nepal..

Natural resources are free gifts from nature, which include land, climates, forests, water, minerals, etc. Nepal is rich in natural resources. If Nepal could utilize the available natural resources properly, it would be developed within a short period of time. Most developed countries have got prosperity from the proper utilization of natural resources, and only the proper utilization of natural resources makes a country prosperous.

Water Resources:

write an essay on natural resources of nepal

Among all the natural resources of Nepal, water resources are regarded as one of the most important. There are more than six thousand rivers, including major and minor, with a length of more than 4500 Km. There are a large number of lakes and springs as well. Koshi, Narayani, Gandaki, Rapti, Veri, Karnali, Mahakali, etc. are the major rivers of Nepal. Likewise, Rara, Phewa, Begnas, Tilicho, etc. are the major lakes. Nepal's regular sources of water resources are the Himalayan glaciers and rainfall. With regard to water resources, Nepal stands in the 43rd position in the world with approximately 210 cubic kilometers of total renewable internal freshwater resources. Water resources are also termed "white gold" for the Nepalese economy. If the available water resources are properly utilized, Nepal can easily be converted into a developed country.

Importance of water resources:

Development of agriculture.

The development of agriculture entirely depends upon the development of irrigation in Nepal. Nepalese agriculture still depends on monsoon rain. The development of irrigation and modernization of agriculture depend directly on water resources.

Development of transportation and communication

Energy generated from water resources can be used to run electric means of transport such as electric buses, cable cars, electric trains, ropeways, and other electric vehicles. Similarly, with proper water resource utilization, means of communication such as telephone, internet, fax, radio, TV, and so on can be developed.

Tourism development

Tourism in Nepal has a close relationship with natural setting. Since rivers, waterfalls, natural springs, lakes, etc. add the natural beauty of the country; it would help to develop tourism industry by providing different facilities like rafting, boating, and swimming and etc.

Basis of good health

Development of water resources helps to provide pure drinking water which leads to basis of healthy life. It helps not only to increase the productivity of labour but also to raise of living standard of people.

Employment opportunity

The development of water resources helps to create more employment opportunities. Since hydroelectricity helps to develop agriculture, tourism, etc. the economic activities in the country increases.

Uses of water resources:

Hydroelectricity.

One of the main uses of water resources is hydroelectricity production. The first hydroelectricity project is the Pharping hydroelectricity project, which was constructed in 1968 BS during the Rana rule. Hydroelectricity is accessible to 77 districts of the country, and 93% of the population has access to electricity.

Irrigation is another important use of water resources in Nepal. It is known as the lifeblood of agriculture. Without irrigation facilities, the development of agriculture is not possible, and without the development of agriculture, economic development is not possible in Nepal. One of the main reasons behind the slow development in the agriculture sector is the lack of adequate irrigation facilities. Of the country's total 2,641,000 hectares (18%) of arable land, the irrigation command area is only 1,766,000 hectares (67%). By 2020/21, the command area of irrigation facilities had reached 58.07% of total irrigable land. However, around the year, irrigation facilities are available on 33% of total irrigable land.

Drinking water

Drinking water is essential for human existence. Human life is impossible without drinking water. Although Nepal is rich in water resources, people here face an acute shortage of safe drinking water in both urban and rural areas. The supply of sufficient safe drinking water to all the people in the state creates a good environment for achieving prosperity in the economy. According to the census of 2068, 47.84% of people have access to pipeline drinking water and 35% use the sallow-tube well for drinking water. According to the economic survey 2020/21, 91% of people have access to basic drinking water services. However, only 23% of people have access to high or medium-level drinking water services. The fifteenth plan (2019/20-2023/24) has set the target of providing drinking water facilities to 99% of the total population.

Forest Resource:

Forest resources are the other most important natural resources of Nepal. It stands in a significant position for economic development as well as to maintain the environmental balance of Nepal. Forest resources are the most important for the economic development of a nation as well as for the conservation of the natural environment. Nepal was very rich in forest resources in the past. It is evident from the old saying "Hariyo Ban Nepal Ko Dhan" (the green forest is the wealth of Nepal). Nowadays, the condition of Nepalese forest resources is not as good as it was in the past. In Nepal, forests have covered 5.962 million hectares of land and wooded land has covered 0.648 million hectares of land. Altogether, the total area covered by forest is 44.8% of the total land area. By province, Karnali province occupies the highest forest areas, and province No.2 occupies the lowest.

Importance of Forest Resources:

Source of energy.

Forest resources are the main source of energy in Nepal. Firewood is the cheapest source of energy that comes from the forest. According to the 2011 census, only firewood fulfils 64% of the total energy demand of Nepal in household use.

Source of raw material

The raw materials for different industries, such as paper, medicine, plastics, matches, and furniture, come from the forest. As a result, the development of such industries is heavily reliant on a consistent and sufficient supply of raw materials from the forest.

Sources of foreign currency

Various products such as timber, herbal products, industrial raw materials, and wooden handicrafts are collected as well as produced from the forest and can be supplied to neighboring countries to earn foreign currency.

Sources of water

Most of the water resources originate from green hills and mountains. Dense forests absorb rainwater, regulate it into the earth through their roots and help to preserve water at inner levels, and enrich the water table constantly.

Maintain environmental and ecological balance

Forests influence local and regional climates, preserve soil and in the case of watersheds, protect soil downstream from floods. Forest resource also provides internal greenery and natural beauty to us. It is very important to maintain an ecological balance between wildlife habitats and human beings.

Mineral Resource:

It is very important to have natural resources for the economic development of a nation. Different types of minerals, such as gold, silver, copper, coal, gas, petroleum products, limestone, iron, etc., which are found in the womb of the earth are mineral resources. Mineral resources play an important role in the economic development of a nation. It is said that Nepal is rich in mineral resources. However, the extent to which commercial utilization of mineral resource deposits is possible is yet to be known. Nepal has many kinds of mineral deposits such as iron, copper, limestone, natural gas, coal, lead, magnetic, nickel, marble, and mica in different parts of the country. Mineral exploration in a scientific manner started in Nepal some 73 years ago. Some of the mineral resources have been used in industrial production, like cement, industrial lime, dead burnt magnetite, polished marble, etc.

Importance of mineral resources:

Employment opportunities.

Mineral industries require unskilled, skilled, and highly skilled manpower, which creates employment opportunities for all types of human resources.

Development of new industries

The development of new industries from cottage/micro industries to large-scale industries depends on mineral resources. Agriculture limes, zinc, and cement are the main industries of Nepal based on mineral resources.

Source of foreign currency

If Nepal extracts large quantities of minerals such as natural gas, diesel, petrol, kerosene, iron, copper, etc. it can save and earn a large amount of foreign currency.

Modern means of transport, such as air, road, and water, and means of communication, such as television, radio, computers, telephones, faxes, etc., are produced by the utilization of mineral resources. Hence, the development of transport and communication is highly dependent on the proper development of mineral resources.

Supply of construction material

Different development projects are in operation in different sectors of the economy. Development projects need a high amount of construction materials such as brick, cement, steel, copper, etc. which can be supplied cheaply and adequately if we develop the mineral resource properly.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What natural resources are important to nepal and why, what is the most prominent natural resource in nepal, what are the natural resources of nepal, how do water resources contribute to nepal's development, how do forest resources contribute to nepal's economy, what mineral resources are found in nepal, how do mineral resources contribute to employment opportunities in nepal.

Natural resources of Nepal
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Forest resources of Nepal
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Essay On Natural Resources Of Nepal.

The main natural resources of Nepal are water, forests and minerals. Nepal is rich in natural resources such as water, forests, etc. If natural resources such as water are used correctly, the development of the country will continue. Scientific management and utilization of resources can accelerate the pace of development in Nepal. Water, air, forests, soil, minerals, etc. are all examples of natural resources.

Natural resources are air, water, sunlight, forest, land, rocks, soil, oil, metals and minerals. The use and consumption of these resources is of great importance for the future of human life. We must save our forest and use it wisely. Water is the most important natural resource in Nepal. Water, necessary for survival and essential for the development of agriculture, is the main natural resource of Nepal.

Status of water resources Nepal is one of the most water-rich countries and one of the country's most important natural resources. Nepal's few resources include precious minerals and metals (such as iron ore, copper, magnesite, etc.), hydroelectric water resources, agricultural land, and forests. Water resources are abundant throughout Nepal, with snow cover, rivers, springs, lakes and groundwater. Water resources in Nepal have various potentials such as hydroelectric power generation, irrigation, drinking water, water transportation, etc.

The forest is a very important resource in Nepal because it provides fuel, timber, herbs and so on. We receive raw materials for fuel, raw materials for furniture and paper, etc. The people of Nepal use the resources obtained from the natural forests of Nepal for a variety of purposes. Due to a lack of labor and financial resources, we have not been able to take full advantage of these natural gifts. Nepal is a country with a diverse climate, which, depending on it, has different types of forest. The positive changes evident in Nepal's community forestry have shown that community members can effectively manage the natural resources under their jurisdiction.

Community forestry in Nepal, Indonesia and Korea is a successful example of how stakeholder analysis can be incorporated into natural resource management. By becoming aware of the factors that have unfortunately led to the impoverishment of Nepal's economy, people themselves can take steps to conserve their natural resources, especially forests. USAID's work in Nepal supports these goals by promoting transparency and inclusive governance; maintain prudent investment policies, rules and practices; and promote the sustainable management of natural resources. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) advances the Indo-Pacific vision of the United States through bilateral and regional partnerships to strengthen democratic systems, promote economic growth, and improve natural resource management.

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Natural Resources of Nepal Forest | Soil | Water | Minerals

Last updated Aug 15, 2023 |

Natural resources are any resources that exist on this planet due to nature. They are similar to sunlight, minerals, water, air, soil, and forests. Because of the accessibility of these natural resources, life is conceivable on Earth. Without these resources, life would not have been conceivable on Earth. In this essay, let’s discuss Nepal’s natural resources.

Nepal, which has 147,181 square kilometres and a population of about 30 million, is located between China and India. Nepal is a landlocked nation as a result. It covers 0.01% of the world’s surface and 0.1% of Asia. The tallest peak in the world, Mount Everest, is Nepal’s claim to fame. Nepal’s natural resources include minerals, water, land, and forests.

Table of Contents

One of Nepal’s primary natural resources is the forest. The FAO estimated that 25.4% of Nepal’s total land area was covered by forests in 2005. However, in the current situation, this percentage has drastically changed. The land formerly covered in the forest has been converted into cultivable land due to rapid population growth and unchecked urbanisation. Therefore, the government of Nepal has split forest regions into three groups to safeguard and conserve them. They are conserved forests, managed for productivity, and protected.

Nepal is an agricultural nation, and a sizable portion of its population still relies on the forest for fuel. In addition to that, the forest is essential to numerous sectors, including those that produce paper, furniture, and lumber. Nepal’s forests are the source of the medicinal herbs used to make medications. Despite this, substantial amounts of spices are transported to other nations due to a dearth of pharmaceutical production companies.

Wild animals and birds can also be found in forests. There are many conservation areas in Nepal which has aided in preserving the animals and the forest. These protected regions serve as a draw for tourists visiting Nepal. It has aided in strengthening the nation’s economy. Forests significantly reduce landslides and floods. It supports environmental ecosystem balance. The forest must therefore be preserved.

Since more than 70% of the population still relies on agriculture, soil is another crucial natural resource in Nepal. Only 147,181 square kilometres, or roughly 0.01% of the world’s land, is occupied by Nepal. Nepal is a landlocked nation that is split into three main regions. They are Himalayan, hilly, and Terai.

In the plain and level Terai, 17% of the land is suitable for cultivation. Since the majority of agricultural products such as rice, wheat, jute, paddy, tobacco, sugarcane, oilseed, potatoes, coconut, maize, etc., are exported from Terai to Hilly and Himalayan, it is also known as Nepal’s “green belt.” Although the terrain is hilly and mountainous, some areas are appropriate for growing crops such as rice, paddy, potatoes, wheat, and maize. Snow, mountains, and rocks cover the Himalayan. Consequently, farming is challenging in this area. They mostly import products from Terai and Hilly. On the other hand, medicinal herbs are widely available in the Himalayan region.

In Nepal, various types of soil are available. They are like alluvial, rocky, sandy, lacustrine, and mountain soil.

Nepal has abundant sources of water. After Brazil, Nepal is considered the second most prosperous country in water resources. The significant water sources in Nepal are mountains, glaciers, and snow. There are eight mountains whose height is above 8000m and many glaciers and ponds in the Himalayan region that flow as rivers in the Hilly and Terai regions. Rivers like Karnali, Bagmati, Seti, Kaligandaki, Mahakali, Koshi, Gandaki, Bhotekoshi, and Sunksohi are famous in Nepal. Similarly, lakes like Rara, Phewa, Tilicho, and Shey Phoksundo are famous tourist spots in Nepal that thousands of tourist visit yearly.

Since water is an essential natural resource in Nepal, it has been used in producing electricity, irrigation projects, drinking purposes, household activities, fish farming, etc. Nepal can produce a large megawatt of electricity, but it has failed to do so, so Nepal is suffering from massive load shedding. People of the capital city are facing a scarcity of drinking water. Agriculture in Terai has not been effective due to the lack of water. As a whole, the availability of this natural resource has not been able to be fully utilized by the government of Nepal.

Nepal is rich in minerals which are another important natural resource available here. There are many minerals, like metallic, non-metallic, fuel, stones, etc., found mostly in the mountainous part of the country. Gold, limestone, mica, copper, and irons are also available in Nepal, based on research. It has been recently researched that Nepal has a possibility of petroleum products in the cities like Nepalgunj, Biratnagar, Dailekh, and Pyuthan. The research is going on, and if possible, there is the possibility of establishing the petroleum industry in Nepal soon. Similarly, minerals like limestone are used for cement production. They are found in Surkhet, Hetauda, Chovar. A research team has revealed that Kathmandu and Mustang have abundant sources of natural gasses available, but it is not officially confirmed yet.

Nepal is a developing country that lacks modern technology, skilled manpower, and capital to extract minerals and establish mining industries. The government makes no hard and fast rule, so even if the international company wants to invest their capital in our minerals, they don’t have any authorization. It takes a long process. The government of Nepal needs to focus on this matter since it will help to solve the unemployment problem in Nepal at some level.

Natural resources are a very important factor in the survival of human beings. They need to be protected, conserved, and properly utilized. Since Nepal is taking a step forward in development, it needs to protect and conserve its natural resources by formulating strict rules and regulations.

Chapter-9 Natural Resource of Nepal

Natural Resources of Nepal

# Introduction to Natural Resources

Ans :- A natural resource is something that is found in nature and can be used by people. Natural resources include land, climate, forest, water, mineral, etc. There are two types of natural resources. They are:

i) Renewable natural resources:- Renewable natural resources are those resources which can be renewed even after use. For example, water, forest, solar energy, etc.

ii) Non-renewable natural resources:- Non-renewable natural resources are those resources which can’t be renewed after once it is used. For example, coal, natural gas, natural oil, etc.

1. What do you mean by water resources? Explain the importance of water resources in Nepal.

Ans:- A water resource is the most important natural resources of Nepal. Nepal is the second richest country in the world on the basis of water. There are more than 6000 rivers in Nepal. The total length of rivers in Nepal is estimated to 45,000 Km. theoretically hydropower of Nepal is 83,000 Megawatt. But economically and technically only 44,000 Megawatt usable. It has several potentialities like hydroelectricity generation, irrigation, drinking water, water transport, etc. The measure rivers of Nepal are Gandaki, Koshi, Karnali, Mechi, Mahakali, Seti, Bheri, Rapti and Narayani.

# Importance of water resources in Nepal.

a) Development of agriculture sector:- Water resource is the basic of irrigation and irrigation is the life blood of agriculture. The development of irrigation and modernization of agriculture depends directly on water resources. Therefore, development of agriculture sector depends upon water resources.

b) Development of industrial sector:- A large amount of fuel is needed to generate power for industrial development. The generation of hydroelectricity can be a cheaper means of energy as compare to diesel and petrol. Therefore, generating adequate electricity from rivers of Nepal can developed industrial sector of Nepal.

c) Development of tourism:- Nepal is rich in rivers, lake, waterfalls and ponds. Tourist visit Nepal for rafting, boating, fishing. Water resources generate electricity which ultimately helps to develop transportation and communication. These are essential to develop tourism industry.

d) Development of transport and communication:- Energy generated from water resources can be used to run electric means of transportation such as trolley bus, cable car, ropeway, etc. Similarly, use of modern means of communication like Television, Radio, and Internet etc. is possible only with the generation of electricity.

e) Preservation of forest conservation:- The development of hydroelectricity substitute the firewood as fuel energy. The majority of rural people depend upon firewood to meet their energy needs. Therefore, large scale hydroelectricity production at minimum cost would have to replace the traditional use of firewood consumption.

f) Generating of employment opportunities:- Development of water resources create direct and indirect employment opportunities in many sector. Proper utilization of water resources helps to develop agriculture, industry and tourism sector which ultimately provides employment opportunities.

g) Source of foreign currency earning:- The development of hydroelectricity through water resources helps to develop industrial sector, which helps to increase the export volume of goods and services. Similarly, the generated electricity can be exported to earn foreign currency.

h) Household water requirement:- Development of water resources helps to provides pure drinking water which is the basic of healthy life.

2. Explain the potentiality of water resources in Nepal.

Ans :- Nepal is a very rich country in water resources. The water resources of Nepal has several potentiality like hydroelectricity generation, irrigation, drinking water, water transport and many more. However the major potential of water resources is hydroelectricity.

3. Discuss the current situation of hydroelectricity of Nepal.

Ans:- Nepal has huge water resources with high potentiality. The potentiality of hydroelectricity in Nepal is about 83,000 Megawatt, which is 2.27% of the total hydroelectricity of the world. However, only 44,370 Megawatt of the potential capacity is techno-economically viable.

It is explained below in the table:-

By the end of fiscal year 2015/16, a total of 829.2 MW hydroelectricity has been generated from various hydropower projects which is less 1% of the total potentiality. Out of generated hydropower 824.7 MW was connected to national grid.

4. Describe the problem of water resources development in Nepal.

Ans :- The problems water resources development in Nepal are explained below:

i) Lack of capital:- A huge amount of capital is required to develop water resources. But the sufficient capital is not available in Nepal. Nepal has therefore unable to conduct the large hydroelectricity and irrigation projects.

ii) Lack of technology and technician:- Due to lack of capita, Nepal doesn’t have technology and technician manpower. For the purpose of new technology it also required huge capital which Nepal cannot afford.

iii) Lack of transport and communication:- Transportation and communication facilities are very important in order to conduct projects related to water resources. A most of the hydroelectricity project lies in hill region which means transportation and communication which difficult to reach their.

iv) Lack of market:- Market of water resources product is limited. One and only market is India but Indian policy is not favorable.

v) Defective government policy:- Government policy related to water resources is not appropriate and effective. Nepal government has open door policy for private investment but the policy and legal provisions are not clear.

5. What do you mean by forest resources? Explain the role, importance, direct and indirect benefits of forest resources in Nepal.

Ans:- Forest is one of the important natural resources of Nepal. Different types of forest are found in Nepal. Forest is the renewable natural resources. Hence, scientific management and utilization of resources can increase the pace of development of country.

Green forest is the wealth of Nepal. Forest is the free gift of nature to human beings. Forest is the very important resources of Nepal because it provides fuel, wood, herbs etc. We get raw materials for fuel, raw for furniture and paper etc.

# Role, important, direct and indirect benefits of forest resources in Nepal

i) Source of energy:- Forest is the main source of energy. It provides fuel, firewood to meet the daily necessity of people. About 86% of the total energy consumption is supplied by the forest resources.

ii) Source of raw material:- It provides raw material for forest based industries like paper, medicine, plastic, furniture etc. Therefore, a forest resource is the source of raw materials required for various industries in Nepal.

iii) Basic of preserving natural eco-system:- Forest is the source of oxygen. Survival of living things is impossible without forest. Forest resources help in environment protection and ecological balance.

iv) Source of water:- Forest helps to maintain constant flow of water in rivers, cannels and tabs. Forest helps to maintain constant flow of drinking water.

v) Control of soil erosion and landslide:- Forest helps to control flood, landslide and soil erosion. Therefore, forest is regarded as the natural protection against flood, landslide and soil erosion. The fertility of land declines in the absence of the control of soil erosion.

vi) Promotion of tourism development:- Forest enhances the natural beauty. The rare wild animals and birds get shelter in the forest which is the source of tourist attraction in various wild life conservation of Nepal.

vii) Sources of public revenue:- It is one of the main source of public revenue in Nepal. It provides both tax and non- tax revenue by selling the forest product like timber, herbs etc.

6. What are the causes of rapid deforestation in Nepal? Explain.

Ans:- The causes of deforestation in Nepal are explained below:

i) High population growth rate:- Due to high growth of population, the dependency on forest is increasing for every sector. With the increase in population, the demand for energy consumption, demand for houses also increases which is one of the cause of deforestation.

ii) Migration:- Due to low productivity of agriculture and lack of employment opportunities in Hill areas, people migrate to the Terai area. The tendency of such migrated people is to live nearby forest area because of the availability of their daily needs from forest without cost, which is the cause of deforestation.

iii) Uneducated people:- Lack of awareness and uneducated people, they cut down trees without worry of future. People are unaware of the problems of landslide, soil erosion, lack of rainfall etc.

iv) Lack of employment opportunities:- About 66% of the total population are engaged in agriculture where seasonal unemployment and disguised unemployment are the main problem, today. Due to lack of alternative employment opportunity except agriculture, they use forest resources as a source of extra income.

v) Demand for raw materials:- The forest based industries are increasing in Nepal. Thus, there is increase in demand for raw materials for forest based industries like paper, furniture etc. As a result deforestation is increasing in Nepal.

vi) Defective government policy:- The government policy regarding preservation and development of forest is defective because it changes frequently with the change in government and becomes less effective.

vii) Supply of construction materials:- The wood and timber is essential for the construction of house, bridge, industries and furniture. In rural area, forest areas are destroyed to meet the need of agriculture tools, which is the causes deforestation.

7. Explain the consequence of deforestation in Nepal.

Ans:- The consequences of deforestation in Nepal are explained below:

i) Environment degradation:- Deforestation causes calamities changes and irregular rainfall. Irregular rainfall causes flood, soil erosion, landslide etc. which damages the environment.

ii) Natural calamities: – Deforestation leads to flood, landslide, deficiency of rainfall and various diseases. Deforestation creates the situation of natural calamities.

iii) Effect on tourism:- Deforestation destroyed the natural beauty and climate of the country. Similarly, it destroyed rare wild animals and birds. As a result tourism industry will adversely affect.

iv) Effects on industries:- Deforestation has negative effect on industries. It causes reduction in the supply of raw materials for forest based industries like paper, medicine, furniture etc. it will also have adverse effect on employment and public revenue.

v) Shortage of construction materials:- Various construction materials in Nepal are based on the timber obtain from forest. Due to deforestation people are facing the problem of construction of house, bridge, factories etc.

vi) Decrease in live- stock rearing:- Livestock is also based on forest resources. Deforestation directly affects the livestock rearing because there will be lack of food required for livestock due to deforestation.

vii) Disappearance of rare animals and plants:- Forest is the home for animals, birds and plants. Deforestation leads to disappearance of such rare animals like elephant, tiger, and rhino etc. which have adverse effect on tourism industries.

8. What do you mean by mineral resources?

Ans:- Mineral resource is one of the important natural resources. It is the hidden natural resources which directly connect on money worth. It can be found on the underground part of earth, basically gold, silver, petrol, copper etc. are the same of the examples of mineral resources. The expected mineral resources deposited in various part of Nepal are iron ore, copper, limestone, lead, coal, petroleum, gold, natural gas, zinc, magnetize etc.

9. Explain current position and potentiality of mineral resources in Nepal.

Ans:- It is believed that Nepal is rich in mineral resources. Preliminary survey reveal that there are verities of mineral ores, natural gas, coal etc. are deposited various parts of Nepal. Based on various geological surveys, places of mineral deposits in Nepal are shown below:

Source:- Economic survey 2012

10. What are the role or importance of mineral resources in Nepal.

Ans:- The role or importance of mineral resources are explained below:

i) Development of industries:- Mineral resources have important role in the development of industries. The heavy machinery and equipment needed for industries are made from mineral resources. Therefore, a mineral resource is important for industries development.

ii) Source of energy:- The mineral resources such as petrol, gas coal etc. are the major source of energy. Optimum utilization of mineral resources can be used to meet growing energy demand.

iii) Source of employment:- The existence of mineral resources and their proper utilization provides employment opportunities to the people. The mineral resources provide direct as well as indirect employment opportunities.

iv) Provides employment opportunities:- Most of the people in Nepal are engaged in agriculture occupation. If there is development of mineral resources, it requires more employment and reduces the unemployment in the country.

v) Modernization of agriculture:- Establishment of mine based industries assists to produce modern agricultural tools, manure and other fertilizers. Such type of modern fertilizers can be used for the large scale production of different types of food crops cash crops, vegetables, fruits etc.

vi) Source of foreign currency earning:- Nepal can earn large amount of currency by exporting its minerals, if it could extract large quantities of copper, marbles, iron ore etc.

vii) Development of transport, communication and electricity:- Development of transport and electricity need heavy equipment’s which are the outcomes of mineral resources.

viii) Source of public revenue:- Optimum utilization of mineral resources helps to establish large scale industries. Nepal has greater scope of cement, zinc, coal, etc. The government can imposed different type of taxes and other duties on such products which are the major source of public revenue.

11. What are the problems of mineral resources utilization in Nepal?

Ans:- The problem in mineral resources utilization are explained below:

i) Lack of advance technology:- The optimum utilization of mineral resources requires advance technology, modern equipment and efficient technician. But the availability highly skilled and experienced technicians are not adequate. Due to this the development of mineral resources is not possible.

ii) Lack of capital:- A huge amount of capital is required to develop the mineral resources. But Nepalese people are poor and the rate of capital formation is very low. So Nepalese people do not have sufficient capital to invest.

iii) Lack of infrastructure:- Transportation and communication are essential infrastructure for the development of a country. But such facilities are not available in Hilly and Himalayan region, a place where mineral are deposit.

iv) Defective government policy:- There should be appropriate and adequate mineral policy that covers various types of mineral resources development including exploration, exploitation, processing, research and development. But there is no any appropriate mineral policy in Nepal.

v) Lack of in-depth geological survey:- The most important aspect of mineral resources exploration is in-depth geological survey. In other country, except few preliminary geological surveys, adequate surveys have not been undertaken so far.

vi) Shortage of energy:- The sources like coal, petrol, diesel etc. are the pre- requisites for the extraction, purification and utilization of mineral resources. However, the supply of energy is still inadequate in Nepal.

12. Concept of Natural Resource Management

Ans:- Natural resources are material that occurs naturally such as timber, coal, water, air, fish, animals and land. Natural resource management is an interdisciplinary field of study that considers physical, biological, economic and social aspects of handling natural resources. It involves putting resources to their best use for human purpose in addition to preserving natural system.

13. What are the main causes of environmental pollution?

Ans :- The main causes of environment pollution are explained below:

i) Lack of capital:- We need adequate capital to manage the existing natural resource. Due to lack of adequate capital for investment for utilization of natural resources, these natural resources are still unknown to common people and their use in commercial scale is yet to be started.

ii) High population growth rate:- High population is the natural resource management. The increase in population will increase the pressure on natural resources, which is one of the major causes of environmental pollution.

iii) Deforestation:- Deforestation is another problem of natural resource management. The high growth of population leads to migration, maximum use of firewood as fuel for cooking etc. causes deforestation. This creates the problem of natural resource management.

iv) Use of chemical fertilizers:- Nowadays, most of the farmers of Nepal using chemical fertilizer in order to increase agricultural products in unscientific way. Consequently many animals and plants are being affected negatively resulting problems in natural resource management.

v) Establishment of industry:- Establishment of industry is also responsible in environmental degradation. There is no any provision for the control of population due to lack of clear policy.

vi) Increasing numbers of vehicles:- The number of vehicles is increasing day by day in urban areas of Nepal. But road condition is not good to face the pressure of increasing number of vehicles furthermore; the traffic system is also not scientific. As a result, air pollution is high in urban area.

14. Explain the consequences of environmental pollution.

Ans :- The consequences of environment pollution are as follow:

i) Soil degradation:- The environmental pollution leads to soil degradation which reduces the productivity of agriculture sector. Due to this, the total production of main crop is decreasing day by day.

ii) Water pollution and scarcity:- When there is environment pollution then consequently water gets polluted. This rises the problem of water born disease such as typhoid, diarrhea.

iii) Air pollution:- The use of energy, smoke from vehicles and industries are causing air pollution. This creates breathing related disease such as hypertension, asthma etc.

iv) Loss of bio- diversity:- The environmental degradation reduces bio- diversity. It reduces the adaptability of eco- system and loss of genetic resources. Loss of bio-diversity leads to ultimate destruction of the environment and it’s capacity to sustain life.

v) Atmospheric changes:- The over production of carbon monoxide is the causes of depletion of ozone layer. It increases the problem of global warming. The forest, agriculture and the whole eco-system are affected by atmospheric changes.

vi) Natural calamities:- Rapid deforestation leads to uneven rainfall which results in flood, landslide and various disease.

vii) Adverse effect in tourism industry:- When environment will be polluted, no any tourist will be attracted to visit Nepal. This will be due to unhealthy environment. So environmental pollution will adversely affect the tourism industries.

15 . Remedial Measures to Correct Environment Pollution

16. Problems of Natural Resource Management

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Agriculture in Nepal: An Essay with Comprehensive Analysis

Agriculture in Nepal: A Comprehensive Analysis

Agriculture is the backbone of Nepal’s economy, contributing to more than one-third of the country’s GDP and employing over 65% of the workforce. Nepal’s geographical and climatic diversity has provided a unique opportunity for agricultural production, with the potential to sustainably increase crop yields, livestock productivity, and export value. Despite these advantages, the sector faces several challenges, including limited access to modern inputs, poor infrastructure, and the impact of climate change. In this article, we will explore the various aspects of agriculture in Nepal and suggest ways to overcome these challenges.

Table of Contents

Natural Resources in Nepal, Essay on Agriculture in Nepal

Agricultural Production in Nepal

Nepal’s agriculture sector is divided into two main sub-sectors: crop production and livestock production. The crop production sub-sector includes cereals, pulses, vegetables, fruits, and spices, while the livestock sub-sector includes cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, and poultry. The country’s agricultural production is highly dependent on monsoon rainfall, which accounts for more than 80% of total precipitation. This makes Nepal’s agricultural production highly vulnerable to climate change, with the potential for droughts, floods, and other extreme weather events.

Also Read : Essay on Natural Resources in Nepal: An Overview

Despite these challenges, Nepal has made significant progress in agricultural production in recent years. The country’s cereal production has increased by 33% since 2000, while livestock productivity has also increased significantly. However, the sector still faces several challenges, including limited access to modern inputs, poor infrastructure, and low adoption of modern farming practices.

Challenges Facing Agriculture in Nepal

One of the primary challenges facing agriculture in Nepal is limited access to modern inputs. Farmers in Nepal lack access to quality seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and other modern inputs, which hinders their productivity and limits their potential for growth. The government has attempted to address this issue by subsidizing inputs and promoting private sector investment in the sector, but progress has been slow.

Another challenge facing agriculture in Nepal is poor infrastructure. The country’s rural areas lack basic infrastructure such as roads, electricity, and irrigation, which hinders farmers’ access to markets and limits their productivity. The government has attempted to address this issue by investing in infrastructure development, but progress has been slow due to the country’s rugged terrain and limited resources.

The impact of climate change is another challenge facing agriculture in Nepal. The country’s agriculture sector is highly vulnerable to extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, and landslides. These events can cause significant damage to crops and livestock, leading to decreased yields and income for farmers. The government has attempted to address this issue by promoting climate-resilient farming practices, but progress has been slow due to limited resources and capacity.

Suggestions for Overcoming Challenges

To overcome the challenges facing agriculture in Nepal, several strategies can be adopted. Firstly, there needs to be an increased investment in agricultural research and development to promote the adoption of modern farming practices. This can include research into new crop varieties, improved irrigation systems, and better soil management practices.

Secondly, there needs to be an increased investment in rural infrastructure development to improve farmers’ access to markets and increase their productivity. This can include the construction of rural roads, electrification, and irrigation systems.

Finally, there needs to be an increased focus on climate-resilient farming practices to mitigate the impact of climate change on the agriculture sector. This can include the promotion of drought-tolerant crops, improved soil management practices, and better water management practices.

Also Read : Mahatma Gandhi: Inspiring a Movement for Change

Agriculture is a vital sector for Nepal’s economy, providing employment to over 65% of the workforce and contributing to more than one-third of the country’s GDP. However, the sector faces several challenges, including limited access to modern inputs, poor infrastructure, and the impact of climate change. To overcome these challenges, there can be done to promote agricultural research and development, invest in rural infrastructure development, and promote climate-resilient farming practices. By addressing these challenges, Nepal’s agriculture sector can continue to grow and contribute to the country’s economic development .

Essay on Natural Resources in Nepal: An Overview

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✍️Essay on Natural Resources: Samples in 100, 150 and 200 Words

Updated on
Nov 2, 2023

Wondering about how the resources provided by our planet Earth are depleting? Well, that’s true. We have come to the stage where we should start working towards saving our planet. We humans have used our resources in a humongous quantity. Therefore, it’s time we start working towards saving our planet for our future generations. Today we will provide you with a few samples of essay on natural resources which will help you write on this topic easily.

Table of Contents

1 What are Natural Resources?
2 Types of Natural Resources
3 Essay on Natural Resources in 100 Words
4 Essay on Natural Resources in 150 Words
5 Essay on Natural Resources in 200 Words

What are Natural Resources?

Natural Resources are resources which are present in nature independent of human actions.

These are the resources that are created naturally by the environment, without any help from humans. Soil, stone, sunlight, air, plants, animals, fossil fuels, etc. are all natural resources.

In simple language, natural resources are naturally occurring materials which are useful to humankind. They can also be useful in a variety of ways such as in technological, economic or social contexts. These resources include building, clothing materials, food, water, fertilisers and geothermal energy. Natural resources were traditionally within the purview of the natural sciences.

Also Read: Essay on Save Environment: Samples in 100, 200, 300 Words

Types of Natural Resources

Speaking of the type of natural resources, there are mainly two types of natural resources. These include Renewable and Non-renewable resources.

Renewable Resources: These are those resources which are endlessly available to humans for several uses. These resources are trees, wind, and water.

Non-Renewable Resources: These resources are available to humans in infinite quantities as they are not renewable and their supply may eventually run out. Minerals and fossil fuels are a few examples.

Also Read: Essay on the Importance of the English Language for Students

Essay on Natural Resources in 100 Words

Natural resources are parts of the natural world that are useful to humans. Renewable resources are those that can be swiftly replenished, these include soil, water, and air., Non-renewable resources are those that need time to recover, such as minerals, oil, natural gas, etc.

One should note that the survival of all life on Earth depends on natural resources. However, the usage of natural resources in excess use can cause ecosystem disruption. Many nations are taking action these days to protect their natural resources. Natural resources shouldn’t be used for purposes outside our needs. In order to preserve non-renewable resources, we should utilise renewable resources more frequently than non-renewable ones.

Essay on Natural Resources in 150 Words

The organic aspects of nature that contribute to our way of life are known as natural resources. For survival, we rely on natural resources. Natural resources include things like air, water, soil, minerals, crops, etc. Resources like minerals, oil, and other resources are found in non-living organisms and take eons to regenerate.

The distribution of natural resources is not even. Resources like these are also the primary driver of international trade relations for many nations. However, with time, these natural resources have now been overused by the human mankind beyond their limits.

However, the unrestricted exploitation of natural resources is a challenge for all nations these days. To control this, a lot of nations are emphasising garbage recycling and employing more renewable resources than non-renewable ones.

Sustainable development is the use of natural resources for current requirements without wasting them while keeping an eye on the future. It refers to the wise use of natural resources without sacrificing what coming generations will need.

Also Read: Essay on Unity in Diversity in 100 to 200 Words

Essay on Natural Resources in 200 Words

Natural resources are materials found in the environment that humans use to survive. From the very start, humans have been dependent on these resources. While some of these resources can be restored more rapidly than others, some require more time. Resources like sunlight, water, air, and other renewable resources are readily available and have higher recovery rates than consumption rates.

On the other hand, the formation and processing of non-renewable resources, such as minerals, oil, and natural gas, take a long time. Even the usage rate of these non-renewable resources is higher as compared to the renewable resources. While some natural resources are used immediately, others must first undergo processing.

Even while renewable resources are available in huge quantities, they should also be used responsibly. Both renewable and non-renewable resources require time to be created and processed. Therefore, it is very important for humans to use these resources in a limited quantity and leave some for future generations.

With time, humans are using these resources excessively. With the ever-increasing population, humans have already created a huge impact on the environment. To begin, humans are continuously polluting the air, water and noise. Buildings are being constructed on more land. The land is becoming less valuable in this way. Humans are soon becoming the biggest reason behind depleting natural resources, such as land, water, and air.

Therefore, we mustn’t undervalue these resources. The moment has come for us to recognise the importance of using these resources sustainably.

Natural Resources are substances which are naturally obtained from nature. Here are the 5 natural resources: Coal, Oil, Natural Gas, Sand, Gems, and Metals.

Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replenished or regenerated at a rate comparable to the rate at which they are consumed or harvested. For example: Solar energy, Wind energy, Biomass, Geothermal energy, etc.

Conserving and saving natural resources is essential for sustainable development and the preservation of the environment. Here are some easy tips to save natural resources: Implementing the 3Rs in daily life; Adopting energy-efficient practices such as using energy-saving appliances; Reducing water wastage by fixing leaks, using water-efficient appliances, and practising mindful water usage in daily activities, etc.

For more information on such interesting topics, visit our essay-writing page and follow Leverage Edu !

Malvika Chawla

Malvika is a content writer cum news freak who comes with a strong background in Journalism and has worked with renowned news websites such as News 9 and The Financial Express to name a few. When not writing, she can be found bringing life to the canvasses by painting on them.

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Natural resources of nepal.

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Essay on My Country Nepal | 700+ Words

Essay on My Country Nepal | Paragraph Writing 600+ Words

My country is the land of diversity and is very unique. My country Nepal lies in the Southern part of Asia. It is surrounded by two powerful countries India and China and is landlocked. It has an area of about 147,516 sq. kilometers. Although small, my country is diverse both in terms of geography and culture. It is like a beautiful garden with many people from different backgrounds. It is a country with a variety of castes and cultures.

Nepal’s flag is also the most unique to the world. Our country’s flag stands out among the rest due to its shape. The colors and symbols of our flag also represent the country’s peace-loving and friendly nature, bravery, and immortal history.

In my country Nepal, we can find places with altitudes ranging from as low as 70 meters to the highest peak in the world 8848 meters. It is divided into 3 regions Terai, Pahad, and Himal with the temperature of the place varying from hot to cold. Each region has its own specialty. Nepal’s Himalayan regions have high and mighty mountain ranges that are breathtaking to look at. Out of the world’s top 10 highest peaks, 8 of them fall in my country Nepal.

For You: Essay on Importance of English Language

The Hilly region is full of green hills and a very cool temperature to live in. It has many historical and religious places. Terai too is mostly a flat stretch of land with fertile soil. It is the granary of Nepal where most crops are grown. It is also an industrial region of our country.

The flora and fauna of my country are also very diverse. The difference in altitudes makes our country have various ecosystems. Foreigners from all over the world pay thousands of dollars just to see our country’s reach of flora and fauna, rivers, lakes, cliffs, waterfalls, snowcapped mountains, and many other beautiful landscapes. The natural beauty of my country Nepal is difficult to find in other places.

Our country also has sites of great religious and historical importance where thousands of pilgrims visit every year. Places like Pashupatinath, Muktinath, Lumbini, Swyambunath, etc are very popular. It is already a pride to have come from such a country.

Essay on My Country Nepal

Our country also ranks in the top 5 for water resources. For such a small country to have rich water resources it is a boon. If fully utilized we can provide electricity to other countries too. Important personalities like King Janak, Gautam Buddha, Arniko, Bhrikuti were also born in Nepal. They all carry historical and religious importance even up to date. Our country’s warriors and commanders are still known today for their bravery and courage. It is also the reason our country never has to celebrate independence day as we never were colonized.

Nepal is also blessed with people of different backgrounds and ethnicity. In the past, many people had migrated to Nepal and settled here and hence the diversity. My country Nepal is also secular and respects all religions equally despite the numbers. There are 126 castes in Nepal and behind them, every culture has its significance. Each culture has its unique festivals and traditions. People also celebrate each other’s festivals with great fun. Nepali people are known for their hospitality and friendliness too.

But even after nature blessing our country, we have not been able to fully utilize it. Problems such as corruption and political instability run deep in the country. Our natural resources are not being taken care of properly and our country is being poor day by day. People are rich but the country is poor. Poverty is also seen in our country. Lack of proper management of wastes has also polluted our water and slowly destroying our forests. This also means our plants and animals are slowly being extinct. Illegal hunting and farming of precious animals and plants are also ruining our ecosystem.

This is why to save our country from further danger and poverty proper management and a responsible leader are required. The citizens of our country should also feel responsible for the country and not only blame the leaders. Proper plans and policies should be required to protect our resources. Social evils such as discrimination should also be tackled. Conservative-minded people should be given awareness and strict punishments for corruption and other illegal acts should be given. Employment opportunities should also be created as many people are leaving the country for jobs abroad.

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Sunday, March 28, 2010

NATURAL RESOURCES IN NEPAL: Forest, Water, Soil and Minerals

Kaligandaki: 144MW
Marsyangdi: 75MW
Kulekhani I: 60MW
Bhote Koshi: 36MW
Khimti: 60MW
Kulekhani: 32MW
Copper: Buddha Khola (Bandipur), Gyari (Gorkha), Arghauli (Chisapani), Taplejung, Ilam, Baitadi, etc.
Iron: Ramechhap, Labdhi Khola, Pyuthan, Bhainse, Kulekhani, Bhutkhola, Phulchoki, Ghatkhola, etc.
Mica: Bhojpur, Chainpur, Lamjung, Dhankuta, Nuwakot, Sindhuligadhi, etc.
Limestone: Chovar (Kathmandu), Baise (Makawanpur), Udayapur.

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NATIONAL GLORY OF NEPAL
FAMOUS MARTYRS OF NEPAL
Major Religions
Life in the Terai Region
Life in the Hilly Region
Life in the Himalayan Region
NATURAL RESOURCES IN NEPAL: Forest, Water, Soil an...
REGION OF NEPAL
Environment Education
Environment
Population Education
LAKES OF NEPAL
Agriculture in Nepal
THE RIVERS OF NEPAL
THE MAHENDRA RAJMARG
ELECTRICITY
SOCIAL SERVICE
Wild Animals in Nepal
Human Rights in Nepal
Some Important International Festivals
Some Important Festivals
The famous Festival of Nepal
Social Harmony in Nepal
A Famous Religious Place in Nepal
Tourism place of Nepal
THE HIMALAYAS
THE SEASONS
Municipalities by Districts, Zones and Development...
Location of district in the Zone
Districts, Zone and Development Regions of Nepal
Honorable National Things of the Nepal
NEPAL: SIZE,EXTENT AND BOUNDARIES
Introduction

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Wednesday, March 19, 2014

Essay on The Forest of Nepal.

Nepal is rich in natural beauties, gifts, resources and wonders. The forest is one of these resources. Nepal is also a mountainous country. Most of the mountains are covered with green forests. It is the living place of animals and birds. Nowadays, it is fast being destroyed but it was completely safe in the past. People clear the forest for various purposes. One of the most important causes of its destruction is rapid population growth. The growing population is compelled to clear the jungle for agriculture and settlement. People cut down the trees for firewood, building materials and furniture. The cattle glaziers take their domestic animals to the jungle to graze. These domestic animals eat up the newly growing plants. By the result, the new plants cannot grow up easily. The silly people set a fire in the jungle. By the result, the wild fire destroys the whole jungle very badly. The main cause of its destruction is poor public awareness. The people who are not aptly conscious and responsible cannot understand the importance and necessity of the forests. Forest destruction invites many disasters. Some to them are drought, landslides, soil erosion, over floods, salutation of rivers and lakes, weather extremes, pollution, green-house effect, ozone layer depletion and desertification. The natural disasters as such are extremely destructive for all the living creatures. If the process of destruction of the forest is not controlled, the future will be extremely risky. We can get many advantages from the jungle. We can preserve wild animals in the jungle. We can get firewood, timber, herbs, grass, etc, from the jungle. It helps us to purify the atmosphere and to reduce the gravity of air pollution. Underground water resources can be saved in the forest. It also helps us to balance eco-system. The problems of drought, weather extremes, landslides, etc. can be alleviated or stopped by the help of the forest. Similarly, the forest of our country attracts many tourists. We can earn foreign currency from them. The natural beauty cannot be preserved without the preservation of the forest. Preservation of the forest proves to be crucial. In order to control the natural disasters, we have to preserve the jungle. We can preserve the forest in many ways. Firstly, we have to educate the people about the importance of the forest. By means of a forestation and reforestation, we can preserve it. The people who clear the jungle for agriculture and settlement should be discouraged to go to the jungle. By establishing many wild life reserves and national parks, we can preserve our forest. Selling of firewood and timber must be banned to preserve it . Our forest should be preserved at any cost. The government as well s private sectors are expected to make and apply concrete plans to preserve it. It is said that preservation of the forests is our own preservation.

35 comments:

good thought

its is really good essay bcz many people of india and nepal they cut trees and sell trees to fullfill their livehood

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This is called the essay

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Wow awesome.Essay should be like this.great

You are right forest gives us many things we should learn to plant a tree before cutting one

please another essay for 'visits Nepal 2020'

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As the different views of people,they like the most which they clearly know and their views show

god thoughts about preserving foresrt. it is good for all the living beings.

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nice essay🤝💗

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essay on environmental pollution in 250 words-Nepal-2022

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Environment simply refers to ours surrounding. All the natural and man-made things that we see are the elements of the environment. Pollution means decline of the original qualities of the elements of the environment like air, water, land, etc. Our environment determines our health and civilization.

Environmental pollution is one of the greatest threats of the world today. All living being birds, animals, insects, plants and even human beings are victims of pollution. No part of the world now is unaffected by the problem of pollution these days.

Pollution is of different types. They are air pollution, water pollution and land pollution. Pollution causes various kinds of harms. Polluted air causes lung diseases, pain ad asthma. Similarly, when we drink polluted water become ill with diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice, etc. Loud noise harms our ear. However, the greatest harm is the depletion of the ozone layer. It causes increase in temperature in the earth, acid rain and drought.

The main reason of pollution is industrialization and population increase. These two bring about environmental change. Many factories have been established to produce goods. These factories and vehicles like bus, truck, car, motorcycle emit huge quantities of smoke into the atmosphere. Similarly, over population causes deforestation. So the ecological balance of nature is disturbed.

Environmental problem has been a major problem in the cities of Nepal. The industries are located in the cities like Kathmandu, Pokhara, Biratnagar and Chitwan. Population density is also high there. We do not have good system for the disposal of garbage. We link our drainage to the nearby rivers. So the people in these places suffer from different communicable diseases.

It is the duty of the government and citizens to take the initiative to make the world a better place. Awareness in people is essential. If human beings as well as other organisms are to survive, the environment must be kept neat and clean.

AIR POLLUTION

For the well-being of living beings, fresh air is the most important element . Air pollution is the undesirable change in the physical or biotic elements of the environment which may cause adverse effects to the biotic community . Pollutants can be divided into two categories on the basis of their production. They are:

i. PRIMARY POLLUTANTS:

They can be defined as the pollutants which are directly emitted to the environment from the source. For example: nitrogen derivatives, oxides, halogens, etc.

ii. SECONDARY POLLUTANTS:

They can be defined as the pollutants which are not directly emitted but are formed when primary pollutants chemical react in the atmosphere. For example: ozone, formaldehyde, acetyl nitrate, etc.

Dust particles which are emitted from industries and factories, pollutants from burning coal and improper management of waste products, smoke emitted from vehicles, etc. are the major causes of air pollution.

SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION

A) natural resources:.

These sources of air pollution are directly related to the activities of the nature. Examples: volcano eruption, forest fire, dust storms, etc.

b) ARTIFICIAL RESOURCES:

The sources of air pollution which are not naturally made but caused due to human activities are called artificial sources. Examples: CO, CO 2 , NO, NO 2 , SO 2 , Cl 2 , NH 3 , etc. gases produced by burning fuel, industrialization, over population, deforestation, automobile, nuclear explosions, etc.

EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION

Air pollution may cause various short and long term effects in the elements of the environment and human health. The effects caused due to air pollution are:

a. REDUCTION IN VISIBILTY:

When various gases and dust particles mix in the atmosphere, it makes the sky blurry which is often termed as haze. This is the reason why people living in city areas cannot enjoy the clear sky. Due to fog and smog, people cannot see nearby objects clearly which makes it much risky to drive vehicles and fly airplanes due to reduced visibility.

b. REDUCTION IN SOLAR RADIATION:

The areas where air pollution is high, solar radiation is absorbed by dust particles and moved to various place. Due to this, the amount of solar radiation required to reach the surface cannot get there and there will be the reduction of solar radiation. On the other hand, the temperature of other areas increases drastically which is harmful to living beings.

c. GREEN HOUSE EFFECT:

Various greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, ozone, Sulphur dioxide, etc. formed due to air pollution act like a blanket in the atmosphere, which traps the radiation and it does not let the heat escape to outer space. This causes rapid increase in the temperature of the earth. This is known as greenhouse effect.

d. INHIBITION IN BIOLOGICAL GROWTH OF PLANTS:

Sunlight is very important for plants to prepare food through photosynthesis. But increasing air pollution causes reduction in solar radiation due to which plants do not get enough light for their proper growth and development. This causes inhibition in biological growth of plants.

e. ADVERSE EFFECT ON HUMAN HEALTH:

Air pollution has contributed directly to the deteriorating health condition oh humans. Gases like carbon monoxide causes headache, nausea, difficulty in breathing, etc. Nitrogen oxide causes stinging of the eyes, coughing, headache, dry throat, congestion, etc. It may also cause insomnia, laziness, etc.

f. DEPLETION OF OZONE LAYER:

The chemicals causing ozone layer depletion are mainly chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methyl chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, methyl bromide, etc. which are emitted due to air pollution. These compounds decompose in the atmosphere and form nascent hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, etc. which deplete the ozone layer.

g. ACID RAIN:

The process of deposition of acid gases like Sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, etc. from the atmosphere on land in the form of rain is called Acid rain. In the atmosphere these oxides are unable to remain in the gaseous state and hence they react with moisture to form acids which fall into the earth as acid rain. Buildings, mountains, statues, bridges, etc. are corroded by acid rains.

h. DESTRUCTION OF HISTORICAL MONUMENTS:

Over a long period of time, air pollution can damage various monuments and buildings of historical importance permanently lowering their esteem. We can take the example of Taj mahal in India which is being damged due to excessive pollution.

i. CHANGE IN CLIMATE:

Air pollution causes dust as well as gases to collect in the atmosphere which increases the temperature in some places and decreases the temperature in other places. Due to this, ice melts and it may cause floods in some regions and drought in others.

MEASURES TO CONTROL AIR POLLUTION

In order to prevent any further air pollution, the following measures can be implemented:

1. The emission of air pollutants from industries should be controlled by using electrostatic precipitators of filter.

2. The industrial areas should be constructed far from human settlements.

3. Over population should be controlled.

4. Some cheap fuels with higher Sulphur content should be banned and the use of disuphurized coal should be encouraged.

5. Roadside plantation of trees should be done along the side of the roads which help to minimize the content of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.

6. Alternate sources of energy such as solar energy, wind energy, etc. should be used instead of petroleum products.

7. Various awareness programmes about the effects of air pollution should be conducted.

WATER POLLUTION

Water in its purest form is colorless and odourless. But due to various human as well as natural activities, many pollutants enter the sources of water and make them polluted. This causes the water to be unsafe for daily usage. Water pollution can be defined as any undesirable changes in physical and biotic element of water. It degrades the quality of water which may cause serious health hazards.

Sources of water pollution.

Although water pollution is caused by both humans and natural activities, mostly humans are only responsible for this problem. Natural causes may be mixing of dust in sources of water, production of bacteria and harmful germs in water. Thus, the causes of water pollution can be summarized below:

a) Sewage water:

The liquid waste discharged from industrial as well as domestic Sources is called sewage. This sewage without any treatment is directly discharged into sources of water like rivers, lakes, etc. This activity has resulted in spread of water borne diseases as well as the depletion of aquatic life.

b) Contaminated from industries:

Along with the production of various useful products from industries, they also produce various chemical, papers and radioactive substances which are directly discharged into the sources of water without any treatment. Thus, the water will neither be capable of holding aquatic life nor will it be fit for human consumption.

c) Agricultural wastes:

Farmers use various poisonous chemicals like DDT, BHC, Aldrin, etc. to kill pests and insects and increase the crop yield. But, sometimes farmers use these fertilizers in excessive amount due to lack of knowledge about their use. During the rainy season or due to human causes, such harmful chemicals mix with sources of water and kill all the aquatic lives in the water. It may also cause harm to humans as well.

d) Obstruction in flow of water:

If there is any sort of obstruction in the flow of water, it may cause all the pollutants to get collected in the source of water. This may cause the water to get more polluted which can be a reason for the end of the aquatic life .

e) Oily pollution:

Oil is an important fuel. But it is one of the major causes of water pollution. Through various means such as leakage in oil tanks, spilling and washing vehicles, etc. oil reaches the water surface and it decreases the oxygenation in water which kills the aquatic life.

f) Radioactive substances:

Radioactive substances released from mines through various means mix with sources of water. Due to this, it may be Lethal to plants and animals including humans.

Measures to control water pollution

Water pollution can be minimized by the following activities:

1. Wastes ejected from homes and factories must be recycled by implementing recycling facilities.

2. Dead bodies of living beings must be properly disposed either by burning or burying.

3. The surrounding environment of sources of water must be kept clean by planting trees and preserving them.

4. The use of compost manure should be encouraged during cultivation rather than using pesticides, insecticides and other harmful fertilizers.

5. Proper drainage system must be built for efficient collection and treatment of wastes.

6. Various legal measures must be implemented for the protection of rivers and use of safe water .

SOIL POLLUTION

Soil is a vital part for living beings because it provides a habitat to animals, plants, insects, human and basically every living being in the world. Soil provides necessary moisture as well as minerals to support plants life. Plants prevent erosion and many natural disasters. Many insects and microbes live in soil. Therefore, soil is an important element for insects, plants, animals and humans.

The degradation of soil due to the presence of various unwanted chemicals altering the natural state of the soil is called soil pollution . It is harmful to plants as well as any other forms of life. Uneducated farmers use insecticides, pesticides and various fertilizers in excess amount which not only degrades the quality of soil such as soil texture, water holding capacity, porosity, etc. but also minimizes crop yield. This also kills various useful animals living inside the soil. Soil pollution is mostly found in urban and industrialized areas. If land is polluted, to neither plants can develop properly nor is it suitable for animals.

Sources of soil pollution

Land gets polluted because of various reasons. There are various sources of land pollution such as domestic wastes, use of harmful chemicals, industrial wastes, use of fertilizers, acid rain, etc. The wastes emitted from sources are the main pollution of soil. The major reasons for the pollution of land are as follows:

a) Domestic wastes

Many products, both edible and non- edible, are used in our daily life. Domestic wastes include waste products such as dust, excreta, broken utensils, plastic, contaminated food etc. When these wastes come in contact with land, it may produce many harmful microbes which also supports in the formation of various diseases. If lots of wastes get deposited in a certain place, it may act as a breeding place for various bacteria. Land pollution may also decrease the fertility of soil.

b) Excessive use of pesticides

Farmer's main job is to cultivate various crops. However, sometimes various insects and pests attack their crops. In order to protect the crops from any damage, many chemical compounds are used. These chemicals protect the crops from harmful insects. But they also pollute the soil. Due to this reason, insecticides, fungicides, weedicides, etc. are considered as pollutants. The most dangerous substances that cause harm to the soil are DDT, dialdrin, Aldrin, parathion, etc.

c) Industrial waste

Many useful objects are manufactured by industries. However, some other objects which cause pollution are also emitted. The substances which are thrown from factories include chemicals, metals, nonmetals, waste products, living wastes, etc. which cause harm to the natural quality of the soil which pollutes it and degrades the crop yield. It may also adversely harm the living animals in the polluted soil.

d) Use of chemical fertilizers

Many fertilizers are used to increase the productivity and fertility of the soil. If it is used in proper amount, it may increase the crop yield. However, excessive use of these fertilizers is the major cause of soil pollution. Fertilizers contain various elements such as Arsenic (As), Barium (Ba), Calcium (Ca), Cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb) etc. These elements are responsible for killing various useful living organisms in the soil and also causing imbalance in the nutrients of the soil.

e) Municipal Wastes

Municipalities are the major sources of waste products. These waste products most often do not get disposed in the right area due to which the soil gets contaminated. These waters are both organic and inorganic and are responsible for the depletion of fertility of the soil.

f) Acid rain

Basically, the presence of any sorts of acid in rain is regarded as acid rain. The major compounds causing acid rain are sulphuric acid (H2S04), nitric acid (HN03), hydrochloric acid (HCI), Carbonic acid (H2C03).

MEASURES TO CONTROL SOIL POLLUTION

1. The use of harmful chemical fertilizers must be replaced by compost mature in order to maximize the crop yield.

2. The use of pesticides and insecticides must be minimized and other methods of controlling pests which do not contaminate the soil must be used.

3. Proper disposal of domestic wastes should be established.

4. The irrigation of fields using polluted water must be discouraged.

5. The radioactive substances emitted from factories and laboratories must be appropriately disposed.

6. Proper drainage system must be built for the disposal human excreta.

7. Afforestation must be done in order to prevent the soil erosion from natural disasters such as floods, landslides, etc.

8. The use of materials that do not decay over a certain period of time must be minimized.

9. Farmers must be trained and educated through various programmes on proper use of fertilizers.

10. Awareness programmes must be conducted to aware the people about the harmful effects of soil pollution.

11. Soil conservation methods should be implemented to preserve the soil.

Chemical Pollution

Environmental deterioration due to unscientific and improper use of chemical substances is called chemical pollution. Our environment is getting increasingly unhygienic and polluted day by day because of this chemical pollution. In general, chemical pollution is excessive in the areas with high population density.

Some causes of chemical pollution are as follows:

1. Chemical fertilizers:

Chemical fertilizers and insecticides used by the farmers constitute the major part of chemical pollution. The chemicals contained in fertilizers get dissolved in water and reach rivers, streams and ponds. This process supports the excessive growth of algae and other immaterial grasses. This obviously results in over-exploitation of oxygen in the water when they decay after their death. It brings a gradual reduction in the number of organisms in the water as they have to undergo oxygen deficiency.

2. Insecticides:

The use of insecticides has a negative impact on useful plants and organisms as well. DDT, BHC, methoxychloride, etc. are commonly used insecticides which kill many useful insects and hamper the growth of some plants. This chemical is stored in plants and animals and harms them causing chronic and infectious diseases. Many animals who feed on dead animals (death is caused by insecticides) are badly affected by insecticides.

Dieldrine, aldrin, cobalt, lead, mercury, etc. directly pollute our environment. The use of lead containing petrol is seriously injurious to our health. Scientists are making efforts to produce lead free petrol. The industries established on the bank of rivers, seas and oceans excrete a great amount of mercury that affects fish and other aquatic animals the sea. Many people were killed because of eating the fish containing profuse level of mercury in 1950 in Japan.

3. Refuses and waste materials :

Dirt and waste materials are the main causes of environmental pollution. The rapid degradation of our environment is probably owing to improper disposal of dirt and garbage being increasingly collected day to day. The noxious substances in the dirt spread out in the air and water causing rise in atmospheric pollution.

4. Plastic:

Plastic is used to make utensils, bags, pipes and many other things. The things made by plastic are not decomposed; it ultimately creates an alarming problem in the environment. This gives off poisonous gas on being burnt. Hence, it is really essential to develop the recycling process of waste plastic in order to save the environment from being polluted.

3. Smoke from the means of transport and industries :

Greenhouse effect is on the rise due to the increasing quantity of carbon dioxide in the air. it has resulted in global temperature increment and dreadful droughts. high temperature accelerates the melting of snow in the polar regions causing the sea surface to rise higher. the lands along the edge of the sea will then come under water. dust and smoke cause chronic lung diseases in animals. moreover, dense smoke has a negative effect on the environment. it causes lung diseases., 4. colours used in foodstuffs :.

Many people prefer to use different colours in foodstuffs and drinks like tea, coffee, chocolate, etc. to make them attractive to look. This kind of use of colours in food is ruinous to our health. It increases the possibility of death by causing diseases like cancer.

5. Synthetic clingers:

control measures of chemical pollution.

l. Rules and regulations are to be made to establish industries, factories and other thermal plants far from residential areas.

2. Farmers are suggested for the use of organic fertilizers rather than chemical fertilizers.

3. Trainings should be given to farmers for the wise and proper use of chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides.

4. The waste water, dyes and other liquids released from industrial areas must be purified before mixing them into water bodies.

5. Noxious smokes from industries should not be allowed spread in the air.

6.People must be conscious of the results of using harmful substances in food.

7.Unnecessary use of fertilizers and insecticides should not be done.

8. Vehicles and industries should be kept in proper conditions.

Pollution control is basically integral to maintain natural balance. Today it is a bounded duty of all of us to protect our environment from being deteriorated. Scientists have been engaged in finding out easier methods of environmental preservation.

Management of bio-degradable and non-biodegradable wastes

Solid waste is considered as any sort of bio-degradable and non-biodegradable garbage such as food wastes, construction debris, plastic, clothes etc . Primarily, the amount of solid waste is increasing day by day in urban areas in an alarming rate. The increase in the amount of domestic as well as industrial wastes due to over population causes environmental imbalance.

The unwanted or unusable wastes from industrial, commercial, agricultural operations and even from community activities are called solid wastes. Some kinds of wastes around us are garbage refuse, plastic, broken metals, glass pieces, clothes, rocks, green wastes, paper, etc. On the basis of the characteristics, solid wastes can be classified into biodegradable and non-biodegradable solid wastes.

Biodegradable wastes

The wastes which consist of organic matter and can be decomposed into their simpler components such as carbon dioxide, water, methane and other organic molecules by micro-organisms in a short time period are called biodegradable wastes. Kitchen wastes, dead animals, clothes, paper, human wastes, manures, etc. are the biodegradable wastes.

Non-biodegradable wastes

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Essay on My Country Nepal For Students

If there is a country’s flag that stands out among all other countries it is the flag of Nepal . Our flag is very unique and cannot be compared to other countries’ flags due to its shape. It also has a hidden meaning behind it which represents the country’s peace-loving and friendly nature, bravery, and immortal history.

My country Nepal is situated between two countries, India and China. Although it is sandwiched between international powers, conflicts have not happened between any, and peace remains. Nepal is a country of various castes and cultures. In other words, it is like a beautiful garden of flowers with people of different ethnicities and backgrounds.

My country Nepal is not only unique for its flag but also its geographical terrain, the variety of castes and cultures you can find, and the rich history of it. It is the land of various great places and important figures that people know far and wide. The temperature here spans from cool to hot and is a heaven for residing in.

There are about 126 castes in Nepal each with its own rich history and culture which makes Nepal a rich place for culture. Some dating back to the millenniums. Not only that, our country is very rich in its geographical terrain. From the lowest point of just 70 Meters from sea level to the world’s highest peak Mt. Everest (8848.86 meters) , we have temperature scales that vary from place to place. It is divided into three regions, Terai, Hilly, and Himalayas each according to their altitude and geographical differences.

Himalayan regions have high and mighty Himalayas that are breathtaking to look at. Out of the world’s top 10 highest peaks, 8 of them fall in my country. It is already a great pride to have come from such a country. The diverse flora and fauna, beautiful landscapes, lush and green jungles, historical and religious places in Nepal are enough to gather the attention of foreigners and locals too. People from all over the world pay thousands of dollars just to see our country’s snow-capped mountains, rivers, cliffs, waterfalls, other beautiful landscapes, the rich flora and fauna, and sites of great religious and historical importance. It just doesn’t end there.

📌 Read – Essay on the Importance of English Language

Our country ranks in the top 5 for the richest in water resources. With just a small country with an area of 1,47,181 sq kilometers, it has the potential to fuel hydropower worth 2% of the entire world. It may look small in number but taking our country’s small area in context, it is a potential incomparable to all. The Terai region holds fertile land and smooth flowing waters that are excellent for farming and cultivating.

Nepal is also known as an agricultural country where 60% of the people here follow agriculture as their work. Our country also has huge historical importance. Gautama Buddha the founder and preacher of Buddhism which is practiced worldwide was also born in Nepal. Buddhism is known to preach peace and non-violence and to love everyone. King Janak is also an important figure who holds great importance to communities in Nepal.

Other personalities include Bhrikuti, Araniko, etc. Our country is also known for its bravery. Our country never has to celebrate Independence day as we were never under the rule of any other. We stood and fought against the Britans and other Mongol countries. Brave Gorkhalis were united after a long struggle and fought their way to preserve their country. The courage and bravery of Nepali people are also know world wide. Many brave Gorkhalis went to fight under countries in world wars and won various colors and medals. This brought our country so much respect that we even enjoy it for granted to date.

Although our country’s history, culture, terrains, and achievements make anyone feel proud, the power struggle for the politicians, previous kings, and presidents have made the country weak and fall in the developing country category. Our rich natural resources have not been utilized and we have fallen way behind. Corruption is widely prevalent in our country and the loans we have taken from other countries are in a large number. The amount of food and other materialistic consumption has made Nepal import more and export less.

Our country is poor but the people here are rich. This is because of the corruption and the illegal working/trading that has been done. The government has not made significant progress and the people aren’t responsible. Although I feel proud to be A Nepali, the condition of my country makes me feel bad. People should feel responsible and carry out their duties and not just complain about the government.

The government too should implement proper policies and rules and enforce them accordingly. Utilization of our natural resources should be done in an effective way and social evils such as discrimination according to castes and genders, other superstitions should be slowly removed. Centralized development should stop and we should control the people moving out to other countries with their skills that are wasted abroad. This way we can slowly develop our country.

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28 thoughts on “ essay on my country nepal for students ”.

Thank you so much sir for helpful essay.

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It’s my humble request to you.that plz write an essay on my country,my paradise.🙏

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write an essay on natural resources of nepal

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Natural Resources of Nepal: Key to Development

Water Resources:

Importance of water resources:

Development of transportation and communication

Tourism development

Basis of good health

Employment opportunity

Uses of water resources:

Drinking water

Forest Resource:

Importance of Forest Resources:

Source of raw material

Sources of foreign currency

Sources of water

Maintain environmental and ecological balance

Mineral Resource:

Importance of mineral resources:

Development of new industries

Source of foreign currency

Supply of construction material

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