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Quaid-e-azam's Vision and Legacy in Shaping Pakistan

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Published: Dec 28, 2023

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The visionary leader, the strategies for founding pakistan, legacy and ongoing debates, quaid-e-azam's enduring influence.

• Advocate for Muslim rights: Jinnah emerged as a leader during the early 20th century when he championed the rights of Muslims in British India. He believed that Muslims should have political representation and safeguards to protect their cultural and religious identity.
• Two-Nation Theory: Jinnah's most significant contribution to the Pakistan movement was the articulation of the Two-Nation Theory. He argued that Hindus and Muslims were distinct nations with separate customs, traditions, and political interests, justifying the need for a separate Muslim state.
• Leader of the All-India Muslim League: Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League, leading the party in its negotiations with the British and the Indian National Congress for the creation of Pakistan.
• Partition Plan: Jinnah's negotiations with the British and the Indian National Congress resulted in the Mountbatten Plan, which proposed the partition of British India into two independent states, India and Pakistan, on August 14, 1947.
• Advocacy for Muslim rights: Throughout his political career, Jinnah consistently advocated for Muslim political representation and religious freedom. He firmly believed that without these safeguards, Muslims would remain marginalized in a united India.
• Leadership and unity: Jinnah's leadership was marked by his ability to unite Muslims from diverse backgrounds and regions under a common goal. His unwavering commitment to the cause of Pakistan inspired millions and galvanized support for the new nation.
• Secular vs. Islamic state: One of the most significant debates surrounding Jinnah's legacy revolves around the nature of the state he envisioned for Pakistan. While Jinnah advocated for religious freedom and equal rights for all citizens, some argue that he envisioned a secular state, while others emphasize the Islamic character of Pakistan.
• Minority rights: Jinnah's commitment to minority rights is also a contentious issue. Some argue that he advocated for the protection of the rights of religious minorities, while others point to instances of religious discrimination and intolerance in Pakistan's history.
• Nation-building challenges: Pakistan faces numerous challenges in nation-building, including ethnic and sectarian tensions, political instability, and economic disparities. Debates continue over how effectively Jinnah's vision has been realized in addressing these issues.
• Democracy and governance: Jinnah's commitment to democratic principles laid the foundation for Pakistan's parliamentary system. His insistence on representative government and the rule of law remains central to Pakistan's political structure.
• Religious freedom: Jinnah's advocacy for religious freedom is enshrined in Pakistan's Constitution, which guarantees the rights of religious minorities. However, challenges persist in ensuring the full protection of these rights.
• International relations: Jinnah's diplomatic skills and vision for an independent Pakistan continue to influence the nation's foreign policy. Pakistan maintains diplomatic relations with countries around the world, reflecting Jinnah's commitment to international engagement.

Works Cited

• Wolpert, Stanley. “Jinnah of Pakistan.” Oxford University Press, 2005.
• Jalal, Ayesha. “The Sole Spokesman: Jinnah, the Muslim League, and the Demand for Pakistan.” Cambridge University Press, 1994.
• Ahmed, Akbar S. “Jinnah, Pakistan and Islamic Identity: The Search for Saladin.” Routledge, 1997.
• Malik, Iftikhar H. “Pakistan: Democracy, Development, and Security Issues.” Routledge, 2016.
• Khan, Yasmin. “The Great Partition: The Making of India and Pakistan.” Yale University Press, 2007.

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Essay on Pakistan: A Brief History and Overview

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“There is no power on earth that can undo Pakistan.” (Quaid e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah)

Introduction

Pakistan got its independence on 14 th August 1947. The country’s main purpose was to live life freely as Muslims. Pakistan is located in the south of Asia. It is in the south of the Arabian Sea. It has 4 neighboring countries. Pakistan is in 33 rd rank among other countries based on area.

It is also known to be the third largest country in Asia based on land area. Pakistan’s border in the east is with India, which has a border of 3,323 kilometers; Pakistan’s border with Afghanistan is in the northwest it has a border of 2,640 kilometers; Pakistan’s border with Iran is in the west it has a border of 909 kilometers whereas Pakistan border with China is 523 kilometers long and is located in the northeast.

Pakistan Army is ranked as the 6 th strongest army among the 145 countries. Pakistan has the world’s second-highest mountain K2, with the third highest, Tirch Mir, and the three highest mountain ranges, i.e., Hindukush, Karakoram & Himalayas. Pakistan also has the world’s deepest sea port in Gwadar. Pakistan’s Edhi Foundation is the world’s largest ambulance service provider.

Sialkot (a city in Pakistan) produces half of the world’s balls, which resulted in Pakistan becoming the world’s largest hand-sewed football; these footballs are also used in FIFA World Cups. Tarbela Dam is the world’s largest earth-filled dam. Pakistan is the only Muslim country that has nuclear power. 

The world’s fourth-largest irrigation system is also in Pakistan. Out of 100% population, 96.2 percent of Muslims in Pakistan, 1.6% Hindus, Christians 1.59%, etc. Cholistan, Thar, and Thal are some of the famous desserts in Pakistan. 

Before writing essay on Pakistan , lets disucss its history first. Muslims of the subcontinent were not given the proper rights and were harassed for living according to the Islamic way. Pakistan was a dream for Allama Muhammad Iqbal that came true after many sacrifices and struggles of many Muslims.

The major effort and struggle was of Quid e Azam M.A. Jinnah. This effort to get a separate country started when Muslims started facing persecution. The idea of two nation theory was presented that Muslims and Hindus are different nations that can’t live together peacefully.

Quaid e Azam succeeded on 14 Aug 1947 when a new country known as Pakistan was formed. Initially, Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan, but due to the 1971 civil war and political problems, East Pakistan (Bangladesh) proclaimed its independence.

When Pakistan got its independence, it faced several problems, such as unfair boundary distribution, economic problems, the Kashmir dispute, electricity problems, division of financial assets, etc. Karachi was chosen as the capital of Pakistan Quaid e Azam was the first governor-general, and Liaquat Ali Khan was the prime minister. 

Pakistan is one of the lucky countries. It has all four seasons due to the location. Winter is from December to February, spring is from March to May, Summer is from June to September, and retiring monsoon or autumn is from October to November. This season and their time can differ according to the location, as Pakistan has all plains, plateaus, mountains, or hilly areas.

Pakistan has several rivers; the longest is Indus; other rivers are Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Kabul. The amazing thing is that the coastal areas are normally dry and hot, whereas the lowland plains are cooler than coastal areas, and the uplands or Himalayas are much cooler than the plain; this means at the same time, all seasons can be seen in Pakistan. 

Region & Demography

Pakistan has a total area of 796,095 square kilometers. Pakistan has a total population of 207.68 million. The capital of Pakistan is Islamabad. Pakistan has 4 provinces, i.e., Punjab, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Sindh. Punjab was given to this province because of Punj (five) and Aab (Water), i.e., land of river. The population of Punjab is 110 million, Balochistan is 12.34 million, Sindh is 47.89 million, and KPK is 35.53 million.

The area of Punjab is a total of 50,362 square kilometers. The area of Balochistan is 347,190 square kilometers. The area of Sindh is 140,914 square kilometers. The area of KPK is 101,741 square kilometers. There are 170 districts in Pakistan. These districts are further divided into tehsil and union councils.

These districts include all the districts in provinces, Azad Kashmir, the capital territory, and Gilgit Baltistan. Pakistan is considered a young nation as the average age is 23.4, and the 104 million population is the age bracket of 25 to 30. 

Language & Culture

The national language of Pakistan is Urdu. More than 60 languages are spoken in different areas of Pakistan. The common language in Punjab is Punjabi, whereas in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the language spoken is Pashto, and in Sindh and Balochistan, Sindhi and Balochi, respectively. Hindko, Saraiki, Kashmiri, Gujarati, and other languages are spoken in Pakistan.

The culture of Pakistan is based on Islam, and the main reason for having Pakistan as a separate country is to establish the culture of Islam freely. Several festivals and events are important in Pakistan, such as Eid ul Fitr, Eid ul Adha, Ramadan, etc.

Other minorities can also easily celebrate their festivals, such as Christmas, Easter, Holi, Diwali, etc. Let’s talk about different people in provinces.

Punjab : People in Punjab are mostly warm-hearted and loving. Several tribes, clans, or castes have different cultures and traditions. Their culture and dresses are very bright and mix of colors.  

Balochistan : This province is considered to be barren lands and deserts and mountains, but this culture has a culture that is full of traditions, art, and craft, as well as embroidery females mostly do these things. These people are known for their festivals and tribes.  

Sindh : These people mostly have agricultural lifestyles. These people practice farming and fishing. These people are dominated by Sufis music. 

KPK : The people of KPK are mostly Pathans; they are the most hardworking people and always like to know more about their race; they are obsessed with the race. 

Economy is one of the important thing to discuss in this essay on Pakistan. The major sources of livelihood are agriculture, forestry as well as fishing. Pakistan is ranked in 43 of the major economies. Inflation will be approximately 19.87% in 2022. Around one-half of the laborers are doing these activities.

Several crops are the basis of a good economy, such as cotton, tobacco, pulses, chickpeas, sugarcane, wheat, rice, etc. Pakistan doesn’t have many minerals and energy resources. One-eighth of the labor is engaged in the manufacturing of products. The main imports of the nation are petroleum products, machinery, chemicals, fertilizers, etc., whereas the major exports are cotton, ready-made garments, dried fish, rice, leather goods, etc. 

Pakistan is one of the countries with great potential for providing education. Education is one of the most important factors in Pakistan. Although education is not up to the mark, many improvements are still being made, and many schools, colleges, and universities are being established.

HEC (Higher Education Commission) is the biggest institute in Pakistan responsible for overseeing, regulating, and accrediting the higher education efforts in Pakistan. The level of education depends on the financial resources and the commitment level of the government; in Pakistan, the resources are limited, and that’s why there are fewer teachers and education-providing facilities. There are a total of 218 universities in Pakistan. 

National Symbols 

The national symbols of Pakistan are

• Markhor (National Animal)
• Chukar (National Bird) 
• Deodar (National Tree)
• Jasmine (National Flower) 
• Allama Muhammad Iqbal (National Poet)
• Quaid e Azam (National Hero) 
• Shalwar Qameez (National Dress)
• Hockey (National Sports) 
• Indus River (National River)
• Okra (National Vegetable)
• Dolphin (National Aquatic Animal)
• Mango (National Fruit)

To conclude essay on Pakistan I would say that Pakistan has faced several challenges since its independence. But on the other hand, Pakistan is rich in culture and has a young population. This population can help Pakistan to become more economically stable and help Pakistan to prosper. This country had been faced several challenges, such as poverty, terrorism, and political instability, and done major improvements in many scenarios.

Pakistan’s strength is its location and size; this country also benefits from foreign aid and receives donations from IMF, World Bank, and the USA, which means that Pakistan has some good international relations. The major weakness of Pakistan is that people lack knowledge in different fields to become a more modernized society. Pakistan also lacks an efficient education system.

There is improper governance, a lack of an efficient education system, and health care problems that can lead to future difficulties for Pakistan . As Pakistan has faced many challenges in history, it can also face any other challenge with faith and strength. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) 

• How many times has martial law been applied in Pakistan? 

In total 4 martial laws have been applied 

First: 7th October 1958 (Iskandar Mirza)

Second: 25th March 1969 (Yahya Khan)

Third: 25th July 1997 (Zia ul Haq)

Fourth: 12th October 1999 (Pervaiz Musharraf) 

• Who was the first president of Pakistan?

The first president was Major General Iskandar Mirza; he was elected on 5th March 1956. 

• Who was the first Chief of Army Staff in Pakistan?

The first COAS of Pakistan was Lt. General Tikka Khan, appointed on 20th March 1972. 

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Jinnah and the Making of Pakistan

The ability of Jinnah to unite a series of political expediencies with the popular appeal of Islam to demand a separate state for the Muslim people, has brought him the accolade 'the founder of Pakistan'. 

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Empire and islam: punjab and the making of pakistan.

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THE INDUS SAGA AND THE MAKING OF PAKISTAN Author : Aitzaz Ahsan Distributed in September 2008

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The Ideological Struggle for Pakistan

This assessment of the struggle for Pakistan’s identity, from its birth in 1947 to the present day, provides a political and cultural understanding of the role and use of Islam in its evolution. The author, a Pakistani scholar, shows how Pakistan’s viability as a state depends in large part on its ability to develop a new and progressive Islamic narrative.

Since its inception in 1947, the idea of Pakistan has been a contested one. Today, Pakistan faces a militant Islamist threat that its elected government is trying to combat in fractious collaboration with the army. As the country finds itself on the defensive against an array of groups claiming to wave the banner of Islam, it must counter their ideology decisively. This assessment of the struggle for Pakistan's identity, from its birth to the present day, provides a political and cultural understanding of the role and use of Islam in Pakistan's evolution. Author Ziad Haider, a Pakistani scholar, shows clearly how Pakistan's viability as a state depends in large part on its ability to develop a new and progressive Islamic narrative. He identifies the key questions: How can religion in Pakistan be channeled as a force for progressive change, and what form should an enabling narrative of Islam in Pakistan assume? As the United States becomes more involved in Afghanistan and Pakistan, we shall need deeper understanding of both countries. This portrait of Pakistan is a valuable contribution to that endeavor.

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The Making of Pakistan: A Study in Nationalism

223 pages, Hardcover

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What Role Liaqat Ali Khan Played in Making of Pakistan

• March 16, 2023

Liaquat Ali Khan played a significant role in the making of Pakistan. He was a close associate of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, and served as his right-hand man in the movement for the creation of Pakistan.

As the first Prime Minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan worked tirelessly to establish the countrys political and economic stability. He played a key role in drafting the country’s constitution, which provided a framework for a democratic and pluralistic society.

Early Political Activism and Role in the Pakistan Movement

Contributions as the first prime minister, advocate for social justice and equality, assassination and controversies, legacy and continuing relevance.

Liaquat Ali Khan, born on October 1, 1895, in Karnal, British India, played a pivotal role in the creation and early development of Pakistan. As a key figure in the All India Muslim League, he became a close associate of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan. This extended essay aims to delve into the multifaceted aspects of Liaquat Ali Khan’s life, exploring his early contributions to the Pakistan Movement, the significant services he rendered, his role as the first Prime Minister of Pakistan, and the enduring legacy he left behind.

Liaquat Ali Khan’s journey into politics commenced in the early 1920s when he joined the All India Muslim League, an organization founded in 1906 to safeguard the rights and interests of Muslims in the Indian subcontinent. Rapidly rising through the ranks, Khan became a trusted ally of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who would later be recognized as the Quaid-e-Azam or “Great Leader” of Pakistan.

One of Liaquat Ali Khan’s defining moments in the Pakistan Movement was his role in the Lahore Resolution of 1940. The resolution, also known as the Pakistan Resolution, called for the establishment of a separate Muslim state in the Indian subcontinent. Khan, a member of the Muslim League’s Working Committee, played a pivotal role in drafting and advocating for this resolution, which was officially adopted on March 23, 1940. This landmark event laid the groundwork for the demand for an independent Muslim state and sowed the seeds for the eventual creation of Pakistan in 1947.

Representing the Muslim League in the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946, Liaquat Ali Khan was part of the negotiations that aimed to establish a federal government in India, incorporating both Muslim and Hindu-majority provinces. However, when the plan was rejected by the Muslim League, insisting on the creation of a separate state for Muslims, it set the stage for the partition of India and the birth of Pakistan.

Following the creation of Pakistan on August 14, 1947, Liaquat Ali Khan assumed the position of the country’s first Prime Minister. His tenure was marked by numerous challenges, including the daunting task of establishing the government and constitution of the newly formed state.

One of Khan’s immediate priorities was to stabilize Pakistan’s economy, which was in a precarious state post-partition. Implementing economic policies and reforms became crucial to achieving this goal. The establishment of the Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation, aimed at promoting industrialization, and the introduction of land reforms to redistribute land to small farmers were indicative of Khan’s commitment to economic progress and poverty reduction.

Furthermore, Liaquat Ali Khan worked diligently to strengthen Pakistan’s diplomatic ties with neighboring countries. Considering the sensitive relationship with India post-partition, Khan advocated for peaceful coexistence and sought diplomatic solutions to resolve disputes through dialogue and negotiation. His efforts in promoting regional stability were essential during the formative years of the newly independent nation.

As Prime Minister, Khan actively participated in international organizations, securing Pakistan’s membership in the United Nations. He also played a significant role in the Non-Aligned Movement, which sought to establish a third way between the major power blocs during the Cold War. His diplomatic endeavors aimed at projecting Pakistan as a responsible global player, contributing to the shaping of its identity on the international stage.

Beyond his political contributions, Liaquat Ali Khan emerged as a strong advocate for social justice and equality within Pakistan. His vision for the nation encompassed a commitment to the rights of women, minorities, and other marginalized groups.

Khan actively supported women’s rights and gender equality, recognizing the importance of women’s participation in the nation’s development. His advocacy went beyond rhetoric, as he worked towards implementing policies that would enhance the status of women in Pakistani society. Khan’s commitment to gender equality laid a foundation for future leaders to continue the pursuit of women’s rights.

In addition to gender equality, Liaquat Ali Khan championed the rights of religious minorities, including the Christian and Hindu communities in Pakistan. His vision for a pluralistic society was reflected in his policies and initiatives that aimed at ensuring the protection of minority rights. Khan believed in fostering an inclusive and tolerant society where all citizens could coexist harmoniously.

Educational reforms were another cornerstone of Khan’s vision for a progressive Pakistan. Recognizing the pivotal role of education in national development, he initiated reforms to enhance educational opportunities for all Pakistanis. Khan’s emphasis on literacy and access to education aimed to empower citizens and build a foundation for the country’s future growth and development.

Tragically, Liaquat Ali Khan’s life was cut short on October 16, 1951, when he was assassinated during a public gathering in Rawalpindi. The circumstances surrounding his death remain controversial and have been the subject of ongoing debate and speculation. Theories range from political conspiracies to internal conflicts within Pakistan.

The assassination of Liaquat Ali Khan marked a dark chapter in Pakistan’s history and had profound implications for the nation’s political landscape. The void left by his death was deeply felt, and the unresolved questions surrounding the circumstances of his assassination continue to generate discussions and research.

Despite the controversies surrounding his death, Liaquat Ali Khan’s legacy endures as a visionary leader who played a pivotal role in shaping the early trajectory of Pakistan. His contributions to the Pakistan Movement, economic reforms, diplomatic initiatives, and advocacy for social justice left an indelible mark on the nation.

Liaquat Ali Khan’s vision for Pakistan remains relevant today. His advocacy for social justice, educational reforms, and economic development continues to inspire people within Pakistan and beyond. The institutions and policies he helped establish during his time as Prime Minister have had a lasting impact, shaping the trajectory of Pakistan’s future.

Liaquat Ali Khan’s life and contributions stand as a testament to his unwavering commitment to the creation and development of Pakistan. From his early involvement in the Pakistan Movement to his tenure as the first Prime Minister, Khan’s legacy is marked by resilience, vision, and a dedication to nation-building. As Pakistan continues to navigate its complex journey, the principles and values advocated by Liaquat Ali Khan remain guiding lights for future generations, ensuring that his legacy lives on in the heart of the nation he helped create.

Irsa Jahanzaib

Hello and welcome to words! My name is Irsa Jahanzaib and I'm a writer based in Faisalabad. Writing has always been my passion, and I have been honing my craft for several years now.

I specialize in story style writing, and I enjoy exploring the intricacies of the human experience through my writing. I believe that words have the power to inspire, educate, and transform, and I strive to create meaningful and engaging content that resonates with my readers.

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Democracy in Pakistan Essay with Quotations

by Pakiology | Mar 25, 2024 | Essay | 1 comment

Explore the evolution, challenges, and progress of democracy in Pakistan in this in-depth essay . Gain insights into the nation’s rich history, the influence of the military, the pervasive issue of corruption, and the role of civil society in shaping Pakistan’s democratic landscape.

Title: The Evolution of Democracy in Pakistan: Challenges, Progress, and Prospects for the Future

Introduction.

Pakistan, a country characterized by its rich and diverse history, has embarked on a tumultuous journey in pursuit of democracy. Overcoming numerous obstacles, its citizens have tenaciously defended their democratic rights and worked diligently to forge a more equitable society. In this comprehensive essay, we delve into the current state of democracy in Pakistan, recognizing its historical context, addressing the persistent challenges it confronts, highlighting the progress made, and considering the prospects for the future.

The Historical Landscape

Democracy, at its core, is a system of government grounded in the principle of representation, allowing citizens to actively participate in decision-making processes that impact their lives. Regrettably, the implementation of democracy in Pakistan has been marred by a series of military coups and periods of martial law, intermittently disrupting its democratic trajectory. Despite these adversities, Pakistan now operates as a federal parliamentary republic with a president and prime minister at the helm.

The Military’s Influence: A Persistent Challenge

A major impediment to democracy in Pakistan has been the enduring influence of the military on the political landscape. Pakistan’s history is replete with instances of military interventions in civilian governance, including several coups and martial law declarations. This persistent interference not only undermines democratic principles but also erodes public trust in the democratic system. Additionally, intelligence agencies have faced accusations of wielding substantial influence in the political sphere, further eroding democratic institutions and processes.

Corruption as a Hindrance: A Deep-Seated Issue

Another significant challenge is the pervasiveness of corruption within Pakistan. Corruption has become deeply ingrained in the country, with numerous politicians and government officials implicated in embezzlement and bribery. This deeply rooted issue corrodes the legitimacy of the democratic process and erodes public trust in the government. The adverse effects of corruption are most acutely felt by marginalized communities, who suffer from a lack of essential public services and resources.

The Resilience of Democratic Aspirations: Signs of Progress

Despite these formidable challenges, the citizens of Pakistan persistently strive to defend their democratic rights and fortify democratic institutions. In recent years, the country has seen a notable rise in the number of civil society organizations dedicated to advocating for transparency, accountability, and the promotion of awareness regarding democratic rights and freedoms. Additionally, the media has played a pivotal role in promoting democratic values and holding the government accountable for its actions.

The Role of Civil Society

Civil society organizations have emerged as vital agents of change in Pakistan’s democratic landscape. They tirelessly work to bridge the gap between the government and the governed, acting as watchdogs for accountability and transparency. Through advocacy, awareness campaigns, and public mobilization, these organizations have managed to shine a spotlight on the pressing issues of democracy and governance in Pakistan. Their activities range from monitoring elections to exposing corruption and advocating for the rule of law.

Media as the Fourth Estate

The media in Pakistan has undergone a transformational journey, evolving into a vibrant fourth estate that plays a crucial role in promoting democratic values. While media outlets often grapple with challenges such as censorship and intimidation, they continue to serve as a check on government power and a forum for diverse voices. Investigative journalism has uncovered corruption scandals, challenged authoritarianism, and provided a platform for citizens to engage in political discourse.

In conclusion, democracy in Pakistan remains an imperfect yet indispensable system, despite the numerous setbacks and challenges it has encountered. The people of Pakistan ardently safeguard their democratic rights, and the fortification of democratic institutions and processes is pivotal for the nation’s future. The enduring challenges posed by military influence, corruption, and public mistrust can only be surmounted through persistent efforts and sustained citizen engagement in the democratic process. As Pakistan continues its journey towards a more robust democracy, the world watches with hope and anticipation, recognizing the nation’s potential to overcome its challenges and achieve democratic excellence. The path may be long and arduous, but the resilience and determination of Pakistan’s people offer a promising outlook for the future of democracy in the country.

Quotes Related to Democracy

Here are a few quotes related to democracy and its challenges in Pakistan:

“A society that puts equality before freedom will get neither. A society that puts freedom before equality will get a high degree of both.” – Milton Friedman, Economist

“The greatest threat to democracy is not the enemies from without, but the enemies from within.” – Thomas Jefferson, Third President of the United States

“I believe that the real solution to the problems facing Pakistan lies in true democracy and the rule of law.” – Imran Khan, Former Prime Minister of Pakistan

“The price of freedom is eternal vigilance.” – John Philpot Curran, Irish Orator and Statesman.

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Sir you have used a lot of bitter words in this essay which are enough to awake a nation.😭😭😭😭 But It’s reality I think inshallah one day we will achieve that original democracy which will prevent our basic rights and our motherland…..

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