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Uniform Civil Code in India

Uniform Civil Code in India: Suggestions, Challenges and Essay for UPSC Notes

The Uniform Civil Code is based on the idea of one country, one code that applies to all faith groups. Part 4, Article 44 of the Indian Constitution specifically mentions the term “Uniform Civil Code.”

Since the first petition was submitted in 2019 to demand the creation of a UCC to promote national integration and gender equality,  justice, and dignity of women, it has become a hotly disputed topic in India. Questions from it can be asked in the IAS Exam in GS-II (Governance), Mains GS-1 (Indian Society), Prelims, and also Essay papers.

This article will give you all the important notes and information about the uniform civil commission in India. The law commission reports behind the uniform code, when it was formed and why it was formed, all the data will be provided here.

Uniform Civil Code in India: UPSC Essay Introduction Paragraph

A Uniform Civil Code indicates that all members regardless of faith, society, will be treated equally under a national civil code that will be applied similarly to all.

They address topics such as inheritance, divorce, adoption, marriage, child support, and property succession. It is founded on the assumption that in modern culture, there is no link between law and religion.

Also Read: Uniform Civil Code: The Complete Guide to Important UPSC Notes  

Features Of Uniform Civil Code of Goa

# In Goa, the Uniform Civil commission is a progressive statute that allows for an equitable distribution of income and property between husband and wife, as well as children (regardless of gender).

# Every birth, marriage, and death must be legally recorded. There are numerous provisions for divorce.

# Polygamy and triple talaq are not permitted for Muslims whose marriages are registered in Goa.

# During the course of a marriage, the couple shares all of the property and wealth that each spouse owns or acquires.

# In the event of a divorce, each spouse is entitled to half of the property, and in the event of death, the surviving member’s ownership is halved.

# Parents cannot completely disinherit their offspring. A minimum of half of their assets must be passed on to the children. This inherited property must be divided among the children equally.

Also Read: How to Write an Essay? 9 Tips To Score Better in UPSC Essay Paper

Suggestions for Bringing Up a Uniform Civil Code

The following suggestions must be considered immediately in order to achieve the DPSP’s goals and maintain legal uniformity

# People should be encouraged to have a progressive and open-minded mindset in order to grasp the spirit of the UCC. Education, sensitization and awareness programmes must be implemented to achieve this.

# The Uniform Civil commission should be written with the greatest interests of all religions in mind.

# To maintain uniformity, a committee of distinguished jurists should be formed, and care must be taken not to offend the feelings of any particular group.

# Given the sensitivity of the subject, it is always preferable if the initiative comes from the religious groups involved.

Uniform Civil Code: Historical Perspective (Second Paragraph)

The perspective of the commission comes from the history of colonial times.

Pre-Independence: Colonial Era

# The October 1840 Lex Loci Report emphasised the need and necessity of uniformity in the codification of Indian law, particularly in the areas of crimes, proof, and contract. However, it was also recommended that Muslim and Hindu personal laws be left out of such codification.

# The Proclamation of the Queen of 1859 pledged complete non-interference in religious affairs.

Post-Colonial Era

Famous leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar campaigned for a standard civil code during the constitution’s development.

However, because of religious fundamentalist opposition and a lack of public understanding at the time, they included the UCC in the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP, Article 44).

The Hindu Code Bill

Dr B R Ambedkar drafted the bill to modify Hindu laws that legalised divorce, prohibited polygamy, and provided daughters inheritance rights. Despite fierce opposition, a reduced form of the code was passed through four different statutes.

Succession Act

Originally, the Hindu Succession Act of 1956 did not grant daughters any inheritance rights in the family property. They could only beg for a right to food from a Hindu family that lived together. However, on September 9, 2005, an amendment to the Act was passed, which eliminated the difference.

Minority and Guardianship Act

The Hindu Marriage Act

Adoptions and Maintenance Act

Special Marriage Act

It was passed in 1954 and allows legal marriages to take place outside of any religious personal law.

Also Read: What Is the UAPA Act? Here’s All You Need to Know about the Act for the UPSC Exam

Law Commission Report: Uniform Civil Code in India (Third Paragraph)

According to the Law Commission study, the way forward may not be a Uniform Civil commission, but rather the codification of all personal laws so that stereotypes and prejudices in each one can be exposed and tested against the Constitution’s Fundamental Rights.

Merits of Uniform Civil Code

Given below are the merits of the law commission of the UCC or the Uniform Civil Code. The UCC has many advantages because it is a commission for equality, liberty and franchise.

National Integration

A single commission is essential for the protection of India’s most vulnerable citizens (religious minorities and women), as well as the development of solidarity and national unity.

Simplification of Laws

# There are numerous personal laws, such as the Sharia Law, Hindu Code Bill, and others.

# The existence of so many laws leads to complexity, confusion, and inconsistency in the adjudication of personal matters, which can result in delayed or no justice.

# This overlapping of laws will be eliminated by the UCC.

Simplification of the System

UCC will lead to a decrease in litigation originating from numerous personal laws.

Establishing a Secular Nation

# UCC will separate law from religion, which is a very desirable goal in a socialist and secular society.

# Furthermore, it complies with Article 44 of the Directive Principles of State Policy, which is a constitutional duty.

Gender Justice

# Women’s rights are frequently restricted under patriarchal rhetoric by religious regulations.

# UCC will free women from patriarchal oppression and grant them the right to liberty and equality that they deserve.

# UCC would lead to the defeat of divisionist and communal movements in the long run.

Way Forward UCC (Conclusion)

India has a unique mix of Parsi, Muslim, Christian and Hindu personal laws codified. There is no single family-related law for all Indians in a single statute book that is acceptable to all religious faiths that coexist in India. However, the majority of them agree that UCC is unquestionably desirable and would contribute significantly to the building and consolidation of Indian nationhood.

Furthermore, although the United States Constitution endorses the cause of a uniform civil code in Article 44, it should not be misinterpreted as a “common law.”

The term “uniform” refers to the fact that all communities must be governed by the same gender and human equity principles.

Each personal law will be humanised and modernised as a result.

It would imply different personal rules founded on ideals of liberty, fairness, and equality, rather than common law.

Practice Questions for Uniform Civil Code for UPSC

Here are some questions which are asked in the previous papers of UPSC

# What are your thoughts on the Uniform Civil Code? Examine its applicability in a secular country like India, as well as the obstacles to its implementation. (maximum 250 words)

# Examine the elements that may prevent India from implementing a unified civil commission for its inhabitants, as required by the directive principles of state policy.

# On the one hand, there is no necessary link between religion and personal laws, while civil and personal laws are distinct on the other. Discuss the need for a consistent civil commission and the various issues that come with it in this setting.

# Essay Question: In a secular India, a Uniform Civil Code is Required.

Also Read: UPSC Test Question with Answers: Practice Set for UPSC Current Affairs

This article is an essay on the uniform civil code of India and talks about the challenges, suggestions and also the arguments. The aspirants should take down these as important notes, and also form revision notes as bullet points as uniform civil code is a very crucial topic in the UPSC.

It can be asked in current affairs, general studies papers and even as an essay topic. There are many videos that talk about this topic and many debates which give you the perfect idea of what this topic is all about.

Hopefully , this article helped you with all the data and information that you were looking for. What is your opinion on the Uniform Civil Code of India? Drop your explanation in the comments section below.

Also Read: What is Section 66A of the IT Act? Here is All the Information for UPSC Preparation

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  • IAS Preparation
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  • Need For A Uniform Civil Code In A Secular India

Uniform Civil Code - Challenges, Suggestions & Debate On UCC [UPSC Notes]

Uniform Civil Code resonates with one country one rule, to be applied to all religious communities. The term, ‘Uniform Civil Code’ is explicitly mentioned in Part 4, Article 44 of the Indian Constitution. Article 44 says, “The State shall endeavor to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.” 

Uniform Civil Code – Indian Polity Download PDF Here

Context : Uniform Civil Code in India is a widely debated topic lately since the first petition was filed in 2019 to seek for framing of a UCC to promote national integration and gender justice, equality, and dignity of women.

IAS 2023 results

Questions from it can be asked in the IAS Exam in Prelims, Mains GS-1 (Indian Society), GS-II (Governance), and also Essay papers. This article is an essay on the Uniform Civil Code in India. It talks about the challenges and suggestions in its implementation, part IV of Article 44 of the constitution and debates associated with uniform civil code.

Table of Contents:

Uniform Civil Code – UCC

uniform civil code essay 150 words

A Uniform Civil Code means that all sections of the society irrespective of their religion shall be treated equally according to a national civil code, which shall be applicable to all uniformly.

They cover areas like- Marriage, divorce, maintenance, inheritance, adoption and succession of the property. It is based on the premise that there is no connection between religion and law in modern civilization.

What is Article 44?

Article 44 corresponds with Directive Principles of State Policy stating that State shall endeavour to provide for its citizens a uniform civil code (UCC) throughout the territory of India.

Uniform Civil Code Debate

Historical perspective – The debate for a uniform civil code dates back to the colonial period in India.

  • The Lex Loci Report of October 1840- It stressed the importance and necessity of uniformity in the codification of Indian law, relating to crimes, evidence and contract. But, it also recommended that personal laws of Hindus and Muslims should be kept outside such codification.
  • The Queen’s 1859 Proclamation- It promised absolute non-interference in religious matters.

So while criminal laws were codified and became common for the whole country, personal laws continue to be governed by separate codes for different communities.

  • During the drafting of the constitution, prominent leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Dr B.R Ambedkar pushed for a uniform civil code. However, they included the UCC in the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP, Article 44) mainly due to opposition from religious fundamentalists and a lack of awareness among the masses during the time.

Some of the reforms of this period were:-

The Hindu code bill -The bill was drafted by Dr.B R Ambedkar to reform Hindu laws, which legalized divorce, opposed polygamy, gave rights of inheritance to daughters. Amidst intense opposition of the code, a diluted version was passed via four different laws.

Succession Act- The Hindu Succession Act, 1956, originally did not give daughters inheritance rights in ancestral property. They could only ask for a right to sustenance from a joint Hindu family. But this disparity was removed by an amendment to the Act on September 9, 2005

The Hindu Marriage Act

Minority and Guardianship Act

Adoptions and Maintenance Act

Special Marriage Act:

  • It was enacted in 1954 which provided for civil marriages outside of any religious personal law.
  • Judicial interventions:

Shah Bano case (1985) :-

A 73-year-old woman called Shah Bano was divorced by her husband using triple talaq (saying “I divorce thee” three times) and was denied maintenance. She approached the courts and the District Court and the High Court ruled in her favour. This led to her husband appealing to the Supreme Court saying that he had fulfilled all his obligations under Islamic law.

The Supreme Court ruled in her favour in 1985 under the “maintenance of wives, children and parents” provision (Section 125) of the All India Criminal Code, which applied to all citizens irrespective of religion. Further, It recommended that a uniform civil code be set up.

Facts about the case:

  • Under Muslim personal law, maintenance was to be paid only till the period of iddat. (three lunar months-roughly 90 days ).
  • Section 125 of CrPC (criminal procedure code) that applied to all citizens, provided for maintenance of the wife.

Impact – After this historic decision, nationwide discussions, meetings and agitations were held. The then government under pressure passed The Muslim Women’s (Right to protection on divorce ) Act (MWA) in 1986, which made Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code inapplicable to Muslim women.

Daniel Latifi Case:-

Muslim Women’s Act (MWA) was challenged on the grounds that it violated the right to equality under Articles 14& 15 as well as the right to life under Article 21. The Supreme Court while holding the law as constitutional, harmonised it with section 125 of CrPC and held that the amount received by a wife during iddat period should be large enough to maintain her during iddat as well as provide for her future. Thus under the law of the land, a divorced Muslim woman is entitled to the provision of maintenance for a lifetime or until she is remarried.

Sarla Mudgal Case:-

In this case, the question was whether a Hindu husband married under the Hindu law, by embracing Islam, can solemnise a second marriage. The court held that the Hindu marriage solemnized under Hindu law can only be dissolved on any of the grounds specified under the Hindu Marriage Act 1955. Conversion to Islam and marrying again, would not by itself dissolve the Hindu marriage under the act and thus, a second marriage solemnized after converting to Islam would be an offence under section 494 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC).

John Vallamattom Case:-

In this case, a priest from Kerala, John Vallamattom challenged the Constitutional validity of Section 118 of the Indian Succession Act, which is applicable for non-Hindus in India. Mr Vallamatton contended that Section 118 of the act was discriminatory against Christians as it imposes unreasonable restrictions on their donation of property for religious or charitable purposes by will. The bench struck down the section as unconstitutional.

Candidates who are preparing for UPSC 2024 , may check the linked article to know more about the upcoming IAS exam, its pattern, syllabus and more.

Related links:

The Constitution of India on the Uniform Civil Code

Part IV, Article 44 of the Constitution states that “The State shall endeavour to secure the citizen a Uniform Civil Code throughout the territory of India”.

However, Article 37 of the Constitution itself makes it clear the DPSP “shall not be enforceable by any court”. Nevertheless, they are “fundamental in the governance of the country”. This indicates that although our constitution itself believes that a Uniform Civil Code should be implemented in some manner, it does not make this implementation mandatory.

Uniform Civil Code-The Constitution of India on the Uniform Civil Code

The candidates can read  IAS Topper strategies to align their preparation accordingly and be updated with tips and guidelines.

Other constitutional provisions relating to religious freedom and secularism are:

  • Article 15- No discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
  • Article 25- Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion, subject to reasonable restrictions on the grounds of public order, health and mortality.
  • Article 25 (2)-provides for regulating secular activities associated with religious practices, social welfare and reform.
  • Article 26- Right to establish and administer religious institutions.
  • Article 27- Prohibits the state from levying a tax, proceeds of which are used for the benefit of a particular religion.
  • Article 28- deals with the issue of religious instruction in educational institutions.

The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act inserted the word ‘secularism’ in the preamble. In the S.R.Bommai vs Union of India case, the Supreme Court held secularism as a basic feature of the constitution.

Goa Civil Code

Goa is the only Indian state to have a UCC in the form of common family law. The Portuguese Civil Code that remains in force even today was introduced in the 19th century in Goa and wasn’t replaced after its liberation.

  • The Uniform Civil Code in Goa is a progressive law that allows equal division of income and property between husband and wife and also between children (regardless of gender).
  • Every birth, marriage and death have to be compulsorily registered. For divorce, there are several provisions.
  • Muslims who have their marriages registered in Goa cannot practice polygamy or divorce through triple talaq.
  • During the course of a marriage, all the property and wealth owned or acquired by each spouse is commonly held by the couple.
  • Each spouse in case of divorce is entitled to half of the property and in case of death, the ownership of the property is halved for the surviving member.
  • The parents cannot disinherit their children entirely. At least half of their property has to be passed on to the children. This inherited property must be shared equally among the children.

However, the code has certain drawbacks and is not strictly a uniform code. For example, Hindu men have the right to bigamy under specific circumstances mentioned in Codes of Usages and Customs of Gentile Hindus of Goa (if the wife fails to deliver a child by the age of 25, or if she fails to deliver a male child by the age of 30). For other communities, the law prohibits polygamy.

Uniform Civil Code and Arguments For & Against

Arguments in favour of the Uniform Civil Code:

  • It will Integrate India- India is a country with many religions, customs and practices. A uniform civil code will help in integrating India more than it has ever been since independence. It will help in bringing every Indian, despite his caste, religion or tribe, under one national civil code of conduct.
  • Will Help in Reducing Vote Bank Politics- A UCC will also help in reducing vote bank politics that most political parties indulge in during every election.
  • Personal Laws Are a Loophole- By allowing personal laws we have constituted an alternate judicial system that still operates on thousands of years old values. A uniform civil code would change that.
  • Sign of a modern progressive nation- It is a sign that the nation has moved away from caste and religious politics. While our economic growth has been significant, our social growth has lagged behind. A UCC will help society move forward and take India towards its goal of becoming a truly developed nation.
  • It will Give More Rights to Women- Religious personal laws are misogynistic in nature and by allowing old religious rules to continue to govern the family life we are condemning all Indian women to subjugation and mistreatment. A uniform civil code will also help in improving the condition of women in India.
  • All Indians Should be Treated the Same- All the laws related to marriage, inheritance, family, land etc. should be equal for all Indians. UCC is the only way to ensure that all Indians are treated the same.
  • It Promotes Real Secularism- A uniform civil code doesn’t mean that it will limit the freedom of people to follow their religion, it just means that every person will be treated the same and all citizens of India have to follow the same laws regardless of any religion.
  • Change has been the law of nature-A minority of people should not be allowed to pick and choose the laws they want to be administered under. These personal laws were formulated in a specific spatiotemporal context and should not stand still in a changed time and context.
  • Many provisions of specific personal laws are in violation of human rights.
  • Article 25 and Article 26 guarantee the freedom of religion and UCC is not opposed to secularism.
  • The codification and unification of the variegated personal laws will produce a more coherent legal system. This will reduce the existing confusion and enable easier and more efficient administration of laws by the judiciary.

Uniform Civil Code – Challenges in its Implementation

Uniform Civil Code- Challenges in Implementation of the UCC

UCC is a debated-topic and forms an important part of UPSC Current Affairs which aspirants can check in the linked article.

The task of actually devising a set of rules that will govern all communities is a very formidable and tedious one considering the vast range of interests and sentiments to be accounted for.

  • Misinformation about UCC – Content of UCC has not been spelt out leading minorities to believe that it is a way of imposing majority views on them.
  • Lack of political will due to the complexity and sensitivity of the issue.
  • Different religious communities have different personal laws which lead to the politicization of the UCC debate.

Opponents of UCC argue that personal laws are derived from religious beliefs. They maintain that it is prudent not to disturb them, as this runs the risk of engendering a great deal of animosity and tension between various religious communities. Also, India being a secular country guarantees its minorities the right to follow their own religion, culture and customs under Article 29 and 30. They argue that implementing UCC will contravene these articles.

Suggestions for Implementing a Uniform Civil Code:

To realize the goals of the DPSP and to maintain the uniformity of laws, the following suggestions need immediate consideration:

  • A progressive and broadminded outlook should be encouraged among the people to understand the spirit of the UCC. For this, education, awareness and sensitisation programmes must be taken up.
  • The Uniform Civil Code should be drafted keeping in mind the best interest of all the religions.
  • A committee of eminent jurists should be constituted to maintain uniformity and care must be taken not to hurt the sentiments of any particular community.
  • The matter being sensitive in nature, it is always better if the initiative comes from the religious groups concerned.

The Way Forward for UCC: Gradual Change

India has a unique blend of codified personal laws of Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Parsis. There exists no uniform family-related law in a single statute book for all Indians which is acceptable to all religious communities who co-exist in India. However, a majority of them believe that UCC is definitely desirable and would go a long way in strengthening and consolidating the Indian nationhood. The differences of opinion are on its timing and the manner in which it should be realized.

Instead of using it as an emotive issue to gain political advantage, political and intellectual leaders should try to evolve a consensus. The question is not of minority protection, or even of national unity, it is simply one of treating each human person with dignity, something which personal laws have so far failed to do.

How to Approach UCC for Civil Services Examination

For Prelims:

Polity- religion, secularism, personal laws, etc.

For Mains: General Studies Paper-II

  • Indian polity

Aspirants can get GS-II related articles from the table below:

Practice Questions for UCC

Sample questions are given below:

Prelims Paper I-

  • Part IV of the constitution deals with the uniform civil code
  • Uniform civil code has been recommended to ensure national integration.
  • Goa is the only state in India to have some form of uniform civil code
  • Part IV of the constitution is justiciable in nature

Essay Paper-

  • The Need for a Uniform Civil Code in a Secular India.

General Studies Paper-II –

  • Discuss the possible factors that inhibit India from enacting for its citizens a uniform civil code as provided for in the directive principles of state policy.
  • There is no necessary connection between religion and personal laws on the one hand and civil laws and personal laws are different on the other. In this context discuss the need for a uniform civil code and the different challenges associated with this.

UPSC aspirants should read more about various laws and constitutional amendments for IAS 2023. It would be beneficial to refer to NCERT Books on the subject. The concepts learnt should be linked to current affairs for the exam.

Daily News

UPSC Questions Related to Uniform Civil Code

What is the meaning of civil code.

A civil code is a systematic collection of laws designed to deal with the core areas of private law such as for dealing with business and negligence lawsuits and practices.

What is the Article 44?

Article 44 of the Indian Constitution defines a Uniform Civil Code. Article 44 says, ‘The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a Uniform Civil Code throughout the territory of India.’ The article is a part of the Directive Principles of State Policy.

Why does Goa have a uniform civil code?

The Goa Civil Code, also known as the Goa Family Law, was introduced in 1870 by the Portuguese who were ruling the state. After the liberation of Goa in 1961, the civil code was retained.

When was the Hindu code bill passed?

The Hindu Code Bills are a set of laws that were passed in the 1950s.

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Essay on Uniform Civil Code 1000+ Words

The concept of a Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is a subject of significant discussion and debate. In this essay, I will argue that the implementation of a Uniform Civil Code in a diverse country like India has the potential to promote equality, justice, and legal uniformity.

Defining the Uniform Civil Code

A Uniform Civil Code is a set of laws that apply uniformly to all citizens, regardless of their religion, regarding matters such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, and property rights. India is a nation with diverse personal laws based on religion, which creates disparities.

Addressing Religious Personal Laws

Currently, India follows different personal laws for different religious communities. For example, Hindus, Muslims, Christians, and others have separate laws governing marriage, divorce, and inheritance. This creates inequality and confusion.

Promoting Gender Equality

One of the main arguments in favor of a Uniform Civil Code is its potential to promote gender equality. Under many existing personal laws, women often face discrimination in matters like divorce, inheritance, and property rights.

Case Study: Triple Talaq

The issue of triple talaq in Islamic personal law has been a subject of controversy. A Uniform Civil Code could eliminate practices like instant triple talaq, which have been deemed unfair and oppressive to women.

Legal Uniformity

A Uniform Civil Code would bring legal uniformity to the country. It would simplify the legal system by applying a single set of laws to all citizens, irrespective of their religious beliefs.

Social Cohesion

Implementing a Uniform Civil Code can promote social cohesion by removing religious divisions in personal laws. It can contribute to a more unified and harmonious society.

Arguments Against a UCC

Some argue that a UCC may infringe upon religious freedom and traditions. It’s important to consider these concerns and strike a balance between personal beliefs and the need for equality and uniformity.

International Perspective

Many countries, including some with diverse religious populations like the United States, have uniform civil codes that apply to all citizens. Examining international examples can provide insights into the benefits and challenges of implementing a UCC.

Legal Challenges

Implementing a uniform civil code in a diverse country like India would require careful consideration and planning to address legal complexities and cultural sensitivities.

Conclusion of Essay on Uniform Civil Code

In conclusion, the implementation of a Uniform Civil Code in India is a complex and contentious issue. However, it has the potential to promote gender equality, legal uniformity, and social cohesion. It is essential to have open and respectful discussions to find a balanced approach that respects religious beliefs while ensuring justice and equality for all citizens. A Uniform Civil Code, if implemented thoughtfully, could be a significant step toward a more equitable and unified society.

Also Check: Simple Guide on How To Write An Essay

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Uniform Civil Code Essay

Uniform Civil Code Essay | Essay on Uniform Civil Code for Students and Children in English

Uniform Civil Code Essay: Uniform Civil Code marks the state of equality in the country, meaning that every section of the society is treated alike, concerning the national civil code, without any discrepancy for any religion.

Many societal aspects are covered in this broad umbrella. They include areas like marriage, maintenance, adoption, divorce, inheritance, property succession and many others. The provision of a uniform civil code is one among the many promises made by the current ruling party of India, which is the Bharatiya Janata Party.

You can also find more  Essay Writing  articles on events, persons, sports, technology and many more.

Long and Short Essays on Uniform Civil Code for Students and Kids in English

We are providing students with essay samples on a long essay of 500 words and a short essay of 150 words on the topic “Uniform Civil Code” for reference.

Long Essay on Uniform Civil Code 500 Words in English

Long Essay on Uniform Civil Code is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

The term Uniform Civil Code, originating from the Sanskrit term Samāna Nāgrika Saṃhitā, is a promise of secularism in India by the Preamble. It is also a source of dispute for many minority communities, including the Muslims, and various other conservative groups of the Indian society. The conflict arises due to demands of personal law from these groups owing to some personal religious beliefs and rituals.

There is a provision in Article 44 of the Indian Constitution, within chapter IV named Directive Principles of State Policy that makes way for a condition for a uniform civil code in the entire geographical territory of India.

The historical perspective of this code dates back to the debates in the colonial period in the country. In October 1840, the Lex Locireport drew attention to the urgency of making a uniform law concerning crimes, pieces of evidence and so on.

The condition of women in the colonial period was inadequate. There were several social reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, who took essential steps for minimizing the plight of women. The struggle for uniform civil code had already begun then.

In the post-colonial era, this code became more prominent in the hands of eminent Indian leaders, like Dr B.R Ambedkar and Jawaharlal Nehru. This code also received the support of many women members of the then parliament. Irrespective of the severe criticisms that Dr B.R Ambedkar faced for his apparent dislike of upper castes, he pushed forward in his demand for a uniform civil code.

This code underwent several reforms in the time immemorial. Some of the significant reforms include the Hindu Code Bill that made divorces legal and made objections to polygamy, the succession act of1956 that made the daughters in the family an equal heir to ancestral property. Hindu marriage act, adoptions and maintenance act were some other reforms.

A case that is very intricately connected with uniform civil code is the Shah Bano case, in the year 1985. Shah Bano, a woman with 73years of age was a divorcee. Her husband used the triple talaq method. Apart from the divorce at such an age, she was also denied maintenance. When she moved to court, all the judgements came in her favour, and the demand for a uniform civil code strengthened.

You can now access more Essay Writing on Uniform Civil Code and many more topics.

As the Directive Principles of State Policy are not enforceable by courts, there has always been a lot of debate around the provision of uniform civil code. There exists a dualism in the constitution itself, as although it makes uniform civil code essential there is no way that this could be made mandatory.

There have been several arguments that are given in favour of this idea. With a uniform civil code, the country will make sure that the women receive more rights, the concept of secularism will cease to be a mere idea. Constitution will be able to implement it for each individual residing in the country.

Short Essay on Uniform Civil Code 150 Words in English

Short Essay on Uniform Civil Code is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

To have a more progressive and broadminded outlook in society, the requirement of a uniform law is essential. This idea of a unified direction for the country is the uniform civil code. It is a much-debated topic, and the task of actually establishing it in the society is not an easy one.

Numerous communities have raised the demand for a set of personal laws. But these laws are a loophole, which encourages age-old orthodox values. Since our constitution makes it essential that each citizen must receive equal treatment, it will only be possible if there are public laws only.

There are numerous challenges in the way of its implementation, like lack of political will, misinformation, etc. India is a country with innumerable communities and huge population. It is not possible to prioritize a particular community. So the establishment of a uniform civil code is crucial for the proper functioning of the society.

10 Lines on Uniform Civil Code Essay in English

1. Uniform civil code is a huge step forward in bringing the country together. 2. There is no way in which a uniform civil code will reduce the freedom of the citizens. 3. Uniform civil code will form a backbone in removing all forms of gender inequalities. 4. The constitution can abolish retrograde practices with this code. 5. In India, Goa is the only state to have established this code successfully. 6. A uniform civil code indicates a modern society. 7. This code will act in the best interest for all the communities. 8. A body of eminent jurists can maintain this code. 9. The implementation of this code is a sensitive topic in nature. 10. The need for awareness and sensitization programmes for this code is crucial.

FAQ’s on Uniform Civil Code Essay

Question 1. What are some reforms to uniform civil code?

Answer: Many cases and reforms have taken place for implementing this code: the Hindu code bill, the minority and guardianship act, special marriage act, succession act.

Question 2. What is the Sarla Mudgal case?

Answer: This case was crucial to the formulation of a uniform civil code. This case raised the question if a Hindu husband could practice polygamy if he embraced Islam.

Question 3. Will uniform civil code make the society modern?

Answer: Since this code looks forward to providing a unified law for the country, so it will be one crucial step to make the society modern.

Question 4.  Will this code limit freedom?

Answer: This code means every person is treated equally, so in no way it will limit freedom of the people.

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A Uniform Civil Code to Unite a Diverse Nation

An essay on "a uniform civil code to unite a diverse nation" by vedha srinivasan provides recommendations facilitating the enforcement of the union civil code..

A Uniform Civil Code to Unite a Diverse Nation

An essay on "A Uniform Civil Code to Unite a Diverse Nation" by Vedha Srinivasan provides recommendations for enforcing the Union Civil Code. In India, there are uniform criminal laws for all citizens. Crime is looked at with unwavering objectivity that cuts through all religions, castes, genders, and socio-economic backgrounds. Yet, this is not the case with civil laws governing personal matters. This translates into a recipe for chaos in a country as diverse as India, where many traditions are followed.

There is a disturbing divergence in procedures such as adoption, divorce, and inheritance. In fact, the variance is so phenomenal that it challenges the concept of equality and equitability in civil governance. This essay explores the various aspects of the Uniform Civil Code, the genesis, socio-political undercurrents that hinder the enforcement of the Uniform Civil Code, and significant cases that spell out the fractured view of justice that results in the continued refusal to accept the UCC.

Introduction

Independent India was obligated to replace personal laws based on the scriptures and traditions of each significant religious community in India with a uniform body of laws regulating all citizens, known as the Uniform Civil Code (UCC). Ambedkar envisaged a UCC that would fuel national unity and protect the interests of vulnerable sections of society. The UCC was intended to subject all religious communities in India to one legislation governing issues such as marriage, divorce, adoption, maintenance, inheritance and succession. A universal set of laws regulating every citizen is intended to replace the personal laws based on the scriptures and traditions of each major religious community in India.

Article 44 of the Constitution stipulates that the state must establish a uniform civil code for its residents across the Indian subcontinent. The principles outlined in Article 37 are essential even though the Directive Principles of State Policy(DPSP) as defined therein are not justiciable (not enforceable by any court). Article 44 is one of the DPSPs.

Most civil cases are governed by uniform laws in India, such as the Evidence Act, 1872, Civil Procedure Code, Transfer of Property Act, 1882, and Partnership Act, of 1932. States have made countless adjustments, so even under these secular civil rules, there is a difference in some areas. A number of states have recently objected to the 2019 Uniform Motor Vehicles Act .

Evolution of the Uniform Civil Code

The Second Law Commission report , published in 1835, emphasized the need for uniformity in the codification of Indian laws with regard to crimes, evidence, and contracts but advised against codifying other areas of law, such as the personal laws of Hindus and Muslims, which were based on their respective religions. The Proclamation of Queen Victoria in 1858 guaranteed complete non-interference in religious affairs.

In 1941, the B N Rau Committee was finally established to codify Hindu law. Following India's independence, a measure known as the Hindu Succession Act was passed in 1956 based on the recommendations of the B N Rau Committee. As Christians, Jews, Muslims, and Parsis are recognized as separate communities from Hindus, this revised and formalized the law relating to intestate succession among Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs while exempting them.

The Uniform Civil Code became controversial in Indian politics during the Shah Bano Case . Bano Begum, a Muslim lady, was subjected to receive alimony from her ex-husband as per the decision of the Supreme Court. The initial personal laws were created during British Rule, mostly for Muslims and Hindus. The British stayed out of this domestic dispute out of concern for the community leaders' resistance.

In order to improve women's rights, equality, and secularism, women activists first called for a uniform civil code at the beginning of the 20th century. A few legal changes were made up until India's independence in 1947 to help women, primarily Hindu widows. The Hindu Code Bill was passed by the Indian Parliament in 1956 despite strong resistance. Even though Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, his allies, and women campaigners called for a Uniform Civil Code, they ultimately had to accept the compromise of incorporating it into the Directive Principles due to strong opposition.

The Hindu Widow Remarriage Act of 1856 , Married Women's Property Act of 1874, Hindu Inheritance (Removal of Disabilities) Act of 1928, and Hindu Women's Right to Property Act of 1937 were among the laws that were passed in response to movements by progressive groups in British-ruled India and women's organizations. The rise in the legislation addressing personal matters sparked discussions and controversies and called for a considered response from the ruling class.

The Hindu Code Bill

After the Constitution was adopted in 1951, the Rau Committee report was presented to a selected committee led by B. R. Ambedkar for discussion. The Hindu Code Bill expired and was resubmitted in 1952 as disputes persisted. After being amended, the legislation governing intestate or unwilled succession among Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs was codified in 1956 as the Hindu Succession Act. The Act changed Hindu personal law and allowed women more stability in the ownership and property rights. It granted women the right to own property in their father's estate. For a male who passed away intestate, the Act of 1956's general rules of succession indicates that Class I heirs succeed before those in other classes. More descendants were added to the Act in 2005, boosting females to Class I heirs. The daughter receives the same portion that a son does.

Need for a Uniform Civil Code

A uniform civil code is necessary for national integration because it will separate religion from social connections and personal rules, promoting equality and, by extension, social concord.

The Supreme Court stated in Mohd. Ahmed Khan v. Shah Bano Begum(1985),

 "A unified civil code will promote the cause of national unification by eradicating divergent loyalties to the law which have competing philosophies."

Because certain religious communities receive preferential status under the law, it would aid in India's integration. This might eventually prompt guardians of faith to examine themselves and strive to codify and amend long-standing personal laws in line with the moment's modernizing and integrating tendencies.

The right of women to their life and dignity is negatively affected by customs like triple talaq and polygamy. Following the Shah Bano case in 1985, interest in the uniform civil code increased significantly. The argument started when it was raised whether some laws should be made universally applicable. These regulations shouldn't restrict people's fundamental freedom to follow their religion. Following that, the discussion turned to polygamy and Muslim personal law, which is primarily based on Shariat law. Muslims, the Indian left, and a conservative segment of Hindus are the main groups opposed to the creation of a uniform civil code because they see it as a danger to religious freedom.

By eliminating the discriminatory clauses that are already present in personal laws, UCC would advance gender justice. The Mitakshara branch of Hindu law disallowed a Hindu daughter from inheriting a share of the joint family fortune because she was only temporarily a member of her father's family before marrying into her husband's family. According to Islamic law, a man's inheritance portion is often double that of a woman who has the same degree of kinship to the deceased. According to Islamic law, the sole guardian of his minor child's person and property is the father.

The Hindu Marriage Act of 1955, the Hindu Succession Act of 1956, the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act of 1956, and the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act currently govern various communities in India.

Christians, Parsis, and Muslims are all subject to their own sets of legislation. There is no single common personal law that applies to all of a religion's followers. Laws vary from place to place, for instance, when it comes to Muslim marriage registration. In J&K (1981 Act), it was required; in Bengal and Bihar, it is not (both under the 1876 Act). One could argue that the Constitution's guarantee of equality is broken by the Personal Law system. Additionally, the Uniform Civil Code will serve as a tool for achieving intelligibility, clarity, and simplicity in personal legislation. In the Indian Young Lawyers Association v. State of Kerala(2006) , the Supreme Court in 2018 ruled that personal/customary law is covered by Article 13. No set of rules or customs has the right to assert supremacy over the Constitution and its goal of protecting the sanctity of equality, liberty, and dignity.

While the founders of the Constitution had hoped and anticipated that the State would work to ensure for the citizens a Uniform Civil Code throughout the territories of India, no action has been taken in this regard, the Supreme Court recently noted in Jose Paul Coutinho v. Maria Luiza(2010) .

In cases of inter-caste and inter-religious weddings, the protection of couples would be encouraged by personal legislation that was neutral toward religion. Any citizen may get married in a civil ceremony outside the purview of any particular faith or personal law according to laws like the Special Marriage Act of 1954.

Implementation of Uniform Civil Court

The international scenario.

Israel, Japan, France, and Russia are strong countries today because of their sense of unity, which we have yet to foster and promote. A uniform civil code, or for that matter, a uniform body of criminal or civil law, exists in nearly every country. All citizens, regardless of their religious convictions, are subject to the same secular laws in both the United States and the European Union. Islamic countries have a single set of sharia-based laws that apply to everyone, regardless of religion.

Important Points

1. "Rise of the Right": Hindu nationalists (BJP) assert that this framework of the Hindu Code's principles is gender-neutral and secular. BJP has been pushing for the legislation in Parliament and implementation of UCC was the first pledge made by the saffron party in its Lok Sabha election manifesto for 2019. Though the adoption of UCC is a directive notion under Article 44 of the Constitution , it was declared a question of public policy, according to the Ministry of Law and Justice .

2. "Neither required nor desirable": According to the 21st Law Commission, a unified civil code is "neither essential nor desirable at present", since 'diversity' cannot be equated with 'inequality'. In 2016, the Judiciary/Legal Commission created a 185-page document, reaffirming that diversity and plurality make up a country's cultural and social fabric. Instead of considering it as inequality "between" communities, they encouraged legislators to regard it as equality "within" communities between men and women. In the absence of agreement on UCC, diversity of personal law must be respected and maintained, and all individual laws must also be weighed.

3. Women's Movement and "Gender Equality": In India, women's rights are regularly disputed and denied, this can be addressed by the UCC.

Successful implementation of the UCC in Goa, Daman & Diu, and Uttarakhand

The Portuguese separately codified the local customs of Goa and Daman & Diu. These Portuguese laws (Portuguese Civil Code of 1867 etc.) were retained and altered by competent authorities upon the liberation of the Union Territory in 1961. Goa was the first state in India to provide a Uniform Civil Code, and is the only state in India with a common family law system – regardless of beliefs in Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, etc. In Goa, marriage is a legal contract between two individuals of different sexes to live together and start a family. Goans are regulated by laws forbidding marriage to spouses who are involved in murders etc.

Recently, the Chief Minister of Uttarakhand made an announcement that the state would adopt the Uniform Civil Code on March 24, 2022.

Contextual Issues relating to UCC

There are a few significant contextual issues regarding the Uniform Civil Code :

Legitimacy - The UCC may have been relevant in 1858 since the foreign colonial power may have been wary of religious and social customs, and required to quell sedition. Independent India, however, is an altogether different proposition, since 'sovereignty' is vested in the people. Hence, there's no restriction - external or internal - that can prevent the government from safeguarding the interests of all its citizens. With elections held periodically, the government is elected for the people, by the people, ensuring accountability at all costs. Seven successful decades of passing laws for the common good bear testimony to universal suffrage.

Minority v. Majority - Ironically, Hindus and Muslims alike have strong concerns about laws that violate their most fundamental beliefs, faith, rituals, and practices. Other communities also have concerns due to differences in their customs.

Gender Equality - Women get the raw end of the stick no matter whether you look at Hindu laws on inheritance, remarriage, and divorce; or the Muslim Shariat Law governing triple talaq, alimony, etc. The UCC aims to correct the wrongs of religious traditions in India.

Secularism - Some people view the UCC as a representation of secularism and social equality. However, those who have adhered to personal laws for individual religions their entire life may have a lot of adjusting to do. It's important for the government not to demoralize the people by confusing them into interpreting that uniformity is going against the traditions. Many contend that the UCC is not anti-secular and does not contravene Articles 25 and 26 of the Indian Constitution. Article 44 stipulates that there is no inescapable connection between religion and personal law in a civilized society. The right to religious freedom cannot grant the ability to exempt secular parts of religion from the application of the law.

Challenges in implementing UCC in India

The objective of having a level playing ground for all citizens regardless of religion, caste, creed, or gender is, without a doubt, a noble objective. The adoption of the Uniform Civil Code will bring in the simplification of laws that currently divide citizens based on religious views (e.g. the Hindu Code Bill, Sharia Law, etc.). Clearly, the UCC will usher in much-needed consistency in the complicated legislation of fundamental practices such as marriage ceremonies, inheritance, succession, and adoptions.

So, why is there so much resistance to the implementation of the Uniform Civil Code?

Consider this: On the one hand, the UCC will make a single set of rules for all citizens, which ought to eliminate the divisive forces that stem from religious beliefs. On the other hand, the very process of implementing the UCC will ruffle many feathers among religious bodies who consider it a callous overriding of their communal sentiments. Additionally, political parties with a vested interest in divided vote banks tend to play on the underlying insecurities and fuel overt rejection.

So far we have considered the attitudinal challenges that hinder the incorporation of the UCC. It should be mentioned that the steps involved in the very process of implementation of UCC are complex beyond imagination. A wide range of interests and sentiments must be taken into account even before laying out the blueprint for the UCC. The work of actually developing a set of laws that would govern all communities is highly difficult and time-consuming.

Additionally, the content of the UCC has not been made explicit. This opens up a grey area where minorities may start suspecting that it is a method of imposing the opinions of the majority on them. Lack of political will because of the sensitiveness and complexity of the matter.

The politicization of the UCC dispute is a result of the disparate personal laws practiced by many religious communities. Personal laws, according to UCC's detractors, stem from religious views. They argue that it is wise to avoid bothering them since doing so could lead to intense hostility and tension between different religious communities. Additionally, Articles 29 and 30 provide minorities in India, a secular nation, the freedom to practice their own religion, culture, and customs. They contend that using UCC will be in violation of these provisions.

Way Forward

The political climate and social milieu are key drivers of the acceptance and rejection of reforms. The Congress Party's dependence on minority vote banks makes them favour regressive religious dictates - even to the extent of making a mockery of justice by reversing the Court's judgment on alimony. Likewise, other parties such as Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) take political stances favouring the implementation of the UCC - even listing it in the BJP's 2019 election manifesto. However, the journey from intention to implementation is more difficult than anticipated.

Acceptance of the UCC calls for an objective mindset is required. India may be able to cultivate the much-needed open mind due to the unique demographic advantage of being one of the youngest populations in the world. Educating the youth can help them develop an informed understanding of the divisive forces that hamper UCC. Also, younger citizens are easier to reach through digital and mobile mediums, making it possible to run awareness campaigns on UCC.

Another significant association with the Youth Surge is 'expectations' - of the government and politicians living up to their promises and commitments. The sad lack of political will fuelled by religious sensitivity can potentially be overcome by an increasing political consciousness that politicians are actually being held accountable for their views. This may make them more responsive to the implementation of UCC.

Light at the end of the tunnel

2019 had seen a minor setback in the journey toward UCC as the 21st Law Commission of India stipulated that the task of examining different UCC-related concerns and offering suggestions was more of a Public Policy matter than a job for the court. However, recent developments have lifted the cloud, with the Chamber of Chief Justices giving the government three weeks to present a "comprehensive answer" to the UCC issue and proposing a measure to parliament. The Supreme Court has asked the government to systematically work towards a religiously neutral law or Uniform Civil Code by evaluating matters relating to marriage age, divorce, alimony and child support, adoption and guardianship, succession, and inheritance.

BJP leader's petitions supported a standard marriage age that was unaffected by gender or religion. A BJP leader filed a petition saying: "different minimum marriage age for men and women is based on patriarchal stereotypes and has no scientific foundation". Hence, the marriage age ought to be 21 for both genders, since different age specifications violate women's rights, gender equality, gender justice, and women's dignity, as well as Articles 14, 15, and 21 of the Constitution and international treaties. The All India Muslim Personal Law Commission firmly rejected the argument, noting that the BJP leader had submitted a comparable petition with his 2015 Unified Civil Code to the Supreme Court, which was later withdrawn with the option of appeal.

Yes, the healthy debate has continued. But the recent developments may just be the beginning of the end of the journey toward UCC.

[1] Essay on Uniform Civil Code, Available Here

[2] Mohd. Ahmed Khan v. Shah Bano Begum, 1985 AIR 1985 SC 945.

[3] Jayesh Rao, Implementation of Uniform Civil Code, Available Here

[4] What is Uniform Civil Code, Available Here

[5] Uniform Civil Code, Available Here

[6] Indian Young Lawyers Association v. State of Kerala, Writ Petition (Civil) No. 373 of 2006.

[7] Jose Paul Coutinho v. Maria Luiza, Civil Appeal 7378 of 2010.

[8] Krati, Uniform Civil Code, Available Here

[9] PTI, No Plan for the Committee to Implement UCC, Available Here

[10] What is Uniform Civil Code that is going to be implemented in Uttarakhand, Available Here

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Essay Writing on Uniform Civil Code (UCC) in English : Need and Challenges

Uniform Civil Code : Need & Challenges

Uniform Civil Code (UCC), inserted in Article 44 of the Costitution is a widely debated topic in India. Uniform Civil Cod is a proposed law in India to create and execute personal laws of citizens regardless of their gender, religion, caste or community. Article 44 of the Constitution directs the State to implement Uniform Civil Code throughout the territory of India. The primary objective of the Uniform Civil Code is to promote gender equality and national integration by bringing all personal laws under one umbrella.

India struggles with the idea of UCC due to the existence of different personal laws governing various aspects of life such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, adoption among others. These personal laws are based on religious texts and customs and differ from one community to another. This has resulted in discrimination against women and minority groups, who often receive unfair treatment under these laws.

ARGUMENTS IN FAVOUR OF UCC

A Uniform Civil Code would ensure that all citizens, irrespective of their religion or gender, are subjected to the same laws which would promote equality before law, gender equality, social justice and national unity. It would also bring an end to discriminatory practices such as triple talaq and polygamy, which are allowed under certain personal laws. It would also allow the modernization and reform of India's legal system. UCC can potentially reduce tensions and conflicts between different religions that arise due to differences in personal laws. The Supreme Court in various judgements has called for the implementation of the UCC. The most important one was Shah Bano Begum case of 1985, where a divorced muslim women demanded maintenance from her former husband and the apex court ruled in her favour.

There are concerns that a Uniform Civil Code would infringe on the religious and cultural rights of minorities and it may not be feasible given the diversity of the Indian society. There is a lack of consensus among the various religious and cultural communities in India on this issue. This makes it challenging to implement such a code. The issue of UCC is a highly sensitive and politicised issue and may be used as a political tool to target communities.

To conclude, the UCC debate in India is intricate and has various facets. The implementation of UCC is definitely desirable which will go a long way in promoting gender equality, social justice and strengthening the Indian nationhood. To ensure that UCC is perceived as just and equitable by all citizens, it is essential to consider diverse perspectives and needs of different groups and evolve a consensus.

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Uniform Civil Code Essay | Essay on Uniform Civil Code for Students and Children in English

uniform civil code essay 150 words

Uniform Civil Code Essay: Uniform Civil Code marks the state of equality in the country, meaning that every section of the society is treated alike, concerning the national civil code, without any discrepancy for any religion.

Many societal aspects are covered in this broad umbrella. They include areas like marriage, maintenance, adoption, divorce, inheritance, property succession and many others. The provision of a uniform civil code is one among the many promises made by the current ruling party of India, which is the Bharatiya Janata Party.

You can also find more  Essay Writing  articles on events, persons, sports, technology and many more.

Long and Short Essays on Uniform Civil Code for Students and Kids in English

We are providing students with essay samples on a long essay of 500 words and a short essay of 150 words on the topic “Uniform Civil Code” for reference.

Long Essay on Uniform Civil Code 500 Words in English

Long Essay on Uniform Civil Code is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

The term Uniform Civil Code, originating from the Sanskrit term Samāna Nāgrika Saṃhitā, is a promise of secularism in India by the Preamble. It is also a source of dispute for many minority communities, including the Muslims, and various other conservative groups of the Indian society. The conflict arises due to demands of personal law from these groups owing to some personal religious beliefs and rituals.

There is a provision in Article 44 of the Indian Constitution, within chapter IV named Directive Principles of State Policy that makes way for a condition for a uniform civil code in the entire geographical territory of India.

The historical perspective of this code dates back to the debates in the colonial period in the country. In October 1840, the Lex Locireport drew attention to the urgency of making a uniform law concerning crimes, pieces of evidence and so on.

The condition of women in the colonial period was inadequate. There were several social reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, who took essential steps for minimizing the plight of women. The struggle for uniform civil code had already begun then.

In the post-colonial era, this code became more prominent in the hands of eminent Indian leaders, like Dr B.R Ambedkar and Jawaharlal Nehru. This code also received the support of many women members of the then parliament. Irrespective of the severe criticisms that Dr B.R Ambedkar faced for his apparent dislike of upper castes, he pushed forward in his demand for a uniform civil code.

This code underwent several reforms in the time immemorial. Some of the significant reforms include the Hindu Code Bill that made divorces legal and made objections to polygamy, the succession act of1956 that made the daughters in the family an equal heir to ancestral property. Hindu marriage act, adoptions and maintenance act were some other reforms.

A case that is very intricately connected with uniform civil code is the Shah Bano case, in the year 1985. Shah Bano, a woman with 73years of age was a divorcee. Her husband used the triple talaq method. Apart from the divorce at such an age, she was also denied maintenance. When she moved to court, all the judgements came in her favour, and the demand for a uniform civil code strengthened.

You can now access more Essay Writing on Uniform Civil Code and many more topics.

As the Directive Principles of State Policy are not enforceable by courts, there has always been a lot of debate around the provision of uniform civil code. There exists a dualism in the constitution itself, as although it makes uniform civil code essential there is no way that this could be made mandatory.

There have been several arguments that are given in favour of this idea. With a uniform civil code, the country will make sure that the women receive more rights, the concept of secularism will cease to be a mere idea. Constitution will be able to implement it for each individual residing in the country.

Short Essay on Uniform Civil Code 150 Words in English

Short Essay on Uniform Civil Code is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

To have a more progressive and broadminded outlook in society, the requirement of a uniform law is essential. This idea of a unified direction for the country is the uniform civil code. It is a much-debated topic, and the task of actually establishing it in the society is not an easy one.

Numerous communities have raised the demand for a set of personal laws. But these laws are a loophole, which encourages age-old orthodox values. Since our constitution makes it essential that each citizen must receive equal treatment, it will only be possible if there are public laws only.

There are numerous challenges in the way of its implementation, like lack of political will, misinformation, etc. India is a country with innumerable communities and huge population. It is not possible to prioritize a particular community. So the establishment of a uniform civil code is crucial for the proper functioning of the society.

10 Lines on Uniform Civil Code Essay in English

1. Uniform civil code is a huge step forward in bringing the country together. 2. There is no way in which a uniform civil code will reduce the freedom of the citizens. 3. Uniform civil code will form a backbone in removing all forms of gender inequalities. 4. The constitution can abolish retrograde practices with this code. 5. In India, Goa is the only state to have established this code successfully. 6. A uniform civil code indicates a modern society. 7. This code will act in the best interest for all the communities. 8. A body of eminent jurists can maintain this code. 9. The implementation of this code is a sensitive topic in nature. 10. The need for awareness and sensitization programmes for this code is crucial.

FAQ’s on Uniform Civil Code Essay

Question 1. What are some reforms to uniform civil code?

Answer: Many cases and reforms have taken place for implementing this code: the Hindu code bill, the minority and guardianship act, special marriage act, succession act.

Question 2. What is the Sarla Mudgal case?

Answer: This case was crucial to the formulation of a uniform civil code. This case raised the question if a Hindu husband could practice polygamy if he embraced Islam.

Question 3. Will uniform civil code make the society modern?

Answer: Since this code looks forward to providing a unified law for the country, so it will be one crucial step to make the society modern.

Question 4.  Will this code limit freedom?

Answer: This code means every person is treated equally, so in no way it will limit freedom of the people.

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Uniform Civil Code Essay

Read Uniform Civil Code essay in English for students of class 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Know more about essay on Uniform Civil Code in English.

Uniform Civil Code Essay

Uniform Civil Code Essay 300 Words

Uniform Civil Code is a hot topic in India’s political discussion forums as many people are badly affected by the personal laws of their religions and communities and are therefore asking help from Supreme Court to support their fundamental rights of equality and liberty. So let’s first check out the meaning of the Uniform Civil Code. It implies to change the personal laws made many years ago on the basis of scriptures and traditions of different religious communities. These personal laws must be replaced with a common set of rules that preserves the equality and integrity of an individual.

Article 44 of the Indian constitution states -“The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India”, therefore many people especially women of Muslim society are knocking doors of the high command to help them restore their equality rights.

Here are some of the benefits of the Uniform Civil Code, let’s have a look at them:

Uniform Civil Code help the citizens acquire equal status in the society irrespective of their religion, caste, community, and gender. It also promotes gender equality as most of the personal laws are quite biased towards women. Usually, men are given higher preference than women in matters related to inheritance and succession, therefore uniform civil code helps encourage equality between both men and women. It also maintains national integration in the country as no special privileges will be offered to a particular set of people on the basis of their religion, community or gender.

Despite all the pros of uniform civil code, it is very difficult to achieve it due to the huge diversity in India. Also, people consider it as an encroachment to their religious assets and according to them, their religion and tradition come at stake when some common set of rules are implemented throughout the nation. So, in a nutshell, uniform civil code can only be achieved if the communities themselves realize its importance and start replacing their personal laws with common protocols that place every individual equally on the grounds of their rights and freedom.

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Essay on “Uniform Civil Code” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Uniform Civil Code

In almost all the countries there is one civil code for all the citizens. The basic ideology behind the formulation of a civil code is to end discrimination based on religion. It is a cruel fact that women are the worst victims of discrimination under personal laws. Though Muslin women are the worst affected under the Muslim personal law, yet it cannot be negated that women, Hindu, Muslim, Christian, and Sikh are virtually losers under the respective personal laws. Gender discrimination persists despite the constitutional prohibitation.

Article 44 of the Constitution says that the State shall Endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code, throughout the territory of India, yet it has continued to be a highly controversial issue and always politicized and communalized by the vested interests.

Since independence, we have been debating on the necessity of application of Uniform Civil Code for all the citizens, but even after 6 decades, we have this paradoxical situation to continue, where Indian citizens are discriminated on the basis of gender and religion.

On July 23, 2003, the Apex court pleaded for a Uniform Civil Code, while declaring Section 118 of the Indian Succession Act 1925 as unconstitutional, as it was arbitrary, irrational and violates the Article 14 of the constitution. Article 14 says that the State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.

Whenever the court impress upon the desirability of having one code, an acrimonious debate once again starts. The various political and religious leaders give arguments as per their political thoughts and religious fanatical approaches. It was a very paradoxical situation, when the constitutional makers had emphasized the necessity of own Uniform Civil Code, but the vested interests always opposed it for taking political mileage. This is not a weapon directed against any particular community or any minority community. It is simply a code which puts all the citizens equal before law, irrespective of caste, community, religion or gender.

No faith, no religion, can allow the discrimination based on gender. No secular state should allow the discrimination based on religion, community, gender. When our constitution guarantees the equality, then allowing discrimination against the women, is totally unlawful and unconstitutional. The time is ripe that all the political and religious leaders should come together, for the well being of all the people, to  come to consensus for adopting the Uniform Civil code for tall the citizens of the country.

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  1. Uniform Civil Code Essay

    We are providing students with essay samples on a long essay of 500 words and a short essay of 150 words on the topic "Uniform Civil Code" for reference. Long Essay on Uniform Civil Code 500 Words in English Long Essay on Uniform Civil Code is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

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    July 17, 2021 6 Min Read The Uniform Civil Code is based on the idea of one country, one code that applies to all faith groups. Part 4, Article 44 of the Indian Constitution specifically mentions the term "Uniform Civil Code."

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    The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) stands as a pivotal proposition in the context of legal and social reforms. Rooted in the constitutional fabric of nations like India, the UCC advocates for a uniform set of laws governing personal matters for all citizens, irrespective of their religious affiliations. This essay explores the need for such a code ...

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    1 Answer +1 vote answered Apr 4, 2023 by Chinmayapradhan (25.6k points) Uniform Civil Code : One Nation One Code. To have a more progressive and broadminded outlook in society, the requirement of a uniform law is essential. This idea of a unified direction for the country is the uniform civil code.

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    The Way Forward for UCC: Gradual Change Uniform Civil Code - UCC 9,298 A Uniform Civil Code means that all sections of the society irrespective of their religion shall be treated equally according to a national civil code, which shall be applicable to all uniformly.

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    With a view to achieve uniformity of law, its secularization and making it equitable and non-discriminatory, the Constitution contains Art.44 of the Directive Principles of State Policy which runs as follows; "The State shall endeavor to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India".

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    The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) calls for the formulation of one law for India, which would be applicable to all religious communities in matters such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, adoption. The code comes under Article 44 of the Constitution, which lays down that the state shall endeavour to secure a Uniform Civil Code for the citizens ...

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    Case Study: Triple Talaq The issue of triple talaq in Islamic personal law has been a subject of controversy. A Uniform Civil Code could eliminate practices like instant triple talaq, which have been deemed unfair and oppressive to women. Legal Uniformity A Uniform Civil Code would bring legal uniformity to the country.

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    A uniform civil code would ensure that all citizens of India are governed by the same set of secular civil laws in matters of marriage, divorce, maintenance, adoption, inheritance.

  13. Uniform Civil Code: Balancing Tradition and Modernity

    The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is a proposed legal framework in India that would codify and apply a set of uniform laws related to personal matters such as marriage, divorce, adoption, and inheritance to all citizens, regardless of their religion. The code comes under Article 44 of the Constitution, which lays down that the state shall endeavour ...

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    We are providing students with essay samples on a long essay of 500 words and a short essay of 150 words on the topic "Uniform Civil Code" for reference. Long Essay on Uniform Civil Code 500 Words in English Long Essay on Uniform Civil Code is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

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  17. Essay Writing on Uniform Civil Code (UCC) in English

    Uniform Civil Code (UCC), inserted in Article 44 of the Costitution is a widely debated topic in India. Uniform Civil Cod is a proposed law in India to create and execute personal laws of citizens regardless of their gender, religion, caste or community. Article 44 of the Constitution directs the State to implement Uniform Civil Code throughout the territory of India.

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    7 Pages Open Document Article 44 of the Indian Constitution expects from the State to codify and implement a Uniform Civil Code for all citizens of India. As it is a directive principle the Indian State should endeavor to codify and enforce it.

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    A uniform civil code would ensure that all citizens of India are governed by the same set of secular civil laws in matters of marriage, divorce, maintenance, adoption, inheritance, etc. Under the present set of laws, Hindus are bound by law to practice monogamy, whereas Muslims are not.

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    1 Answer +1 vote answered Apr 4, 2023 by Chinmayapradhan (25.6k points) Uniform Civil Code : One Nation One Code. The term Uniform Civil Code, originating from the Sanskrit term Samāna Nāgrika Saṃhitā, is a promise of secularism in India by the Preamble.