Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

Nancy Nelson , James R. King

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Research intodiscourse synthesisexamines the ways in which writers make use of, and transform, multiple other texts in writing their own. It is intertextual research that has blurred boundaries of various kinds, not only the boundary between the processes of reading and writing but also boundaries across disciplines as well as regions of the world. Guided by a cognitive constructivist perspective, this research into discourse synthesis drew at its origin—and continues to draw now—from multidisciplinary theoretical and empirical work. This article, which establishes the foundations for this research and traces its development, attends to writers' transformations of multiple source texts resulting from operations of organizing, selecting, and connecting. Studies into synthesis writing for varying academic tasks have shown that, by applying these operations to multiple textual sources, writers produce discourses that function as new texts in new contexts. Following a discussion of historical background, attention in this article goes to three major issues: the variation in synthesis associated with different academic genres; the kinds of insights into product and process that come from different research approaches; and the nature of new instructional approaches that emphasize elements of discourse synthesis. All facets of this research reveal continuity as well as change, the latter occurring, in large part, through contact and convergence of discourse synthesis research with related bodies of work. The conclusion, which centers on the notion of transformation, summarizes research conducted thus far and points to future directions.

Discourse synthesis Writing from sources Synthesis writing Reading-writing connections Academic writing Textual transformations Integrated assessment

10.1007/s11145-021-10243-5

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

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Reading and Writing

Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

Research into discourse synthesis examines the ways in which writers make use of, and transform, multiple other texts in writing their own. It is intertextual research that has blurred boundaries of various kinds, not only the boundary between the processes of reading and writing but also boundaries across disciplines as well as regions of the world. Guided by a cognitive constructivist perspective, this research into discourse synthesis drew at its origin—and continues to draw now—from multidisciplinary theoretical and empirical work. This article, which establishes the foundations for this research and traces its development, attends to writers' transformations of multiple source texts resulting from operations of organizing, selecting, and connecting. Studies into synthesis writing for varying academic tasks have shown that, by applying these operations to multiple textual sources, writers produce discourses that function as new texts in new contexts. Following a discussion of historical background, attention in this article goes to three major issues: the variation in synthesis associated with different academic genres; the kinds of insights into product and process that come from different research approaches; and the nature of new instructional approaches that emphasize elements of discourse synthesis. All facets of this research reveal continuity as well as change, the latter occurring, in large part, through contact and convergence of discourse synthesis research with related bodies of work. The conclusion, which centers on the notion of transformation, summarizes research conducted thus far and points to future directions.

Publisher URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11145-021-10243-5

DOI: 10.1007/s11145-021-10243-5

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Synthesis Tasks

  • Nina Vandermeulen

Nina Vandermeulen is a postdoctoral researcher at Umeå University. Her main research interests involve writing process research with keystroke logging, source-based writing, and feedback.

  • Elke Van Steendam

Elke Van Steendam is a professor at KU Leuven. Her research has a strong focus on language learning and instruction and writing research in its many facets. She specializes in three main research strands which are closely intertwined: the relation between the writing process and product and mediators and moderators defining that relationship both when writing individually and collaboratively, writing instruction and feedback, and writing assessment.

  • Gert Rijlaarsdam

Gert Rijlaarsdam is full professor at the University of Amsterdam. His research focuses on innovative language, literature and arts education, with a special interest in process studies, instructional design, observational learning and intervention studies.

Articles (11 in this collection)

Introduction to the special issue on synthesis tasks: where reading and writing meet.

  • Content type: EditorialNotes
  • Published: 13 December 2022
  • Pages: 747 - 768

Literacy in vocational education and training: scenario-based reading and writing education

Authors (first, second and last of 5).

  • Liana Konstantinidou
  • Karin Madlener-Charpentier
  • Joachim Hoefele
  • Content type: OriginalPaper
  • Open Access
  • Published: 22 October 2022
  • Pages: 1025 - 1052

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

Writing a synthesis versus reading: strategies involved and impact on comprehension

  • Núria Castells
  • Marta Minguela
  • Esther Nadal
  • Published: 20 August 2022
  • Pages: 849 - 880

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

Collaborative writing of argumentative syntheses by low-performing undergraduate writers: explicit instruction and practice

Authors (first, second and last of 6).

  • Miriam Granado-Peinado
  • Isabel Cuevas
  • Published: 12 June 2022
  • Pages: 909 - 936

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

The effect of communicative purpose and reading medium on pauses during different phases of the textualization process

  • Ángel Valenzuela
  • Ramón D. Castillo
  • Published: 03 June 2022
  • Pages: 881 - 908

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

  • Nancy Nelson
  • James R. King
  • Published: 24 January 2022
  • Pages: 769 - 808

Online interventions to help college students to improve the degree of integration of their argumentative synthesis

Authors (first, second and last of 4).

  • Ruth Villalón
  • Published: 11 January 2022
  • Pages: 937 - 963

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

Choosing how to plan informative synthesis texts: Effects of strategy-based interventions on overall text quality

  • Liselore van Ockenburg
  • Daphne van Weijen
  • Published: 19 November 2021
  • Pages: 997 - 1023

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

Source inclusion in synthesis writing: an NLP approach to understanding argumentation, sourcing, and essay quality

  • Scott Crossley
  • Danielle McNamara
  • Published: 11 November 2021
  • Pages: 1053 - 1083

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

Mapping multiple documents: From constructing multiple document models to argumentative writing

  • Sarit Barzilai
  • Danna Tal-Savir
  • Asnat R. Zohar
  • Published: 22 September 2021
  • Pages: 809 - 847

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

Learning science through argumentative synthesis writing and deliberative dialogues: a comprehensive and effective methodology in secondary education

  • Lidia Casado-Ledesma
  • Elena Martín
  • Published: 14 August 2021
  • Pages: 965 - 996

discourse synthesis textual transformations in writing from sources

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  2. 21 Great Examples of Discourse Analysis (2024)

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  3. How to Write a Synthesis Essay

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  4. Synthesis Essay Writing

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  5. How to Write a Synthesis Essay: Examples, Topics, & Synthesis Essay Outline

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VIDEO

  1. Narrative Discourse : An Introduction

  2. Poststructuralist Discourse Analysis: Video 3 (Collecting and selecting sources)

  3. How to write synthesis?? (Writing Guidelines) BA/BSW 3rd Year Compulsory English New Syllabus

  4. UNIT 4 Written Discourse (Group #8)

  5. Poststructuralist Discourse Analysis: Video 4 (Reading and coding)

  6. What is an Argument synthesis? BA/BSW 3rd Year Compulsory English New Syllabus

COMMENTS

  1. Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

    The focus of the article is the textual transformations that occur through what we have labeled discourse synthesis (Spivey, 1984; Spivey & King, 1989) but is also called synthesis writing —and, if writers use multiple texts as sources, is also called reading-to write and writing (or composing) from sources.

  2. Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

    Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources Authors: Nancy Nelson Louisiana State University James R. King University of South Florida Abstract Research into discourse...

  3. Discourse Synthesis: Textual Transformations in Writing from Sources

    Discourse Synthesis: Textual Transformations in Writing from Sources Nelson, Nancy; King, James R. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, v36 n4 p769-808 Apr 2023 Research into "discourse synthesis" examines the ways in which writers make use of, and transform, multiple other texts in writing their own.

  4. PDF Introduction to the special issue on synthesis tasks: where ...

    Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources. They provide us with their map of the terrain of research in synthesis composition and embed their review in a historical account. The review focuses on the process of 'construction meaning from texts for texts', which requires three operations: organizing, select-

  5. The Composing Process of College Students Writing from Sources

    This protocol study identifies college readers' purposeful behaviors when writing from sources, determines whether these behaviors cluster at identifiable stages in the reading-writing process, and determines whether proficient and less able readers' processes are the same.

  6. Discourse Synthesis: Creating Texts from Texts

    Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Discourse Synthesis: Creating Texts from Texts" by N. Spivey ... Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources. ... Reading and Writing. 2022; Research into discourse synthesis examines the ways in which writers make use of, and transform, multiple other texts in writing their own.

  7. PDF www.ijcer.net Writing Synthesis Texts: Effect of Synthesis Text Writing

    The author considers discourse synthesis as the process of comprehending and composing in which the writer uses cues from multiple texts to create meaning for the text written (Spivey, 1997, p. 146).

  8. Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

    Ackerman, J. M. (1991). Reading, writing, and knowing: The role of disciplinary knowledge in comprehension and composing. Research in the Teaching of English, 25(2), 133-178.

  9. PDF Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

    In acts of discourse synthesis, people, as writers and readers, draw from multi-ple textual sources to compose their own texts, which may be reports, arguments, essays, reviews, or any number of other kinds of discourse. In doing so, they trans-form the source material through operations of organizing, selecting, and connect-

  10. Transforming Texts: Constructive Processes in Reading and Writing

    To meet their discourse goals, writers perform textual transformations associated with the operations of organizing, selecting, and connecting as they appropriate source material for uses in different communicative contexts.

  11. Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

    Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources 来自 Springer 喜欢 0 阅读量: 17 作者: Nancy Nelson , James R. King 摘要: Research intodiscourse synthesisexamines the ways in which writers make use of, and transform, multiple other texts in writing their own.

  12. Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

    Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources Nancy Nelson, James R. King Published in Reading & Writing 24 January 2022 Linguistics Research into discourse synthesis examines the ways in which writers make use of, and transform, multiple other texts in writing their own.

  13. PDF Undergraduate ESL students' engagement in academic reading and writing

    Keywords: writing from sources, discourse synthesis, reading and writing connections, learning to write, task representation, Chinese undergraduate students ... Connecting refers to the textual transformation in which readers/writers interweave multiple source texts and connect them to their prior knowledge. Spivey (1997) demonstrated that ...

  14. Volume 36, Issue 4

    Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources Nancy Nelson James R. King OriginalPaper 24 January 2022 Pages: 769 - 808 Part of 1 collection: Synthesis Tasks Mapping multiple documents: From constructing multiple document models to argumentative writing Sarit Barzilai Danna Tal-Savir Asnat R. Zohar

  15. Discourse Synthesis: Process and Product

    Their work (Spivey, 1990 (Spivey, , 2001 Spivey & King, 1989) has revealed that writers transform a new representation of meaning through three processes: (a) selecting relevant content from...

  16. Cognitive Processes in Discourse Synthesis: The Case of Intertextual

    Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources Nancy Nelson James R. King Linguistics Reading and Writing 2022

  17. Transforming Texts: Constructive Processes in Reading and Writing

    To meet their discourse goals, writers perform textual transformations associated with the operations of organizing, selecting, and connecting as they appropriate source material for uses...

  18. Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources

    Research into discourse synthesis examines the ways in which writers make use of, and transform, multiple other texts in writing their own. It is intertextual research that has blurred boundaries of various kinds, not only the boundary between the processes of reading and writing but also boundaries across disciplines as well as regions of the world.

  19. Discourse synthesis in integrated second language writing assessment

    Abstract. As integrated tasks become more common in assessing writing for academic purposes, it is necessary to investigate how test takers approach these tasks. The present study explores the processes of test takers undertaking reading-to-write tasks developed for a university English placement exam. Think-aloud protocols and interviews of ...

  20. Providing Guided Practice in Discourse Synthesis

    In this article, the authors discuss the importance of the skill of synthesis in university-level writing. They outline specific challenges faced by students of English as a second language with synthesis as a writing skill. They then describe a lesson that they created for an English for academic purposes class for graduate students in the field of social work. Examples of texts are presented ...

  21. Introduction to the special issue on synthesis tasks: where ...

    Synthesis writing is a type of source-based writing that requires writers to synthesize the information from different sources into a new and meaningful text. A synthesis task is a cognitively demanding, so-called hybrid task (Spivey & King, 1989) as it involves both reading and writing activities that alternate throughout the process. When ...

  22. Synthesis Tasks

    Discourse synthesis: Textual transformations in writing from sources Authors. Nancy Nelson; James R. King; Content type: OriginalPaper ... Source inclusion in synthesis writing: an NLP approach to understanding argumentation, sourcing, and essay quality Authors (first, second and last of 4)

  23. A Theory of Discourse: The Aims of Discourse

    Readers are invited to sharpen their own perceptions through numerous, carefully planned end-of-chapter exercises, and through further reading in sources listed in chapter bibliographies. A Theory of Discourse is essential reading for scholars of rhetorical and discourse theory, and for teachers of writing and other communications skills.