Bhagat Singh

Bhagat Singh

(1907-1931)

Bhagat Singh was born in Punjab, India (now Pakistan), on September 27, 1907, to a Sikh family deeply involved in political activities. He quit school at thirteen to devote his life to Indian independence. He became involved in several violent demonstrations of political defiance and was arrested several times. Singh was found guilty of killing a British police officer and hanged on March 23, 1931.

Early Years

Born on September 27, 1907, to a Sikh family in Punjab, India (now Pakistan), Bhagat Singh was the second son of Kishan Singh and Vidya Vati. The family was steeped in nationalism and involved in movements for independence. At the time of Bhagat's birth, his father was in jail for political agitation.

Young Firebrand

In 1926, Bhagat Singh founded the 'Naujavan Bharat Sabha (Youth Society of India) and joined the Hindustan Republican Association (later known as Hindustan Socialist Republican Association), where he met several prominent revolutionaries. A year later, Singh’s parents planned to have him married, a move he vehemently rejected, and he left school.

By this time, Bhagat Singh had become a person of interest to the police, and in May 1927, he was arrested for allegedly being involved in a bombing the previous October. He was released several weeks later and began to write for various revolutionary newspapers. After receiving reassurances from his parents that they wouldn’t force him to marry, he returned to Lahore.

Radical Revolutionary

In 1928, the British government held the Simon Commission to discuss autonomy for the Indian people. Several Indian political organizations boycotted the event because the Commission had no Indian representatives. In October, Bhagat Singh’s comrade, Lala Lajpat Rai led a march in protest against the Commission. Police attempted to disburse the large crowd, and during the melee, Rai was injured by the superintendent of police, James A. Scott. Rai died of heart complications two weeks later. The British government denied any wrongdoing.

To avenge his friend’s death, Bhagat Singh and two others plotted to kill the police superintendent, but instead shot and killed police officer John P. Saunders. Singh and his fellow conspirators escaped arrest despite a massive search to apprehend them.

In April 1929, Bhagat Singh and an associate bombed the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi to protest implementation of the Public Safety Bill. The bombs they carried allegedly were not intended to kill but to scare (no one was killed, though there were some injuries). The bombers planned to get arrested and stand trial so they could further promote their cause.

Arrest and Trial

The actions of the young revolutionaries was soundly condemned by followers of Gandhi, but Bhagat Singh was delighted to have a stage on which to promote his cause. He offered no defense during the trial but disrupted the proceedings with rants of political dogma. He was found guilty and sentenced to life in prison.

Through further investigation, the police discovered the connection between Bhagat Singh and the murder of Officer Saunders and he was rearrested. While awaiting trial, he led a hunger strike in prison. Eventually, Singh and his co-conspirators were tried and sentenced to hang. He was executed on March 23, 1931. It is said that he kissed the hangman’s noose before it was placed around his neck. His death brought mixed emotions throughout India. Followers of Gandhi felt that he was too radical and hurt the quest for freedom, while his supporters considered him a martyr. Singh remains a significant, though controversial, figure in India’s independence movement.

QUICK FACTS

  • Name: Bhagat Singh
  • Birth Year: 1907
  • Birth date: September 27, 1907
  • Birth City: Punjab
  • Birth Country: British India (now Pakistan)
  • Gender: Male
  • Best Known For: Considered to be one of the most influential revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement, Bhagat Singh gave his life for this cause.
  • World Politics
  • Astrological Sign: Virgo
  • Dayanand Anglo Vedic High School And National College
  • Nacionalities
  • Interesting Facts
  • At age 13, Bhagat Singh quit school to become a revolutionary.
  • Occupations
  • Political Activist
  • Death Year: 1931
  • Death date: March 23, 1931
  • Death City: Lahore
  • Death Country: British India (now Pakistan)

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  • Article Title: Bhagat Singh Biography
  • Author: Biography.com Editors
  • Website Name: The Biography.com website
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  • Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
  • Last Updated: August 14, 2019
  • Original Published Date: May 7, 2015
  • Every tiny molecule of Ash is in motion with my heat I am such a Lunatic that I am free even in Jail.
  • Any man who stands for progress has to criticize, disbelieve and challenge every item of the old faith.
  • The sanctity of law can be maintained only so long as it is the expression of the will of the people.

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About Bhagat Singh

Bhagat Singh was born on September 27, 1907, in the village of Banga near Lyallpur district in Punjab, British India. He was an Indian freedom fighter who is considered to be one of the most influential revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement. Bhagat Singh joined the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) at a young age and became involved in revolutionary activities. He participated in several acts of sabotage against British institutions, including an attempt to bomb the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi. In 1929, he and two other activists were convicted of assassinating John Saunders, a British police officer. Singh was executed by hanging on March 23, 1931, at Lahore jail at the age of 23. Despite his short life, Bhagat Singh left a lasting legacy in the struggle for Indian independence. He is revered by many as a martyr and symbol of resistance to British colonialism in India. His example continues to inspire new generations of activists worldwide.

Why is it Important to read Bhagat Singh's Biography?

Bhagat Singh's life is an inspiration to all those who fight for justice and against oppression. He was a brave young man who dedicated his life to the struggle for Indian independence. His story is a reminder that even in the face of great adversity, it is possible to achieve victory. Bhagat Singh's biography provides insight into the mind of a revolutionary and offers encouragement to those who are fighting for change today. It is an important read for anyone interested in history, politics, or human rights activism. He was loved and respected by the people of India, who continue to honor his memory.

Bhagat Singh's life was cut short at a young age, but he left behind an enduring legacy that continues to inspire new generations around the world today. His story is unforgettable for anyone interested in history or human rights activism. He fought against oppression with all his might until his death at 23 years old, leaving behind a lasting impact on Indian society during its struggle for independence from British rule. Bhagat Singh Biography provides valuable insight into the mind of a revolutionary leader whose passion will live forever in history books worldwide. It belongs on every bookshelf next to biographies of other influential figures such as Mahatma Gandhi and Nelson Mandela. The importance of reading Bhagat Singh's biography cannot be overstated.

What are Some of the Key Events in Bhagat Singh's Biography?

Some of the key events in Bhagat Singh's biography include:

Born on September 27, 1907, in Banga

Joined Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) at a young age

Participated in several acts of sabotage against British institutions, including an attempt to bomb the Central Legislative Assembly.

How did Bhagat Singh influence the Indian Independence Movement?

Bhagat Singh had a great impact on the Indian independence movement due to his participation in various activities that led India towards its freedom from colonial rule. His involvement with revolutionary groups resulted in him being jailed for various crimes, but he continued his activism even behind bars through writing and publishing newspapers aimed at spreading nationalist sentiments among people all over India. He was executed by hanging when he was 23 years old after leading an unsuccessful plot to kill a British police officer who ordered a lathi charge on Lala Lajpat Rai, who was protesting colonial policies at the time. This murder had a major impact on Indian society and brought Bhagat Singh to national attention as a revolutionary hero of India's independence movement.

What is included in Bhagat Singh's biography?

Bhagat Singh's biography covers his upbringing in Punjab, his involvement with revolutionary groups throughout his teenage years, and the significant impact he had on India's struggle for independence. It details his trial when he was charged with the murder of John P. Saunders, a British police officer, as well as his life in prison leading up to his execution at Lahore jail when he was 23 years old. Throughout it all, Bhagat Singh remained strong in defense of Indian independence even in the face of great adversity.

How is Bhagat Singh's Biography useful?

Bhagat Singh's biography is both informative and entertaining to read; full of events that shaped him into becoming an influential figure during India's push for independence from British rule. While it is useful for researchers and historians, anyone interested in politics or Indian history can benefit from reading an in-depth account of the life of a revolutionary icon whose passion lives on through his legacy and impact on India's independence movement.

Some of Bhagat Singh's Most Notable Accomplishments include:

Joining the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) at a young age and becoming involved in revolutionary activities

Participating in several acts of sabotage against British institutions, including an attempt to bomb the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi

Being convicted of assassinating John Saunders, a British police officer, for which he was hanged at the age of 23

Being elected as the president of the HSRA shortly before being executed.

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FAQs on Bhagat Singh Biography

1. What is the Best Part about Bhagat Singh's Biography?

The best thing about Bhagat Singh's biography is that it details his life in prison, trial, and execution by hanging. It is a fascinating read for anyone interested in Indian history or acti

2. Why is Bhagat Singh's Biography inspiring?

Bhagat Singh's biography inspires people all over the world because of his passion for freeing India from colonial rule through revolutionary activity despite being imprisoned on multiple occasions even before he was hanged at the age of 23. This makes him stand out as an influential figure within the Indian independence movement who remains relevant to this day through publications about his life and impact on India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule in the early 20th century.

3. How does Bhagat Singh's Biography educate Readers?

Through reading Bhagat Singh's biography, readers are educated about the Indian independence movement as it gained momentum in the early 20th century. In particular, they can learn what happened to India as a result of British rule and how people like Bhagat Singh fought for Indian freedom from colonial rule through revolutionary measures.

4. What is a Summary of Bhagat Singh's Biography?

The summary of Bhagat Singh's biography is a brief overview of his life and impact on India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule in the early 20th century. It covers everything from Bhagat Singh joining revolutionary groups, participating in acts of sabotage against various British institutions, being hanged as a result of assassinating John Saunders, to speaking up about social inequality as a result of colonialism even while he was imprisoned.

5. In What Order should I read Bhagat Singh's Biography?

To set the stage for reading an in-depth account about the life and activism of Bhagat Singh, it is best to start by familiarizing yourself with India's push for independence during British colonial rule through our section that details this topic thoroughly, followed by an article about the British Raj and how it impacted the Indian people. Once you have a basic understanding of India's struggle for independence from British rule, you can begin reading Bhagat Singh's Biography to learn about his life as a revolutionary figure during this time period.

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Bhagat Singh Biography: Birth, Age, Education, Jailterm, Execution, and More About Shaheed-e-Azam

Bhagat singh biography: bhagat singh was a revolutionary freedom fighter who was hanged to death by the britishers at the age of 23 years. his early execution made him a national hero of the indian freedom struggle. on his 91st death anniversary, jagran josh takes a look at his life. .

Arfa Javaid

"If someone else would have done this, I would not consider him less than a traitor..." , Bhagat Singh in a letter to his father, who sent an application to the Special Tribunal defending his son in the Lahore case. 

Bhagat Singh was a revolutionary freedom fighter who was hanged to death by the Britishers at the age of 23 years . His early execution made him a national hero of the Indian freedom struggle against colonial rule. Fondly called Shaheed Bhagat Singh, many consider him one of the earliest Marxists of India. 

Remembering Shaheed Bhagat Singh on his birth anniversary. His sacrifice and unwavering dedication to the cause of India’s freedom continue to inspire generations. A beacon of courage, he will forever be a symbol of India's relentless fight for justice and liberty. pic.twitter.com/cCoCT8qE43 — Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) September 28, 2023
भगत सिंह जी ने जहाँ एक ओर अपनी देशभक्ति से विदेशी हुकूमत को घुटने पर लाने का काम किया, वहीं दूसरी ओर अपने विचारों से स्वतंत्रता के संघर्ष में अलग-अलग बँटे भारत को एक करने का काम किया। देश की आजादी के लिए हँसते-हँसते फाँसी पर झूलने वाले भगत सिंह जी के सर्वोच्च बलिदान से पूरे भारत… pic.twitter.com/WugXE1R151 — Amit Shah (@AmitShah) September 28, 2023

Bhagat Singh Biography

Who was bhagat singh.

Born on 28 September 1907 in Lyallpur, western Punjab, India (present-day Pakistan) in a Sikh family, Bhagat Singh was the second son of Kishan Singh Sandhu and Vidya Vati. His grandfather Arjan Singh, father Kishan Singh and uncle Ajit Singh were actively involved in the Indian independence movement.

It is said that when Bhagat Singh was born, his father and two uncles were behind bars for taking part in the agitation around the Canal Colonization Bill in 1907. 

After studying in a village school for a couple of years, he attended an Anglo-Vedic school in Lahore , operated by Arya Samaj.  In 1923, he was admitted to the National College in Lahore which was founded by the Indian Independence activist Lala Lajpat Rai. The college which was established two years ago was in line with Mahatma Gandhi’s call for non-cooperation to shun schools and colleges subsidised by the British government. 

Revolutionary Deeds of Bhagat Singh 

The killing of police officer john saunders.

Simon Commission was established by the British Government to report the political situation in India. The Commission headed by Sir John Simon was boycotted as no Indian was a part of it.  

On 30 October 1928, the Commission visited Lahore. Lala Lajpat Rai led a silent march against it. In a bid to disperse the demonstrators, the Superintendent of Police, James A. Scott, ordered a lathi charge in which Rai was grievously injured. Rai died of a heart attack on 17 November 1928. 

To avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai, Bhagat Singh along with two other two revolutionaries, Sukhdev and Rajguru , plotted to kill the Superintendent of Police . However, in case of mistaken identity, Bhagat Singh killed British Police Officer John Saunders when he was leaving the District Police Headquarters in Lahore on 17 December 1928.

Soon after this, a massive search operation was launched and Bhagat Singh had to flee from Lahore, and shave his head and beard to avoid recognition. 

While Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi condemned the violent act committed by Bhagat Singh former Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru noted:

The Bombing of Central Assembly Hall

Some famous quotes of bhagat singh.

  • “They may kill me, but they cannot kill my ideas. They can crush my body, but they will not be able to crush my spirit."
  •  "Revolution is an inalienable right of mankind. Freedom is an imperishable birthright of all."
  • “But man's duty is to try and endeavour, success depends upon chance and environments.”
  • “Philosophy is the outcome of human weakness or limitation of knowledge.”
  • “Merciless criticism and independent thinking are the two necessary traits of revolutionary thinking.”
  • "I am a man and all that affects mankind concerns me."
  • "If the deaf is to hear, the sound has to be very loud."
  • “A rebellion is not a revolution. It may ultimately lead to that end.”
  •  “The aim of life is no more to control the mind, but to develop it harmoniously; not to achieve salvation hereafter, but to make the best use of it here below.”
  • "Any man who stands for progress has to criticize, disbelieve and challenge every item of the old faith."

Assembly case trial, jail term, and execution

Post a preliminary hearing in May, the trial in the case began in the first week of June. On June 12, both Singh and Dutt were sentenced to life imprisonment for causing explosions of a nature likely to endanger life, unlawfully and maliciously. 

In 1929, his associates Sukhdev, Kishori Lal, and Jai Gopal were arrested  in connection with setting up bomb factories in Lahore and Saharanpur. As the investigation in the case furthered, the police connected the dots of  Saunders murder, Assembly bombing, and bomb manufacture. 

Bhagat Singh who considered himself as a political prisoner, along with others, noted the discrimination between the European and the Indin prisoners. The political prisoners demanded equality in food standards, clothing, toiletries, and other hygienic necessities, as well as access to books and a daily newspaper.

Singh along with other prisoners underwent a hunger strike. Failed attempts were made to break the strike by the government. With the nationwide popularity of the hunger strike, the government decided to advance the Lahore Conspiracy Case Singh was transported to Bostal Jail in Lahore and the trial began on 10 July 1929.  

Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev were hanged to death in Lahore Conspiracy Case on 23 March 1931 at 7:30 pm.

Get here current GK and GK quiz questions in English and Hindi for India , World, Sports and Competitive exam preparation. Download the Jagran Josh Current Affairs App .

  • At what age did Bhagat Singh die? + Bhagat Singh was hanged to death at the age of 23 years.
  • Why Bhagat Singh was hanged to death? + Bhagat Singh was hanged to death on 23 March 1991 in Lahore Conspiracy Case.
  • Who was Bhagat Singh? + Bhagat Singh was a revolutionary freedom fighter who was executed by hanging by Britishers at the age of 23 years. His execution at an early age made him a national hero of the Indian freedom struggle against British colonial rule. He is fondly known as Shaheed Bhagat Singh.
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biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Bhagat Singh Jayanti, Biography, History, Revolutionary Activities

Bhagat Singh born in September 28, 1907 was an Indian revolutionary freedom fighter. Know all about Bhagat Singh Jayanti, Biography, Death and Important Facts for UPSC & Other government exams.

Bhagat Singh

Table of Contents

Bhagat Singh History

Bhagat Singh (1907-1931) was a charismatic Indian revolutionary who is considered one of the most famous and iconic figures in the Indian independence movement. He was a staunch advocate of socialist and communist ideals, and he believed in using violence to achieve independence from British rule.

Bhagat Singh is considered one of the most influential nationalist leaders of the Indian Independence movement . Bhagat Singh is often referred to as ‘Shaheed’ Bhagat Singh. The word ‘Shaheed’ means a martyr. “If the deaf are to hear, the sound has to be very loud. When we dropped the bomb, it was not our intention to kill anybody, we have bombed the British Government, British must quit India and make it free.” Bhagat Singh said this after the Assembly Bombing. If you are interested to know about Bhagat Singh in detail you can refer to this article.

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Bhagat Singh Jayanti

Bhagat Singh Jayanti, also known as Shaheed Bhagat Singh’s birth anniversary, is observed on September 28th every year. It commemorates the birth anniversary of Bhagat Singh, a prominent freedom fighter of India and revolutionary in India’s struggle for independence from British colonial rule. On this day, people across India pay tribute to his courage, patriotism, and sacrifice for the nation. Various events, seminars, and cultural programs are organized to remember his legacy and the ideals he stood for. Bhagat Singh’s contributions to the independence movement continue to inspire generations of Indians.

Bhagat Singh Important Facts

All those who stand up for justice and struggle against injustice might find inspiration in Bhagat Singh’s life. At a very young age, he devoted his entire life was devoted to the fight for India’s Independence. Bhagat Singh’s History is a reminder that success is still attainable even in the face of extreme adversity. The biography of Bhagat Singh offers inspiration to people battling for change today and offers a glimpse into the revolutionary’s mentality. Check the Overview of the Life of Bhagat Singh below in the table:

Bhagat Singh Biography

One of the most important revolutionaries in the Indian Nationalist Movement is Bhagat Singh. On September 28, 1907, Kishan Singh and Vidyavati gave birth to Bhagat Singh in Banga, Lyallpur District (now Pakistan). When he was born, his uncles Ajit and Swaran Singh, as well as his father Kishan Singh, were all imprisoned for protesting the 1906 Colonization Bill. Being raised in a politically conscious household where his family supported the Ghadar Party, young Bhagat Singh developed a sense of patriotism.

Bhagat Singh started supporting Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement at a very young age. Bhagat Singh openly resisted the British and carried out Gandhi’s request by setting fire to publications that were sponsored by the government. In fact, he quit school altogether to enrol in Lahore’s National College. The 1919 Jallianwala Bagh Massacre and the 1921 murder of unarmed Akali demonstrators at the Nankana Sahib both occurred when he was a teenager, and both events strongly influenced his patriotic viewpoint.

Bhagat Singh’s family adhered to the Gandhian philosophy of using non-violence to achieve Swaraj, and for a while, he also backed the Indian National Congress and the objectives of the Non-Cooperation Movement . After the Chauri Chaura Incident , Gandhi demanded that the movement against non-cooperation be abandoned. Bhagat Singh disassociated himself from Gandhi’s nonviolent effort because of the choice and joined the Young Revolutionary Movement instead. Thus began his career as the most well-known proponent of a bloody uprising against the British Raj.

The Naujawan Bharat Sabha was established in March 1925, with Bhagat Singh serving as its secretary, and was motivated by nationalist movements in Europe. In addition, Bhagat Singh joined the radical Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), which he eventually renamed the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) with fellow revolutionaries Chandra Shekhar Azad and Sukhdev.

Bhagat Singh Biography Video Explanation

Bhagat singh freedom fighters revolutionary activities.

Bhagat Singh’s political activism began in earnest during the 1920s. He was involved in a number of protests and demonstrations against British rule, and he also participated in several armed robberies to fund the HSRA’s activities.

Bhagat Singh’s early actions consisted primarily of penning critical articles against the British government and printing and distributing leaflets explaining the fundamentals of a violent insurrection with the goal of overthrowing the government. To protest the Simon Commission’s arrival, Lala Lajpat Rai led an all-parties parade that marched toward the Lahore train station on October 30, 1928.

To stop the protesters from moving forward, the police used a violent lathi charge. The revolutionaries were not able to recognize J.P. Saunders who was Assistant Superintendent of Police, they thought that he was a Scott and killed him instead. Bhagat Singh quickly left Lahore in order to avoid getting caught. To avoid being recognized, he shaved his beard and cut his hair, violating the core values of Sikhism.

Bhagat Singh and Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA)

  • Bhagat Singh was a prominent revolutionary in India’s fight for independence, closely aligned with the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).
  • Joining the HSRA in his youth, Singh was drawn to its militant approach against British colonial rule.
  • Notable members included Sukhdev Thapar and Shivaram Rajguru.
  • Bhagat Singh and his associates became infamous for actions such as the Saunders killing, seeking revenge for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai, and the Central Legislative Assembly bombing to protest repressive laws.
  • Their hunger strike in prison gained widespread support.
  • Executed by the British in 1931, Singh’s martyrdom remains an enduring symbol of courage and sacrifice in India’s struggle for freedom.

Bhagat Singh and Assassination of J.P. Saunders

  • Bhagat Singh and his compatriot Rajguru assassinated J.P. Saunders in 1928 to avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai during a protest against the Simon Commission.
  • Mistakenly identifying Saunders as the responsible police officer, they shot him dead in Lahore.
  • This act marked a significant turning point in India’s struggle for independence and propelled Singh and his associates into the national spotlight, as they openly dared to challenge British colonial rule.

Central Assembly Bombing Case

  • Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt exploded a bomb in Delhi’s Central Assembly on April 8, 1929, from the Visitors’ Gallery.
  • They also raised pro-revolutionary banners and threw leaflets.
  • Because they planned to utilize the trial as a platform to propagate their message of revolution and anti-imperialism, neither revolutionary resisted being taken into custody.
  • Throughout the entire arrest, they screamed “Inquilab Zindabad” slogans.
  • The phrase gained a lot of traction with young people and many liberation warriors.
  • They never intended to hurt anyone physically, thus there were no casualties in the incident.
  • Their claimed objective was “to make the deaf hear.” Auguste Valliant, a French anarchist who was hanged by France for a similar incident in Paris, served as inspiration for Bhagat Singh, the incident’s mastermind.
  • Both Singh and Dutt received life sentences in jail after being found guilty in the incident’s trial.
  • At this point, Bhagat Singh had also been connected to the JP Saunders murder case.
  • He was charged with the murder of Saunders together with Rajguru and Sukhdev.

Dr.Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Biography

1929 Assembly Incident Trial

  • The violent protest was met with harsh criticism from the political body.
  • In response, Singh said, “Force, when used violently, is ‘violence’ and is, thus, morally indefensible, but when it is used in support of a righteous cause, it has its moral legitimacy.
  • Trial proceedings began in May, with Singh attempting to represent himself and Batukeshwar Dutt being represented by Afsar Ali.
  • The explosions’ malevolent and illegal motive was cited by the court in its decision in favour of a life sentence.

Lahore Conspiracy Case and Trial

  • Three people, Hans Raj Vohra, Jai Gopal, and Phanindra Nath Ghosh, turned government approvers, which resulted in a total of 21 arrests, including those of Sukhdev, Jatindra Nath Das, and Rajguru.
  • The police raided the HSRA bomb factories in Lahore shortly after the sentencing and detained several well-known revolutionaries.
  • For the murder of Assistant Superintendent Saunders, the making of bombs, and the Lahore Conspiracy case, Bhagat Singh was detained once again.
  • On the orders of the Viceroy, Lord Irwin, a special tribunal made up of Justices J. Coldstream, Agha Hyder, and G. C. Hilton was established on May 1st, 1930 due to the sluggishness of the legal proceedings.
  • The tribunal had the authority to conduct the trial without the presence of the defendant, and it was a biased trial that rarely followed the standard legal rights principles.

Hunger Strike by Bhagat Singh

  • When Bhagat Singh was sent to the Central Jail Mianwali from the Delhi jail he witnessed discrimination between the Indian and European Prisoners.
  • He considered himself as a political prisoner.
  • He organized a hunger strike on behalf of fellow political prisoners from India who he believed were being treated like normal criminals.
  • They wanted access to literature and a daily newspaper, as well as equality in access to food standards, clothing, toiletries, and other hygiene essentials.
  • They contended that they shouldn’t be made to perform manual labour or any other inhumane tasks while incarcerated.
  • Around June 1929, the public began to support Bhagat Singh and his colleagues more due to the hunger strike.
  • After a 63-day hunger strike, Jatindra Nath Das passed away on September 13, 1929.
  • Nearly all of the nation’s nationalist leaders paid respects to Jatin Das.
  • In response, Gopi Chand Bhargava and Mohammad Alam withdrew from the Punjab Legislative Council.
  • Nehru also successfully sponsored an adjournment motion in the Central Assembly to denounce the “inhumane treatment” of the Lahore captives.
  • Bhagat Singh finally ended the hunger strike after 116 days on October 5, 1929.
  • During this time, Singh was well-liked outside of Punjab among ordinary Indians.

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Bhagat Singh Thoughts and Opinions

Bhagat Singh’s sense of patriotism had been embedded in him since a very young age. He was raised to value nationalism and yearned for an independent India free from British rule. He developed a socialist outlook after reading a lot of European literature and developing a great desire for a democratic future for his beloved nation. Bhagat Singh was born a Sikh, but after seeing numerous Hindu-Muslim riots and other religious upheavals, he began to lean toward atheism.

Bhagat Singh thought that in order to attain something as precious as Independence, imperialism’s exploitative aspect needed to be completely eradicated. According to his opinion, only an armed revolution along the lines of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia could bring about such transformation. He coined the phrase “Inquilab Zindabad,” which eventually became the war cry of the campaign for Indian independence.

Bhagat Singh Death

Bhagat Singh’s death On March 23, 1931, at 7:30 in the morning, his friends Rajguru and Sukhdev were hanged at the Lahore Jail Bhagat Singh’s death age was 23 years. He was born on September 28, 1907, and was executed on March 23, 1931. They allegedly shouted their favourite slogans, such as “Inquilab Zindabad” and “Down with British Imperialism,” as they marched joyfully to the execution location. On the bank of the Sutlej River.

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Bhagat Singh Legacy

Bhagat Singh was the perfect role model for the youth of his period because of his passionate patriotism and developed idealism. He became the voice of his generation through his criticism of the British Imperial Government in writing and speech. Numerous people have questioned his dramatic departure from Gandhi’s non-violent path to Swaraj, yet with his daring embrace of martyrdom, he encouraged hundreds of teenagers and young adults to fully engage in the freedom movement.

Bhagat Singh’s legacy is complex and contested. He is revered by many Indians as a national hero and a symbol of the struggle for independence. However, he is also criticized for his use of violence and his association with the HSRA, which was responsible for several other acts of violence against British officials and civilians.

Despite the controversies surrounding his legacy, there is no doubt that Bhagat Singh was a charismatic and influential figure who played a significant role in the Indian independence movement. His life and work continue to inspire generations of Indians who are fighting for social justice and equality.

Explore the page to uncover the untold stories for Other Famous Personalities Biography and gain insights into the profound impact they have had on the world. Check here this link: Biographies of Famous Personalities .

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Bhagat Singh Jayanti FAQs

Why bhagat singh is famous.

Bhagat Singh was an Indian revolutionary freedom fighter who was hanged to death by British colonisers at the age of 23 years. Fondly known as 'Shaheed (martyr) Bhagat Singh', he is considered a national hero of India's freedom struggle against colonial rule.

What is Bhagat Singh real name?

His real name was Bhagat Singh but he was also known as Shaheed-e-Azam.

Why did Gandhi not save Bhagat?

Gandhi, who advocated for nonviolence, disagreed with Bhagat Singh and his allies' use of violence to obtain freedom. That didn't imply Gandhi supported hanging Bhagat Singh and his pals insinually.

Who was better Gandhi or Bhagat Singh?

Bhagat Singh engaged in a revolutionary armed fight laced with violence against the British government, while Mahatma Gandhi led a civil disobedience movement based on the values of nonviolence and satyagraha. Despite having different philosophies and worldviews, each has the same goal.

What's the slogan of Bhagat Singh?

One of Bhagat Singh's most famous slogans is "Inquilab Zindabad."

What is the bhagat singh death age?

Bhagat Singh died at the age of 23. He was born on September 28, 1907, and was executed on March 23, 1931.

Give me a Brief information about Bhagat Singh.

Bhagat Singh (28 September 1907 – 23 March 1931) was an Indian revolutionary who challenged British rule of India. He is considered to be one of the most important figures in the Indian independence movement. In 1928, Bhagat Singh and other HRA members assassinated John Saunders, a British police officer. They were convicted of murder and sentenced to death. Singh was hanged on 23 March 1931 at the age of 23.

What is bhagat singh date of birth and death?

Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907, and died on March 23, 1931.

Infosys Narayana Murthy, Biography, Career and Philanthropy

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biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Shaheed Bhagat Singh: Biography, Contributions, and Legacy

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

The Prime Minister of India paid tributes to legendary revolutionary Shaheed Bhagat Singh on his birth anniversary on 28th September.

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

  • The Prime Minister of India paid tributes to legendary revolutionary Shaheed Bhagat Singh on his birth anniversary on 28 th September.

Who was Shaheed Bhagat Singh ?

Shaheed Bhagat Singh was an Indian nationalist and revolutionary who laid down his life in the quest for India’s freedom from British rule.

Bhagat Singh

Shaheed Bhagat Singh: The Revolutionary Activist’s Early Life and Influences

  • Born : He was born on 27 September 1907 in the village of  Banga  in the Lyallpur district of today’s Pakistan Punjab.
  • Parents : He was the second son of Kishan Singh Sandhu and Vidya Vati. 
  • Education : He studied at the  Dayanand Anglo-Vedic School  in Lahore and in 1923, joined Lala Lajpat Rai’s National College in Lahore.
  • Political Exposure :His father and uncle were active in progressive politics, taking part in the agitation Canal Colonization Bill agitation in 1907, and also the  Ghadar Movement . 
  • Influence : Shaheed Bhagat Singh was deeply influenced by British atrocities , especially the killing of innocents in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre .

Shaheed Bhagat Singh: Role in India’s Freedom Struggle and Advocacy for Social Reforms

  • He founded Naujawan Bharat Sabha in 1926 to encourage revolution against British rule by rallying the peasants and workers. He was also associated with the Kirti Kisan Party .  
  • Protest against British: In early years, He defied the British government by burning its recommended textbooks. He was also a supporter of Gandhiji’s Non Cooperation Movement .
  • HSRA believed that Scott was responsible for the killing of nationalist icon Lala Lajpat Rai in a lathi charge.
  • Bombing of Central Legislative Assembly: He and Batukeshwar Dutt exploded homemade bombs at the  Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi and showered pamphlets containing their message. They surrendered to the police.
  • Hunger Strike in Jail: Shaheed Bhagat Singh, along with Jatin Das , held a hunger strike demanding better prison conditions for Indian prisoners .
  • Social Reforms: Socialism and Secularism were two most important reforms propagated by Singh. He realized that British imperialism thrived on divide and rule methods to sustain.

Shaheed Bhagat Singh’s Political Ideology: Influences, Vision for Society, and Stance on Religion

  • Singh also approved the thoughts of members of Gadar Party , such as Kartar Singh Sarbha and Bhai Parmanand.
  • He also opposed Capitalism and Imperialism . 
  • He was a vivid follower of Marxism and Leninism . He sought to establish a socialist and communist society in India.
  • Religion : Shaheed Bhagat Singh considered himself to be an atheist . Religious riots forced him to question religion. He believed religion acted as a hindrance in the revolutionaries’ struggle for independence.

Shaheed Bhagat Singh: The Controversial Trial and Contested Execution

  • Shaheed Bhagat Singh, along with Sukhdev and Rajguru , was hanged in March 1931 at Lahore. 
  • The sentence was supposed to be carried out on 24 March 1931 but was conducted a day earlier at the Lahore Jail . Their mortal remains were also cremated in secret.

Shaheed Bhagat Singh: Exploring His Literary Legacy and Ethical Insights

  • Some of His writings have been compiled and published as books. 
  • “ Revolution is an inalienable right of mankind. Freedom is an imperishable birthright of all. Labour is the real sustainer of society ”.
  • “ Bombs and pistols do not make a revolution. The sword of revolution is sharpened on the whetting stone of ideas ”.
  • “A man’s duty is to try and endeavor; success depends upon chance and environment”.
  • “Merciless criticism and independent thinking are the two necessary traits of revolutionary thinking.”
  • “The aim of life is no more to control the mind, but to develop it harmoniously; not to achieve salvation hereafter, but to make the best use of it here below.”
  • “I am a man and all that affects mankind concerns me.”
  • “Philosophy is the outcome of human weakness or limitation of knowledge.”

Shaheed Bhagat Singh: Legacy of Martyrdom, Commemorations, and Cultural Impact

  • Honor : Every year, 23rd March is observed as ‘ Martyrs’ Day ’ or ‘ Shaheed Diwas’ or ‘Sarvodaya Day’ to honor Shaheed Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev.
  • Despite opposition to Shaheed Bhagat Singh’s methods, JL Nehru showered praise for his efforts in India’s freedom movement.
  • Memorial : The National Martyrs Memorial was built on the cremation spot of Shaheed Bhagat Singh in 1968. It also contains memorials of Rajguru and Sukhdev. 
  • Fairs : The Shaheedi Mela is held annually on 23 March when people pay homage at the National Martyrs Memorial. 
  • Movies : His life and times have been shown in many movies. Some famous movies on Shaheed Bhagat Singh include Shaheed , The Legend of Shaheed Bhagat Singh , Rang De Basanti , Sardar Udham etc.
  • Literature : Famous books on his include ‘ Without Fear: The Life and Trial of Shaheed Bhagat Singh ’, Shaheed Bhagat Singh- The Eternal Rebel, Inquilab: Shaheed Bhagat Singh on Religion & Revolution etc.
  • Drama : His life has been portrayed in plays such as Gagan Damama Bajyo , Tanashah etc.
  • Songs : Songs such as “ Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna ” and “ Mera Rang De Basanti Chola ” are largely associated with him and have been used in a number of related films. 
  • Postage Stamp : A postage stamp was issued in 1968 to commemorate the 61st birth anniversary of Shaheed Bhagat Singh.

Shaheed Bhagat Singh’s Vision for Unity, Social Equality, and Political Participation

  • Religious Unity: His idea of religious unity is the right way forward for India and the world. He had criticized the use of religion in politics as it hindered revolution.
  • Students’ Participation in Politics: He favored student political involvement. He believed that political participation allowed them to question people in power.
  • Egalitarian Society: His thoughts believe that an egalitarian society is a must for a developing country such as India. Discrimination on the basis of caste must be given up.
  • Inclusive Society: Shaheed Bhagat Singh’s ideas have always remained committed to the cause of plural and inclusive society , which does not discriminate against marginalized people .
  • State Control: He supported the idea of anarchy, which is a result of a stateless society. He wanted a society which was under limited control of the state.
  • Critical Thinking: He wanted people to give up religion-inspired superstition . He wants people to criticize, disbelieve and challenge the established norms.

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Frequently Asked Questions

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biography of shaheed bhagat singh

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Bhagat Singh Biography: Life, Death, Slogans and Legacy

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Table of Contents

Bhagat Singh is seen as one of the important leaders in India’s fight for independence from British rule. People often call him “Shaheed” Bhagat Singh , which means a person who died for a cause. After the Assembly Bombing, Bhagat Singh explained, “If we want the deaf to hear us, we need to make a big noise. When we threw the bomb, we didn’t want to hurt anyone. Instead, we wanted to send a strong message to the British government that they should leave India and let it be free.”

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Bhagat Singh Overview

Bhagat singh biography.

Bhagat Singh was born in 1907 in a small village in India. He grew up during a time when India was under British rule, and he witnessed the struggles and injustices faced by his fellow countrymen.

As he became older, Bhagat Singh became deeply committed to the idea of India’s independence. He joined the freedom struggle and actively participated in protests and movements against British rule. One of the most significant events in his life was the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, which deeply moved him and strengthened his resolve to fight for his country’s freedom.

Bhagat Singh is best known for his fearless acts of defiance against the British government. He was involved in daring actions to draw attention to the Indian people’s demands for freedom. His courage and sacrifice made him a national hero, and he is often referred to as “Shaheed Bhagat Singh,” meaning Martyr Bhagat Singh.

Despite his young age, Bhagat Singh’s contributions to India’s struggle for independence are remembered and celebrated to this day. His biography serves as an inspiration to all, reminding us of the power of determination and the pursuit of justice in the face of adversity.

Bhagat Sibgh Biography

Bhagat Singh Revolutionary Activities

Bhagat Singh was a brave and passionate freedom fighter who took part in several revolutionary activities during India’s struggle for independence from British rule. Here’s an explanation of some of his key actions in simple words:

  • Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) : Bhagat Singh joined this group of like-minded young revolutionaries who believed in using force to overthrow British rule and bring freedom to India.
  • Assembly Bombing : Bhagat Singh, along with his associates, threw non-lethal smoke bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi in 1929. They did this to protest against repressive laws and show their defiance to the British.
  • Lahore Conspiracy Case : Bhagat Singh and his comrades were arrested after the assembly bombing. They were put on trial in what became known as the Lahore Conspiracy Case, where they boldly declared their revolutionary aims and were willing to face the consequences.
  • Hunger Strike : While in jail, Bhagat Singh and his fellow prisoners went on a hunger strike to demand better treatment and rights for political prisoners. Their courage and determination drew widespread support.
  • Slogans and Writings : Bhagat Singh used his writings and slogans to inspire others and raise awareness about India’s fight for freedom. His slogan “Inquilab Zindabad” (Long Live the Revolution) became iconic.
  • Martyrdom : Bhagat Singh, along with Rajguru and Sukhdev, was sentenced to death for his involvement in the killing of a British police officer. Despite the option of saving his life by renouncing violence, he chose to embrace martyrdom, becoming a symbol of sacrifice for the nation’s freedom.

Bhagat Singh’s revolutionary activities demonstrated his unwavering commitment to India’s independence and inspired countless others to join the struggle. His bravery and sacrifice continue to be celebrated, reminding us of the power of determination in the pursuit of justice and freedom. Subash Chandra Bose Biography

Bhagat Singh’s Ideals and Beliefs

Bhagat Singh had strong ideals and beliefs that guided his actions during India’s struggle for independence. Here’s an explanation of his key ideals and beliefs in simple words:

  • Patriotism : Bhagat Singh had deep love for his country, India. He believed in the idea of a free and independent India where every citizen could live with dignity and pride. He was willing to sacrifice everything for his homeland.
  • Secularism : Bhagat Singh believed in a united and secular India, where people of all religions and backgrounds could coexist peacefully. He rejected any form of discrimination or religious division.
  • Socialism : Bhagat Singh was influenced by socialist ideas. He believed in a society where wealth and resources were shared more equally among the people, reducing poverty and inequality.
  • Non-Violence vs. Revolution : While he admired Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence, Bhagat Singh felt that, in certain situations, a more forceful approach was needed to gain independence. He believed in using revolutionary means to overthrow British rule.
  • Youth Empowerment : Bhagat Singh had great faith in the power of young people to bring about change. He encouraged the youth of India to actively participate in the freedom struggle and take charge of their nation’s destiny.
  • Sacrifice : Bhagat Singh believed that freedom came with a price. He was willing to sacrifice his life for the greater good of India. He famously said, “It is easy to kill individuals but you cannot kill the ideas.”
  • Fearlessness : He displayed remarkable courage and fearlessness in the face of adversity. He was unafraid of the consequences of his actions and remained steadfast in his commitment to the cause.

Bhagat Singh’s ideals and beliefs continue to inspire people today, reminding us of the importance of patriotism, equality, and the willingness to stand up for what is right in the pursuit of a just and free society.

Bhagat Singh Quotes & Slogans

Bhagat Singh’s quotes and slogans are powerful words that continue to inspire and remind us of his unwavering dedication to India’s freedom struggle.

  • “Inquilab Zindabad!” – This iconic slogan, which translates to “Long Live the Revolution,” was often used by Bhagat Singh to inspire the masses in their fight for independence.
  • “They may kill me, but they cannot kill my ideas. They can crush my body, but they will not be able to crush my spirit.” – Bhagat Singh emphasized the enduring power of his ideas and convictions.
  • “It is easy to kill individuals but you cannot kill the ideas.” – He believed that while individuals could be silenced, the ideas of freedom and justice would persist.
  • “Revolution is an inalienable right of mankind. Freedom is an imperishable birthright of all.” – Bhagat Singh articulated the belief that every person has the inherent right to strive for freedom and justice.
  • “I am a man, and all that affects mankind concerns me.” – He expressed his deep concern for the welfare of all humanity, emphasizing the universal nature of his cause.
  • “Merciless criticism and independent thinking are the two necessary traits of revolutionary thinking.” – Bhagat Singh stressed the importance of critical thinking and independent analysis in pursuing revolutionary goals.
  • “The sword of revolution is sharpened on the whetting-stone of ideas.” – He highlighted the role of ideas and ideology as the driving force behind revolutionary actions.

Bhagat Singh Photo

Bhagat Singh’s photo , drawing, and image, including his real photo, hold a special place in the hearts of many. His photo captures the fearless spirit of a young revolutionary who fought passionately for India’s freedom. A Bhagat Singh drawing or image often portrays him with a stern yet determined expression, symbolizing his unwavering commitment to the cause. Bhagat Singh real photo , a historic relic, reminds us of the sacrifices made by him and others during the struggle for independence. These visuals serve as powerful reminders of Bhagat Singh’s legacy and the indomitable spirit of those who dedicated their lives to securing India’s freedom.

Bhagat Singh Real Photo

Bhagat Singh Death

Bhagat Singh Death is a significant part of his life story. Bhagat Singh Death Date is March 23, 1931, in Lahore, which is now in Pakistan. His death occurred as a result of his execution by hanging. Bhagat Singh willingly embraced martyrdom for the cause of India’s freedom from British rule. His sacrifice continues to inspire people, and the date of his death, March 23rd, is observed as Shaheed Diwas ( Martyrs’ Day ) in India to honor his memory and the sacrifices of other freedom fighters.

Bhagat Singh Legacy

Bhagat Singh’s legacy is a profound and enduring one, deeply rooted in his fearless commitment to the cause of India’s independence and his unwavering dedication to justice and equality. This legacy continues to inspire not only Indians but people worldwide.

At the heart of Bhagat Singh’s legacy is his unparalleled bravery and willingness to sacrifice his life for the greater good. He refused to bow down to British oppression and colonial rule, even when faced with the gravest of consequences. His sacrifice is a reminder of the extraordinary lengths to which individuals can go when they passionately believe in a cause.

Bhagat Singh’s legacy is also deeply intertwined with his ideological beliefs. He was a fervent advocate of socialism, secularism, and equality. His vision for an independent India was one where every citizen, regardless of their religion or background, would enjoy equal rights and opportunities. This vision continues to resonate with the principles of democracy and justice.

Bhagat Singh famous slogan, “Inquilab Zindabad” (Long Live the Revolution) , remains a rallying cry for those who strive for social change and justice. It embodies the spirit of resistance against oppression and tyranny. Bhagat Singh’s writings and speeches, which articulated his vision for a just society, continue to inspire scholars, activists, and thinkers.

The impact of Bhagat Singh’s legacy extends to various aspects of Indian culture and society. His birth anniversary, observed on September 28th, is celebrated across the nation as a day of remembrance and reflection. Monuments, memorials, and museums dedicated to his memory stand as a testament to his enduring influence. Films, literature, and documentaries continue to be made about his life, ensuring that his story is passed down to new generations.

Moreover, Bhagat Singh’s legacy has inspired countless individuals to stand up against injustice, tyranny, and inequality not only in India but around the world. His sacrifice and unwavering dedication serve as a beacon of hope for those who believe in the power of ordinary individuals to bring about extraordinary change.

In conclusion, Bhagat Singh’s legacy is a testament to the indomitable spirit of a young revolutionary who dared to challenge the mightiest empire of his time. His principles of justice, equality, and freedom remain relevant, and his memory continues to ignite the flames of inspiration in the hearts of those who aspire to create a better and more just world. Bhagat Singh’s legacy is not just a part of history; it is a living force that continues to shape the aspirations and dreams of a nation and its people.

FAQs on Bhagat Singh Biography

Who is bhagat singh.

Bhagat Singh was a prominent Indian freedom fighter who played a significant role in the struggle for India's independence from British colonial rule. He is celebrated for his courage, patriotism, and sacrifice.

How to draw Bhagat Singh?

o draw Bhagat Singh, you can find reference images online or in books. Start by sketching his facial features, such as his distinctive mustache. Include details like his attire and the background that represents the era he lived in.

When was Bhagat Singh born?

Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907, in the village of Banga, Punjab, which is now in Pakistan.

When was Bhagat Singh hanged?

Bhagat Singh was hanged on March 23, 1931, in Lahore Central Jail in British-ruled India, along with his fellow revolutionaries Rajguru and Sukhdev.

How did Bhagat Singh die?

Bhagat Singh died by execution through hanging. He willingly embraced martyrdom for the cause of India's freedom from British colonial rule.

Why is Bhagat Singh famous?

Bhagat Singh is famous for his unwavering commitment to India's independence struggle, his acts of defiance against British oppression, and his sacrifice. He is an iconic figure in India's history and an inspiration for generations.

What is Bhagat Singh's real name?

Bhagat Singh's real name was Shaheed Bhagat Singh. Shaheed means martyr, and this title was added to his name in recognition of his sacrifice for the nation.

What's the slogan of Bhagat Singh?

Bhagat Singh is often associated with the slogan Inquilab Zindabad, which translates to Long Live the Revolution. This slogan represents his revolutionary spirit and commitment to change.

How old was Bhagat Singh when he died?

Bhagat Singh was 23 years old when he was executed on March 23, 1931.

Did Bhagat Singh have a wife?

No, Bhagat Singh did not have a wife. His life was dedicated to the freedom struggle, and he remained unmarried, fully committed to the cause of India's independence.

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10 Major Achievements of Shaheed Bhagat Singh

Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907 in the village of Banga ( in present day Pakistan), Punjab, in British Colonial India . At the time of his birth, his father Kishan Singh; and his uncles Ajit and Swaran Singh were in jail for demonstrations against the Colonization Bill implemented in 1906 . Brought up in a Sikh family deeply involved in the Indian nationalistic groups, Bhagat Singh was politically aware and took up the nations cause at a very young age . His fearlessness and dedication; along with his oratory and writing skills; catapulted him to instant fame at an early age . His revolutionary ideas and critical thinking inspired many and he went on to become a youth icon , instilling fresh energy in the Indian Independence movement . Bhagat Singh is most famous for his revolutionary activities against British injustices including the assassination of J.P. Saunders and the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly . He willingly chose death to popularize revolutionary activities against the British and the day of his death is observed as Martyr’s Day in India. Know more about the contribution of Shaheed (Martyred) Bhagat Singh to the independence movement through his 10 major achievements.

#1 HE DEDICATED HIMSELF TO THE CAUSE OF INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE IN HIS TEENAGE

Bhagat Singh belonged to a Sikh family who were politically active in the Indian Independence movement . Unlike many Sikhs of his age, Singh did not attend the Khalsa High School in Lahore because his grandfather did not approve of the school officials’ loyalty to the British government . His family supported the Ghadar Movement , with an agenda to overthrow British rule in India . This politically aware environment at home helped incite a sense of patriotism in Bhagat Singh from an early age . During his teenage, exposure to barbaric incidents like Jallianwala Bagh Masacre (1919) and homicide of unarmed Akalis at the Nankana Sahib (1921) further shaped his strong patriotic outlook. Initially, he believed in the Gandhian ideology to attain Swaraj and dedicatedly supported the Indian National Congress . However Mahatma Gandhi’s calling off the Non-Cooperation Movement , following the Chauri Chaura Incident (1922) , left him disillusioned with Gandhi’s non-violent principles . Thereafter, Bhagat Singh joined the Young Revolutionary Movement , deciding to carry out an armed revolution against the ruling British , as opposed to the generally peaceful Civil Disobedience Movement spearheaded by Gandhi . At a mere age of 16 , he was completely and whole-heartedly dedicated to the cause of national liberation and service of the country .

Bhagat Singh 17 years old

#2 HE WAS FAMOUS AS AN IMPECCABLE ORATOR AND WRITER

In 1923, Bhagat Singh joined the National College in Lahore, established by Lala Lajpat Rai ; a freedom fighter , and a prominent political leader in the Indian Independence movement. It was an alternative to the institutions run by the British Government, with focus on opposing and boycotting the British Colonialists . The National College nurtured the young Bhagat Singh and helped him hone his skills as a speaker and writer . In 1923 , he won an essay competition organized by the Punjab Hindi Sahitya Sammelan , writing on the problems in the Punjab region . In 1924, he worked with Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi for Pratap , a revolutionary weekly. In this role , he penned down revolutionary articles and distributed pamphlets outlining principles of a violent uprising, aimed at overthrowing the Britishers . Here, Singh worked under the alias, Balwant and met other fellow revolutionaries with whom he would share a close camaraderie. Apart from this, Singh was also a member of the College Dramatics Society and seemed to have gained quick prominence because of his impeccable oratory and writing skills . Not only had he become famous among the students and teachers of his own college but also in other peripheral colleges. Lahore, as a hub of culture, multi-ethnic and cross-section of ideologies, provided Shaheed Bhagat Singh a prominent platform for his political work and struggle for freedom .

Bhagat Singh Statue Indian Parliament

#3 HE BECAME A LEADER OF HINDUSTAN REPUBLICAN ASSOCIATION

In 1924 , Bhagat Singh joined Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) , a radical group, which was born after Mahatma Gandhi declared an immediate stop the Non-Cooperation Movement . It was headed by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqulla Khan and included prominent leaders such as Chandrashekhar Azad, Sukhdev Thapar and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee . In the period of 1924 – 25 , the HRA gained popularity in India with an influx of new members including Bhagat Singh. It was as a member of the HRA that Bhagat Singh began to take armed revolution seriously and went from village to village recruiting people . The organisation conducted many robberies and raids in an attempt to raise funds to acquire arms and ammunition, the most famous being the Kakori Train Robbery , on August 9, 1925 . The incident led to arrest of several HRA members and their trials. The outcome was that four leaders: Ashfaqullah Khan, Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh and Rajendra Lahiri were hanged in December 1927. Moreover, a further 16 HRA members were imprisoned for long terms . In these challenging times the sole absconders of the Kakori incident, Bhagat Singh and Chandra Shekhar Azad, took up the reigns of the party and emerged as the leaders of the Hindustan Republican Association.

#4 HE FOUNDED NAUJAWAN BHARAT IN 1926

Bhagat Singh had been inspired by to Giuseppe Mazzini’s Young Italy Movement since his college years at National College. This led him to set up the Naujawan Bharat Sabha in March 1926 , an association for revolutionaries to fight against the British colonialism and injustice . The Naujawan Bharat Sabha sought to foment revolution against the British Raj by gathering together worker and peasant youths. It comprised members from the Hindu, Muslim and Sikh communities . Special attention was taken to only include members who kept the interests of the country above those of their respective communities . The organization organized periodic protests, lectures and public meetings espousing revolutionary ideas of freedom, equality and economic emancipation.

Bhagat Singh in 1929

#5 HE SERVED AS AN ICON FOR REVOLUTIONARY YOUTHS ACROSS INDIA

The intense patriotism of Bhagat Singh coupled with cultivated idealism, made him an ideal icon for the youth of his generation . A glimpse of his dedication to the nation and maturity, which inspired millions can be estimated through some excerpts from his essay “Why am I an Atheist” , written in the days just before his execution. Through his organization Bhagat Singh instilled many students with a revolutionary spirit , which was undaunted by state repression, to an unprecedented degree. Its activities led to the founding of youth leagues and student unions in several towns throughout India . Considering his influence on the youth, Bhagat Singh became a person of interest for the British Government which arrested him in May 1927 for a few days. In 1929 after his final arrest and trial on the charges of murdering Assistant Superintendent JP Saunders , Bhagat Singh was asked to apologize for his actions (of planning and killing Saunders) so that his death sentence could be curtailed . He refused vehemently because he believed he had done no wrong and justice had been served to the British for the uncalled assassination of Lala Lajpat Rai.

Why am I an Atheist Quote

#6 HE BOOSTED REVOLUTIONARY MORALE WITH THE ASSASSINATION OF J.P. SAUNDERS

On October 30, 1928 , Lala Lajpat Rai, a leading Indian revolutionary , led an all-parties procession protesting against the arrival of the Simon Commission . In an attempt to disperse the large crowd, the police resorted to a brutal Lathi Charge . The confrontation left Lala Lajpat Rai with severe wounds and he succumbed to his injuries on November 17, 1928 . Bhagat Singh and his associates in the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) decided on taking revenge on the British. James A. Scott , the Superintendent of Police , had ordered the Lathi Charge while J.P. Saunders , an assistant Superintendent of police , was identified as connected with the beating of Lalaji . On December 17, 1928 , things did not go according to plan and the primary target James A. Scott could not be assassinated. However, Bhagat Singh along with Shivaram Rajguru shot and killed assistant superintendent of police John Saunders . They were supported in this act by their compatriot Sukhdev Thapar while Chandrashekhar Azad directed the whole action and worked as a rear guard. Following the assassination, the three revolutionaries fled from the scene in a meticulously planned escape . The success of the Saunders murder brought prestige to the revolutionaries and created much sensation among the students.

HSRA J.P. Saunders Pamphlet

#7 BHAGAT SINGH VOLUNTARILY GOT ARRESTED TO POPULARIZE THE INDIAN REVOLUTION

To further spur the revolutionary spirit in India, Bhagat Singh planned another effrontery against British rule. The government planned to hasten the introduction of the Public Safety Bill and the Trade Disputes Bill , both of which had been drafted in an attempt to counter the effects of revolutionary activities and trade unionism . At this time, Bhagat Singh planned to explode a bomb inside the Central Legislative Assembly . On 8th April, 1929 , Bhagat Singh along with Batukeswar Dutt entered the Council Chamber in the Assembly in Delhi undetected by the police and threw two bombs at the empty treasury benches , being careful to ensure that there were no casualties in order to highlight the propagandist nature of their action. As the bombs exploded and covered the room with dense smoke, the two revolutionaries with loaded guns had enough time to flee. However, instead they courted arrest shouting the slogan “Inqualab Zindabad” (Long Live the Revolution) . Coined by freedom fighter and Congress leader Maulana Hasrat Mohani , Inqualab Zindabad was the official slogan of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association . It was popularized by Bhagat Singh in his speeches and became one of the rallying cries of the Indian Independence movement . In Indian political novels chronicling the independence movement, a pro-independence sentiment is often characterized by characters shouting this slogan .

Central Legislative Assembly Bombing

#8 HIS HUNGER STRIKE IN JAIL STIRRED NATIONWIDE PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR HIS CAUSE

As the Indian National Congress and many groups criticized the methods of the HSRA, a jailed Bhagat Singh was reported to be elated , and referred to the subsequent legal proceedings as a stage to publicize their cause . In the 1st week of June , the trials began, following a preliminary hearing in May. On June 12, both men were sentenced to life imprisonment for citing malicious and unlawful intent of the explosions . On the other hand, Lahore bomb factory was discovered by the police , leading to the arrest of other members of Hindustan Republican Socialist Association. Not long after this, some of the conspirators became informants and the police were able to connect the three strands of the Saunders murder, Assembly bombing and bomb manufacture . Singh was re-arrested for murdering Saunders and his life sentence in the Assembly Bomb Case was deferred until a stern update in the Saunders Case. Meanwhile, Singh and his fellow inmates declared an indefinite hunger strike in protest of the prejudiced difference in treatment of the European versus Indian prisoners and demanded to be recognized as equals . They demanded equality in food standards, clothing, toiletries, and other hygienic necessities; as well as access to books and a daily newspaper. The hunger strike vastly inspired a rise in public support for Singh and his colleagues . The government had to apply Section 144 of the criminal code in an attempt to limit gatherings . Since the activities of the hunger strikers had gained popularity and attention amongst the people nationwide, the government decided to advance the start of the Saunders murder trial , which was henceforth called the Lahore Conspiracy Case . This hunger strike lasted 63 days and ended with the British finally accepting defeat and succumbing to his wishes .

#9 THE DAY OF HIS DEATH IS OBSERVED AS MARTYR’S DAY IN INDIA

Bhagat Singh, Sukh Dev and Raj Guru were subsequently sentenced to death in the Lahore Conspiracy Case on October 7, 1930. They were to be hanged on 24 March, 1931 . However, due to widespread protest against the sentence across India, the government moved the schedule of the killings by 11 hours . It is said that the trio proceeded quite cheerfully towards the gallows while chanting their favorite slogans like “Inquilab Zindabad” and “Down with British Imperialism” . While mounting the scaffold along with his two friends, Bhagat Singh addressed the European Deputy Commissioner who was present to witness the executions. Singh said with a smile on his face “Well Mr. Magistrate, you are fortunate to be able to-day to see how Indian revolutionaries can embrace death with pleasure for the sake of their supreme ideal” . Eventually, Bhagat Singh, Raj Guru and Sukhdev were hanged in the Lahore Jail , on 23 March 1931 , at 7:30 PM . Thereafter, the jail authorities secretly cremated the three men under cover of darkness, at Hussainiwala on the banks of Sutlej River . Bhagat Singh’s death was grieved throughout India and his supporters, who had been protesting against the hanging, immediately declared him as a Shaheed or Martyr . 23rd March is observed as Martyr’s Day or Shaheed Diwas in India, to pay tribute and remember the extraordinary sacrifices of the revolutionaries . At a mere age of 23, giving up his life for the freedom, glory, welfare and progress of the nation is by far the greatest achievement of Shaheed Bhagat Singh.

Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev

#10 HE REMAINS A HUGELY POPULAR FIGURE IN CONTEMPORARY INDIA

Bhagat Singh’s death had the effect that he desired and he inspired thousands of youths to assist the remainder of the Indian Independence Movement . He remains a crucial figure in the history of India and continues to inspire the youth of contemporary India . Singh has been the subject of numerous books, plays and films . In 1968 , a postage stamp was issued in India commemorating the 61st birth anniversary of Singh . On the 50th anniversary of his death, Shaheed-e-Azam Sardar Bhagat Singh Museum was opened at his ancestral village, Khatkar Kalan . Several popular Bollywood films have been made capturing the life and times of Bhagat Singh. During the centenary of his birth, a group of intellectuals set up an institution named Bhagat Singh Sansthan to commemorate him and his ideals. On 15 August 2008 , an 18-foot tall bronze statue of Singh was installed in the Parliament of India , next to the statues of prominent Indian leaders Indira Gandhi and Subhas Chandra Bose . In addition, he was voted the “Greatest Indian” in a poll by the Indian magazine India Today in 2008 , ahead of Subhash Chandra Bose and Mahatma Gandhi. This gives an idea of his popularity among contemporary Indian people.

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biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Biography Of Bhagat Singh

Biography Of Bhagat Singh

One of the most influential revolutionaries in the Indian Nationalist Movement was born on September 27, 1907, in the village of Banga near the Lyallpur district in Punjab, British India. When he was born, his father Kishan Singh, uncles Ajit and Swaran Singh, and others were detained for opposing the 1906 Colonisation Bill. 

Young Bhagat Singh acquired a sense of patriotism as a result of his upbringing in a politically active home where his family backed the Ghadar party. He was an Indian freedom warrior and is regarded as one of the movement’s most important revolutionaries.

All those who stand up for justice and struggle against injustice might find inspiration in Bhagat Singh’s life. His life was devoted to the fight for Indian freedom. He was a courageous young guy. His narrative serves as a reminder that success is still attainable even in the face of extreme adversity. 

The biography of Bhagat Singh offers inspiration to people battling for change today and offers a glimpse into the revolutionary’s mentality. Anyone interested in politics, history, or human rights action should read it. The Indian people, who continue to celebrate his memory, loved and respected him.

Bhagat Singh’s life was tragic at a young age and he left a legacy that still motivates people today. Anyone with an interest in history or human rights activism will never forget his narrative. 

He devoted all of his strength to the fight against dictatorship till he passed away at the age of 23, having a profound effect on Indian society at a time when it was trying to break free from British authority. 

Also Read: Top Bhagat Singh Slogans in English  

National Movement and Revolutionary Deeds

On October 30, 1928, Lala Lajpat Rai led an all-parties rally that marched towards the Lahore train station in protest of the Simon Commission’s arrival. The cops used a brutal lathi charge to prevent the protesters from pushing forward. J.P. Saunders, an assistant superintendent of police, was slain by the revolutionaries because they were unable to distinguish him from a Scott.

Bhagat Singh escaped Lahore immediately to avoid being apprehended. He violated the fundamental principles of Sikhism by shaving his beard and cutting his hair in order to avoid being recognised.

It was not Bhagat Singh’s terrorist deed that made him popular; rather, it was the way in which he appeared to temporarily uphold Lala Lajpat Rai’s honour and, through him, the honour of the country. Within a few months, every town and village in Punjab, as well as to a lesser extent in the rest of northern India, echoed with the sound of his name. The act was forgotten, but the symbol persisted. The notoriety that the man attained was incredible, and countless songs began to grow about him.

On the other hand, on April 8, 1929, when the Assembly was in session, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt destroyed two explosives in the venue. The Assembly members were hurt by the bombs. The subsequent turmoil and disarray allowed both of them the opportunity to leave the Assembly Hall, but they chose to remain there and chanted their slogan “Inquilab Zindabad!”

His Thoughts And Opinions 

Since he was very young, Bhagat Singh had a strong sense of patriotism. Being a product of a nationalist upbringing, he yearned for an independent India free from British tyranny. Following extensive reading of European literature and a strong desire for a democratic future for his beloved country, he adopted a socialist worldview. Bhagat Singh was raised as a Sikh, but after witnessing countless Hindu-Muslim riots and other religious upheavals, he started to move more and more towards atheism.

Bhagat Singh believed that the exploitative nature of imperialism had to be entirely abolished in order to achieve something as precious as Independence. Only an armed uprising akin to the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, in his view, could bring about such a transition. “Inquilab Zindabad,” which he invented, finally became the battle cry of the movement for Indian independence. 

Bhagat Singh’s Accomplishments

  • Being a young member of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) and participating in revolutionary activities
  • Taking part in a number of sabotage attempts against British institutions, including a bombing attempt against the Delhi Central Legislative Assembly
  • Being hung at the age of 23 after being found guilty of killing British police officer John Saunders
  • Being chosen as the HSRA’s president just before being put to death.
Also Read: Chandrashekhar Azad Biography – History, Family and Education

Bhagat Singh’s Death

He took part in a number of attacks on British institutions, including a failed bombing attempt on Delhi’s Central Legislative Assembly. He was found guilty of killing British police officer John Saunders in 1929, along with two other outsiders. 

At the age of 23, Bhagat Singh was hanged at the Lahore prison on March 23, 1931. He is accused of shouting their favourite slogan, such as “Inquilab Zindabad” and “Down with British Imperialism,” as they walked enthusiastically to the execution site. beside the Sutlej River. Despite having a brief life, he made a significant contribution to the fight for Indian freedom. 

Bhagat Singh’s Legacy and Devotion

Bhagat Singh’s intense patriotism and mature idealism made him the ideal role model for the youngsters of his time. Through his criticism of the British Imperial Government in literature and speech, he rose to become the voice of his time. 

Though many have questioned his drastic deviation from Gandhi’s nonviolent road to Swaraj, he nevertheless inspired hundreds of youths and young adults to fully participate in the liberation movement with his bold embracing of martyrdom. 

Bhagat Singh triumphed over Mahatma Gandhi and Subhash Chandra Bose to win the title of Greatest Indian in a 2008 India Today poll, illustrating his prominence in contemporary society.

Bhagat Singh Contribution in Freedom Struggle

Bhagat Singh, the renowned leader of India’s independence movement, left a lasting impact with his remarkable contributions. Here we are highlight the bhagat singh contribution in freedom struggle .

Bhagat Singh played a crucial role in the revolutionary activities that shaped India’s liberation struggle. As a dedicated member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), he actively participated in protests against British colonial rule, leaving an indelible mark in history.

One of Bhagat Singh’s most notable feats was the Lahore Conspiracy Case of 1929. Alongside his comrades, he orchestrated the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly, symbolizing resistance against British oppression and a fervent call for India’s complete independence.

In addition to his actions, Bhagat Singh utilized his intellectual prowess to rally public support. Through thought-provoking essays, pamphlets, and manifestos, he stirred nationalistic sentiments, urging fellow Indians to rise against the British and embrace the struggle for freedom.

Bhagat Singh’s unwavering commitment and audacious acts inspired millions across the nation to join the fight for independence. His martyrdom on March 23, 1931, at the hands of the British further solidified his status as a national hero, etching his bravery and sacrifice deep within the collective memory of India’s quest for liberty.

Bhagat Singh Short Note

Bhagat Singh, a revered figure in India’s freedom struggle, was born on September 27, 1907, in Punjab. His unwavering commitment to the cause of independence made him an iconic leader and symbol of resistance. This short note delves into the life, contributions, and legacy of the revolutionary hero, Bhagat Singh.

Raised in a family with a history of revolutionary activities, Bhagat Singh imbibed patriotic values from a young age. He attended the National College in Lahore, where he joined youth organizations and began questioning British colonial rule.

Bhagat Singh played a important role in the Indian freedom movement by joining the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), a revolutionary organization dedicated to ending British oppression. Together with his comrades, he carried out acts of resistance against symbols of British authority.

One of the most significant acts was the Lahore Conspiracy Case of 1929, where Bhagat Singh and his associates threw bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly, demanding complete independence for India. Although their intention was not to cause harm, a British police officer tragically lost his life.

Bhagat Singh was arrested and imprisoned as a result of his revolutionary activity. His spirit was unwavering despite being imprisoned. Bhagat Singh, along with fellow revolutionaries Rajguru and Sukhdev, was put to death by the British colonial authorities on March 23, 1931, when he was 23 years old.

Millions of people are still motivated by Bhagat Singh’s legacy today, which stands for bravery, selflessness, and steadfast devotion to the cause of independence. His courageous deeds and unwavering attitude serve as a reminder of the tenacious fight for freedom that moulded India’s history.

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Bhagat Singh Achievements

Bhagat Singh, a prominent figure in India’s freedom struggle. Here are some of his key achievements.

  • Role in the Lahore Conspiracy Case
  • Founding Member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA)
  • Publication of Revolutionary Literature
  • Influence on Youth Movements
  • Hunger Strikes in Jail
  • Emphasis on Gender Equality
  • Solidarity with Farmers
  • Promotion of Socialist Ideals
  • Intellectual Stature
  • Martyrdom and Legacy

Frequently Asked Questions About Bhagat Singh

Who was bhagat singh’s first wife.

Bhagat Singh did not have a wife. He never got married, choosing to devote his entire life to the cause of the Indian independence movement and his revolutionary work.

What Is Full Name of Bhagat Singh?

Sardar Bhagat Singh was the full name of the well-known Indian freedom fighter Bhagat Singh. He was also known as Shaheed Bhagat Singh, with “Shaheed” meaning martyr in Hindi.

What Age Bhagat Singh Died?

Bhagat Singh was executed at the age of 23. He was born on September 27, 1907, and he was hanged on March 23, 1931, along with his comrades Rajguru and Sukhdev, for their involvement in the Lahore Conspiracy Case and the assassination of British police officer John Saunders. Bhagat Singh’s sacrifice and martyrdom at such a young age made a profound impact on India’s struggle for independence.

When Bhagat Singh Date of Birth and Death?

Bhagat Singh was born on September 27, 1907, and he was executed on March 23, 1931.

When Bhagat Singh Was Born and Died

When was bhagat singh martyred.

Bhagat Singh was martyred on March 23, 1931. He was executed by hanging in Lahore Central Jail along with his comrades Rajguru and Sukhdev for their involvement in the Lahore Conspiracy Case and the assassination of British police officer John Saunders. The date of his martyrdom, March 23, is observed as “Shaheed Diwas” (Martyr’s Day) in India to honor his sacrifice and contribution to the country’s independence struggle.

Bhagat Singh Hanged in Which City

Lahore, which today is a part of Pakistan, is where Bhagat Singh was hanged. He was executed at Lahore Central Jail on March 23, 1931. Lahore was a significant center of the Indian independence movement during that time.

Are There Any Biographies Written by Bhagat Singh Himself?

Yes, “The Jail Notebook and Other Writings” is a collection of Bhagat Singh’s own works. His prison journal, which recorded his ideas, comments, and thoughts while he was incarcerated, is also included.

Are There Any Biographies Written by His Family Members?

Yes, “Bhagat Singh: The Ideas on Freedom, Liberty, and Revolution” by Jagmohan Singh is written by Bhagat Singh’s nephew. It provides insights into Bhagat Singh’s life, ideology, and revolutionary activities.

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Shaheed Bhagat Singh Biography

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The Sanctity Of law Can be maintained only so long as it is the expression of the will of the people. ~Shaheed Bhagat Singh

If Someone asks you about India’s Freedom fighter then We are pretty sure only one name will come into your mind i.e. Shaheed Bhagat Singh following others. You must have watched Shaheed Bhagat Singh Biographies so many times by now that you need not know about his journey but there are also other phases and facts of his life that will be discussed here.

About Shaheed Bhagat Singh

Bhagat Singh

credits; https://flic.kr/p/TQwhWJ

Shaheed Bhagat Singh ‘s real name is Shaheed Abhishek Chetri   (27 September 1907 – 23 March 1931) belongs to Sikh Jatt Family who becomes one of the most influencial thoroughgoing in India’s independence movement.

Born : 27 September 1907 – Jaranwala Tehsil, Lyaalpur Punjab, British India (Currently In Punjab)

Education : Graduate (National College, Lahore)

Organisations : Naujawan Bharat Sabha, Kirti Kisan Party, Hindustani Socialistic Republican Association’s

Religion : Sikhism, Atheism Belief.

Publications : Why I am an Atheist

Movement : Indian Independence movement

Death : Executed On 23 March 1931. (aged 23) Lahore, Punjab, British India.

Shaheed Bhagat Singh was born to the sikh jatt family in Banga village to Kishan Singh (father) and Vidyavati Kaur (mother). In His teenage days, he was into economic/political ideology form start which also came from his family background was being parted in various revolutionary activities against the British Raj, Bhagat Singh’s Father, Uncle Ajit Singh and Swaran Singh were in jail for demonstrations against the Colonization Bill implemented in 1906 at the time of his birth.

Rise Of Bhagat Singh

On April 13, 1919, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre made an impact on his mind (He was 12 years old) to bring justice to those inhuman act by Britishers to make India independent, Therefore he teamed up with Chandrashekhar Azad to form revolutionary organization to make India independent.

Organizations

Bhagat Singh Involved in various movement in his struggle for independence, He gained popularity quickly in the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928 and become its one of the chief leader. there are not enough resources about this association but it surely gave a message to Britishers that a movement is coming their way. He was also associated with Naujawan Bharat Sabha and Kirti Kisan Party.

Independence Movement

Lala Lajpat Rai Got killed by the Britishers which made Bhagat Singh’s goal for independent India more stronger than ever that it leads to revenge against British Police Officer John Saunders whereas police did their best to catch him but faces failure as Bhagat Singh managed to escape and fool them.

Bhagat Singh Then planned a bombing in Central Legislative Assembly with the help of Kanpur born Indian revolutionary Batukeshwar Dutt to get his messages heard by shouting slogans and pamphlets featuring their Marxist ideology.

Imprisonment

Following Central Legislative Assembly Bombing event, Bhagat Singh and co. surrendered themselves to the police raising their Marxist agenda slogans and there imprisoned for further investigation. The movement did make a huge impact on British Raj in India which makes them worry about their presence in the indian soil. Bhagat Singh made it hard for Britishers in prison due to hunger strike as he went on fast for 116 days in the jail for the demand of equality of rights among British and Indian political prisoners, therefore it leads to nationwide support due to this protest for equality.

No Hanging, Please Shoot Us

letter

Credits: https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindu.com%2Ffline%2Ffl2421%2Fstories%2F20071102500100400.htm&date=2012-03-30

While in prison, Shaheed Bhagat Singh wrote numerous of publication including  Why I am an Atheist , Following The study of Russian Revolution, He wanted alongwith Raj Guru, Sukhdev to die to give an example to indian youth to fight for their rights which britishers were exploiting at the time, Therefore They wrote a letter to Lord Irwin, Mentioning their wish to execute by shooting them not by hanging. 4 days before execution, Bhagat Singh’s Friend Prannath Mehta came to visit him with letter of Clemency but he refused to sign it and want to set an example for every emerging freedom fighters.

On 23 March 1931, Bhagat Singh, Raj Guru, Sukhdev Executed and people of india prayed for their afterlife.

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Shaheed Diwas: When Bhagat Singh rebuked his father for writing a mercy plea

In a final bid to save his son, bhagat singh’s father wrote to the tribunal, pleading that his son was innocent, and the judges grant him mercy. bhagat singh, however, was not willing to compromise on his principles..

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

March 23 is observed as Shaheed Diwas, or Martyr’s Day, in India. On this day in 1931, Bhagat Singh, along with fellow revolutionaries Sukhdev Thapar and S Rajguru, were hanged to death in Lahore Central Jail, for murdering British police officer John Saunders.

While Bhagat Singh was being tried, his father Kishan wrote to the special tribunal pleading that his son was innocent, and the tribunal grant him mercy. Bhagat Singh, however, wanted nothing to do with his father’s plea, and wrote a strong letter rebuking him. Here is the story.

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Bhagat Singh’s arrest, re-arrest, and trial

Bhagat Singh was initially arrested for bombing the Indian Parliament . “It takes a loud voice to make the deaf hear,” pamphlets thrown by Singh and his accomplice, Batukeshwar Dutt, said. The idea was not to kill or hurt anyone. It was simply to make a point about the “ sham ” that was, at the time, the Indian Parliament. Both Singh and Dutt courted arrest, and were sentenced to life in prison for their actions.

However, Bhagat Singh would also be later re-arrested in relation to the Lahore Conspiracy case. In December 1928, Singh and Rajguru had shot dead a 21-year-old British officer, John P Saunders, in Lahore, in what was a case of mistaken identity. The plan was to kill senior British superintendent James Scott for his role in the death of Lala Lajpat Rai, a month earlier, during a protest against the Simon Commission.

Viceroy Irwin set up a special tribunal to expedite the trial in the Lahore Conspiracy case — a trial which was decried as unjust in both India and Britain. Nonetheless, on October 7, 1930, the tribunal delivered a 300-page judgement sentencing Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru to death by hanging. The execution was carried out on March 23, 1931.

Festive offer

A father’s mercy plea, rejected by son

During the final stages of the trial, Bhagat Singh’s father, Kishan, wrote to the tribunal, pleading his son’s innocence, and saying that young Bhagat Singh had nothing to do with Saunders’ murder. Kishan Singh himself had been involved in the anti-colonial struggle, most notably during the Ghadhar Movement, but his son’s impending execution made his resolve falter.

The same was not the case, however, with Bhagat Singh himself, who issued a strong rebuke to his father for writing the mercy plea.

“I was astounded to learn that you had submitted a petition to the members of the Special Tribunal in connection with my defence … It has upset the whole equilibrium of my mind,” he wrote. He said that despite being his father, he was not entitled to make such a move, given that Bhagat Singh himself had always acted “independently without caring for [his] approval or disapproval”.

“I feel as though I have been stabbed in the back,” Singh wrote, accusing his father of “a weakness of the worst type”. He wrote: “I have always been of opinion that all the political workers should be indifferent and should never bother about the legal fight in the law courts, and should boldly bear the heaviest possible sentences inflicted upon them… My life is not so precious … It is not at all worth buying at the cost of my principles.”

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biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Shaheed Bhagat Singh: The Man, the Myths, the Legend

M arch 23rd, 2024 marks the 93rd death anniversary of revolutionary and national hero, Bhagat Singh, who was hanged for the mistaken murder of British officer John Saunders.

Variously given the epithets Shaheed, Veer and Shaheed-e-Azam, Bhagat Singh was a firebrand socialist, fierce critic of religion and unflinchingly committed to the cause of the Indian Independence movement – even at the expense of his own life.

The freedom fighter famously said: “You can kill individuals, but not the ideas. Great empires crumbled, but the ideas survived.”

However, such is the travesty, that these qualities of Shaheed Bhagat Singh are conveniently overlooked by far-right ideologues in co-opting his immortal legacy.

On his death anniversary, we debunk five popular myths about Bhagat singh:

1. Bhagat Singh was against Mahatma Gandhi

While Bhagat Singh had ideological differences with Mahatma Gandhi, particularly regarding the methods of the independence movement, there was little enmity between the two, contrary to what we’re often led to believe.

“Revolutionaries contributed a great deal in their own way towards the freedom of the country. Even those who were opposed to their ideology and methods, praised them for their love of motherland and the heroic way in which they faced the gallows and an extremely hard life in the jails,” writes author Jain Narain Sharma.

“While denouncing their cult of violence, even Mahatma Gandhi, an apostle of non-violence, unhesitatingly appreciated their feelings of intense patriotism and their willingness to sacrifice their all for the emancipation of their country from foreign yoke. Among martyrs who willingly treaded the thorny path with courage and faced the gallows with fortitude, the name of Bhagat Singh shines as a star. He is rightly called 'Prince of Martyrs'.”

2. Only a violent revolutionary

Bhagat Singh’s reputation as a revolutionary precedes his advocacy against the use of violence, due to his involvement in some morally ambiguous activities, not least of all the Lahore Conspiracy Case and the killing of Saunders.

In his final letter to the youth of the country, he said, "Let me announce with all my strength, that I am not a terrorist and I never was, except perhaps at the beginning of my revolutionary career". He also said that bombs and pistols are useful, but that they should not work independently and should back the political work of the party.

3. Everyone’s hero

Among India’s revolutionaries, Bhagat Singh was arguably the least polarising figure but any insinuation that his ideology was purely nationalism is a disservice-doing dumbing down what he stood for.

He was greatly influenced by socialism and Marxism and believed that the systems of oppression – especially casteism and capitalism – had to be eradicated for complete independence.

4. Valentine’s Day martyrdom

Claims that Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were hanged on February 14, 1931 are baseless and often used to divert attention from Valentine’s Day, which is actually celebrated on that day. In fact, the execution took place on March 23 that year at the Lahore Jail.

shaheed bhagat singh: the man, the myths, the legend

'Need to discover the real ideologies of Bhagat Singh', says nephew Prof Jagmohan Singh

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Professor Jagmohan Singh, Shaheed e Azam Bhagat Singh's nephew at SBS Studios, Melbourne

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Other ways to listen, as we mark the death anniversary of the martyrs, bhagat singh, sukhdev and rajguru on 23rd march, here is an interview with prof jagmohan singh, not only an acclaimed historian and writer but also the nephew of shaheed e azam bhagat singh..

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biography of shaheed bhagat singh

A tribute to Shaheed e Azam Bhagat Singh

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

Martyr's Day: Remembering Shaheed-e-Azam Bhagat Singh

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

What influenced Shaheed-e-Azam Bhagat Singh in his early life?

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Remembering Bhagat Singh: All you need to know about the freedom fighter - 10 points

Updated on: 22 March,2024 07:46 PM IST  |  Mumbai mid-day online correspondent |

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

  • Text  

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

He dedicated his life to the independence of India from the clutches of Britishers at a very young age

Remembering Bhagat Singh: All you need to know about the freedom fighter - 10 points

Bhagat Singh was a freedom fighter who sacrificed his life in the battle for the independence of India from British rule . He inspired Indians with his grit and courage. The stories of his bravery and courage have inspired millions and will continue to do so for centuries.

He dedicated his life to the independence of India from the clutches of Britishers at a very young age. Today, the young generation draws inspiration from him and his devotion to the nation.  

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Remembering Bhagat Singh: Here's all you need to know about the freedom fighter

- Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907, in Banga village, now Faisalabad in Pakistan Punjab. He completed class 5 from his village school and later his father got him enrolled at the Dayanand Anglo Vedic (DAV) High School in Lahore. He was a bright student and won many laurels and awards.

- The revolutionary freedom fighter was a charismatic Indian socialist revolutionary whose two acts of dramatic violence against the British in India and execution at the age of 23 made him a folk hero of the Indian Independence movement.

- Bhagat Singh was a voracious reader and a brilliant writer. Despite being hanged at the tender age of 23, he had penned articles for newspapers. He used jail time to write pamphlets and 'Why I Am An Atheist' -- one among those which got smuggled out -- is a best-seller to date

– In 1923, he joined National College in Lahore. Along with his leftist peers, he joined the Naujawan Bharat Sabha and subsequently got involved in a range of anarchist activities.

- In December 1928, Bhagat Singh and Shivaram Rajguru, fatally shot British police officer John Saunders in Lahore, British India, mistaking Saunders for the British police superintendent, James Scott, whom they had intended to assassinate to avenge the death of popular Indian nationalist leader Lala Lajpat Rai.

In April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt exploded two improvised bombs inside the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi and showered leaflets from the gallery on the legislators below. They shouted slogans and allowed the authorities to arrest them.

- At the age of 23, Bhagat Singh was convicted and hanged in the Lahore jail along with Shivaram Hari, Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar on March 23, 1931, because they refused to give in to the atrocities of the British rulers.

biography of shaheed bhagat singh

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biography of shaheed bhagat singh

शहीद भगत सिंह के वो क्रांतिकारी विचार जो हर भारतीय को जानने चाहिए!

23 March 2024

आज ही के दिन, 1931 में भगत सिंह, शिवराम राजगुरु और सुखदेव थापर ने देश की आज़ादी का सपना दिल में बसाकर मुस्‍कुराते हुए फांसी के फंदे को चूम लिया था.

इन तीनों देशभक्तों को श्रद्धांजलि देने के लिए आज यानी 23 मार्च को शहीद दिवस मनाया जाता है. इस मौके पर हम आपके लिए लाए हैं शहीद भगत सिंह के कुछ अनमोल विचार.

"मैं जीवन में महत्वाकांक्षा, आशा और आकर्षण से भरा हुआ हूं, लेकिन मैं जरूरत के समय सब कुछ त्याग सकता हूं."

"अगर बेहरों को सुनाना है तो आवाज बहुत तेज होनी चाहिए"

"सरफरोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है, देखना है जोर कितना बाजु-ए-कातिल में है."

"जो भी व्यक्ति विकास के लिए खड़ा है, उसे हर एक रुढ़िवादी चीज की आलोचना करनी होगी, उसमें अविश्वास करना होगा, तथा उसे चुनौती देनी होगी."

"वे मुझे मार सकते हैं, लेकिन वे मेरे विचारों को नहीं मार सकते. वे मेरे शरीर को कुचल सकते हैं, लेकिन वे मेरी आत्मा को कुचल नहीं सकते."

"बम और पिस्तौल क्रांति नहीं करते. क्रांति की तलवार विचारों के पत्थर पर तेज होती है."

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Bhagat singh (1907-1931).

Young Bhagat Singh

Life of Bhagat Singh

Bhagat Singh was born on 28th September 1907 in a Jat Sikh Punjabi family to Kishan Singh Sandhu and Vidyavati Kaur. He was born in Chak no. 105 in the village of Banga, Jaranwala Tehsil in the Lyallpur district of the Punjab province of British India. Bhagat Singh’s family is a patriotic family, the members of which have participated in the Indian independence movement. Some of their members have also served in Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s army. Bhagat Singh’s ancestors hailed from the village of Khatkar Kalam near the town of Banga in Nawanshah district of Punjab. This district is now renamed as the Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar of Punjab. Singh’s name ‘Bhagat’ means devotee. His grandfather Arjun Singh was a follower of Swami Dayanand Saraswati’s Hindu reformist movement. This also had a great influence on Bhagat Singh. His father and his uncles Ajit Singh and Swaran Singh were members of the Ghadar Party which was led by Kartar Singh Sarabha and Har Dayal. Bhagat Singh did not attend the Khalsa High School in Lahore, as his grandfather did not approve of the school officials loyal virtues to the British authorities. His grandfather then enrolled him into the Dayanand Anglo Vedic High School which is an Arya Samaj institution. Bhagat Singh was deeply influenced by a number of incidents during his childhood. These events ignited the patriotism feel and his desire to take up the struggle for India’s independence. In the year 1919, when Bhagat Singh was 12 years old, he visited the site of the Jalianwala Bagh massacre, where a public meeting was held by a group of non violent people, and the people were fired upon by soldiers without warning. These soldiers were led by General Dyer and the firing killed hundreds of people and injured thousands. Bhagat Singh also took part in Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920 and openly defied the British by following Gandhiji’s wishes of burning his government school books and any imported British clothing he could find.

Role of Bhagat Singh in Indian Freedom Movement

When Bhagat Singh was 14 years old, he welcomed protesters against the Gurudwara Nankana Sahib firing of 20 February 1921 which killed a large number of unarmed protesters. He welcomed them to his village for the protest. In the year 1922, he joined the Young Revolutionary Movement advocating the violent overthrow of the British Empire in India. He did not favored Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy of non violence and was disillusioned after Gandhiji called off the non cooperation movement. Bhagat Singh studied European revolutionary movements and was attracted to anarchist and Marxist ideologies. He also became involved with numerous revolutionary organizations and quickly rose through the ranks of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) to become one of its main leaders and eventually changed the name of the association to Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HRSA). The association had prominent leaders such as Ram Prasad Bismil, Chandrasekhar Azad and Asfaqulla Khan. In the year 1923, Bhagat Singh joined the National College in Lahore. He excelled both in studies and extra curricular activities during his student life. He was a participant of the dramatics society in the college and was fluent in English, Urdu, Punjabi and Sanskrit languages. In the year 1923, Bhagat Singh won an essay competition set by the Punjab Hindi Sahitya Sanmelan. In his essay titled ‘Punjab’s Language and Script’, he wrote Punjabi literature and showed a deep understanding of the problems of afflicting Punjab. Bhagat Singh joined the Indian nationalist youth organization ‘Naujawan Bharat Sabha’ along with fellow revolutionaries and became popular in the organization. A year later, when his parents insisted marriage, in order to avoid the marriage, he ran away from his house to Cawnpore. It is also widely believed that Bhagat Singh went to Cawnpore to free the Kakori train robbery victims from jail but again returned to Lahore for various reasons. During a Dussehra celebration in October 1926, a bomb blasted in Lahore. Bhagat Singh was arrested for his alleged involvement in the Dussehra bomb blast case on 29th may 1927 and was subsequently released for exhibiting good behavior with a fine of Rs. 60,000. He was released about five weeks after his arrest. Bhagat Singh used to write for and also edited Urdu and Punjabi newspapers which were published from Amritsar. In September 1928, an All-India meeting was organized by the Kirti Kisan Party which included the revolutionaries in Delhi as Singh as its secretary. Bhagat Singh later became the association’s leader.

Lala Lajpat Rai’s death and the murder of Saunders

In the year 1928, the British government created a commission under Sir John Simon to report on the political situation in India of that time. The Indian political parties boycotted the commission as it did not have any Indian in its membership. The Commission thereby met with nationwide protests. When the commission visited Lahore on 30th October, 1928, a non violent protest against the commission was led by Lala Lajpat Rai in a silent march, but the police responded violently. James A. Scott, The superintendent of police, ordered the police to lathi charge the protesters and specially assault Lajpat Rai, who was grievously injured. When Lala Lajpat Rai died on 17th November, 1928, it was widely assumed that Scott’s blows led to his death. However, when this matter was put forward in the Parliament of the British, they completely denied the government’s role in Rai’s death. After that, Bhagat Singh vowed to take revenge and he and other revolutionaries like Shivaram Rajguru, Sukhdev Thapar, Jai Gopal and Chandrasekhar Azad planned to kill Scott. Jai Gopal was supposed to identify Scott and had to give signal to Singh to shoot Scott. However, in a case of mistaken identity, Jai Gopal signaled Bhagat Singh on the appearance of John.P. Saunders who was an assistant commissioner of police. Saunders was shot by Shivram Rajguru and Bhagat Singh while leaving the district police headquarters in Lahore in the evening on 17th December 1928. A head constable Chanan Singh was also killed when he came to Saunder’s aid. After killing John P. Saunders, fled to places of safety. The police launched a massive operation to find out the culprits and kept a block on all possible exits and entrances. Bhagat Singh and his associates hid for next two days. On 19th December, 1928, Sukhdev called on Durga Devi Vohra, wife of Bhagwati Charan Vohra for help which she agrees. They decided to catch a train from Lahore to Howrah. To avoid recognition, Bhagat Singh cut his hair short and shaved off his beard. In the early morning next day, dressed in Western attire, Bhagat Singh passed of a young couple with Vohra's child on his shoulder. Rajguru disguised as their servant carrying their luggage. At the station, Bhagat Singh managed to conceal his identity and escaped to Cawnpore. On reaching there, they boarded a train to Lahore. In Lucknow, Rajguru left separately for Benares while Bhagat Singh and Vohra with the child left for Howrah, with all except Bhagat Singh returning to Lahore few days later.

1929 Assembly bomb throwing incident

To combat the rise of revolutionaries like Bhagat Singh in the country, the British Government implemented the Defence of India Act 1915 that gave the police a free hand. Bhagat Singh influenced by August Vaillant, a French anarchist who bombed the French Chamber of Deputies on 9th December, 1893, Bhagat Singh put forward a proposal to explode a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly. This plan was agreed to and was initially decided that Batukeswar Dutt and Sukhdev would carry out the bombing while Bhagat Singh would go to the USSR. However, in a subsequent meeting it was decided that Batukeswar Dutt and Bhagat Singh would carry out the bombing. On 8th April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Dutt threw two bombs inside the assembly from the visitor’s gallery shouting the slogan ‘Inquilab Zindabad!’ and showered leaflets which stated that ‘it takes a loud noise to make the deaf hear’. The leaflet also claimed that the act was done to oppose the trade dispute and the public safety bill being presented in the Central Assembly and the death of Lala Lajpat Rai. The bombs filled the whole room with smoke and few sustained injuries though no one was dead. Bhagat Singh and Dutt claimed that this was deliberately done on their part. This was a claim which was sustained by British forensic investigators who found out the bombs were not powerful enough to kill people and by the fact that the bombs were thrown by people. Thereafter, as planned Bhagat Singh and Dutt was arrested by the police.

Trial of Bhagat Singh

Both Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutt were charged with attempt to murder and the trail began on 7th May 1929. There were doubts which rose about the accuracy of the testimony offered at the trial. One of the key discrepancies was the possession of a pistol by Bhagat Singh. The both accused were sent to the Sessions court of Judge Leonard Middleton who ruled that Singh and Dutt’s actions have been deliberate as the bombs had shattered the one and a half inch deep wooden floor in the hall. Their appeal was subsequently turned down and both were sentenced to 14 years of rigorous imprisonment. On 15th April 1929, the ‘Lahore bomb factory’ was discovered by the police which led to the arrest of the other members of HSRA out of which seven members turned informants and helped the police to connect the murder of Saunders with Bhagat Singh. Subsequently, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar and Shivram Rajguru were charged with the murder of Saunders. Singh decided to use the court of publicize his cause for the Indian independence. Bhagat Singh was re-arrested for murdering Saunders and Chanan Singh based on substantial evidence against him including the statements of some of his associates. Bhagat Singh’s life sentence in the Assembly Bomb case was deferred till the Saunder’s case was decided and he was transferred to the Mainwali jail from the Delhi jail where he witnessed discrimination between the European and Indian prisoners. This made other prisoners to go on a hunger strike to protest against the discrimination. The protesters demanded equality in food, clothing and toiletries. They also demanded availability of books and newspaper for political prisoners. It was also demanded that no manual labor or undignified work be forcefully done by them. The British government tried to break the strike through their different efforts. They kept food items and water pitchers to tempt them to end their strike, but the protestors refused to budge. The authorities then attempted forcing food using feeding tubes into the prisoners but were resisted. By then, since the activities of the hunger strikers has gained popularity and attention among the people, the government decided to begin with the Saunder’s murder trial which was later called the Lahore Conspiracy Case. Bhagat Singh was later shifted to Borstal jail where the trial began on 10th July 1929. In addition to charging with the murder of Saunders, Bhagat Singh along with 27 other prisoners were also charged with plotting a conspiracy to kill Scott and waging a war. During that time, the health of another hunger striker, Jatindra Nath Das, logged in the same jail was deteriorating considerably. Subsequently he was released on bail and on 13th September 1929, he died after a 63 day hunger strike. This death led to protests around India. Bhagat Singh then finally heeded to a resolution of the Congress party and his father’s request and ended his 116 day long hunger strike on 5th October 1929. During his strike, Bhagat Singh became popular among the Indians. Meanwhile, as the Saunder’s murder trial was running slow, the Viceroy, Lord Irwin declared an emergency on 1st May 1930 and promulgated an ordinance setting up a special tribunal which composed of three high court judges. The ordinance cut short the normal process of justice and on July 1930, the tribunal decided to press charges against only 15 out of 18 accused. The tribunal conducted the trial from 5th May 1930 to 19th May 1930. Finally on 7th October 1930, the tribunal delivered its 300 page judgement based on all the evidence and concluded that involvement of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru was proved beyond any doubt in Saunder’s murder and sentenced them to death by hanging. All The remaining 12 accused were all sentenced to severe life imprisonment. Mean while in Punjab, a defence committee was set up which drew a plan to appeal in the secret Council. Bhagat Singh was initially against the appeal, but later he agreed in the hope that the appeal would popularize the HSRA in Great Britain.The appellants made an objection to the ordinance that tribunal was invalid. The appeal was dismissed by Judge Viscount Dunedin. Bhagat Singh used to maintain a diary in the prison which eventually grew to include 404 pages. In the diary, he made notes regarding different sayings and quotations of various people he came across. There were prominent sayings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Singh also wrote a pamphlet entitled ‘Why I am an Atheist’ in response to him being accused of vanity by not accepting God in the face of death. It is also said that Bhagat singh signed a mercy petition through a comrade Bijoy Kumar Sinha on 8th March 1931.

Death of Bhagat Singh

Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar and Shivram Rajguru were ordered to be hanged on 24th March 1931. On 17th March 1931, the Punjab home secretary, sent a telegram to the home department in New Delhi fixing the execution on 23rd March 1931. Bhagat Singh was subsequently informed that his execution was advanced by 11 hours on 23rd March 1931 just few hours of his execution. He was hanged on 23rd March 1931 at 7.30 pm in Lahore jail with his fellow comrades Rajguru and Sukhdev. The authorities of the jail then broke the rear wall of the jail and secretly cremated the three martyrs under the cover of darkness outside Ganda Singh Wala village and then threw their ashes into the Sutlej River. Bhagat SinghThe execution of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev were widely reported by the press, especially because they were on the eve of the annual convention of the Congress party in Karachi. Mahatma Gandhi faced black flag demonstrations by angry youths who shouted ‘Down with Gandhi’. Bhagat Singh’s death inspired thousands of youth to assist the remainder of the Indian Independence movement. After his hanging, many youths in north India rioted in protest against the British Empire and Mahatma Gandhi.

Bhagat Singh

Memorials of Bhagat Singh

On 15th August 2008, an 18 foot tall bronze statue of Bhagat Singh was installed in the Indian parliament next to the statues of Indira Gandhi and Subhas Chandra Bose. A portrait of Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutt also adorns the wall of the Parliament House. Bhagat Singh was cremated in Hussainiwala on the banks of the Sutlej River. During partition, the cremation spot went to Pakistan. However, on 17th January 1962, it was transferred to India in exchange for 12 villages near the Sulemanki Headworks to Pakistan. The National Martyrs Memorial was built on that cremation spot in 1968. The memorial is located one km from the India-Pakistan border on the Indian side and has memorials of Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev. Every year on 23rd March, the ‘Shaheedi Mela’ is observed at this memorial in which thousands of people pay their homage. This day is also observed across the state of Punjab. The Shaheed-e-Azam Sardar Bhagat Singh Museum in Khatkar Kalan, Bhagat Singh’s native place was opened on his 50th death anniversary. The museum holds memorable belongings of Bhagat Singh, his half burnt ashes, the blood soaked sand and blood stained newspaper in which the ashes were wrapped. A page of the first Lahore Conspiracy Case judgement through which Kartar Singh Sarabha was sentenced to death and on which Bhagat Singh put some notes are also displayed there. A copy of the Bhagavad-Gita with Bhagat Singh’s signature which was given to him in Lahore jail and other personal belongings are also there in the museum. The Bhagat Singh Memorial was built in the year 2009 in Khatkar Kalan. The Supreme Court established a museum to display landmarks in the history of India’s judicial system. The first exhibition which was organized was the ‘Trial of Bhagat Singh’ which opened on 28th September 2007 on the birth centenary celebrations of Singh. The youth of present day India still draw immense inspirations from Bhagat Singh. He was voted as the ‘Greatest Indian’ in a poll by the Indian magazine ‘India Today’ in the year 2008 ahead of Subhas Chandra Bose and Mahatma Gandhi. During the centenary of Bhagat Singh’s birth, a group of intellectuals set up an institution named Bhagat Singh Sansthan to commemorate Bhagat Singh and his ideals. The Indian parliament paid tributes and observed silence as a mark of respect in the memory of Bhagat Singh on 23rd March 2001 and 2005.

Portrayal of Bhagat Singh in Literature and Movies

Bollywood films have been made portraying Bhagat Singh and his life. The first is ‘Shaheed-e-Azad Bhagat Singh’ (1954) followed by ‘Shaheed Bhagat Singh’ (1963) starring Shammi Kapoor as Bhagat Singh. After two years, Manoj Kumar portrayed Bhagat Singh in the film ‘Shaheed’. After that three more landmark films were released in the year 2002 based on his life. The first one ‘Shaheed-E-Azam’ was directed by Sukumar Nair and starred Sonu Sood. The second was ‘23rd march 1931: Shaheed’ where the character of Bhagat Singh was portrayed by Bobby Deol. Another film ‘The Legend of Bhagat Singh’ the character was portrayed by Ajay Devgan. The 2006 film ‘Rang De Basanti’ draws parallel between the revolutionaries of Bhagat Singh’s era and modern India youth. In the year 2008, the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library (NMML) and Act Now for Harmony and Democracy (ANHAD), a non profit organization, co-produced a 40 minute documentary in Bhagat Singh titled ‘Inquilab’ and were directed by Gauhar Raza. There are many songs portraying the patriotism of Bhagat Singh and his fellow revolutionaries. The patriotic Hindi-Urdu songs ‘Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna’ and ‘Mera Rang De Basanti Chola’ while created by Ram Prasad Bismil are largely associated with Bhagat Singh’s martyrdom and have been used in a number of films portraying the character of Bhagat Singh. In the year 1968, a postal stamp was issued in India commemorating the 61st birth anniversary of Bhagat Singh. On September 2006, the Indian Government decided to issue commemorative coins in his memory. However, the coins have still not been issued.

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COMMENTS

  1. Bhagat Singh

    Bhagat Singh, revolutionary hero of the Indian independence movement. In 1928 he plotted with others to kill the police chief responsible for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai, but in a case of mistaken identity junior officer J.P. Saunders was killed. Three years later Bhagat Singh was hanged for the murder of Saunders.

  2. Bhagat Singh

    Bhagat Singh (28 September 1907 - 23 March 1931) was an Indian anti-colonial revolutionary, who participated in the mistaken murder of a junior British police officer in December 1928 in what was to be retaliation for the death of an Indian nationalist. He later took part in a largely symbolic bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi and a hunger strike in jail, which—on the ...

  3. Shaheed Bhagat Singh Biography

    Childhood and Early Life. Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907, at Banga in Lyallpur district (now Pakistan) to Kishan Singh and Vidyavati. At the time of his birth, his father Kishan Singh, uncles Ajit and Swaran Singh were in jail for demonstrations against the Colonization Bill implemented in 1906. His uncle, Sardar Ajit Singh, was a ...

  4. Bhagat Singh

    Bhagat Singh was born in Punjab, India (now Pakistan), on September 27, 1907, to a Sikh family deeply involved in political activities. He quit school at thirteen to devote his life to Indian ...

  5. Bhagat Singh Biography

    Singh was executed by hanging on March 23, 1931, at Lahore jail at the age of 23. Despite his short life, Bhagat Singh left a lasting legacy in the struggle for Indian independence. He is revered by many as a martyr and symbol of resistance to British colonialism in India. His example continues to inspire new generations of activists worldwide.

  6. Bhagat Singh Biography: Birth, Age, Education, Jailterm, Execution, and

    Fondly called Shaheed Bhagat Singh, many consider him one of the earliest Marxists of India. PM Modi paid his tributes to freedom fighter Bhagat Singh on his 116 birth anniversary. On his X ...

  7. Bhagat Singh Biography, History and Revolutionary Activities

    Bhagat Singh Jayanti, also known as Shaheed Bhagat Singh's birth anniversary, is observed on September 28th every year. It commemorates the birth anniversary of Bhagat Singh, a prominent freedom fighter of India and revolutionary in India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule. On this day, people across India pay tribute to ...

  8. Shaheed Bhagat Singh

    Bhagat Singh (September 27, 1907 - March 23, 1931) was an Indian Sikh freedom fighter, considered to be one of the most famous martyrs of the Indian independence movement. For this reason, he is often referred to as Shaheed Bhagat Singh (the word shaheed means "martyr"). He is also believed by many to be one of the earliest Marxists in India and has been labelled so by the Communist Party of ...

  9. Bhagat Singh

    Bhagat Singh. Bhagat Singh (Punjabi: ਭਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ بھگت سنگھہ, IPA: [pə˨gət̪ sɪ˦ŋg]) (September 28, [1] 1907-March 23, 1931) fought an Indian freedom fighter, considered one of the most famous revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement. For that reason, Indians often refer to him as Shaheed Bhagat Singh (the ...

  10. Shaheed Bhagat Singh Biography, History of Sardar Bhagat Singh

    The first is 'Shaheed-e-Azad Bhagat Singh' (1954) followed by 'Shaheed Bhagat Singh' (1963) starring Shammi Kapoor as Bhagat Singh. After two years, Manoj Kumar portrayed Bhagat Singh in the film 'Shaheed'. After that three more landmark films were released in the year 2002 based on his life. The first one 'Shaheed-E-Azam' was ...

  11. Shaheed Bhagat Singh: Biography, Contributions, and Legacy

    Shaheed Bhagat Singh: Role in India's Freedom Struggle and Advocacy for Social Reforms. Associations: He was a prominent member of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), which was a left-wing radical revolutionary organization.

  12. Shaheed Bhagat Singh Biography, History and Facts

    Shaheed Bhagat Singh Biography About Bhagat Singh. Bhagat Singh, one of the most influential revolutionaries of the Indian Nationalist Movement, is a prominent name in the Indian freedom struggle.

  13. Bhagat Singh Biography: Life, Death, Slogans and Legacy

    Bhagat Singh Death Date is March 23, 1931, in Lahore, which is now in Pakistan. His death occurred as a result of his execution by hanging. Bhagat Singh willingly embraced martyrdom for the cause of India's freedom from British rule. His sacrifice continues to inspire people, and the date of his death, March 23rd, is observed as Shaheed Diwas ...

  14. Bhagat Singh Biography: Birth, Age, Education, Jail-term, Execution

    Bhagat Singh Biography: Birth, Age, Education, Jail-term, Execution, and More About Shaheed-e-Azam | Shaheed Diwas Bhagat Singh was a zealous revolutionary of the Indian freedom struggle who made the ultimate sacrifice trying to deliver his motherland from the chains of slavery...

  15. 10 Major Achievements of Shaheed Bhagat Singh

    Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907 in the village of Banga ( in present day Pakistan), Punjab, in British Colonial India.At the time of his birth, his father Kishan Singh; and his uncles Ajit and Swaran Singh were in jail for demonstrations against the Colonization Bill implemented in 1906.Brought up in a Sikh family deeply involved in the Indian nationalistic groups, Bhagat Singh was ...

  16. Biography Of Bhagat Singh, Shaheed Bhagat Singh

    Bhagat Singh, a revered figure in India's freedom struggle, was born on September 27, 1907, in Punjab. His unwavering commitment to the cause of independence made him an iconic leader and symbol of resistance. This short note delves into the life, contributions, and legacy of the revolutionary hero, Bhagat Singh.

  17. Full text of "Path Of Revolution A Biography Of Shaheed Bhagat Singh"

    Bhagat. Singh was a natural leader of his group from childhood. He led. them in school, showing new turns of sensibility. He was. 'Bhaganwalla' — fortune-endowed — for his parents, beloved of. his school-fellows and a boy of many talents for his teachers. He was a popular leader of the revolutionaries.

  18. Shaheed Bhagat Singh Biography • The Mysterious India

    About Shaheed Bhagat Singh. Shaheed Bhagat Singh 's real name is Shaheed Abhishek Chetri (27 September 1907 - 23 March 1931) belongs to Sikh Jatt Family who becomes one of the most influencial thoroughgoing in India's independence movement. Born: 27 September 1907 - Jaranwala Tehsil, Lyaalpur Punjab, British India (Currently In Punjab)

  19. Bhagat Singh Biography

    Bhagat Singh Biography :- Shaheed Bhagat Singh, India's most famous freedom fighter, gave up his life for his country at the age of just 23.Bhagat Singh was a youth icon during India's freedom struggle, who used to inspire the youth to lead the country. Bhagat Singh was born in a Sikh family, and from childhood he saw the British oppressing Indians , Due to which he made an idea to do ...

  20. Shaheed Diwas: When Bhagat Singh rebuked his father for writing a mercy

    March 23 is observed as Shaheed Diwas, or Martyr's Day, in India. On this day in 1931, Bhagat Singh, along with fellow revolutionaries Sukhdev Thapar and S Rajguru, were hanged to death in Lahore's Central Jail, for murdering British police officer John Saunders.

  21. Shaheed Bhagat Singh: The Man, the Myths, the Legend

    March 23rd, 2024 marks the 93rd death anniversary of revolutionary and national hero, Bhagat Singh, who was hanged for the mistaken murder of British officer John Saunders. Variously given the ...

  22. The Legend of Bhagat Singh

    The Legend of Bhagat Singh is a 2002 Indian Hindi-language biographical period film directed by Rajkumar Santoshi.The film is about Bhagat Singh, a revolutionary who fought for Indian independence along with fellow members of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.It features Ajay Devgan as the titular character along with Sushant Singh, D. Santosh and Akhilendra Mishra as the other ...

  23. Bhagat Singh: A Biography by Jitendra Nath Sanyal

    This is regarded as the first biography on Shaheed Bhagat Singh, authored by Jatinder Sanyal, a comrade of Bhagat Singh who was tried as co-conspirator in Lahore Conspiracy Case, but was released due to lack of evidence. Published in May 1931, nearly 2 months post martyrdom of Bhagat Singh, the book gives an account from a man who was not only ...

  24. 'Need to discover the real ideologies of Bhagat Singh', says ...

    As we mark the death anniversary of the martyrs, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru on 23rd March, here is an interview with Prof Jagmohan Singh, not only an acclaimed historian and writer but also ...

  25. PDF Biography Of Bhagat Singh

    Shaheed-e-Azam Bhagat Singh (1907-31). If we have a close look on the account of India's struggle for freedom, we shall find Bhagat Singh as a distinguished personality of the country. As he was born on 28 September 1907, he was just 23 years, 5 months and 25 days old at the time of his martyrdom i.e. 23 March 1931.

  26. Remembering Bhagat Singh: All you need to know about the freedom

    - At the age of 23, Bhagat Singh was convicted and hanged in the Lahore jail along with Shivaram Hari, Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar on March 23, 1931, because they refused to give in to the ...

  27. Shaheed Diwas 2024

    Lesser-known facts about Bhagat Singh Bhagat Singh was proficient in multiple languages, including Urdu, Punjabi, Hindi, and English. His linguistic abilities allowed him to communicate effectively with people from diverse backgrounds and regions. In his early days, Bhagat Singh was a supporter of Mahatma Gandhi's ideals of non-violence.

  28. शहीद भगत सिंह के वो क्रांतिकारी विचार जो हर भारतीय को जानने चाहिए

    आज ही के दिन, 1931 में भगत सिंह, शिवराम राजगुरु और सुखदेव थापर ने देश की आज़ादी का सपना दिल में बसाकर मुस्‍कुराते हुए फांसी के फंदे को चूम लिया था.

  29. Shaheed Bhagat Singh Biography, History of Sardar Bhagat Sing

    The first is 'Shaheed-e-Azad Bhagat Singh' (1954) followed by 'Shaheed Bhagat Singh' (1963) starring Shammi Kapoor as Bhagat Singh. After two years, Manoj Kumar portrayed Bhagat Singh in the film 'Shaheed'. After that three more landmark films were released in the year 2002 based on his life. The first one 'Shaheed-E-Azam' was ...