What’s Included: The Dissertation Template
If you’re preparing to write your dissertation, thesis or research project, our free dissertation template is the perfect starting point. In the template, we cover every section step by step, with clear, straightforward explanations and examples .
The template’s structure is based on the tried and trusted best-practice format for formal academic research projects such as dissertations and theses. The template structure reflects the overall research process, ensuring your dissertation or thesis will have a smooth, logical flow from chapter to chapter.
The dissertation template covers the following core sections:
- The title page/cover page
- Abstract (sometimes also called the executive summary)
- Table of contents
- List of figures /list of tables
- Chapter 1: Introduction (also available: in-depth introduction template )
- Chapter 2: Literature review (also available: in-depth LR template )
- Chapter 3: Methodology (also available: in-depth methodology template )
- Chapter 4: Research findings /results (also available: results template )
- Chapter 5: Discussion /analysis of findings (also available: discussion template )
- Chapter 6: Conclusion (also available: in-depth conclusion template )
- Reference list
Each section is explained in plain, straightforward language , followed by an overview of the key elements that you need to cover within each section. We’ve also included practical examples to help you understand exactly what’s required in each section.
The cleanly-formatted Google Doc can be downloaded as a fully editable MS Word Document (DOCX format), so you can use it as-is or convert it to LaTeX.
FAQs: Dissertation Template
What format is the template (doc, pdf, ppt, etc.).
The dissertation template is provided as a Google Doc. You can download it in MS Word format or make a copy to your Google Drive. You’re also welcome to convert it to whatever format works best for you, such as LaTeX or PDF.
What types of dissertations/theses can this template be used for?
The template follows the standard best-practice structure for formal academic research projects such as dissertations or theses, so it is suitable for the vast majority of degrees, particularly those within the sciences.
Some universities may have some additional requirements, but these are typically minor, with the core structure remaining the same. Therefore, it’s always a good idea to double-check your university’s requirements before you finalise your structure.
Will this work for a research paper?
A research paper follows a similar format, but there are a few differences. You can find our research paper template here .
Is this template for an undergrad, Masters or PhD-level thesis?
This template can be used for a dissertation, thesis or research project at any level of study. It may be slight overkill for an undergraduate-level study, but it certainly won’t be missing anything.
How long should my dissertation/thesis be?
This depends entirely on your university’s specific requirements, so it’s best to check with them. As a general ballpark, Masters-level projects are usually 15,000 – 20,000 words in length, while Doctoral-level projects are often in excess of 60,000 words.
What about the research proposal?
If you’re still working on your research proposal, we’ve got a template for that here .
We’ve also got loads of proposal-related guides and videos over on the Grad Coach blog .
How do I write a literature review?
We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack how to write a literature review from scratch. You can check out the literature review section of the blog here.
How do I create a research methodology?
We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack research methodology, both qualitative and quantitative. You can check out the methodology section of the blog here.
Can I share this dissertation template with my friends/colleagues?
Yes, you’re welcome to share this template. If you want to post about it on your blog or social media, all we ask is that you reference this page as your source.
Can Grad Coach help me with my dissertation/thesis?
Within the template, you’ll find plain-language explanations of each section, which should give you a fair amount of guidance. However, you’re also welcome to consider our dissertation and thesis coaching services .
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- Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates
Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates
Published on June 7, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on November 21, 2023.
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical early steps in your writing process . It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding the specifics of your dissertation topic and showcasing its relevance to your field.
Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:
- Your anticipated title
- Your abstract
- Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review, research methods, avenues for future research, etc.)
In the final product, you can also provide a chapter outline for your readers. This is a short paragraph at the end of your introduction to inform readers about the organizational structure of your thesis or dissertation. This chapter outline is also known as a reading guide or summary outline.
Table of contents
How to outline your thesis or dissertation, dissertation and thesis outline templates, chapter outline example, sample sentences for your chapter outline, sample verbs for variation in your chapter outline, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about thesis and dissertation outlines.
While there are some inter-institutional differences, many outlines proceed in a fairly similar fashion.
- Working Title
- “Elevator pitch” of your work (often written last).
- Introduce your area of study, sharing details about your research question, problem statement , and hypotheses . Situate your research within an existing paradigm or conceptual or theoretical framework .
- Subdivide as you see fit into main topics and sub-topics.
- Describe your research methods (e.g., your scope , population , and data collection ).
- Present your research findings and share about your data analysis methods.
- Answer the research question in a concise way.
- Interpret your findings, discuss potential limitations of your own research and speculate about future implications or related opportunities.
For a more detailed overview of chapters and other elements, be sure to check out our article on the structure of a dissertation or download our template .
To help you get started, we’ve created a full thesis or dissertation template in Word or Google Docs format. It’s easy adapt it to your own requirements.
Download Word template Download Google Docs template
It can be easy to fall into a pattern of overusing the same words or sentence constructions, which can make your work monotonous and repetitive for your readers. Consider utilizing some of the alternative constructions presented below.
Example 1: Passive construction
The passive voice is a common choice for outlines and overviews because the context makes it clear who is carrying out the action (e.g., you are conducting the research ). However, overuse of the passive voice can make your text vague and imprecise.
Example 2: IS-AV construction
You can also present your information using the “IS-AV” (inanimate subject with an active verb ) construction.
A chapter is an inanimate object, so it is not capable of taking an action itself (e.g., presenting or discussing). However, the meaning of the sentence is still easily understandable, so the IS-AV construction can be a good way to add variety to your text.
Example 3: The “I” construction
Another option is to use the “I” construction, which is often recommended by style manuals (e.g., APA Style and Chicago style ). However, depending on your field of study, this construction is not always considered professional or academic. Ask your supervisor if you’re not sure.
Example 4: Mix-and-match
To truly make the most of these options, consider mixing and matching the passive voice , IS-AV construction , and “I” construction .This can help the flow of your argument and improve the readability of your text.
As you draft the chapter outline, you may also find yourself frequently repeating the same words, such as “discuss,” “present,” “prove,” or “show.” Consider branching out to add richness and nuance to your writing. Here are some examples of synonyms you can use.
If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!
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When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .
The title page of your thesis or dissertation goes first, before all other content or lists that you may choose to include.
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.
- Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review , research methods , avenues for future research, etc.)
Cite this Scribbr article
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
George, T. (2023, November 21). Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved April 2, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/dissertation-thesis-outline/
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Organize your thesis writing process with a comprehensive planner
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What is Thesis Planning Template?
Thesis writing can be a daunting task, with numerous ideas, research questions, and resources to manage. This thesis planning template is designed to help you stay organized from the very beginning, keeping track of all your notes, drafts, and resources. With an adjustable schedule and a centralized resource center, you can ensure that you stay on top of your thesis writing process and ace your final submission.
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Who is this Thesis Planning Template for?
This template is perfect for graduate students, researchers, and academics who are in the process of writing a thesis or a major research paper. Whether you are just starting your research or already deep into the writing process, this template can help you stay organized, manage your time effectively, and ensure that you meet all your deadlines.
Why use this Thesis Planning Template?
Keep track of all your ideas, research questions, and potential topics in one place, making it easy to review and refine your thesis focus.
Create a realistic and adjustable schedule with start and end dates for key tasks and milestones, ensuring that you stay on track and meet your deadlines.
Develop a centralized resource center for all your sources, making it easy to reference and cite them later in your thesis.
Stay organized and reduce stress by having a clear overview of your entire thesis writing process, from brainstorming to final submission.
Easily collaborate with your thesis advisor or peers by sharing your progress and receiving feedback within the template.
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- Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates
Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates
Published on 8 June 2022 by Tegan George .
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical early steps in your writing process . It helps you to lay out and organise your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.
Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation, such as:
- Your anticipated title
- Your abstract
- Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review, research methods, avenues for future research, etc.)
In the final product, you can also provide a chapter outline for your readers. This is a short paragraph at the end of your introduction to inform readers about the organisational structure of your thesis or dissertation . This chapter outline is also known as a reading guide or summary outline.
Table of contents
How to outline your thesis or dissertation, dissertation and thesis outline templates, chapter outline example, sample sentences for your chapter outline, sample verbs for variation in your chapter outline, frequently asked questions about outlines.
While there are some inter-institutional differences, many outlines proceed in a fairly similar fashion.
- Working Title
- ‘Elevator pitch’ of your work (often written last).
- Introduce your area of study, sharing details about your research question, problem statement , and hypotheses . Situate your research within an existing paradigm or conceptual or theoretical framework .
- Subdivide as you see fit into main topics and sub-topics.
- Describe your research methods (e.g., your scope, population , and data collection ).
- Present your research findings and share about your data analysis methods.
- Answer the research question in a concise way.
- Interpret your findings, discuss potential limitations of your own research and speculate about future implications or related opportunities.
To help you get started, we’ve created a full thesis or dissertation template in Word or Google Docs format. It’s easy adapt it to your own requirements.
Download Word template Download Google Docs template
It can be easy to fall into a pattern of overusing the same words or sentence constructions, which can make your work monotonous and repetitive for your readers. Consider utilising some of the alternative constructions presented below.
Example 1: Passive construction
The passive voice is a common choice for outlines and overviews because the context makes it clear who is carrying out the action (e.g., you are conducting the research ). However, overuse of the passive voice can make your text vague and imprecise.
Example 2: IS-AV construction
You can also present your information using the ‘IS-AV’ (inanimate subject with an active verb) construction.
A chapter is an inanimate object, so it is not capable of taking an action itself (e.g., presenting or discussing). However, the meaning of the sentence is still easily understandable, so the IS-AV construction can be a good way to add variety to your text.
Example 3: The I construction
Another option is to use the ‘I’ construction, which is often recommended by style manuals (e.g., APA Style and Chicago style ). However, depending on your field of study, this construction is not always considered professional or academic. Ask your supervisor if you’re not sure.
Example 4: Mix-and-match
To truly make the most of these options, consider mixing and matching the passive voice , IS-AV construction , and ‘I’ construction .This can help the flow of your argument and improve the readability of your text.
As you draft the chapter outline, you may also find yourself frequently repeating the same words, such as ‘discuss’, ‘present’, ‘prove’, or ‘show’. Consider branching out to add richness and nuance to your writing. Here are some examples of synonyms you can use.
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organise your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.
When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .
All level 1 and 2 headings should be included in your table of contents . That means the titles of your chapters and the main sections within them.
The contents should also include all appendices and the lists of tables and figures, if applicable, as well as your reference list .
Do not include the acknowledgements or abstract in the table of contents.
Cite this Scribbr article
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the ‘Cite this Scribbr article’ button to automatically add the citation to our free Reference Generator.
George, T. (2022, June 08). Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved 2 April 2024, from https://www.scribbr.co.uk/thesis-dissertation/outline-thesis-dissertation/
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A Guide to Dissertation Planning: Tips, Tools and Templates
Dissertations are a defining piece of academic research and writing for all students. To complete such a large research project while maintaining a good work-life balance, planning and organisation is essential. In this article, we’ll outline three categories for dissertation planning including project management, note-taking and information management, alongside tools and templates for planning and researching effectively.
For both undergraduates and postgraduates, a dissertation is an important piece of academic research and writing. A large research project often has many moving parts from managing information, meetings, and data to completing a lengthy write-up with drafts and edits. Although this can feel daunting, getting ahead with effective planning and organisation will make this process easier. By implementing project management techniques and tools, you can define a research and writing workflow that allows you to work systematically. This will enable you to engage in critical thinking and deep work, rather than worrying about organisation and deadlines.
To get prepared, you can do two things: First, start your preliminary readings and research to define a topic and methodology. You can do this in summer or during the first few weeks of university but the sooner, the better. This gives you time to discuss things with your supervisor, and really choose a topic of interest. Second, begin preparing the tools and techniques you’ll be using for your research and writing workflow. You can use the preliminary research phase to test these out, and see what works for you.
Below, we’ll cover three key aspects to consider when managing your dissertation, alongside some digital tools for planning, research and writing.
The 3 Categories of Dissertation Planning
Project Management and Planning
Your dissertation is a project that requires both long and short-term planning. For long-term planning, roadmaps are useful to break your work down into sections, chapters or stages. This will give you a clear outline of the steps you need to work through to complete your dissertation in a timely manner.
Most likely, your roadmap will be a mixture of the stages in your research project and the sections of your write-up. For example, stage 1 might be defined as preliminary research and proposal writing. While stage 3 might be completing your literature review, while collecting data.
This roadmap can be supplemented by a timeline of deadlines, this is when those stages or chapters need to be completed by. Your timeline will inform your short-term plans, and define the tasks that need completing on a daily, weekly or monthly basis. This approach, using a roadmap and timeline, allows you to capture all the moving parts of your dissertation, and focus on small sub-sections at a time. A clear plan can make it easy to manage setbacks, such as data collection issues, or needing more time for editing.
Note-taking
Whether you use a notebook, or digital tool, it’s ideal to have a dedicated research space for taking general notes. This might include meeting notes from supervision, important information from informational dissertation lectures, or key reminders, ideas and thoughts. It can be your go-to place for miscellaneous to-do lists, or to map out your thought processes. It’s good to have something on hand that is easy to access, and keeps your notes together in one place.
Beyond this, you’ll also need a dedicated space or system for literature and research notes. These notes are important for avoiding plagiarism, communicating your ideas, and connecting key findings together. A proper system or space can make it easier to manage this information, and find the appropriate reference material when writing. Within this system, you might also include templates or checklists, for example, a list of critical reading questions to work through when assessing a paper.
Information Management
It’s important to consider how you plan to organise your literature, important documents, and written work. Note-taking is a part of this, however, this goes a step further to carefully organise all aspects of your dissertation. For example, it’s ideal to keep track of your literature searches, the papers you’ve read, and their citations but also, your reading progress. Being able to keep track of how many passes a paper has been through, how relevant it is, or where it fits within your themes, or ideas, will provide a good foundation for writing a well-thought out dissertation.
Likewise, editing is an important part of the write-up process. You’ll have multiple drafts, revisions and feedback to consider. It’s good to have some way of keeping track of all this, to ensure all changes and edits have been completed. You might also have checklists or procedures to follow when collecting data, or working through your research. A good information management process can reduce stress, making everything easy to access and keep track of, which then allows you to focus on getting the actual work complete.
Digital Project Management and Research Tools for Dissertation Planning
Trello is a project management tool that uses boards, lists and cards to help you manage all your tasks. In a board, you can create lists, and place cards within these lists. Cards contain a range of information such as notes, checklists, and due dates. Cards and lists can be used to implement a digital kanban board system , allowing you to move cards into a ‘to-do’, ‘in progress’ or ‘complete’ list. This gives a visual representation of your progress.
This is a flexible, easy to use and versatile tool that can help with project management of your dissertation. For example, cards and lists can be used to track your literature, each card can represent a paper and lists could be 1st pass, 2nd pass, or be divided into themes. Likewise, you can use this approach to organise the various chapters or stages of your dissertation, and break down tasks in a visual way. Students have used Trello to manage academic literature reviews , daily life as an academic , and collaborate with their supervisors for feedback and revisions on their write-up.
Notion is an all-in-one note-taking and project management tool that is highly customisable. Using content blocks, pages, and databases, this tool allows you to build a workspace tailored to your needs. Databases are a key feature of Notion, this function allows you to organise and define pages using a range of properties such as tags, dates, numbers, categories and more. This database can then be displayed in a multitude of ways using different views, and filters.
For example, you can create a table with each entry being a page of meeting notes with your supervisor, you can assign a date, person, and tags to each page. You can then filter this information by date, or view it in a board format. Likewise, you can use the calendar to add deadlines, within these deadlines, you can expand the page to add information, and switch to ‘timeline’ view . This is perfect for implementing project management techniques when planning your dissertation.
Although this may sound complicated, there are many templates and resources to get you started . Notion is an ideal tool for covering all three aspects of dissertation planning from project and information management to note-taking of all kinds. Students have used Notion for literature reviews , thesis writing , long-term PhD planning , thesis management , and academic writing . The best part, these students not only share their systems, but have also created free templates to help you build your own system for research.
Asana is a project management and to-do list tool that uses boards, lists, timelines and calendars. If you’re someone who prefers using lists to organise your life and projects, Asana is ideal for you. You can use this tool to manage deadlines, reading progress, or break down your work into projects and sub-tasks. Asana can integrate with your calendar, which is perfect if you already use other calendar tools for organisation. If something like Notion is too overwhelming, using a mixture of tools with different purposes can be a more comfortable approach.
Genei is an AI-powered research tool for note-taking and literature management. Your research and reading material can be imported, and organised using projects and folders. For each file, genei produces an AI-powered summary, document outline, keyword list and overview. This tool also extracts key information such as tables, figures, and all the references mentioned. You can read through documents 70% faster but also, collect related articles by clicking on the items in the reference list. Genei can generate citations, and be used alongside other popular reference management tools, such as Zotero and Mendeley .
This tool is ideal for navigating information management and literature notes for your dissertation. You can compile notes across single documents or folders of documents using the AI-generated summaries. These notes remain linked to their original source, which removes the need for you to keep track of this information. If you find it hard to reword content, there’s also summarising and paraphrasing tools to help get you started. Genei is a great tool to use alongside project management solutions, such as Trello and Asana, and note-taking tools like Notion. You can define an efficient research and writing workflow using these range of tools, and make it easier to stay on top of your dissertation.
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Dissertation Planner: Plan & Research
- Getting Started
- Prepare & Propose
- Plan & Research
- Write & Edit
- Defense & Closure
- Help & Resources
Create a Work Plan
- Big Picture
- Little Picture
- Revise & Reward
- To Recap...
Researching and writing your dissertation is a huge, complex undertaking. Before beginning, check with your advisor and your department/college about specific dissertation research-and-writing conventions in your discipline. The instructions in this section are offered as general suggestions and not as definitive guidance for the University of Kentucky requirements.
In order to manage the dissertation writing process, you should CREATE A WORK PLAN . A work plan will help you:
- Break down the large, overwhelming process of writing a dissertation into manageable steps;
- Keep a "daily commitment" to your dissertation;
- Discover and take advantage of your most productive work habits;
- Set goals and reward yourself for achieving them; and
- Balance dissertation writing with the other aspects of your life.
To start your work plan, you should assess your own goals and work habits as well as those of your advisor, committee, and department. Think about questions like:
- When would you like to complete and defend your dissertation?
- To meet this deadline, how much will you need to work every day/week/month?
Start your work plan by setting a completion goal, the date by which you would like to have your dissertation complete.
Then, think about the "big picture" issues. Talk to your advisor about all of the steps and associated deadlines for your specific program. Completing a dissertation involves many smaller deadlines along the way to the final deadline. You need to have a complete understanding of what is expected of you throughout this process. Once you know all the smaller deadlines and steps you will need to complete, map them out along the timeline set by your completion goal.
Once you know all of the deadlines and requirements, think about the "little picture" issues. Most importantly, how will you manage your time? You should map out all of your absolutely unbreakable time commitments to identify what remaining time is available for you to use on your dissertation. Additionally, you should:
- Establish a regular work schedule;
- Figure out when and how you work best and try to maximize these advantages;
- Find productive and positive work spaces;
- Eliminate distractions while you work;
- Create "ready to write" rituals that help you get started every day;
- Base your daily goals and requirements on output instead of time worked; and
- Save your "mindless work" (such as formatting, transcribing, etc.) for when you are blocked so you can still make progress every day.
Check out this video for time management tips:
When you are first starting, set a specific amount of time (such as two weeks to a month) as a pilot test for your work plan. Stick to your plan during this pilot test, then evaluate and revise your plan. Additionally, make sure to evaluate and revise your plan each semester to account for changes in your schedule.
Dissertation writing is a long process and setbacks will happen. You should expect the unexpected and build in extra time to your schedule to account for unavoidable delays. Let missed deadlines and other lapses go, and remember to focus on what you can do today and tomorrow to reach your goals. Further, you need to make sure to reward yourself for completing work on or ahead of schedule.
The Writing Center at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill has created a handout about planning for dissertation writing. Additionally, the video below offers an overview of the planning process.
Research-Related Considerations
- Human Subjects
- Organize Your Research
- Copyright Issues
- Research Data Management
- Professional Identity
Will your research require you to use human subjects in any capacity? If so, you will need to get your research reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). At the University of Kentucky, all IRB matters are handled by the Office of Research Integrity .
Additionally, these 10 simple rules for protecting research integrity may be of help.
Keeping your research organized is key because it will help ensure your dissertation writing process remains efficient. A wide variety of tools are available to help you keep your research organized. The following is some of the most popular options.
- EndNote EndNote is a powerful software application used to manage personal databases of citations from sources such as journals, books, or websites. EndNote can input records from online bibliographic databases; organize references, images and PDFs; and be used to create bibliographies and figure lists.
- Zotero Includes the ability to store author, title, and publication fields and to export that information as formatted references, and the ability to organize, tag, and search in advanced ways.
- Mendeley Mendeley is a free reference manager and academic social network.
- Research Log Handout Don't like any of these software options? Create your own research log! This handout from the University of Manitoba will show you how to keep track of your research.
Copyright issues are prevalent in activities related to teaching, learning, and research. For instance, researchers may wonder who owns the copyright of their publications . At the same time, they may run into questions about whether they can lawfully use copyrighted materials in their publications.
You as the author are by default the copyright holder of your dissertation and thus have exclusive rights over it. Registering your copyright is optional. However, registration will provide you with more protection in case somebody infringes upon your rights in the future.
When deciding whether you can use somebody's work in your dissertation, you need to find out if the work concerned is already out of copyright protection. The Copyright Slider can help you with that. If the work is out of copyright, you can reuse it in whatever way you want without seeking permission.
For materials that are still under copyright protection, you should think about whether your use is fair. There are many online resources that help people determine what constitutes a fair use. For example, the University of Minnesota Libraries provides detailed information about using copyrightable materials , understanding fair use , and thinking through the four factors of fair use . Other libraries provide a checklist to help researchers make a decision on the matter of fair use.
If you have questions about copyright, feel free to contact the University of Kentucky Libraries or refer to this Copyright Resource Center .
It is likely that your scholarly endeavors will generate research data in different formats. It is common nowadays that researchers are expected to take care of the collected data and later provide access to the processed dataset, especially if the research project is publicly funded. Managing research data can help researchers develop commendable work habits and thus enable them to do their work more efficiently. If you need help with research data management, refer to this guide or feel free to contact your academic liaison for suggestions and assistance. There are also these 10 simple rules to help you with a data management plan.
Below is a short video that shows the importance of research data management. The second video provides a quick Introduction to the basics of research data.
There is an international initiative that addresses problems related to confirming the identity of researchers with similar or the same name. It is ORCID , which issues unique identifiers to distinguish individual researchers. Different stakeholders in the research community, including funding agencies, higher education institutions, and publishers, plan to adopt the ORCID ID as a means to disambiguate the identity of researchers and to track their scholarly activities and contributions. More information about ORCID is available from the video below.
Click here to register for an ORCID ID. Once you have created the ID, take some time to add information about yourself and your research outputs. This will help build your professional online presence and reputation. Last but not least, remember to add the ORCID ID to your CV, scholarly publications, grant applications, and academic profiles such as a personal Web page. This will help clarify your identity as a scholar among others who have names similar to or same as yours.
In the video below, a professor explains how a professional online presence can supplement a CV. She also points out what to consider before putting together an online profile. Additionally, these 10 simple rules show you how to build and maintain a scientific reputation.
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- Last Updated: Jan 23, 2024 10:01 PM
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Your Dissertation Plan - 18 Free Tools
Find your perfect postgrad program search our database of 30,000 courses.
- by Charlotte King
- In Theses and Dissertations
A dissertation requires solid organisational skills and effective time management in order to achieve a high standard, so we’ve put together a list of some of the best free tools available to make the planning stages of your project easier.
Choosing a topic
Before you even get near your research proposal , you need to have a topic in mind. Mind mapping is a great way to organise and visualise your early ideas when developing your dissertation topic. Mind42.com 's mind mapping tool allows you to collaborate with colleagues online, which could be useful for sharing with peers or your project supervisor. Mindmeister.com also features collaboration and boasts mobile access with it’s free iPhone app, whilst Bubbl.us focuses on speed with it's handy keyboard shortcuts.
Evernote provides tools for your computer, mobile device, or web browser which capture your ideas, notes, and inspiration wherever you are. This free toolset lets users save text notes, web pages, photos, and screenshots with a comprehensive search feature so that you can retrieve your ideas quickly and easily.
Reading & research
Using Google Scholar you can search a large index of scholarly articles, theses, books, abstracts and court opinions. To get the most out this research tool check out Google’s guide to Advanced Scholar Searches . Compiling a bibliography in the required format can be a time consuming task at the end of a dissertation, especially if you haven't kept track whilst writing . Fortunately there are free tools available which help you to store your citations from the beginning of your project and retrieve them in a number of commonly use formats. Bibdesk is an Open Source Mac app with bibliography management and search features, as well as some useful import and export capabilities. Alternatively, you could use Zotero 's browser extension for Firefox which can automatically sync your data with multiple computers. It also features browsing for mobile devices, which means you can access your data in away from your computer. For Windows users, BiblioExpress offers a simple reference manager that can format citations in common styles such as ACS, APA, and MLA.
Planning your time
Time management is crucial in a large project such as a dissertation. It may be useful to plan backwards from your deadline, allowing extra time where necessary for unforeseen delays and revisions. Gantt charts are a very visual way to allocate time to your dissertation tasks and there are many free tools to help you build your own. This is especially great if you're accommodating some non-work time too . Google Docs has a Gadget in it’s spreadsheet feature which creates Gantt charts for free. Similarly, if you already own Microsoft Excel you can build Gantt charts with it too.
Tomsplanner is a dedicated web-based Gantt generator which is free for personal use, and Team Gantt 's free trial offers an alternative with a slick interface. If you’re not keen on Gantt charts you could simply plan your project in a standard calendar. Google Calendars is web based meaning you can access it from any computer and most mobile devices. You could also share your calendar with your supervisor if you think you're likely to miss deadlines. Microsoft Outlook’s calendar and iCalendar on Mac could also be useful planning tools.
To-do lists
If you need to organise your dissertation workload on a shorter time scale, TeuxDeux 's well designed interface helps you to plan your tasks on a weekly basis. There’s also a paid iPhone app for task management on the go.
HabitRPG is an excellent option for those of you who need a bit of positive reinforcement alongside your planning. If a week is still too much to think about, check out Todokyo which takes simplicity to the next level with a clean-looking daily list.
Productivity
If you find yourself constantly distracted by the lures of email and social networking, you could try Freedom’s free trial . This Mac app blocks your web connection for up to 3 hours at a time, leaving you to concentrate on your dissertation. Alternatively you can block specific websites from Firefox using Leechblock , and Google Chrome users can do the same with StayFocusd .
Related articles
Planning A Good Research Project
How To Write A Thesis or Dissertation
Publishing Your Thesis or Dissertation
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Halley Jan. 10, 2020, 5:57 a.m.
Great article! Thank you :)
Charlotte King Jan. 13, 2020, 8:28 p.m.
Glad you liked it – hope you found it useful too!
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Dissertation Planner - Getting Started: Writing the dissertation
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Use our Writing the Dissertation - Overview and Planning guide as a way of steering you through the challenges of researching, planning and writing a dissertation. More detailed guidance on writing each chapter is provided throughout the various stages of the Dissertation Planner.
You might find it helpful to start the dissertation process by generating some initial ideas for your dissertation topic. These ideas might lack focus at first, but there’s no need to worry at this stage – it’s simply about making a start and exploring possible options. Try freewriting as a way of getting some initial ideas on the page. You might unearth something interesting!
Also, get a head start on the formatting of your dissertation and the submission process. This can help you to avoid any late surprises. The conventions and expectations vary depending on the faculty or school, so consult any dissertation guidance you've been provided, in addition to the iSolutions guide for producing a dissertation in Word .
Think about using a document preparation system or a writing and editing tool, such as Overleaf , an online LaTeX editor designed to ease the process of writing and editing large pieces of work. See the Library's webpage for tips and support .
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A really easy read that gives you all the information to start thinking about writing a dissertation. The format and structure is perfect for students. I have already shared this text with my Year 2 undergraduate students in preparation for their Independent Project module in Year 3.
Fantastic little book for students, it is clear, concise, easy to read, easy to follow and inexpensive! I have recommended the range of Dissertation related books to my students. Highly recommended.
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The resources in this section are designed to provide guidance for the first steps of the thesis or dissertation writing process. They offer tools to support the planning and managing of your project, including writing out your weekly schedule, outlining your goals, and organzing the various working elements of your project.
Weekly Goals Sheet (a.k.a. Life Map) [Word Doc]
This editable handout provides a place for you to fill in available time blocks on a weekly chart that will help you visualize the amount of time you have available to write. By using this chart, you will be able to work your writing goals into your schedule and put these goals into perspective with your day-to-day plans and responsibilities each week. This handout also contains a formula to help you determine the minimum number of pages you would need to write per day in order to complete your writing on time.
Setting a Production Schedule (Word Doc)
This editable handout can help you make sense of the various steps involved in the production of your thesis or dissertation and determine how long each step might take. A large part of this process involves (1) seeking out the most accurate and up-to-date information regarding specific document formatting requirements, (2) understanding research protocol limitations, (3) making note of deadlines, and (4) understanding your personal writing habits.
Creating a Roadmap (PDF)
Part of organizing your writing involves having a clear sense of how the different working parts relate to one another. Creating a roadmap for your dissertation early on can help you determine what the final document will include and how all the pieces are connected. This resource offers guidance on several approaches to creating a roadmap, including creating lists, maps, nut-shells, visuals, and different methods for outlining. It is important to remember that you can create more than one roadmap (or more than one type of roadmap) depending on how the different approaches discussed here meet your needs.
Library Guides
Dissertations 1: getting started: planning.
- Starting Your Dissertation
- Choosing A Topic and Researching
- Devising An Approach/Method
- Thinking Of A Title
- Writing A Proposal
Planning Your Time
The dissertation is a large project, so it needs careful planning. To organise your time, you can try the following:
Break down the dissertation into smaller stages to complete (e.g., literature search, read materials, data collection, write literature review section…).
Create a schedule. Working backwards from your deadline, decide when you will complete each stage.
Set aside time to regularly work on the dissertation.
Consider what times of day you are most alert and what makes a suitable space to study.
Identify a specific task to work on.
If overwhelmed, try to identify one task that needs doing rather than focusing on the larger project.
Leave time to redraft, proof-read, format, and complete the reference list.
Gantt Charts
As the dissertation project involves certain processes to take place simultaneously, rather than in a sequence, you can use a Gantt chart to organise your time.
A Gantt chart is a bar chart which shows the schedule for a project. The project is broken down into key tasks/elements to be completed. A start and finish date for each task/element of the project is given. Some tasks are scheduled at the same time or may overlap. Others will start when a task has been completed.
To produce a Gantt chart, you can use Word, Excel (see example in the attachment) or an online planner.
- Tom's Planner . There's an example for you to use to complete your plan.
- Excel: example of Gantt Chart in Excel . This is an example of a Gantt chart which can be used to generate a plan of work (timeline) for your dissertation. You can download and edit it as you please. The chart has been created by the University of Leicester.
Research Data Management
This video helps you to understand the importance of research data management and how you can plan, organise, store, preserve, and share your data.
- Link to video on Research Data Management
- Feedback Form Please give us feedback on our videos!
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Tools and Forms
Writing Planning Tools
Here are some helpful tools and resources for your thesis/dissertation journey. Check additional graduation requirements and make sure your dates align with the Graduate College deadlines.
Shared Consent Forms
The Shared Consent Form should be included as an Appendix if a thesis/dissertation chapter is co-authored by two or more Iowa State University graduate students who may include the same chapter in their theses/dissertations. If student co-authors do not intend to include the manuscript as a chapter in their theses/dissertations, this form is not required. Students should discuss with their major professors and follow the instructions within the forms.
Publishing Agreement
The Publishing Agreement will be provided to graduate students at the time they create a new submission in ProQuest. It is important that graduate students review the publishing agreement while they are preparing their theses/dissertations because they will need to obtain all necessary permissions for third-party content.
Examples of materials created or owned by third parties include, but are not limited to, photographs, extensive quotations, figures, and tables. Previous publications may also require permission from the journal or book publisher if copyright has been transferred.
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With funding support from the Simons Foundation as part of its In the Path of Totality initiative , the Indiana University Center for Rural Engagement is leading IU’s rural solar eclipse initiative, providing staff support, resources and outreach for community activities that unite residents around the historic astronomical event.
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Counties in the path of totality include: Adams, Allen, Bartholomew, Blackford, Boone, Brown, Clay, Clinton, Crawford, Daviess, Dearborn, Decatur, Delaware, Dubois, Fayette, Franklin, Gibson, Grant, Greene, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Henry, Howard, Huntington, Jackson, Jay, Jefferson, Jennings, Johnson, Knox, Lawrence, Madison, Marion, Martin, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Orange, Owen, Parke, Perry, Posey, Putnam, Randolph, Ripley, Rush, Scott, Shelby, Spencer, Sullivan, Tipton, Union, Vanderburgh, Vermillion, Vigo, Warrick, Washington, Wayne, and Wells.
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The precise alignment required for a total solar eclipse to cross over a specific region, such as Indiana, is a rare and awe-inspiring celestial coincidence. Despite total solar eclipses occurring approximately every eighteen months worldwide, they only occur about every 400 years in the same place.
Indiana’s rural communities will face large crowds, traffic, and congestion, but we are also presented with an exciting opportunity to engage with locals and tourists. Planning early will allow community leaders to make the most of the total solar eclipse.
The 2024 Total Solar Eclipse Planning Toolkit is organized to provide background on the next total solar eclipse and resources to help you prepare yourself and your community for the anticipated excitement surrounding this event—both logistically and creatively.
Browse resources from the guide
Know the facts.
Information by state The Great American Eclipse website provides a depth of information on solar eclipses in general, with pages covering basics of the eclipse, logistics and safety considerations, and state-specific statistics based on previous eclipses. https://www.greatamericaneclipse.com
Resources and eclipse information The American Astronomical Society provides a variety of resources relating to the eclipse, covering topics ranging from eye safety to photography. Additional resources for apps, maps, books, articles, and more are located on their website. https://eclipse.aas.org
Timing the Solar Eclipse Visit the interactive Time and Date website to find when and where the eclipse crosses your area. https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/map/2024-april-8
Assessing the weather Locate historical and projected weather data, to get a sense of what to expect on April 8, 2024. https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate https://www.timeanddate.com/weather
Get eclipse glasses and handheld solar viewers Visit the American Astronomical Society website to find a list of safe manufacturers and importers of eclipse glasses and handheld solar viewers, as well as their resellers and distributors. https://eclipse.aas.org/resources/solar-filters
Eclipse activities Science-Technology Activities and Resources for Libraries (STAR net) has numerous activities on their website, including methods for how to indirectly view the total solar eclipse. https://www.starnetlibraries.org/about/our-projects/solar-eclipse-activities-libraries-seal
Create a plan
Lessons learned from the 2017 eclipse Materials from the Solar Eclipse Planning workshop hosted by the American Astronomical Society are available on their website. Experts speak on topics ranging from community experience to traffic and safety. https://eclipse.aas.org/workshops/jun2023
General guidance for safe eclipse planning The Homeland Security Digital Library is a great resource for fact sheets, checklists, locally developed guidance documents, and news articles on eye safety, injury treatment, and planned mass gatherings in rural and urban areas. The Solar Eclipses: Planning Resources [September 2022] document compiles many of these sources. https://www.hsdl.org/c/view?docid=880095
Eclipse planning in Indiana The May 2023 issue of the Indiana Department of Homeland Security magazine, The Hoosier Responder, includes a section on eclipse planning in Indiana. https://www.in.gov/dhs/files/Hoosier-Responder-2023-05.pdf
Safety planning Uncover public safety planning information from the State of Indiana, including guidance for first responders, emergency management, and state agencies. https://www.in.gov/dhs/solar-eclipse-2024/planning/
Finding eclipse experts Discover amateur astronomers who may be interested in supporting your community’s eclipse planning. https://lovethenightsky.com/astronomy-clubs-in-indiana https://www.go-astronomy.com/astro-clubs-state.php?State=IN
Engage with the community
Eclipse planning and communication Dr. Kate Russo’s Community Solar Eclipse Planning guide provides further information on assembling a task force, developing a strategy, and planning for your community through the knowns and unknowns. https://www.beingintheshadow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/WHITE-PAPER-SECOND-EDITION.pdf
Facilities and preparedness Mark Howell, Director of Grounded Truths LLC, created a quick guide for best practices in estimating facilities needed at eclipse events. Consider how to implement the 3 “T”s and 2 “C”s for your eclipse events. https://eclipse.aas.org/sites/eclipse.aas.org/files/Howell_Jun2023_Poster.pdf
For libraries In collaboration with the STAR Library Network, astronomers Andrew Fraknoi and Dennis Schatz created “A Guide For Public Libraries and their Communities.” This double-header contains eclipse information, safe viewing activities, ideas for eclipse events, and links to finding science-literate partners. https://eclipse.aas.org/sites/eclipse.aas.org/files/SEAL-Booklet-for-Libraries.pdf
For educators and administrators In collaboration with the National Science Teaching Association, astronomers Andrew Fraknoi and Dennis Schatz also produced two solar eclipse guides. Educators https://static.nsta.org/pdfs/SolarEclipses2023_Educator.pdf Administrators https://static.nsta.org/pdfs/SolarEclipses2023_Administrator.pdf
Additional resources and information
Learn about best practices and safety.
IU Solar Eclipse 2024 Initiative
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Visit Indiana Eclipse event map
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Purdue Extension Resource Hub
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Dark Side of the Moon Festival | Metamora, IN
19067 US-52, Metamora, IN 47030
Discover Downtown Washington Solar Eclipse Festival
301 E Main St, Washington, IN 47501
Eclipse 2024 in Greene County, Indiana
Edinburgh Eclipse | Edinburgh, IN
John R. Drybread Community Center, 100 E Main Cross Street, Edinburgh, IN
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412 N Jackson St, Huntingburg, IN 47542
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The Depot Railroad Museum, 206 S. College Avenue, Salem, IN
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Main Street English, IN 47118
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Spencer Pride, 17 E. Franklin Street, Spencer, IN 47460
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220 E US Hwy 50 Versailles, IN
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10 a.m. — 4 p.m.
Maxwell Hall
Indiana Forest Alliance 2024 Solar Eclipse Viewing | Tibetan Mongolian Buddhist Cultural Center
11 a.m. — 5 p.m.
Tibetan Mongolian Buddhist Cultural Center, 3655 S Snoddy Rd, Bloomington, IN 47401
Totally Awe-SUN Solar Eclipse Watch Party | Daleville, IN
12 p.m. — 6 p.m.
Hilltop Pavilion, 1590 North 900W Road, Daleville, IN 47334
KCARC Community in Totality | Vincennes, IN
12:30 p.m. — 4 p.m.
The Baker Center Field, 2900 East Carney Avenue, Vincennes, IN
Total Solar Eclipse at Mary Gray Bird Sanctuary
1 p.m. — 4 p.m.
3499 South Bird Sanctuary Road,Connersville, IN 47331
Recent news
Solar eclipse grant application opens to support arts, cultural activities in rural Indiana communities
Micro-grants for eclipse-related activities now open
2024 solar eclipse initiative to support arts, cultural activities in rural Indiana
Unlocking the mysteries of animal behavior during cosmic events
30 rural organizations receive grants to support solar eclipse arts, cultural activities
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X is testing NSFW adult communities, according to screenshots
X is living up to its name. The platform, formerly Twitter, is working on an addition to its Communities feature that would let X users create groups for X-rated material, according to app researchers.
Researcher Daniel Buchuk of Watchful , which analyzes app development and performance, spotted the feature in development. He shared screenshots with TechCrunch exclusively that show what X’s NSFW Communities could look like.
Image Credits: Watchful (opens in a new window)
An independent researcher, Nima Owji , also spotted the feature in development last month.
This is how it'll look like on the community page! pic.twitter.com/Sou18ze7Va — Nima Owji (@nima_owji) February 28, 2024
Twitter introduced its Communities feature in 2021. It allows users to post within smaller, interest-based subgroups, like a subreddit. When Elon Musk bought Twitter in 2022, he enacted sweeping changes to the app’s brand identity , verification systems and creator monetization efforts — but some features, like Communities, remained stagnant.
X also hasn’t taken much initiative in working with its sizable population of online sex workers , who turn to the platform — one of few that allows adult content — to promote their paid offerings from sites like OnlyFans.
“Twitter really is the primary advertising venue at this point for sex workers ,” Dr. Olivia Snow, a dominatrix and researcher at UCLA’s Center for Critical Internet Inquiry, told TechCrunch last year. So, the platform’s more lenient policy on adult content is critical for online sex workers to grow their businesses.
X did not reply to a request for comment.
Adult creators are allowed to post explicit content on X, though they can’t monetize it on the platform. But if they can create their own fan communities, this feature could give creators a more direct way to reach their audience.
Even though X seems to be working on this NSFW Communities feature, that doesn’t mean it’ll come to fruition. Shortly after Musk took control of the platform, reverse engineers uncovered possible features that would allow creators to monetize paywalled videos or charge money for DMs. These mock-ups looked similar to features on OnlyFans, which could be a strategy for Musk to recoup his $44 billion investment: monetizing “X videos.”
But as it stands, X doesn’t seem poised to reverse its stance on adult content monetization. Even before Musk’s takeover, Twitter had been working on an OnlyFans competitor , but it was shelved because Twitter could not adequately detect non-consensual content and child sexual exploitation (CSE). But X says it’s mitigating that dire problem. According to X CEO Linda Yaccarino, in 2023 the platform suspended 12.4 million accounts for violating child sexual exploitation policies, up from 2.3 million accounts removed in 2022.
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Eclipse tourists should plan for overloaded cell networks
Tips to prepare in case a surge of visitors bogs down mobile service.
If you witness nature’s majesty and can’t live-stream it on TikTok or post in your group chat, did it even happen?
In places around the United States where people will flock to see next week’s solar eclipse , some local officials have warned that mobile service could temporarily flake out .
Cellular networks sometimes bog down when people in one place all call, text, stream or post at once — like at a packed football game or, in this case, an opportunity to view a potentially once-in-a-lifetime total solar eclipse.
These congestion hiccups to cellular networks are far less common than they used to be. But just as eclipse tourists might want to prepare for traffic jams and portable toilet shortages , it couldn’t hurt to plan ahead for potential mobile disruptions, too.
Here are some tips:
2024 total solar eclipse
Download, print or write down driving directions ahead of time
In case you don’t have mobile service for turn-by-turn directions, have a hard copy of driving instructions to wherever you’re going before or after your eclipse viewing.
Some apps including Apple Maps and Google Maps also let you download maps before your trip to find your way even without mobile service.
For Google Maps , put in the location where you’re going. Select your profile picture or initials in the upper-right corner of the screen. Pick “Offline maps” and then “Select your own map.”
Zoom in or out until you’ve highlighted the area you want to save. Tap “Download.”
Find that saved map again by following the same instructions. You can access turn-by-turn directions if your destination is in the downloaded map area.
For Apple Maps , search for the area where you’re traveling. Tap “Download” and zoom in or out to highlight the area you want to save.
You can access turn-by-turn directions even when you don’t have cell service. The only feature that won’t work without mobile reception is real-time traffic information.
Waze has more limited directions if you lose an internet connection during your drive.
Have a backup plan for emergency calls
Jacob Saur, administrator of Arlington County Public Safety Communications and Emergency Management in Virginia, suggested texting 911 in areas where that’s an option. He said texts are not typically as affected by wireless phone congestion.
Or if you can, call emergency services from a landline or a VoIP line that carries calls over the internet . If you’re in the range of a WiFi network, you can also route any mobile calls that way.
Lastly, some phone models have built-in options for using satellites to contact emergency services . Find out the options for your device before your eclipse trip.
This might not be necessary, but it doesn’t hurt to plan for emergencies.
Have cash handy
Some payment terminals for swiping your debit or credit card use the same mobile networks as your phone.
It’s possible they could stop working if you’re somewhere with a flock of visitors on their phones. In case that happens, have some cash on you.
Plan ahead to entertain the kids (and yourself)
Some digital entertainment apps let you download videos or music that work fine even when you’re not connected to the internet.
You can find download instructions for Netflix , YouTube , Disney Plus , Spotify and Prime Video . (Amazon founder Jeff Bezos owns The Washington Post.)
You need to be a paying subscriber to Spotify’s and YouTube’s premium services to use those apps’ download features.
You can also download podcasts, e-books and audiobooks to your phone that will work without mobile service. ( We love Libby for free e-books and audiobooks from some public libraries.)
Or ditch the devices and brush up on rules for the I Spy road trip game .
Why do mobile networks flake during temporary surges in use?
Phone companies have spent a fortune, especially in the past five years , expanding and modernizing mobile networks, including for sudden spikes of mobile use.
Still, in eclipse tourist zones, you might have service, but it could be far slower than you’re used to.
Patrick Halley, president and CEO of the Wireless Infrastructure Association, compared it to a wedding if there are five times the number of expected guests. You might have to slice the cake into tiny pieces that won’t satisfy anyone.
But many local officials have planned for eclipse-related mobile phone surges.
Some areas in the eclipse’s path have brought in scaled-down cellphone towers to handle more network use. (Delightfully, these are referred to by animal shorthand: COWs and COLTs , for cell towers on wheels and cell towers on light trucks.)
Everything could work fine. Officials in Carbondale, Ill., which was in the path of an eclipse in 2017 and again this year , were worried seven years ago about overloaded water and sewage systems, overwhelmed emergency rooms and strained mobile networks, said Steven Mitchell, Carbondale’s economic development director.
But while visitors from Chicago sat in terrible traffic on their way home after the 2017 eclipse, most of the worst case scenarios didn’t happen. “Cell service was not impacted at all,” Mitchell said.
If overloaded networks do stop you from posting your selfies immediately, Halley had some philosophical advice: “Maybe put the phone down and enjoy the eclipse.”
- Just pointing your phone at the eclipse will produce a terrible photo. Here’s what you need to take a good eclipse picture with your phone .
- The cloud forecast for eclipse viewing areas
- Options to contact 911 if you don’t have cell reception
- Your ultimate guide to the total solar eclipse, its path and how to watch April 4, 2024 Your ultimate guide to the total solar eclipse, its path and how to watch April 4, 2024
- Here’s what not to do to safely watch the total solar eclipse April 5, 2024 Here’s what not to do to safely watch the total solar eclipse April 5, 2024
- Eclipse tourists should plan for overloaded cell networks April 2, 2024 Eclipse tourists should plan for overloaded cell networks April 2, 2024
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