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Top 100 Climate Change Topics To Write About

climate change topics

Climate change issues have continued to increase over the years. That’s because human activities like fossil fuel usage, excavation, and greenhouse emissions continue to drastically change the climate negatively. For instance, burning fossil fuels continues to release greenhouse emissions and carbon dioxide in large quantities. And the lower atmosphere of the earth traps these gasses thereby affecting the global climate. To enhance their awareness of the impact of global warming, educators ask learners to write academic papers and essays on different climate change topics.

According to statistics, global warming affects the climate in different ways. However, the earth has experienced a general temperature increase of 0.85 degrees centigrade over the last 100 years. Such statistics show that this increase will eventually pass the acceptable thresholds in the next 10 years or less. And this will have dire consequences on human health and the global climate. As such, writing a paper about a topic on climate change is a great way to educate the masses.

However, some learners have difficulties choosing topics for their papers and essays on climate change. That’s because this is a relatively new subject. Nevertheless, students that are pursuing ecology, political, and biology studies are conversant with this subject. If struggling to decide what to write about, consider this list of topics related to climate change.

Climate Change Topics for Short Essays

Perhaps, your educator has asked you to write a short essay on climate change. Maybe you’re yet to decide what to write about because every topic you think about seems to have been written about. In that case, use this list of climate change topics for inspiration. You can write about one of these topics or develop it to make it more unique.

  • How climate change is responsible for the disappearing rainforest
  • The effects of global warming on air quality within the urban areas
  • Global warming and greenhouse emissions- Possible health risks
  • Is climate change responsible for irregular weather patterns?
  • How has climate change affected the food chain?
  • The negative effects of climate change on human wellbeing
  • How global warming affects agriculture
  • How climate change works
  • Why is climate change dangerous to human health?
  • How to minimize global warming effects on human health
  • How global warming affects the healthcare
  • Effects of climate change of life quality in rural and urban areas
  • How warmer temperatures support allergy-related illnesses
  • How climate change is a risk to life on earth
  • How climate change and natural disasters correlate
  • How climate change affects the population of the earth
  • How climate change relates to global warming
  • How global warming has caused extreme heating in most urban areas
  • How wildfires relate to climate change
  • How ocean acidification and climate change affect the world’s habitat

These climate change essay topics cover different aspects of human activities and their effects on the earth’s ecosystem. As such, writing a research paper or essay on any of these topics requires extensive research and analysis of information. That’s the only way you can come up with a solid paper that will impress the educator to award you the top grade.

Climate Change Issues that Make for Good Topics

Maybe you want to research issues that relate to climate change. Most people may have not considered such issues but they are worthy of climate change debate topics. In that case, consider these issues when choosing your climate topics for papers and essays.

  • Climate change and threat to natural biodiversity are equally important
  • Climate change in Miami and Saudi Arabia- How the effects compare
  • Climate change as a human activity’s effect on the environment
  • Preventing climate change by protecting forests
  • Climate change in China- How the country has declined to head to the global call about saving Mother Nature
  • Common causes of climate change
  • Common effects of climate change
  • The definition of climate change
  • What is anthropogenic climate change
  • Describe climate change
  • What drives climate change?
  • Renewable energy sources and climate change
  • Human and economics induced climate change
  • Climate change biology
  • Climate change and business
  • Science, Spin, and climate change
  • Climate change- How global warming affects populations
  • Climate change and social concepts
  • Extreme weather and climate change- How they relate
  • Global warming as a complex issue in climate change

These are great climate change topics for research papers and essays. However, writing about these topics requires extensive research. You should also be ready to spend energy and time finding relevant and latest sources of information before you write about these topics.

Interesting Climate Change Topics for Papers and Essays

Perhaps, you want to write an essay or paper about something interesting. In that case, consider this list of interesting climate change research paper topics.

  • Climate change across the globe- What experts say
  • Development, climate change, and disaster reduction
  • Critical review- Climate change and agriculture
  • Schools should include climate change as a subject in geography courses
  • Consumption and climate change- How the wind blows in Indiana
  • How the United Nations responds to climate change
  • Snowpack and climate change
  • How climate change threatens global security
  • The effects of climate change on coastal areas’ tourism
  • How climate change relates to Queensland Australia’s floods
  • How climate change affects the tourism and hospitality industry
  • Possible strategies for addressing the effects of climate change on urban areas
  • How climate change affects indigenous people
  • How to avoid the threats of climate change
  • How climate change affects coral triangle turtles
  • Climate change drivers in the Asian countries
  • Economic discourse analysis methodology in climate change
  • How climate change affects New Hampshire businesses
  • How climate change affects the life of an individual
  • The economic cost of the effects of climate change

These are fantastic climate change paper topics to explore. Nevertheless, you must be ready to research your topic extensively before you start writing your academic paper or essay.

Major Topics on Climate Change for Academic Writing

Perhaps, you’re looking for topics related to climate change that you write major papers about. In that case, you should consider these global climate change topics.

  • Early science on climate change
  • How the world can manage the effects of climate change
  • Environmental issues relating to climate change
  • Views comparison about the climate change problem
  • Asset-based community development and climate change
  • Experts’ evaluation of climate change
  • How science affects climate change
  • How climate change affects the ocean life
  • Scotland’s vulnerability to climate change
  • How energy conservation can solve the climate change problem
  • How climate change affects the world economy
  • International collaboration and climate change
  • International relations view on climate change
  •  How transportation affects climate change
  • Climate change and technology
  • Climate change policies and human rights
  • Climate change from an anthropological perspective
  • Climate change as an international security issue
  • Role of the United Nations in addressing climate change
  • Climate change and pollution

This category has some of the best climate change thesis topics. That’s because most people will be interested in reading papers on such topics due to their global perspectives. Nevertheless, you should prepare to spend a significant amount of time researching and writing about any of these topics on climate change.

Climate Change Topics for Presentation

Perhaps, you want to write papers on topics related to climate change for presentation purposes. In that case, you need topics that most people can resonate with. Here is a list of topics about climate change that will interest most people.

  • How can humans stop global warming in the next ten years
  • Could humans have stopped global warming a decade ago?
  • How has the environment changed over the years and how has this change caused global warming?
  • How did the Obama administration try to limit climate change?
  • What is the influence of chemical engineering on global warming?
  • How is urbanization connected to climate change?
  • Theories that explain why some nations ignore climate change
  • How global warming affects the rising sea levels
  • How anthropogenic and natural climate change differ
  • How the war against terrorism differs from the war on climate change
  • How atmospheric change influences global climate change
  • Negative effects of global climate change on Minnesota
  • The greenhouse effect and ozone depletion
  • How greenhouse affects the earth’s environment
  • How can individuals reduce the emissions of greenhouse gasses
  • How climate change will affect humans in their lifetime
  • What are the social, physical, and economic effects of climate change
  • Problems and solutions to climate change on the Pacific Ocean
  • How climate change relates to species’ extinction
  • How the phenomenon of denying climate change affects animals

This list prepared by our  research helpers has some of the best essay topics on climate change. Pick one of these ideas, research it, and then compose a winning paper.

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Climate Change Essay

Global warming or climate change is very concerning and must be a focused issue in the world. And it is needed to be taken care of as soon as possible to save the world. If you have got an essay to write on climate change then here you can find the trending and updated topics.

Top 10 Climate change topics – Greenhouse effect:

Interesting climate change speech topics:, unique climate change topics based on movies, articles, and books:, latest climate change ideas on history:, new climate change topics based on biology:, politics based free list of climate change topics:, general climate change influence on humanity essay titles:, searching for a professional to write your climate change essay.

  • Relationship between ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect.
  • Discuss various greenhouse gases.
  • Human reaction to the greenhouse effect and its consequences.
  • Role of IPCC i.e. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change on the greenhouse effect.
  • Benefits and disadvantages of the greenhouse effect.
  • How is the atmosphere impacted by greenhouse gases?
  • How is the environment on earth affected by greenhouse gases?
  • Three tips for human beings to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas.
  • What is the reason that Canada’s greenhouse gas emissions keep on increasing?
  • The process of greenhouse gases absorbing the atmospheric pressure and radiating back to the Earth’s surface.
  • Discuss the relationship between global warming and urbanization.
  • Climate change regulation.
  • Myths of the global climate changing.
  • Climate change: fossil fuels extraction and usage consequences.
  • The climate change of coral reefs.
  • The impact of global warming of rising sea level.
  • Write a summary of climate change.
  • Detection and attribution of climate change
  • Is global warming a man-made part of the current climate change?
  • History of global climate change.
  • Analysis of David Attenborough’s video based on the global effects of climate change and showcase your thought on it.
  • Booker, Christopher. “The fiddling with temperature data is the biggest science scandal ever.”
  • Ian Tuttle article on Global warming.
  • Discuss the main theme of AI Gore’s documentary on global warming.
  • Analyze the 2010 article of NASA on global warming.
  • Analyze “Global warming’s terrifying new math”, the article by Bill Mckibben’s Rolling Stone.
  • Analysis of Rolling Stone article of climate change and national security.
  • Analyze the argument on Bill Mckibben’s Rolling stone article “Global warming terrifying myths”.
  • Analyze “Summary for Policymakers” from the 2014 Intergovernmental Panel on climate change (IPCC) synthesis report and express your attitude.
  • According to computer climate models, how does the soil type result in different tree species becoming prevalent? Use the article “Crossroads of Climate change” to answer the question.
  • What is the influence of chemical engineering on global warming?
  • The evidence for environmental change during historic time.
  • The occurrence of global warming.
  • The impact of global warming on agriculture over the past years.
  • The connection between chemical engineering and global warming.
  • History of the organization’s formation.
  • What are other examples of global warming? Look into the history of our planet.
  • The history of global climate change.
  • The time when scientists encountered the animals impacted by global warming firstly?
  • The effect of global warming in the course of the entire life
  • Ecosystems and effects of global warming on it.
  • Biodiversity and effects of global warming on it.
  • How global warming can be harmful to human health?
  • The relationship between human health and climate change.
  • How animals can be protected from global warming?
  • Plants and the effect of global warming on it.
  • The effect of global warming on food.
  • Discuss the connection between global warming and the extinction of species.
  • The shrinking of the Greenland ice sheet is based on global warming.
  • Population shift and effect of global warming on it.
  • What do politicians fail to do to stop global warming?
  • Do some governments have an interest in not preventing global warming?
  • The functioning of politics towards global warming.
  • Why do most politicians fail to stop global warming?
  • The impact of global warming on international treaties.
  • The political concerns related to global warming.
  • The role of politics to stop global warming.
  • The political issue of global warming.
  • Do you think that whatever the politicians doing to prevent global warming is adequate?
  • What is the role of global warming in the stabilization of politics?
  • What do you prefer between global warming and global cooling?
  • Can we global warming as a myth?
  • The role of NRDC to manage global warming.
  • How has global warming impacted human behavior?
  • How dangerous is the threat of floods caused by global warming?
  • What is the contribution of tracking global warming?
  • Explain the ethical standpoint of global warming.
  • The consequences and remedies of global warming.
  • The use of carbon trading policies to combat global warming.
  • Can we see global warming as an anthropogenic cause or is it the nature of the earth’s surface?

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251 Climate Essay Topics

🏆 best essay topics on climate, 📚 catchy climate essay topics, 👍 good climate research topics & essay examples, 🌶️ hot climate ideas to write about, 🎓 most interesting climate research titles, 💡 simple climate essay ideas, ✍️ climate essay topics for college, ❓ essay questions on climate.

  • Tree Planting and Climate Change
  • Climate Change Impacts
  • Environmental Health Theory and Climate Change
  • Climate Change: The Impact of Technology
  • Food Security: The Impact of Climate Change
  • Climate Change and Future Generations
  • Climate Change Impacts on Oceans
  • Climate Change and Corporate Responsibility The problem of climate change is not new, but it becomes more and more crucial nowadays. The first changes in climate were observed during the industrial period, from the 1750s.
  • Climate Change: Concept and Theories Climate change has become a concern of scientists rather recently. There are numerous theories as to the reasons for this process, but there are still no particular answers.
  • Climate Change in Terms of Project Management The primary aim of the following paper is to define the notion of climate change in terms of project management, risk management, and business communication.
  • Electric Vehicles and Their Impact on Climate Change Internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) that have dominated the market over the recent decades are now giving way to electric vehicles (EV) experiencing rapid growth.
  • The Problem of Climate Change in the 21st Century Climate change is among the top threats facing the world in the 21st century, and it deserves prioritization when planning how to move the country and the globe forward.
  • Modern Environmental Issues: Climate Change Climate change had taken place before humans evolved, but the issue lies in the one, which is caused by direct human intervention.
  • Climate Change: When Nature Is in Agony The issue of climate changes not new; it has already been on the agenda of the world ecologists in 1990s, and in 2010s, the issue seems to have gained a new significance.
  • Solving the Climate Change Crisis by Using Renewable Energy Sources Climate change has caused extreme changes in temperature and weather patterns on planet Earth, thus threatening the lives of living organisms.
  • Climate Change and Global Warming Global warming is a subject that has elicited a heated debate for a long time. This debate is commonplace among scholars and policy makers.
  • Security and Climate Change Climate change has been happening at an unprecedented rate over the last decade to become a major global concern.
  • Climate Change: A Global Concern The phenomenon of climate change has attracted a notable amount of attention, the early 1990s being the point at which the phenomenon in question became a worldwide concern.
  • Investing in Climate Change vs. Space Exploration Efforts aimed at investing in climate change versus outer space exploration will be compared in this essay, and their consequences will be analyzed.
  • Social Issue: Climate Change The topic of climate change was chosen to learn more in the modern sense about the phenomenon that most people have heard about for decades.
  • Water Scarcity as Effect of Climate Change Climate change is the cause of variability in the water cycle, which also reduces the predictability of water availability, demand, and quality, aggravating water scarcity.
  • Impact of Climate Change on Property Development and Management This essay will focus on the BBC article, COP26 promises could limit global warming to 1.8C, with a specific focus on the impact of climate change on property development.
  • Human Impact on the Environment Leading to Climate Change An elevated amount of greenhouse gases results in the retention of solar energy in the low levels of the atmosphere, which in turn brings to the melting of glaciers.
  • Napa Valley Wine Industry and Climate Change The current competitive landscape of the Napa Valley is formed from a multitude of stakeholders of varying sizes. The work studies climate change and the Napa Valley wine industry.
  • Energy Crisis and Climate Change The global community needs to adopt an energy efficient behavior and invest in the exploration of sustainable energy resources.
  • The Controversies of Climate Change This paper discusses the issue of climate change by considering the arguments presented by both the proponents and opponents based on ethical principles and sources of moral value.
  • Climate Change and Impact on Human Health In this paper, two academic articles that discuss the problem of climate change and its impact on human health will be reviewed.
  • Climate Change as an Ethical Issue Although global warming is a hotly debated topic, some groups claim that the issue is not as acute as it is presented.
  • Climate Change and Environmental Anxiety Individuals must develop a strategy to be able to resist climate change. In addition, there is a need for a global plan to restrain the influence of global warming.
  • Climatology: An Introduction to the Theory of Climate Climatology denotes the study of climate. Climate for its part refers to a set of weather conditions that characterize a given location.
  • The Importance of Addressing Climate Change Climate change is a topical issue, and the way humanity will choose to address it will determine whether major negative consequences can be avoided.
  • Solubility of Carbon Dioxide Related to Climate Change The solubility of carbon dioxide is directly related to climate change because oceans absorb excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
  • “The Basics of Climate Change” Blog The author of “The Basics of Climate Change” reveals the main concepts about the balance between the input and output of energy on Earth that directly relate to the climate.
  • How Climate Changes Affect Coastal Areas Natural disasters and hazards caused by climate change are especially the cases during modern times, as the number of toxic substances and polluting elements is increasing every year.
  • The Earth Day and Climate Change Climate change remains a relevant topic despite over fifty years of efforts since the establishment of Earth Day in 1970.
  • How El Niño Affects Ocean Circulation and How Climate Is Impacted Climate change research has progressed to the point that paleoclimatic data may now provide trustworthy information on the responses of the climate system.
  • Climate Concerns and Impact on Milwaukee The fight against climate change in Milwaukee must be as aggressive as possible to prevent the destruction of ecosystems and the degradation of human life.
  • Climate Concerns in Milwaukee, Wisconsin Milwaukee residents in Wisconsin are at a more significant threat of floods and excessive heat due to climate change within the United States.
  • The Health Impacts of Climate Change in China Although climate change could not directly affect the Chinese population’s health, climate change interference could increase the number of respiratory system diseases, etc.
  • The Effects of Climate on the Ways of Life The current state of the environment is classified as disturbing. Various pieces of evidence prove that the climate change is a real problem facing the today’s society.
  • Climate Change and Creation of Earth Day Climate change enables communities to create environmental initiatives, industries to update their manufacturing, and politicians to influence the problem through their campaigns.
  • Carbon Markets and Climate Change Many climatological concepts predict a rise in worldwide average temperature over the succeeding few decades centered on tripling atmospheric carbon oxide levels.
  • International Climate Change Law and National Acts The growing number of countries involved in the fight against environmental problems is seen as a positive step. As a justification, the scope of emission coverage is considered.
  • Climate Change in Africa and How to Address It According to environmental scientists, Africa is exposed to the effects of climatic alterations subject to its elevated levels of poverty, and dependence on rain-fed farming.
  • The Effect of Climate Change on the Environment The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the influence of humans’ activity on the environment has caused drastic climate change, and how climate change affects the environment.
  • Climate Change as a Challenge to Australia Climate change is characterised by changes in the weather conditions brought about by emissions from industries as well as emissions from agriculture.
  • Organizational Climate and Nursing Care Practices The Caring Nurse-Patient Interaction Short Scale (CNPISS) was the method used to measure Caring Practices in the Roch, Dubois, and Clarke (2014) study.
  • Climate Change Policies and Regulation The current changes in climate patterns have attracted attention from researchers and institutions as they endeavor to formulate and implement policies.
  • Climate Change and Its Evidence The review of common claims about global warming made it possible to say that in spite of some skeptical opinions, it might be really happening.
  • Climate Change, Human Activities and Remedies Human beings are the worst enemies of the environment. The Kyoto Protocol and the concept of green buildings are the two major interventions to climatic change and global warming.
  • Climate and Weather Concepts The concepts of climate and weather are closely related to each other; the key distinction between the two is that climate is attributed to a particular region and season, whereas weather is not.
  • How Climate Change Impacts Aviation The issue of climate change and its impact on the aviation industry has been a developing story lately due to the two-way relationship between them.
  • Climate Change as a Healthcare Priority Human-caused climate change significantly impacts the ecological situation and many areas of human life, such as health care.
  • Philosophers’ Theories on Climate Change The paper demonstrates two philosophers’ theories on climate change, namely Laura Westra and Graham Long. The thoughts and ideas are evaluated by using a hypothetical situation.
  • Climate Change and Global Warming Awareness If people continue to have misconceptions about global warming, climate change will negatively impact weather, food security, and biodiversity.
  • Globalization: Climate Crisis and Capitalist Ideology One of the main features of the development of the world community in recent decades has been globalization as part of integration processes that are changing the world structure.
  • Effects of Climate Variability on Water Resources, Food Security, and Human Health Evaluating the effects of climate variability on water, food, and health will help identify the areas for improvement and offer solutions to current environmental challenges.
  • Psychology, Climate Change and Ecological Problems Climate change and environmental problems are behavioral. The psychological task of specialists appears, the essence of which is to overcome barriers.
  • Water Scarcity Due to Climate Change This paper focuses on the adverse impact that water scarcity has brought today with the view that water is the most valuable element in running critical processes.
  • Climate Change in “The Parable of the Sower” by Butler Butler’s “The Parable of The Sower” is a post-apocalyptic knowledge literature novel that addresses climate modification and socioeconomic inequalities.
  • Climate Change and the Media Biases This essay’s purpose is to address the media bias concerning the rising global warming and climate change, referring to news articles made by scientists and various scholars.
  • Strengthening Resilience and Adaptive Capacity to Climate-Related Hazards The planet’s global mean surface has risen slightly less than one degree since the late 19th century – which is expected only to exacerbate by the current century’s end.
  • Climate Change and Food Production Cycle In order to address the problem of climate change in relation to the overproduction of food, a more responsible attitude toward its consumption.
  • Climate Change From the Anthropological Perspective The adaptive nature of the anthropological development of humanity explains the contemporary global problems, and climate change may be assessed from the human adaptation perspective.
  • Bottle Water Industry in Current Economic UK Climate The research question is whether bottled water is a necessity or a luxury with regard to the current economic climate in the United Kingdom.
  • Climate Change: The Leading Cause of Global Warming The chosen issue is climate change because it is a social dilemma triggered by human activity and will need joint efforts to reduce or alleviate its adverse effects.
  • The Impact of Climate Change on Inflectional Diseases This paper will examine the increasing spread of infectious diseases as one of the effects of climate change, as well as current and possible measures to overcome it.
  • Hospital Climate and Nurses’ Caring Practices The findings of the study “Organizational Climate and Hospital Nurses’ Caring Practices” could affect key aspects of care, especially more engagement in relational care.
  • The History of Climate Change and Global Warming Issue The paper states that the history of climate change and the solutions communities opted for are critical to tackling the current global warming issue.
  • Climate Changes Effects on the North and South Pole Global climate change has led to major problems in the North and South Pole ecosystems, with many animals losing their homes and even becoming endangered.
  • Climate Change: The Impact on North America As the analysis of climate change patterns reveals, the North American continent is on the verge of profound environmental changes resulting from global warming.
  • Climate Change Prediction for the Caribbean Climate change can be defined as the global spectacle of climate alteration described by the earth’s natural climate variations due to human activities.
  • Climate Change and Global Health Climate change is among the most discussed topics in various fields, as it has overarching effects on many aspects of human life.
  • The Impact of Climate Change on the United States Climate change is a serious issue faced by the United States, and it has various effects, including in the spheres of economy, animal habitat, and health of the population.
  • Climate Change and Mitigation Approaches The issue of climate change may appear to be extremely controversial. The reason behind that is the fact that environmental changes have both dependence and influence on humanity.
  • How Climate Change Increases the Risk of Hurricanes Hurricanes generate significant financial loss particularly in areas with a high degree of development activities.
  • Climate Change Affecting Global Public Health Climate change leads to the destruction of a range of habitats, the drop in the amount of drinkable water, the rise in air pollution, the reduction in the amount of food, etc.
  • Multinational Corporations and Climate Change The current essay revolves around the topic of climate change and economic activities. In the essay, the author focuses on MNCs and their role in environmental conservation.
  • Climate Change Threats in Public Perception Diverse social, economic, ecological, and geopolitical variables that operate on multiple scales contribute to different levels of human vulnerability to climate change threats.
  • The Key to Addressing Climate Change in Modern Business Globalisation, industrialisation, and rise of global corporations promoted the increased topicality of the climate change topic and its transformation into a shared problem.
  • Effects of Human Activities on the Global Climate Global climate change results from changes in the Earth’s atmosphere over a long time. Several factors contribute to climate change.
  • Refugees: Poverty, Hunger, Climate Change, and Violence Individuals struggling with poverty, hunger, climate change, and gender-based violence and persecution may consider fleeing to the United States.
  • Overpopulation, Climate Change, and Security Issues This research paper examines such social and environmental issues as overpopulation, urbanization, climate change, food security, and air pollution.
  • Climate Change: Nature Communications Climate change is one of the main concerns in contemporary global society. This subject is an issue of great contention, with different sides disagreeing.
  • Climate Change and Its Impact on the Weather Climate change is a serious issue nowadays, considering that it is bound to affect my generation and the next ones.
  • Climate Change: Impact on Lemurs Climate change and other environmental issues severely impact the lifestyle and behaviors of lemurs. High temperatures make lemurs spend more time on the ground.
  • The Effect of Climate Change on Weather Climate change is resulting in weather extremes that are affecting millions of people around the world in recent times.
  • Climate Change: Impact on Extreme Weather Events The article summarizes the scientific paper on the impact of climate change on extreme weather events worldwide.
  • Climate Change: Causes, Dynamics, and Effects It is crucial to provide a description of the problem of the climate crisis, its causes and effects, and possible prevention measures.
  • Ethical, Moral, and Christian Views on Climate Change Strategies Climate change strategies pose ethical, moral, and religious concerns that influence people to bring change and conserve the environment.
  • Climate Policy in the United States The United Nations and other federal agencies within the U.S. have been working towards global climate sustainability by calling for industry-driven energy regulations.
  • Greenpeace’s Climate Change Article Review The article What Are the Solutions to Climate Change by Greenpeace explains the ways climate change can be resolved while using comprehensive terms and being concise.
  • Climate Change and Health: Public Health Human activity influences the environment in various ways, from climate change acceleration to the increasing deforestation that can cause another global pandemic.
  • Global Warming and Climate Change and Their Impact on Humans Climate change and global warming are significant issues with negative impacts on all aspects of human life; for example, they disrupt the food web, hurting humans and wildlife.
  • Earth Day and the Climate Change Agenda This research paper examines the social significance and ecological value of Earth Day in the face of the climate change agenda.
  • The Climate Change Impact on Sea Levels and Coastal Zones This paper summarizes the effects of climate change on seawater levels and subsequent effects on the coastal zones.
  • Desertification and Climate Change Desertification can be prevented by holistic and planned grazing. This transformation can lead to better outcomes in the fight against climate change.
  • Importance of Climate Change Issue Decision The situation of climate change is the central issue of the 21st century, and its solution is a turning point in history.
  • Climate Change Mitigation Strategies and Animals The thesis of the article is clear and identifies two main points, which are the problem that the global discussion does not propose sufficient methods to solve the issue.
  • The Climate Change: Project Topic Exploration Climate change is an environmental problem that relates to an increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature.
  • Air Pollution Crisis and Climate Change in China Air pollution is a serious problem in many countries, including China. The main source of air pollutants is fumes from burning fuels in industries or vehicles.
  • Analysis of Climate Change Ethical Issues Climate change is a major problem in contemporary society, evidenced by issues such as global warming that have affected and continue to wreck societal norms around the world.
  • Earth Day and the Climate Change In relation to the field of climate change, the use of the evaluation strategy would be the evaluation of people’s opinions and ideology encouraged by the creation of Earth Day.
  • “The Impact of Climate Change Mitigation Strategies on Animal Welfare” by Shields and Orme-Evans The paper states that for animal welfare to improve, climate change mitigation strategies should encompass systematic changes in the industry.
  • Climate Change from Different Perspectives The climate change situation has two types of responses, with one camp making deliberate efforts to minimize the impact of climate change and others ignoring the issue altogether.
  • The Impacts of Climate Change Mitigation Strategies on Animal Welfare The article by Shields and Orme-Evans focuses on the problem of climate change from the aspect of greenhouse emissions from farm animals and their contribution to global warming.
  • How Climate Change Influenced Global Migration Migration and conflict have become the most important reasons causing researchers’ interest in climate change.
  • Climate Change and Crop Production This paper aims to discuss how climate change affects crop production in Latin American, Central American, and Eastern African regions.
  • Climate as a Result of Natural Events Climate change is one of the most pressing environmental issues of the time. It is caused by a variety of factors, but one of the most important is solar output.
  • Solar Activity as a Cause of Climate Change Climate change is not solely the result of human activity because solar activity also impacts the Earth’s climate in a significant manner.
  • How Human Activities Cause Climate Change Scientists and various leaders globally have seriously debated the causes of climate change. This essay involves a discussion of how human activities cause climate change.
  • Climate Change: Risks and Consequences Climate change has long been one of the global environmental challenges humanity has faced. A slow but steady rise in surface temperatures is a sustainable trend.
  • Deforestation and Its Impact on Climate Recently, ecologists have been attempting to raise public awareness about the negative effects of this phenomenon, particularly its contribution to climate change.
  • Carbon Dioxide Factor in Climate Change Increasing atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have a profound effect on global warming, and in turn, it affects the total temperature of the Earth.
  • Climate Change: The Role of Scientific and Technological Progress This paper serves as a starting point when looking at climate change and the effects of scientific and technological progress.
  • Climate Change and Modern Indigenous Treaties in Northern Canada The purpose of this paper is to answer the following question: how does climate change affect aboriginal culture, food gathering, and Canadian government policy?
  • Ascertaining Scientific Truth on Climate Change Human activities impact the environment. The consequences of anthropological actions reverberate across all aspects of the Earth’s habitat.
  • Climate Resilience Planning and Urban Planning Projects Resilience planning for climate change and the creation of urban planning projects is an essential aspect of the activities of States.
  • Climate Change and Fall of the Western Roman Empire The authors researched the relevant literature about why the Empire failed and how climate change was connected to the decline.
  • Climate Change and Accessibility to Safe Water The paper discusses climate change’s effect on water accessibility, providing graphs on water scarcity and freshwater use and resources.
  • Climate Change Prevention Improvements This paper aims to examine the principal indicators in achieving improvements in climate change prevention and the current results of programs.
  • Discussion of Impact of Climate Change in Society Modern scholars and environmentalists acknowledge that climate change is a major challenge affecting the global society today.
  • The UN Climate Change Conference: Indigenous Concerns During the UN Climate Change Conference, it was clear that indigenous environmental defenders have a particular stake in the outcomes of climate change global negotiations.
  • Climate Change: Canada’s Environment Policy The essay argues that Canada is a major contributor to climate change and its environmental policies are inadequate in resolving the environmental problems.
  • Researching the Interactions between Climate Change and Plankton Communities This paper is aimed at examining the interactions between climate change and plankton communities, focusing on the abundance, distribution, and structure of the species.
  • Climate Disruption: Understanding the Problem and Its Significance The climate crisis is a significant challenge facing humanity because rising average temperatures substantially impact the planet’s climate.
  • Business Transformation in the Context of Climate Crisis In the new realities of the growing attention to environmental problems, the business should focus not only on making a profit but also on protecting the environment.
  • Social Challenges of Climate Change Climate change is among the most pressing global issues, and it is not easy to find a solution that will work for everyone.
  • Climate Change: Factors and Future Climate change and global warming have been stressed since the early 20th century, and different environmental corps and governments have communicated several mitigation techniques.
  • The Affect of Climate Change on the Social and Environmental Determinants of Health There is a lack of sufficient awareness in society about how climate change affects health although it significantly influences its environmental determinants.
  • Climate Change in Environmentally Vulnerable Countries The repercussions of climate change are global in character and unprecedented in size, ranging from changing weather patterns to sea level rise.
  • The Future of Coal Plants Regarding Climate Change The use of coal plants to provide energy has been at the center of the growth of many economies of the world. However, coal is associated with the emission of greenhouse gasses.
  • Australia: Geography, Language, Climate, and Culture The Commonwealth of Australia consists of the Australian continent and several islands, including the island of Tasmania, the capital of Australia is Canberra.
  • Climate Disruption: Attracting People’s Attention In recent years, the Earth’s climate has changed markedly, with some countries suffering from abnormal heat waves and others from winters that are too harsh and snowy for their liking.
  • Climate Change: Improving Global Health The climate of the planet is changing, and today it is impossible to deny. The temperature of air and water is increasing every decade.
  • Global Warming: The Importance of Addressing the Climate Crisis The paper states that global warming has many consequences. Multiple scientific discoveries emphasize the importance of addressing the climate crisis urgently.
  • Climate Redux and Earth System Governmentality Allenby’s “Climate Redux: Welcome to the Anthropocene” and Lovbrand et al.’s “Earth System governmentality” offer timely insights into the climate change discussion.
  • Responsibility for Climate Migration The environment in Diamond’s framework is the combination of political, social, and economic factors, the most evident of which is climate change.
  • Climate Change and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Climate change is in large part caused by human action, and the continued industrial development of the world can be accredited to exacerbating the problem further than ever.
  • Climate Change Reflection in Law System The paper states that climate change in the coming decade will be crucial to achieving global goals set on the governmental and international levels.
  • The Science Behind Climate Change Regardless of how strong the natural change to the climate system was, it could not have led to the temperature increase seen over the past semicentenary.
  • Oil Spills and How They Are Related to Climate Change The paper states that oil spills are destructive to ecosystems. Oil spills and climate change are two deeply interrelated environmental phenomena.
  • A Climate Change Emergency in the US To handle the problem of climate change effects, the US must restrict carbon emissions by enforcing policies that favor the initiatives and financing the green economy.
  • Causes of Climate Change and Ways to Reduce It Despite the effects, investing in green energy, increasing vegetation cover, and conducting public education are some measures that can be taken to reduce climate change.
  • Climate Vulnerable Countries and International Monetary Fund The IMF is critical in dealing with the economic effects of climate change on vulnerable countries. It started to develop capacity and strategy to assist the V20 states.
  • Solar Energy in China and Its Influence on Climate Change The influence of solar energy on climate change has impacted production, the advancement of solar energy has impacted climate change in the geography of China.
  • Natural Climate Solutions for Climate Change in China The crisis in China gives rise to several significant environmental problems, including air pollution, land degradation, deforestation, and poor water quality.
  • Harmful Impact of Climate Change Climate change is one of the most notable environmental problems that humanity is facing today and defines it as ‘long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns’.
  • Anthropogenic Influence on Climate Change Throughout History The objective of this paper is to discuss the anthropogenic influence on climate change through history and adaptations during the glaciation period.
  • Climate Change, Its Causes and Implications The purpose of this paper is to present the causes and implications of climate change and to elaborate on the current climate change policies.
  • The Influence of Work Climate, Job Placement on Employee Performance One of the critical factors to increase performance is the correct work distribution aimed at employee preferences.
  • Climate Vulnerable Countries and International Organizations
  • Mitigating Climate Change in Massachusetts: Policy Recommendations
  • Climate Change: Dealing with the Problem
  • Disasters Caused by Climate Change
  • Impacts of Climate Change on Electricity Demand in China
  • Tree Planting Ameliorating Climate Change
  • The Global Impact of Climate Change Into Our Homes and Families
  • Climate Change and Mitigation Measures in China
  • Environmental Treaties in Addressing Climate Change
  • Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Food
  • The Truth Behind Climate Change
  • Web-Based Organizational Discourses: Climate Change
  • Discussing Climate Change: Randy Johnson
  • How Human Behavior Promotes Climate Change
  • The Impact of Global Climate Change on Health
  • Environmental Issues: Problems of Climate Change
  • Aspects of Global Climate Change
  • The Catholic Response to the Climate Change
  • Climate Change: Dangers and Prevention
  • Correlation of “Climate Change” and Public Health
  • The Problem of Climate Change in South Florida
  • Forest Biodiversity and Climate Effects on Ecosystem Carbon Flux
  • Climate Change as a Public Health Issue
  • Effect of Climate Change in the Future
  • Religion and Politics: Pope Francis and Climate Change
  • Climate Change: El Niño Oscillation Phenomenon (ENSO)
  • Climate and Social Change in Global Warming Crisis
  • Capitalism, Climate Change, and Globalization
  • Impact of Climate Change on Early Societies
  • Global Warming and Climate Change
  • Global Warming, Climate Change and Ozone Depletion
  • Climate Change: Forecast of Possible Events
  • Climate Change: Causes and Consequences, and the Issue of Social Collapse
  • Canada: The First Victim of Global Climate Change
  • Sustainable Development: The Climate Change Issues
  • Climate Change Skepticism in Relation to Global Warming
  • Global Warming: Do Human Activities Threaten to Change Climate?
  • Climate of San Francisko’s Region
  • Climate Change and Its Potential Impact on Agriculture and Food Supply
  • Solving the Climate Problem for Next 50 Years.
  • Women’s Activism Sources Around Climate Change
  • Weather and Climate Change: Physical Equations
  • Ecofeminism: Women Against Climate Change
  • The Climate Tragedy and Adaptation to Disasters
  • Health Issues Caused by Climate Change
  • Respiratory Diseases Caused by Climate Change
  • Climate Change Factors and Impacts on Blue Crab Populations
  • Global Warming Leads Climate Change
  • Climate Change Impacts Florida’s Biodiversity
  • Climate Change and Related Issues in Canada
  • Climate Change as Political Leaders’ Primary Concern
  • Climate Change Initiative in Canada
  • Climate Change and Social Responsibility in the UAE
  • Impact of Climate Change on Intermodal Transportation
  • Climate Changes Impact on Agriculture and Livestock
  • Remote Sensing Applications to Climate Change
  • Moral Leadership and Work Climate
  • Climate Change and Human Heath
  • Trump Presidency: Immigration and Climate Change
  • Climate Change as a Threat to Pension Fund
  • Climate Change: Changing Patterns of Malaria
  • Global Climate Change and Health Concerns
  • British Petroleum’s Risks due to Climate Changes
  • Paris Agreement: Climate Change Deal
  • Climate Change: Changing Patterns of Malaria Disease
  • Fun at Work, Organizational Culture and Climate
  • Rules and Positive Climate in Classroom Management
  • The Climate Change Problem
  • Global Climate Stabilization: Bryan Mignone Views
  • Humans Contribution to Global Climate Change
  • How the Solar System Is Formed?
  • Climate Change and International Trade
  • The United States Policy on Climate Change
  • The Issue of Global Climate Change and the Use of Global Ethic
  • Solar System Geology, Climate, and Composition
  • Why Does Climate Change Present Potential Dangers for the African Continent?
  • Are Flood Victims More Concerned About Climate Change Than Other People?
  • Has Climate Change Driven Urbanization in Africa?
  • Did Climate Affect Human Evolution?
  • What Are the Policy Challenges that National Governments Face in Addressing Climate Change?
  • Are Human Activities Contributing to Climate Change?
  • How Can Climate Justice and Energy Justice Be Reconciled?
  • Does Climate Change Foster Emigration From Less Developed Countries?
  • Are Human Values and Community Participation Key to Climate Adaptation?
  • Should Politicians Change Policies in Light of Climate Change?
  • How Can Society Address Climate Change?
  • Does Climate Policy Make the EU Economy More Resilient to Oil Price Rises?
  • Can Declining Energy Intensity Mitigate Climate Change?
  • How Can Climate Affect the Architecture?
  • What Does Climate Change Mean for Agriculture in Developing Countries?
  • Are Renewable Energy Policies Climate Friendly?
  • Can Climate Finance Contribute to Gender Equity in Developing Countries?
  • How Does Climate Change Impact Food Availability in Developing Countries?
  • Are Tax Exemptions for Electric Cars an Efficient Climate Policy Measure?
  • Why Is Maintaining Tropical Forests Essential and Urgent for a Stable Climate?
  • Can Renewable Energy Prevent Climate Change?
  • Does Energy Consumption Contribute to Climate Change?
  • Would Climate Change Lead to New Wars in Africa?
  • Can Technological Innovation Help China Take on Its Climate Responsibility?
  • Does Global Climate Policy Promote Low-Carbon Cities?

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These essay examples and topics on Climate were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

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Essays on Climate Change

Climate change: essay topics for college students.

Welcome to our resource page designed for college students seeking inspiration for their climate change essays. The choice of topic is a crucial first step in the writing process, reflecting your personal interests and creativity. This page aims to guide you through selecting a compelling essay topic that not only captivates your interest but also challenges you to think critically and analytically.

Depending on your assignment requirements or personal preference, essays can be categorized into several types. Below, you will find a variety of climate change essay topics categorized by essay type. Each topic is accompanied by an introductory paragraph example, highlighting a clear thesis statement, and a conclusion paragraph example that summarizes the essay's main points and reiterates the thesis.

Argumentative Essays

  • Topic: The Effectiveness of International Agreements in Combating Climate Change

Introduction Example: Despite the global consensus on the urgent need to address climate change, the effectiveness of international agreements remains a contentious issue. This essay will argue that while such agreements have made significant strides in promoting global cooperation, they fall short in enforcing tangible changes due to lack of binding enforcement mechanisms. Thesis Statement: International agreements, though crucial, are not sufficiently effective in combating climate change without enforceable commitments.

Conclusion Example: In summarizing, international agreements provide a framework for climate action but lack the enforcement necessary for real change. To combat climate change effectively, these agreements must be accompanied by binding commitments that ensure countries adhere to their promises, underscoring the need for a more robust global enforcement mechanism.

Compare and Contrast Essays

  • Topic: Renewable Energy Sources vs. Fossil Fuels: A Comparative Analysis

Introduction Example: The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is often touted as a pivotal solution to climate change. This essay will compare and contrast these two energy sources, highlighting differences in environmental impact, cost-effectiveness, and long-term sustainability. Thesis Statement: Renewable energy sources, despite higher initial costs, are more environmentally sustainable and cost-effective in the long run compared to fossil fuels.

Conclusion Example: Through this comparative analysis, it is clear that renewable energy sources offer a more sustainable and cost-effective solution to powering our world than fossil fuels. Embracing renewables not only mitigates the impact of climate change but also secures a sustainable energy future.

Descriptive Essays

  • Topic: The Impact of Climate Change on Coral Reefs

Introduction Example: Coral reefs, often referred to as the rainforests of the sea, are facing unprecedented threats from climate change. This essay aims to describe the profound impact of rising temperatures and ocean acidification on coral reef ecosystems. Thesis Statement: Climate change poses a severe threat to coral reefs, leading to bleaching events, habitat loss, and a decline in marine biodiversity.

Conclusion Example: The devastation of coral reefs is a stark reminder of the broader impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems. Protecting these vital habitats requires immediate action to mitigate the effects of climate change and preserve marine biodiversity for future generations.

Persuasive Essays

  • Topic: The Role of Individual Actions in Mitigating Climate Change

Introduction Example: While the role of governments and corporations is often emphasized in the fight against climate change, individual actions play a crucial part in this global challenge. This essay will persuade readers that personal lifestyle choices can significantly impact efforts to mitigate climate change. Thesis Statement: Individual actions, when collectively embraced, can drive significant environmental change and are essential in the fight against climate change.

Conclusion Example: In conclusion, the cumulative effect of individual actions can make a substantial difference in addressing climate change. By adopting more sustainable lifestyles, individuals can contribute to a larger movement towards environmental stewardship and climate action.

Narrative Essays

  • Topic: A Personal Journey Towards Sustainable Living

Introduction Example: Embarking on a journey towards sustainable living is both a personal challenge and a contribution to the global fight against climate change. This narrative essay will share my journey of adopting a more sustainable lifestyle, reflecting on the challenges, successes, and insights gained along the way. Thesis Statement: Through personal commitment to sustainable living, individuals can contribute meaningfully to mitigating climate change while discovering the intrinsic rewards of a simpler, more purposeful lifestyle.

Conclusion Example: This journey towards sustainable living has not only contributed to climate action but has also offered a deeper appreciation for the importance of individual choices. As more people embark on similar journeys, the collective impact on our planet can be transformative.

Engagement and Creativity

We encourage you to select a topic that resonates with your personal interests and academic goals. Dive deep into your chosen subject, employ critical thinking, and let your creativity flow as you explore different perspectives and solutions to climate change. Remember, the best essays are not only informative but also engaging and thought-provoking.

Educational Value

Writing on these topics will not only enhance your understanding of climate change and its implications but also develop your skills in research, critical thinking, persuasive writing, and narrative storytelling. Each essay type offers a unique opportunity to explore different facets of the climate crisis, encouraging you to engage with the material in a meaningful way.

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Mother Nature and Climate Change: We Must Take Action

Climate change: a rhetorical perspective, the global problem of co2 emission and its possible solution, impact of the youth climate movement on climate change, the impact of global warming on climate change, climate change and business and government initiatives, impact of climate change on british columbia's biodiversity, the top three individual contributors to climate change, the issue of climate change in african countries, climate change: greenhouse effect, the crucial importance of addressing climate change, climate change and the australian fires, climate changes: emission of greenhouse gases, human & nature contribution, worsening california's wildfires: climate change, climate change as the one of the biggest threats to humanity now, analysis on climate change and the deterioration of the environment, greenhouse gases and climate change, investigation of the consequences of climate change, india's efforts towards mitigating climate change, the importance of climate change education.

Climate change refers to the long-term alteration of Earth's climate patterns, encompassing variations in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other atmospheric conditions. It is primarily driven by natural processes but has been significantly accelerated by human activities, such as the emission of greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels and deforestation.

Greta Thunberg is a prominent figure in the fight against climate change. As a Swedish environmental activist, she gained international attention for her efforts to raise awareness about the urgent need for climate action. Thunberg initiated the "Fridays for Future" movement, inspiring students worldwide to strike from school to demand government action on climate change. Dr. James Hansen, a renowned climate scientist, has made significant contributions to the field of climate research. He was one of the first scientists to warn about the dangers of human-induced global warming. Dr. Hansen's testimony before the U.S. Congress in 1988 played a crucial role in raising awareness about climate change and its potential consequences.

The historical context of climate change dates back centuries, with notable events highlighting the understanding and awareness of this global issue. One significant event is the Industrial Revolution, which began in the 18th century and marked a shift towards mass production and increased use of fossil fuels. This period of rapid industrialization contributed to the substantial release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, setting the stage for the ongoing climate crisis. In the late 19th century, scientists such as Svante Arrhenius started to explore the relationship between carbon dioxide levels and Earth's temperature. However, it was not until the mid-20th century that climate change gained significant attention. In 1958, the Keeling Curve measurements began, demonstrating the rising trend of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The 1980s witnessed a turning point with the establishment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988. This international body assesses scientific research on climate change and provides policymakers with valuable insights. Another notable event was the adoption of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992, which laid the foundation for global cooperation on addressing climate change. Since then, several key events have shaped the discourse on climate change, including the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, and the Paris Agreement in 2015.

Greenhouse gas emissions: The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, releases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) into the atmosphere, trapping heat and contributing to global warming. Deforestation: The clearing of forests for agriculture, logging, and urbanization reduces the Earth's capacity to absorb CO2, leading to higher greenhouse gas concentrations. Industrial activities: Industrial processes, including manufacturing, construction, and chemical production, release CO2 and other greenhouse gases through energy consumption and the use of certain chemicals. Agricultural practices: Livestock farming produces methane through enteric fermentation and manure management, while the use of synthetic fertilizers releases nitrous oxide. Land use changes: Converting land for agriculture, urban development, or other purposes alters natural ecosystems and contributes to the release of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. Waste management: Improper handling and decomposition of organic waste in landfills produce methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Changes in land and water management: Alterations in land and water use, such as dam construction, can impact natural systems and disrupt the carbon cycle. Natural factors: Natural processes like volcanic eruptions and variations in solar radiation can temporarily influence climate patterns.

Rising temperatures: Global warming leads to increased average temperatures worldwide, resulting in heatwaves, melting glaciers and polar ice, and rising sea levels. Extreme weather events: Climate change intensifies extreme weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, floods, and wildfires, leading to devastating impacts on ecosystems, communities, and infrastructure. Disruption of ecosystems: Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns disrupt ecosystems, affecting biodiversity, migration patterns, and the survival of plant and animal species. Water scarcity: Changing climate patterns can alter rainfall patterns, causing water scarcity in certain regions, affecting agriculture, drinking water supplies, and ecosystems that depend on water sources. Health impacts: Climate change contributes to the spread of diseases, heat-related illnesses, and respiratory problems due to increased air pollution and the expansion of disease vectors. Economic losses: Extreme weather events and disruptions to agricultural productivity can result in significant economic losses, impacting industries, livelihoods, and global supply chains. Food security challenges: Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns affect crop yields, leading to food shortages, increased food prices, and challenges in ensuring global food security. Displacement of populations: Rising sea levels and extreme weather events can lead to the displacement of communities and the loss of homes and livelihoods, resulting in climate-induced migration.

Transition to renewable energy: Shifting from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change. Energy efficiency: Improving energy efficiency in industries, transportation, and buildings can reduce energy consumption and lower greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainable transportation: Promoting electric vehicles, public transportation, and biking/walking infrastructure can reduce emissions from the transportation sector, a major contributor to climate change. Forest conservation and reforestation: Protecting existing forests and implementing reforestation projects can help absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and preserve biodiversity. Sustainable agriculture: Adopting practices such as organic farming, agroforestry, and precision agriculture can reduce emissions from agriculture and promote soil health. Circular economy: Shifting towards a circular economy model that emphasizes recycling, waste reduction, and sustainable production can reduce emissions and minimize resource consumption. Climate policy and international cooperation: Implementing strong climate policies, such as carbon pricing and emissions trading, and fostering international cooperation to address climate change can drive collective action and accountability. Public awareness and education: Raising awareness about climate change and promoting education on sustainable practices can inspire individuals and communities to take action and make environmentally conscious choices.

Climate change has garnered significant attention in media, with various forms of media portraying its impact and raising awareness about the issue. Films like "An Inconvenient Truth" (2006) by Al Gore and "Before the Flood" (2016) by Leonardo DiCaprio present compelling documentaries that highlight the consequences of climate change and advocate for urgent action. These films use scientific evidence, expert interviews, and compelling visuals to engage and inform audiences.

In addition to documentaries, climate change is frequently depicted in news media through articles, reports, and opinion pieces. News outlets often cover climate-related events, such as extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and environmental activism. For instance, media coverage of global climate strikes led by young activists like Greta Thunberg has amplified the urgency of the issue and mobilized public discourse.

Furthermore, climate change is a recurring theme in literature, with books like "The Water Will Come" by Jeff Goodell and "The Sixth Extinction" by Elizabeth Kolbert exploring the environmental challenges we face. These literary works offer in-depth analysis, personal stories, and scientific research to provide readers with a deeper understanding of climate change.

1. The levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Earth's atmosphere are currently higher than any recorded in the past 800,000 years. According to data from ice core samples, pre-industrial CO2 levels averaged around 280 parts per million (ppm), while current levels have exceeded 410 ppm. 2. Rising global temperatures have led to the loss of an estimated 150 billion tons of ice per year from glaciers worldwide. If the current trend continues, it is projected that sea levels could rise by about 0.3 to 1 meter by the end of the century, endangering low-lying areas and increasing the frequency of coastal flooding. 3. The year 2020 tied with 2016 as the hottest year on record, according to data from multiple global temperature datasets. This warming trend is consistent with long-term climate change caused by human activities.

Climate change is a critical and pressing global issue that warrants extensive analysis and discussion. Writing an essay on this topic is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, climate change poses significant threats to our planet's ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being. By exploring the causes, impacts, and potential solutions of climate change, we can raise awareness and foster a sense of urgency to address this issue. Secondly, climate change is intricately linked to various socio-economic and political factors. It intersects with topics such as sustainable development, environmental justice, and global governance. Understanding these complex connections is essential for informed decision-making and policy formulation. Furthermore, climate change is a subject of great scientific interest and ongoing research. It offers an opportunity to delve into interdisciplinary fields like climatology, ecology, economics, and social sciences. Writing an essay on climate change allows for the exploration of scientific studies, data analysis, and the evaluation of different perspectives.

1. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2018). Global warming of 1.5°C. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/ 2. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (n.d.). Climate change: How do we know? Retrieved from https://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/ 3. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. (2015). Paris Agreement. Retrieved from https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/the-paris-agreement 4. World Health Organization. (2018). Climate change and health. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health 5. Environmental Protection Agency. (2021). Climate change indicators: Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/greenhouse-gases 6. United Nations Environment Programme. (2020). Emissions gap report 2020. Retrieved from https://www.unep.org/emissions-gap-report-2020 7. Stern, N. (2007). The economics of climate change: The Stern Review. Cambridge University Press. 8. Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. (2019). Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Retrieved from https://ipbes.net/sites/default/files/2020-02/ipbes_global_assessment_report_summary_for_policymakers_en.pdf 9. World Meteorological Organization. (2021). State of the global climate 2020. Retrieved from https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=10739 10. Cook, J., Oreskes, N., Doran, P. T., Anderegg, W. R., Verheggen, B., Maibach, E. W., ... & Nuccitelli, D. (2016). Consensus on consensus: A synthesis of consensus estimates on human-caused global warming. Environmental Research Letters, 11(4), 048002. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048002

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Essays About Climate Change: 7 Interesting Topic Ideas

Here, we’ll look at essays about climate change’s causes, effects, and impacts that you can use in your next essay.

Climate change is happening in real-time, and global warming activists are working hard to raise awareness around how human activities affect the health of the Earth.

From greenhouse gas emissions to fossil fuels, many causes of climate change cause temperature increases, changes in weather patterns, and other negative impacts on the environment. Many activists are working not just to teach others about how climate change affects the Earth but also to spread the word about how using renewable energy (such as solar energy) can help protect the Earth’s biodiversity, calm weather conditions, and positively impact human health by mitigating the effects of global warming.

Global warming has been a hot and controversial topic over the past few years. While activists argue that human activities cause global warming, some people hold strong to the belief that global warming is a naturally occurring phenomenon that would go on regardless of air pollution due to carbon emissions and other factors that contribute to the greenhouse effect.

Thankfully, there are many things that people can do to positively affect Earth’s atmosphere, from small behaviors (like biking to work once a week instead of driving) to large actions (creating policy changes through organizations like the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change).

Here are 7 interesting climate change essay topics.

For help with your essays, check out our round-up of the best essay checkers

1. Global Climate Change Initiatives: What’s Working Now

2. global warming isn’t just affecting the environment: it’s affecting the world’s most vulnerable populations, 3. global warming and our landscape: how our oceans and skies may change , 4. global warming and extreme weather: what to expect in coming years, 5. which nations are—and aren’t—equipped to handle the effects of global warming, 6. climate change truths: proof that global warming is happening, 7. civil disobedience as a means of creating climate change awareness, the final word on essays about climate change, what can people do to offset climate change, what are some of the most recent environmental issues caused by climate change.

If you’re interested in how global warming affects the planet , it can be exciting to write an essay on what people of power are doing to fight climate change. This essay is important to discuss how global warming and climate change affect the planet. You won’t need to delve too deeply into the science behind climate change, but you’ll want to be sure that your reader has a basic understanding before you start to talk about initiatives that are helping to protect the Earth. 

Climate change initiatives change constantly, so you must look at the latest global efforts to help lower carbon emissions and help preserve what’s left of the Earth’s ozone layer. Be sure to check in on research and initiatives from the United Nations and Greenpeace, and other organizations committed to fighting for the planet’s health. Check out these articles about Earth .

There are devastating social and political effects of climate change and how countries repeatedly draw lines in the sand against global warming—only to erase those lines when it’s politically or economically beneficial to do so. In an essay on the sociological and political effects of climate change, you can discuss how climate change effects disproportionately affect people in the most vulnerable areas of the world.

Many people in less economically stable areas of the world experience difficulty recovering from disastrous weather events linked to global warming. When writing an essay about how global warming affects vulnerable populations, it’s key to write about both how people are affected immediately (lack of access to medical care, lack of housing, food scarcity, etc.) and how people are affected long term (including how local economies change after a weather-related disaster). 

Wolchover discusses the very real possibility that climate change could eliminate the way we currently know the sky—and the implications that could have on weather, the atmosphere, and the biodiversity of the Earth. In an essay on how the landscape as we know it could change, it’s important to reflect on important parts of life that we take for granted—such as glancing at the blue and white sky above—could be swept out from under us if we fail to take action to reverse climate change.

Melting glaciers and rising sea levels mean that beloved coastlines could disappear. It’s also possible that the sky could change, with clouds as we currently know them disappearing from our horizons. When writing an essay on how climate change could affect the way the Earth looks, be sure to use descriptive language, helping readers to fully picture how the world outside their front door could change if global warming continues on its predicted path. You might also be interested in these articles about climate change for students .

Essays About Climate Change: Global warming and extreme weather

Many people only think about weather changes, how extreme weather events can affect humanity, and how temperature changes can cause ocean levels to rise when faced with climate change. Sadly, many people believe that climate change will lead to wars, economic stress, and health issues due to biodiversity and water supply changes.

While the thought of weather disasters is terrifying, many people feel better when they know what to expect. When writing an essay on the possible implications of climate change in the coming years, be sure to include quotes from the latest research. As climate change continues, predictions change, and your essay must include facts and figures from the most recent studies.

Some countries are well-prepared for global warming and understand the steps they need to take to prepare for changing weather patterns and rising sea levels. Other countries are not as well equipped. 

When writing an essay on which nations are best prepared to deal with the consequences of global warming, it’s smart to choose a few countries on which you’d like to focus. You may want to compare and contrast your own country and surrounding countries, or you may want to compare and contrast countries that are well-prepared to deal with the consequences of global warming with countries that are not well-prepared. 

In your essay on which countries are prepared to deal with global warming, you may also want to offer suggestions that countries that are not prepared could use to better protect their landscapes and citizens from climate change. Looking for more? You might be interested in these essays about natural disasters .

An essay on the reality of climate change can address the many factors that contribute to global warming  and the evidence that climate change has negatively affected the environment, including lower populations of animals, wildfires, droughts, etc., floods.

Some people do not believe that climate change is a real phenomenon. When writing about climate change truths, it’s also important to address why some people do not believe in climate change and refute these arguments with the latest research in climate science. 

When does the plant’s health become more important than following the law? According to experts, historically, large protests can pave a long-lasting change. According to social science research, the key is that at least 3.5% of the population needs to get involved in creating a difference.

It can be tough to decide when breaking the law is the way to get things done, but according to history, civil disobedience has a way of creating positive change. When writing about whether civil disobedience is the right way to bring about climate change awareness, research the latest news stories on how people are working to make others aware of global warming. 

You’ll also want to write about how citizens worldwide can be fined or otherwise punished for civil disobedience when covering this topic. Including this information in your essay can help your reader understand the lengths people are willing to go to raise climate change awareness. If possible, it’s also smart to include a first-person anecdote in your essay on civil disobedience and climate change, as this can help make the idea of peaceful protest for positive change more real to your reader. For more, see these articles about pollution .

Overusing natural resources, failing to take care of the planet, and refusing to explore renewable energy sources have all put the Earth in a bad place. Natural disasters and melting polar ice caps are likely to worsen as people fail to take action and change the behaviors that negatively impact the environment.

Thankfully, many groups are working to raise awareness about climate change, helping citizens make the small adjustments to life that can go a long way in improving the planet’s health. Reading essays about climate change and understanding the problem can be the first step toward understanding how to create positive change.

FAQs On Essays About Climate Change

People can take many simple actions to offset the effects of climate change, including biking to work or taking public transportation instead of driving, cutting down on meat consumption, limiting travel, and switching to renewable energy sources (such as solar power).

Rainfall changes have caused some of the most severe effects of global warming in recent years, including droughts, floods, and wildfires.

If you’d like to learn more, in this guide, our writer explains how to write an argumentative essay .

climate essay title

Amanda has an M.S.Ed degree from the University of Pennsylvania in School and Mental Health Counseling and is a National Academy of Sports Medicine Certified Personal Trainer. She has experience writing magazine articles, newspaper articles, SEO-friendly web copy, and blog posts.

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50+ Climate Change Essay Topics

Table of Contents

How to Select the Best Climate Change Essay Topic?

Selecting climate change topics can be quite tedious for students. However, following the steps below can help make it easier.

Step 1. Conduct simple background research on the issue of climate change.

Step 2. Select an area on climate change which interests you.

Step 3. Read and research widely from scholarly articles and books. This will help you to gain insights on possible topics.

Step 4. Brainstorm. This will help to choose the best topic that will aid you in writing your ideas from the research done.

The four steps above will help to alleviate your fears in writing essays on climate change and take you one step above into writing an essay that will catch the eye of your instructor.

Climate change is a crucial subject across the globe in the modern age of industrialization and technological development. As a result, there is no surprise that it is also a frequent topic on essay writing in learning institutions. I will outline a list of essay topics on climate change that you are likely to bump into when writing your college assignments and tests.

  • Impact of climate change on the ecological state of earth natural resources.
  • Impact of climate change on agricultural activities across the globe.
  • Human activities have contributed to climate change .
  • Leading causes of global climate change.
  • List and explain measures which can be used to prevent the dangerous outcomes caused by climate change.
  • What is the role an individual can play in the prevention of climate change?
  • Name species which can adapt to climate change and explain how.
  • What role can education play in reducing the negative impacts of climate change?
  • Critically analyze the impact of global warming and climate change on marine life.
  • The role of climate change in the rising of diseases.
  • How does the use of fossil fuel as a means of transportation in Beijing China impact global warming and what are the possible solutions which can be implemented to alleviate the situation?
  • Does global warming play a role in the rise of frequency and intensity of typhoons and hurricanes? Use case studies from the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean .
  • Impact of climate change on service industries such as tourism and hospitality.
  • Solutions to the current climate change crisis.
  • What are the future implications of climate change with the current trends?
  • What is the role of technology in predicting climate change, and how can it help to prevent the current climate change crisis?
  • The role of politics in the decline of climate change.
  • Outline the alternative sources of energy which can be used to help prevent the adverse effects of climate change.
  • The insurance industry and its importance in climate change.
  • How does climate change affect biodiversity?
  • Describe the role of climate change on the extinction of plants and animals.
  • What role does climate change play in the migration of human beings?
  • What role did President Obama play during his eight-year tenure to address the issue of global warming and climate change in the United States?
  • Is technology to blame for the deterioration of the climate and the rise of global warming?
  • Going with the current trend in climate change, does humanity have hope in solving issues on climate change?
  • Critically analyze the issue of climate change in Al Gore’s documentary .
  • Watch and analyze the video on the effects of climate change by David Attenborough and present your analysis on the film.
  • Why do some countries ignore climate change?
  • Are multinational companies a cause of climate change or a solution to it?
  • How can human activities be regulated to ensure that climate change is kept in check?

The list above consists of a wide variety of topics on climate change that professors and instructors are likely to use to assess their students. Therefore, it is vital to ensure that you are comfortable in handling any of the topics.

Best Climate Change Topics for Essay in 2023

  • The impact of climate change on the world’s oceans and marine ecosystems.
  • The effectiveness of current climate change mitigation policies and strategies.
  • The impact of climate change on global food security and agriculture.
  • The role of international cooperation in addressing climate change.
  • The impact of climate change on biodiversity and conservation efforts.
  • The economic and social costs of climate change and its mitigation.
  • The role of renewable energy technologies in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
  • The impact of climate change on human health and wellbeing.
  • The role of education and public awareness in addressing climate change.
  • The impact of climate change on water resources and availability.
  • The impact of climate change on indigenous peoples and their traditional knowledge systems.
  • The role of business and industry in addressing climate change and promoting sustainability.
  • The impact of climate change on migration and human displacement.
  • The role of urban planning and design in mitigating the impact of climate change.
  • The impact of climate change on tourism and the travel industry.
  • The role of environmental justice in addressing climate change and promoting social equity.
  • The impact of climate change on natural disasters and emergency management.
  • The role of climate change adaptation strategies in reducing vulnerability and enhancing resilience.
  • The impact of climate change on the Arctic and its implications for global climate patterns.
  • The role of international climate change negotiations and agreements in addressing the crisis.

Climate Change Argumentative Essay Topics

  • What are said to be the causes of climate change?
  • How did the Obama administration stand up against climate change ?
  • How did the Trump administration change the global mindset of climate change?
  • What effect did Greta Thornburg have on congress?
  • What are some examples of climate change that are blatantly apparent?
  • Is global warming a financial stunt?
  • How can reducing one’s carbon footprint affects the rising climate?
  • How do different countries tackle climate change, and what can the United States learn from them?
  • Will the oil and gas industry survive climate awareness? If not, how will they replace jobs?
  • Can we break our dependence on crude oil?
  • The urgency of taking immediate action to mitigate the impact of climate change.
  • The role of individual responsibility in addressing climate change.
  • The impact of climate change denial and skepticism on policy and public opinion.
  • The effectiveness of market-based approaches, such as carbon pricing, in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
  • The responsibility of developed countries in addressing climate change and supporting adaptation in developing countries.
  • The role of climate engineering technologies in mitigating the impact of climate change.
  • The impact of climate change on international security and geopolitical relations.
  • The role of government regulation in promoting sustainability and reducing carbon emissions.
  • The impact of climate change on global economic stability and development.
  • The ethical implications of climate change and its disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations.

Examples of Climate Change Essay Questions That You Are Likely to Come Across

It is not uncommon for your professor or class instructor to assess a student’s capabilities on climate change through the use of questions. Below is a list of essay questions on climate change that your instructor may ask you to tackle your knowledge on the subject.

  • Are the actions taken today against the adversaries of climate change meaningful, or is it too late?
  • Are efforts made towards creating a green environment beneficial for us today, or is it limited to the future generations only?
  • What are the cost implications of measures put in place to cut the use of carbon emissions?
  • Considering the expensive nature of nuclear energy and the limited amount of energy produced by fossil fuels, how can we realistically eliminate the use of fossil fuels?
  • Will the proposed changes on climate change drive people into poverty due to the rise in costs?
  • Why is carbon dioxide at the center of talks and remedies on climate change?
  • What are the available sets of evidence which prove the role of human activities in the accumulation of toxic gases which have led to climate change?
  • What is your understanding of the term global warming?
  • How has global warming affected human beings?
  • Do the current trends predict a better future or a worse one in terms of climate change?

Therefore, do not be surprised if your professor picks one of the questions above as the topic for your next assignment.

Climate Change Essay Ideas to Bolster Your Creativity

Although you have a list of questions and essays on climate change, you may find yourself struggling to write a quality essay on the topic. Here is a list of ideas on climate change that can help to boost your creativity when writing an essay on the same.

  • Climate change essays usually center on the critical problems which result from human activities.
  • One of the major topics which are often associated with climate change is global warming.
  • When writing essays on climate change, statistics from credible sources like the United Nations on issues such as emission of harmful gases is vital to give a real-world example of the situation on climate cha game.
  • Scientific reports and research papers are an essential part of climate change essays.
  • Climate change essays should inspire humanity to seek solutions to the problem.

The ideas above act as a map through which one can outline the consult on the directions of writing a top-notch essay on climate change. If you have experienced difficulties in the past when writing a paper on climate change, the article above will help you dearly in addressing your issues. However, if you still experience difficulties, reach out to us for help. We provide assistance in writing quality essays by academic essay writers and assignments that will help to take your grades to the next level.

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Climate Change Essays (Examples)

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Climate change and disease global.

As a result of the aforementioned factors, problems have developed that need to be overcome. The best way to describe this situation is by comparing the increase of the rate of infectious disease to the fluctuation in temperatures; a connection needs be established between the two. Being able to control the diseases once they have already infested areas that are not accustomed to dealing with them is the major problem that needs to be resolved. Climate change changes not only the temperatures, but the ecological state of the earth's natural resources (NDC). A shift in this can cause for carriers of diseases to be able to sustain the life of the disease itself. Once these resources are established and the sustained growth of an infectious disease is established, it can become nearly impossible to get rid of. Once the disease has arrived, getting it under control and informing the public….

References:

Hasham, Alyshah. "Climate Change Spreads Infectious Diseases Worldwide." International News Services. N.p., 25 Jan. 2011. Web. 16 Apr. 2013. .

NRDC. "Infectious Diseases: Dengue Fever, West Nile Virus, and Lyme Disease." Climate Change Threatens Health: Infectious Diseases. Natural Resources Defense Council, n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2013. .

Rowland, Katherine. "Spread of Diseases Linked to Climate Change." Financial Times: Global Economy. Financial Times, 26 Apr. 2012. Web. 16 Apr. 2013. .

Smith, Rick. "Is Climate Change Aiding Spread of Disease?" National Geographic. National Geographic Society, n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2013. .

Climate Change Too Hot to Handle Climate

Climate change; Too hot to handle? Climate Change In respect to the world peace, today, there are various issues of concern for survival of humanity in the universe. There are growing interest into the subject of arms race, regional conflicts and continuous injustices among people and nations. However, among the challenges related to these issues, one surpasses the understanding of humanity on measures to adopt in combating it. This is the subject of climate change. In view of the universe, form its conception; it presented a sustainable and self-sufficient habitat for humanity and life in general (Boom, 2011). However, continued irresponsible and downright misuse, overexploitation and pollution of the environment created the current issue of climate change. Climate change presents a threat to life from animals, to plants and people. Climate change entail the drastic change in weather phenomena and patterns, such as irregular and unpredictable temperature changes, rainfall patterns among others.….

Australian Catholic University. (2013). Climate Change: Too hot to handle? Australian Catholic

Velasquez, M. Andre, C. Shanks, T.S.J., and Meyer, M. .J. (2012). The Common Good.

Markkula Center for Applied Ethics.

The Royal Society. (2010). Climate Change: a summary of the science. Retrived from  http://royalsociety.org/uploadedFiles/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2010/4

Climate Change Executive of a Company Re

Climate Change Executive of a Company Re: Implications of different approaches for the U.S. To implement and address climate change. Anthropogenic climate change is that which is dominated by human influences, in particular human contribution to atmospheric composition. It is established that anthropogenic climate change is like to continue for many centuries. The effects of climate change on the planet, and on the U.S., will be far-reaching, affecting all aspects of human life on earth (Karl & Trenberth, 2003). Climate change is a global problem, but each nation has the ability to make its own contributions to addressing the problem. There are three main areas where nations can address climate change. The first is to adopt national strategies to stem the pace of climate change; the second is to work within the international system to foster global efforts to stem the pace of climate change; and the third is to adopt national strategies to….

Works Cited:

Karl, T. & Trenbarth, K. (2003). Modern global climate change. Science. Vol. 302 (2003) 1719-1721.

EPA. (2013). Cap and trade. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved April 16, 2013 from  

Climate Change Regulation Climate Change Climate Is

Climate Change egulation Climate Change Climate is referred to as the weather patterns of a particular area over a long period. Earth climate can be divided into five main groups, which are as follow: Tropical Climate Dry Climate Warm Moderate Climate Cold Moderate Climate Cold Climate Areas close to equator are the hottest as they get regular sunshine while areas close to poles are the coldest as they receive minimum amount of sunshine. There are two main factors that affect the climate which are natural and man made. Natural factors include change in climate patterns, atmosphere, rock, ocean, ice sheets and human beings as well. The factors that affect the weather are as follow: Ocean: Oceans currents are responsible for carrying the warmth to different parts of the world. Atmosphere: Air is part of the atmosphere and it is either dry or humid in both cases it is moving some time by heating up and some time by cooling down without the….

Archer, D. (2011). Global Warming: Understanding the Forecast. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.

Karling, H.M. (2011). Global Climate Change. Huntington, NY: Nova Science Publ.

Maslin, M. (2006). Global Warming: Causes, Effects, and the Future. Stillwater, MN: Voyageur Press.

Orts, E.W., & Deketelaere, K. (2001). Environmental Contracts: Comparative Approaches to Regulatory Innovation in the United States and Europe. London: Kluwer Law International.

Climate Change Changing Our World Man Made or Environmental Theory or Reality

Climate Change The world's ecological issues have been studied intensely by scientists in various academic disciplines vigorously for many years and have been greatly accelerated in recent decades. The level of understanding about how natural systems on the planet operate has become immensely sophisticated. Although there are still some issues that remain puzzling, on the whole, scientists have a fairly good understanding of the planets natural systems function. In recent years much of the research has been aided the technological advancements in computing power which allows for modeling systems such as the water cycle, the carbon cycle, and land area use. In fact the knowledge base has grown to a point in which scientist can predict with some accuracy the future of how the natural systems will be affected through the natural changes in these systems coupled with the human interactions that work to alter many of these systems. Climate change, which….

Works Cited

Browner, C. (2002, March 1). Polluters Should Have to Pay. Retrieved from The New York Times:  http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/01/opinion/polluters-should-have-to-pay.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm 

CO2 Now. (2013, November 22). Earth's CO2 Home Page. Retrieved November 16, 2011, from CO2 Now:  http://co2now.org/ 

Hanna, S., & Osborne-Lee, I. (2011). Sustainable economy of the ecological footprint: economic analysis and impacts. In V. Esteve, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development VIII (pp. 313-342). Southampton: WIT Press.

Hensen, J., Sato, M., Kharecha, P., Beerling, D., & Masson-Delmotte, V. (2008). Target Atmoshperic CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim? NASA Goddard Intitute for Space Studies, 1-18.

Climate Change and How it Effects the World and Agriculture

Climate Change Projections Expected Impact on orld Agricultural The objective of this work is to research climate change which is a critically important issue and is no respecter of person in that it affects all upon the earth, man, beast, fish, fowl, and organism. The water temperature will be affected, the air that is breathed each and every element upon, in and surrounding mother earth will experience collectively the changing of earth's climate. The topic of climatic change is one that is ever present on the minds of scientists and meteorologists as well as many others across the globe. Since the melting of the earth's northern as well as southern polar caps, and the news of 70-foot waves ending luxury cruises, as well as glacier and ice shelf collisions in the news, certainly everyone is slowly but surely becoming aware of the change in the climatic conditions of earth's biosphere. Climatologists and Meteorologist Predictions Climatologists….

McMichaels, et al., eds. (2002) Climate Change and Human Health Executive Summary (2002) An Assessment Prepared by World Health Organization Taskgroup in Collaboration with World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme/U.S. Climate Change Science Program / U.S. Global Change Research Program, Tuesday 20 June 2002 Suite 250, 1717 Pennsylvania Ave, NW, Washington, DC Online available at: http://www.us gcrp .gov/usgcrp/WHO/WHOEXEC.html

Climate Change (2005) Online Retrieved from the Internet 05-04-05.

 http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/climate/climate.htm  .

Woteki, Catherine (2002) Food, Agriculture, and Climate Change: The U.S. And International Outlook USGCRP Seminar, 7 January 1997 U.S. Climate Change Science Program / U.S. Global Change Research Program, Online available at: http: / / www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/seminars/9717DD.html.

Climate Change Summary of the

The likelihood that climate change is related to human activity is not given a precise number in the summary; it is noted that eighty-nine percent of seventy-five different studies' more than twenty-nine thousand observational data series support global warming as a cause for observed effects, but this figure does not link the climate change to human activity taken on its own. The authors of the summary state that the connection can be stated with "high confidence," however, meaning that they approximate the likelihood as an eight-out-of-ten chance (80%). In order to come to this conclusion, the summary largely relied on data syntheses that seem to have predicted effects of anthropogenic warming it then confirmed without necessarily establishing a causal link. Modeling studies that actually separated warming causes are perhaps the most conclusive pieces of evidence supporting this conclusion. There some rather obvious and large assumption and interpretations made by the authors….

What is certain when it comes to climate change is that the average world temperature has increased by approximately one degree Celsius since 1970, and that sea levels have also shown a measurable rise over the same period. any of the effects of this trend can also be linked to global warming with certainty. Though the evidence in the summary is compelling, the causal relationship between human activity and climate change is still not entirely certain, nor are many of the projected effects of the current climate change or indeed the projections concerning the future of climate change. Though even the summary refrains from language that claims its conclusions as certain, the information it provides does contend that humans are most likely the source of climate change. Natural global temperature variation is also cited as a possible and even a likely contributor, though its effect is more powerful in skewing overall results.

The likelihood that climate change is related to human activity is not given a precise number in the summary; it is noted that eighty-nine percent of seventy-five different studies' more than twenty-nine thousand observational data series support global warming as a cause for observed effects, but this figure does not link the climate change to human activity taken on its own. The authors of the summary state that the connection can be stated with "high confidence," however, meaning that they approximate the likelihood as an eight-out-of-ten chance (80%). In order to come to this conclusion, the summary largely relied on data syntheses that seem to have predicted effects of anthropogenic warming it then confirmed without necessarily establishing a causal link. Modeling studies that actually separated warming causes are perhaps the most conclusive pieces of evidence supporting this conclusion.

There some rather obvious and large assumption and interpretations made by the authors of this summary in some of their conclusions, namely the anthropogenic cause of climate change. Basically, the studies that the summary used to come to this conclusion laid out a series of effects that they expected to se form warming caused by humans, and then observed those effects. The number of studies that approached this topic from that perspective seems to be the persuasive factor in this study; that is, it is primarily the consensus among scientists rather than the actual data they have collected that suggests an anthropogenic cause of climate change. There have still been no observational studies -- or at least none are referenced in this article -- that can show a direct causal link between human aerosol and carbon emissions and global warming.

Climate Change a Review of Recent Developments

Climate Change A review of recent developments in climate change science. Initial Reaction. This is an eye-opener of an article. The facts presented in the journal Progress in Physical Geography show powerful evidence that the climate is changing faster than earlier believed. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) empirical reports are fascinating to me, and understanding this global threat is important for all citizens. For those who believe conservative talk radio (global warming is being exaggerated they say, and those promoting warnings about carbon releases are just anti-business) -- or otherwise and have doubts about how and why the climate is changing -- this is a good starting point to the real world for those folks. I am frankly amazed at the number of media personalities and even elected public officials that still think climate change is some kind of liberal conspiracy. It is patently absurd to ignore empirical science. Unfortunately, the….

Good, Peter, Ceasar, John, Bernie, Dan, Lowe, Jason A., van der Linden, Paul, Gosling, Simon

N., Warren, Rachel, Arnell, Nigel W., Smith, Stephen, Bamber, Jonathon, Payne, Tony,

Laxon, Seymour, Srokosz, Meric, Sitch, Stephen, Godney, Nic, Harris, Glen, Hewitt, Helene,

Jackson, Laura, Jones, Chris D., O'Connor, Fiona, Ridley, Jeff, Vellinga, Michael, Halloran,

Climate Change the United States Environmental Protection

Climate Change The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) warns that climate change is real. In the past one hundred years, the average temperature of the Earth has risen 1.4 F. Scientists read evidence in tree rings, ancient coral, and bubbles trapped in ice cores; they have concluded the Earth is warmer than it has been for at least a millennium (Pearce, 2006). More dramatic climate change is predicted for the next hundred years, when temperatures are expected to rise another 2 to 11.5 F. Even a rise in temperature of just a few degrees can mean large and potentially dangerous shifts in weather and climate ("Climate change basics," 2012). The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) defines climate change as "a study dealing with variations in climate on many different time scales from decades to millions of years, and the possible causes of such variations" ("Artic climatology and meteorology," n.d.).….

"Artic climatology and meteorology." (n.d.). National Snow and Ice Data Center. University of Colorado. Retrieved from  http://nsidc.org/arcticmet/glossary/climate_change.html 

Caldeira, K. (2012). The great climate experiment. Scientific American Sep2012, pp. 78-63.

"Climate change basics." (2012). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved from  

Climate Change -- the U S Federal Government

Climate Change -- the U.S. Federal Government hat federal agencies and cabinet departments are most responsible for responding to global climate change? This paper points to a number of government departments that President Barack Obama has enlisted to take steps to deal with the impact of climate change. Agencies Involved in U.S. Response to Climate Change The agency that has the most influence in the federal response to climate change is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA reports that the average temperature on the planet has risen by 1.4°F in the past 100 years, and the temperature is expected to rise another 2 to 11.5°F over the next century, which will have enormously negative impacts on the population in cities, in countries, on the environment, wildlife and wildlife habitat. The EPA believes that the empirical science that has been conducted over the past thirty years by the United Nations' "Intergovernmental Panel on….

Council on Environmental Quality. (2010). Climate Change Adaption Task Force. Retrieved May 10, 2013, from  http://www.whitehouse.gov .

Energy & Commerce Committee. (2013). Energy and Commerce Members Press EPA for Answers on Climate Change Agenda for Obama's Second Term. United States House of Representatives / Chairman Fred Upton. Retrieved May 10, 2013, from  http://energycommerce.house.gov .

Environmental Protection Agency. (2013). What is EPA Doing About Climate Change?

Retrieved May 10, 2013, from  http://www.epa.gov .

Climate Change and Global Warming

From watching the movie, it is apparent that as we live in the environment that we live in, it is easy to gather that Americans want a future that has economic prosperity and a safe climate that will be more abundant for future generations to come. This is because the American life consists of material prosperity, political democracy and environmental issues as what people believe then to be. However, since the structure of the United States government has to be reconstructed while global warming is being dealt with by political representatives, the planet's climate is being destroyed by pollutants. However, at the same time that I feel this movie is informative, I do not believe that global warming needs to be completely addressed in today's society. I feel that there are more pressing issues that need to be dealt with today. I also feel that this generation will be long before….

Climate Change Introduction and Claim Climate Change

Climate Change Introduction and Claim Climate change has occurred throughout the earth's history. Ice ages and other radical transformations to the earth's atmosphere have led to dramatic consequences of life on the planet. Ample scientific evidence shows that climate change is occurring rapidly now, and that much of it has been driven by human activities. Moreover, climate change can have serious consequences for life on earth. According to NASA, the recent climate change pattern has been causing a wide range of problems ranging from ocean acidification to extreme weather events. However, many people and especially those in the United States still believe that climate change is a hoax, an exaggerated claim, or a result of natural fluctuations in weather patterns. While natural fluctuations in climate and localized weather have occurred and still are occurring, there is virtually no disagreement among scientists, in a number of different fields of expertise, that the current climate….

Bibliography

Booker, Christopher. "The fiddling with temperature data is the biggest science scandal ever." The Telegraph. 7 Feb, 2015. Retrieved online:  http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/environment/globalwarming/11395516/The-fiddling-with-temperature-data-is-the-biggest-science-scandal-ever.html 

In this recent article, Booker claims that temperature readings have been falsified to give the impression that global warming exists. Likewise, Booker claims that the polar ice melting is not related to global warming. This source is therefore useful to offer support and warrants for the claim that global warming is a hoax.

"Climate Oscillations and the Global Warming Faux Pause." Real Climate. Retrieved online:  http://www.realclimate.org/ 

This article helps to debunk some of the common misperceptions about climate change. The author offers ample data showing why some climate change models have oscillated, and why climate change is taking place. This article shows how modeling is important and how the media needs to better understand how to interpret such models.

Climate Change Divorced From the Political Rhetoric

Climate change, divorced from the political rhetoric, is a concrete phenomenon affecting multiple systems. The economic and social ramifications of climate change are ancillary to its measurable physical effects. However, the measurable physical effects vary depending on geographic factors. Climate change has a direct effect on water at all levels of the hydrological cycle. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (2014), "we will continue to witness changes to the amount, timing, form, and intensity of precipitation and the flow of water in watersheds, as well as the quality of aquatic and marine environments," (p. 1). Because of the impact of climate change on water quality and availability, additional problems could arise with regards to protection of water resources and the prolonged need to treat water with chemicals. Because of health risks, social justice issues, the economy, and politics, water is one of the most important casualties of climate….

"The Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources," (n.d.). Retrieved online:  http://www.gracelinks.org/2380/the-impact-of-climate-change-on-water-resources 

"Linking Climate Change and Water Resources," (n.d.). Retrieved online:  http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/technical-papers/ccw/chapter3.pdf 

United States Environmental Protection Agency (2014). Climate change and water. Retrieved online:  http://water.epa.gov/scitech/climatechange/ 

The World Bank (2014). Water and climate change. Retrieved online:  http://water.worldbank.org/topics/water-resources-management/water-and-climate-change

Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture

Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture Weather and the related temperature, light and water determine to a large extent the human society's ability to feed themselves and the animals they care for. When the weather changes due to variations n climate or long-terms changes in climate there are very serious impacts on agricultural production and reduction of crop production and these force the farmers to take up new methods of agriculture so that they can cope up with the new situation. Food security of the world is thus directly affected by the existing climate. (Agriculture and climate change: FAO's role) The changes in climate directly affects climate due to both its effect on the agricultural processes and the impact of the changes of climate on agricultural production. One does not really know totally how all this takes place and how the agricultural processes can be altered so that the impact can be….

Agriculture and Global Environmental Change" Retrieved at  http://www.ciesin.org/TG/AG/AG-home.html . Accessed on 02/26/2004

Agriculture and climate change: FAO's role" Retrieved at  http://www.fao.org/NEWS/1997/971201-e.htm . Accessed on 02/26/2004

Agriculture" Climate Change 2001: Working Group II: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Retrieved at  http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg2/208.htm . Accessed on 02/26/2004

Agriculture Sector" Retrieved at  http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/Library/nationalassessment/15AG.pdf . Accessed on 02/26/2004

Climate change

Climate change and its impact Introduction Climate is a part of our everyday lives. The change in temperature, swift winds blowing by and rainfall are all because of climate. The United Nation Framework Convention on climate defines climate change as an alteration of the atmosphere because of direct or indirect human activity that jeopardizes the natural climate viability observed over a period. Climate change is tracked using various instruments measuring every aspect of the climate from temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind speed. The climate changes, this is a fact, but there are measure to be put to prevent adverse changes that affect human life in earth. The issue of climate change tends to divulge difference in opinion with there being two groups; climate skeptics and climate believers. Climate skeptics speak about climate as well as scientist would but believers speak about climate as scientists do since they always base their arguments on facts….

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Climate Change Introduction and Claim Climate change has occurred throughout the earth's history. Ice ages and other radical transformations to the earth's atmosphere have led to dramatic consequences of life on…

Climate change, divorced from the political rhetoric, is a concrete phenomenon affecting multiple systems. The economic and social ramifications of climate change are ancillary to its measurable physical effects.…

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Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture Weather and the related temperature, light and water determine to a large extent the human society's ability to feed themselves and the animals they care…

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Climate change and its impact Introduction Climate is a part of our everyday lives. The change in temperature, swift winds blowing by and rainfall are all because of climate. The United…

Argumentative Essay Writing

Argumentative Essay About Climate Change

Cathy A.

Make Your Case: A Guide to Writing an Argumentative Essay on Climate Change

Published on: Mar 2, 2023

Last updated on: Jan 31, 2024

Argumentative essay about climate change

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With the issue of climate change making headlines, it’s no surprise that this has become one of the most debated topics in recent years. 

But what does it really take to craft an effective argumentative essay about climate change? 

Writing an argumentative essay requires a student to thoroughly research and articulate their own opinion on a specific topic. 

To write such an essay, you will need to be well-informed regarding global warming. By doing so, your arguments may stand firm backed by both evidence and logic. 

In this blog, we will discuss some tips for crafting a factually reliable argumentative essay about climate change!

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What is an Argumentative Essay about Climate Change?

The main focus will be on trying to prove that global warming is caused by human activities. Your goal should be to convince your readers that human activity is causing climate change.

To achieve this, you will need to use a variety of research methods to collect data on the topic. You need to make an argument as to why climate change needs to be taken more seriously. 

Argumentative Essay Outline about Climate Change

An argumentative essay about climate change requires a student to take an opinionated stance on the subject. 

The outline of your paper should include the following sections: 

Argumentative Essay About Climate Change Introduction

The first step is to introduce the topic and provide an overview of the main points you will cover in the essay. 

This should include a brief description of what climate change is. Furthermore, it should include current research on how humans are contributing to global warming.

An example is:

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Thesis Statement For Climate Change Argumentative Essay

The thesis statement should be a clear and concise description of your opinion on the topic. It should be established early in the essay and reiterated throughout.

For example, an argumentative essay about climate change could have a thesis statement such as:

Climate Change Argumentative Essay Conclusion

The conclusion should restate your thesis statement and summarize the main points of the essay. 

It should also provide a call to action, encouraging readers to take steps toward addressing climate change. 

For example, 

How To Write An Argumentative Essay On Climate Change 

Writing an argumentative essay about climate change requires a student to take an opinionated stance on the subject. 

Following are the steps to follow for writing an argumentative essay about climate change

Do Your  Research

The first step is researching the topic and collecting evidence to back up your argument. 

You should look at scientific research, articles, and data on climate change as well as current policy solutions. 

Pick A Catchy Title

Once you have gathered your evidence, it is time to pick a title for your essay. It should be specific and concise. 

Outline Your Essay

After selecting a title, create an outline of the main points you will include in the essay. 

This should include an introduction, body paragraphs that provide evidence for your argument, and a conclusion. 

Compose Your Essay

Finally, begin writing your essay. Start with an introduction that provides a brief overview of the main points you will cover and includes your thesis statement. 

Then move on to the body paragraphs, providing evidence to back up your argument. 

Finally, conclude the essay by restating your thesis statement and summarizing the main points. 

Proofread and Revise

Once you have finished writing the essay, it is important to proofread and revise your work. 

Check for any spelling or grammatical errors, and make sure the argument is clear and logical. 

Finally, consider having someone else read over the essay for a fresh perspective. 

By following these steps, you can create an effective argumentative essay on climate change. Good luck! 

Examples Of Argumentative Essays About Climate Change 

Climate Change is real and happening right now. It is one of the most urgent environmental issues that we face today. 

Argumentative essays about this topic can help raise awareness that we need to protect our planet. 

Below you will find some examples of argumentative essays on climate change written by CollegeEssay.org’s expert essay writers.

Argumentative Essay About Climate Change And Global Warming

Persuasive Essay About Climate Change

Argumentative Essay About Climate Change In The Philippines

Argumentative Essay About Climate Change Caused By Humans

Geography Argumentative Essay About Climate Change

Check our extensive blog on argumentative essay examples to ace your next essay!

Good Argumentative Essay Topics About Climate Change 

Choosing a great topic is essential to help your readers understand and engage with the issue.

Here are some suggestions: 

  • Should governments fund projects that will reduce the effects of climate change? 
  • Is it too late to stop global warming and climate change? 
  • Are international treaties effective in reducing carbon dioxide emissions? 
  • What are the economic implications of climate change? 
  • Should renewable energy be mandated as a priority over traditional fossil fuels? 
  • How can individuals help reduce their carbon footprint and fight climate change? 
  • Are regulations on industry enough to reduce global warming and climate change? 
  • Could geoengineering be used to mitigate climate change? 
  • What are the social and political effects of global warming and climate change? 
  • Should companies be held accountable for their contribution to climate change? 

Check our comprehensive blog on argumentative essay topics to get more topic ideas!

We hope these topics and resources help you write a great argumentative essay about climate change. 

Now that you know how to write an argumentative essay about climate change, it’s time to put your skills to the test.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is a good introduction to climate change.

An introduction to a climate change essay can include a short description of why the topic is important and/or relevant. 

It can also provide an overview of what will be discussed in the body of the essay. 

The introduction should conclude with a clear, focused thesis statement that outlines the main argument in your essay. 

What is a good thesis statement for climate change?

A good thesis statement for a climate change essay should state the main point or argument you will make in your essay. 

You could argue that “The science behind climate change is irrefutable and must be addressed by governments, businesses, and individuals.”

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climate essay title

Climate Change Essay for Students and Children

500+ words climate change essay.

Climate change refers to the change in the environmental conditions of the earth. This happens due to many internal and external factors. The climatic change has become a global concern over the last few decades. Besides, these climatic changes affect life on the earth in various ways. These climatic changes are having various impacts on the ecosystem and ecology. Due to these changes, a number of species of plants and animals have gone extinct.

climate essay title

When Did it Start?

The climate started changing a long time ago due to human activities but we came to know about it in the last century. During the last century, we started noticing the climatic change and its effect on human life. We started researching on climate change and came to know that the earth temperature is rising due to a phenomenon called the greenhouse effect. The warming up of earth surface causes many ozone depletion, affect our agriculture , water supply, transportation, and several other problems.

Reason Of Climate Change

Although there are hundreds of reason for the climatic change we are only going to discuss the natural and manmade (human) reasons.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Natural Reasons

These include volcanic eruption , solar radiation, tectonic plate movement, orbital variations. Due to these activities, the geographical condition of an area become quite harmful for life to survive. Also, these activities raise the temperature of the earth to a great extent causing an imbalance in nature.

Human Reasons

Man due to his need and greed has done many activities that not only harm the environment but himself too. Many plant and animal species go extinct due to human activity. Human activities that harm the climate include deforestation, using fossil fuel , industrial waste , a different type of pollution and many more. All these things damage the climate and ecosystem very badly. And many species of animals and birds got extinct or on a verge of extinction due to hunting.

Effects Of Climatic Change

These climatic changes have a negative impact on the environment. The ocean level is rising, glaciers are melting, CO2 in the air is increasing, forest and wildlife are declining, and water life is also getting disturbed due to climatic changes. Apart from that, it is calculated that if this change keeps on going then many species of plants and animals will get extinct. And there will be a heavy loss to the environment.

What will be Future?

If we do not do anything and things continue to go on like right now then a day in future will come when humans will become extinct from the surface of the earth. But instead of neglecting these problems we start acting on then we can save the earth and our future.

climate essay title

Although humans mistake has caused great damage to the climate and ecosystem. But, it is not late to start again and try to undo what we have done until now to damage the environment. And if every human start contributing to the environment then we can be sure of our existence in the future.

{ “@context”: “https://schema.org”, “@type”: “FAQPage”, “mainEntity”: [ { “@type”: “Question”, “name”: “What is climate change and how it affects humans?”, “acceptedAnswer”: { “@type”: “Answer”, “text”: “Climate change is a phenomenon that happens because of human and natural reasons. And it is one of the most serious problems that not only affect the environment but also human beings. It affects human in several ways but in simple language, we can say that it causes many diseases and disasters that destroy life on earth.” } }, { “@type”: “Question”, “name”: “Can we stop these climatic changes?”, “acceptedAnswer”: { “@type”: “Answer”, “text”: “Yes, we can stop these climatic changes but for that, every one of us has to come forward and has to adapt ways that can reduce and control our bad habits that affect the environment. We have to the initiative and make everyone aware of the climatic changes.” } } ] }

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Responding to the Climate Threat: Essays on Humanity’s Greatest Challenge

Responding to the Climate Threat: Essays on Humanity’s Greatest Challenge

A new book co-authored by MIT Joint Program Founding Co-Director Emeritus Henry Jacoby

From the Back Cover

This book demonstrates how robust and evolving science can be relevant to public discourse about climate policy. Fighting climate change is the ultimate societal challenge, and the difficulty is not just in the wrenching adjustments required to cut greenhouse emissions and to respond to change already under way. A second and equally important difficulty is ensuring widespread public understanding of the natural and social science. This understanding is essential for an effective risk management strategy at a planetary scale. The scientific, economic, and policy aspects of climate change are already a challenge to communicate, without factoring in the distractions and deflections from organized programs of misinformation and denial. 

Here, four scholars, each with decades of research on the climate threat, take on the task of explaining our current understanding of the climate threat and what can be done about it, in lay language―importantly, without losing critical  aspects of the natural and social science. In a series of essays, published during the 2020 presidential election, the COVID pandemic, and through the fall of 2021, they explain the essential components of the challenge, countering the forces of distrust of the science and opposition to a vigorous national response.  

Each of the essays provides an opportunity to learn about a particular aspect of climate science and policy within the complex context of current events. The overall volume is more than the sum of its individual articles. Proceeding each essay is an explanation of the context in which it was written, followed by observation of what has happened since its first publication. In addition to its discussion of topical issues in modern climate science, the book also explores science communication to a broad audience. Its authors are not only scientists – they are also teachers, using current events to teach when people are listening. For preserving Earth’s planetary life support system, science and teaching are essential. Advancing both is an unending task.

About the Authors

Gary Yohe is the Huffington Foundation Professor of Economics and Environmental Studies, Emeritus, at Wesleyan University in Connecticut. He served as convening lead author for multiple chapters and the Synthesis Report for the IPCC from 1990 through 2014 and was vice-chair of the Third U.S. National Climate Assessment.

Henry Jacoby is the William F. Pounds Professor of Management, Emeritus, in the MIT Sloan School of Management and former co-director of the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, which is focused on the integration of the natural and social sciences and policy analysis in application to the threat of global climate change.

Richard Richels directed climate change research at the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). He served as lead author for multiple chapters of the IPCC in the areas of mitigation, impacts and adaptation from 1992 through 2014. He also served on the National Assessment Synthesis Team for the first U.S. National Climate Assessment.

Ben Santer is a climate scientist and John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Fellow. He contributed to all six IPCC reports. He was the lead author of Chapter 8 of the 1995 IPCC report which concluded that “the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate”. He is currently a Visiting Researcher at UCLA’s Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science & Engineering.

Access the Book

View the book on the publisher's website  here .

Order the book from Amazon  here . 

climate essay title

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Geography Notes

Essay on weather and climate: top 6 essays | climatology | geography.

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Here is a compilation of essays on ‘Weather and Climate’ for class 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on ‘Weather and Climate’ especially written for school students.

Essay on Weather and Climate

Essay Contents:

  • Essay on Variation in Climate and Weather

Essay # 1. Meaning of Weather and Climate:

Weather is the day-to-day state of atmosphere and pertains to short term changes in conditions of heat, moisture and air movement. Weather results from processes that attempt to equalise the differences in the distribution of net radiant energy from sun. In other words, the instantaneous state of atmosphere can be called as weather. It is usually expressed as fine, fair, foggy, cloudy, rainy, sunny or windy weather.

The process of exchange of heat and moisture between earth and atmosphere over a long period of time (month, season, and year) related to large areas (zone, state, country, continent) results in conditions what we call climate.

It is aggregate of atmospheric conditions involving heat, moisture and air movement. In other words, the totality of weather over a large area is known as climate. It is expressed as marine, continental, arid, semiarid, humid or desert climate.

ADVERTISEMENTS: (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Essay # 2. Elements of Weather and Climate :

Weather refers to the sum total of the atmos­pheric conditions in terms of temperature, pressure, wind, moisture, cloudiness, precipitation and visibility of a particular place at any given time. In fact, weather denotes short-term variations of atmospheric condi­tions and it is highly variable.

On the other hand, climate is defined as aggregate weather conditions of any region in long-term perspective. According to Trewartha ‘climate represents a composite of day to day weather conditions, and of the atmospheric ele­ments, within a specified area over a long period of time.’ According to Critchfield ‘climate is more than a statistical average; it is the aggregate of atmospheric conditions involving heat, moisture, and air move­ment. Extremes must always be considered in any climatic description in addition to means, trends, and probabilities.’

According to Koeppen and De Long ‘climate is a summary, a composite of weather condi­tions over a long period of time; truly portrayed, it includes details of variations-extremes, frequencies, sequences-of the weather elements which occur from year to year, particularly in temperature and precipita­tion. Climate is the aggregate of the weather.’

G.F. Taylor has maintained that ‘climate is the integration of weather, and weather is the differentiation of cli­mate. The distinction between weather and climate is, therefore, mainly one of time.’ Temperature, pressure, wind, humidity, precipitation, cloudiness etc. are ele­ments of weather and climate.

ADVERTISEMENTS: (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Essay # 3. Importance of Weather and Climate :

Weather and climate are the most pervasive factors of crop environment.

Knowledge of agrometeorology is useful in several aspects of practical agriculture as indicated below:

1. It has practical utility in timing of agricultural operations so as to make the best use of favourable weather conditions and make adjustments for adverse weather.

2. The dangers of crop production due to pest and disease incidence, occurrence of prolonged drought, soil erosion, frost and weather hazards can be minimised.

3. Weather support also provides guidelines for long range or seasonal planning of crops and cultivars most suited to anticipated climatic conditions.

4. Agrometeorological information can be used in land use planning, risk analysis of climatic hazards, production and harvest forecasts and linking similar crop environments for crop adaptability and productivity.

Weather Elements :

Weather is a phase of climate representing atmospheric condition at a given place and at a given instant of time as against climate, representing atmospheric condition for longer period of time over a larger area.

Components of weather and climate or simply weather elements include:

a. Temperature.

b. Solar radiation.

c. Humidity.

e. Pressure.

g. Precipitation.

The influence of weather and climate on crop growth and development and final yield is complicated by complexity of interactions associated with crops and the environment during the crop season.

The influence of weather and climate on crop productivity can be summarised as indicated below:

Weather parameters with favourable influence :

1. Weather and climate are the important factors to determining the success or failure of agriculture.

2. All the agricultural operations from sowing to harvest of crops depend on the mercy of weather.

3. Climate determines suitability of a crop to a particular region while weather plays a major role in the productivity of a crop in the region.

4. The excess or shortage of elements of weather and climate exerts a negative influence on crop growth, development and final yield.

5. The effect of weather and climate is complex as elements of climate operate simultaneously in nature.

6. Due to complexity of environment in which a crop is grown, it is difficult to assign an, optimum value of a climatic element for maximum crop productivity.

Weather parameters with negative influence :

1. Excessive and untimely rains.

2. Scanty rains with prolonged dry spells.

3. Heat and cold waves.

4. Dust-storms, thunderstorms and hailstorms.

5. High winds.

Weather variables having both positive and negative effects on crop productivity :

1. Solar radiation (UV, light and infrared).

2. Temperature (air and soil).

3. Humidity,

5. Precipitation.

Essay # 4. Difference between Weather and Climate:

The differences between weather and climate are:

1. Pertains to the day-to-day state of the atmosphere at a particular place.

2. Refers to specific instant of time and place.

3. It is always changing and differs from time to time.

1. Pertains to the atmosphere over a given region,

2. Refers to a large region and for a long period of time.

3. It is more or less stable and differs from region to region.

Essay # 5. Factors Controlling Weather and Climate :

Geographical factors influencing weather and climate are referred to as climatic controls .

a. Latitude.

b. Altitude.

c. Land and water bodies.

d. Mountains.

e. Topography.

The distance from the equator (latitude), either from south or north, largely creates variation in climate. Based on latitude, the climate has been classified as tropical, subtropical, temperate and polar climates. The height from mean sea level (altitude/elevation) adds to variation in climate.

Temperature and pressure decreases with increasing height from mean sea level. Based on altitude, the climate is described as mountainous and valley/plateau climates. Nearness to large bodies of water also causes variation in climate. The climates are referred to as continental and maritime.

Instruments for Measuring Weather Parameters :

Different instruments are used for measuring weather parameters in observatories and laboratories. Depending on the level of accuracy required and the cost, instruments are used for recording the weather data.

Irrespective of whether it is an observatory or a lab. Table 2.1 gives a list or of instruments and weather parameter measured:

Essay # 6. Variation in Climate and Weather :

Climatic parameters are determined, primarily, by geographic factors such as:

1. Latitude.

2. Altitude.

3. Distance from large water bodies.

4. Ocean currents.

5. Intensity of wind.

All the above climatic parameters influence the wind. Three geographic factors—altitude, latitude and longitude are important for crop production. These are embodied in Hopkin Bioclimatic Law. It states that crop production activities (planting to harvest) and specific morphological developments are delayed by 4 days for each 1° latitude, 5° longitude and 12 m (40 ft) of altitude as one move northward and upward, respectively.

Intensity, velocity and direction of wind vary with three geographic factors leading to variation in climate and weather.

Geographic surface features such as large bodies of water and mountain ranges modify the wind characteristics and hence the meteorological parameters. A mountain range in the path of prevailing wind creates moist conditions on the windward side and dry conditions on the leeward side. Air cools adiabatically to the dew point as it rises up the mountains.

The air that is forced upward by the mountain range loses its moisture and becomes a dry mass when it goes over the top. This is called the orographic effect (relief effect), which is different from the usual rainfall without mountains. Topography influences weather and microclimate through variation in temperature and wind.

Water is normally warmer than the surrounding land. When wind blows over a large body of water, it picks up moisture, thus creating a more moderate leeward condition. The leeward side of the body of water is subjected to less temperature fluctuations (relatively stable weather) compared to windward side. Windward side is suitable for drought tolerant crops and leeward side to relatively drought sensitive crops. North facing and south facing slopes may differ in climate and natural vegetation. These sites differ in crops that can be grown.

World climate is not static but is subjected to changes caused by factors such as systematic changes in solar activity, sea level, atmospheric carbon dioxide and continental drift. Continental drift gradually changes the latitudinal position of the land masses and the sea level. Volcanic explosions discharge large amounts of dust and gases into the atmosphere. This may cause a decline in temperature (reverse of greenhouse effect).

Accumulation of greenhouse gases is responsible for global warming (gradual increasing trend in global average temperature largely due to greenhouse effect). In spite of technological advances in modern crop production, crop production is still subject to the vagaries of the weather that are manifested in three main ways— moisture stress, temperature stress and natural disasters.

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Climate Forward

Biden makes the case on climate.

The president’s campaign is eager to tell the story of his first term’s accomplishments.

climate essay title

By Manuela Andreoni

President Biden and former President Trump are worlds apart on climate policy. But do voters know it?

Polls show that most Americans don’t know that Biden signed into law the biggest climate law in U.S. history. And many may not remember that Trump withdrew the U.S. from the Paris Agreement, the world’s most important climate treaty, and rolled back more than a hundred policies to protect the environment .

The consequences of November’s election will be momentous: The news service Carbon Brief estimated that a Trump victory could result in more than 4 billion tons of additional U.S. emissions by 2030 .

Tonight, Biden will have the chance to highlight those contrasts when he addresses Congress in the annual State of the Union speech. I asked my colleague Lisa Friedman, who covers climate policy and politics, for a preview.

Manuela: What will the speech say about Biden’s climate policies?

Lisa: The economy is doing well, but voters don’t seem to be giving the president credit for it. The influx of migrants across the United States southern border is a major political headache and left-wing Democrats are furious about Biden’s handling of Israel’s war in Gaza. But, when it comes to climate, administration officials believe he has had a historic first term, and they’re eager for the president to tell that story.

It’s not clear how much real estate climate change will get in Biden’s speech. Typically his climate messages are wrapped into his economic vision. Last year , for example, the president’s first mention of the phrase “climate change” was linked to a promise to cut energy costs for families by giving tax credits to weatherize homes and boost wind and solar development.

It’s fair to expect more of the same this year. Biden has shown himself more comfortable framing climate change as a promise of “ jobs, jobs jobs ” than as a planetary crisis that needs solving. It also dovetails with Democrats’ hopes that Biden will highlight the economic progress he has made, and promote his vision for a second term.

Democrats want Biden to remind Americans that the Inflation Reduction Act, the president’s signature climate law, has created more than 170,000 new jobs so far, and to talk about how wind, solar and other clean energy manufacturing is creating a manufacturing boom in places like the American Southeast. The White House is inviting a few special guests to the speech, including a plumber and a union leader, to help make that point.

Manuela: Are there parts of the climate agenda he is less likely to talk about, fearing the reaction from swing voters?

Lisa: Yes, the more divisive policies, like the regulations on automobile and power plant emissions the Environmental Protection Agency is expected to finalize later this spring.

It will be interesting to see if Biden will hint at what a second term may bring on climate. As our colleague Coral Davenport has reported, a second Biden administration is likely to try to cut greenhouse gases from steel, cement and other hard-to-clean-up manufacturing . But, as she wrote, “talking about more regulations at the start of what promises to be a bruising election cycle is perilous,” so odds are we won’t hear much on that front either.

Manuela: Young people were a powerful force for Biden in 2020. But you wrote a few months ago that they were angry over his support of big oil and gas projects like Willow, in Alaska. What can Biden do on that front?

Lisa: Analysts told me Biden still needs to shore up his support with these young voters. Earlier this month four prominent youth activist groups called for Biden to “ finish the job ” on a range of issues including climate, and demanded he reject any new oil and gas projects while ensuring the United States reaches 100 percent clean energy by 2035.

Another thing that would make waves with this group is if Biden indicates a willingness to declare climate change a national security emergency if he wins a second term.

That formal declaration would unlock certain temporary powers to bolster renewable energy and curb investments in fossil fuels, and it’s something young activists have made a major priority.

Manatees with frequent flier miles

Calliope, Soleil and Piccolina, three orphaned baby females, arrived one after the other at ZooTampa’s manatee hospital.

One was found swimming alone in shallow waters, her umbilical cord still attached. Two months later, another was rescued from a canal. Then came the smallest they’d ever gotten: Manatees typically should weigh about 65 pounds at birth, but this one was only 44 pounds.

It was 2021, a bad year for Florida manatees. Decades of sewage and fertilizer pollution had led to a mass die-off of seagrass, which the animals rely on for food. Wildlife officials tallied hundreds of emaciated corpses. Other threats continued, like collisions with boats and poisoning from red tide, a toxic algae.

Calliope, Soleil and Piccolina joined the scores of manatees each year who get personalized interventions akin to ambulance rides, intensive care units and long-term rehab. Some even fly on airplanes before they’re released back in the wild.

For the three manatees, that meant a round-trip flight to Ohio.

Read more here about their journey . — Catrin Einhorn

More climate news

Mexico City, one of the world’s most populated cities, is running out of water, CBS News reports .

Semafor explained why, after Big Oil’s waves of consolidations, big solar companies could be next.

Prisoners in Texas and Florida are increasingly exposed to deadly heat, The Guardian reports .

Thanks for being a subscriber.

Read past editions of the newsletter here .

If you’re enjoying what you’re reading, please consider recommending it to others. They can sign up here . Browse all of our subscriber-only newsletters here . And follow The New York Times on Instagram , Threads , Facebook and TikTok at @nytimes.

Reach us at [email protected] . We read every message, and reply to many!

Manuela Andreoni is a Times climate and environmental reporter and a writer for the Climate Forward newsletter. More about Manuela Andreoni

113 Renewable Energy Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best renewable energy topic ideas & essay examples, 👍 good essay topics on renewable energy, 💡 interesting topics to write about renewable energy, ❓ questions about renewable energy.

  • Solar Energy as an Alternative Source of Energy It is of essence to note that, with the depletion of fossil fuels, more emphasis is now being put on the use of solar energy as an alternate energy source.
  • The Use of Solar Energy Should be Adopted in All States in the U.S. The emphasis on renewable sources of energy has been enhanced by the fact that the limited world’s resources are increasingly being depleted; thus, the states have adopted the use of solar energy so as to […] We will write a custom essay specifically for you by our professional experts 808 writers online Learn More
  • Is Solar Energy Good for the State of New Jersey? The state of the New Jersey is second to California in terms of the use of solar energy. As people are waking up to the reality that the limited world’s resources are increasingly being depleted, […]
  • Adopting Renewable Energies Proponents of fossil fuels assert that while alternative energy sources purport to be the solution to the problems that fossil fuels have caused, alternative energy sources can simply not cater for the huge energy needs […]
  • New Techniques for Harnessing Solar Energy Due to the scarcity of fossil fuels and the expenses incurred in the mining of fossil fuels, it is important that we find a new source of energy to fulfill the energy needs of the […]
  • Evolution of Solar Energy in US The policy of solar energy in the US is established by the federal, public entities and the state that addresses energy issues of production, consumption like the standards on gas mileage.
  • Water Pollution and Wind Energy Chemical pollution of water is one of the leading causes of death of aquatic life. It is thus evident that chemical pollution of water not only has negative effects on health, but it also substantially […]
  • Wind Energy: The Use of Wind Turbines One of the most promising is wind energy, specifically the use of wind turbines to produce clean and renewable energy. The only problem is that it is more expensive to build large wind turbines.
  • Wind and Solar Energy as a Sources of Alternative Energy Fthenakis, Mason and Zweibel also examined the economical, geographical and technical viability of solar power to supplement the energy requirements of the U.S.and concluded that it was possible to substitute the current fossil fuel energy […]
  • Wind Energy as Forms of Sustainable Energy Sources T he only costs to be met in producing wind energy is the cost of equipment for harnessing wind, wind turbines for converting the energy and photovoltaic panels for storing energy.
  • Can a Switch to Renewable Energy Sources Help Combat Global Warming? This paper will argue that since fossil fuels have been the primary contributors to the global warming problem, a switch to renewable energy sources will help to mitigate global warming and possibly even reverse the […]
  • Solving the Climate Change Crisis Through Development of Renewable Energy Thus, the threats of the climate change can be overcome with references to resolving the economic crisis with the help of orientation to the new sources of renewable energy, which can be discussed as beneficial […]
  • The Benefits of Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy This research paper seeks to describe renewable and non renewable energy sources, their effects on the environment and economic benefits.”Fossils fuels are one of the most widely used sources of energy”.
  • Renewable Energy Co: Engineering Economics and TOP Perspectives of Renewable Energy in Canada The beginning of the twenty-first century reflects the concerns of people about the sources of energy, lack of power supply, and importance of reconsidering values and sources of energy that have been established in the […]
  • Wind Energy, Its Advantages and Disadvantages Reliable sources of energy need to be renewable; they include wind energy, solar energy and hydro-energy; wind energy is a dependable source of energy although it remains the least used among the available renewable sources […]
  • Renewable Energy Sources Summary Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy and geothermal energy are the main renewable sources of energy. In an analysis of 2005 energy sources, it is evident that nuclear energy was the dominant energy source followed […]
  • Making Solar Energy More Affordable The use of solar energy can be critical for environmental and economic sustainability of many communities that can be located in different regions of the world.
  • Advantages and Disadvantages of Wind Energy Another advantage is the fact that most of the turbines that are used in the generation of wind power are located in ranches, and on farms.
  • Renewable Energy Sources Thus, the establishment that the use of fossil fuels adversely affects the environment is important in explaining the shift to the use of renewable energy sources.
  • Climate Change and Renewable Energy Options The existence of various classes of world economies in the rural setting and the rise of the middle class economies has put more pressure on environmental services that are highly demanded and the use of […]
  • Solar Energy in the United Arab Emirates The success of the solar power initiatives in the UAE is largely attributed to the wide range of financial incentives that the UAE government has offered to the companies that are prepared to advance the […]
  • Wind Energy for Environmental Sustainability Production of this energy is important to the survival and enhancement of lives of people in a society. It refers to the role of that business or a corporate towards the society.
  • Abu Dhabi Wind Energy The report covers energy crisis in Abu Dhabi, wind energy as a potential source of renewable energy for Abu Dhabi, and recommendations.
  • Solar Energy Business Model Based in Melbourne Competitiveness The concentration of solar energy consultancy industry Industry concentration is a term used to define the measure of the number of organizations as well as the size of the organizations, which are considered predominant […]
  • Science and the Use of Non-Renewable Energy Resources It is scientific knowledge that the use of fossil fuels such as oil leads to the pollution of the environment. This is the reason why science can be used to explain the lethal effects of […]
  • Solar Energy in the UAE It is important to note that the nature of the solar field is modular, and that it has a number of parallel solar collector rows.
  • Renewable Energy Sources: Existence, Impacts and Trends It is important to note that about 20% of the world energy sources come from renewable sources. The management and maintenance of renewable energy production may be in the short run or long run.
  • Carbon Footprint and Renewable Energy The consumption of fossil fuels by the energy infrastructure is one of the greatest sources of greenhouse gases which are responsible for recent global warming and climate change concern. This is the increase in the […]
  • Wind-Based Energy Market The energy department in the U.S.has been able to discover and point a number of challenges and problems in the development of wind energy.
  • Usage of Renewable Energy in Saudi Arabia Energy system stability for the year 2010 In the Table, the Potential for adopting CSP in the Kingdom for the year 2010 rated 124,560 TWh and has a capacity credit of 90%.
  • Renewable Energy: Wind Generating Plant for the Local Community The financial department will deal with all the financial aspects of the project, while marketing department will handle the marketing of the energy source in the society.
  • Renewable Energy: Geothermal Energy Of all these forms of renewables, geothermal energy is perceived as one of the renowned forms of renewable energy which is generated from the crust of the earth.
  • Economics of Renewable Energy This form of renewable energy has proven to be the best in the industrial sector. This means that the society has to look beyond the use of non renewable energy.
  • Is Renewable Energy a Viable Option? One of the most critical questions that majorities ask and the main hurdle to renewable energy is whether renewable energy can ever efficiently become a viable energy option relative to the traditional, ready available sources […]
  • Solar Energy Houses’ Benefits In the same breadth, another advantage of the solar energy houses is that they reduce the emission of carbon dioxide through other processes.
  • Renewable Energy Policies in Thailand Craddock defines renewable energy policies as “Regulations or incentives that are created to encourage the use of renewable energy, and the main purpose of these policies is to increase the production of renewable energy”.
  • Solar Energy Installation Project Management 0 Pilot solar energy project Managers will run a pilot project to determine the feasibility of the project. A number of resources will be required to complete the project.
  • Producing and Transmitting Renewable Energy Complexity in producing and transmitting renewable energy is multifaceted and may be related to many factors, which hinder production and transmission of renewable energy to users.
  • Economic Factors of Renewable Energy Development There has been a consistent increase in the price of a barrel of oil in the world market over the last fifty years.
  • Social Background of Renewable Energy Development According to Craddock, although some people believe that the development of renewable sources of energy is driven by the economic needs, the social force also plays an important role in increasing popularity of this form […]
  • Technological Factors of Renewable Energy Development There are three reasons behind this: Renewable energy resources from a commercial energy standpoint are as of yet an unproven method of reliable energy production The means by which renewable energy is produced requires a […]
  • Environment and Renewable Energy A greater focus on renewable energy development is necessary in this day and age due to the various problems brought about by the use of fossil fueled power plants, which have caused not only an […]
  • Legal and Political Factors of Renewable Energy Development To overcome these barriers the government has put in place various regulations and policies to facilitate the development of renewable energy.
  • The Cost Efficiency of Renewable Energy The mentioned benefits as well as other objectives are the reasons why departments of energy around the globe highlight on the generation of electricity from the renewable sources.
  • Solar & Wind Sources: Hybrid Energy System Of the Australian capital cities, Darwin, Australia is the smallest and is located in the north-most part of the country. The following is the analysis of the factors to be considered.
  • Environmental Issues for Managers: UK’s Current Strategy on Renewable Energy & Technologies The renewable energy strategy of the UK entails escalating the utilization of micro-generation and lessening energy wastage. Barriers to Adoption of Renewable Energy and Technologies The main barriers to adoption of renewable technology in the […]
  • Wind Power as an Alternative Energy Source Wind energy is a renewable source of energy that is an alternative to fossil fuel use, which is necessary for the conservation of the environment.
  • Investment in Renewable Energy Sources Thus, it is possible to say that climate crisis can prove to be a catastrophe that can profoundly influence people living in various regions of the world; more importantly, the existing policies are not sufficient […]
  • How Solar Energy Can Save the Environment? Over the past few decades, the level of greenhouse gasses in the environment has been on the rise. The only cost in the production of solar energy is making the solar panels.
  • Solar Energy Panels in UAE This report will examine the future of solar energy and the incentive schemes that can be put in place to develop the United Arab Emirates solar energy industry.
  • Solar Energy: Definition and Ways of Usage Observers believe that the energy from the sun has the potential to satisfy the world’s energy requirements. Energy from the solar is free, and we can never deplete solar energy.
  • Google’s Driverless Cars and Renewable Energy Some of the firms are testing the technology with the application of low-powered green energy. The violations of the road regulations are not the only issue with the driverless car technology.
  • Innergex Renewable Energy Inc. at Canada’s Market The company’s mission is to expand the renewable energy production through the development and operation of their high-quality facilities, considering the need to preserve the environment and the necessity to balance the interests of the […]
  • Wind Energy Feasibility in Russia In Russia, feasibility studies have been conducted to establish the viability of wind turbine projects. In conjunction with the problem statement above, the following aims have been formulated: To use the available and relevant data […]
  • Biofuel: Renewable Energy Type The purpose of this essay is to discuss this statement and evaluate its accuracy in accordance to the latest studies, as well as the pros and cons of biofuel in general.
  • Solar Energy Industry in the UAE The UAE International Investors Council insists that the sustainable use of the available financial resources, particularly, FDI, should be viewed as the foundation for enhancing the development of the state industries, especially as far as […]
  • Renewable Energy in Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the UAE Adoption of solar power technologies would be extremely beneficial to Gulf countries, and it will help to address most of the issues related to resource shortages.
  • Solar Energy Power Plant & Utility Supply Contract The first assumption from the case above is that the advisement by SEPP to the US not to provide EEC certificates was made orally and was came after the contract had been signed.
  • Renewable Energy and Politics Relationships The global regimes concerned with energy use and distribution call on states to stick to commerce when dealing with energy matters instead of mixing it with politics, but it seems the pleas are ignored given […]
  • Bismuth Vanadate Photocatalyst for Solar Energy 20 In the scheelite BiVO4, it is possible to find out a hybridized band structure with Bi 6s and O 2p orbitals.
  • Solar Energy and Its Impact on Society He believed that the wheel was the extension of our feet, the hammer was an extension of our hands, and technology is the extension of our mind and mentality.
  • Conceptual Chemistry. Wind Turbine vs. Coal Energy The current paper is aimed at considering and comparing traditional coal energy and the newly popular wind turbine energy in the context of their costs and environmental benefits.
  • Solar Energy: Commercial and Industrial Power Source This is made further possible by the inspirational circulars related to the application of more solar energy in the state. This is one of the major participations that came in to the notice.
  • Canadian Renewable Energy Industry The profile of the renewable energy resource industry in Canada is likely to witness a big boost in the coming years.
  • Solar Energy Project: Stakeholder and Governance Analysis The stakeholders on this issue are the central governments of the three countries, the local government bodies the industrial and business groups and the civil society groups interested on the issue.
  • The Solar Energy and Photovoltaic Effect The key difference factor of the solar cells is the material and technology that is used. Photon behavior in a solar cell is defined by the materials used and the construction of the cell itself.
  • Renewable Energy Resources in Qatar The topicality of the problem is evidenced by current trends favoring the use of renewable energy resources and the necessity to avoid further deterioration of the situation in this sphere.
  • Renewable Energy Ethical Question Despite the fact that the power of wind, sun, and water can be transformed into energy the great majority of people argue the importance of the renewable energy system implementation proving that the disadvantages should […]
  • Solar Energy Selling Framework The list of actions to complete the required activity goes in the following sequence: planning actions, sales pitch itself, and reflection. The actions, aimed at doing are the four stages of a sales pitch, that […]
  • Renewable Energy Technologies As for the construction decision and the way of harnessing the wave power, a variety of solutions has been proposed. Cheap and reliable desalinization technology such as one described in the Economist article could be […]
  • Renewable Energy and Transport Fuel Use Patterns The base data is as follows: Table 1 The first segment of this analysis tests for differences between consumption of natural gas and ethanol.
  • Wind Energy for the Citizens of Shikalabuna, Sri Lanka The citizens of Shikalabuna are shot of the possibility to implement the required wind turbines and get a chance to pay less using the natural source available.
  • Solar and Wind Energy in the Empty Quarter Desert However, the main bulk of the report focuses on the proposal to build a stand alone renewable energy source, a combination of a solar power wind turbine system that will provide a stable energy source […]
  • Solar Energy: Review and Analysis Available literature shows that most commercial CSP plants in Spain and the United States using synthetic oil as the transfer fluid and molten salt as the thermal energy storage technology are able to achieve a […]
  • The Sun’s Light and Heat: Solar Energy Issue The figure below provides an overview of the major parts of the solar system, which include the solar core, the radiative zone, the convective zone, the photosphere, the chromosphere, and the corona among others.
  • Electrical Engineering Building Uses Wind Energy The purpose of this fact-finding mission was to determine an appropriate type and rating of the wind turbine based on three factors: the average wind data at UNSW; the peak power demand for the EE […]
  • Government Subsidies for Solar Energy This approach has enabled solar companies and developers to penetrate the energy market despite the high costs involved in developing solar power.
  • Using Solar (PV) Energy to Generate Hydrogen Gas for Fuel Cells With the current technologies, an electrolyzer working at 100% efficiency needs 39 kWh of electricity to liberate 1 kg of hydrogen.
  • Making Solar Energy Affordable Solar energy is a type of energy that is obtained through tapping the sun’s rays radiant and converting it into other energy forms such as heat and electricity.
  • Renewable Energy: Comparison Between Biogas and Solar Energies Again, the research finds that the cost of installation is higher compared to solar energy sources. However, the paper is going to compare solar and biogas energy sources.
  • Non-Renewable Energy and Gross Domestic Product of China The use of non-renewable energy in China has the negative impact on the GDP, as indicated by the negative values of DOLS and CCR coefficients. The generation of renewable energy has a negligible negative impact […]
  • Efficient Solar Refrigeration: A Technology Platform for Clean Energy and Water Refrigeration cycle capable to be driven by low grade energy, substituting gas-phase ejector used in conventional mechanical compressor.
  • Technology and Wind Energy Efforts by the elite members of the society enlightened the global countries about the benefits of renewable energy sources in conserving the environment prompting the need to consider wind energy.
  • “The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act”: Developing Renewable Energy The focus of this bill on the technological aspect of environmental protection is seen in the allocation of funds on loan guarantees, grants for researchers, and the manufacturing of advanced systems.
  • Renewable Energy: An International Profile To illustrate the severity of some of the outlined consequences and challenges presented to the national environment, the following graph is presented, illustrating the growth rate of the US fracking industry.
  • Barriers to Deploying Renewable Energy in Hotels The main benefit of renewable energy is environmental protection, improving the environmental and social performance of the industry, and reducing utility costs.
  • The Role of Renewable Energy in Addressing Electricity Demand in Zambia In this regard, ZESCO Limited, the Zambian power utility company, has an obligation to generate and supply the electricity in the country.
  • Climate Change: Renewable Energy Sources Climate change is the biggest threat to humanity, and deforestation and “oil dependency” only exacerbate the situation and rapidly kill people. Therefore it is important to invest in the development of renewable energy sources.
  • What Energy Is Renewable?
  • What Is the Cleanest Renewable Energy Source?
  • How Does Renewable Energy Work?
  • What Are the Types of Renewable Resources?
  • Is Renewable Energy Healthy?
  • What Are the Benefits of Renewable Energy?
  • What Are the Cons of Renewable Energy?
  • What Is the Most Powerful Renewable Energy?
  • What Affects the Development of Renewable Energy Power Generation Projects in China?
  • Can the World Be Powered Fully by Renewable Energy?
  • How Safe Is Renewable Energy?
  • Why Is Renewable Energy Not Popular?
  • What Are the Most Renewable Energy Sources?
  • How Renewable Energy Can Change the World?
  • What Drives Renewable Energy Development?
  • What Role Can Renewable Energy Play for North Africa and the Middle East?
  • How Does Renewable Energy Impact Carbon Emissions?
  • What Will the Situation for Renewable Energy in Europe Be in 2030?
  • What Is the Main Problem With Renewable Energy?
  • How Efficient Is Renewable Energy?
  • Can Renewable Energy Be Overused?
  • Why 100% Renewable Is Not Possible?
  • Which Country Has Highest Renewable Energy?
  • What Are the Effects of Renewable Energy?
  • What Is the Safest Energy Source?
  • Chicago (A-D)
  • Chicago (N-B)

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Climate Envoy John Kerry is giving up the job title — but not the fight

Kai McNamee

William Troop

Ari Shapiro

Ari Shapiro

Outgoing climate envoy John Kerry talks about leaving the job, how another Donald Trump presidency could impact the fight against climate change, and how he remains hopeful.

ARI SHAPIRO, HOST:

John Kerry has been a U.S. senator, a presidential candidate and a secretary of state, all after receiving three Purple Hearts for his military service in Vietnam. Now, at the age of 80, he is stepping down from what's likely his last full-time job in government - the president's special envoy for climate. Biden created the position for his old friend right after taking office three years ago. And since then, Kerry has been all over the world trying to rally governments and corporations to curb the worst impacts of climate change. Secretary Kerry, thanks for joining us for an exit interview.

JOHN KERRY: I'm delighted to be with you, Ari. Thank you.

SHAPIRO: I know you have piles of figures and data at your fingertips to demonstrate the progress of the last few years, but could you begin by just choosing one number, a specific, narrow figure that you think represents some of the broader accomplishments of your time as a climate envoy?

KERRY: I think the one number is the 1.5 degrees Celsius, which has now become the North Star of the world of trying to deal with the climate crisis. The fact is that when we left Paris in 2015, having passed the Paris Agreement, the language for the aspirational goal was well below 2 degrees and try to do 1.5. But in 2018, the IPCC, the U.N. scientific panel, told us point-blank, we have 12 years within which to make and implement the critical decisions to avoid the worst consequences of the climate crisis. And in order to do that, you have to try to get as close as you can - 1.5 or as close as you can.

SHAPIRO: And yet, right now, the world is on track to warm the planet by twice that many degrees by the end of the century. And last year, like many recently, was the hottest in recorded history. Global emissions keep going up. It would seem that although you have worked so hard to keep the potential for 1.5 within reach, the reality is far from that.

KERRY: Well, it's not far from that, but it's not that. I mean, point-blank, we are heading towards about 2.5 degrees right now. But given what we achieved in Glasgow and Sharm el-Sheikh and now most recently the UAE consensus, we now know to a certainty that if we implemented all of the initiatives and all of the targets that were set by those various meetings, we could actually hold the Earth's temperature increase to about 1.7 degrees. When I took this job on, we were headed towards 4 degrees.

SHAPIRO: Yeah.

KERRY: And now, if we're heading towards 2.5, and we know that if we implement everything that we have promised to do - for instance, methane. We never talked about methane in Paris. And methane became part of the conversation when President Biden, joined with Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, and together they announced in Glasgow that we're all going to be working towards dealing with methane. Methane is responsible for half the warming of the planet.

KERRY: It's 80 to 100 times more destructive than CO2. So we've plugged a huge hole here.

SHAPIRO: I want to follow up on something you said, which is that...

KERRY: Sure.

SHAPIRO: ...Things look really good...

SHAPIRO: ...If we keep the promises we've made, if countries stick to their pledges. Dubai was, by you and your team, considered a great success because for the first time, the world agreed that we need to move away from fossil fuels. But at the same time, China is building more coal-fired power plants, and the U.S. emissions are not falling fast enough to meet American climate goals. And so what leads you to believe that these promises will be kept?

KERRY: I mean, yes, China has about 360 gigawatts of coal-fired power that is slated to come online or be built. And that would be catastrophic if that's what happens. But China is, I think, to some degree, hedging against the reality of what their economy needs as a backstop. But they're building, they're constructing and deploying more renewables than all of the rest of the world put together.

SHAPIRO: You think the coal plants are a just in case - break glass in case of emergency - that might never be used?

KERRY: That's what they say to us. And that's what begins to be a possibility as you look at the massive amount of renewable that's being deployed. China is looking at something like 2,500 to 3,500 gigawatts of power that's going to be created over the course of the next six years. Now, that's game changing if that happens.

SHAPIRO: I want to ask you about corporations because you've often talked about the role that private industry plays in the transition away from carbon. And just this week, the CEO of ExxonMobil, Darren Woods, told Fortune magazine that the world is not on track to reach net-zero emissions by 2050. And he blamed the public for that, saying, quote, "the people who are generating those emissions need to be aware of and pay the price for generating those emissions."

Secretary Kerry, when you hear those words coming from the head of the largest publicly traded oil company blaming the public for a lack of climate progress, how do you conclude that corporate America is marching alongside you?

KERRY: Well, I haven't suggested that everybody is. I've said to you that there are many corporations that are that are doing unbelievable things right now.

SHAPIRO: But ExxonMobil is a pretty big one.

KERRY: ExxonMobil is an oil and gas producer that has not yet joined in some of the larger initiatives that we need in order to achieve our goal. ExxonMobil did step up in Dubai. But we need them to do more. Yes, we do. And that's one of the reasons why I'm transitioning out of this particular job, because I think that now the private sector is going to be the key to our ability to be able to win this battle.

SHAPIRO: So you're giving up the job title, but you're not giving up the fight.

KERRY: Correct. I'm going to be directly involved in trying to help deploy the financing, which will accelerate this transition. All the finance reports say if you want to achieve net zero 2050, then it's going to cost about 2.5- to 4.5-, $5 trillion a year for the next 30 years. No government in the world has that money to put on the table, but the private sector does.

SHAPIRO: Let me just ask, can the push to achieve net zero by 2050 survive a second term of Donald Trump as president if he wins the election in November?

KERRY: Well, let me answer that this way. When Donald Trump was president, even though he pulled out of Paris, more than a thousand mayors in the United States kept on track to meet the Paris Agreement requirements. More than - 37 governors out of our 50 states, Republican and Democrat alike, continued to adhere to the renewable portfolio laws of each of their states. So even while Donald Trump was pulled out of the agreement, the fact is, the American people stayed in the Paris Agreement. And through those mayors and those governors and those states, we actually saw 75% of the new electricity in America during Donald Trump came from renewables.

SHAPIRO: And yet, I'm sure you believe that who is in the White House matters for the...

KERRY: Of course it matters.

SHAPIRO: ...Course of American...

KERRY: No, no, no, no.

SHAPIRO: ...Climate policy.

KERRY: Absolutely, it matters. Because you can screw up the EPA. You can put the wrong person in an interior or agriculture. So yes, it does matter who's president. But they can't stop. No one prime minister, one king, one president anywhere in the world is able to stop what the marketplace of the world is now moving towards.

SHAPIRO: You have been involved in climate and environmental efforts for more than 50 years, since at least 1970. And so what do you do when you have a day of despair or hopelessness?

KERRY: I kick myself in the a** and get rid of the hopelessness and go back to work. We can win this fight. And if we don't do what we need to do between now and 2030 - the next six years - there is no net zero 2050. And I refuse to believe that that's what we're left having to accept.

SHAPIRO: John Kerry, the first U.S. special envoy for climate. Thank you so much for speaking with us again.

KERRY: Thank you. Great to be with you.

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The Case for Prosecuting Fossil Fuel Companies for Homicide

They knew what would happen. they kept selling fossil fuels and misleading the public anyway..

A smokestack churns out smoke and vapor with a city in the distance against an orange sky

“Climate change is not a tragedy, it’s a crime.” This refrain, increasingly common among climate activists, encapsulates rising moral outrage at major fossil fuel companies like ExxonMobil, Chevron, Shell, and BP as more information has come to light about their knowledge and conduct regarding global warming. The essential fact pattern is this: Fossil fuel companies have long understood—with shocking accuracy —that their fossil fuel products would cause, in their own words, “ globally catastrophic ” climate change. Instead of shifting their business model or at least alerting the public to this threat, the companies concealed what they knew and executed a multimillion-dollar disinformation campaign to spread doubt about climate science. They did this while privately acting on the predictions of climate science to protect their own business operations, for example by raising the height of offshore platforms in anticipation of sea-level rise. Internal documents show that their goal in deceiving the public was to delay or block policy or market responses that would curb their lethal but highly profitable conduct. They achieved this goal spectacularly, making trillions of dollars from their deception while most of humanity pays an increasingly devastating price.

A growing movement wants to hold fossil fuel companies accountable for this deception. The reality that polluters knew about climate change, lied about it, and should face meaningful consequences is an effective political narrative, and climate liability litigation is an increasingly promising strategy. More than 40 states, municipalities, and tribal nations are currently suing fossil fuel companies to make them pay for the damage they’ve caused. After years of frustration, climate litigants are now making meaningful procedural progress and have even notched a first win .

In addition to civil harms, however, fossil fuel companies may have committed numerous criminal acts, including fraud, deceptive advertising, reckless endangerment, criminal mischief, conspiracy, racketeering, and more. Indeed, many of the civil claims pending against fossil fuel companies have criminal analogues. Prosecutors could allege essentially the same conduct that civil plaintiffs are suing over.

The crime that best captures the nature, scale, and gravity of their misconduct in most jurisdictions might be homicide . In criminal law, homicide means causing a death with a culpable mental state. If someone substantially contributes to or accelerates a death, that counts as “causing” it. If they did so intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly, that counts as “culpable mental state.” So the basic questions in a climate homicide trial are as follows: Did fossil fuel companies substantially contribute to or accelerate deaths, and did they do so at least recklessly, if not knowingly or intentionally? These questions would be presented to a jury. If you think the jury should say “yes,” you’re not alone.

The reason for pursuing criminal accountability is simple: The climate crisis is an all-hands-on-deck moment if there ever was one, and we need to use every available strategy to curtail greenhouse gas pollution. In today’s thinking, tort law—the law of civil wrongs—seeks economically efficient outcomes: The question is about whether one party should give another some money. Criminal law, by contrast, is concerned with society’s fundamental values—with morality. It answers whether conduct is permissible or forbidden. Where tort law prices misconduct, criminal law prohibits it.

Courts have rejected some tort cases against fossil fuel companies by reasoning that climate change is a problem for the federal political branches, meaning Congress and the executive branch, not the courts or state law. While this argument is specious—these cases are not seeking to make climate policy but rather to require the actors responsible for climate change to pay for the harms they caused, which is the exact role that civil lawsuits are supposed to play—it is even harder to apply it to criminal law. State criminal law is entitled to stop conduct that is killing people. There is no case in which a court has rejected a criminal prosecution under generally applicable law—say, a homicide statute—on the grounds that it is preempted by federal law or is a question for the political branches rather than courts.

Prosecutors also have tools and powers that civil litigants lack, including, in some cases, simply more leverage. In response to criminal prosecution by the Department of Justice over its role in the opioid crisis, Purdue Pharma accepted a proposed settlement to restructure the company as a public benefit corporation that will function “entirely in the public interest,” delivering safe, legitimate prescription drugs, offering free or steeply discounted addiction-treatment and overdose-rescue medications, and donating proceeds to opioid abatement programs. A similar deal with fossil fuel companies could rewrite their corporate charters and require them to focus on hastening the clean energy transition, subsidizing adaptation and resilience measures, and redressing harms from their past misconduct.

To be clear, civil litigation is a critically important tool, and civil cases are showing promise. The point is that criminal law, long overlooked, also has contributions to make.

At a time when the criminal justice system faces a legitimacy crisis, the prosecution of powerful actors who are causing some of society’s worst harm could also help rehabilitate its reputation and restore faith in the principle of equal justice under law. It is perverse and unjust to condemn the politically powerless to spend years in prison for smaller-scale criminal conduct while powerful corporations evade prosecution for massively larger harms.

Prosecutors are well aware of the problem. As the public has become more conscious of racial imbalances in the criminal justice system, district attorneys’ offices across the United States are dealing with low morale and struggling to recruit and retain lawyers. As one prosecutor said last year, “We were so used to wearing the white hat. We were the good guys. Then all of a sudden, things are shifting.” A district attorney facing high vacancy rates and a dearth of applicants summed up the situation: “We have to overcome the perception that the DA’s office is part of the problem and convince people that we are actually part of the solution.”

In the climate crisis, prosecutors have a chance to be an essential, leading part of the solution and to fulfill their professional mission: standing up to actors that are causing immense harm to their communities, and protecting the public from the greatest danger of our time.

The climate crisis, and the crimes committed in perpetuating it, constitutes an existential threat to our society. Individual prosecutors may conclude that attempting to hold fossil fuel companies accountable doesn’t make sense in their jurisdictions—that the facts don’t fit, the courts aren’t ready, or resource constraints are prohibitive. But the barriers to prosecuting fossil fuel companies for climate harms are not primarily legal. The main problem is the industry’s extraordinary power—political, economic, and even cultural power—and the truth is, powerful actors can be brought to justice. It won’t be an easy fight. But at the least, prosecutors owe it to their communities and their profession to explore the possibility of pursuing the climate justice we deserve.

Aaron Regunberg is a progressive organizer and senior climate policy counsel at Public Citizen.

David Arkush is the director of Public Citizen’s Climate Program, a fellow at the Roosevelt Institute, and co-author of the forthcoming Harvard Environmental Law Review article “Climate Homicide: Prosecuting Big Oil for Climate Deaths.”

Dan Patrick gesticulates while standing at a lectern.

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Interior Department Issues Statement on the President’s Fiscal Year 2025 Proposed Budget

Proposed investments will address climate challenges, strengthen Indigenous communities, create good-paying American jobs while meeting energy and environmental needs  

Date: Monday, March 11, 2024 Contact: [email protected]

WASHINGTON  — The Biden-Harris administration today released the President’s Budget for Fiscal Year 2025. Following historic progress made since the President took office—with nearly 15 million jobs created and inflation down two-thirds—the Budget protects and builds on this progress by lowering costs for working families, protecting and strengthening Social Security and Medicare, investing in America and the American people, and reducing the deficit by cracking down on fraud, cutting wasteful spending, and making the wealthy and corporations pay their fair share. 

“President Biden’s proposed budget builds on the momentum the Administration has achieved through historic investments to advance commitments to Tribal Nations, enhance climate resilience, spur a clean energy future and secure our conservation and environmental justice goals,” said Secretary Deb Haaland . “The 2025 Budget continues to reflect the importance of science, diversity and inclusion, and collaboration between federal, state, Tribal and local partners in carrying out all of the Interior Department’s important missions.” 

The Budget, totaling $18 billion in current authority for the Department of the Interior, makes critical, targeted investments in the American people that will promote greater prosperity for decades to come.  

At the Interior Department, the Budget:  

Supports Wildland Firefighters and Addresses Challenges Exacerbated by Climate Change:  The FY 2025 Budget recognizes the Department’s important role in ensuring communities are prepared for and able to cope with major climate stressors, including wildfire and drought. The Fifth National Climate Assessment found much of the country is experiencing more intense and frequent wildfire due to climate-fueled warming and drought. This has consequences for the nation now and in the future. The Budget directly responds to immediate climate-fueled wildfire and drought risks, while laying the foundation to build America’s long-term resilience, promote economic growth, and create good paying jobs. 

  • Wildland Fire Management : Climate change is driving the devastating intersection of extreme heat, drought, and wildland fire danger across the United States, creating wildfires that move with a frequency and intensity previously unseen. This has created conditions in which wildfires overwhelm response capabilities, resulting in billions of dollars in economic losses, damage to natural resources, devastation to communities, and the tragic loss of human life. In total, the Budget requests $1.6 billion for the Department’s wildland fire management programs, which includes funding for building a more robust and resilient wildland firefighting workforce and enhancing critical hazard mitigation and response activities.  
  • Drought and Ongoing Water Challenges : Severe drought conditions in the West necessitate significant investment in water programs. The Budget requests $1.6 billion for the Bureau of Reclamation, which helps ensure communities across the West have access to a resilient and reliable water supply by investing in rural water projects, water conservation, development of desalination technologies, and water recycling and reuse projects. The Budget complements the nearly $1.7 billion provided in 2025 for western water infrastructure through the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, as well as the nearly $4.6 billion provided by the Inflation Reduction Act for drought mitigation and domestic water supply projects.  

Strengthens Tribal Nations and Helps Meet our Trust and Treaty Obligations: Honoring the nation’s government-to-government relationships with Tribes and upholding trust and treaty responsibilities are paramount to the Department’s mission. Through initiatives addressing complex and difficult challenges, such as the legacy of the federal Indian boarding schools, meeting the need for native language revitalization, and coordinating federal efforts to address the crisis of Missing and Murdered Indigenous Peoples, this Administration’s commitment to respect the sovereignty of Tribal Nations and address long-standing disparities is unprecedented.  

  • The Budget prioritizes Tribal communities with $2.9 billion allocated for Bureau of Indian Affairs programs and $1.5 billion for Bureau of Indian Education programs. These investments aim to address disparities and support Indigenous communities in various essential services and education.  
  • Complementing the recent changes in the land-into-trust process, the Budget proposes to allocate $8 million of mandatory funding from the Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) to establish a new program to support Tribal land acquisition for conservation and outdoor recreation. During LWCF listening sessions, one of the top priorities Tribes identified was the need to have direct access to LWCF funding for conservation and recreation projects.  
  • The Budget provides $226 million in discretionary funding for Indian Water Rights settlements (IWRS) as well as $2.8 billion in mandatory funding over ten years to cover the costs of existing and future water settlements and to address the ongoing Operation and Maintenance requirements associated with already enacted IWRS managed by the Bureau of Reclamation.  
  • The Budget supports the Administration’s commitment to prioritize restoration of healthy and abundant wild salmon, steelhead, and other native fish populations in the Columbia River Basin, and honor the United States’ obligations to Tribal Nations. The Budget provides $18.8 million for the Bureau of Reclamation’s Columbia and Snake River Salmon Recovery Project and $3 million for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to support native fish and ecosystem restoration.   

Creates Jobs while Continuing to Move Clean Energy Forward:  The time to act on climate is now. Renewable energy — including solar, onshore and offshore wind, geothermal, and wave and tidal energy projects — will help communities across the country be part of the climate solution and create good-paying union jobs. The demand for renewable energy development has never been greater. The technological advances, increased interest, cost effectiveness, and tremendous economic potential make these projects a promising path for diversifying our national energy portfolio.  

  • The President’s Budget supports the Department’s clean energy goals, with $189.3 million allocated to deploy and support clean energy project development including on public lands and waters.   
  • The 2025 Budget includes $53.1 million for the Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM) onshore renewable energy program. The request will help to build staffing capacity at BLM’s Renewable Energy Coordination Offices and accelerate planning and permitting to accommodate increased demand and workload.  

In promoting equity, diversity and inclusion, the Budget seeks to ensure accessibility to green spaces and the outdoors for all communities. Additionally, investments are made to increase representation in delivering the Department's core missions and strengthen diversity and equity within the workforce. The Department’s initiatives drive job creation and economic expansion across multiple sectors, including energy, minerals, recreation, tourism, water-related activities, grants and infrastructure investment. The enactment of critical legislation such as the Great American Outdoors Act, Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act has significantly strengthened and enhanced the Department’s role in fostering America’s economic and employment growth.  

For more information on the President’s FY 2025 Budget, please visit the White House’s Budget webpage .   

For more information on the FY 2025 budget proposals for the Department, please visit the Department’s Budget webpage .  

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Title: can large language models automatically score proficiency of written essays.

Abstract: Although several methods were proposed to address the problem of automated essay scoring (AES) in the last 50 years, there is still much to desire in terms of effectiveness. Large Language Models (LLMs) are transformer-based models that demonstrate extraordinary capabilities on various tasks. In this paper, we test the ability of LLMs, given their powerful linguistic knowledge, to analyze and effectively score written essays. We experimented with two popular LLMs, namely ChatGPT and Llama. We aim to check if these models can do this task and, if so, how their performance is positioned among the state-of-the-art (SOTA) models across two levels, holistically and per individual writing trait. We utilized prompt-engineering tactics in designing four different prompts to bring their maximum potential to this task. Our experiments conducted on the ASAP dataset revealed several interesting observations. First, choosing the right prompt depends highly on the model and nature of the task. Second, the two LLMs exhibited comparable average performance in AES, with a slight advantage for ChatGPT. Finally, despite the performance gap between the two LLMs and SOTA models in terms of predictions, they provide feedback to enhance the quality of the essays, which can potentially help both teachers and students.

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The Philippines economy in 2024: Stronger for longer?

The Philippines ended 2023 on a high note, being the fastest growing economy across Southeast Asia with a growth rate of 5.6 percent—just shy of the government's target of 6.0 to 7.0 percent. 1 “National accounts,” Philippine Statistics Authority, January 31, 2024; "Philippine economic updates,” Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, November 16, 2023. Should projections hold, the Philippines is expected to, once again, show significant growth in 2024, demonstrating its resilience despite various global economic pressures (Exhibit 1). 2 “Economic forecast 2024,” International Monetary Fund, November 1, 2023; McKinsey analysis.

The growth in the Philippine economy in 2023 was driven by a resumption in commercial activities, public infrastructure spending, and growth in digital financial services. Most sectors grew, with transportation and storage (13 percent), construction (9 percent), and financial services (9 percent), performing the best (Exhibit 2). 3 “National accounts,” Philippine Statistics Authority, January 31, 2024. While the country's trade deficit narrowed in 2023, it remains elevated at $52 billion due to slowing global demand and geopolitical uncertainties. 4 “Highlights of the Philippine export and import statistics,” Philippine Statistics Authority, January 28, 2024. Looking ahead to 2024, the current economic forecast for the Philippines projects a GDP growth of between 5 and 6 percent.

Inflation rates are expected to temper between 3.2 and 3.6 percent in 2024 after ending 2023 at 6.0 percent, above the 2.0 to 4.0 percent target range set by the government. 5 “Nomura downgrades Philippine 2024 growth forecast,” Nomura, September 11, 2023; “IMF raises Philippine growth rate forecast,” International Monetary Fund, July 16, 2023.

For the purposes of this article, most of the statistics used for our analysis have come from a common thread of sources. These include the Central Bank of the Philippines (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas); the Department of Energy Philippines; the IT and Business Process Association of the Philippines (IBPAP); and the Philippines Statistics Authority.

The state of the Philippine economy across seven major sectors and themes

In the article, we explore the 2024 outlook for seven key sectors and themes, what may affect each of them in the coming year, and what could potentially unlock continued growth.

Financial services

The recovery of the financial services sector appears on track as year-on-year growth rates stabilize. 6 Philippines Statistics Authority, November 2023; McKinsey in partnership with Oxford Economics, November 2023. In 2024, this sector will likely continue to grow, though at a slower pace of about 5 percent.

Financial inclusion and digitalization are contributing to growth in this sector in 2024, even if new challenges emerge. Various factors are expected to impact this sector:

  • Inclusive finance: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas continues to invest in financial inclusion initiatives. For example, basic deposit accounts (BDAs) reached $22 million in 2023 and banking penetration improved, with the proportion of adults with formal bank accounts increasing from 29 percent in 2019 to 56 percent in 2021. 7 “Financial inclusion dashboard: First quarter 2023,” Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, February 6, 2024.
  • Digital adoption: Digital channels are expected to continue to grow, with data showing that 60 percent of adults who have a mobile phone and internet access have done a digital financial transaction. 8 “Financial inclusion dashboard: First quarter 2023,” Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, February 6, 2024. Businesses in this sector, however, will need to remain vigilant in navigating cybersecurity and fraud risks.
  • Unsecured lending growth: Growth in unsecured lending is expected to continue, but at a slower pace than the past two to three years. For example, unsecured retail lending for the banking system alone grew by 27 percent annually from 2020 to 2022. 9 “Loan accounts: As of first quarter 2023,” Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, February 6, 2024; "Global banking pools,” McKinsey, November 2023. Businesses in this field are, however, expected to recalibrate their risk profiling models as segments with high nonperforming loans emerge.
  • High interest rates: Key interest rates are expected to decline in the second half of 2024, creating more accommodating borrowing conditions that could boost wholesale and corporate loans.

Supportive frameworks have a pivotal role to play in unlocking growth in this sector to meet the ever-increasing demand from the financially underserved. For example, financial literacy programs and easier-to-access accounts—such as BDAs—are some measures that can help widen market access to financial services. Continued efforts are being made to build an open finance framework that could serve the needs of the unbanked population, as well as a unified credit scoring mechanism to increase the ability of historically under-financed segments, such as small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), to access formal credit. 10 “BSP launches credit scoring model,” Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, April 26, 2023.

Energy and Power

The outlook for the energy sector seems positive, with the potential to grow by 7 percent in 2024 as the country focuses on renewable energy generation. 11 McKinsey analysis based on input from industry experts. Currently, stakeholders are focused on increasing energy security, particularly on importing liquefied natural gas (LNG) to meet power plants’ requirements as production in one of the country’s main sources of natural gas, the Malampaya gas field, declines. 12 Myrna M. Velasco, “Malampaya gas field prod’n declines steeply in 2021,” Manila Bulletin , July 9, 2022. High global inflation and the fact that the Philippines is a net fuel importer are impacting electricity prices and the build-out of planned renewable energy projects. Recent regulatory moves to remove foreign ownership limits on exploration, development, and utilization of renewable energy resources could possibly accelerate growth in the country’s energy and power sector. 13 “RA 11659,” Department of Energy Philippines, June 8, 2023.

Gas, renewables, and transmission are potential growth drivers for the sector. Upgrading power grids so that they become more flexible and better able to cope with the intermittent electricity supply that comes with renewables will be critical as the sector pivots toward renewable energy. A recent coal moratorium may position natural gas as a transition fuel—this could stimulate exploration and production investments for new, indigenous natural gas fields, gas pipeline infrastructure, and LNG import terminal projects. 14 Philippine energy plan 2020–2040, Department of Energy Philippines, June 10, 2022; Power development plan 2020–2040 , Department of Energy Philippines, 2021. The increasing momentum of green energy auctions could facilitate the development of renewables at scale, as the country targets 35 percent share of renewables by 2030. 15 Power development plan 2020–2040 , 2022.

Growth in the healthcare industry may slow to 2.8 percent in 2024, while pharmaceuticals manufacturing is expected to rebound with 5.2 percent growth in 2024. 16 McKinsey analysis in partnership with Oxford Economics.

Healthcare demand could grow, although the quality of care may be strained as the health worker shortage is projected to increase over the next five years. 17 McKinsey analysis. The supply-and-demand gap in nursing alone is forecast to reach a shortage of approximately 90,000 nurses by 2028. 18 McKinsey analysis. Another compounding factor straining healthcare is the higher than anticipated benefit utilization and rising healthcare costs, which, while helping to meet people's healthcare budgets, may continue to drive down profitability for health insurers.

Meanwhile, pharmaceutical companies are feeling varying effects of people becoming increasingly health conscious. Consumers are using more over the counter (OTC) medication and placing more beneficial value on organic health products, such as vitamins and supplements made from natural ingredients, which could impact demand for prescription drugs. 19 “Consumer health in the Philippines 2023,” Euromonitor, October 2023.

Businesses operating in this field may end up benefiting from universal healthcare policies. If initiatives are implemented that integrate healthcare systems, rationalize copayments, attract and retain talent, and incentivize investments, they could potentially help to strengthen healthcare provision and quality.

Businesses may also need to navigate an increasingly complex landscape of diverse health needs, digitization, and price controls. Digital and data transformations are being seen to facilitate improvements in healthcare delivery and access, with leading digital health apps getting more than one million downloads. 20 Google Play Store, September 27, 2023. Digitization may create an opportunity to develop healthcare ecosystems that unify touchpoints along the patient journey and provide offline-to-online care, as well as potentially realizing cost efficiencies.

Consumer and retail

Growth in the retail and wholesale trade and consumer goods sectors is projected to remain stable in 2024, at 4 percent and 5 percent, respectively.

Inflation, however, continues to put consumers under pressure. While inflation rates may fall—predicted to reach 4 percent in 2024—commodity prices may still remain elevated in the near term, a top concern for Filipinos. 21 “IMF raises Philippine growth forecast,” July 26, 2023; “Nomura downgrades Philippines 2024 growth forecast,” September 11, 2023. In response to challenging economic conditions, 92 percent of consumers have changed their shopping behaviors, and approximately 50 percent indicate that they are switching brands or retail providers in seek of promotions and better prices. 22 “Philippines consumer pulse survey, 2023,” McKinsey, November 2023.

Online shopping has become entrenched in Filipino consumers, as they find that they get access to a wider range of products, can compare prices more easily, and can shop with more convenience. For example, a McKinsey Philippines consumer sentiment survey in 2023 found that 80 percent of respondents, on average, use online and omnichannel to purchase footwear, toys, baby supplies, apparel, and accessories. To capture the opportunity that this shift in Filipino consumer preferences brings and to unlock growth in this sector, retail organizations could turn to omnichannel strategies to seamlessly integrate online and offline channels. Businesses may need to explore investments that increase resilience across the supply chain, alongside researching and developing new products that serve emerging consumer preferences, such as that for natural ingredients and sustainable sources.

Manufacturing

Manufacturing is a key contributor to the Philippine economy, contributing approximately 19 percent of GDP in 2022, employing about 7 percent of the country’s labor force, and growing in line with GDP at approximately 6 percent between 2023 and 2024. 23 McKinsey analysis based on input from industry experts.

Some changes could be seen in 2024 that might affect the sector moving forward. The focus toward building resilient supply chains and increasing self-sufficiency is growing. The Philippines also is likely to benefit from increasing regional trade, as well as the emerging trend of nearshoring or onshoring as countries seek to make their supply chains more resilient. With semiconductors driving approximately 45 percent of Philippine exports, the transfer of knowledge and technology, as well as the development of STEM capabilities, could help attract investments into the sector and increase the relevance of the country as a manufacturing hub. 24 McKinsey analysis based on input from industry experts.

To secure growth, public and private sector support could bolster investments in R&D and upskill the labor force. In addition, strategies to attract investment may be integral to the further development of supply chain infrastructure and manufacturing bases. Government programs to enable digital transformation and R&D, along with a strategic approach to upskilling the labor force, could help boost industry innovation in line with Industry 4.0 demand. 25 Industry 4.0 is also referred to as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Priority products to which manufacturing industries could pivot include more complex, higher value chain electronic components in the semiconductor segment; generic OTC drugs and nature-based pharmaceuticals in the pharmaceutical sector; and, for green industries, products such as EVs, batteries, solar panels, and biomass production.

Information technology business process outsourcing

The information technology business process outsourcing (IT-BPO) sector is on track to reach its long-term targets, with $38 billion in forecast revenues in 2024. 26 Khriscielle Yalao, “WHF flexibility key to achieving growth targets—IBPAP,” Manila Bulletin , January 23, 2024. Emerging innovations in service delivery and work models are being observed, which could drive further growth in the sector.

The industry continues to outperform headcount and revenue targets, shaping its position as a country leader for employment and services. 27 McKinsey analysis based in input from industry experts. Demand from global companies for offshoring is expected to increase, due to cost containment strategies and preference for Philippine IT-BPO providers. New work setups continue to emerge, ranging from remote-first to office-first, which could translate to potential net benefits. These include a 10 to 30 percent increase in employee retention; a three- to four-hour reduction in commute times; an increase in enabled talent of 350,000; and a potential reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of 1.4 to 1.5 million tons of CO 2 per year. 28 McKinsey analysis based in input from industry experts. It is becoming increasingly more important that the IT-BPO sector adapts to new technologies as businesses begin to harness automation and generative AI (gen AI) to unlock productivity.

Talent and technology are clear areas where growth in this sector can be unlocked. The growing complexity of offshoring requirements necessitates building a proper talent hub to help bridge employee gaps and better match local talent to employers’ needs. Businesses in the industry could explore developing facilities and digital infrastructure to enable industry expansion outside the metros, especially in future “digital cities” nationwide. Introducing new service areas could capture latent demand from existing clients with evolving needs as well as unserved clients. BPO centers could explore the potential of offering higher-value services by cultivating technology-focused capabilities, such as using gen AI to unlock revenue, deliver sales excellence, and reduce general administrative costs.

Sustainability

The Philippines is considered to be the fourth most vulnerable country to climate change in the world as, due to its geographic location, the country has a higher risk of exposure to natural disasters, such as rising sea levels. 29 “The Philippines has been ranked the fourth most vulnerable country to climate change,” Global Climate Risk Index, January 2021. Approximately $3.2 billion, on average, in economic loss could occur annually because of natural disasters over the next five decades, translating to up to 7 to 8 percent of the country’s nominal GDP. 30 “The Philippines has been ranked the fourth most vulnerable country to climate change,” Global Climate Risk Index, January 2021.

The Philippines could capitalize on five green growth opportunities to operate in global value chains and catalyze growth for the nation:

  • Renewable energy: The country could aim to generate 50 percent of its energy from renewables by 2040, building on its high renewable energy potential and the declining cost of producing renewable energy.
  • Solar photovoltaic (PV) manufacturing: More than a twofold increase in annual output from 2023 to 2030 could be achieved, enabled by lower production costs.
  • Battery production: The Philippines could aim for a $1.5 billion domestic market by 2030, capitalizing on its vast nickel reserves (the second largest globally). 31 “MineSpans,” McKinsey, November 2023.
  • Electric mobility: Electric vehicles could account for 15 percent of the country’s vehicle sales by 2030 (from less than 1 percent currently), driven by incentives, local distribution, and charging infrastructure. 32 McKinsey analysis based on input from industry experts.
  • Nature-based solutions: The country’s largely untapped total abatement potential could reach up to 200 to 300 metric tons of CO 2 , enabled by its biodiversity and strong demand.

The Philippine economy: Three scenarios for growth

Having grown faster than other economies in Southeast Asia in 2023 to end the year with 5.6 percent growth, the Philippines can expect a similarly healthy growth outlook for 2024. Based on our analysis, there are three potential scenarios for the country’s growth. 33 McKinsey analysis in partnership with Oxford Economics.

Slower growth: The first scenario projects GDP growth of 4.8 percent if there are challenging conditions—such as declining trade and accelerated inflation—which could keep key policy rates high at about 6.5 percent and dampen private consumption, leading to slower long-term growth.

Soft landing: The second scenario projects GDP growth of 5.2 percent if inflation moderates and global conditions turn out to be largely favorable due to a stable investment environment and regional trade demand.

Accelerated growth: In the third scenario, GDP growth is projected to reach 6.1 percent if inflation slows and public policies accommodate aspects such as loosening key policy rates and offering incentive programs to boost productivity.

Focusing on factors that could unlock growth in its seven critical sectors and themes, while adapting to the macro-economic scenario that plays out, would allow the Philippines to materialize its growth potential in 2024 and take steps towards achieving longer-term, sustainable economic growth.

Jon Canto is a partner in McKinsey’s Manila office, where Frauke Renz is an associate partner, and Vicah Villanueva is a consultant.

The authors wish to thank Charlene Chua, Charlie del Rosario, Ryan delos Reyes, Debadrita Dhara, Evelyn C. Fong, Krzysztof Kwiatkowski, Frances Lee, Aaron Ong, and Liane Tan for their contributions to this article.

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