indian journal of dental research and review

Indian Journal of Dental Research

Subject Area and Category

• Dentistry (miscellaneous)
• Medicine (miscellaneous)

Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications

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09709290, 19983603

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Sodium bicarbonate: A review and its uses in dentistry

Affiliations.

• 1 Department of Prosthodontics, RVS Dental College and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
• 2 Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Birmingham Dental Hospital, Birmingham B57EG, UK.
• PMID: 30409952
• DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_30_17

Denture stomatitis, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis are the growing problems in restorative dentistry. Chemicals play an important role as an adjuvant to mechanical cleaning of teeth, implants, surrounding tissues, and prostheses. Current mouth rinses are reported to affect the tissues and prostheses if used on a long-term basis. Sodium bicarbonate, the common baking soda, has been reported to be versatile. A search of the resources through Medline and Google Scholar was made to understand the current status of the mouth rinses and the use of sodium bicarbonate. Different MeSH and search criteria were used for the different search engines. Baking soda, being a common household item, with its ready availability, safety, minimal abrasivity, and bactericidal property makes it a patient-friendly mouthwash, component in the dentifrice, or chewing gum, which can be used on a long-term basis as an adjunct virtually free of any side effects.

Keywords: Denture cleanser; denture stomatitis; diabetes; mouth rinse; mucositis; peri-implantitis; sodium bicarbonate.

Publication types

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Chewing Gum
• Dental Caries / prevention & control
• Dentifrices
• Denture Cleansers
• Mouthwashes* / adverse effects
• Oral Hygiene
• Peri-Implantitis / prevention & control
• Sodium Bicarbonate* / administration & dosage
• Sodium Bicarbonate* / pharmacology
• Stomatitis / prevention & control
• Stomatitis, Denture / prevention & control
• Tooth Abrasion / chemically induced
• Tooth Abrasion / prevention & control
• Tooth Bleaching Agents
• Mouthwashes
• Sodium Bicarbonate

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• J Int Soc Prev Community Dent
• v.12(5); Sep-Oct 2022

Systematic Reviews in Dental Research: A Bibliometric Analysis of Contribution from Indian Dentists During 1948–2022

Gadde praveen.

1 Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti

2 Department of Periodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

Gautami S. Penmetsa

Haribabu nagisetti.

3 Department of Orthodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

Sailakshmi Durga Indukuri

4 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

Anitha Akkaloori

5 Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

Associated Data

With the principal investigator.

Aims and Objective:

Although systematic reviews (SRs) are the backbone of evidence-based dentistry, they have appeared infrequently in dental literature and their importance may not be recognized by dentists. So, this study aimed to identify SRs in dental research contributed by Indian dentists to the PubMed database during 1948–2022 and describes their epidemiological and descriptive characteristics.

Materials and Methods:

An electronic search of the PubMed database was performed from 1948 through September 2022. SRs were considered for inclusion if they were related to oral health and published by Indian dentists as the first author. From this collection, the following characteristics of SRs were described: name of the journal, type of journal (e.g., general dentistry, specialty dentistry, non-dental), year of publication, author’s affiliation, and focus of the SR.

The search identified 439 SRs in dentistry indexed in the PubMed database during 1948–2022. There were only 5 SRs published from 2007 to 2010 with maximum publications during the year 2021 ( n = 114; 25.97%). About 32.35% of the SRs ( n = 142) were published in 10 journals with the maximum contribution from the Journal of Conservative Dentistry ( n = 22; 5.01%). The majority of the SRs were published in the field of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry ( n = 72; 16.40%), followed by Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics ( n = 63; 14.35%).

Conclusion:

The contribution of SRs in dental research from India is small but growing. There is a clear need to improve SRs in dental research qualitatively and quantitatively.

I NTRODUCTION

Dental research is progressing at a greater speed worldwide.[ 1 ] Within dentistry alone, around 500 journals are publishing over 43,000 research articles a year.[ 2 ] Dental research in India also is currently undergoing a rapid transformation.[ 3 , 4 ] India published 1380 research papers related to dentistry during 1999–2008, with an average publication of 138 articles per year. Its cumulative output increased from 289 articles during 1999–2003 to 1091 articles during 2004–2008, showing a growth rate of 277.51%. Correspondingly India’s world ranking in dental research improved from 18th position in 1999 to 9th in 2008 with its global publication share of 2.86% when compared with the USA which tops the list with its share of 24.16%.[ 5 ]

In recent years, the interest in systematic reviews (SRs), their production, and their publication has been growing as they became foundational to evidence-based dental practice.[ 2 , 6 ] Since the inception of the evidence-based practice approach in dentistry, the number of SRs and meta-analysis has rapidly increased. According to a study, a total of 1188 SRs were published from 1991 through 2012 in oral healthcare research.[ 6 ] But in India, the shift toward SRs has been a relatively recent phenomenon, with reviews of this type appearing with ever-increasing frequency during the past decade.[ 6 , 7 , 8 ]

PubMed is a commonly used database maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information and the National Institute of Health, USA. This database is updated regularly and covers details of millions of life sciences manuscripts. It is the most commonly used search tool for millions of researchers working in health and life sciences.[ 4 ]

Bibliometric analysis of SRs is considered to be important for various professional societies, dental researchers, scholarly institutions, and funding organizations to frame policies and take necessary actions. There have been several studies conducted on bibliometric analysis of SRs in medicine[ 1 ] and dental research.[ 2 , 6 , 8 ] However, no systematic investigations of this type have yet been published analyzing the contribution of SRs by Indian authors in the dental literature. Hence, the objectives of this study were to: (1) identify all SRs in dental research published by Indian dental researchers until September 2022 and (2) describe their epidemiological and descriptive characteristics. Analysis of research outcomes may help to identify gaps where SRs are limited and direct future developments in the field of evidence-based dental practice.

M ATERIALS AND M ETHODS

We surveyed the English language literature to characterize the existing SRs in dental research published by Indian authors. The PubMed database was searched up to September 13, 2022. The search strategy was done using keywords such as: (((((dentistry) OR oral) OR dental) AND systematic review OR Meta-analysis) AND ((“1948/01/01”[PDat]: “2022/09/13”[PDat])) AND India [Affiliation]). The search strategy also includes SRs that were known to the authors but not found in the searches. All SRs, from all types of journals including basic sciences, clinical medical sciences, and dental journals, were included. The following criteria were followed for accumulating the data: (a) first author’s affiliation was only considered for the study. (b) Only Indian institutions were considered for the study. We excluded all reports with no direct relevance to dentistry. All the SRs in dental research published by medical scientists were also excluded from the analysis.

The results of the search strategy were assessed independently by two reviewers, and the full article was retrieved for those meeting the inclusion criteria. Each report meeting the inclusion criteria was then assessed independently by the same reviewers, and discrepancies in the screening of titles/abstracts and full-text articles were resolved through discussion. Expert opinion was invited to attain solidarity when there was disagreement. From this collection, the following were noted down: name of the journal, type of journal (e.g., general dentistry, specialty dentistry, non-dental), year of publication, author’s affiliation, and focus of the SR. Those data that were missing such as improper citation of the name of the institution/department and not a citation of state of origin were labeled as “not mentioned.”

The data collected were entered into Microsoft Excel sheet 2007. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Descriptive analysis was done and presented in the form of tables.

Literature search

As reflected in the PubMed database, 718 potential records were found, including 7 additional records identified through other sources. Figure 1 illustrates the flow diagram of the literature search according to the PRISMA. After removing two duplicate records, through the process of screening, 80 records were excluded on the basis of title/abstract. The remaining 636 full-text articles were retrieved for a more detailed evaluation, of which 197 were excluded and do not meet the inclusion criteria mentioned in the methodology. Finally, 439 records were included in the bibliometric analysis.

Flow diagram of literature search according to the PRISMA

Journal characteristics and SRs

A total of 439 SRs were published in 152 journals. Nearly half of the SRs ( n = 142; 32.35%) were published in 10 journals with maximum contribution from the Journal of Conservative Dentistry with 22 SRs (5.01%), Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 20 (4.56%), Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 20 (4.56%), followed by Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry 19 (4.33%). The remaining 152 journals contributed 297 SRs [ Table 1 ].

Systematic reviews published in various journals

Year of publication and SRs

A total of 439 SRs were published by September 2022. Table 2 shows the gradual increase of SRs in dental research with each year, from 2007 to 2022. No SRs and meta-analysis were published in the PubMed database by Indian dental researchers till 2007. There were only five SRs published from 2007 to 2010 with maximum publications during the year 2021 ( n = 114; 25.97%) [ Table 2 ].

Year-wise publication of systematic reviews in dental research

Dental specialties and SRs

The majority of the SRs were published in the field of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 72 (16.40%), Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics 63 (14.35%), Public Health Dentistry 57 (12.98%), followed by Prosthodontics 51 (11.62%). Only a small portion of SRs was published in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 27 (6.15%), Oral Medicine and Radiology 25 (5.69%), followed by Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 21 (4.78%) [ Table 3 ].

Contribution of systematic reviews by different dental specialties

Dental institutions and SRs

A total of 193 dental institutes contributed 439 SRs to the PubMed database by September 2022. Among them, the top 10 institutions together contributed 146 SRs (with a 32.35% share) in the total cumulative research output by India. Of these private practitioners contributed five SRs to dental research. Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu and Center for Dental Education and Research, AIIMS, New Delhi top the list with 32 publications each (7.29%), followed by Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune ( n = 21; 4.78%). The institutions along with their contributions are displayed in Table 4 .

The top 10 dental institute’s contributions to systematic reviews

Authors and SRs

Only 10 authors have contributed more than two SRs. The top three contributors were Nagori 5 (1.14%), Mishra5 (1.14%), and Gondivkar 5 (1.14%) [ Table 5 ].

The top 10 contributors of systematic reviews in dental research

D ISCUSSION

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first bibliometric study to identify and describe the characteristics of SRs in scientific literature published by Indian dentists. As reflected in the PubMed database, India published 439 SRs in dental research until September 2022. This is considered to be a meager contribution from India when compared with the bulk of SRs published every year.[ 9 ] Saltaji et al. [ 6 ] demonstrated that 1188 SRs were published between 1991 and 2012 and the contribution from India was less than 2.1%. According to Bassani et al. ,[ 10 ] India contributed 3% to the global publication share of SRs in dentistry in the PubMed database during the year 2017. The lower share is attributed to the reason that the training in methodological aspects of SRs was moderate among Indian dentists.[ 11 , 12 ]

The first SR in dental research was published by Holland in a British dental journal (1948) as reflected in the PubMed database.[ 13 ] The present study demonstrated no contribution from India from the first publication in 1948 to 2007 to the PubMed database. But, there is a steady increase in the number of SRs since 2007. This phenomenon could be explained by an increase in the number of dental colleges, the growing importance of evidence-based dental practice, and an increase in the number of journals published in India. This tendency may be encouraging for the scientific community, but an increased volume of SRs may not necessarily reflect an improvement in the methodological quality of SRs. Unfortunately, the present bibliometric analysis does lack the qualitative dimension. But many studies surveyed the quality of SRs in dentistry and concluded that SRs are poorly conducted, reported, and/or unnecessary.[ 2 , 8 , 14 , 15 ]

Dental specialties were ranked according to the proportion of the total published SRs in dental research indexed in PubMed. Departments of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry and Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics top the list, whereas Departments of Oral Medicine and Radiology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery occupied the bottom. The results were similar to Saltaji et al .[ 6 ] and were in total contrast to a study by Bassani et al. ,[ 10 ] in which Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery accounted for the highest share and public health dentistry at the down. This type of analysis helps in identifying the dental specialties where more SRs are specifically needed.

SRs in dentistry appear to be published more often in specialty journals.[ 6 ] Similar results were found in our study with half of the SRs published in dental specialty journals. Of the 439 SRs, 81 papers were published in 4 journals, namely, the Journal of Conservative Dentistry , Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research , Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society , and Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry . Interestingly, the impact factor and h index of the above journals range between 0.27–0.37 and 0–56, respectively, according to Scimago journal rankings. This finding may conclude that SRs in dental research are in a poor state in India, in terms of both quantity and quality.

The top 10 Indian dental institutions together contributed 146 SRs (with a 33.25% share) in the total cumulative research output during 1948–2022. Of these, the largest numbers of SRs are contributed by Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu; AIIMS, New Delhi; and Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India. A similar analysis was done by Kaur to map dental science research in India during 1999–2008. It was identified that the top 25 Indian dental institutions together contributed 874 papers (with a 63.33% share) in the total cumulative research output.[ 5 ]

Based on publications output data for India in dental sciences, only 10 authors were identified as productive publishing more than 2 SRs. Of these, Nagori, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Dental Centre (Research and Referral), New Delhi, India tops the list with five contributions. In the present study, 37 SRs were excluded based on the fact that Indian dentist was not the first author of the SR. This reflects the collaborative nature of Indian dentists to conduct SRs as the average share of international collaborative papers published by Indian authors varied from 7.14% to 37.5%, with the average share per author during 1999–2008 being 17.5%.[ 16 ]

Itis important to consider the limitations of the present study. Bibliometric analysis using only the PubMed database does not cover the entirety of scientific production. However, a similar approach has been successfully used in different studies.[ 17 , 18 , 19 ] We used this approach because PubMed is the premier online bibliographic database that is freely accessible and covers all the fields such as medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, healthcare system, and the preclinical sciences. Moreover, as per the norms of state health departments in India, the academic progress of faculty/researchers depends on publication output in the PubMed database. Finally, this analysis suffers from the disadvantage of being quantitative and not qualitative. So other methods need to seek how bibliometric analyses can be used further to evaluate the quality of SRs.

C ONCLUSIONS

To conclude, the poor contribution of Indian dentists to SRs indexed in the PubMed database was identified during 1948–2007, but there is a radical increase in the number of SRs from 2007 to 2022. The epidemiological and descriptive characteristics of SRs in dental research varied among different journals, dental specialties, and institutes. Based on this, there is a clear need for the improvement of SRs in dental research both qualitatively and quantitatively.

F INANCIAL SUPPORT AND SPONSORSHIP

C onflicts of interest.

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

A UTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

Gadde Praveen: Conceptualization, literature search, methodology, data analysis and interpretation, draft writing, review & editing. Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti: Methodology, data analysis, draft writing, review & editing. Gautami S. Penmetsa: Methodology, draft writing, review & editing. Haribabu Nagisetti: Methodology, draft writing, review & editing.Sailakshmi Durga Indukuri: Draft writing, review & editing. Anitha Akkaloori: Draft writing, review & editing.

E THICAL POLICY AND INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD STATEMENT

Not applicable.

P ATIENT DECLARATION OF CONSENT

D ata availability statement, a cknowledgement, r eferences.

Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences

e-ISSN: 2320-7949 and p-ISSN: 2322-0090

• +447389646377
• Journal h-index : 11
• Journal cite score : 3.20
• Journal impact factor : 2.88
• Average acceptance to publication time (5-7 days)
• Average article processing time (30 - 45 days) Less than 5 volumes 30 days 8 - 9 volumes 40 days 10 and more volumes 45 days

Welcome to the Journal

Index Copernicus Value: 78.32

Dental Sciences is one of the most emerging fields in the present scenario. The level of Dental Science involvement in the fields of scientific research has reached to an extent.

Dental Sciences is a disciplinary field that aims to disseminate information, scholarship experience in education, practice and investigation between Dental status and quality of care for individuals, families and communities. Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences aims to supply Researchers with resources in order to provide the scientific knowledge through the publication of peer-reviewed, high quality, scientific papers and other material on all topics related to Dentistry, Orthodontics, Endodontics, Public Health Dentistry, Dental Engineering, Restorative Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Bonding, Dental Cavities, Dental Materials, Osseointegration, Dental pedagogy and all other fields which fall under the scope of Dental Sciences.

Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences uses Editorial Tracking System for a qualitative and prompt review process. Editorial Tracking is review and tracking system. Review processing is performed by the editorial board members of Journal of Dental Sciences or relevant experts from other universities or institutes.

Authors are encouraged to submit their papers through online at https://www.scholarscentral.org/submission/research-reviews-dental-sciences.html or send as an e-mail attachment to [email protected]

The journal is indexed and abstracted in the following databases: Academic Keys, ResearchBible, CiteFactor, Cosmos IF, Open Academic Journals Index (OAJI), Electronic Journals Library, RefSeek, Hamdard University, World Catalogue of Scientific Journals, IndianScience.in, Scholarsteer, International Innovative Journal Impact Factor (IIJIF), International Institute of Organised Research (I2OR), Cosmos, Scientific World Index, Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research.

Open Access statement: This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.

Fast Editorial Execution and Review Process (FEE-Review Process):

Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences is participating in the Fast Editorial Execution and Review Process (FEE-Review Process) with an additional prepayment of $99 apart from the regular article processing fee. Fast Editorial Execution and Review Process is a special service for the article that enables it to get a faster response in the pre-review stage from the handling editor as well as a review from the reviewer. An author can get a faster response of pre-review maximum in 3 days since submission, and a review process by the reviewer maximum in 5 days, followed by revision/publication in 2 days. If the article gets notified for revision by the handling editor, then it will take another 5 days for external review by the previous reviewer or alternative reviewer.

Acceptance of manuscripts is driven entirely by handling editorial team considerations and independent peer-review, ensuring the highest standards are maintained no matter the route to regular peer-reviewed publication or a fast editorial review process. The handling editor and the article contributor are responsible for adhering to scientific standards. The article FEE-Review process of $99 will not be refunded even if the article is rejected or withdrawn for publication.

It is important to take care of your dental health, you can find all your dental treatments and necessary notes on the following sites we recommend: https://marmarisdentalcenter.com https://dentalclinicmarmaris.com https://marmarisdentals.com

The corresponding author or institution/organization is responsible for making the manuscript FEE-Review Process payment. The additional FEE-Review Process payment covers the fast review processing and quick editorial decisions, and regular article publication covers the preparation in various formats for online publication, securing full-text inclusion in a number of permanent archives like HTML, XML, and PDF, and feeding to different indexing agencies.

Oral Precancer

Predicting the risk of malignant transformation of any particular precancer of the head and neck region is a formidable task. The tremendous number of potential influencing factors and co-factors, along with great differences in study design and disease definitions, has led to considerable confusion on this subject. Still researches are going on for this particular domain for investigation.

Precancerous lesions of oral mucosa are the diseases that have malignant transformation risk at different ratios. Clinically, these diseases may sometimes resemble each other. Thus, the diagnosis should be confirmed by biopsy.

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Dentistry is the branch of medicine that is involved in the study, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the oral cavity, commonly in the dentition but also the oral mucosa, and of adjacent and related structures and tissues, particularly in the maxillofacial.

The science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the teeth, gums, and related structures of the mouth and including the repair or replacement of defective teeth.

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Osseointegration

Osseointegration refers to a direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant. Currently, an implant is considered as osseointegrated when there is no progressive relative movement between the implant and the bone with which it has direct contact.

Osseointegration derives from the Greek osteon, bone, and the Latin integrare, to make whole. The term refers to the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing artificial implant.

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Modern Dentistry

Currently, dental practices have fewer new patients presenting than at any other time in recent history. By bringing together many of the world's proven and advanced dental technologies under one roof and combining these with the skills of a cutting edge team of dental professionals is modern dentistry.

The majority of dental treatments are carried out to prevent or treat the two most common oral diseases which are dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal disease (gum disease or pyorrhea).

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Dental Engineering

Dental engineering focuses on material and biomechanics engineering and also deals with various equipment related to dentistry and helps in making dentistry better for patients.

The term "dental engineering," which refers to the field of study that covers the manufacture, testing and use of dental materials, is presented.

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Dental Disorders

Dental disorders are most common issues among children, youth and almost all age group peoples, mostly it happen due to ignorance of patients about their oral health.

Tooth pathology (or tooth diseases, tooth disorders or dental pathology), is any condition of the teeth that can be congenital or acquired. Sometimes a congenital tooth diseases are called tooth abnormalities.

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Dental Images

Dental images are common part of investigation and diagnosis of oral health of a patient and mainly relates with radiology and other techniques related to imaging and a part of recording case reports.

Dental is a word which is related to teeth or related to dentistry. Dental images will help in identifying the disease occurred to the teeth and therefore it can be cured by specific medication.

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Dental Analgesics

Dental analgesics are very common in dental practices and almost all type of healing procedures and surgical methods. After surgery dental. Pain, swollen gums and painful mucosa are very common in patient and to overcome that these dental analgesics are very useful.

Non-narcotic analgesics are the most commonly used drugs for relief of toothache or pain following dental treatment as well as fever.

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Restorative Dentistry

Restorative dentistry is the study, diagnosis and integrated management of diseases of the teeth and their supporting structures and the rehabilitation of the dentition to functional and aesthetic requirements of the individual.

The branch of dentistry that deals with the restoration of diseased, injured, or abnormal teeth to normal function, as by crowns.Fillings are the most common type of dental restoration. Teeth can be filled with gold, silver amalgam, or tooth-colored plastic materials called composite resin fillings.

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Root Canal Treatment

Root canal treatment is the removal of the tooth's pulp, a small, thread-like tissue in the center of the tooth. Once the damaged, diseased or dead pulp is removed, the remaining space is cleaned, shaped and filled. This procedure seals off the root canal.

Endodontic therapy or root canal therapy is a sequence of treatment for the infected pulp of a tooth which results in the elimination of infection and the protection of the decontaminated tooth from future microbial invasion.

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Dental Instruments

Dental instruments are the tools that dental professionals use to provide dental treatment. They include tools to examine, manipulate, restore and remove teeth and surrounding oral structures. Standard instruments are the instruments used to examine, restore and extract teeth and manipulate tissues.

Any instrument used in the practice of dentistry including a variety of hand or machine-driven cutting instruments for soft and calcified tissues, forceps, elevators, clamps, reamers, wire pliers, pluggers, carvers, explorers, and other instruments unique to the dental specialties (oral surgery, endodontics, orthodontics, periodontics, prosthodontics, and restorative dentistry).

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Dental Filling

A dental restoration or dental filling is a dental restorative material used to restore the function, integrity and morphology of missing tooth structure. The structural loss typically results from caries or external trauma.

By closing off spaces where bacteria can enter, a filling also helps prevent further decay. Materials used for fillings include gold, porcelain, a composite resin (tooth-colored fillings), and an amalgam (an alloy of mercury, silver, copper, tin and sometimes zinc).

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Dental Traumatology

Dental trauma refers to trauma or injury to the teeth and/or periodontium (gums, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone), and nearby soft tissues such as the lips, tongue, etc. The study of dental trauma is called dental traumatology. These cases are very frequent and handled mostly by maxillofacial surgeons.

Dental trauma may be inflicted in a number of ways: contact sports , motor vehicle accidents, fights, falls, eating hard foods, drinking hot liquids, and other such mishaps. Dental trauma includes teeth that are knocked out (dental avulsion), cracked (fractured), forced out of position (dental luxation, lateral displacement, or extrusion), pushed up into the jawbone (dental intrusion), or loosened by impact (subluxation or dental concussion ).

Related Journals of Dental Traumatology

Oral Hygiene, Oral Hygiene Practice, Journal of Oral Health Research, Trauma & Treatment, Traumatic Stress Disorders & Treatment, Journal of Dental Traumatology, British Dental Journal

Pediatric Dentistry

Pediatric dentistry is such specialization of dentistry where it is mostly concerned about oral health of a child, they provide program of preventative home care (brushing/flossing/fluorides), a caries risk assessment, information on finger, thumb, and pacifier habits, advice on preventing injuries to the mouth and teeth of children, diet counseling, and information on growth and development to parent of child.

Pediatric dentistry is an age-defined specialty that provides. both primary and comprehensive preventive and therapeutic. oral health care for infants and children through adolescence, including those with special health care needs.

Related Journals of Pediatric Dentistry

Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry, Journal of Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry, Public Health Dentistry Journals, International Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, Pediatric Neurology and Medicine, Pediatric Care, Pediatrics & Therapeutics, European Journal of Pediatrics Dentistry, Pediatrics Dental Journal, International Journal of Pediatrics Dentistry

Prosthodontics

Prosthodontics, also known as dental prosthetics or prosthetic dentistry, is the area of dentistry that focuses on dental prostheses. It is one of nine dental specialties recognized by the American Dental Association (ADA), Royal College of Dentists of Canada, and Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons.

It is the branch of dentistry concerned with the design, manufacture, and fitting of artificial replacements for teeth and other parts of the mouth.

Related Journal of Prosthodontics

Dental Journals Online, Dental Management Services, Journal of Dental and medical Sciences, Periodontics and Prosthodontics: open access, Orthodontics & Endodontics, Dentistry, Journal of Prosthodontics, The International Journal of Prosthodontics, Journal of Prosthodontic Research

Public Health Dentistry

Dental public health (DPH) is a non-clinical specialty of dentistry also known as Community Dentistry. Dental public health is involved in the assessment of dental health needs and improving the dental health of populations rather than individuals. This area of research is broad and beneficial to large number of population.

It is the science and the art of preventing and controlling disease and promoting dental health through organized community efforts" to "a non-clinical specialty of dentistry involved in the assessment of dental health.

Related Journal of Dental Public Health

Journal of Public Health Dentistry, Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry, Public Health Dentistry Journals, Community & Public Health Nursing, International Journal of Public Health and Safety, International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health, Tropical Diseases & Public Health, Journal of Public Health Dentistry, Journal of Community Dental Health

Dental Anaesthesiology

A dental anesthesiologist is a dentist who has successfully completed an accredited postdoctoral anesthesiology residency training program for dentists of two or more years duration, in accord with Commission on Dental Accreditation’s Standards for Dental Anesthesiology Residency Programs, and/or meets the eligibility requirements for examination by the American Dental Board of Anesthesiology. dental anesthesiology plays a major role in all dental and maxillofacial surgery.

Dental anesthesiology (or dental anaesthesiology) is the specialty of dentistry that deals with the management of pain through the use of advanced local and general anesthesia techniques.

Related Journals of Dental Anesthesiology

Dental Management Services, Open Access Dental Science, American Dental Journal, Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Dental Science, Dental Health: Current Research, Oral Health Case Reports, American Dental Society of Anesthesiology, Journal of the American Dental Society of Anesthesiology, Journal of the Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology

Dental Bonding

Dental bonding is a procedure in which a tooth-colored resin material is applied and hardened with a special light, which ultimately "bonds" the material to the tooth to restore or improve person's smile. It is very common now a days in practice.

A dental technique in which a material such as plastic or porcelain is attached to the surface of a discolored or damaged tooth or the technique of using adhesives to attach orthodontic brackets or other appliances to the teeth.

Related Journals of Dental Bonding

Oral Health, Oral Health Education, Oral Hygiene Articles, Orthodontics & Endodontics, Dentistry, Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences, The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry, Brazilian Dental Journal, International Journal of Dentistry

Dental Cavities

Dental caries or cavities, more commonly known as tooth decay, are caused by a breakdown of the tooth enamel. This breakdown is the result of bacteria on teeth that breakdown foods and produce acid that destroys tooth enamel and results in tooth decay. In addition to fluoridated water, good oral hygiene can help prevent tooth decay.

The acids in plaque remove minerals in your tooth's hard, outer enamel. This erosion causes tiny openings or holes in the enamel — the first stage of cavities. Once areas of enamel are worn away, the bacteria and acid can reach the next layer of your teeth, called dentin.

Related Journals of Dental Cavities

Pediatric Dental Journal, Dental Journals Online, Community Oral Health, Periodontics and Prosthodontics: open access, Dental Implants and Dentures: open access, Australian Dental Journal, Dental caries : British Dental Journal

*2023 Journal impact factor was established by dividing the number of articles published in 2021 and 2022 with the number of times they are cited in 2023 based on Google Scholar Citation Index database. If 'X' is the total number of articles published in 2021 and 2022, and 'Y' is the number of times these articles were cited in indexed journals during 2023 then, impact factor = Y/X

Articles published in Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences have been cited by esteemed scholars and scientists all around the world. Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences has got h-index 11 , which means every article in Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences has got 11 average citations.

Recently Published Articles

Osseointegration: a connection between living bone and dental implant.

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Benjamin Perez

Types and Uses of Dental Anaesthesia

Bronwyn George

Dental Pulp Stem Cells Applications and its Functions

Hakan Geckili

Signs, Symptoms and Causes of Oral Cancer

John Stefan

Roles and Responsibilities of Paediatric Dentists

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Journal Highlights

Google scholar citation report, citations : 654.

Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences received 654 citations as per Google Scholar report

Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences peer review process verified at publons

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