essay about physics subject

Physics Essay Examples and Topics

Physics lab report: hooke’s law, newton’s second law of motion, the inclined plane: physics.

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Electric Circuits: Verifying Ohm’s Law

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The Operational Amplifier: A Physical Experiment

The latent heat of vaporization experiment.

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Energy Conservation: The Lab Experiment

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A Resonance Tube Laboratory Experiment

Classical physics: aristotle, galileo galilei and isaac newton.

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Laws of Electromagnetic Induction

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A Mesh and Nodal Analysis Lab Report

Torque supported by real-life applications.

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Pros and Cons of Nuclear Power

Optics: the experiment of snell’s law, the experiment with spring balance.

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Plastic Bending of Portals Experiment

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Boyle’s Law and Its Importance in Flight Operations

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The Phone Case Drop: Force Analysis

Electrical circuit theory: rectification process.

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The Formation of Rainbows

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Reflection and Refraction of Light: Examples

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The Solid-Liquid Equilibrium in a Binary System Experiment

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Water Cycle Process

How maglev trains work, experiment of the fluid mechanics, physics lab report: centripetal force, the path of light.

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Physics: Permeability of Free Space

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Sliding Friction: Static and Kinetic Friction

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Clay Spheres: The Mass and the Diameter Relationship

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The Physics of Gun Recoil. Scientific Background

Albert einstein’s contributions to science, three non-parallel forces in equilibrium.

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Electrostatic Coalescence and Crude Oil Dehydration

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Rainbow and Its Various Aspects

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Color and Light

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Lab Report: KCL and KVL Applicability Studies on Three Circuits

Steel and young’s modulus experiment, richard feynman: life and work, experiment: shear force in a beam, boyle’s law: gas’s pressure and volume, tensile testing of metallic materials.

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Ballistics: Types of Bullets and Damage

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Moments Principles for Parallel and Non-Parallel Forces

Magnetic fields: charge-to-mass ratio of an electron.

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Collisions in One Dimension: A Physical Experiment

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Single Channel and Multichannel Analyzers

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Electricity and Magnetism: The Interrelationship

Laws of physics and bowling, the evolution of electricity.

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The Focal Length Determination for Two Convex Lenses Lab

Why nuclear energy is not good, experiment: frame deflections and reactions.

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Theory of Machines and Mechanisms

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The Design and Implementation of DC-DC Boost Converter

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Isaac Newton and His Three Laws of Motion

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Photoelectric Effect: A Lab Experiment

Anomalous expansion of water: a home experiment, fiber optics: definition, types, benefits, design of a power winch.

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Alternate processing methods for xrays(radiography)

How the universe was created according to physics.

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Reactance, Frequency Response, and Resonant Circuits

Bonded wire strain gauges, the photon definition and effects, conservation of energy, determining heat capacity of a metal cylinder, specific heat: impact on everyday life, the importance of the stories of creation, air-conditioning and heating systems.

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The Role of Lenses in Optics

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Gravitation: Definition and History of Discovery

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The Use of Physics in my Daily Activities

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The Resistance of a Conductor Is Directly Proportional to Its Length

How things work: microwave oven, wave types in physics overview, atoms: history, structure and application.

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CP & CV Measurement for an Ideal Gas: Laboratory Experiment

Single and combined pulley mechanisms, a metals density virtual lab experiment, energy: types and conversion process, springs and oscillations: scientific experiment.

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Experiment: Transients in Power Equipment Circuits

An introduction to energy and its development.

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Critical Analysis of Photovoltaic Breakthrough Case

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State of the Matter

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Intrinsic Defects Definition

Theoretical aspects of quantum teleportation.

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The Wonders of the Universe

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Light Beams and Their Classification

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The Sky’s Blue Color and Its Physical Explanation

Contradictions to the conservation law of energy, simulation of ac-dc regulated power supply, physics: analysis of pendulum lab report, newton’s second law applied during physics lab.

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Principle of Work Quantum Tunneling Effect

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Albert Einstein: His Life and Impact on Science

Quantum mechanics: determinants.

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Effects of Electromagnetic Fields from Mobile Phones and Microwave on Human Health

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OHM’s Law and Circuits

Picket fence free fall analysis, the big bang theory: experimental evidence, injection molding lab analysis, concept of speed in physics, wind and solar energy as a sources of alternative energy, verifying distributive law and demorgan’s law, periodic time and the simple length of the pendulum, physics 51-electricity and magnetism.

• Words: 1393

Physical Lab Experiment on Equilibrium of Objects

Constant acceleration: newton’s second law of motion.

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Electrostatic Discharge: Term Definition

An analysis of the global warming phenomenon based on the first law of thermodynamics.

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Energy and Momentum in the Daily Life

Physics: the term terminal velocity, balancing masses: a mechanical experiment, torque on thin rods: an experimental study, lab report: researching of elasticity, work and energy experimental lab, centripetal force: experimental analysis, closed loop motor speed control techniques.

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• Why Physics?
• Introduction

Why Study Physics?

• Physics Careers
• Physics at Cornell

There are hundreds of possible college majors and minors. So why should you study physics?

Physics is interesting.

Physics helps us to understand how the world around us works , from can openers, light bulbs and cell phones to muscles, lungs and brains; from paints, piccolos and pirouettes to cameras, cars and cathedrals; from earthquakes, tsunamis and hurricanes to quarks, DNA and black holes. From the prosaic . . . to the profound . . . to the poetic. . .

Physics helps us to organize the universe. It deals with fundamentals, and helps us to see the connections between seemly disparate phenomena.

Physics gives us powerful tools to help us to express our creativity , to see the world in new ways and then to change it.

Physics is useful.

Physics provides quantitative and analytic skills needed for analyzing data and solving problems in the sciences, engineering and medicine, as well as in economics, finance, management, law and public policy.

Physics is the basis for most modern technology , and for the tools and instruments used in scientific, engineering and medical research and development. Manufacturing is dominated by physics-based technology.

Physics helps you to help others. Doctors that don’t understand physics can be dangerous. Medicine without physics technology would be barbaric. Schools without qualified physics teachers cut their students off from a host of well-respected, well paying careers.

Students who study physics do better on SAT, MCAT and GRE tests. Physics majors do better on MCATs than bio or chem majors .

Majoring in physics provides excellent preparation for graduate study not just in physics, but in all engineering and information/computer science disciplines; in the life sciences including molecular biology, genetics and neurobiology; in earth, atmospheric and ocean science; in finance and economics; and in public policy and journalism.

Physics opens the door to many career options.

More options, in fact, than almost any other college subject. Conversely, not taking physics closes the door to more career options. You can't become an engineer or a doctor without physics; you’re far less likely to get a job in teaching; your video games will be boring and your animated movies won’t look realistic; and your policy judgments on global warming will be less compelling.

College and corporate recruiters recognize the value of physics training.

Although the number of job ads specifically asking for physicists is smaller than, e.g., for engineers, the job market for those with skills in physics is more diverse and is always strong .

Because physics encourages quantitative, analytical and “big picture” thinking, physicists are more likely to end up in top management and policy positions than other technical professionals. Of the three top science-related positions in the U.S. government, two - Energy Secretary and Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy - are currently held by physicists.

Physics is challenging.

This is one aspect that scares off many students. But it is precisely one of the most important reasons why you should study physics!

All of us - including professional physicists - find college physics courses challenging, because they require us to master the many concepts and skills that make training in physics so valuable in such a wide range of careers.

This also means that physics is much harder to learn after college (on your own or on the job) than other subjects like history or psychology or computer programming. You’ll get the most bang for your college buck if you take physics and other hard-to-learn subjects in your undergraduate years. You don't need to earn As or even Bs. You just need to learn enough to have a basis for future learning and professional growth.

Learn more about Physics at Cornell .

1.1 Physics: An Introduction

The physical universe is enormously complex in its detail. Every day, each of us observes a great variety of objects and phenomena. Over the centuries, the curiosity of the human race has led us collectively to explore and catalog a tremendous wealth of information. From the flight of birds to the colors of flowers, from lightning to gravity, from quarks to clusters of galaxies, from the flow of time to the mystery of the creation of the universe, we have asked questions and assembled huge arrays of facts. In the face of all these details, we have discovered that a surprisingly small and unified set of physical laws can explain what we observe. As humans, we make generalizations and seek order. We have found that nature is remarkably cooperative—it exhibits the underlying order and simplicity we so value.

It is the underlying order of nature that makes science in general, and physics in particular, so enjoyable to study. For example, what do a bag of chips and a car battery have in common? Both contain energy that can be converted to other forms. The law of conservation of energy (which says that energy can change form but is never lost) ties together such topics as food calories, batteries, heat, light, and watch springs. Understanding this law makes it easier to learn about the various forms energy takes and how they relate to one another. Apparently unrelated topics are connected through broadly applicable physical laws, permitting an understanding beyond just the memorization of lists of facts.

The unifying aspect of physical laws and the basic simplicity of nature form the underlying themes of this text. In learning to apply these laws, you will, of course, study the most important topics in physics. More importantly, you will gain analytical abilities that will enable you to apply these laws far beyond the scope of what can be included in a single book. These analytical skills will help you to excel academically, and they will also help you to think critically in any professional career you choose to pursue. This module discusses the realm of physics (to define what physics is), some applications of physics (to illustrate its relevance to other disciplines), and more precisely what constitutes a physical law (to illuminate the importance of experimentation to theory).

Science and the Realm of Physics

Science consists of the theories and laws that are the general truths of nature as well as the body of knowledge they encompass. Scientists are continually trying to expand this body of knowledge and to perfect the expression of the laws that describe it. Physics is concerned with describing the interactions of energy, matter, space, and time, and it is especially interested in what fundamental mechanisms underlie every phenomenon. The concern for describing the basic phenomena in nature essentially defines the realm of physics .

Physics aims to describe the function of everything around us, from the movement of tiny charged particles to the motion of people, cars, and spaceships. In fact, almost everything around you can be described quite accurately by the laws of physics. Consider a smart phone ( Figure 1.3 ). Physics describes how electricity interacts with the various circuits inside the device. This knowledge helps engineers select the appropriate materials and circuit layout when building the smart phone. Next, consider a GPS system. Physics describes the relationship between the speed of an object, the distance over which it travels, and the time it takes to travel that distance. When you use a GPS device in a vehicle, it utilizes these physics equations to determine the travel time from one location to another.

Applications of Physics

You need not be a scientist to use physics. On the contrary, knowledge of physics is useful in everyday situations as well as in nonscientific professions. It can help you understand how microwave ovens work, why metals should not be put into them, and why they might affect pacemakers. (See Figure 1.4 and Figure 1.5 .) Physics allows you to understand the hazards of radiation and rationally evaluate these hazards more easily. Physics also explains the reason why a black car radiator helps remove heat in a car engine, and it explains why a white roof helps keep the inside of a house cool. Similarly, the operation of a car’s ignition system as well as the transmission of electrical signals through our body’s nervous system are much easier to understand when you think about them in terms of basic physics.

Physics is the foundation of many important disciplines and contributes directly to others. Chemistry, for example—since it deals with the interactions of atoms and molecules—is rooted in atomic and molecular physics. Most branches of engineering are applied physics. In architecture, physics is at the heart of structural stability, and is involved in the acoustics, heating, lighting, and cooling of buildings. Parts of geology rely heavily on physics, such as radioactive dating of rocks, earthquake analysis, and heat transfer in the Earth. Some disciplines, such as biophysics and geophysics, are hybrids of physics and other disciplines.

Physics has many applications in the biological sciences. On the microscopic level, it helps describe the properties of cell walls and cell membranes ( Figure 1.6 and Figure 1.7 ). On the macroscopic level, it can explain the heat, work, and power associated with the human body. Physics is involved in medical diagnostics, such as x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonic blood flow measurements. Medical therapy sometimes directly involves physics; for example, cancer radiotherapy uses ionizing radiation. Physics can also explain sensory phenomena, such as how musical instruments make sound, how the eye detects color, and how lasers can transmit information.

It is not necessary to formally study all applications of physics. What is most useful is knowledge of the basic laws of physics and a skill in the analytical methods for applying them. The study of physics also can improve your problem-solving skills. Furthermore, physics has retained the most basic aspects of science, so it is used by all of the sciences, and the study of physics makes other sciences easier to understand.

Models, Theories, and Laws; The Role of Experimentation

The laws of nature are concise descriptions of the universe around us; they are human statements of the underlying laws or rules that all natural processes follow. Such laws are intrinsic to the universe; humans did not create them and so cannot change them. We can only discover and understand them. Their discovery is a very human endeavor, with all the elements of mystery, imagination, struggle, triumph, and disappointment inherent in any creative effort. (See Figure 1.8 and Figure 1.9 .) The cornerstone of discovering natural laws is observation; science must describe the universe as it is, not as we may imagine it to be.

We all are curious to some extent. We look around, make generalizations, and try to understand what we see—for example, we look up and wonder whether one type of cloud signals an oncoming storm. As we become serious about exploring nature, we become more organized and formal in collecting and analyzing data. We attempt greater precision, perform controlled experiments (if we can), and write down ideas about how the data may be organized and unified. We then formulate models, theories, and laws based on the data we have collected and analyzed to generalize and communicate the results of these experiments.

A model is a representation of something that is often too difficult (or impossible) to display directly. While a model is justified with experimental proof, it is only accurate under limited situations. An example is the planetary model of the atom in which electrons are pictured as orbiting the nucleus, analogous to the way planets orbit the Sun. (See Figure 1.10 .) We cannot observe electron orbits directly, but the mental image helps explain the observations we can make, such as the emission of light from hot gases (atomic spectra). Physicists use models for a variety of purposes. For example, models can help physicists analyze a scenario and perform a calculation, or they can be used to represent a situation in the form of a computer simulation. A theory is an explanation for patterns in nature that is supported by scientific evidence and verified multiple times by various groups of researchers. Some theories include models to help visualize phenomena, whereas others do not. Newton’s theory of gravity, for example, does not require a model or mental image, because we can observe the objects directly with our own senses. The kinetic theory of gases, on the other hand, is a model in which a gas is viewed as being composed of atoms and molecules. Atoms and molecules are too small to be observed directly with our senses—thus, we picture them mentally to understand what our instruments tell us about the behavior of gases.

A law uses concise language to describe a generalized pattern in nature that is supported by scientific evidence and repeated experiments. Often, a law can be expressed in the form of a single mathematical equation. Laws and theories are similar in that they are both scientific statements that result from a tested hypothesis and are supported by scientific evidence. However, the designation law is reserved for a concise and very general statement that describes phenomena in nature, such as the law that energy is conserved during any process, or Newton’s second law of motion, which relates force, mass, and acceleration by the simple equation F = m a F = m a size 12{F=ma} {} . A theory, in contrast, is a less concise statement of observed phenomena. For example, the Theory of Evolution and the Theory of Relativity cannot be expressed concisely enough to be considered a law. The biggest difference between a law and a theory is that a theory is much more complex and dynamic. A law describes a single action, whereas a theory explains an entire group of related phenomena. And, whereas a law is a postulate that forms the foundation of the scientific method, a theory is the end result of that process.

Less broadly applicable statements are usually called principles (such as Pascal’s principle, which is applicable only in fluids), but the distinction between laws and principles often is not carefully made.

Models, Theories, and Laws

Models, theories, and laws are used to help scientists analyze the data they have already collected. However, often after a model, theory, or law has been developed, it points scientists toward new discoveries they would not otherwise have made.

The models, theories, and laws we devise sometimes imply the existence of objects or phenomena as yet unobserved. These predictions are remarkable triumphs and tributes to the power of science. It is the underlying order in the universe that enables scientists to make such spectacular predictions. However, if experiment does not verify our predictions, then the theory or law is wrong, no matter how elegant or convenient it is. Laws can never be known with absolute certainty because it is impossible to perform every imaginable experiment in order to confirm a law in every possible scenario. Physicists operate under the assumption that all scientific laws and theories are valid until a counterexample is observed. If a good-quality, verifiable experiment contradicts a well-established law, then the law must be modified or overthrown completely.

The study of science in general and physics in particular is an adventure much like the exploration of uncharted ocean. Discoveries are made; models, theories, and laws are formulated; and the beauty of the physical universe is made more sublime for the insights gained.

The Scientific Method

As scientists inquire and gather information about the world, they follow a process called the scientific method . This process typically begins with an observation and question that the scientist will research. Next, the scientist typically performs some research about the topic and then devises a hypothesis. Then, the scientist will test the hypothesis by performing an experiment. Finally, the scientist analyzes the results of the experiment and draws a conclusion. Note that the scientific method can be applied to many situations that are not limited to science, and this method can be modified to suit the situation.

Consider an example. Let us say that you try to turn on your car, but it will not start. You undoubtedly wonder: Why will the car not start? You can follow a scientific method to answer this question. First off, you may perform some research to determine a variety of reasons why the car will not start. Next, you will state a hypothesis. For example, you may believe that the car is not starting because it has no engine oil. To test this, you open the hood of the car and examine the oil level. You observe that the oil is at an acceptable level, and you thus conclude that the oil level is not contributing to your car issue. To troubleshoot the issue further, you may devise a new hypothesis to test and then repeat the process again.

The Evolution of Natural Philosophy into Modern Physics

Physics was not always a separate and distinct discipline. It remains connected to other sciences to this day. The word physics comes from Greek, meaning nature. The study of nature came to be called “natural philosophy.” From ancient times through the Renaissance, natural philosophy encompassed many fields, including astronomy, biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, and medicine. Over the last few centuries, the growth of knowledge has resulted in ever-increasing specialization and branching of natural philosophy into separate fields, with physics retaining the most basic facets. (See Figure 1.11 , Figure 1.12 , and Figure 1.13 .) Physics as it developed from the Renaissance to the end of the 19th century is called classical physics . It was transformed into modern physics by revolutionary discoveries made starting at the beginning of the 20th century.

Classical physics is not an exact description of the universe, but it is an excellent approximation under the following conditions: Matter must be moving at speeds less than about 1% of the speed of light, the objects dealt with must be large enough to be seen with a microscope, and only weak gravitational fields, such as the field generated by the Earth, can be involved. Because humans live under such circumstances, classical physics seems intuitively reasonable, while many aspects of modern physics seem bizarre. This is why models are so useful in modern physics—they let us conceptualize phenomena we do not ordinarily experience. We can relate to models in human terms and visualize what happens when objects move at high speeds or imagine what objects too small to observe with our senses might be like. For example, we can understand an atom’s properties because we can picture it in our minds, although we have never seen an atom with our eyes. New tools, of course, allow us to better picture phenomena we cannot see. In fact, new instrumentation has allowed us in recent years to actually “picture” the atom.

Limits on the Laws of Classical Physics

For the laws of classical physics to apply, the following criteria must be met: Matter must be moving at speeds less than about 1% of the speed of light, the objects dealt with must be large enough to be seen with a microscope, and only weak gravitational fields (such as the field generated by the Earth) can be involved.

Some of the most spectacular advances in science have been made in modern physics. Many of the laws of classical physics have been modified or rejected, and revolutionary changes in technology, society, and our view of the universe have resulted. Like science fiction, modern physics is filled with fascinating objects beyond our normal experiences, but it has the advantage over science fiction of being very real. Why, then, is the majority of this text devoted to topics of classical physics? There are two main reasons: Classical physics gives an extremely accurate description of the universe under a wide range of everyday circumstances, and knowledge of classical physics is necessary to understand modern physics.

Modern physics itself consists of the two revolutionary theories, relativity and quantum mechanics. These theories deal with the very fast and the very small, respectively. Relativity must be used whenever an object is traveling at greater than about 1% of the speed of light or experiences a strong gravitational field such as that near the Sun. Quantum mechanics must be used for objects smaller than can be seen with a microscope. The combination of these two theories is relativistic quantum mechanics, and it describes the behavior of small objects traveling at high speeds or experiencing a strong gravitational field. Relativistic quantum mechanics is the best universally applicable theory we have. Because of its mathematical complexity, it is used only when necessary, and the other theories are used whenever they will produce sufficiently accurate results. We will find, however, that we can do a great deal of modern physics with the algebra and trigonometry used in this text.

Check Your Understanding

A friend tells you he has learned about a new law of nature. What can you know about the information even before your friend describes the law? How would the information be different if your friend told you he had learned about a scientific theory rather than a law?

Without knowing the details of the law, you can still infer that the information your friend has learned conforms to the requirements of all laws of nature: it will be a concise description of the universe around us; a statement of the underlying rules that all natural processes follow. If the information had been a theory, you would be able to infer that the information will be a large-scale, broadly applicable generalization.

PhET Explorations

Equation grapher.

Learn about graphing polynomials. The shape of the curve changes as the constants are adjusted. View the curves for the individual terms (e.g. y = bx y = bx size 12{y=bx} {} ) to see how they add to generate the polynomial curve.

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Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/1-introduction-to-science-and-the-realm-of-physics-physical-quantities-and-units

• Authors: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
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• Book title: College Physics
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Essays in Physics: Thirty-two thoughtful essays on topics in undergraduate-level physics

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“Essays in Physics” gives accounts of 32 chosen topics. The level is that of a 3–4-year university course in Physics. The topics discussed are diverse but “mainstream”. Each essay aims to say something fresh that complements what the reader will find elsewhere. Just what “fresh” means inevitably depends somewhat on the subject matter. Some chapters give a “different” slant on a familiar idea (e.g. electromagnetic energy, Lorentz transformation, photon emission). Some contain an analysis not available elsewhere (diffraction, feedback stability). Some correct material that is commonplace in many textbooks (much atomic physics). Some add insightful discussion to standard material (free energy, Brillouin zones). One in particular refines technique (perturbation theory). One brings order to confusion (- m d B ). The aim in all cases is to encourage a fuller, and correct, understanding, and an enhanced intellectual acuity (critical faculty). With a subject as mature as physics, it is bold to claim originality. However I will dare to make that claim, in particular for Chapters 10, 22 and 30, but also for parts of most other chapters.

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A List of 240 Physics Topics & Questions to Research

Plates break when you drop them. Glasses help you see better. Have you ever wondered why?

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Physics has the answer. It studies the observable as well as invisible aspects of nature. An essential part of this is examining the structure and interactions of matter.

Are you a high-schooler studying for your exams? Or maybe you need to write an interesting physics paper for your Ph.D. research or college seminar? This article presents a list of the most popular topics in physics for you to choose from.

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🔝 Top 10 Physics Research Topics

✅ branches of physics.

• ⭐ Top 10 Physics Topics
• ⚙️ Mechanics
• 🌡️ Thermodynamics
• ⚡ Electromagnetism
• 🔊 Sounds & Waves
• ☢️ Modern Physics
• 🔋 Physics Project Topics
• 🔭 Astrophysics
• 🌎 Physical Geography
• 🤔 Theoretical Physics
• ⚛️ Quantum Physics

🔍 References

• Modern vs. classical physics
• Gravity method in geophysics
• Why can’t the multiverse be real?
• Nuclear physics vs. quantum physics
• Photonics’ relationship to other fields
• Is electromagnetism the strongest force?
• What would extra dimensions look like?
• The importance of kinematics in real life
• Is string theory a generalization of quantum field theory?
• The difference between liquid pressure and air pressure

Now: before writing about physics you should know about its main branches. These are classical and modern . Let’s take a closer look:

• Mechanics , which is concerned with motion. Two of its essential aspects are kinematics and dynamics.
• Optics helps us understand the properties of light.
• Another branch investigates waves and sound . It studies the way they travel and how they are produced.
• Thermodynamics deals with heat and motion. One of its key concepts is entropy.
• Electromagnetism studies the interactions between charged particles. It also deals with the forces and fields that surround them.
• Finally, physical geographers observe our Earth’s physical features. These include environmental processes and patterns.
• Atomic physics , which examines the structure and behavior of atoms.
• Nuclear physics investigates the nucleus of atoms. This branch often deals with radioactivity.
• Scientists working in quantum physics concentrate on the erratic behavior of waves and particles.
• Relativity can be general and special. Special relativity deals with time and motion. General relativity describes gravity as an alteration of spacetime caused by massive objects.
• Cosmology and astrophysics explore the properties of celestial bodies. Cosmologists strive to comprehend the universe on a larger scale.
• Mesoscopic physics covers the scale between macroscopic and microscopic.

You can talk about any of these branches in your essay. Keep in mind that this division is a basic outline. Strictly speaking, everything that happens around you is physics! Now, we’re all set to move on to our physics paper topics.

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⭐ Top 10 Physics Topics 2024

• Biophysics vs. biochemistry
• The future of nano-physics
• The use of perturbation theory
• Possible cause of baryogenesis
• Solid-state vs. condensed matter physics
• Why is the quark model introduced?
• The importance of plasma in physics
• Statistical mechanics vs. statistical physics
• Ways to calculate electronic structure
• Difference between matter and dark matter

🧲 Classical Physics Topics to Write About

Classical physics deals with energy, force, and motion. You encounter this kind of physics in everyday life. Below, we’ve compiled a list with compelling prompts you’ll recognize from your physics class:

⚙️ Mechanics Essay Topics

• What does Newton’s laws of motion state?
• How do ships stay afloat?
• Equipartition: for what systems does it not hold?
• What does Bernoulli’s principle state about fluids?
• Surface tension: what causes it?
• How does buoyancy work?
• An overview of the molecular origins of viscosity.
• The equipartition theorem: how does it connect a system’s temperature to its energies?
• The benefits of the continuum assumption.
• Contrast the different types of forces.
• Explain the term “momentum.”
• Kinematics: describing the relationships of objects in constrained motion.
• What causes objects to oscillate?

🌡️ Thermodynamics Paper Topics

• Thermodynamics as a kinetic theory of matter.
• What is entropy?
• Describe the three types of thermodynamic processes.
• The Carnot heat engine as part of a thermodynamic cycle.

• Perpetual motion: is it possible or not?
• Investigate fire in terms of chemistry and thermodynamics.

⚡ Electromagnetism Topics to Research

• Examine the connection between electric potential and electric field.
• What makes an excellent conduit?
• How does a dielectric impact a capacitor?
• Contrast current, resistance, and power.
• How do magnetic fields relate to electricity?
• Explain inductance. What causes it?
• How do induction stoves work?

🔊 Essay Topics on Sounds & Waves

• Sound waves: how do they travel?
• Describe the two types of mechanical waves.
• What are electromagnetic waves used for?
• The difference between interference and diffraction.
• Music and vibrations: the properties of sound.

👓 Optics Topics to Write About

• How does reflection work?
• What happens when an object absorbs light?
• Why does light break into a rainbow?
• Lasers: what do we use them for?
• What causes Aurora Borealis?
• Photography: what happens when you change the aperture?
• Explain what influences the colors of sunsets.
• Fata Morgana mirages: where do they originate from?
• What is the Novaya Zemlya effect?

☢️ Modern Physics Topics for a Paper

The world of modern physics shifts away from its more tangible origins. It deals with atoms and even smaller particles. Nuclear, atomic, and quantum physics belong to this category. One of the central problems of modern physics is redefining the concept of gravity.

• Relativity: a discovery that turned our understanding of physics upside down.
• An overview of 20th century physics.
• The ultraviolet catastrophe and how it was solved.
• What happens to the energy entering an ideal blackbody?
• The photoelectric effect: creating current with light.
• Why did the classical lightwave model become outdated?
• How do night vision devices work?
• The production of x-rays.
• Explain why the charge of electrons is quantized.
• How does the kinetic energy of an electron relate to the light’s frequency and intensity?
• Describe the photon model of the Compton Scattering.
• How do you identify an element using its line spectra?
• Cold Fusion: how likely is it?
• Explain the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
• Electron shells and atomic orbitals: properties of electrons.
• What causes peaks in the x-ray spectrum?
• How do you calculate radioactive decay?
• Carbon dating: how accurate is it?
• The discovery of radioactivity.
• What holds electronic nuclei together?
• Nuclear Fusion: will it ever be possible?
• Describe the types of elemental transmutation.
• Applications of nuclear fission.
• Virtual particles: how do they come into existence?

• Nucleosynthesis: creating atomic nuclei.
• How do you dope a semiconductor using ion implantation?
• What are the magic numbers?
• Superheavy primordial elements: the history of unbihexium.
• Predictions surrounding the island of stability.
• How does a computer tomography work?

🔋 Physics Project Topics for a Science Fair

What’s the most fun part of every natural science? If you said “experiments,” you guessed it! Everybody can enjoy creating rainbows or exploring the effects of magnets. Your next physics project will be as fascinating as you want it to be with these exciting ideas!

• Build a kaleidoscope and learn how it works.
• Investigate the centripetal force with the help of gelatin and marbles.
• Make a potato battery.
• Construct an elevator system.
• Prove Newton’s laws of motion by placing objects of different weights in a moving elevator.
• Learn how a telescope works. Then build one from scratch.
• Levitate small objects using ultrasound.
• Measure how fast a body in free fall accelerates.
• Find out what causes a capacitor to charge and discharge over time.
• Measure how light intensity changes through several polarizing filters.
• Observe how sound waves change under altered atmospheric conditions.
• Find out how a superheated object is affected by its container.
• Determine the mathematics behind a piece of classical music.
• Replicate an oil spill and search for the best way to clean it up.
• What makes a circular toy easy to spin? Experiment by spinning hula hoops of different sizes.
• Make DNA visible. What happens if you use different sources of plant-based DNA?
• Charge your phone with a handmade solar cell.
• Find out what properties an object needs to stay afloat.
• Create music by rubbing your finger against the rim of a glass. Experiment with several glasses filled with different amounts of water.
• Compare the free-fall speed of a Lego figure using various parachutes.
• Experiment with BEC to understand quantum mechanics.
• Make a windmill and describe how it works.
• Build an automatic light circuit using a laser.
• How do concave and convex mirrors affect your reflection?
• Investigate how pressure and temperature influence the air volume.
• Determine the conductivity of different fluids.
• Learn about the evolution of the universe by measuring electromagnetic radiation.
• Capture charged particles in an ion trap.
• Build a rocket car using a balloon.
• Experiment with pendulums and double pendulums. How do they work?

🔭 Astrophysics Topics for a Research Paper

Astrophysicists, astronomers, and cosmologists observe what happens in space. Astronomy examines celestial bodies, while astrophysics describes their mechanics. At the same time, cosmology attempts to comprehend the universe as a whole.

• Explain when a celestial body is called a planet.
• Dark energy and dark matter: how do they affect the expansion of the universe?
• The cosmic microwave background: investigating the birth of the universe.
• What are the possible explanations for the expansion of the universe?
• Evidence for the existence of dark matter.
• The discovery of gravitational waves: consequences and implications.
• Explore the history of LIGO.
• How did scientists observe a black hole?
• The origins of light.
• Compare the types of stars.
• Radioactivity in space: what is it made of?
• What do we know about stellar evolution?
• Rotations of the Milky Way.
• Write an overview of recent developments in astrophysics.
• Investigate the origin of moons.
• How do we choose names for constellations?
• What are black holes?
• How does radiative transfer work in space?
• What does our solar system consist of?
• Describe the properties of a star vs. a moon.

• What makes binary stars special?
• Gamma-ray bursts: how much energy do they produce?
• What causes supernovae?
• Compare the types of galaxies.
• Neutron stars and pulsars: how do they differ?
• The connection between stars and their colors.
• What are quasars?
• Curved space: is there enough evidence to support the theory?
• What produces x-rays in space?
• Exoplanets: what do we know about them?

🌎 Physical Geography Topics to Write About

Physical geographers explore the beauty of our Earth. Their physical knowledge helps them explain how nature works. What causes climate change? Where do our seasons come from? What happens in the ocean? These are the questions physical geographers seek to answer.

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• What creates rainbows?
• How do glaciers form?
• The geographical properties of capes.
• What causes landslides?
• An overview of the types of erosion.
• What makes Oceania’s flora unique?
• Reefs: why are they important?
• Why is there a desert in the middle of Siberia?
• The geography of the Namibian desert.
• Explain the water cycle.
• How do you measure the length of a river?
• The Gulf Stream and its influence on the European climate.
• Why is the sky blue?
• What creates waves?
• How do marshes form?
• Investigate the causes of riptides.
• The Three Gorges Dam: how was it built?
• Explain the phenomenon of Green Sahara.
• The consequences of freshwater pollution.
• What are the properties of coastal plains?
• Why is the Atacama Desert the driest place on Earth?
• How does a high altitude affect vegetation?
• Atmospheric changes over the past 100 years.
• Predicting earthquakes: a comparison of different methods.
• What causes avalanches?
• Seasons: where do they come from?
• The Baltic and the Northern Seas meeting phenomenon.
• The geographical properties of the Altai Mountains.
• How do the steppes form?
• Why are some water bodies saltier than others?

🤔 Theoretical Physics Topics to Research

Math fans, this section is for you. Theoretical physics is all about equations. Research in this area goes into the development of mathematical and computer models. Plus, theoretical physicists try to construct theories for phenomena that currently can’t be explained experimentally.

• What does the Feynman diagram describe?
• How is QFT used to model quasiparticles?
• String theory: is it a theory of everything?
• The paradoxical effects of time travel.
• Monstrous moonshine: how does it connect to string theory?
• Mirror symmetry and Calabi-Yau manifolds: how are they used in physics?
• Understanding the relationship between gravity and BF theories.
• Compare the types of Gauge theories.

• Applications of TQFT in condensed matter physics.
• Examine the properties of fields with arbitrary spin.
• How do quarks and gluons interact with each other?
• What predictions does quantum field theory make for curved spacetime?
• How do technicolor theories explain electroweak gauge symmetry breaking?
• Quantum gravity: a comparison of approaches.
• How does LQG address the structure of space?
• An introduction into the motivation behind the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
• What does the M-theory state?
• What does the Ising model say about ferromagnetism?
• Compare the thermodynamic Debye model with the Einstein model.
• How does the kinetic theory describe the macroscopic properties of gases?
• Understanding the behavior of waves and particles: scattering theory.
• What was the luminiferous aether assumption needed for?
• The Standard Model of particles: why is it not a full theory of fundamental interactions?
• Investigate supersymmetry.
• Physical cosmology: measuring the universe.
• Describe the black hole thermodynamics.
• Pancomputationalism: what is it about?
• Skepticism concerning the E8 theory.
• Explain the conservation of angular momentum.
• What does the dynamo theory say about celestial bodies?

⚛️ Quantum Physics Topics for Essays & Papers

First and foremost, quantum physics is very confusing. In quantum physics, an object is not just in a specific place. It merely has the probability to be in one place or another. Light travels in particles, and matter can be a wave. Throw physics as you know it overboard. In this world, you can never be sure what and where things really are.

• How did the Schrödinger Equation advance quantum physics?
• Describe the six types of quarks.
• Contrast the four quantum numbers.
• What kinds of elementary particles exist?
• Probability density: finding electrons.
• How do you split an atom using quantum mechanics?
• When is an energy level degenerate?
• Quantum entanglement: how does it affect particles?
• The double-slit experiment: what does it prove?
• What causes a wave function to collapse?
• Explore the history of quantum mechanics.
• What are quasiparticles?
• The Higgs mechanism: explaining the mass of bosons.
• Quantum mechanical implications of the EPR paradox.
• What causes explicit vs. spontaneous symmetry breaking?
• Discuss the importance of the observer.
• What makes gravity a complicated subject?
• Can quantum mechanical theories accurately depict the real world?
• Describe the four types of exchange particles.
• What are the major problems surrounding quantum physics?
• What does Bell’s theorem prove?
• How do bubble chambers work?
• Understanding quantum mechanics: the Copenhagen interpretation.
• Will teleportation ever be possible on a large scale?
• The applications of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.
• Wave packets: how do you localize them?
• How do you process quantum information?
• What does the Fourier transform do?
• The importance of Planck’s constant.
• Matter as waves: the Heisenberg-Schrödinger atom model.

We hope you’ve found a great topic for your best physics paper. Good luck with your assignment!

You might also be interested in:

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How to Write the Academic Subject UC Essay

This article was written based on the information and opinions presented by Vinay Bhaskara in a CollegeVine livestream. You can watch the full livestream for more info.

What’s Covered:

Choose your academic subject strategically, how to structure your essay, focus on the process over accomplishments, notice overlaps with other essays.

The sixth University of California personal insight question (PIQ) asks students to respond to the following prompt: 

Think about an academic subject that inspires you. Describe how you have furthered this interest inside and/or outside of the classroom. (350 words)

In this article, we will discuss choosing your academic subject, structuring your essay, and strategies to avoid common pitfalls. 

For more information on University of California’s other supplemental essays and writing dos and don’ts, check out our posts on how to write University of California essays and on great University of California essay examples

Think Beyond the “Headline Subject”

The first step when approaching this essay is to choose an academic subject to write about. Instead of choosing a more general “headline subject,” like physics, history or calculus, try to dig deeper and select a more nuanced, specific topic within a discipline.

Doing this allows you to show off that you are genuinely passionate about the subject you choose, and that you truly know it. This will help you stand out among the students who chose more general, common academic subject essays.

For example, if economics is the headline subject that you are interested in, you could explore sub-disciplines like econometrics, which is a mixture of economics and statistics, or monetary policy, which focuses on how the federal reserve affects the economy. To go even deeper, you could write about a hyper-specific concept like Okun’s Law, which explains the relationship between unemployment and economic growth.

Connect It to Your Intended Major

As you consider topics, keep in mind that the academic subject you choose should align with your intended major. 

While the topic does not have to be exactly the same as your intended major, it should connect in some way. For example, if you are applying as an engineering major, writing about a science or math subject will be beneficial to your application.

This essay is a great opportunity to elaborate on your intellectual interests and passions, and by doing so you help the admissions committee understand the type of person and student you are. 

Discuss Why You Find the Subject Interesting

After you choose your academic subject, the next step is to determine the structure of your essay. It is important to discuss why you find that subject appealing and interesting, and the steps you have taken to learn more about it.

Let’s continue using economics as an example. If you decide to write about Okun’s Law, you could write a story about how you became interested in learning more about it. Maybe your excitement about Okun’s Law took you down a road of discovery where you found some economics blogs that you really liked, which in turn crystallized your passion for economics and ultimately led to your habit of reading economic news for an hour each day.

An essay like that is much stronger than a simple response, such as, “I like economics, and I’ve studied it by looking at blogs.” While both essays have the same ultimate endpoint and share that you have independently studied economics through blogs, the example above approaches this prompt in a much more interesting and memorable way. 

Think Outside the Classroom

Often, the best essays for this prompt tend to focus on things that students do outside the classroom, as opposed to inside the classroom. 

While the prompt states that you can write about either, essays about exploring academic topics inside the classroom are most common. Choosing to write about how you have pursued your academic interest outside of the classroom can help your essay stand out and keep readers engaged. It also highlights how you take the initiative to learn more about, and be involved with, your academic passions outside of the classroom. Admissions officers are always looking for students with the drive and desire to learn new things, so this is a great opportunity for you to showcase this side of yourself.

Keep It Interesting

Because this prompt is so academically focused, students can sometimes end up writing essays that are too academic or dry by focusing on the concepts too heavily or relying on complex jargon. 

While it is helpful to include details that demonstrate your knowledge of a subject and keep your reader engaged, it is most important to focus on why you enjoy the subject and how it impacts your personality or mindset.

A common pitfall with this essay prompt is for students to talk mostly about their accomplishments related to a particular academic subject, like getting a strong grade in a class or winning an academic competition. 

While this information can be useful, it highlights an outcome rather than showing the reader what you actually did to develop your expertise in that subject. 

Instead, it is better to focus on the process by which you pursue the subject, learn more about it, and explore your passion and your interests. 

This PIQ prompt shares some similarities with other college essays, including Common App Prompt #6 , which reads “Describe a topic, idea, or concept you find so engaging that it makes you lose all track of time. Why does it captivate you? What or who do you turn to when you want to learn more?”

While these two essays are similar, they are not exactly the same. If you choose to reuse part or all of a Common App Prompt #6 essay for PIQ #6, make sure to adjust it accordingly so that your essay still authentically responds to the prompt.

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Extended Essay Writers

How to Write a Physics Extended Essay? A Guide for IB Students

Luke MacQuoid

In my years of experience as an IB writer, I’ve come to appreciate the nuances and depth of the Physics extended essay. It is an opportunity for IB students to showcase their knowledge and passion for this subject.

Today, I’d like to share my insights and help guide you on how to write a compelling and well-structured Physics extended essay .

Understanding the Physics Extended Essay Requirements

According to general IB criteria, this work has specific guidelines that students must adhere to, ensuring they remain within the Physics extended essay requirements:

• Ensure your topic is rooted in Physics. It should focus on experimental work, though some theoretical essays are acceptable if they tackle unconventional issues.
• While the word limit for the essay is 4,000 words, I’ve often observed that the most impactful papers are concise and straight to the point.
• A well-defined research question is at the heart of every essay. Ensure it’s precise and relevant to the Physics extended essay topics you’re considering.
• If you’re leaning towards an experimental Physics extended essay, remember that your experiments should be replicable. They should also provide insights that can be extrapolated to real-world scenarios.

In conclusion, while the Physics extended essay might seem like a mountain to climb, it’s achievable with the proper guidance and a clear understanding of the requirements.

Choosing the Right Topic for Your Physics Extended Essay

Often, students ask me about the best Physics extended essay topics. I think choosing an option that truly resonates with your interests but also aligns with IB’s expectations is essential. It brings me to the specifics of the IB extended essay Physics topics , which get into detailed research scopes and can challenge your analytical skills.

Possible Extended Essay Topics in IB Physics

So, what are the possible extended essay topics in IB Physics ? Here are a few options for you to consider:

• The Physics of Black Holes.
• Quantum Entanglement and its Implications.
• The Effects of Material and Thickness on Solar Cell Efficiency.
• The Acoustic Properties of Different Woods.
• Relativity in Modern GPS Systems.
• The Physics Behind Magnetic Levitation Trains.
• Fluid Dynamics in Sports.
• The Correlation Between Altitude and Boiling Points of Liquids.
• Thermoelectric Materials and their Potential in Waste Heat Recovery.
• The Harmonics of String Instruments.

Think of areas in Physics that intrigue you: Quantum mechanics? AstroPhysics? Thermodynamics? The options are numerous, but the best topics align with your passion and the IB’s expectations.

Experimental Physics Extended Essay vs. Theoretical: What’s the Difference?

Ah, the age-old debate: Experimental or Theoretical? From my experience, this decision can make or break your essay. So, let’s break it down.

• Experimental Physics . In essence, this approach is hands-on. It’s about setting up experiments, recording observations, and making inferences. If you enjoy the tangible aspects of Physics and don’t mind getting your hands dirty, this might be your calling.
• Theoretical Physics . Now, this is where things get abstract. Theoretical Physics deepens into concepts, relying heavily on mathematical models and predictions. It’s less about “doing” and more about “thinking”. If abstract ideas and critical thinking excite you, this path might be the one for you.

In conclusion, always remember to stay true to your passions while adhering to the set standards. From what I know, the path might seem challenging, but the sense of accomplishment at the end is unparalleled!

IB Physics Extended Essay: What Resources You Can Use

Taping into many resources is critical to strengthen your research and arguments. Here’s a comprehensive list that can guide you through this venture:

• Primary Textbooks . These are the backbone of your foundational knowledge. But don’t just stick to your coursebook. Check advanced-level Physics textbooks for deeper insights.
• Academic Journals . Google Scholar , JSTOR , and the American Physical Society’s journals offer up-to-date research findings and specialized knowledge.
• University Libraries . Many institutions allow the public, especially students, access to their libraries. They can be gold mines for specialized books and research papers.
• Online Platforms & Databases . You can use arXiv — a free distribution service and archive for preprints. NASA AstroPhysics Data System is also a perfect digital library portal for researchers in astronomy and Physics.
• Research Institutions & Laboratories . Some institutes allow students to access their data or even conduct experiments. Examples are CERN, Fermilab, or local universities with robust Physics departments.
• Educational Websites . Websites like Khan Academy or The Physics Classroom can elucidate complex topics.
• Software & Simulation Tools . Use COMSOL MultiPhysics for modeling and simulating experiments. PhET Interactive Simulations offers free interactive math and science simulations.
• Expert Interviews . Engaging with Physics professors, researchers, or professionals can offer unique insights. They might also point you to niche resources.
• Seminars & Workshops . Attend these, especially ones that align with your essay topic. They offer cutting-edge insights and networking opportunities.
• Your School’s Resources . Think about your school’s lab equipment, library, and, most importantly, your Physics teacher!
• Peer-Reviewed Conferences . Look for published proceedings for the latest in Physics research.
• Popular Science Books & Magazines . These can be used sparingly for general context or simply explaining complex concepts. Magazines like Scientific American or Physics Today might be helpful.

According to general IB criteria, while it’s essential to gather as much information as possible, always ensure the credibility of your sources. Cross-reference data and opt for primary over secondary sources.

The Structure of the Physics Extended Essay

Structuring your paper can make all the difference. Let’s discuss all parts of the Physics extended essay to ensure clarity and coherence.

1. The Informative Abstract

Venturing forward, you’d step into the abstract. Think of this as your elevator pitch, where you have around 300 words to present the crux of your research. Start by briefly explaining the purpose of your essay.

2. The All-Important Introduction

The introduction is your gateway to captivate the reader. Set the stage by introducing your topic and providing context. Why is it important? What real-world implications does it have? How does it tie into the larger world of Physics?

3. Methodology and Approach

Detail out the methods you’ve employed. Clarity is vital, whether it’s an experimental setup or a theoretical analysis. Describe your approach, any equipment used, variables considered, and how you collected data.

4. To the Body

It’s the heart of your essay. Analyze your findings, relate them to existing theories, and critically evaluate any discrepancies or anomalies. Break down complex concepts, ensuring they’re accessible to the reader. Use diagrams, graphs, or tables if they aid in understanding.

5. Conclusions and Reflections

Summarize your findings, reiterating their significance in the broader context of Physics. Reflect upon the entire research process, discussing your challenges and what you learned from them. Highlight potential areas for further research or unanswered questions that arose.

6. References and Bibliography

Every piece of information, data, or idea that isn’t original to you needs to be cited. Adhere to the citation style preferred by the IB and ensure consistency throughout.

Need help with your IB extended essay?

From research and analysis to structuring and editing, our skilled mentors will be by your side, helping you craft an exceptional extended essay that not only meets the wordcount and stringent IB criteria but also reflects your passion for selected IB group .

Writing the Perfect Experimental Physics Extended Essay

Ah, the realm of experimental Physics extended essay. Many students assume this is the most challenging assignment , but this is only sometimes the case. With the right approach, you can quickly reveal your topic and get the highest grade, so do not be afraid to experiment.

What Makes an Experimental Physics Extended Essay Stand Out?

Based on my experience, the most outstanding essays consistently demonstrate these characteristics:

• They don’t just regurgitate known facts. They take risks, push novel ideas, or offer a fresh perspective on classic experiments.
• It’s not just about noting observations but explaining why specific results were obtained, possibly linking to underlying Physics principles.
• A standout essay meticulously details the experiment setup, ensuring reproducibility. Every step, from equipment calibration to data collection, is clearly articulated.
• Beyond presenting results, these essays interpret data critically, drawing meaningful conclusions and suggesting further research areas.

Remember that the best essays often link findings to real-world applications or implications, showing a broader understanding of Physics in our daily lives.

Tips for a Successful Physics Extended Essay

Throughout my path as an IB tutor, I’ve picked up a few tricks of the trade that I believe can improve any paper:

• Start Early . Physics, being a comprehensive subject, demands time for research, experimentation (if you’re doing an experimental essay), and analysis.
• Pick a Manageable Topic . Getting into highly complex areas is tempting, but remember that depth trumps breadth. 
• Align with Your Interests . Your enthusiasm will shine through in your writing. Choose a topic you’re genuinely curious about. 
• Prioritize Your Research Question . It should be clear, focused, and researchable within the word limit. Avoid overly broad or vague questions.
• Use Varied Resources . While textbooks are a good starting point, venture into academic journals, online databases, and expert interviews to gather diverse insights.
• Stick to the IB Rubric . Familiarize yourself with the IB Physics extended essay criteria . This rubric will be your guiding light, ensuring you hit all the necessary points.
• Draft, Revise, Repeat . Your first draft is unlikely to be your final one. Write, take a break, return with fresh eyes, revise, and repeat the cycle.
• Maintain Academic Integrity . Cite all sources diligently. Plagiarism is a strict no-no in the IB world.
• Understand the Theory . Even if you’re focusing on an experiment, grounding your observations in theoretical concepts is crucial. It shows a holistic understanding of the topic.
• Maintain a Consistent Structure . Introduction, research question, body, analysis, conclusion, and references — maintaining this flow aids in readability and coherence.

Over the years, I’ve seen students get lost in the vastness of their chosen subjects, but with a straightforward question, you can remain focused. Lastly, avoid straying from the IB extended essay Physics guidelines. They’re there for a reason, and adhering to them can significantly boost your score.

So, writing the Physics extended essay is no small feat, but with the right approach and a sprinkle of dedication, it’s an enriching experience. Follow the guidelines, choose your topic wisely, and structure your essay well, and you’ll be on the path to success. Best of luck to you!

Luke MacQuoid has extensive experience teaching English as a foreign language in Japan, having worked with students of all ages for over 12 years. Currently, he is teaching at the tertiary level. Luke holds a BA from the University of Sussex and an MA in TESOL from Lancaster University, both located in England. As well to his work as an IB Examiner and Master Tutor, Luke also enjoys sharing his experiences and insights with others through writing articles for various websites, including extendedessaywriters.com blog

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IB Physics EE examples

Filter exemplars, fluid’s density effect on falling objects, how is the lift at various angles of attack affected by flap deflection angles, want to get full marks for your ee allow us to review it for you 🎯, what effect does the difference in radius at the top and bottom of the roller coaster loop have on the maximum change in g-force that a passenger experiences, what is the relationship between the height of the siphon and the flow velocity out of the siphon, how does the total energy supplied during ultrasonic cavitation of benzene affect the integrated photoluminescence intensity and quantum yield of graphene quantum dots (gqds), fast track your coursework with mark schemes moderated by ib examiners. upgrade now 🚀, how does increasing the angle of a simple pendulum affect its time period, how do changes in viscosity of fluid affect the speed and amplitude of surface waves that are generated by an impact of spherical object, how do the angular momentum and orbital velocity affect the eccentricities of planetary orbits, how does the velocity of a bicycle on a flat horizontal surface affect its stability, investigación sobre el movimiento giroscópico de una peonza y su estabilidad dependiendo de la velocidad de rotación., what effect do mass, radius and length have on the moment of inertia of a cylinder being rotated about its central diameter, what is the critical reynolds number for water flow through a pipe, can the relationship between drag and velocity, r=bv^2, be proved experimentally by finding the constant of proportionality (25/34), can the technology currently under development for wireless power transfer provide a viable and efficient method for delivering electrical power to a wide range of home and industrial applications, “how does the length of a u folded metallic chain with one end fixed affect the time taken for it to unfold under the influence of gravity”, quel est l'effet de la masse et de la pression initiale sur la portée d'une fusée à eau, can we validate the conclusions from the 1919 dyson & eddington total solar eclipse expedition through data analysis of succeeding total eclipse expeditions, how does the phase of argon crystal (density, volume, length and msd) change as the crystal is monotonically heated in the temperature range from 50 to 150 kelvins, to what extent does the bend radius of a silicone tube affect the loss in light intensity for different incoming wavelengths, to what extent do cloud chambers effectively display subatomic particles and the fundamental interactions in the surrounding environment, what is the relationship between the critical air speed required to blow a bubble and the radius of the wand forming it, how does altering the curvature of an aircraft wing function to reduce aerodynamic drag and thus aircraft greenhouse emissions, what is the effect of manipulating the coefficient ’a’ of the parabolic function ax2 on the intensity of the light reflecting off a parabolic object, emitted from set different angles (0°, 15°, and 30°), how does strain rate affect the true stress and true strain of aluminium, steel and polystyrene subject to uniaxial tension, an investigation into the physics of toroidal banked turns, ee physics - what are the requirements for an underwater structure to maintain its structural integrity, to what extent does the backward motion of a human foot impacts the rebound distance of a soccer ball after they collide, how does the maximum height that the water rocket can reach change with the variation of the initially filled amount of water, evidence for the existence of dark matter, when powering a home-built bobbin- tractor, how does the stored energy of a rubber band change depending on the number of twists and the number of elastic bands used, the relationship between the salinity of water and the refractive index of water, what is the effect of inclination of open drainage channels on the rate of flow of water and silt-retention in channels, investigating the effect of changing the distance between the magnets (distance between the stages in a gaussian gun) and the velocity of the ejected metal marble., to what extent do the properties of delta cephei compare to those of the sun.

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Essay: Exploring the Physics of Basic Medical Research

Vahid Sandoghdar

Phys. Rev. Lett. 132 , 090001 – Published 26 February 2024

• No Citing Articles
• Introduction.—
• Some trends at the interface between…
• Physics and medicine.—
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The 20th century witnessed the emergence of many paradigm-shifting technologies from the physics community, which have revolutionized medical diagnostics and patient care. However, fundamental medical research has been mostly guided by methods from areas such as cell biology, biochemistry, and genetics, with fairly small contributions from physicists. In this Essay, I outline some key phenomena in the human body that are based on physical principles and yet govern our health over a vast range of length and time scales. I advocate that research in life sciences can greatly benefit from the methodology, know-how, and mindset of the physics community and that the pursuit of basic research in medicine is compatible with the mission of physics.

Part of a series of Essays that concisely present author visions for the future of their field .

• Received 3 January 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.090001

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society.

Published by the American Physical Society

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Authors & Affiliations

• Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Kußmaulallee 2, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany

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Vol. 132, Iss. 9 — 1 March 2024

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(a) Nanotubes made of proteins such as actin and tubulin serve as a skeleton for shaping the cell and play essential roles in dynamical processes such as cell locomotion and division. Motor proteins acting as nanomachines interact with various nanotubes to mediate force exertion or to transport cargo. Other nanofilamentous structures such as collagen or fibronectin form the extracellular matrix. (b) Cells use various morphological and mechanical mechanisms for the uptake of proteins, vesicles, and viruses. (c) Chip-based platforms exploit microfluidics and micro- and nanomechanical actuation for an efficient realization of biochemical reactions. These lab-on-chip solutions can mimic physiological tissue, e.g., epithelial and endothelial lung tissues under controlled conditions of air and fluid flow.

Length and time scales in nature. (a) On a logarithmic scale, the size of the human body is about midway between subatomic particles and the Milky Way. (b) Let us argue that 1 second is about the smallest timescale that we comfortably feel and that makes a difference in our daily lives. At an estimated age of the order of 10 billion years, the development of the Universe has been 10 1 7 times slower, whereas electronic processes that underlie (bio)chemical reactions can reach subfemtosecond scales, e.g., 10 − 1 6 . From another interesting perspective, we may compare the timescales of the development of pathological diseases (years, 10 7     s ) with the timescale for the encounter of two proteins during diffusion ( 10 − 8     s ). Here, I have assumed a diffusion constant of 1 0 0     μ m 2 / s and a surface area of the order of 1 0     nm 2 for a protein. Such a rough estimate also yields a temporal span of 15 orders of magnitude.

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IB Extended Essay Topics: Physics

Stepping into the International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma program is a significant milestone, and choosing the right Extended Essay topic in Physics can be exciting and daunting. From my years of experience as an IB educator and essay advisor, I’ve seen firsthand how the choice of topic can affect a student’s research. Therefore, in this article, I aim to share insights and ideas on topics for the IB DP Physics Extended Essay.

Understanding the IB Physics Extended Essay

The IB Physics Extended Essay is an independent, self-directed piece of research that culminates in a 4,000-word paper required for the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme.

According to the IB criteria, this significant academic task involves students independently researching a topic that sparks their interest in IB DP Physics. It’s an excellent opportunity to investigate a question that captivates you and apply theoretical concepts to practical situations.

The primary aim is not merely to produce an essay but to engage in an exhaustive study showcasing your grasp of physics and enthusiasm for the subject. Now, let’s consider the following aspects of the IB Physics Extended Essay:

• Scope of Research . It’s essential to select a topic that allows for an in-depth investigation within the constraints of the available resources and the word limit.
• Application of Theory . The essay should demonstrate how physics theories and concepts can be applied to analyze a specific problem or question.
• Methodology . A clear and systematic approach to conducting your research is critical. It involves choosing appropriate methods for data collection and analysis.
• Critical Thinking . Throughout your essay, you should critically evaluate the information, data, and methodologies used.
• Creativity and Originality . Finding innovative ways to approach your topic can set your essay apart. It’s about posing new questions, exploring novel perspectives, or applying theories in unique contexts.
• Structured Argument . Your essay should present a coherent argument supported by evidence, leading the reader through your findings to a logical conclusion.
• Reflection . Reflecting on what you have learned from the research process and how it has affected your understanding of the subject area is a valuable component of the essay.

Remember, the goal is not just to write an essay but to engage in a thorough investigation demonstrating your understanding and passion for the Physics course.

Topics to Read:

• How IB Prepares Students for University?
• Can You Retake the IB Exams? Guide for IB Students
• Stress Management and Well-Being for IB Students
• How to Manage Time Effectively as an IB Student
• The Benefits of Pursuing the IB Diploma Programme
• IB vs. National Curriculum. The Benefits of an International Perspective
• What Are the Average IB Acceptance Rates? Insights from an IB Expert
• What Are the IB Internal Assessment Deadlines for 2024?
• Does an IB Diploma Help with College Admissions?
• How to Make Awesome IB Notes?
• How to Get Into the IB Program? IB Preparation
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Physics Extended Essay Topics and Research Questions

Let’s talk about some potential extended essay topics in Зhysics. Quantum mechanics, with its paradoxes and mysteries, offers a rich vein of questions to explore. Additionally, investigating the principles of relativity in everyday phenomena can provide a relatable yet profound topic. Renewable energy projects are increasingly relevant and offer a plethora of research opportunities. Lastly, the vastness of astrophysics allows for endless curiosity and exploration, from black holes to the cosmic microwave background.

The best topics for an IB Physics Extended Essay allow you to explore areas where you can apply physical principles, theories, and experimental investigations to answer complex questions. Here are some ideas:

• The Effect of Winglet Angles on Aircraft Efficiency . How do variations in winglet angles on a model aircraft wing affect its lift-to-drag ratio during flight?
• Investigating Solar Panel Orientation for Optimal Power Generation . How do different solar panel orientations and angles impact power output in a specific geographic location?
• Analyzing the Efficiency of Magnetic Levitation in Reducing Friction . How does the use of magnetic levitation affect the frictional forces on a miniaturized model of a maglev train?
• The Physics of Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change . How do different carbon dioxide concentrations affect infrared radiation absorption in a controlled environment?
• Exploring the Properties of Non-Newtonian Fluids under Stress . How does the application of varying stress levels affect the viscosity of a non-Newtonian fluid, such as a cornstarch and water mixture?
• The Role of Antenna Design in Enhancing Wireless Communication . How does the design of a DIY antenna affect the strength and range of wireless signals it receives?
• The Impact of Crater Size on Meteorite Impact Simulations . What relationship exists between the size of a projectile and the crater it creates in sand, simulating meteorite impacts?
• Studying the Effects of Temperature on the Elasticity of Rubber Bands . How does changing the temperature affect rubber bands’ elasticity and tensile strength?
• Investigation into the Optimal Conditions for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Efficiency . Under what conditions does a homemade hydrogen fuel cell operate most efficiently in terms of voltage output?
• Analyzing the Effectiveness of Different Types of Insulators in Minimizing Heat Loss . How do various household materials compare to thermal insulators in preventing heat loss from a container?
• The Physics Behind Efficient Bicycle Gear Ratios . How do different gear ratios affect cyclists’ efficiency and energy expenditure under various conditions?
• Exploring the Influence of Mirror Shape on the Focal Point of Solar Collectors . How does altering the shape of reflective mirrors affect the concentration and temperature at the focal point of a solar collector?
• Investigating the Relationship Between Electric Motor Speed and Load . What is the relationship between the load applied to an electric motor and its rotation speed?
• The Effect of Blade Design on Wind Turbine Efficiency . How does the blade design of a model wind turbine affect its power output under controlled wind conditions?
• Studying the Propagation of Sound Waves in Different Mediums . How do sound waves propagate in various mediums, and how does the medium affect the speed and attenuation of sound?
• The Dynamics of Pendulum Motion in Non-Uniform Gravitational Fields . How does the length of a pendulum affect its period in regions with varying gravitational strengths?
• Investigating the Effects of Surface Roughness on Solar Panel Efficiency . How does the surface roughness of photovoltaic solar panels impact their efficiency in converting sunlight to electricity?
• The Physics of Ice Skating: Friction and Temperature . What is the relationship between the ice’s temperature and the friction coefficient encountered by an ice skate?
• Evaluating the Impact of Air Resistance on Projectile Range . How do the shape and size of projectiles affect their range in the presence of air resistance?
• The Efficiency of Piezoelectric Materials in Energy Harvesting . How effective are different piezoelectric materials in generating electricity from mechanical stress?
• Thermal Conductivity and Building Materials: A Comparative Study . How do different building materials compare in terms of thermal conductivity and energy efficiency in a model house?
• The Effect of Altitude on the Boiling Point of Water . How does changing altitude affect the boiling point of water, and what implications does this have for cooking at high elevations?
• Optimizing the Design of a Parabolic Solar Heater . What is the most efficient design for a parabolic solar heater when considering the focal point and surface area?
• The Role of Resonance in Bridge Oscillations: A Historical Analysis . How have instances of resonance-induced oscillations in bridges influenced modern bridge design?
• Investigating the Photoelectric Effect in Different Metals . How does the photoelectric effect vary across different metals, and what does this reveal about their electronic structure?
• The Physics of Musical Instruments: String Tension and Pitch . How does the tension of strings on different musical instruments affect the pitch and quality of the sound produced?
• Exploring the Efficiency of Vertical vs. Horizontal Wind Turbines . Which vertical or horizontal orientation is more efficient for wind turbines in urban settings?
• The Impact of Battery Temperature on Electric Vehicle Performance . How does the operating temperature of batteries affect the performance and range of electric vehicles?
• Studying the Refractive Index of Various Liquids Under Temperature Changes . How does changing the temperature of different liquids affect their refractive index?
• The Physics of Archery: Arrow Dynamics and Material Science . How do an arrow’s material properties and design affect its flight dynamics and accuracy?
• Analyzing the Radiation Shielding Properties of Martian Regolith . Could Martian regolith be effectively used to shield habitats on Mars from radiation?
• The Influence of Magnetic Fields on Plant Growth . How do varying magnetic field strengths affect certain plants’ growth rate and health?
• The Acoustic Properties of Concert Halls . What architectural features contribute most significantly to the acoustic quality of concert halls?
• The Effectiveness of Heat Sinks in Electronic Devices . How do different materials and designs of heat sinks affect the thermal management of electronic devices?
• The Correlation Between Solar Flare Activity and Earth’s Climate . Is there a significant correlation between periods of increased solar flare activity and changes in Earth’s climate patterns?
• The Impact of Wind Turbine Design on Bird Populations . How does the design of wind turbines affect bird mortality rates, and what design modifications can reduce these impacts?
• The Physics of Long-Distance Space Travel: Propulsion Systems . What are the most promising propulsion systems for long-distance space travel, and how do they compare in terms of efficiency and feasibility?

These topics and questions provide a starting point for an in-depth exploration of physical concepts, encouraging critical thinking and problem-solving skills in the context of real-world applications.

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Writing an IB Physics extended essay is both challenging and enjoyable. Choosing a good topic, completing comprehensive research, and writing a well-structured paper may greatly influence your IB Diploma experience. Remember, this is your chance to demonstrate your enthusiasm and knowledge of Physics.

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IB Physics Extended Essay Topics for IB

Table of contents

• Writing Metier

What’s up, IB scholars? You’re about to start writing your IB Physics Extended Essay, and I know you’re searching for that killer topic that’s going to stand out. Well, guess what? I’ve got over 100 extended essay topics and research questions ready for you. 

You do not need to thank me; you better say thank you to our IB writers at Writing Metier , who have invented and forwarded this awesome list to me for submission.

This isn’t just about getting it done; it’s about crushing it with something you’re passionate about.  So let’s get straight to the point and find you Physics EE ideas that will make some noise and show what you’ve got!

100+ Physics Extended Essay Topics

I’m breaking the list into ten categories for IB Physics extended essay topics, each with three subcategories for easier navigation:

• Projectile Motion (e.g., trajectory analysis, range equations, effects of air resistance)
• Circular Motion (e.g., centripetal force in different systems, banking angles, conical pendulums)
• Dynamics of Rigid Bodies (e.g., rotational inertia, torque, angular momentum conservation)
• Thermodynamics
• Heat Transfer (e.g., efficiency of different materials as insulators, rate of cooling, Newton’s law of cooling)
• Gas Laws (e.g., pressure-volume relationship, temperature effects, real vs. ideal gases)
• Phase Changes (e.g., specific heat capacities, latent heat, cooling curves)
• Waves and Oscillations
• Harmonic Motion (e.g., pendulums, mass-spring systems, resonance)
• Wave Properties (e.g., speed of sound in various media, diffraction patterns, polarization)
• Sound and Acoustics (e.g., Doppler effect, sound intensity, acoustic properties of materials)
• Electricity and Magnetism
• Circuit Analysis (e.g., Ohm’s law, series vs. parallel circuits, Kirchhoff’s laws)
• Electromagnetism (e.g., Faraday’s law, magnetic fields around conductors, applications of electromagnets)
• Capacitance and Inductance (e.g., time constants, LC circuits, energy storage)
• Modern Physics
• Quantum Phenomena (e.g., photoelectric effect, electron diffraction, energy levels in atoms)
• Nuclear Physics (e.g., radioactive decay, half-life, nuclear reactions)
• Special Relativity (e.g., time dilation, length contraction, mass-energy equivalence)
• Energy and Power
• Renewable Energy Sources (e.g., efficiency of solar panels, wind turbine performance, biofuels)
• Energy Conversion (e.g., internal combustion engines, thermal power plants, regenerative braking)
• Power Transmission (e.g., electrical grid efficiency, power loss, superconductors)
• Fluid Dynamics
• Aerodynamics (e.g., lift and drag forces, Bernoulli’s principle, airfoil shapes)
• Hydrodynamics (e.g., flow rate, viscosity effects, Reynolds number)
• Buoyancy and Density (e.g., Archimedes’ principle, floating and sinking, density stratification)
• Astrophysics and Cosmology
• Stellar Physics (e.g., Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, star classifications, blackbody radiation)
• Cosmological Models (e.g., Big Bang theory, cosmic microwave background, dark matter)
• Orbital Mechanics (e.g., Kepler’s laws, satellite motion, escape velocity)
• Optics and Light
• Reflection and Refraction (e.g., Snell’s law, critical angle, optical fibers)
• Lens and Mirror Optics (e.g., image formation, focal length, magnification)
• Interference and Diffraction (e.g., double-slit experiment, diffraction gratings, holography)
• Electromagnetic Waves
• Radio and Microwave Radiation (e.g., antenna design, signal propagation, communication systems)
• Infrared and Ultraviolet Light (e.g., thermal imaging, UV radiation effects, spectroscopy)
• X-rays and Gamma Rays (e.g., medical imaging, radiation therapy, nuclear gamma spectroscopy)

Each of these categories and subcategories can be explored through experiments, data analysis, or theoretical investigation, offering a wide range of possibilities for IB students to develop their IB Physics EE topics.

Mechanics Topics and Research Questions

Projectile Motion

Topic:  The effect of launch angle on the range of a projectile.

Research Question:  How does changing the launch angle affect the horizontal distance traveled by a projectile?

Topic:  The impact of air resistance on the trajectory of a projectile.

Research Question:  To what extent does air resistance alter the trajectory of a projectile compared to the idealized motion?

Topic:  The accuracy of range equations in predicting projectile motion.

Research Question:  How accurately do standard range equations predict the motion of a projectile in a controlled environment?

Circular Motion

Topic:  Measuring centripetal force in a rotating system.

Research Question:  How does the centripetal force required for circular motion change with the radius and speed of the rotating object?

Topic:  The physics of banking angles in road design.

Research Question:  What is the optimal banking angle for a curve on a road to maximize friction and safety at a given speed?

Topic:  Investigating the period of a conical pendulum.

Research Question:  How does the length of the string affect the period of oscillation of a conical pendulum?

Dynamics of Rigid Bodies

Topic:  The relationship between rotational inertia and angular acceleration.

Research Question:  How does changing the distribution of mass affect the rotational inertia and angular acceleration of a rigid body?

Topic:  The conservation of angular momentum in a closed system.

Research Question:  How does the angular momentum of a system change when the moment of inertia is altered?

Topic:  The effect of torque on rotational motion.

Research Question:  How does the application of torque affect the rotational motion of a rigid body with a fixed axis?

Mechanics shows us how things move and what affects them, but when we start talking about thermodynamics, we’re dealing with heat and energy. 

It’s like going from watching a ball roll down a hill to understanding why it feels warm to the touch on a sunny day.

Thermodynamics Topics and Research Questions

Heat Transfer

Topic:  Comparing the thermal insulation properties of various materials.

Research Question:  Which material provides the best thermal insulation for a given application, and why?

Topic:  The rate of cooling of a liquid in different environments.

Research Question:  How does the rate of cooling of a hot liquid differ between various environmental conditions?

Topic:  Investigating Newton’s law of cooling.

Research Question:  How closely does the cooling of a warm object follow Newton’s law of cooling in a real-world setting?

Topic:  The pressure-volume relationship of a gas at constant temperature.

Research Question:  How does the volume of a gas change with pressure at a constant temperature, and does it align with Boyle’s law?

Topic:  Temperature effects on the pressure of an enclosed gas.

Research Question:  How does the pressure of a fixed amount of gas change with temperature in a sealed container?

Topic:  Real vs. ideal gases under different conditions.

Research Question:  How do the behaviors of real gases deviate from the predictions of the ideal gas law under high-pressure conditions?

Phase Changes

Topic:  Measuring specific heat capacities of different substances.

Research Question:  How do the specific heat capacities of different substances compare, and what implications does this have for their use in heat storage?

Topic:  The energy involved in the phase change of materials.

Research Question:  How much energy is absorbed or released during the phase change of a substance, and how does this relate to its latent heat?

Topic:  Analyzing cooling curves of substances.

Research Question:  What can the cooling curve of a substance tell us about its phase change properties and purity?

After getting a grip on how heat works, it’s pretty cool to see how that energy gets around. Waves are all about energy transfer, whether it’s the sound from your speakers or the ripples on a pond when you toss a stone.

Waves and Oscillations Topics and Research Questions

Harmonic Motion

Topic:  The period of a simple pendulum.

Research Question:  How does the length of a pendulum affect its period, and does this confirm the theoretical model?

Topic:  The behavior of mass-spring systems.

Research Question:  How do different spring constants affect the oscillation of a mass-spring system?

Topic:  Resonance frequencies in mechanical systems.

Research Question:  At what frequencies do various mechanical systems resonate, and what factors influence this?

Wave Properties

Topic:  Measuring the speed of sound in different media.

Research Question:  How does the speed of sound compare in various gases, and what does this tell us about the properties of those gases?

Topic:  Investigating diffraction patterns through different apertures.

Research Question:  How do diffraction patterns change with the shape and size of apertures?

Topic:  Polarization of light by various materials.

Research Question:  How effectively can different materials polarize light, and what does this indicate about their structure?

Sound and Acoustics

Topic:  The Doppler effect and moving sources.

Research Question:  How does the frequency of a sound wave change as the source moves relative to an observer?

Topic:  Sound intensity levels at different distances.

Research Question:  How does the intensity of sound change with distance from the source, and is it consistent with the inverse square law?

Topic:  Acoustic properties of materials in soundproofing.

Research Question:  Which materials are most effective at soundproofing a room, and how do their acoustic properties contribute to this effectiveness?

Each of these topics can be tailored to fit the requirements of an IB Physics extended essay, with the research question guiding the experimental design, data collection, and analysis.

If you are interested, we also have a list of potential  Physics IA topic ideas  for you. Make sure to check them out as well.

Once you’ve got a handle on waves, you’re ready to see how they relate to electricity and magnetism. It’s like connecting the dots between the vibrations in the air and the current in the wires of your headphones.

Electricity and Magnetism Topics and Research Questions

Circuit Analysis

Topic:  The resistance of series and parallel circuits.

Research Question:  How does the total resistance in a circuit vary with the arrangement of resistors in series and parallel configurations?

Topic:  Verification of Kirchhoff’s laws in complex circuits.

Research Question:  How accurately do Kirchhoff’s laws predict the current and voltage distribution in a multi-loop circuit?

Topic:  The temperature dependence of resistivity in conductors.

Research Question:  How does the resistivity of a metallic conductor change with temperature, and what does this imply about electron scattering?

Electromagnetism

Topic:  Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.

Research Question:  How does the rate of change of magnetic flux influence the induced EMF in a coil?

Topic:  The magnetic field patterns around different conductor configurations.

Research Question:  How do the configurations of conductors affect the shape and strength of the magnetic fields they produce?

Topic:  The efficiency of electromagnets.

Research Question:  What factors determine the lifting power of an electromagnet, and how can its efficiency be maximized?

Capacitance and Inductance

Topic:  Time constants in RC circuits.

Research Question:  How does the capacitance and resistance in an RC circuit affect its charging and discharging time constants?

Topic:  Resonance in LC circuits.

Research Question:  At what conditions does resonance occur in an LC circuit, and how does this affect the circuit’s impedance?

Topic:  Energy storage in capacitors and inductors.

Research Question:  How do capacitors and inductors store energy, and what factors affect their energy storage capacity?

Electricity and magnetism are pretty easy to see in action, but modern physics? That’s where things get wild. You’re not just looking at what’s in front of you anymore; you’re considering what’s happening on a scale so small or so huge that it bends your mind a bit.

Modern Physics Topics and Research Questions

Quantum Phenomena

Topic:  The photoelectric effect and Planck’s constant.

Research Question:  How can the photoelectric effect be used to determine Planck’s constant, and what does this reveal about the nature of light?

Topic:  Electron diffraction and crystal structure.

Research Question:  How does electron diffraction provide evidence for the wave nature of electrons and the structure of crystals?

Topic:  Energy levels in hydrogen atoms.

Research Question:  How do the observed spectral lines of hydrogen correspond to the theoretical energy levels predicted by quantum mechanics?

Nuclear Physics

Topic:  Radioactive decay series.

Research Question:  How does the decay series of a radioactive isotope correspond to theoretical predictions of half-life and decay pathways?

Topic:  The effect of shielding on radiation intensity.

Research Question:  How effective are different materials at shielding against various types of radioactive emissions?

Topic:  Nuclear reaction energy calculations.

Research Question:  How does the measured energy released in a nuclear reaction compare to the values predicted by the mass-energy equivalence principle?

Special Relativity

Topic:  Time dilation observed in cosmic muons.

Research Question:  How does the observed decay rate of cosmic muons provide evidence for time dilation effects predicted by special relativity?

Topic:  Length contraction and high-speed particles.

Research Question:  How can length contraction be demonstrated or inferred from high-speed particle interactions?

Topic:  Mass-energy equivalence in particle physics.

Research Question:  How does the increase in mass of particles at high velocities provide evidence for the mass-energy equivalence principle?

But even with all that mind-bending stuff, physics isn’t just about theory. It’s also about practical stuff, like how we use energy. From solar panels on your roof to the battery in your phone, it’s all about getting the power we need to do what we want.

Energy and Power Topics and Research Questions

Renewable Energy Sources

Topic:  The efficiency of photovoltaic cells under different conditions.

Research Question:  How do factors such as light intensity, wavelength, and temperature affect the efficiency of solar panels?

Topic:  Performance analysis of wind turbines.

Research Question:  How does blade design affect the efficiency and power output of a wind turbine?

Topic:  The viability of biofuels compared to fossil fuels.

Research Question:  How do the energy outputs and carbon footprints of biofuels compare to those of traditional fossil fuels?

Energy Conversion

Topic:  The efficiency of internal combustion engines.

Research Question:  How do variables such as fuel type and engine temperature affect the efficiency of an internal combustion engine?

Topic:  Thermal efficiency of power plants.

Research Question:  What are the main factors that limit the thermal efficiency of modern thermal power plants?

Topic:  The effectiveness of regenerative braking systems.

Research Question:  How much energy can regenerative braking systems realistically recover during vehicle deceleration?

Power Transmission

Topic:  Electrical grid efficiency and power loss.

Research Question:  How does the distance and cross-sectional area of transmission lines affect power loss in an electrical grid?

Topic:  The potential of superconductors in power transmission.

Research Question:  What are the challenges and potential benefits of using superconductors for power transmission?

Topic:  The impact of load balancing on power grid stability.

Research Question:  How does load balancing affect the stability and efficiency of a power grid?

These topics and research questions are designed to inspire a range of investigations for the Physics Extended Essay, allowing students to delve into both experimental and theoretical aspects of physics.

And speaking of practical, fluid dynamics is all about understanding how liquids and gases move. It’s like figuring out why blowing over a hot soup cools it down or how an airplane stays up in the sky.

Fluid Dynamics Topics and Research Questions

Aerodynamics

Topic:  The effect of airfoil shape on lift generation.

Research Question:  How does altering the curvature and angle of an airfoil affect its lift and drag forces?

Topic:  Application of Bernoulli’s principle to various wing designs.

Research Question:  How do different wing designs in aircraft utilize Bernoulli’s principle to achieve lift?

Topic:  Drag force comparison on streamlined vs. bluff bodies.

Research Question:  How does the shape of an object affect the drag force experienced at different flow velocities?

Hydrodynamics

Topic:  The relationship between flow rate and pipe diameter in fluid dynamics.

Research Question:  How does changing the diameter of a pipe affect the flow rate of a fluid within it, given a constant pressure difference?

Topic:  Viscosity effects on fluid flow in channels.

Research Question:  How does the viscosity of a fluid influence its flow characteristics in narrow channels?

Topic:  Analysis of Reynolds number in predicting fluid flow regimes.

Research Question:  How does the Reynolds number determine the transition from laminar to turbulent flow in a pipe?

Buoyancy and Density

Topic:  Investigating Archimedes’ principle for irregularly shaped objects.

Research Question:  How accurately does Archimedes’ principle predict the buoyant force on objects with complex shapes?

Topic:  The stability of floating bodies and the concept of metacentric height.

Research Question:  How does the distribution of mass affect the stability of a floating vessel?

Topic:  Density stratification in fluids and its impact on layered flow.

Research Question:  How does density stratification affect the movement and mixing of different fluid layers?

From there, it’s a big leap to astrophysics and cosmology—literally. You go from studying the flow of air around a plane to the flow of galaxies in space. It’s about seeing the bigger picture and our place in it.

If you need Physics paper writing help , we have a separate team of experts who can handle almost any tasks.

Astrophysics and Cosmology Topics and Research Questions

Stellar Physics

Topic:  Analyzing the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for star clusters.

Research Question:  What can the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram reveal about the age and composition of a star cluster?

Topic:  Classification and analysis of star spectra.

Research Question:  How does the classification of stellar spectra correlate with a star’s temperature, luminosity, and lifecycle stage?

Topic:  Investigating blackbody radiation in stars.

Research Question:  How well does the blackbody radiation model fit the observed spectral energy distribution of stars?

Cosmological Models

Topic:  Evidence for the Big Bang theory from cosmic microwave background radiation.

Research Question:  What does the cosmic microwave background radiation tell us about the origins and evolution of the universe?

Topic:  The role of dark matter in galaxy formation and rotation.

Research Question:  How does the presence of dark matter influence the rotational speeds of galaxies?

Topic:  Verifying Kepler’s laws through observation of planetary motion.

Research Question:  How accurately do Kepler’s laws describe the motion of bodies in the solar system?

Orbital Mechanics

Topic:  The energy requirements for satellite launch and achieving escape velocity.

Research Question:  What are the energy considerations and optimal conditions for a satellite to achieve escape velocity from Earth?

Topic:  The effects of orbital perturbations on satellite stability.

Research Question:  How do factors such as atmospheric drag and gravitational influences affect the stability of satellite orbits?

Topic:  Analysis of gravitational slingshot maneuvers in space missions.

Research Question:  How can gravitational assist maneuvers be optimized to increase spacecraft velocity?

But even with our heads in the stars, we can’t forget about light. Optics brings it back down to earth, showing us how light works, whether it’s bending through a lens or bouncing off a mirror.

Optics and Light Topics and Research Questions

Reflection and Refraction

Topic:  The efficiency of optical fibers in transmitting light.

Research Question:  How do imperfections in optical fibers affect the total internal reflection and efficiency of light transmission?

Topic:  Investigating Snell’s law at various interfaces.

Research Question:  How accurately does Snell’s law predict the angle of refraction for different transparent materials?

Topic:  The critical angle for total internal reflection in various media.

Research Question:  How does the critical angle for total internal reflection change with the refractive index of different materials?

Lens and Mirror Optics

Topic:  The formation of images by converging lenses under various conditions.

Research Question:  How does the focal length of a lens affect the properties of the image it forms?

Topic:  The magnification power of compound microscope systems.

Research Question:  How do the focal lengths of the objective and eyepiece lenses in a microscope affect its overall magnification?

Topic:  The aberrations in images formed by lenses and mirrors.

Research Question:  What types of optical aberrations are most prevalent in simple lens systems, and how can they be minimized?

Interference and Diffraction

Topic:  The double-slit experiment and wave-particle duality.

Research Question:  How does the double-slit experiment provide evidence for the wave-particle duality of light?

Topic:  Measuring the wavelength of light using diffraction gratings.

Research Question:  How can diffraction gratings be used to accurately measure the wavelength of light?

Topic:  The application of holography in image storage and retrieval.

Research Question:  How does holography utilize the principles of interference and diffraction to store and reconstruct images?

And light’s just one piece of the whole world of Physics. Electromagnetic waves are everywhere, from the microwave that heats your lunch to the X-rays at the dentist. It’s all part of the same big family that keeps our world connected and our lives running.

Electromagnetic Waves Topics and Research Questions

Radio and Microwave Radiation

Topic:  The design and optimization of antennas for radio communication.

Research Question:  How does the geometry of an antenna affect its radiation pattern and signal reception?

Topic:  Signal propagation in different atmospheric conditions.

Research Question:  How do atmospheric conditions affect the propagation of radio and microwave signals?

Topic:  The effectiveness of microwave radiation in communication systems.

Research Question:  What are the advantages and limitations of using microwave radiation in satellite communications?

Infrared and Ultraviolet Light

Topic:  Thermal imaging and the emissivity of different materials.

Research Question:  How does the emissivity of a material affect its detection in thermal imaging?

Topic:  The effects of UV radiation on various substances.

Research Question:  How does exposure to ultraviolet light affect the chemical structure and properties of different materials?

Topic:  Spectroscopy and the identification of chemical compounds.

Research Question:  How can infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy be used to identify and analyze different chemical compounds?

X-rays and Gamma Rays

Topic:  The application of X-ray imaging in medical diagnostics.

Research Question:  How do different tissues and materials affect the absorption and transmission of X-rays in medical imaging?

Topic:  Radiation therapy and the optimization of gamma ray dosage.

Research Question:  How can the dosage and targeting of gamma rays in radiation therapy be optimized for cancer treatment?

Topic:  Nuclear gamma spectroscopy and nuclear structure.

Research Question:  What can gamma-ray spectra reveal about the structure and energy states of atomic nuclei?

These topics and research questions are designed to guide students in their exploration of advanced concepts in physics, providing a foundation for a thorough and insightful Extended Essay.

Creating an engaging and contemporary Physics Extended Essay can be particularly rewarding when the topic is relevant to modern situations and challenges. 

Fresh Breath Ideas for Physics IB EE in 2023/2024

Here are 12 topics that connect to current events or recent advancements in technology, along with a brief explanation of their relevance:

The Physics of Electric Vehicles

Investigate the efficiency of regenerative braking systems in electric cars and how they contribute to the overall energy efficiency of the vehicle.

Renewable Energy Harvesting

Analyze the potential of piezoelectric materials in converting mechanical stress from human activities into electrical energy, contributing to sustainable power generation.

Smartphone Sensors

Explore the use of gyroscopes and accelerometers in smartphones for navigation and gaming, and how these sensors rely on principles of mechanics and material science.

Wireless Charging Technologies

Examine the electromagnetic principles behind wireless charging pads and the efficiency of energy transfer at various distances and alignments.

Solar Panel Coatings

Research the effectiveness of anti-reflective coatings on solar panels and their role in enhancing the absorption of light and overall energy conversion efficiency.

Aerodynamics of Drones

Study the impact of drone design on flight stability and energy consumption, which is critical for extending their use in delivery systems and aerial photography.

Physics in Sports Equipment

Investigate the materials and design features that contribute to the performance and safety of modern sports helmets, from bicycles to football.

Thermal Imaging and Disease Detection

Explore the use of thermal imaging in detecting fevers and its potential application in managing pandemics by early identification of symptomatic individuals.

Nanomaterials in Electronics

Analyze the electrical conductivity and properties of graphene and other nanomaterials that are revolutionizing the electronics industry.

Physics of Modern Building Design

Investigate how principles of thermodynamics are applied in the design of eco-friendly and energy-efficient buildings.

Quantum Computing

Study the basic principles of quantum computing and the challenges in maintaining quantum coherence in qubits, which are the fundamental building blocks of quantum computers.

SpaceX and Reusable Rockets

Research the physics behind the reusability of rockets, focusing on the landing mechanisms employed by companies like SpaceX and how they conserve momentum and energy.

Each of these topics is not only grounded in physics principles but also has a wealth of information available due to their current relevance and the ongoing research in these areas. 

They offer a chance to combine theoretical physics with practical application in the modern world, which can be particularly engaging for an Extended Essay.

Need a Hand with Your Physics IB EE?

Hey there, IB students! If you’re stuck on coming up with a topic or diving into writing your Physics IB Extended Essay, don’t sweat it. Our team of IB experts at Writing Metier is here to help you write a custom IB EE on this exciting subject . 

Whether you need a spark of inspiration for your topic or you want a custom-written EE following the word count , rubric and criteria that hits all the right notes, we’ve got your back. 

Reach out to us at Writing Metier extended essay writing service and have a rest while experts are working on your task.

So, that’s the rundown. Physics isn’t just about equations and lab coats; it’s the stuff all around us, from the smallest particles to the vastness of space. It’s about getting to the heart of how things work, from the every day to the extraordinary. 

And the more you learn, the more you see how everything’s linked together in one big, amazing picture.

Free topic suggestions

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Vasyl Kafidoff is a co-founder and CEO at WritingMetier. He is interested in education and how modern technology makes it more accessible. He wants to bring awareness about new learning possibilities as an educational specialist. When Vasy is not working, he’s found behind a drum kit.

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• Writing an Extended Essay
• Extended Essay

Some sections of this website are strictly teacher only however this part is for students. I have tried to use both my experience writing an essay and as a supervisor to give some advice to students thinking of writing a physics EE.

For the student the early days of the EE are full of choices, firstly which subject to choose, secondly which topic and thirdly what research question. There are many reasons that students choose to write their EE in physics:

• Physics is their best/favourite subject.
• They want to study physics at university.
• They want me to write a teacher recommendation.
• They find physics difficult and think this might improve their chances.

These are all valid reasons, in fact I often say to students that if they want me to write a teacher recommendation for them then they might consider doing an EE in physics, it means that I can really add some meat to the reference. It makes a big difference when you can write about the independent research that the student is involved with and all the challenges they have faced, universities are often more impressed than the IB examiners.  

Students don't have to be good at physics to write a good essay as long as they stick to what they know, its probably easier to score well for a student who is a good essay writer and poor at physics than someone who is good at physics but can't write an essay. From the beginning it must be stressed that this is an essay not a university research paper so doesn't have to be cutting edge, as you will find out most of the marks of for how the essay is structured not the physics. This is a problem for some of our student who maybe like physics because they don't like writing essays, if that is the case then I am afraid that they will not get a good grade writing an essay in any subject so they might as well do it in physics and add their weight to the dreadful statistics.

If you are new to the IB then you might not know this yet but to get an A with a physics extended essay is almost impossible, the statistics are certainly not encouraging.

Since this is about writing an extended essay I should quote the source of these numbers

http://occ.ibo.org/ibis/documents/dp/d_x_dpyyy_stb_0905_1_e.pdf http://occ.ibo.org/ibis/documents/dp/d_x_dpyyy_stb_0811_1_e.pdf http://occ.ibo.org/ibis/documents/dp/d_x_dpyyy_stb_0805_1_e.pdf

These are the IB Diploma Statistical Bulletins for the relevant years, they contain a lot of other interesting statistics if you are interested in that sort of thing.

What these figures show is that less students get grade A's in group 4 subjects than the others. It does not say that it is more difficult to get an A in a group 4 subject but that's how a lot of people interpret it.

Type of Essay

There are 5 types of essay

• Experimental: design and implementation of an experiment, then personal collection and analysis of the data.
• Data-based : location and extraction of raw or processed data, not collected directly by the student, which is then further refined and analysed.
• Theoretical : development of a quantitative or semi-quantitative description of some physical phenomenon, exercise of the model, predictions about its behaviour and limitations.
• Survey: formulation of a cohesive, ordered, analytical and supported (qualitative and quantitative) discussion of the topic.
• Combination : some combination of the approaches listed above.

Whichever one of these is chosen it is important that the student has the possibility to put some of their own ideas into the essay, these don't have to be correct but if not they must have enough understanding to realise why they are not. It's far easier to have personal input when doing an experimental type essay so these are the type that i promote with my students and what this website will focus on.

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• My Favourite Subject Essay

Essay on My Favourite Subject

We start school. We are introduced to many subjects. There are some subjects that we are scared of. There are some subjects that we are comfortable with. And then there is that one subject that is closer to our heart. For me, that is science or Physics, as some may call it.

Why do I like Physics?

We live in this world. I believe everything that happens in this world has a ‘why’ behind it. I love to find the ‘why’ behind things. And Physics helps me do just that. Years ago, a man questioned why things fall down and do not go up. He did not stop till he uncovered the truth that there happens to be forced within the celestial bodies that attract things. That man was Isaac Newton. And no, there was no internet or even authoritative books on Physics back then. He realised the fact by using his brain and the little prior research of others that was available to him. This is the beauty of Physics. A sharp mind is all that is needed to question the phenomena of nature. 

Another reason that Physics is my favourite subject is the fact that it requires very little rote learning. One has to understand the basic theory behind anything that pertains to science. If I want to know why the sky is blue, I do not need to memorise anything. My teachers just have to tell me that the blue part of the sunlight is scattered more by the molecules in the air through which the sunlight passes. If I understand this cause and effect relation correctly, I will not forget it.

I also love science because it helps the poor. Earlier, a farmer had to work hard to grow crops, but now with advanced tractors and other scientific tools, he can grow the same amount of crops doing much less work.

Importance of Physics in our Life

Without our knowledge in science or Physics, we would still be living like cavemen. From the discovery of fire to the invention of wheels - everything happened thanks to our innate love for science; what if an unconscious one. Science can be the synonym for progress. No science, no progress. Every modern electronic equipment - from computers to rockets, from mobiles to street lights - everything needs electricity. And this electricity is also a gift of science!

The beauty of science is it starts from the basics and then it builds up to focus on the more advanced aspects. When Newton discovered gravity, he first thought about why things fall down. However, he soon used the same theory of gravity to reveal that it is the gravitational attraction of the Earth that prevented the moon from straying away from its orbit.

My Favorite Subject Essay

The students can present this essay in different ways depending on which subject they like; some ways to write a good essay is provided below.

English has been my favourite subject since the beginning of my studious life. I have always enjoyed reading, writing, and researching about the many concepts that occurred to me. Reading and understanding English literature has developed not just my critical thinking skills but has also helped in my overall character development. It has made me humble and knowledgeable about various universal concepts that not everyone is conscious of. Studying English literature makes me perceive the world in a manner that is way different from others. 

Not to mention that English literature is a vast field having innumerable career opportunities. There are many things to choose from, such as becoming an editor, a writer, a content marketer, a researcher, and the list goes on. English allows me to think creatively, out of the box, or allows me to create something new whilst staying in the box; it increases my communication skills and enables me to interpret things according to my own terms. Hence, I love the subject and cherish the values that stay with me while studying English literature.

Mathematics

My favourite subject is mathematics; since the beginning of my school life, I have always enjoyed solving mathematical equations. I love the subject, also because I always excel in my class, making my mathematics teacher and parents proud. When I am solving mathematical problems, I feel like my brain is getting a much-needed exercise as compared to other subjects, which I find a little burdensome because they require a lot of memorising as they are mostly theory. I have always been good with numbers and I love to manipulate and play with numbers.

After continuously studying and solving mathematical equations for a period of time, I can feel the improvements I have made in other subjects as well. This is because solving mathematical equations has improved my thinking critical and analytical skills, which are extremely important skills that one should possess. I love solving all arithmetic operations on numbers and I am always keen on handling more difficult problems as they help me realise my potential. When I grow up, I aspire to be a mathematician and maybe discover new theories or formulas and contribute my findings to this field.

Science is one of my favourite subjects in school, nowadays science and technology go hand-in-hand as there is no technology without science and there is no science without technology. Today we are surrounded by various things that have a scientific explanation of existing or behaving in a particular way. For example, the friction between our shoes and the floor, there is a science behind the flying of birds, the running water that we get in our taps, the concepts of dawn and dusk are also part of science that is taught in this discipline in schools.

I have always been curious to know about how certain things are happening around me and therefore studying science soothes my curiosity. Studying scientific theories help me reach a logical explanation of every incident that I observe in my day to day life.

There has been a lot of advancements that have taken place in the field of science in recent years such as, In 2020, scientists found plastic-eating bacteria, they have found ways to produce snow by cloud seeding, some of the scientific studies show that around the year 2070 we will experience and unliveable heat if we go on exploiting and destroying nature, even the covid vaccinations are a product of extensive research in science that has saved innumerable people on earth from the threat of covid-19.

Scientific advancement is extremely important for human life to grow technologically. However, we have to keep in check about the disadvantages that it is causing, such as global warming and various global threats that surround us today, because we have not been vigilant about our use of certain resources. Scientific study can also help us live in an eco-friendly manner.

I would love to become a scientist when I grow up as I want to help scientists achieve a permanently eco-friendly way of living that can help save the world.

Science-related subjects are not just about dealing with dry theories and reasons behind natural matters and events. Such subjects have taught me the value of truth. No matter how hard my elders tried, I would not have understood the value of truth without science. Galileo Galilei could have accepted the Church’s theory of the Earth’s immovability. But he did not. He chose to embrace death rather than live with a lie. I hate darkness. It is with the help of science that I can move from darkness to light - literally and figuratively. Some people enjoy languages like English and Hindi and so on, and when focused, they go on to become scholars of their own field.

Lines that can help students write an extraordinary essay are as follows-

Explaining your favourite subject – for example – all subjects hold a significant value and help in the all-round development of the brain as well as character, but I find my favourite subject specifically interesting as I never get bored studying it.

Write about your favourite teachers who make studying fun and easy.

Write about how it helps you outside academics or how you can apply it in day to day life.

If history is your favourite subject, you can frame your essay as – history helps me reminisce about my country’s past. After reading about great rulers and emperors, I get a deep sense of patriotism which makes me fall more in love with my country and heritage.

Write about the specialities of your favourite subject and how it drives you to do better.

Essay Writing

Essay writing is considered extremely important in order to inculcate habits of reading, writing and critical thinking, all of these are extremely important in the overall growth of a student. The main objective of writing an essay is to basically assert the opinion or the intention of the writer on a particular topic be it academic, political, editorial, or in any other field.

Academic essay writing mainly focuses on writing in a particular way that helps to develop the mind of a student and to produce ideas or arguments using analysis, evidence, and interpretation. Essay writing also helps to develop a habit of doing thorough research before writing or starting any topic.

There are various types of essays like an argumentative essay, admissions essay, persuasive essay, compare and contrast essay, personal essay, expository essay, writing an essay for an audience. These are the many types of essays that students learn to write about their scholar years.

Here are Some of the Tips that can give you the best Results while Writing an Essay

Reading, researching, the brainstorming-this trio is extremely important while writing an essay as the first and foremost step is to exactly know what is being asked and how you will be organising your essay and dissecting it into parts.

Effective Planning- jot down the points that have to be accumulated into the essay. This will help you to base your essay around the important topics that need to be covered.

Efficient use of Resources- resources are available on the Internet to help you get a hint about how to go about your essay. Writing work cited will give you S a significant weight.

Preparing a Draft - The key to writing a detailed essay is to first prepare a draft that will help sort out your material so that you can remove any unnecessary information that is not related to the main topic.

Proofread and Revise- This is the last step of completing an essay. Before submitting the final version, students should proofread their essay and check if it is plagiarised and never submit it before revising the final version.

All the subjects help to increase knowledge about various aspects that are extremely important to know in order to survive in this world. Everyone is built differently and therefore; students choose their favourite subject according to how they perceive scholarly subjects. A favourite subject increases our curiosity to look into things more deeply and helps us contemplate various theories discovered by scientists and scholars.

FAQs on My Favourite Subject Essay

1. Where can I find tips to write an essay?

Tips to write an essay or easily available on t he Vedantu website, these tips will ensure that students do not miss the critical details that go into the writing of an essay. The research team of Vedantu has curated notes after doing a thorough research and they have made some magnificent points that will lead students to get a good score in the examination. 

2. What is an essay?

Essays are basically considered as a piece of writing that includes the writers on personal opinions and arguments; however, the definition of an essay is vague till now as an essay sometimes overlaps with an article or a short story etc. generally, essays are known to be formal or informal essays. Formal essays are written for a serious purpose or for an organisation or are written in relation to academics, whereas informal essays mainly include personal opinions and strong arguments that reflect the thinking of the writer; they include experiences of the writer and are unconventional.

3. Why do I need to improve my essay writing skills?

Improving essay writing skills is an extremely important skill that is needed in every field. Essay writing skills increase your communication skills which help you to build a career. Good essay writing skills increase vocabulary, which then flows out in the way you speak. A good vocabulary ensures that the message you are trying to portray is clear and precise and it reaches a wider audience. Improving essay writing skills is a lifelong investment that may take a while, but you will thank yourself later for working on your writing skills.

CUET UG Date Sheet 2024 (Out), Check Subject-Wise Exam Date Schedule

NTA released CUET UG date sheet 2024. The CUET (UG) offline exam will be held from May 15 to May 18 & online exam papers will be held from May 21 to May 24. Check CUET UG 2024 timetable subject-wise

Table of Contents

The National Testing Agency has released the CUET UG Date Sheet 2024 on the official website. The Date Sheet was released by the National Testing Agency (NTA) on the official website nta.ac.in . Candidates who are going to appear for the CUET (UG) exam this year, should check their exam paper date and time by reading this article.

CUET UG Date Sheet 2024

The NTA released the CUET UG date sheet 2024 for all the subjects on April 20 whose exam is going to be conducted at different exam locations in India and abroad on April 20. The NTA will begin the conduction of the CUET UG exam 2024 on May 15 . This year, the NTA will hold the exam in hybrid mode, i.e., both computer based test and offline exam will be held for different subjects. However, students should note than one subject paper’s exam will be held only in one mode, either online or offline.

CUET UG 2024 Date Sheet

The CUET UG 2024 date sheet contains the exam date, the exam , shift, exam slot timings and the exam paper. The CUET UG 2024 exam is being taken by around 13.48 lakh candidates. The NTA is organizing the CUET (UG) exam in 380 exam cities including 26 cities outside India. The detailed CUET UG Date Sheet 2024 is now available online. The examination for the CUET (UG) 2024 will be held from May 15 to May May 18 and May 21 to May 24, 2024 .

Check: CUET UG Exam Pattern 2024

CUET UG Date Sheet 2024: Slot Timings

The CUET (UG) 2024 exam is being held in three slots. Both the online and offline exam will be held in three shifts. The exam timings of all the three slots is tabulated hereunder.

NTA CUET UG Date Sheet 2024 Subject-Wise

The NTA will first administer the CUET exam for subjects whose exam is to be held offline, i.e., Pen and Paper Based Test (CBT). After the conclusion of the same, the exam for those subjects, whose paper is to be held online, i.e., Computer Based Test (CBT), will be organized. The offline CUET (UG) 2024 exam for the various CUET subject papers will be held from May 15 to May 18, 2024. The online test will be held from May 21 to May 24, 2024 . Checkout the subject-wise NTA CUET UG date sheet 2024 below.

The online exam papers will be held on three days: May 21, May 22 and May 24 in three shifts. Checkout the schedule for the online paper below.

Check: CUET UG General Test Syllabus 2024

CUET UG Date Sheet 2024: Online and Offline Subjects

The NTA bought a major change in the exam mode this year. They decided to conduct the exam in hybrid mode. The decision was taken to encourage the rural participation. The subjects which received more number of registrations, their exam will be held in offline mode. The list of subjects whose CUET UG 2024 exam will be held in online and offline is given below.

CUET UG 2024 Offline Exam Papers

• General Test
• Mathematics
• Physical Education
• Business Studies
• Accountancy
• Political Science

CUET UG Online Exam Papers 2024

The subjects for which the CUET 2024 exam will be held in online mode are Kannada, Odia, Punjabi, Telugu, Arabic, Chinese, French, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Nepali, Russian, Santhali, Sindhi, Tibetan, Agriculture, Fine Arts, Sanskrit, Psychology and Fashion Studies, Computer Science/ Informatic Practices, Sanskrit, Entrepreneurship, Home Science, Teaching Aptitude, Anthropology, Legal Studies, Assamese, Gujarati, Malayalam, Tamil, Urdu, Bodo, German, Manipuri, KTPI, Mass Media, Dogri, Persian, Spanish, Environmental Studies, Performing Arts, Bengali, Marathi, Italian, Japanese, Engineering Graphics, and Tourism.

Also Check: CUET UG Syllabus 2024

CUET UG Date Sheet 2024 PDF Download

The free pdf released by the NTA containing all the important details regarding the CUET UG has been released online. The same official PDF containing all the important information regarding the exam is provided for free download hereunder.

CUET UG Date Sheet 2024 PDF Free Download

CUET UG Hall Ticket 2024 Date

The CUET UG hall ticket 2024 fir the exam subjects mentioned in the date sheet released, will be available online during the second week of May, according to the National Testing Agency. To download the CUET UG hall ticket candidates should log into the CUET student portal and input their login credentials. It is recommended that candidates visit the CUET official website after publication to download their respective CUET 2024 admission cards.

Candidates should verify their name, roll number, CUET exam center, category, CUET UG 2024 exam date, and contact information after successfully downloading their CUET admit card 2024. Candidates must notify CUET officials of any disinformation they may have come across.

Sharing is caring!

Has the CUET (UG) 2024 date sheet been released?

Yes, the National Testing Agency has released the CUET UG date sheet 2024

What is the exam date for the CUET (UG) 2024 exam?

As per the CUET (UG) 2024 exam date sheet, the CUET 2024 exam will be held from May 15 to May 24, 2024.

Will the CUET (UG) 2024 exam be held in online mode or offline mode?

The CUET (UG) 2024 exam will be held in both online and offline mode, i.e., in hybrid mode.

When will the CUET exam for offline test subjects be held?

The CUET UG 2024 offline exam papers will be held from May 15 to May 18, 2024.

In how many shifts, the NTA will conduct the CUET UG 2024 exam?

The NTA will administer the CUET UG 2024 exam in three shifts for both online and offline exam papers.

When will the exam for the CUET (UG) 2024 online papers take place?

The CUET UG 2024 online exam papers will be held on May 21, May 22 and May 24.

How did the NTA decide which papers to conduct in online mode and which in offline mode?

The exam papers which received more number of applications are being held in offline mode while the exam subjects with fewer registrations are being conducted in online mode.

When will the English language exam paper be held?

The CUET UG2 2024 English language paper will be held offline on May 15 from 3 PM to 3.45 PM.

Will the CUET General Test subject paper 2024 be held online or offline?

The CUET UG General Test paper 2024 will be conducted in offline mode on May 15 from 5 PM to 6 PM.

What is the exam date for the CUET UG Economics Paper 2024?

The CUET UG Economics paper 2024 will be held in offline mode on May 16 from 10 AM to 11 AM.

When will the NTA conduct the Accountancy exam paper?

The NTA will hold the CUET Accountancy exam paper on May 17 from 5 PM to 6 PM.

What are the exam dates for the CUET PCMB subjects 2024?

The CUET Chemistry and Biology paper 2024 will be organized on May 15 while the Physics and Mathematics paper will be organized on May 16.

Hi there, I am Ashish and have done my post graduation in Science. I have 2 years of experience in content creation, catering to the demands of young students. I provide written content related to NEET, JEE, Board Exams, CLAT, CUET (UG & PG) and management exams in a simple manner. My content provides important insights on several topics in depth.

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Guest Essay

What Sentencing Could Look Like if Trump Is Found Guilty

By Norman L. Eisen

Mr. Eisen is the author of “Trying Trump: A Guide to His First Election Interference Criminal Trial.”

For all the attention to and debate over the unfolding trial of Donald Trump in Manhattan, there has been surprisingly little of it paid to a key element: its possible outcome and, specifically, the prospect that a former and potentially future president could be sentenced to prison time.

The case — brought by Alvin Bragg, the Manhattan district attorney, against Mr. Trump — represents the first time in our nation’s history that a former president is a defendant in a criminal trial. As such, it has generated lots of debate about the case’s legal strength and integrity, as well as its potential impact on Mr. Trump’s efforts to win back the White House.

A review of thousands of cases in New York that charged the same felony suggests something striking: If Mr. Trump is found guilty, incarceration is an actual possibility. It’s not certain, of course, but it is plausible.

Jury selection has begun, and it’s not too soon to talk about what the possibility of a sentence, including a prison sentence, would look like for Mr. Trump, for the election and for the country — including what would happen if he is re-elected.

The case focuses on alleged interference in the 2016 election, which consisted of a hush-money payment Michael Cohen, the former president’s fixer at the time, made in 2016 to a porn star, Stormy Daniels, who said she had an affair with Mr. Trump. Mr. Bragg is arguing that the cover-up cheated voters of the chance to fully assess Mr. Trump’s candidacy.

This may be the first criminal trial of a former president in American history, but if convicted, Mr. Trump’s fate is likely to be determined by the same core factors that guide the sentencing of every criminal defendant in New York State Court.

Comparable cases. The first factor is the base line against which judges measure all sentences: how other defendants have been treated for similar offenses. My research encompassed almost 10,000 cases of felony falsifying business records that have been prosecuted across the state of New York since 2015. Over a similar period, the Manhattan D.A. has charged over 400 of these cases . In roughly the first year of Mr. Bragg’s tenure, his team alone filed 166 felony counts for falsifying business records against 34 people or companies.

Contrary to claims that there will be no sentence of incarceration for falsifying business records, when a felony conviction involves serious misconduct, defendants can be sentenced to some prison time. My analysis of the most recent data indicates that approximately one in 10 cases in which the most serious charge at arraignment is falsifying business records in the first degree and in which the court ultimately imposes a sentence, results in a term of imprisonment.

To be clear, these cases generally differ from Mr. Trump’s case in one important respect: They typically involve additional charges besides just falsifying records. That clearly complicates what we might expect if Mr. Trump is convicted.

Nevertheless, there are many previous cases involving falsifying business records along with other charges where the conduct was less serious than is alleged against Mr. Trump and prison time was imposed. For instance, Richard Luthmann was accused of attempting to deceive voters — in his case, impersonating New York political figures on social media in an attempt to influence campaigns. He pleaded guilty to three counts of falsifying business records in the first degree (as well as to other charges). He received a sentence of incarceration on the felony falsification counts (although the sentence was not solely attributable to the plea).

A defendant in another case was accused of stealing in excess of $50,000 from her employer and, like in this case, falsifying one or more invoices as part of the scheme. She was indicted on a single grand larceny charge and ultimately pleaded guilty to one felony count of business record falsification for a false invoice of just under $10,000. She received 364 days in prison.

To be sure, for a typical first-time offender charged only with run-of-the-mill business record falsification, a prison sentence would be unlikely. On the other hand, Mr. Trump is being prosecuted for 34 counts of conduct that might have changed the course of American history.

Seriousness of the crime. Mr. Bragg alleges that Mr. Trump concealed critical information from voters (paying hush money to suppress an extramarital relationship) that could have harmed his campaign, particularly if it came to light after the revelation of another scandal — the “Access Hollywood” tape . If proved, that could be seen not just as unfortunate personal judgment but also, as Justice Juan Merchan has described it, an attempt “to unlawfully influence the 2016 presidential election.”

History and character. To date, Mr. Trump has been unrepentant about the events alleged in this case. There is every reason to believe that will not change even if he is convicted, and lack of remorse is a negative at sentencing. Justice Merchan’s evaluation of Mr. Trump’s history and character may also be informed by the other judgments against him, including Justice Arthur Engoron’s ruling that Mr. Trump engaged in repeated and persistent business fraud, a jury finding that he sexually abused and defamed E. Jean Carroll and a related defamation verdict by a second jury.

Justice Merchan may also weigh the fact that Mr. Trump has been repeatedly held in contempt , warned , fined and gagged by state and federal judges. That includes for statements he made that exposed witnesses, individuals in the judicial system and their families to danger. More recently, Mr. Trump made personal attacks on Justice Merchan’s daughter, resulting in an extension of the gag order in the case. He now stands accused of violating it again by commenting on witnesses.

What this all suggests is that a term of imprisonment for Mr. Trump, while far from certain for a former president, is not off the table. If he receives a sentence of incarceration, perhaps the likeliest term is six months, although he could face up to four years, particularly if Mr. Trump chooses to testify, as he said he intends to do , and the judge believes he lied on the stand . Probation is also available, as are more flexible approaches like a sentence of spending every weekend in jail for a year.

We will probably know what the judge will do within 30 to 60 days of the end of the trial, which could run into mid-June. If there is a conviction, that would mean a late summer or early fall sentencing.

Justice Merchan would have to wrestle in the middle of an election year with the potential impact of sentencing a former president and current candidate.

If Mr. Trump is sentenced to a period of incarceration, the reaction of the American public will probably be as polarized as our divided electorate itself. Yet as some polls suggest — with the caveat that we should always be cautious of polls early in the race posing hypothetical questions — many key swing state voters said they would not vote for a felon.

If Mr. Trump is convicted and then loses the presidential election, he will probably be granted bail, pending an appeal, which will take about a year. That means if any appeals are unsuccessful, he will most likely have to serve any sentence starting sometime next year. He will be sequestered with his Secret Service protection; if it is less than a year, probably in Rikers Island. His protective detail will probably be his main company, since Mr. Trump will surely be isolated from other inmates for his safety.

If Mr. Trump wins the presidential election, he can’t pardon himself because it is a state case. He will be likely to order the Justice Department to challenge his sentence, and department opinions have concluded that a sitting president could not be imprisoned, since that would prevent the president from fulfilling the constitutional duties of the office. The courts have never had to address the question, but they could well agree with the Justice Department.

So if Mr. Trump is convicted and sentenced to a period of incarceration, its ultimate significance is probably this: When the American people go to the polls in November, they will be voting on whether Mr. Trump should be held accountable for his original election interference.

What questions do you have about Trump’s Manhattan criminal trial so far?

Please submit them below. Our trial experts will respond to a selection of readers in a future piece.

Norman L. Eisen investigated the 2016 voter deception allegations as counsel for the first impeachment and trial of Donald Trump and is the author of “Trying Trump: A Guide to His First Election Interference Criminal Trial.”

The Times is committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the editor. We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. Here are some tips . And here’s our email: [email protected] .

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• International

Second day of testimony wraps in Trump hush money trial

From CNN's Jeremy Herb, Lauren del Valle and Kara Scannell in the courthouse

Trump posts from the courthouse about gag order and calls for judge to recuse himself

Donald Trump has posted on Truth Social about the gag order following the gag order hearing, calling for Judge Juan Merchan to recuse himself.

Trump alleges he is "not allowed" to defend himself, but he has indicated he is willing to take the stand to testify .

Trump and his attorney are looking through a stack of papers he brought to court

As we wait for the judge to return to the bench, Trump has resumed chatting with his attorney Todd Blanche. They are looking at the stack of papers Trump brought in with him.

Trump and his attorney are whispering before judge enters courtroom

Attorney Todd Blanche and Trump were whispering before Judge Juan Merchan entered the courtroom.

He and Blanche were leaning in close to each other to talk. Trump then veered to his right to talk to attorney Emil Bove, who in now sitting in the first chair.

Trump back in courtroom

Former President Donald Trump has reentered the courtroom. He is holding a stack of papers, some held together by binder clips.

Analysis: This was a "disaster for the defense," CNN legal analyst says of gag order hearing

From CNN's Antoinette Radford

CNN’s Chief Legal Correspondent Paula Reid has described the outcome of today’s gag order hearing as a “disaster for the defense.”

During the hearing, Judge Juan Merchan questioned whether Donald Trump recognized that he had breached the gag order, even asking him to take the stand and swear under oath that he did not know he had done so.

Merchan went as far as to tell Trump’s lawyer, Todd Blanche, that he was “losing all credibility with the court.”

Reid said that was a “disaster” for how Trump’s team had hoped to tackle the hearing.

“This just went completely off the rails because while they wanted to do the macro big-picture, the judge wanted to go post-by post through each of these alleged violations of the gag order that in many instances, are indefensible.”

“I knew this wasn’t going to go well legally for the team… but this was much worse than I could’ve expected.”

Defense says Trump is "very careful" with gag order arguing he is allowed to respond to political attacks 

From CNN's Kaanita Iyer

Donald Trump's attorney Todd Blanche faced a tough task Tuesday morning as he sought to avoid a maximum fine for his client for violating a gag order.  

Under the order, Trump is barred from publicly discussing witnesses or jurors in the case and prosecutors have pointed to eight social media posts and two campaign website posts to argue that “going after Michael Cohen is a recurring theme in these posts.” The prosecution is seeking $1,000 per violation — the maximum fine.  

But Blanche argued that specific attacks from Cohen, Trump's former personal attorney, and adult film star Stormy Daniels prompted the former president to respond, but he has yet to point to specific attacks by them despite several requests to do so from Judge Juan Merchan.  

"I keep asking you over and over again for a specific answer, and I’m not getting an answer," Merchan said to Blanche.   But Blanche later told Merchan: "President Trump is being very careful to comply with your order.”  

The former president was not visibly reacting to any of the proceedings at the time, according to journalists in the courtroom, but did talk to his attorneys at least twice.  

Analysis: Why David Pecker is an important witness in the prosecutor's quest to prove criminal intent

From CNN's Elise Hammond

David Pecker will be back on the stand on Tuesday to continue testimony in the hush money trial against former President Donald Trump. Not only is he the first witness to answer questions from the prosecution, but he is also a critical piece of how the state is trying to prove criminal intent, one former federal prosecutor said.

Criminal intent means that “not just an act happened, but an act happened for a purpose,” said Elliot Williams, a CNN legal analyst. “The defendant did something wrong to carry out some criminal purpose.”

As the then-chairman of American Media Inc., which publishes the National Enquirer, Pecker was involved in numerous “catch-and-kill” schemes he orchestrated on behalf of Trump, and he allegedly helped broker the deal with adult film star Stormy Daniels which is at the center of  the case.

“It’s not just the catch-and-kill payments, but catch-and-kill payments for the purpose of concealing information from voters in the context of an election,” Williams explained, referring to the 2016 presidential election. 

Williams said it’s likely that prosecutors will focus much of their questioning trying to uncover what was discussed in meetings between Pecker and Trump. The question at the heart of the argument, Williams said, is if the payments were intended to conceal information from voters, “or was it just Donald Trump saying, ‘Well, you know, this is embarrassing to my wife and my kids, I really want to keep this hidden.’”

Prosecution argues Trump deliberately violates gag order in hearing, seeks max fine

Before witnesses can continue to offer testimony in the historic criminal hush money trial of Donald Trump, Judge Juan Merchan held a hearing on whether the former president violated the gag order in the hush money case.  

Under the order, Trump is barred from publicly discussing witnesses or jurors in the case.  

The prosecution has pointed to eight social media posts and two campaign website posts where Trump was primarily sharing commentary about expected trial witness Michael Cohen, and prosecutor Chris Conroy is seeking a $1,000 fine for each post — the max fine. 

Conroy made the case that Trump “knows about the order” and “knows what he’s not allowed to do” but violates it anyway. The prosecutor has also called the defense’s argument that the former president can respond to attacks by Cohen as an attempt to “muddy the waters,” and said those 10 posts “pose a very real threat” to the proceedings.  

Prosecutors also want the judge to remind Trump that “future violations of this Court’s restrictions on his extrajudicial statements can be punished not only with additional fines but also with a term of incarceration of up to thirty days.” 

Trump was not visibly reacting to the accusations, according to CNN’s reporters in the courtroom.  

Judge says court will go from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. straight after short break

As court was breaking, Judge Juan Merchan said he plans to go from 11 a.m. ET to 2 p.m. ET straight with the jury.

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