Computer Hardware and Software Components

Computers, which were invented as far back as in the 1940s, are highly complex machines that need both hardware and software for their operation. If, in the middle of the 20th century, it was crucial only for computer technicians to understand how these components interact, in the age of computerization and data sharing, this knowledge is beneficial for every user. In the first place, it is necessary to differentiate between the terms.

Hardware can be defined as a visible, material part of the computer system, including all its physical components. On the contrary, software encompasses all programs and other operating information, constituting the intelligence of the system. Software is the driving force that enables hardware components to operate without failures (“What are the differences between hardware and software?” 2017).

Thus, the question arises: How to choose software for it to be a perfect fit for the hardware? What are the hardware components of the primary significance? In fact, there are only three of them that actually make the whole system work. These are CPU, ROM, and RAM. These constituents are essential for considering when one chooses which applications to install. They can be defined as follows (Siewiorek & Swarz, 2017):

  • CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the key component (or the ‘brain’) of the entire system, the circuitry of which is required for interpretation and execution of software instructions; all calculations take place here. There are four major functions, which the CPU has to perform. First and foremost, it must receive instructions that guide the performance of all computer programs. Second, it deciphers these instructions. Then, it translates them into practical implementation. Finally, it receives feedback, and stores performed activities in the computer memory to be able to extract them when necessary.
  • ROM (Read Only Memory) is a built-in, non-volatile form of data storage used not only in computers but also in a number of other electronic devices. Its peculiarity consists in the fact that it cannot be easily modified or reprogrammed. It can be done only with a lot of effort due to the fact that ROM is meant to store firmware. This type of software is too closely connected with particular hardware, which makes updates unnecessary. Thus, ROM can be called hard-wired: Although some circuits are possible to alter, integrated circuits are not–therefore, this memory cannot be changed after manufacturing. This creates a considerable disadvantage for a number of programs since security threats cannot be eliminated, and bugs are impossible to fix. New features cannot be added to the existing ones either.
  • RAM (Random-Access Memory) is another form of data storage, which, unlike ROM, is responsible for memorizing program instructions of frequently run applications in order to maximize the system speed of operation. Its major task to make it possible for data to be written or read in the same time period regardless of where it is stored (in comparison, in other storage media, the time required to process data may vary considerably because of the location). Modern RAM is manufactured in the form of integrated circuits and is often referred to as volatile types of memory.

Thus, when the user chooses software, these three hardware components are the key point of discussion with the IT specialist. The following questions are to be answered about the programs that are to be installed:

  • How much storage will be required (since some applications need a lot of it to operate effectively)? Where will it be located?
  • How much RAM is sufficient for the software to be speedy?
  • How often will it have to be upgraded and updated?
  • Will it be possible to stay with the same hardware when the programs are updated?

As far as the key utilities for customization, optimization, and maintenance are concerned, they can be summed up as follows:

  • Customization utilities. Although for the majority of users, default settings are quite acceptable as long as they can change the wallpaper or the color scheme, there are those who are eager to make their desktops highly customized to be both aesthetically pleasant to look at and convenient to use. OS customization utilities allow not only changing the screen resolution, wallpaper, start-up screen, and color scheme, but also customizing live tiles, setting what folders appear on Start, learning the user’s voice, personalizing taskbar, lock screen, default app, and Action Center, setting up OneDrive, etc. For more advanced customization, there also exist programs like TweakNow Power Pack, Customizer God, Winaero Tweaker, TileCreator, Ultimate Windows Tweaker, Folder Marker, Taskbar Tweaker, etc. (Price, 2016).
  • Disk Cleanup. Such utilities allow the user to scan the hard drive in order to delete all unnecessary files, such as those stored in the cache. It helps clean the extra room and optimizes the performance of the system. It is also possible to delete uninstall programs, restore points, old files, Windows components, etc. (“Tips to free up drive space on your PC,” 2016).
  • Disk Defragmenter. This tool is used to solve plenty of problems. Its major function is to reassemble fragmented files stored in broken pieces across the hard drive (which can lead to malfunction). The utility finds the parts and reassembles them in one place. This increases the speed of the system operation by removing delays connected with slow searching and opening of fragments (“How to improve your computer’s performance,“ 2016).
  • System Restore. This utility makes it possible for the user to set the system back to the earlier time when it functioned properly. This is necessary when an unexpected error occurs due to the actions of malware. The user can set restore points in the calendar (Siewiorek & Swarz, 2017).
  • Disk Compression and Archivers. Such utilities make it possible to compress big files to a free storage room and improve the functionality since the computer is freed from the necessity to keep track of a huge number of files simultaneously. Archivers allow not only compressing but also decompressing files when it is convenient for the user (Siewiorek & Swarz, 2017).
  • Registry Cleaners. For effective maintenance of the computer, the user needs to scan it not only for redundant files but also for registry mistakes. The registry encompasses all core files that are responsible for the functionality and general performance. That is why it is essential to repair its damaged parts and clean up the mess created by malware or even safe programs that may cause errors when they are misused. It is also necessary to check up the registry in order to remove unnecessary or outdated files that slow down the system (“Microsoft supports policies for the use of registry cleaning utilities,” 2017).

The PC Model Example

  • Country Origin: China.
  • Model: ThinkPad X1 Yoga (1st Gen).

How to improve your computer’s performance. (2016). Microsoft. Web.

Microsoft supports policies for the use of registry cleaning utilities . (2017). Microsoft. 

Price, D. (2016). Seven best tools to tweak and customize Windows 10. MUO. Web.

Siewiorek, D., & Swarz, R. (2017). Reliable computer systems: Design and evaluation . New York, NY: Digital Press.

Tips to free up drive space on your PC . (2016). Microsoft. 

What are the differences between hardware and software? (2017). Computer Hope. 

Cite this paper

  • Chicago (N-B)
  • Chicago (A-D)

StudyCorgi. (2020, November 19). Computer Hardware and Software Components. https://studycorgi.com/computer-hardware-and-software-components/

"Computer Hardware and Software Components." StudyCorgi , 19 Nov. 2020, studycorgi.com/computer-hardware-and-software-components/.

StudyCorgi . (2020) 'Computer Hardware and Software Components'. 19 November.

1. StudyCorgi . "Computer Hardware and Software Components." November 19, 2020. https://studycorgi.com/computer-hardware-and-software-components/.

Bibliography

StudyCorgi . "Computer Hardware and Software Components." November 19, 2020. https://studycorgi.com/computer-hardware-and-software-components/.

StudyCorgi . 2020. "Computer Hardware and Software Components." November 19, 2020. https://studycorgi.com/computer-hardware-and-software-components/.

This paper, “Computer Hardware and Software Components”, was written and voluntary submitted to our free essay database by a straight-A student. Please ensure you properly reference the paper if you're using it to write your assignment.

Before publication, the StudyCorgi editorial team proofread and checked the paper to make sure it meets the highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, fact accuracy, copyright issues, and inclusive language. Last updated: October 13, 2022 .

If you are the author of this paper and no longer wish to have it published on StudyCorgi, request the removal . Please use the “ Donate your paper ” form to submit an essay.

  • Trending Now
  • Foundational Courses
  • Data Science
  • Practice Problem
  • Machine Learning
  • System Design
  • DevOps Tutorial
  • Web Browser
  • Difference between 8051 and AVR
  • Difference between Raspberry Pi and Orange Pi
  • Difference between Normal Processor and AI Processor
  • Difference between Memory Mapped IO and IO Mapped IO with reference to 8085 microprocessor
  • Difference between Random Access Memory (RAM) and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)
  • Difference between PIC and MSP430
  • Difference between SIMM and DIMM
  • Difference between PIC and ARM
  • Difference between AVR and ARM
  • Difference between Arduino and Raspberry Pi
  • Difference between 8051 and ARM
  • Difference between 8051 and MSP430
  • Difference between Input and Output devices
  • Difference between 32K and 64K SIM Cards
  • Difference between 64K and 128K SIM Cards
  • Difference between North bridge and South bridge
  • Difference between Hard Disk Drive (HDD) and Solid State Drive (SSD)
  • Difference between SMPS and UPS
  • Difference between Plotter and Printer

Difference between Hardware and Software

Pre-Requisite: Computer Hardware , Computer Software

Computer Hardware and Software, both are essential parts of a Computer System. In short, Hardware and Software make a System compatible with the user. In this article, we are going to discuss the basic differences between Computer Hardware and Computer Software.

Components of Computer

Components of Computer

Computer Hardware

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer. Computer Hardware is any part of the computer that we can touch these parts. These are the primary electronic devices used to build up the computer. Examples of hardware in a computer are the Processor, Memory Devices, Monitor, Printer, Keyboard, Mouse, and Central Processing Unit. 

Types of Computer Hardware

  • Input Devices
  • Output Devices
  • Storage Devices
  • Internal Component

1. Input Devices: Input Devices are those devices through which a user enters data and information into the Computer or simply, User interacts with the Computer. Examples of Input Devices are Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, etc.

2. Output Devices: Output Devices are devices that are used to show the result of the task performed by the user. Examples of Output Devices are Monitors, Printers, Speakers, etc.

3. Storage Devices: Storage Devices are devices that are used for storing data and they are also known as Secondary Storage Data. Examples of Storage Devices are CDs , DVDs , Hard Disk, etc

4. Internal Component: Internal Components consists of important hardware devices present in the System. Examples of Internal Components are the CPU, Motherboard, etc.

Computer Software

Software is a collection of instructions, procedures, and documentation that performs different tasks on a computer system. we can say also Computer Software is a programming code executed on a computer processor. The code can be machine-level code or code written for an operating system. Examples of software are MS- Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Google Chrome, Photoshop, MySQL, etc. 

Types of Computer Software

  • System Software
  • Application Software

1. System Software: System Software is a component of Computer Software that directly operates with Computer Hardware which has the work to control the Computer’s Internal Functioning and also takes responsibility for controlling Hardware Devices such as Printers, Storage Devices, etc. Types of System Software include Operating systems, Language processors, and Device Drivers.

2. Application Software: Application Software are the software that works the basic operations of the computer. It performs a specific task for users. Application Software basically includes Word Processors, Spreadsheets, etc. Types of Application software include General Purpose Software, Customized Software, etc.

Difference Between Hardware and Software

1. what are different types of hardware.

There are basically four types of Hardware: Input Devices Output Devices Storage Devices Internal Components

2. What are different types of Software?

There are basically two types of Software: System Software Application Software

3. What is the impact of Viruses on Hardware and Software?

Computer Hardware is not affected by Viruses, but Computer Software is affected by Viruses.

Please Login to comment...

author

  • Computer Organization & Architecture
  • Difference Between
  • annieahujaweb2020
  • vivekkumar01
  • adityaarxehn
  • Google Maps testing a new feature that shows entrance to buildings
  • ChatGPT Gets a Voice: Introducing the New Read Aloud Feature
  • Meta Quest+ is Now Like Game Pass For Your VR Headset
  • MLB World Series Champions - Major League Baseball Winners List
  • 30 OOPs Interview Questions and Answers (2024)

Improve your Coding Skills with Practice

 alt=

What kind of Experience do you want to share?

Computer Hardware and Software Essay Example

Computer Hardware and Software Essay Example

  • Pages: 13 (3548 words)
  • Published: October 14, 2016
  • Type: Essay

Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitute a computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as monitor, keyboard, Computer data storage, hard drive disk, mouse, CPU (graphic cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and chips), etc. all of which are physical objects that you can actually touch. In contrast, software is untouchable. Software exists as ideas, application, concepts, and symbols, but it has no substance. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system.

A software engineer programming for the Wikimedia Foundation Computer software is any set of machine-readable instructions that directs a computer's processor to perform specific operations. The term is used to contrast with computer hardware, the physical objects (processor and related

devices) that carry out the instructions. Hardware and software require each other; neither has any value without the other. Firmware is software that has been permanently stored in hardware (specifically in non-volatile memory). It thus has qualities of both software and hardware.

Software is a general term. It can refer to all computer instructions in general or to any specific set of computer instructions. It is inclusive of both machine instructions (the binary code that the processor understands) and source code (more human-understandable instructions that must be rendered into machine code by compilers or interpreters before being executed). On most computer platforms, software can be grouped into a few broad categories: * System software is the basic software needed for a computer to operate (most notably the operating system). Application software is all the software that uses the computer system to perform useful

work beyond the operation of the computer itself. * Embedded software resides as firmware within embedded systems, devices dedicated to a single use. In that context there is no clear distinction between the system and application software. Software refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of the computer. In other words, software is a set of programs, procedures, algorithms and its documentationconcerned with the operation of a data processing system.

Program software performs the function of the program it implements, either by directly providing instructions to the digital electronics or by serving as input to another piece of software. The term was coined to contrast to the term hardware (meaning physical devices). In contrast to hardware, software "cannot be touched". [1]Software is also sometimes used in a more narrow sense, meaning application software only. Sometimes the term includes data that has not traditionally been associated with computers, such as film, tapes, and records. 2] Computer software is so called to distinguish it from computer hardware, which encompasses the physical interconnections and devices required to store and execute (or run) the software. At the lowest level, executable code consists of machine language instructions specific to an individual processor. A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. Programs are an ordered sequence of instructions for changing the state of the computer in a particular sequence.

It is usually written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for humans to use (closer to natural language) than machine language. High-level languages are compiled

or interpreted into machine language object code. Software may also be written in an assembly language, essentially, a mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet. Assembly language must be assembled into object code via an assembler.

The first theory about software was proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem (decision problem). [3] Colloquially, the term is often used to mean application software. In computer science and software engineering, software is all information processed by computer system, programs and data. The academic fields studying software are computer science and software engineering.

As more and more programs enter the realm of firmware, and the hardware itself becomes smaller, cheaper and faster as predicted by Moore's law, elements of computing first considered to be software, join the ranks of hardware. Most hardware companies today have more software programmers on the payroll than hardware designers[citation needed], since software tools have automated many tasks of Printed circuit board engineers. Just like the Auto industry, the Software industry has grown from a few visionaries operating out of their garage with prototypes.

Steve Jobs and Bill Gates were the Henry Ford and Louis Chevrolet of their times[citation needed], who capitalized on ideas already commonly known before they started in the business. In the case of Software development, this moment is generally agreed to be the publication in the 1980s of the specifications for the IBM Personal Computer published by IBM employee Philip Don Estridge. Today his move would be seen as a type of crowd-sourcing. Computer hardware companies not only bundled their software, they

also placed demands on the location of the hardware in a refrigerated space called a computer room.

Until that time, software was bundled with the hardware by Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) such as Data General, Digital Equipment and IBM[citation needed]. When a customer bought aminicomputer, at that time the smallest computer on the market, the computer did not come with Pre-installed software, but needed to be installed by engineers employed by the OEM. Computer hardware companies not only bundled their software, they also placed demands on the location of the hardware in a refrigerated space called a computer room.

Most companies had their software on the books for 0 dollars, unable to claim it as an asset (this is similar to financing of popular music in those days). When Data General introduced the Data General Nova, a company called Digidyne wanted to use its RDOS operating system on its own hardware clone. Data General refused to license their software (which was hard to do, since it was on the books as a free asset), and claimed their "bundling rights". The Supreme Court set a precedent called Digidyne v.

Data General in 1985. The Supreme Court let a 9th circuit decision stand, and Data General was eventually forced into licensing the Operating System software because it was ruled that restricting the license to only DG hardware was an illegal tying arrangement.  Unable to sustain the loss from lawyer's fees, Data General ended up being taken over by EMC Corporation. The Supreme Court decision made it possible to value software, and also purchase Software patents.

There are many successful companies today that sell

only software products, though there are still many common software licensing problems due to the complexity of designs and poor documentation, leading to patent trolls. With open software specifications and the possibility of software licensing, new opportunities arose for software tools that then became the de facto standard, such as DOS for operating systems, but also various proprietary word processing and spreadsheet programs. In a similar growth pattern, proprietary development methods became standard Software development methodology.

Types of software A layer structure showing where theoperating system software and application software are situated while running on a typical desktop computer Software includes all the various forms and roles that digitally stored data may have and play in a computer (or similar system), regardless of whether the data is used as code for a CPU, or other interpreter, or whether it represents other kinds of information. Software thus encompasses a wide array of products that may be developed using different techniques such as ordinary programming languages, scripting languages, microcode, or an FPGAconfiguration.

The types of software include web pages developed in languages and frameworks like PHP, Perl, JSP or ASP. NET and desktop applications likeOpenOffice. org, Microsoft Word developed in languages like C, C++, Objective-C, Java, C#, or Smalltalk. Application software usually runs on an underlying software operating systems such as Linux or Microsoft Windows. Software (or firmware) is also used in video games and for the configurable parts of the logic systems of automobiles, televisions, and other consumer electronics.

Practical computer systems divide software systems into three major classes[citation needed]: system software, programming software and application software, although the distinction is arbitrary, and

often blurred. System software System software is computer software designed to operate the computer hardware, to provide basic functionality, and to provide a platform for runningapplication software.  System software includes device drivers, operating systems, servers, utilities, and window systems.

System software is responsible for managing a variety of independent hardware components, so that they can work together harmoniously. Its purpose is to unburden the application software programmer from the often complex details of the particular computer being used, including such accessories ascommunications devices, printers, device readers, displays and keyboards, and also to partition the computer's resources such as memory and processor time in a safe and stable manner.

Programming software

Programming software include tools in the form of programs or applications that software developers use to create, debug, maintain, or otherwise support other programs and applications. The term usually refers to relatively simple programs such as compilers, debuggers, interpreters, linkers, and text editors, that can be combined together to accomplish a task, much as one might use multiple hand tools to fix a physical object. Programming tools are intended to assist a programmer in writing computer programs, and they may be combined in an integrated development environment (IDE) to more easily manage all of these functions.

Architecture

Users often see things differently than programmers. People who use modern general purpose computers (as opposed to embedded systems, analog computers and supercomputers) usually see three layers of software performing a variety of tasks: platform, application, and user software. * Platform software: Platform includes the firmware, device drivers, an operating system, and typically a graphical user interface which, in total, allow a user

to interact with the computer and itsperipherals (associated equipment). Platform software often comes bundled with the computer.

On a PC you will usually have the ability to change the platform software. * Application software: Application software or Applications are what most people think of when they think of software. Typical examples include office suites and video games. Application software is often purchased separately from computer hardware. Sometimes applications are bundled with the computer, but that does not change the fact that they run as independent applications. Applications are usually independent programs from the operating system, though they are often tailored for specific platforms.

Most users think of compilers, databases, and other "system software" as applications. * User-written software: End-user development tailors systems to meet users' specific needs. User software include spreadsheet templates and word processor templates. Even email filters are a kind of user software. Users create this software themselves and often overlook how important it is. Depending on how competently the user-written software has been integrated into default application packages, many users may not be aware of the distinction between the original packages, and what has been added by co-workers.

Computer software has to be "loaded" into the computer's storage (such as the hard drive or memory). Once the software has loaded, the computer is able to execute the software. This involves passing instructions from the application software, through the system software, to the hardware which ultimately receives the instruction as machine code. Each instruction causes the computer to carry out an operation – moving data, carrying out a computation, or altering the control flow of instructions.

movement is typically from one place in memory to another. Sometimes it involves moving data between memory and registers which enable high-speed data access in the CPU. Moving data, especially large amounts of it, can be costly. So, this is sometimes avoided by using "pointers" to data instead. Computations include simple operations such as incrementing the value of a variable data element. More complex computations may involve many operations and data elements together.

Quality and reliability

Software quality is very important, especially for commercial and system software like Microsoft Office, Microsoft Windows and Linux. If software is faulty (buggy), it can delete a person's work, crash the computer and do other unexpected things. Faults and errors are called "bugs. " Many bugs are discovered and eliminated (debugged) through software testing. However, software testing rarely – if ever – eliminates every bug; some programmers say that "every program has at least one more bug" (Lubarsky's Law).

All major software companies, such as Microsoft, Novell and Sun Microsystems, have their own software testing departments with the specific goal of just testing. Software can be tested through unit testing, regression testing and other methods, which are done manually, or most commonly, automatically, since the amount of code to be tested can be quite large. For instance, NASA has extremely rigorous software testing procedures for many operating systems and communication functions. Many NASA based operations interact and identify each other through command programs called software.

This enables many people who work at NASA to check and evaluate functional systems overall. Programs containing command software enable hardware engineering and system operations to function much easier together.

License The software's license gives the user the right to use the software in the licensed environment. Some software comes with the license when purchased off the shelf, or an OEM license when bundled with hardware. Other software comes with a free software license, granting the recipient the rights to modify and redistribute the software.

Software can also be in the form of freeware orshareware. Patents Software can be patented in some but not all countries; however, software patents can be controversial in the software industry with many people holding different views about it. The controversy over software patents is about specific algorithms or techniques that the software contains, which may not be duplicated by others and considered intellectual property and copyright infringementdepending on the severity.

Design and implementation Design and implementation of software varies depending on the complexity of the software. For instance, design and creation of Microsoft Wordsoftware will take much more time than designing and developing Microsoft Notepad because of the difference in functionalities in each one. Software is usually designed and created (coded/written/programmed) in integrated development environments (IDE) like Eclipse, Emacs and Microsoft Visual Studio that can simplify the process and compile the program.

As noted in different section, software is usually created on top of existing software and the application programming interface (API) that the underlying software provides like GTK+, JavaBeans or Swing. Libraries (APIs) are categorized for different purposes. For instance, JavaBeans library is used for designing enterprise applications, Windows Forms library is used for designing graphical user interface (GUI) applications like Microsoft Word, and Windows Communication Foundation is used for designing web services.

computer programming concepts like quicksort, hash table, array, and binary tree can be useful to creating software. When a program is designed, it relies on the API. For instance, if a user is designing a Microsoft Windows desktop application, he/she might use the . NET Windows Forms library to design the desktop application and call its APIs like Form1. Close() and Form1. Show()[6] to close or open the application and write the additional operations him/herself that it need to have.

Without these APIs, the programmer needs to write these APIs him/herself. Companies like Sun Microsystems, Novell, and Microsoft provide their own APIs so that many applications are written using their software libraries that usually have numerous APIs in them. Computer software has special economic characteristics that make its design, creation, and distribution different from most other economic goods. A person who creates software is called a programmer, software engineer or software developer, terms that all have a similar meaning.

Industry and organizations

A great variety of software companies and programmers in the world comprise a software industry. Software can be quite a profitable industry: Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft was the richest person in the world in 2009 largely by selling the Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Office software products. The same goes for Larry Ellison, largely through his Oracle database software. Through time the software industry has become increasingly specialized.

Non-profit software organizations include the Free Software Foundation, GNU Project and Mozilla Foundation. Software standard organizations like the W3C, IETF develop software standards so that most software can interoperate through standards such as XML, HTML, HTTP or FTP. Other well-known

large software companies include Novell, SAP, Symantec, Adobe Systems, and Corel, while small companies often provide innovation.

The hardware components and software are essential to your computer, the two are interdependent to each other, and it means that if one area will be defective then both will not function properly. That is, the hardware and your processor don’t each other, so software will be mediate between so that the processor can give understandable command where the hardware follow, so hardware will be useless if there is no software that can communicate to it.

Likewise software will depend on hardware availability and functionality, that is software will be use if there is no hardware that it should communicate, and after all software will not be around without the hardware. This is a kind of egg and chicken who did come first thing. Regardless of any argument, both are created to make the life of the user easier and convenient, and we can rest assure that there will be an evolution that will innovate existing software and hardware such as voice operated computer which currently we see from other gadgets and stuffs around the globe.

Who knows? Maybe tomorrow, just watch the news…. Protecting both hardware and software are very advisable, obviously. In the hardware part, you should know troubleshooting techniques to locate the problem of your computer hardware by the use of either software or other methods. While in the software part, you should be watching about viruses, malware, or even incorrect installation. Of course, you can always the net by reading some articles pertaining to different pros and cons of both hardware

and software.

Hardware Facts The motherboard provides the connections and sockets that let other components communicate with each other. Motherboards come in different shapes and sizes — a motherboard in a laptop computer might not look like one from a desktop PC. The Processor The computer brain is a microprocessor called the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU is a chip containing millions of tiny transistors. It’s the CPU’s job to perform the calculations necessary to make the computer work.

The transistors in the CPU manipulate the data. You can think of a CPU as the decision maker. Memory Another critical component in computers is memory. The two most important kinds of memory are read-only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM). Computers can read data stored in ROM, but can’t write new data to it. With RAM, computers can read from and write to that memory. Without computer memory, every calculation on a computer would be stateless.

That means there’d be no way to preserve information from one moment to the next and every process would start on a clean slate. That’s not useful if you want to create complex programs. Many desktop PCs have the capacity for additional RAM. The user simply has to open the computer and plug RAM chips into the appropriate sockets on the motherboard. But other computers are sealed systems, you aren’t meant to open them and make changes so you’re pretty much stuck with what you’ve got.

Hardware And Software Facts

Hardware examples are from the keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, scanner, speaker to the components that consists your system unit. Hardware actually means

hard and visible. On the other hand, software which you visible see but virtually, like your Operating System (Windows XP, Vista, 7….. LinuxOS, MacOS, etc. ), Word processor, spreadsheets, etc. The hardware components and software are essential to your computer, the two are interdependent to each other, and it means that if one area will be defective then both will not function properly.

That is, the hardware and your processor don’t each other, so software will be mediate between so that the processor can give understandable command where the hardware follow, so hardware will be useless if there is no software that can communicate to it. Likewise software will depend on hardware availability and functionality, that is software will be use if there is no hardware that it should communicate, and after all software will not be around without the hardware.

This is a kind of egg and chicken who did come first thing. Regardless of any argument, both are created to make the life of the user easier and convenient, and we can rest assure that there will be an evolution that will innovate existing software and hardware such as voice operated computer which currently we see from other gadgets and stuffs around the globe. Who knows? Maybe tomorrow, just watch the news.

Protecting both hardware and software are very advisable, obviously. In the hardware part, you should know troubleshooting techniques to locate the problem of your computer hardware by the use of either software or other methods. While in the software part, you should be watching about viruses, malware, or even incorrect installation. Of course, you can always the net

by reading some articles pertaining to different pros and cons of both hardware and software.

  • Database Coursework Essay Example
  • Server Virtualization: a Method to Maximize Return on Investment Essay Example
  • Strategic Decision-making Essay Example
  • Event Driven Programming Essay Example
  • Google's Strategy in 2010 Essay Example
  • The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Essay Example
  • Founder-Ceo Succession at Wily Technology Essay Example
  • Attendance System Essay Example
  • Reid Based Prepaid Energy Mater Essay Example
  • Transgression forswear-maintaining centralized database Essay Example
  • XML Database: An Introduction and Analysis Essay Example
  • Linux implementation proposal Essay Example
  • Tim Paterson 15325 Essay Example
  • Functionality of BIOS 247 Essay Example
  • Year 2000 Problem or “y2k Problem” Essay Example
  • Computer File essays
  • Desktop Computer essays
  • Servers essays
  • Camera essays
  • Cell Phones essays
  • Computer essays
  • Ipod essays
  • Smartphone essays
  • Android essays
  • Application Software essays
  • Benchmark essays
  • Computer Network essays
  • Computer Programming essays
  • Computer Security essays
  • Computer Software essays
  • Cryptography essays
  • Data collection essays
  • Data Mining essays
  • Graphic Design essays
  • Information Systems essays
  • Internet essays
  • Network Security essays
  • Website essays
  • World Wide Web essays
  • Cloud Computing essays
  • Computer Science essays
  • Consumer Electronics essays
  • Data Analysis essays
  • Electronics essays
  • engineering essays
  • Enterprise Technology essays
  • Hardware essays
  • Impact of Technology essays
  • Information Age essays
  • Information Technology essays
  • Modern Technology essays
  • Operating Systems essays
  • people search essays
  • Robot essays

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards.

  • Enter your topic/question
  • Receive an explanation
  • Ask one question at a time
  • Enter a specific assignment topic
  • Aim at least 500 characters
  • a topic sentence that states the main or controlling idea
  • supporting sentences to explain and develop the point you’re making
  • evidence from your reading or an example from the subject area that supports your point
  • analysis of the implication/significance/impact of the evidence finished off with a critical conclusion you have drawn from the evidence.

Unfortunately copying the content is not possible

Tell us your email address and we’ll send this sample there..

By continuing, you agree to our Terms and Conditions .

Home — Essay Samples — Information Science and Technology — Computer Software — Software and Hardware relationship

test_template

Software and Hardware Relationship

  • Categories: Computer Software

About this sample

close

Words: 744 |

Published: Feb 12, 2019

Words: 744 | Pages: 2 | 4 min read

  • 3D CAD files can quickly be transferred to drive Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) production software. In turn, CAM drives machine tools and other capital equipment through computer-numerical-control (CNC). CNC manufacturing processes included multi-axis milling, turning, sheet metal work (such as brake presses and punches) and high speed machining.
  • CAD/CAM software enables you to check tool paths before any material is cut. The opportunity to run a simulation and so verify the complete machining process in a virtual environment is critical for keeping waste and scrap costs to a minimum. Additionally, a result from less scrap include less energy consumption and reduced tool wear costs.
  • CAD/CAM simulations also enable you to identify how long the production run time will take. Clearly this is useful for project planning, as well as the budgeting of throughput, material supply and delivery.
  • As the CAD model is the source of the manufacturing data, the design intent is preserved and the dimensional accuracy is retained. In contrast, converting data into 2D drawings and then back into machining code, inherently introduces the risk of making mistakes.
  • Tooling and die suppliers can accurately and relatively quickly prepare with CAD data for molded, casted or pressed parts.
  • Tooling, die, mould and component suppliers can be simultaneously sent CAD data from anywhere in the world, both for quotes and for the production of parts.
  • 3D CAD equips the manufacturing engineer with the means to relatively quickly design tooling, jigs, fixtures, custom gauges and components for workholding.
  • For some often-lucrative contracts, the ability to handle 3D CAD data is a prerequisite. Prime manufacturers and their tier 1 suppliers sometimes mandate this for smaller manufacturers further down the supply chain.
  • 3D CAD enables the automatic generation of bills of materials, giving the option of quotations for outsourcing.
  • If you are that way inclined, production can be outsourced to lower cost parts of the world, with the potential to overcome language barriers, as the data is digital.
  • 3D CAD software interfaces with prototyping and manufacturing processes by exporting data files in standard formats. These include STL, IGES and STEP.
  • Others in the supply chain (or indeed other development process stakeholders) can view, manipulate and add notes to 3D CAD models without having to purchase the software. Instead low cost or free CAD viewers make it possible to communicate and offer feedback on CAD models.
  • Inspection can be enhanced by checking physical parts against CAD models.
  • Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) can check accuracy, based on the CAD data generated at the design development stage.
  • 3D printing (additive manufacturing) can be produced directly from CAD data. Different 3D printing technologies can be used to produce final production parts in a wide variety of materials (polymers, metals and even ceramics), depending on your requirements.

Image of Alex Wood

Cite this Essay

Let us write you an essay from scratch

  • 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help
  • Custom essay delivered in as few as 3 hours

Get high-quality help

author

Verified writer

  • Expert in: Information Science and Technology

writer

+ 120 experts online

By clicking “Check Writers’ Offers”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy . We’ll occasionally send you promo and account related email

No need to pay just yet!

Related Essays

2 pages / 719 words

1 pages / 594 words

2 pages / 842 words

3 pages / 1146 words

Remember! This is just a sample.

You can get your custom paper by one of our expert writers.

121 writers online

Still can’t find what you need?

Browse our vast selection of original essay samples, each expertly formatted and styled

Related Essays on Computer Software

Investing in the right computer vision solution delivers numerous advantages. Don’t, however, only concentrate your efforts on the hardware, as the software also carries significant weight in determining your computer vision [...]

America has long been known for its innovation and technological advancements, a reputation driven by the contributions of its geeks. Geeks, generally defined as individuals with deep knowledge and expertise in a particular [...]

Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) is a widely employed non invasive technique to determine the condition of human heart and detect any abnormal cardiac behavior. Computer systems for ECG analysis can aid physicians in prompt [...]

Using computer software’s is important and structural design software contains many useful features that will benefit builders, contractors, architects, and even the industrious homeowner. It has a lot of benefits, as it is a [...]

Google Chrome is a freeware web browser developed by Google. Released in September 2008, for Microsoft Windows, and was later ported to Linux, macOS, iOS and Android. Google Chrome is also the main component of Chrome OS, where [...]

Client Requirements – This will be the list of the requirements developed in conjunction with the client and the developer. This list of requirements will be the “measuring stick” which the designs are to be acceptance tested [...]

Related Topics

By clicking “Send”, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement . We will occasionally send you account related emails.

Where do you want us to send this sample?

By clicking “Continue”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy.

Be careful. This essay is not unique

This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before

Download this Sample

Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts

Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper.

Please check your inbox.

We can write you a custom essay that will follow your exact instructions and meet the deadlines. Let's fix your grades together!

Get Your Personalized Essay in 3 Hours or Less!

We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy .

  • Instructions Followed To The Letter
  • Deadlines Met At Every Stage
  • Unique And Plagiarism Free

computer hardware and software essay

GCFGlobal Logo

  • Get started with computers
  • Learn Microsoft Office
  • Apply for a job
  • Improve my work skills
  • Design nice-looking docs
  • Getting Started
  • Smartphones & Tablets
  • Typing Tutorial
  • Online Learning
  • Basic Internet Skills
  • Online Safety
  • Social Media
  • Zoom Basics
  • Google Docs
  • Google Sheets
  • Career Planning
  • Resume Writing
  • Cover Letters
  • Job Search and Networking
  • Business Communication
  • Entrepreneurship 101
  • Careers without College
  • Job Hunt for Today
  • 3D Printing
  • Freelancing 101
  • Personal Finance
  • Sharing Economy
  • Decision-Making
  • Graphic Design
  • Photography
  • Image Editing
  • Learning WordPress
  • Language Learning
  • Critical Thinking
  • For Educators
  • Translations
  • Staff Picks
  • English expand_more expand_less

Computer Science  - Hardware and Software

Computer science  -, hardware and software, computer science hardware and software.

GCFLearnFree Logo

Computer Science: Hardware and Software

Lesson 2: hardware and software.

/en/computer-science/algorithms/content/

Hardware and software

Hardware and software are two terms you've probably heard of at some point or another. The odds are high that you use both on a daily basis, whether it's with your smartphone or personal computer. Let's take a deeper look at what these two things are and why they're important.

Watch the video below to learn more about hardware and software.

Hardware is any element of a computer that's physical . This includes things like monitors , keyboards , and also the insides of devices, like microchips and hard drives .

computer hardware and software essay

Software is anything that tells hardware what to do and how to do it , including computer programs and apps on your phone. Video games, photo editors, and web browsers are just a few examples.

computer hardware and software essay

Hardware and software are different from each other, but they also need one another in order to function . Let's look at an example of this using a smartphone. In this case, the hardware would be the physical phone itself, and the software would be its operating system and apps.

If we were to take away the software, we would just have a dead phone in our hands. It wouldn't be able to make calls, text, or go online because it's not receiving any instructions .

computer hardware and software essay

On the other hand, let's say we have no hardware , meaning there's no actual phone. If all we have are the programs, we just have a bunch of instructions but nothing to give these instructions to .

computer hardware and software essay

The big picture here is that hardware needs software to tell it what to do, but software also needs hardware in order to act out its directions. When you combine the two, you can do all sorts of things, whether you're using a smartphone, computer, or any other type of device.

computer hardware and software essay

Technology will continue to evolve. We may not be sure how it will look in 100 years, but hardware and software will be there serving as its foundation.

previous

/en/computer-science/binary/content/

Computer Hardware Components and Functions Essay

Hardware is the physical components of a computer, while the software is a collection of programs and related data to perform the computers desired function. The software can be edited while the hardware can not. There are four main groups of hardware; Those concerned with input, the central processing unit (CPU), storage hardware components and those concerned with output.

Input hardware devices are things such as keyboards, mice, scanners or an analogue to digital converter and are used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system.

Storage hardware can be either volatile or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory, or Random Access Memory (RAM), stores data while it is being manipulated and is synonymous with the working memory of the human mind.

This is the information which is lost on computer shutdown. For example, this word document I’m typing at the moment is stored on RAM until I save it. When I save this document (as I have just done) It is now stored on a form of non-volatile memory; the hard drive. Other forms of non-volatile memory include the read-only memory (ROM) where programs integral to the computer’s function are stored and storage devices such as CDs. ROM hardware also includes expansion cards such as graphics cards.

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) executes a sequence of stored information, or, programs.

Output Hardware is any hardware which is used to communicate the results of the computer to the outside world. Monitors, printers and speakers are all forms of output hardware.

  • Chicago (A-D)
  • Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2020, December 31). Computer Hardware Components and Functions. https://ivypanda.com/essays/computer-hardware-components-and-functions/

"Computer Hardware Components and Functions." IvyPanda , 31 Dec. 2020, ivypanda.com/essays/computer-hardware-components-and-functions/.

IvyPanda . (2020) 'Computer Hardware Components and Functions'. 31 December.

IvyPanda . 2020. "Computer Hardware Components and Functions." December 31, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/computer-hardware-components-and-functions/.

1. IvyPanda . "Computer Hardware Components and Functions." December 31, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/computer-hardware-components-and-functions/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Computer Hardware Components and Functions." December 31, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/computer-hardware-components-and-functions/.

  • Advantages and Disadvantages of Solid State Drives
  • The Design and Implementation of DC-DC Boost Converter
  • Search Engine Content Converter
  • The Effect of Student’s Online Visibility on Their Performance
  • Analogue to Digital Sound Effect Processor
  • Government Shutdown and Its Impact on Tourism
  • The US Government Shutdown
  • VMware Services Basic Requirements
  • Federal Government Shutdown in 2011
  • Effects of the U.S. Government Shutdown on the African-American Communities
  • Intelligent Input/Output Technologies
  • Applied E-Systems and Pervasive Computing
  • Hardware and Software Components: Investigation and Trials
  • Enterprise Architecture Frameworks Comparison
  • Microsoft Operating Systems on Trial
  • Reflection paper
  • Great essay writing tips
  • Essay in a few steps
  • Editing your essay online
  • Creating a strong GED paper
  • Hiring a paper writer
  • Writing a paper on domestic violence
  • Staring a compare and contrast paper
  • Evaluation essay topics for college
  • Definition paper thesis statement
  • Outlining your 7 year persuasive essay
  • Things to know about literary essays
  • Outlining a 5-paragraph narrative essay
  • Inventing easy college essay topic ideas
  • Religion comparative essay writing
  • Looking for writing help online
  • Profile essay about an event
  • Crafting a 3-page essay for college
  • Rhetorical analysis writing secrets
  • Writing about volunteering
  • Response essay on a Christmas Carol
  • How to organize an economics paper
  • Discursive writing fundamentals
  • Creating a paper about business sectors
  • Completing an APA style essay
  • How to write a paper on the US sports
  • Definition essay sample on poverty
  • Creating a good title for an ethics essay
  • Tips on crafting an art history paper
  • Expository essay ideas on Hong Kong
  • Paying for a high-quality paper
  • Pop culture
  • Air pollution in Kuwait
  • Atticus Finch
  • Politics in the 1936 Olympics
  • Bullying in schools
  • Juvenile offenders
  • Analyze This
  • Software and hardwere
  • History and literature
  • Alcohol abusers
  • Schindler’s list
  • Nike and ethics
  • IHR Management
  • Blade Runner
  • Benefits of laughter
  • Cell phones at school
  • Free secondary education
  • What is insulin?
  • Andrew Jackson
  • What is neoliberalism
  • Beauty and the Beast
  • Hamlet & Don Quixote
  • Whitening toothpaste
  • Edwardian Era
  • History of economics
  • Known serial killers
  • American imperialism
  • Essay writer

Hardware And Software

Technology is based on different components working together to solve an issue. Computer system is an example of such technology that allows input, use the information input and output what the user expects. Computer system is made of software and hardware. The purpose of this paper is to identify the relationship between hardware and software.

Software is in the word used to group numerous computer programs, documentation, and procedures that are tasked with ensuring a computer system operates effectively. The software systems that are used in computer systems are grouped into three classes, which are application software, programming software, and system software. Software allows a system to operate in a specific sequence and allows change of a system based on the software that is available. The software is created in a manner that is user-friendly and forms the interface in which the computer system can operate effectively.

Hardware is a physical component that connects to a computer and can be physically touched. Some examples of hardware include video card, printer, computer display monitor, and hard drive. The important of hardware is giving the software a platform to run on. The software cannot operate with hardware since it is the base it can run. The software and hardware interacts with each other with the purpose of fulfilling a given task. Without these two components, a computer system cannot operate effectively.

The hardware is the platform that is required to execute and store the software. It also enables the software to run. The software, on the other hand, collects instructions from the user and the software interacts with the hardware to fulfill a given instruction. Software does not perform general tasks, but each software performs a given task based on the attached hardware: physical components. Some of the types of hardware include control, process, storage, and output and input while software include application software, programming software, and system software. For example, the document processor is an example of a software while a printer makes the information on a hard copy e.g. on paper.

The hardware operates as the delivery mechanisms for the specific software. The hardware is difficult to change because of the purpose that it performs while a software is frequently changed because of the function that it plays. The software allows modification, creation and deletion of information, and these functions continuously change. On the other hand, a software specifically completes a task based on input from the user. A hardware can operate without a software in minor instances such as powering on or responding to any input. The software cannot function without hardware since the hardware forms the platform that allows the software to run.

The failure when it comes to hardware is random. The hardware failure is dependent on the extent of use. The older the hardware becomes, the frequency of failure also increases. Conversely, failure in software is systematic and does not have and increase in failure whatever the extent it has been used. The wearing of software is because of bugs and other programming complications. Therefore, the failure rate between these two systems is different, and it impairs the general operation of a computer system.

In conclusion, hardware and software are required to make a computer system to operate effectively. Hardware is the physical components while the software forms the interface between the hardware and software.

Essay Blogs

  • iBuyEssay.com
  • Homework service

Popular Posts

  • Writing an argumentative essay
  • Creating a freedom of speech essay
  • Comparative essay thesis

Essay Topics

  • Definition essay topic ideas
  • US history essay topics

© TCHolidays.com. All rights reserved. | Efficient Tips On Essay Writing

The Computer Hardware and Software

Different levels of computing require different computer hardware and software according to the computing requirements. This implies that the selection of computer hardware and software should be done by the changing needs of the larger organization and its respective information systems at the various computing levels including personal, workgroup, and enterprise computing according to the sphere of influence (Effy, 2008). The computer hardware for personal computing should be based on a single-user platform, while workgroup computing hardware and software should be able to support a multi-user environment (Effy, 2008). The enterprise computing hardware and software are normally customized following the information needs of the organization. This paper researches the computer hardware and software that are used to support personal, workgroup, and enterprise computing in an organization.

For the case of personal computing, the hardware comprises mainly personal computers, with a mix of desktops, laptops, and other handheld computing devices such as Personal Digital Assistants and smartphones (Effy, 2008). Other peripheral devices that support personal computing include printers, scanners, and projectors, which are mainly used to facilitate presentation sessions within the organization. The software used to support personal computing within the organization comprises personal computers and workstation operating systems and a wide range of application programs (Stair & Reynolds, 2008). Examples of operating systems that are used to support personal computing include the Mac OS X, UNIX, Solaris, Palm OS, Red Hat Linux, and Windows operating systems, which comprised of Microsoft Windows Vista, Windows XP, Windows Mobile, Windows Automotive, and Windows Embedded. Palm OS is used for handheld computing devices and smartphones, Windows Embedded is specifically designed for small computer devices while Windows Mobile is an operating system that functions with smartphones and Personal Digital Assistants. The application software used to support personal computing enables the users to undertake specific tasks (Stair & Reynolds, 2008). They include applications for word processing, spreadsheets, presentation graphics, and database management (Stair & Reynolds, 2008). Examples include the Microsoft Office Suite, Lotus Symphony, Corel Word Perfect office, Sun Star office, and online software platforms that are delivered as services such as Google Docs and Microsoft Office Online suite. In addition, there are utility programs that are used to enhance the performance of the workstation such as antivirus and spyware applications (Stair & Reynolds, 2008).

Workgroup computing is supported by hardware and software that can function in a multi-user environment that supports communication and sharing of resources. The hardware that supports workgroup computing comprises mainly networking devices such as routers, switches, shared devices such as printers and scanners, internet connection, access points, and firewall devices. The system software for workgroup computing comprises Network Operating Systems, which include Microsoft Windows Server 2003 and Server 2008, Mac OS X Server, UNIX, Solaris, Netware, Red Hat Linux, HP-UX 11i, and IBM i5/OS and z/OS (Stair & Reynolds, 2008). The network operating systems are primarily used for managing the network and shared resources. The application software that supports workgroup computing includes Electronic mail, group scheduling, shared work, and collaboration. The utility programs that support workgroup computing are mainly used for providing detailed reports concerning the activity of the workgroup and user accounts status, and network management. In addition, the workgroup utility applications are used for monitoring the number of login attempts that have been unsuccessful (Stair & Reynolds, 2008).

Enterprise computing serves to meet the information needs of an organization, as a result, it requires the use of powerful computer hardware and specialized application programs. The hardware comprises mainframe computers and mid-range computer systems, servers, and other peripheral components that are interlinked by a network, resulting in a computing facility that has been centralized (Effy, 2008). The system software that supports enterprise computing includes mid-range and mainframe operating systems, which in most cases are similar to the ones used for supporting workgroup computing. The application programs for enterprise computing include software for payroll processing, human resource management, supply chain management software, order entry, and dataset management. In addition, utility programs are used for archiving the contents of the database; virtualization software and utility software for reporting the condition of a given job (Stair & Reynolds, 2008).

Effy, O. (2008). Management Information Systems. New York: Cengage Learning.

Stair, R., & Reynolds, G. (2008). Fundamentals of Information Systems. New York: Cengage Learning.

Home / Essay Samples / Information Science and Technology / Graphic Design / Hardware And Software – Graphic Design

Hardware And Software – Graphic Design

  • Category: Information Science and Technology
  • Topic: Computer Software , Graphic Design

Pages: 5 (2061 words)

Views: 2213

  • Downloads: -->

Hardware- Graphics Card

Central processing unit (cpu), graphics tablet, software- adobe photoshop, adobe illustrator.

--> ⚠️ Remember: This essay was written and uploaded by an--> click here.

Found a great essay sample but want a unique one?

are ready to help you with your essay

You won’t be charged yet!

Smartphone Essays

Internet Essays

Cell Phones Essays

Open Source Software Essays

Computer Essays

Related Essays

We are glad that you like it, but you cannot copy from our website. Just insert your email and this sample will be sent to you.

By clicking “Send”, you agree to our Terms of service  and  Privacy statement . We will occasionally send you account related emails.

Your essay sample has been sent.

In fact, there is a way to get an original essay! Turn to our writers and order a plagiarism-free paper.

samplius.com uses cookies to offer you the best service possible.By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy .--> -->